SSC Stenographer 2023 Official Paper (Held On: 12 Oct, 2023 Shift 2) (Previous Year Paper)

Given:

Some chairs are holders.

Some holders are bottles.

Some bottles are chairs.

The least possible Venn diagram for the given statement is:

Conclusions: 

I. All chairs are bottles - False (Because, some chairs are bottles. so, all chairs are bottles can be possible only).

II. All bottles are chairs - False (Because, some bottles are chairs. so, All bottles are chairs can be possible only).

III. All holders are bottles - False (Because, some bottles are holders. so, All holders are bottles can be possible only).

IV. All holders are chairs - False (Because, some chairs are holders. so, All holders are chairs can be possible only).

Thus, None of the conclusions follow.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 3".

The logic followed here is: 

Thus, TPNJ will be replace the ?.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 1".

Family Chart:

Decoding the Symbols:

 

Given: C + M – S × K − P ÷ T

It means C is son of M. M is wife of S. S is father of K. K is wife of P. P is brother of T.

K is the daughter of M → True.

C is the son of S.  → True.

K is the brother’s daughter of M.  → False (Because, K is daughter of M).

K is the brother’s wife of T.  → True.

Thus, K is the brother’s daughter of M is incorrect.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 3".

The paper after unfolded will be:

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 3".

Given Equation: 19 + 72 – 3 × 56 ÷ 65 =?

BODMAS Rule:

Decoding the given information:

 

Now replacing the sign from left to right using BODMAS Rule, we get:

⇒ 19 × 72 ÷ 3 - 56 + 65 =?

⇒ 19 × 24 - 56 + 65 =? 

⇒ 456 - 56 + 65 =? 

⇒ 521 - 56 = 465

Hence, the correct option is "Option 1".

The logic followed here is:

Logic: (First number + Third number) ÷ 2 = Second number.

For, (18, 39, 60)

⇒ (18 + 60) ÷ 2 =39

⇒ 78 ÷ 2 =39 

⇒ 39 = 39

For, (12, 27, 42)

⇒ (12 + 42) ÷ 2 = 27

⇒ 56 ÷ 2 = 27

⇒ 27 = 27

Let's check with options.

Option 1) (16, 35, 54) 

⇒ (16 + 54) ÷ 2 = 35

⇒ 70 ÷ 2 = 35

⇒ 35 = 35

Option 2) (11, 25, 33)

⇒ (11 + 33) ÷ 2 = 25

⇒ 44 ÷ 2 = 25

⇒ 22 ≠ 25

Option 3) (8, 19, 33) 

⇒ (8 + 33) ÷ 2 = 19

⇒ 41 ÷ 2 = 19

 ⇒20.5 ≠ 19

Option 4) (20, 37, 60)

⇒ (20 + 60) ÷ 2 = 37

⇒ 80 ÷ 2 = 37

⇒ 40 ≠   60.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 1".

The logic followed here is:

Step I: Symbol of "arrow" moves 45º in anticlockwise direction in each next image.

.Step II: Shaded portion of inside image moves 90º in clockwise direction in each next image.

Thus, the complete series will be:

 

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 3".

The logic followed here is:

Option 1) XLQ

Option 2) QEJ

Option 3) ZNS

Option 4) WKO

Here, 'WKO' is odd among the given options.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 4".

The logic followed here is:

Logic: (First number + Third number) ÷ 3 = Second number.

For, (25, 30, 65)

⇒ (25 + 65) ÷ 3 = 30

⇒ 90 ÷ 3 = 30

⇒ 30 = 30

For, (50, 50, 100)

⇒ (50 + 100) ÷ 3 = 50

⇒ 150 ÷ 3 = 50

⇒ 50 = 50

Now, checking the options:

Option 1) (44, 157, 14)

⇒ (44 + 14) ÷ 3 = 157

⇒ 58 ÷ 3 = 157

⇒ 19.34 ≠ 157

Option 2) (25, 132, 18)

⇒ (25 + 18) ÷ 3 = 132

⇒ 43 ÷ 3 = 132

⇒ 14.34 ≠ 132

Option 3) (45, 40, 75)

⇒ (45 + 75) ÷ 3 = 40

⇒ 120 ÷ 3 = 40 

⇒ 40 = 40

Option 4) (35, 178, 15)

⇒ (35 + 15) ÷ 3 = 178

⇒ 50 ÷ 3 = 178

⇒ 16.67 ≠ 178

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 3".

The logic followed here is: 

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 4".

The meaningful sequence is :

4. Tree → Trees are the primary source of pulp.
5. Pulp → Pulp is a fibrous material found within the wood of trees.
6. Paper → Pulp is processed to create paper.
7. Notebook → Notebooks are made from paper.
8. Stationery shop → A stationery shop is where one can find notebooks.

So, the logical and meaningful order is '4 1 2 3 5'.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option (1)".

Given:

To reach the final point from the home position, 

Nitin departs from his home and walks 45 m towards the east,

then turns left and walks 48 m,

again turns left and walks 27 m,

takes a final left turn and walks 55 m,

A pole which is exactly 7 m to the south of his home.

So, the distance between the final point and the pole = 45 - 27 = 18 m 

Hence, the correct answer is "Option (4)".

The logic followed here is:

So, '597' will replace the question mark (?) in the given series.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option (3)".

The logic followed here is:

Logic: The second word is related to the first word.

Here,

Riders : Cavalcade ⇒ A cavalcade is a procession of riders.

Similarly,

Termites : Colony ⇒ A colony is a highly organized and integrated unit of termite society  

Hence, the correct answer is "Option (2)".

Given Equation: 9 B 14 D 16 C 40 A 10 = ?

BODMAS Rule:

Decoding the given information:

 

Now replacing the letter from left to right using the BODMAS Rule, we get:

⇒ 9 × 14 - 16 + 40 ÷ 10 = ?

⇒ 9 × 14 - 16 + 4 = ?

⇒ 126 - 16 + 4 = ?

⇒ 130 - 16 = 114

Hence, the correct option is "Option (1)".

Given Statement: A ≥ B ≥ C = D < E; F ≤ C > G

Now,

Conclusions:

(i) A ≥ F → True (A ≥ B ≥ C ≥ F It gives A ≥ F)

(ii) D > G → True (D = C > G It gives D > G)

Here, Both conclusions I and II are true.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option (2)".

The logic followed here is:

So, '1024' will replace the question mark (?) in the given series

Hence, the correct answer is "Option (3)".

Given Equation: 13 B 3 D 15 A 3 C 6 = ?

BODMAS Rule:

Decoding the given information:

 

Now replacing the letter from left to right using the BODMAS Rule, we get:

⇒ 13 × 3 - 15 ÷ 3 + 6 = ?

⇒ 13 × 3 - 5 + 6 = ?

⇒ 39 - 5 + 6 = ?

⇒ 45 - 5 = 40

Hence, the correct option is "Option (3)".

Given: Seven people A, B, C, D, E, F, and G are comparing their heights.

No two people are of the same height.

1) A is shorter than only E

E > A > __ > __ > __ > __ > __

2. C is taller than only D

E > A > __ > __ > __ > C > D

3) B is taller than F but shorter than both A and G

E > A > G > B > F > C > D

Here, 'E and A' are taller than 'G'

But In the given options 'A' is not mentioned.

So, 'E' is taller than 'G'

Hence, the correct answer is "Option (2)".

The logic followed here is:

Logic: First number × 4 = Third number,

Third number + 4 = Second number.

Given,

(7, 32, 28)

⇒ 7 × 4 = 28,

⇒ 28 + 4 = 32

(2, 12, 8)

⇒ 2 × 4 = 8,

⇒ 8 + 4 = 12

Now, checking the options:

Option 1): (8, 45, 40) 

⇒ 8 × 4 = 32 ≠ 40

⇒ 40 + 4 = 44 ≠ 45

Option 2): (3, 15, 12)

⇒ 3 × 4 = 12 = 12 

⇒ 12 + 4 = 16 ≠ 15

Option 3): (12, 52, 48)

⇒ 12 × 4 = 48 = 48

⇒ 48 + 4 = 52 = 52

Option 4): (5, 25, 20) 

⇒ 5 × 4 = 20 = 20

⇒ 20 + 4 = 24 ≠ 25

Hence, the correct option is "Option (3)".

The logic followed here is:

Given Sequence: CM _ _ LC _ ENL _ ME _ _C _ _NL

Now, putting the letters in the blank spaces given in the option one by one:

Option 1) ENMCNLME → C M E N L / C M E N L / C M E N L / C M E N L

Here, 'CMENL' followed a pattern.

Option 2) EMNCNLME → C M E M L / C N E N L / C M E N L / C M E N L

Option 3) ENMCLNME → C M E N L / C M E N L / C M E L N / C M E N L

Option 4) ENMLNCME → C M E N L / C M E N L / L M E N C / C M E N L

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 1".

Given equation: (3 × 16) ÷ 8 + 124 ÷ 2 – 64 ÷ (2 × 4) = 84.

BODMAS Table: 

Let's check each option one by one.

Option 1) 16 and 64

Given: (3 × 16) ÷ 8 + 124 ÷ 2 – 64 ÷ (2 × 4) = 84

After interchanging the numbers we get;

⇒ (3 × 64) ÷ 8 + 124 ÷ 2 – 16 ÷ (2 × 4) = 84

⇒ 192 ÷ 8 + 124 ÷ 2 – 16 ÷ 8 = 84

⇒ 24 + 62 – 2 = 84

⇒ 86 - 2 = 84

⇒ 84 = 84

⇒ LHS = RHS

Option 2) 2 and 3

Given: (3 × 16) ÷ 8 + 124 ÷ 2 – 64 ÷ (2 × 4) = 84

After interchanging the numbers we get;

⇒ (2 × 16) ÷ 8 + 124 ÷ 3 – 64 ÷ (3 × 4) = 84

⇒ 32 ÷ 8 + 124 ÷ 3 – 64 ÷ 8 = 84

⇒ 4 + 41.33 – 8 = 84

⇒ 45.33 – 8 = 84

⇒ 37.33 ≠ 84

⇒ LHS ≠ RHS

Option 3) 8 and 16

Given: (3 × 16) ÷ 8 + 124 ÷ 2 – 64 ÷ (2 × 4) = 84

After interchanging the numbers we get;

⇒ (3 × 8) ÷ 16 + 124 ÷ 2 – 64 ÷ (2 × 4) = 84

⇒ 24 ÷ 16 + 124 ÷ 2 – 64 ÷ 8 = 84

⇒ 1.5 + 62 – 8 = 84

⇒ 63.5 – 8 = 84

⇒ 55.5 ≠ 84

⇒ LHS ≠ RHS

Option 4) 64 and 124

Given: (3 × 16) ÷ 8 + 124 ÷ 2 – 64 ÷ (2 × 4) = 84

After interchanging the numbers we get;

⇒ (3 × 16) ÷ 8 + 64÷ 2 – 124 ÷ (2 × 4) = 84

⇒ 48 ÷ 8 + 64÷ 2 – 124 ÷ 8 = 84

⇒ 6 + 32 – 15.5 = 84

⇒ 38 – 15.5 = 84

⇒ 22.5 ≠ 84

⇒ LHS ≠ RHS

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 1".

Given Statements:

No river is a sea.

Some rivers are lakes.

All rivers are ponds.

The least possible Venn diagram for the given statement is:

Conclusions:

I. I. Some lakes are seas - False (Because, No definite relation given between lakes and seas, so it can be possible).

II. Some ponds are seas - False (Because, No definite relation given between ponds and seas, so it can be possible).

III. Some lakes are ponds - True (Because, some river are lakes and all rivers are ponds, so, the part of lakes which is river is also ponds).

So, Only conclusion III follows

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 3".

Given: 14th Feb 2022 was Monday.

Now, 2020 to 2022 = 2 Years.

In 2 years, 1 Leap year and 1 ordinary years.

Total odd days from  14th Feb 2020 to 14th Feb 2022 = (1 × 2) + (1 × 1) = 2 + 1 = 3 days.

So, 14th Feb 2020 was = Monday - 3 = Friday.

Hence, the correct option is "Option 1".

The logic followed here is:

So, '379' is the missing number in the given series.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 3".

Given: 

Anurag and Bhavna started driving from the same point.

Anurag drove North for 11 km,

then turns right and covers 13 km.

Bhavna goes West and covers 15 km,

then turns right and covers 11 km

So, they are  28km away from each other in a straight line.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 3".

The logic followed here is:

Logic: 2nd number × 49 = 1st number.

Now,

For, 147 : 3

⇒ 3 × 49 = 147

For, 343 : 7

⇒ 7 × 49 = 343

Similarly, for ? : 9

⇒ 9 × 49 = 441

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 1".

The logic followed here is:

In this, two logic are following in alternate figure.

Step I: 

Step II: 

Step III: 

Step IV: 

So, the complete series will be:

So, 'Option 3' will replace the question mark.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 3".

The correct mirror image of the given figure is:

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 1".

The image embedded in given figure is as shown below:

 

Hence, "Option 1" is the correct answer.

The logic followed here is:

thus, "4896" will replace the question mark in the given series.

Hence, the correct option is "Option 1".

Given: A, B, C, D, E, F, G, and H are sitting around a square table facing the center of the table.

1) D does not sit in a corner.

2) G sits third to the right of D.

3) Three people sit between D and C.

4) F sits second to the right of C and A sits third to the right of C.

5) H sits between B and G.

So, E will sit in the remaining place.

Here, 'A' is second to the left of B.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 3".

Given Statements:

All black is white.

Some white is grey.

The least possible Venn diagram for the given statement is:

Conclusions:

I. Some grey is black - False (Because, No definite relation given between grey and black, so it can be possible only).

II. Some white is black - True (Because, All black is white implies that some white is black).

So, Only conclusion II follows.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 1".

The triangles are:

 

So, there are '10' triangles in the given figure.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 1".

Family Chart:

Given: 

A is the daughter-in-law of B.

E is the brother of A.

B has only one son, C.

D is the son of C.

So, D is the 'Son' of A.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 4".

The logic followed here is:

Logic: The first word is the tool used by the professional (which is mentioned) in the second word.

Here,

Harrow : Gardener → Harrow is used by a Gardener.

Similarly,

Scalpel : Surgeon → Scalpel is used by a surgeon.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 3".

Given Statements:

All apples are pineapples.

Some apples are mangoes.

No mango is a grape.

The least possible Venn diagram for the given statement is:

Conclusions:

I. Some pineapples are not grapes - True (All apples are pineapples, some apples are mangoes and no mango is a grape implies that some pineapples are not grapes)

II. No pineapple is a grape - False (Because, No definite relation is given between pineapple and grape, so it can be possible only)

III. Some apples are not grapes - True (Some apples are mangoes and no mango is a grape implies that some apples are not grapes)

So, Only conclusions I and III follow.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 1".

Given: Ten people are sitting in two parallel rows containing 5 people each, in such a way that there is equal distance between adjacent persons.

In Row 1 – A, B, C, D and E are seated and all of them are facing the south.

In Row 2 – P, Q, R, S and T are seated and all of them are facing the north.

Thus, each person is facing another person from the other row.

1. B is sitting third to the right of A.

2. P is facing an immediate neighbour of A.

3. R is sitting third to the left of P.

4. D is sitting second to the left of the person who is facing T.

5. D is not sitting at any of the extreme ends of the row.

6. C is facing Q.

R is facing E.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 4".

The correct order of words as they would appear in the English dictionary is:

2. Miticidal 3. Mitigative 1. Mitochondria 4. Mitogenic 6. Mitosis  5. Mitotically

The correct order is '2, 3, 1, 4, 6, 5'.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option (3)".

TB Solution:

The logic followed here is:

Option 1) RTQV

Option 2) VXTZ

Option 3) NPMR

Option 4) XZWB

Here, 'VXTZ' is odd among the given options.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 2".

The logic followed here is:

Logic:

The arrow shows the shift in the pattern from 1 to 2:

The arrow shows the shift in pattern from diagrams 2 to 3 and C is changed to S

The arrow shows the shift in the pattern from 3 to 4:

The arrow shows the shift in pattern from diagrams 4 to 5 and 

 is changed to 

 as same shift that has been observed in step 2 to 3.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 4".

Given Equation: 49 - 6 ÷ 4 + 2 × 14 = ?

BODMAS Rule:

Decoding the given information:

 

Now replacing the sign from left to right using BODMAS Rule, we get:

49 + 6 × 4 ÷ 2 - 14

⇒ 49 + 6 × 2 - 14 

⇒ 49 + 12 - 14

⇒ 61 - 14 = 47

Hence, the correct option is "Option 1".

TB Solution:

The image embedded in given figure is as shown below:

Hence, "Option 3" is the correct answer.

The logic followed here is:

‘* ( )’ stands for ‘bread butter cake’

‘& ! *’ stands for ‘cake and cutter’

‘) (!’ stands for ‘bread and butter’

Here,

The ' * ' stands for cake.

Then, ‘ * ’ stands for 'Cake Cake Cake'.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 4".

The logic followed here is:

Logic: 2nd number  × ((2nd number × (2nd number + 1)) + 1) = 1st number.

Now,

For, 399 : 7

⇒ 7  × ((7 × (7 + 1)) + 1)

⇒ 7  × ((7 × 8) + 1)

⇒ 7  × (56 + 1)

⇒ 7  × 57 = 399

For, 584 : 8

⇒ 8  × ((8 × (8 + 1)) + 1)

⇒ 8  × ((8 × 9) + 1)

⇒ 7  × (72 + 1)

⇒ 8  × 73 = 584

Similarly, for  ? : 11

⇒ 11  × ((11 × (11 + 1)) + 1)

⇒ 11  × ((11 × 12) + 1)

⇒ 11  × (132 + 1)

⇒ 11  × 133 = 1463

Given equation: 286 ÷ 13 × 2 + 50 - 6 = 0

BODMAS Table: 

Let's check each option one by one.

Option 1) + and ×

Given: 286 ÷ 13 × 2 + 50 - 6 = 0

After interchanging the signs we get:

⇒ 286 ÷ 13 + 2 × 50 - 6 = 0

⇒ 22 + 2 × 50 - 6 = 0

⇒ 22 + 100 - 6 = 0

⇒ 122 - 6

⇒ 116 ≠ 0

⇒ LHS ≠ RHS

Option 2) + and -

Given: 286 ÷ 13 × 2 + 50 - 6 = 0

After interchanging the signs we get:

⇒ 286 ÷ 13 × 2 - 50 + 6 = 0

⇒ 22 × 2 - 50 + 6 = 0

⇒ 44 - 50 + 6 = 0

⇒ 50 - 50 = 0

⇒ LHS = RHS

Option 3) ÷ and ×

Given: 286 ÷ 13 × 2 + 50 - 6 = 0

After interchanging the signs we get:

⇒ 286 × 13 ÷ 2 + 50 - 6 = 0

⇒ 286 × 6.5 + 50 - 6 = 0

⇒ 1859 + 50 - 6 = 0

⇒ 1909 - 6 = 0

⇒ 1903 ≠ 0

⇒ LHS ≠ RHS

Option 4) - and ×

Given: 286 ÷ 13 × 2 + 50 - 6 = 0

After interchanging the signs we get:

⇒ 286 ÷ 13 - 2 + 50 × 6 = 0

⇒ 22 - 2 + 50 × 6 = 0

⇒ 22 - 2 + 300 = 0

⇒ 322 - 2

⇒ 320 ≠ 0

⇒ LHS ≠ RHS

The logic followed here is:

So, 'LSCK' will replace the question mark in the given series.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 4".

The logic followed here is:

So, '69' is the missing number in the given series.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 3".

The logic followed here is:

“he loves coffee“ is coded as 123

“coffee has caffeine” is coded as 245

“he coffee caffeine” is coded as 125

“caffeine is bad” is coded as 567

Here,

'he' is represented by '1'.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 1".

The logic followed here is:

So, '36' is the missing number in the given series.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 2".

The correct answer is 1910.

Key Points

• 1910 is the year when Bharatanatyam was banned by the British colonial government.
• The ban was part of the British policy to suppress Indian traditions and cultures.
• Bharatanatyam was seen as a vital expression of South Indian culture and spirituality.
• The ban led to the decline of temple dances and adversely affected the livelihoods of dancers.
• Efforts by Indian nationalists and revivalists in the 20th century helped to lift the ban and restore the dance form.

Additional Information

The correct answer is Odisha.

Key Points

• The annual award named after Guru Kelucharan Mohapatra is given by the state of Odisha.
• This award is a recognition of outstanding contributions in the field of art and culture, especially in dance and music.
• Guru Kelucharan Mohapatra was a legendary figure in the Indian classical dance form of Odissi.
• The award celebrates excellence and dedication towards preserving and promoting India's rich cultural heritage.

Additional Information

The correct answer is Italy.

Key Points

• Italy won the UEFA Euro Cup 2020 football title.
• The tournament was held in 2021 due to the COVID-19 pandemic but retained the name Euro 2020.
• Italy won the final by beating England in a penalty shootout after the match ended 1-1 in extra time.
• This victory marked Italy's second European Championship, their first since 1968.
• The final was held at Wembley Stadium in London, England.

Additional Information

• The UEFA European Championship, commonly referred to as the Euros, is the primary association football competition contested by the senior men's national teams of the members of the Union of European Football Associations (UEFA), determining the continental champion of Europe. Launched in 1960, it is held every four years.
• The competition is one of the most prestigious international tournaments in European football.

The correct answer is Sheikh Mujibur Rahman.

Key Points

• Sheikh Mujibur Rahman is known as the 'Father of Bangladesh'.
• He played a pivotal role in Bangladesh's struggle for independence from Pakistan in 1971.
• On March 7, 1971, Rahman delivered a historic speech that is considered the de facto declaration of Bangladesh's independence.
• He became the first President of Bangladesh and later its Prime Minister until his assassination in 1975.

Additional Information

The correct answer is 1916, 1940, 1944.

Key Points

• The Olympic Games were not held in 1916, 1940, and 1944 due to World War I and II.
• The 1916 Games were scheduled to be held in Berlin, but were canceled due to World War I.
• Both the 1940 and 1944 Games were canceled because of World War II; the 1940 Games had been planned for Tokyo and then Helsinki, and the 1944 Games were to be held in London.
• These cancellations marked the first times in the modern Olympic era that the Games were not held at four-year intervals.

Additional Information

The correct answer is Only Statement I is true.

Key Points

• Many of the Harappan or Indus Valley Civilization cities were indeed divided into two major parts.
• The "Higher Town" was often a fortified area, which typically housed the public buildings, administrative buildings, and the higher social classes.
• The "Lower Town" was where the majority of the populace lived, and it was well-planned with residential areas, markets, streets laid out in a grid pattern, and sophisticated drainage systems. Hence, statement I is correct.
• In the context of Harappan cities, it is the "Higher Town" or the raised platform part that is often referred to as the Citadel or Acropolis, not the lower part.
• The Citadel was usually the area that contained the major public buildings, administrative centers, and possibly religious buildings. Hence, statement II is incorrect.
• It was fortified and separated from the lower residential areas, indicating a distinction in social or functional use.

Important Points

• The earliest city discovered in India was Harappa.
• It was excavated in 1921 in the Punjab province of British India.
• After the excavation of Harappa as the first site, the Indus Valley Civilisation is also known as Harappan Civilisation hereafter.
• It was excavated by Daya Ram Sahni in 1921.
• It lies on the bank of river Ravi.

The correct answer is Assam.

Key Points

• Doul Utsav is a major festival celebrated in Assam.
• It is also known as "Holi of Assam" and is celebrated with great enthusiasm and fervor.
• The festival marks the onset of spring and is associated with the worship of Lord Krishna and Radha.
• During Doul Utsav, people participate in various cultural activities, including traditional dances, songs, and processions.

Additional Information

The correct answer is Plant.

Key Points

• Eukaryotic organisms have cells with a nucleus enclosed within membranes.
• Multicellular organisms are composed of more than one cell, with groups of cells differentiating to take on specialized functions.
• Autotrophic organisms can produce their own food through photosynthesis or chemosynthesis.
• Plants are eukaryotic, multicellular, and autotrophic, capable of photosynthesis using sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water to produce glucose and oxygen.

Additional Information

The correct answer is Holi.

Key Points

• Bhagoria is a festival associated with Holi.
• It is celebrated by the tribal communities, mainly the Bhils and the Bhilalas, in the Indian state of Madhya Pradesh.
• The festival is marked by traditional dances, songs, and cultural performances.
• Bhagoria festival is also known for its unique matchmaking tradition, where young men and women choose their life partners.

Additional Information

The correct answer is 9 + 0.

Key Points

• Centrioles are present in pairs and are arranged orthogonally after duplication, which is essential for cell division.
• Each centriole is composed of nine sets of triplet microtubules arranged in a cylinder.
• This 9 + 0 arrangement is crucial for the formation of the centrosome and spindle fibers during mitosis and meiosis.

Additional Information

• Centrioles play a key role in cell division, particularly in the process of mitosis and meiosis, where they help in the organization of the mitotic spindle.
• They are cylindrical structures that are found in most eukaryotic cells, though absent in higher plants and most fungi.
• The duplication of centrioles is a critical step in the cell cycle, ensuring that each daughter cell receives an appropriate number of centrioles.
• Abnormalities in centriole structure or number can lead to diseases, including cancer, due to errors in cell division.

The correct answer is Certiorari.

Key Points

• The writ of Certiorari is issued by the Supreme Court or High Courts to a lower court or tribunal either to transfer a case pending with them to itself or to squash the order of the lower courts on the grounds of excess of jurisdiction or lack of jurisdiction or error of law.
• This writ is a mechanism to ensure judicial review of administrative actions and to keep lower courts and tribunals within the bounds of their jurisdiction.
• It is not issued to administrative authorities, legislative bodies, and private individuals or bodies.
• The purpose of Certiorari is to ensure that the law is applied correctly and to prevent the miscarriage of justice due to jurisdictional errors.

Additional Information

The correct answer is Crystalline lens of people in old age becomes milky and cloudy.

Key Points

• Cataract development involves the clouding of the eye's crystalline lens, leading to decreased vision.
• This condition is most commonly related to aging, affecting a significant portion of the elderly population.
• Symptoms can include blurred vision, difficulty with bright lights, and seeing "halos" around lights.
• Treatment generally involves surgical removal of the cloudy lens and replacement with an artificial lens.

Additional Information

• Cataracts are the leading cause of blindness worldwide.
• Factors contributing to cataract formation include age, diabetes, smoking, alcohol use, and prolonged exposure to sunlight.
• Preventative measures include wearing sunglasses and hats outdoors to protect eyes from UV rays, and maintaining a healthy lifestyle to reduce the risk of diabetes.
• Advancements in cataract surgery have made it one of the most successful and life-changing procedures available.

The correct answer is Cooling effect of nail polish remover.

Key Points

• Cloth cleaning using detergent involves a chemical reaction where the detergent molecules interact with dirt and grease to remove them from the cloth.
• Ripening of mango is a chemical process where the fruit naturally produces ethylene gas, leading to changes in its texture and sweetness.
• Change of colour of turmeric due to soap is a chemical reaction, as the alkaline nature of soap changes the color of turmeric from yellow to red.
• Cooling effect of nail polish remover (usually containing acetone) is a physical process, not a chemical one. The cooling sensation is due to the rapid evaporation of acetone on the skin, which absorbs heat from the skin surface.

Additional Information

Key Points

• Asikni, known in ancient texts, is identified with the present-day Chenab River.
• It was one of the rivers in the Sapta-Sindhu region, which refers to the Indus Valley and its tributaries.
• The name "Asikni" translates to "black waters," reflecting the unique characteristics of the Chenab River.
• The Chenab River played a significant role in the agricultural and cultural development of the region.

Additional Information

The correct answer is Hindustan Copper Limited.

Key Points

• Hindustan Copper Limited (HCL) is the only vertically-integrated copper producer in India, covering the entire spectrum of mining, beneficiation, smelting, refining, and casting of refined copper metal.
• It plays a significant role in the Indian copper industry, contributing to more than half of India's copper production.
• Being a public sector enterprise, Hindustan Copper Limited is well positioned to leverage the growing demand for copper in India and internationally.
• Its operations include mining copper ore, refining it into copper cathodes, and then further processing into various copper products.

Additional Information

The correct answer is Prajapita Brahma Kumaris Ishwariya Vishwa Vidyalaya, Mount Abu.

Key Points

• In March 2023, the Union Social Justice and Empowerment Ministry signed a pact with Prajapita Brahma Kumaris Ishwariya Vishwa Vidyalaya, Mount Abu.
• The agreement aims to leverage the organization's leaders and supporters to advance the Nasha Mukt Bharat Abhiyaan (NMBA).
• NMBA is a central flagship programme designed to combat drug abuse and illicit trafficking.
• The collaboration highlights the government's approach to involve civil society organizations in addressing social challenges.

Additional Information

The correct answer is Kirana.

Key Points

• Pandit Bhimsen Joshi is a renowned figure in the world of Indian classical music, celebrated for his contributions to the Khayal genre.
• He belonged to the Kirana Gharana, which is known for its emphasis on the emotional expression in music, detailed alap (improvisation), and slow tempo renditions.
• The Kirana Gharana, to which Pandit Bhimsen Joshi belonged, has produced several other legendary musicians and is considered one of the most influential schools of music in India.
• His music was marked by his powerful voice, brilliant technique, and soulful renditions, making him one of the most respected and loved classical singers of India.

Additional Information

The correct answer is Senas.

Key Points

• The Sena dynasty was established by Samantasena, who claimed descent from the lunar dynasty.
• Vijayasena, the second ruler of the Sena dynasty, is credited with consolidating the dynasty's power in Bengal, succeeding the Palas.
• Under the Senas, Bengal witnessed a resurgence of Hinduism, in contrast to the Buddhist influence of the Palas.
• The Senas were known for their contributions to art and architecture, including the construction of temples and the promotion of literature.

Additional Information

The correct answer is Caterpillars.

Key Points

• Caterpillars in food represent a visible biological hazard, which can be seen with the naked eye, unlike microorganisms.
• Biological hazards in food include bacteria, viruses, parasites, fungi, and visible pests such as caterpillars that contaminate food.
• Visible hazards like caterpillars are easier to detect and remove compared to microscopic hazards, which require laboratory analysis.
• Preventing contamination from visible pests involves proper storage, handling, and processing of food to maintain its safety and quality.

Additional Information

The correct answer is Swadesh Darshan 2.0 (SD2.0).

Key Points

• The Swadesh Darshan Scheme (SDS) was launched in 2014-15 by the Ministry of Tourism, Government of India.
• Its primary aim is to develop theme-based tourist circuits in the country.
• In 2023, it was revamped as Swadesh Darshan 2.0 (SD2.0).
• This scheme focuses on the integrated development of tourist circuits around specific themes.
• SD2.0 aims to enhance the overall tourist experience, improve infrastructure, and promote local handicrafts, culture, and cuisine.

Additional Information

The correct answer is Kolkata.

Key Points

• Location: The project is located in Kolkata, West Bengal.
• Part of the Kolkata Metro: It is a significant extension of the Kolkata Metro, specifically the East-West Metro line.
• Underwater Section: The train runs through a tunnel that is beneath the Hooghly River, marking a significant achievement in Indian engineering.
• Enhanced Connectivity: It aims to significantly reduce travel time between Kolkata and Howrah, providing a fast, efficient, and eco-friendly mode of transportation.

Additional Information

• The Kolkata Metro is the first underground metro railway in India, operational since 1984.
• It is not just a mode of transportation but also a significant engineering marvel, showcasing advancements in tunneling and metro rail technology.
• The underwater metro tunnel is designed to withstand seismic activities and other natural calamities, ensuring the safety of its passengers.
• The project reflects India's growing capabilities in implementing complex infrastructure projects and improving urban mobility.

The correct answer is Science and Engineering.

Key Points

• Srinivas Varadhan was awarded the Padma Vibhushan in 2023.
• He was recognized for his exceptional and distinguished service in the field of Science and Engineering.
• The Padma Vibhushan is India's second-highest civilian award.
• It is awarded for exceptional and distinguished service in any field including service rendered by Government servants.

Additional Information

• Srinivas Varadhan is a renowned Indian-American mathematician.
• He is known for his fundamental contributions to probability theory and particularly for creating a unified theory of large deviations.
• Varadhan's work has applications in various fields such as quantum field theory, population dynamics, finance, and traffic flow.
• He has received several prestigious awards in mathematics, including the Abel Prize in 2007.
• Varadhan's contributions have significantly influenced the development of theoretical probability and its applications.

The correct answer is Kerela.

Key Points

• Mohiniyattam is a classical dance form that originates from Kerala, India.
• It is known for its graceful movements and is traditionally performed by women.
• The dance form embodies the essence of feminine love and devotion.

Additional Information

• Mohiniyattam translates to "Dance of the Enchantress" in English.
• It is one of the eight Indian classical dance forms recognized by the Sangeet Natak Academy.
• The dance is characterized by its delicate footwork and expressive eye movements.
• It traditionally tells stories from Hindu mythology, especially those centered around the Hindu god Vishnu and his avatar, Mohini.

The correct answer is Veda Samaj.

Key Points

• Chembeti Sridharalu Naidu was a prominent social reformer in India who made significant contributions to the social and educational landscape.
• He was associated with the Veda Samaj, which was an organization committed to the reform of Hindu society with a strong emphasis on the Vedas as a source of rational and ethical guidance.
• The Veda Samaj, like other socio-religious movements of the 19th century, aimed at eradicating social evils, promoting women's education, and opposing caste discrimination.
• Naidu's work with the Veda Samaj highlights the broader movement of social reform during the British Raj, where intellectuals sought to reinterpret religious texts and practices to align with modern values.

Additional Information

The correct answer is Aurelia.

Key Points

• The correct answer is Aurelia, which belongs to the phylum Coelenterata, also known as Cnidaria.
• Coelenterata (Cnidaria) includes marine animals that are distinguished by their radial symmetry, a central gastrovascular cavity, and the presence of cnidocytes (stinging cells).
• Aurelia, commonly known as the moon jellyfish, is a typical example of this phylum, showcasing the medusa form that these organisms can take.
• Members of Coelenterata can exhibit two main body forms: the sessile polyp and the free-swimming medusa, with Aurelia representing the latter.

Additional Information

The correct answer is Menander.

Key Points

• Menander I, also known as Milinda, was an Indo-Greek King who ruled in the Northwestern regions of South Asia during the 2nd century BCE.
• His reign is noted for the expansion of the Indo-Greek territories and for his patronage of Buddhist culture, which is famously recorded in the Buddhist text "Milinda Panha" or "The Questions of Milinda".
• Sialkot, located in present-day Pakistan, served as a significant center and possibly as his capital during his reign, highlighting the extent of Greek influence in the region.
• Menander's rule is often considered a golden age of Hellenistic influence in the East, combining Greek and Buddhist cultures, and fostering trade along the Silk Road.

Additional Information

The correct answer is Eighth Five-Year Plan.

Key Points

• India introduced structural adjustment policies before the launch of the Eighth Five-Year Plan, in response to its balance of payments crisis.
• The Eighth Five-Year Plan covered the period from 1992 to 1997, marking a significant shift in India's economic policy towards liberalization, privatization, and globalization.
• These policies aimed at making the Indian economy more market-oriented and expanding the role of private and foreign investment.
• Structural adjustments were part of broader economic reforms initiated in 1991, under the leadership of then Prime Minister P.V. Narasimha Rao and Finance Minister Dr. Manmohan Singh.

Additional Information

The correct answer is Ranjit Singh.

Key Points

• The Tripartite Treaty was signed in 1838 by Maharaja Ranjit Singh, Shah Shujah of Afghanistan, and the British East India Company.
• This treaty was aimed at placing Shah Shujah on the throne of Kabul with the help of Maharaja Ranjit Singh and the British.
• In exchange for his assistance, Ranjit Singh was recognized by the British and Shah Shujah as the legitimate ruler of the territories he had annexed.
• The treaty was a significant event in the lead-up to the First Anglo-Afghan War (1839-1842).
• It highlighted the British strategy of establishing a buffer state in Afghanistan between India and Russia.

Additional Information

The correct answer is 1923.

Key Points

• 1923 is the year when radio broadcasting started in India.
• It was initiated by the Radio Club of Bombay (now Mumbai).
• This marked the beginning of radio broadcasting in the country, which would later evolve into a major medium for communication and entertainment.
• The establishment of All India Radio (AIR) in 1936 further expanded the reach and significance of radio broadcasting in India.

Additional Information

• All India Radio (AIR), also known as Akashvani, is the national public radio broadcaster of India and a division of Prasar Bharati.
• AIR has been serving to inform, educate, and entertain the masses since its inception, reaching out to the remotest areas with news, music, and other programming in various languages.
• It operates a network of national, regional, and local stations to cover the vast geographical and cultural landscape of India.
• Radio has played a crucial role in disaster management, community development, and spreading awareness on various social and health issues in India.

The correct answer is William Hopkins.

Key Points

• The term physical geology was coined by William Hopkins.
• Physical geology focuses on understanding the physical aspects of the Earth, such as its materials, structures, and processes.
• William Hopkins was a renowned geologist and mathematician, contributing significantly to the field of geology.
• Physical geology serves as a foundation for other geological sub-disciplines, analyzing Earth's rocks, minerals, and the processes that change them over time.
• This field of study is crucial for understanding natural hazards, resource management, and environmental challenges.

Additional Information

The correct answer is Mangroves.

Key Points

• Mangroves covered 4,992 km2 of the total geographical area according to the India State of Forest Report 2021.
• Mangroves are crucial for coastal protection, biodiversity conservation, and as a carbon sink.
• Their unique root system helps in stabilizing coastlines and reducing erosion from storm surges, currents, waves, and tides.
• India's efforts in mangrove conservation have led to an increase in mangrove cover across several states.

Additional Information

• Mangroves are a type of coastal ecosystem found in tropical and subtropical regions around the world.
• They play a significant role in coastal defence and in supporting marine biodiversity.
• Mangroves are known for their ability to sequester large amounts of carbon, making them an important part of strategies to combat climate change.
• India has several significant mangrove forests, with the Sundarbans in West Bengal being one of the largest and most well-known.

The correct answer is 26 January 1930.

Key Points

• The Indian National Congress celebrated the first Independence Day in Colonial India on 26 January 1930.
• This date was chosen to commemorate the declaration of Purna Swaraj, meaning "complete self-rule" apart from British rule, which was declared on the same day in 1929.
• 26 January was later chosen as the Republic Day of India, marking the date in 1950 when the Constitution of India came into effect.
• The day was observed with meetings, demonstrations, and patriotic fervor across the country to demand Purna Swaraj or complete independence from British rule.

Additional Information

The correct answer is 50%.

Key Points

• The correct option is 2, which states that there is a limit of 0.5 on monthly loan repayment obligations of a household as a percentage of monthly household income.
• This limit is designed to ensure that low-income households do not overburden themselves with debt repayments, maintaining a balance between loan repayment and other household expenses.
• Non-microfinance loans refer to traditional personal or business loans that are not part of microfinance initiatives specifically aimed at low-income individuals or communities.
• This regulation helps in protecting the financial health of low-income households and ensures that lending practices are responsible and sustainable.

Additional Information

• Microfinance is a type of banking service that is provided to unemployed or low-income individuals or groups who otherwise would have no other means of gaining financial services. The goal of microfinance is to ultimately give impoverished people an opportunity to become self-sufficient.
• Microfinance services include microloans, savings programs, insurance, and training that can empower individuals and communities to build their own businesses or improve their livelihoods.
• Microfinance institutions (MFIs) play a crucial role in providing access to financial services to those who are excluded from traditional banking systems.
• The concept of microfinance was popularized by Muhammad Yunus, founder of the Grameen Bank in Bangladesh, for which he won the Nobel Peace Prize in 2006.
• Microfinance has been a critical tool in poverty reduction efforts and economic development in developing countries.

The correct answer is national parks.

Key Points

• Manas, Ranthambore, Kanha, and Sunderbans are all national parks in India, known for their diverse wildlife and conservation efforts.
• These parks are critical habitats for many species, including tigers, which are a key focus of conservation in these areas.
• Each park has its unique ecosystem and biodiversity. For example, Sunderbans is renowned for its mangrove forests and tiger population, while Kanha is famous for its meadows and significant population of Royal Bengal Tigers.
• National parks play a vital role in biodiversity conservation, providing protected areas where ecosystems can function naturally without human interference.

Additional Information

The correct answer is Kerala and Himachal Pradesh.

Key Points

• Kerala and Himachal Pradesh have the lowest percentage of population below the poverty line according to the Planning Commission of India (2011-12).
• This outcome is indicative of the effective social welfare schemes and higher human development indices in these states.
• Both states have invested significantly in health, education, and social welfare, contributing to poverty reduction.
• The Planning Commission's data is crucial for understanding regional disparities in poverty across India.

Additional Information

The correct answer is Nirmala Sitharaman.

Key Points

• Nirmala Sitharaman is the Union Minister of Corporate Affairs as of March 2023.
• She holds a significant portfolio in the Indian government, overseeing corporate regulation and promotion of better corporate governance.
• Sitharaman has previously served as the Defence Minister of India, showcasing her versatility and capability in handling different ministries.
• Her role involves implementing laws and regulations that enhance transparency, accountability, and the efficiency of corporate entities in India.

Additional Information

The correct answer is Mohenjo-daro.

Key Points

• The Great Bath was discovered at Mohenjo-daro, one of the most important urban settlements of the Indus Valley Civilization.
• It is considered one of the earliest public water tanks in the ancient world, reflecting the advanced urban planning and sophisticated hydraulic engineering of the Indus Valley Civilization.
• The Great Bath is made from finely fitted bricks and is waterproofed with a layer of bitumen, showcasing the advanced construction techniques of the time.
• This site was likely used for ritual bathing or religious ceremonies, indicating the social and religious practices of the people of the Indus Valley Civilization.

Additional Information

The correct answer is Tamil Nadu.

Key Points

• The sport name 'Jallikattu' is associated with Tamil Nadu.
• It is a traditional event held as part of Pongal celebrations.
• Participants attempt to grab the large hump on the bull's back with both arms and hang on to it while the bull tries to escape.
• The event is known for its rich cultural heritage and has been a subject of both controversy and passionate support within the country.

Additional Information

• Jallikattu is also known as Eruthazhuvuthal or Sallikkattu.
• The Supreme Court of India banned the practice in 2014 due to animal welfare issues, but the ban was later lifted in 2017 under certain conditions.
• The event symbolizes Tamil culture's ancient tradition, showcasing bravery and protecting livestock.
• It draws massive crowds and is a critical part of the Pongal festival, reflecting the agricultural background and ethos of Tamil Nadu.

The correct answer is The Guide.

Key Points

• The novel "The Guide" was written by RK Narayan, one of the most celebrated Indian authors known for his works set in the fictional South Indian town of Malgudi.
• "The Guide" was adapted into a Hindi film of the same name, directed by Vijay Anand and starring Dev Anand and Waheeda Rehman.
• The story revolves around a tour guide, Raju, who transforms into a spiritual guide and then into one of the greatest holy men of India.
• The film and the book, although sharing the same basic plot, differ in their treatment and character development, reflecting the director's vision and the medium's requirements.

Additional Information

The correct answer is Fleming’s right and left-hand rule, respectively.

Key Points

• Electric generators operate on the principle of Fleming’s right-hand rule, which is used to predict the direction of induced current when a conductor moves in a magnetic field.
• Electric motors work based on Fleming’s left-hand rule, which helps in determining the direction of force experienced by a current-carrying conductor in a magnetic field.
• The correct answer is option 4: Fleming’s right and left-hand rule, respectively, for generators and motors.
• These rules are essential for understanding the operation of many electromagnetic devices.

Additional Information

• Fleming’s Left and Right-Hand Rules are named after British engineer and physicist John Ambrose Fleming, who contributed significantly to the development of modern electronics and electrical engineering.
• These rules provide a simple and effective way to remember the direction of force, magnetic field, and current in electrical systems.

The correct answer is Gandak.

Key Points

• Trishulganga, a tributary, enriches the river Gandak with its waters.
• The Gandak River is a significant river in the Himalayan region, contributing to the Ganges River system.
• Trishulganga originates from the glaciers near the Trishul mountain in the Himalayas.
• The river Gandak plays a crucial role in the agriculture and ecology of the regions it flows through, including parts of Nepal and India.

Additional Information

The correct answer is Squash.

Key Points

• 'Let Ball', 'Stroke Ball', and 'No Let' are terms used in the game of Squash.
• A 'Let' is a decision by the referee to replay a point due to an accidental hindrance or safety concern.
• 'Stroke' is awarded if a player’s swing is impeded by their opponent, granting the point to the hindered player.
• 'No Let' is called if the referee believes the player could not have reached the ball, had there been no interference.

Additional Information

The correct answer is Khayal.

Key Points

• Pandit Bhimsen Joshi was a legendary figure in the world of Hindustani classical music, celebrated for his remarkable contributions.
• He was an exponent of the Khayal genre, which is a form of Hindustani classical singing known for its improvisation and flexibility, distinguishing itself from other classical forms with its intricate and expressive renditions.
• Khayal, which means "imagination" in Persian, allows performers to express their creativity and emotional depth through both the lyrics and the music.
• Pandit Bhimsen Joshi's performances were characterized by his powerful voice, technical skill, and deep emotional expression, making him one of the most revered Khayal vocalists of his time.

Additional Information

The correct answer is rally.

Key Points

• The term rally in table tennis refers to the period during which the ball is in play.
• This period starts from the service hit and continues until the ball is out of play.
• A rally can end in a point if one player fails to make a correct return or if the ball is not served correctly.
• The length of a rally can greatly vary, from just a few exchanges to an extended series of hits.

Additional Information

• Table tennis, also known as ping-pong, is a sport in which two or four players hit a lightweight ball back and forth across a table using small rackets.
• The sport originated in England during the late 19th century and was initially played among the upper-class as an after-dinner parlour game.
• It has been an Olympic sport since 1988, with several event categories including singles, doubles, and team events.
• Table tennis requires quick reflexes, precise movements, and strategic gameplay to outscore the opponent.

The correct answer is Arunachal Pradesh.

Key Points

• Arunachal Pradesh has the lowest population density among the options provided, as per the 2011 population census of India.
• Population density is calculated as the number of people per square kilometer.
• The state is located in the northeastern part of India, characterized by its mountainous terrain which contributes to its sparse population.
• Despite its large area, the total population is relatively low, leading to a low population density.
• Population density is a crucial indicator for understanding the distribution of the population in relation to the land area of a region or country.

Additional Information

The correct answer is Bharatanatyam.

Key Points

• Sonal Mansingh is a celebrated Indian classical dancer known primarily for her proficiency in Bharatanatyam.
• She has also mastered other dance forms such as Odissi, which showcases her versatility as a dancer.
• Mansingh was awarded the Padma Bhushan in 1992 and the Padma Vibhushan in 2003, recognizing her contributions to the field of Indian classical dance.
• Her performances are not just dance recitals but are often infused with themes of social and cultural relevance, blending artistry with activism.

Additional Information