SSC Stenographer 2023 Official Paper (Held On: 12 Oct, 2023 Shift 1) (Previous Year Paper)

Given: Seven people, A, B, C, D, E, F and G, are sitting in a straight row, facing north,

1. Only 2 people sit to the left of E.

2. G is an immediate neighbour of E.

3) Only 3 people sit between G and F → This Eliminates Case 1(Because, There is no possible position left for F)

4) B sits to the immediate right of F.

5. A sits to the immediate left of D.

So, C will sit at the extreme left end of the row.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option (3)".

The correct order of words as they would appear in the English dictionary is:

4. Fondant
5. Fonder
6. Fondled
7. Fondue
8. Fontanel
9. Fontina

The correct order is '4, 6, 3, 2, 5, 1'

Hence the correct answer is "Option (2)".

The position and positional values or English Alphabets are:

The logic followed here is:

For, ‘ACTION’ is written as ‘DFWFLK’,

For, ‘BISHOP’ is written as ‘ELVELM’

Similarly, for ‘MATTER’

So, ‘MATTER’ will be written as 'PDWQBO'

Hence, the correct answer is "Option (4)".

The position of letters according to the English alphabet series:

The pattern followed here is:

So, "XVT" will replace the question mark (?) in the given series.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option (4)".

Given: 1^st January 2017 was Sunday

Now, the year 2016 was a leap year.

So, the number of days in 2016 = 366 days

And the total number of odd days = 366/7 = 52 weeks and 2 odd days.

Now, The days 2 days before Sunday = Sunday - 2 = Friday

So, The day on 1^st January 2016 = Friday

Hence, the correct answer is "Option (3)".

The positions of letter according to the English alphabet series:

The logic follows here is:

Option 1): GLP

Option 2): BEJ

Option 3): KNS

Option 4): QTY

The logic followed in Option (1) is different from others

Hence, the correct answer is "Option (1)".

Given:

Point A is 30 m to the east of Point B.

Point C is 43 m to the south of Point A.

Point C is 45 m to the east of Point D.

Point E is 14 m to the south of Point D.

Point F is 35 m to the east of Point E.

 

So, Point B is North-west of Point F.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option (2)".

BODMAS Table: 

Let's check each option one by one.

Given equation: [{(82 + 22) - (6 × 2)} ÷ (2 - 4)] × 2 = 24

Option 1) - and +

After interchanging the sign we get;

⇒ [{(82 - 22) + (6 × 2)} ÷ (2 + 4)] × 2 = 24

⇒ [{60 + 12} ÷ 6] × 2 = 24

⇒ [72 ÷ 6] × 2 = 24

⇒ 12 × 2 = 24

⇒ 24 = 24

⇒ LHS = RHS

Option 2) ÷ and +

After interchanging the numbers we get;

⇒ [{(82 ÷ 22) - (6 × 2)} + (2 - 4)] × 2 = 24

⇒ [{3.73 - 12} + (-2)] × 2 = 24

⇒ [{-8.27} + (-2)] × 2 = 24

⇒ [-10.27] × 2 = 24

⇒ -20.54 ≠ 24

⇒ LHS ≠ RHS

Option 3) ÷ and ×

After interchanging the numbers we get;

⇒ [{(82 + 22) - (6 ÷ 2)} × (2 - 4)] ÷ 2 = 24

⇒ [{104 - 3} × (-2)] ÷ 2 = 24

⇒ [101 × (-2)] ÷ 2 = 24

⇒ [-202] ÷ 2 = 24 

⇒ -101 ≠ 24 

⇒ LHS ≠ RHS

Option 4) + and ×

After interchanging the numbers we get;

⇒ [{(82 × 22) - (6 + 2)} ÷ (2 - 4)] + 2 = 24

⇒ [{1804 - 8} ÷ (-2)] + 2 = 24

⇒ [1796 ÷ (-2)] + 2 = 24

⇒ -898 + 2 = 24

⇒ -896 ≠ 24

⇒ LHS ≠ RHS

Hence, the correct answer is "Option (1)".

Given Statements:

1. Some mammals are animals.
2. All animals are birds.

The least possible Venn diagram for the given statement is:

Conclusions:

1. All birds are animals - False (Because, some parts of birds are animals, so this can be a possibility only)
2. Some mammals are birds - True (Because, those parts of mammals which are animals, are also part of Birds.)

So, only conclusion II follows.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option (1)".

The logic followed here is:

So, '287' will replace the question mark (?) in the given series.

Hence, the correct answer is **"**Option (4)".

The logic followed here is:

Logic: Multiple of 15 is adding here.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 3".

Given: 

Salman starts from his office and drives 29 km towards South. 

he turns right and drives 16 km.

again, he turns right and drives 29 km.

Finally, he turns right and drives 13 km. 

Thus, distance from start pointing in a straight line is "3 km".

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 3".

Given equation: 14 × 4 ÷ 10 + 10 – 20 = 2

BODMAS Table: 

Let's check each option one by one.

Option 1) 2, 10

Given: 14 × 4 ÷ 10 + 10 – 20 = 2

After interchanging the numbers, we get.

⇒ 14 × 4 ÷ 2 + 2 - 20 = 10

⇒ 14 × 2 + 2 - 20 = 10

⇒ 28 + 2 - 20 = 10

⇒ 30 - 20 = 10

⇒10 = 10

Option 2) 2, 14

Given: 14 × 4 ÷ 10 + 10 – 20 = 2

After interchanging the numbers, we get.

⇒ 2 × 4 ÷ 10 + 10 – 20 = 14

⇒ 2 × 0.4 + 10 - 20 = 14

⇒ 0.8 + 10 - 20 = 14

⇒ 10.8 -20 = 14

⇒ 9.2 ≠ 14.

Option 3) 10, 20 

Given: 14 × 4 ÷ 10 + 10 – 20 = 2

After interchanging the numbers, we get.

⇒ 14 × 4 ÷ 20 + 20 - 20 = 2

⇒ 14 × 0.5 + 20 - 20 = 2

⇒ 7 + 20 - 20 = 2

⇒ 27 - 20 = 2

⇒ 7 ≠ 2

Option 4) 4, 20

Given: 14 × 4 ÷ 10 + 10 – 20 = 2

After interchanging the numbers, we get.

⇒ 14 × 20 ÷ 10 + 10 – 4 = 2

⇒ 14 × 2 + 10 - 4 = 2

⇒ 28 + 10 - 4 = 2

⇒ 28 - 4 = 2

⇒ 24 ≠ 2

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 1".

The logic followed here is:

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 1".

Family Chart:

Decoding the Symbols:

 

Given: ‘C + M – S × K – T ÷ Q’

It means: C is brother of M. M is mother of S. S is husband of K. K is mother of T. T is sister of Q.

Q is the husband of T → False (Because, T is Sister of Q, and T's gender is not defined).

M is the father's mother of Q → True

C is the mother’s brother of S → True

S is the father of Q → True

Thus, Q is the husband of T is incorrect.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 3".

The triangles are:

So, there are '15' triangles in the given figure.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 2".

The image embedded in given figure is as shown below:

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 3".

The logic followed here is:

Logic: (First number + Second number) ÷ 2 = Third number.

For, (6, 12, 9)

⇒ (6 + 12) ÷ 2 = 9

⇒ 18 ÷ 2 = 9

⇒ 9 = 9

For, (7, 23, 15)

⇒ (7 + 23) ÷ 2 = 15 

⇒ 30 ÷ 2 = 15 

⇒ 15 = 15

Let's check with options:

Option 1) (14, 12, 13)

⇒ (14 + 12) ÷ 2 = 13

⇒ 26 ÷ 2 = 13 

⇒ 13 = 13.

Option 2) (15, 7, 8)

⇒ (15 + 7) ÷ 2 = 8

⇒ 22 ÷ 2 = 8

⇒ 11 ≠ 8

Option 3) (12, 20, 8)

⇒ (12 + 20) ÷ 2 = 8

⇒ 32 ÷ 2 = 8

⇒ 16 ≠ 8

Option 4) (20, 40, 60)

⇒ (20 + 40) ÷ 2 = 60

⇒ 60 ÷ 2 =60

⇒ 30 ≠ 60.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 1"

The logic followed here is:

Logic: (Square of first number - 5 = Second number).

For, 15 : 220

⇒ (15)² - 5 = 220

⇒ 225 - 5 = 220

⇒ 220 =220

For, 10 : 95

⇒ (10)2 - 5 = 95

⇒ 100 - 5 = 95

⇒ 95 = 95

Similarly,

For, 12 : ?

⇒ (12)2 - 5 =?

⇒ 144 - 5 = ?

⇒ 139

Thus, 139 will be replace the question mark "?".

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 2".

The logic followed here is: 

Logic: Shaded part of the image increased by one step in each image.

So, complete series will be:

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 1",

Given: Seven people Tanu, Rano, Beena, Shirin, Kanak, Aditya and Anshul are sitting in a straight row, facing north. 

1)  Only two people sit to the left of Tanu.

2. Only three people sit between Tanu and Rano. 

3)  Beena sits second to the right of Shirin.

4. Beena is an immediate Neighbour of Rano.

5) Kanak sits to the immediate right of Aditya.

6) And, Anshul will sit at the remaining place.

Thus, Rano sits at the extreme right end of the row.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 1".

Given Statement:  D = B > C = F and F < B = E < A

Now, Let's check it one by one.

Option 1) A < F → False (F < B = E < A It gives A > F).

Here, A < F is not correct as per given statement.

Option 2) F < E → True (F < B = E It gives F < E).

Option 3) E = D → True (D = B > C = F and F < B = E < A It gives D = E).

Option 4) A > C → True (D = B > C = F and F < B = E < A It gives A > C).

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 1".

Given Equation: 7 − 12 + 72 × 3 ÷ 11 = ?

BODMAS Rule:

Decoding the given information:

 

Now replacing the sign from left to right using BODMAS Rule, we get:

⇒ 7 × 12 - 72 ÷ 3 + 11 = ?

⇒  7 × 12 - 24 + 11 = ?

⇒ 84 - 24 + 11 = ?

⇒ 95 - 24 =71

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 4".

The logic followed here is:

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 4".

All holders are hangers.

All hangers are hammers.

Some hammers are axes.

The least possible Venn diagram for the given statement is:

Conclusions:

I. Some axes are hangers - False (Because, No definite relation given between axes and hammers, so it can be possible only).

II. Some hammers are holders - **True (**Because, All holders are hammers, it also means Some holders are hammers).

III. Some hangers are holders - True (Because, All holders are hammers, it also means Some hangers are holders).

Thus, Only conclusions II and III follow.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 2".

Given Equation: (43 × 23 -(4 ÷ 3)) + (12 - 4) ÷ 3

BODMAS Rule:

Decoding the given information:

 

Now replacing the sign from left to right using BODMAS Rule, we get:

⇒ (43 - 23 +(4 × 3)) ÷ (12 + 4) × 3 = ?

⇒ (43 -23 + 12) ÷ (12 + 4) × 3 = ?

⇒ (55 - 23) ÷ 16 × 3 = ? 

⇒ 32 ÷ 16 × 3 = ? 

⇒ 2 × 3 = 6

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 3".

Logic followed here is:

Logic: (First number × 3 + Second number) + 1 = Third number.

Given:

(4, 10, 23)

⇒ (4 × 3 +10) + 1 = 23

⇒ (12 + 10) + 1 = 23

⇒ 23 = 23

(8, 22, 47)

⇒ (8 × 3 +22) + 1 = 47

⇒ (24 + 22) + 1 = 47

⇒ 47 = 47

Now, checking the options:

Option 1) (6, 16, 29)

⇒ (6× 3 + 16) + 1 = 29

⇒ (18 + 16) + 1 = 29

⇒ 35 ≠ 29.

Option 2) (5, 13, 23) 

⇒ (5 × 3 + 13) + 1 = 23

⇒ (15 + 13) + 1 = 23 

⇒ 28 ≠ 23 

option 3) (10, 28, 53)

⇒ (10 × 3 + 28) + 1= 53

⇒ (30 + 28) + 1 = 53

⇒59 ≠ 53

option 4) (7, 19, 41) 

⇒ (7 × 3 + 19) + 1 = 41

⇒ (21 +19) + 1 = 41

⇒ 41 = 41.

Hence, the correct answer is " Option 4".

Given statement:

Some blankets are quilts.

Some quilts are bedsheets.

The least possible Venn diagram for the given statement is:

Conclusion:

I. All quilts are blankets - False (Because, some blankets are quilts, so it can be possible only).

II. All blankets are bedsheets - False (Because, some bedsheets are blankets, so it can be possible only).

Thus, Neither conclusion I nor II follows.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 2".

The logic followed here is:

Logic: The First word is final product, and second word is raw material.

For, Sack : Jute

Sack is made by Jute.

Similarly,

Basket is made by Bamboo.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 1".

The image embedded in given figure is as shown below:

Hence, "Option 1" is the correct answer.

LOGIC: Instrument : Measure

Clock is an instrument used to measure and display time.

Similarly;

Compass is an instrument used to determine direction.

Hence, the correct answer is "Compass : Direction".

The logic followed here is:

In this, two logic are following in alternate figure.

So, the complete series will be:

So, 'Option 1' will replace the question mark.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 1".

The logic followed here is:

So, 'SOUE' will replace the question mark in the given series.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 2".

TB Solution:

The logic followed here is:

For, ‘EXIST is written as FYHTU’,

For, 'ABOVE is written as BCNWF',

Similarly, for 'WORLD'

So, 'WORLD' will be written as 'XPQME'.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 1".

Given Statements:

All breads are cakes.

Some cakes are pastries.

All pastries are toffees.

The least possible Venn diagram for the given statement is:

Conclusions:

I.  All cakes are toffees. - False (Because, No definite relation given between cake and toffees, so it can be possible only).

II. No bread is a pastry - False (Because, No definite relation given between breads and pastries

and there is no negative statement given, so it can be possible only).

So, Neither conclusion I nor II follow.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 1".

The logic followed here is:

So, '143' is the missing number in the given series.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 4".

The logic followed here is:

Logic: Each figure has dots that are increasing by +2 in each successive figure.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 2".

Family Chart:

Decoding the Symbols:

 

Given: A ÷ C × B + Q – Z

It means: A is husband of C, C is daughter of B, B is mother of Q, Q is father of Z.

So, Q is the 'Wife's brother' of A.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 3".

Given equation: 28 A 14 A 12 A 6 A 4 A 3 A 4

BODMAS Table: 

Let's check each option one by one.

Option 1) +,  ̶ , ÷, ×, =, + 

Given: 28 A 14 A 12 A 6 A 4 A 3 A 4 

After replace the signs we get;

⇒ 28 +14 - 12 ÷ 6 × 4 = 3 + 4 

⇒ 28 +14 - 2 × 4 = 3 + 4 

⇒ 28 +14 - 8 = 3 + 4 

⇒ 42-8  = 7

⇒ 34 ≠ 7

⇒ LHS ≠ RHS

Option 2)  ̶ , +, ×, =, ÷, +

Given: 28 A 14 A 12 A 6 A 4 A 3 A 4

After interchanging the signs we get;

⇒ 28 - 14 + 12 × 6 = 4 ÷ 3 + 4

⇒ 28 - 14 + 12 × 6 = 1.33 + 4

⇒ 28 - 14 + 72 = 1.33 + 4

⇒ 100 - 14 = 5.33

⇒ 86 ≠ 5.33

⇒ LHS ≠ RHS

Option 3)  ̶ , +, ÷, =, ×, +

Given: 28 A 14 A 12 A 6 A 4 A 3 A 4

After interchanging the signs we get;

⇒ 28 - 14 + 12 ÷ 6 = 4 × 3 + 4

⇒ 28 - 14 + 2 = 4 × 3 + 4

⇒ 28 - 14 + 2 = 12 + 4

⇒ 28 - 14 + 2 = 12 + 4

⇒ 30 - 14 = 16

⇒ 16 = 16

⇒ LHS = RHS

Option 4)  ̶ , +, ÷, ×, =, +

Given: 28 A 14 A 12 A 6 A 4 A 3 A 4

After interchanging the signs we get;

⇒ 8 - 14 + 12 ÷ 6 × 4 = 3 + 4

⇒ 8 - 14 + 2 × 4 = 3 + 4

⇒ 8 - 14 + 8 = 3 + 4

⇒ 16 - 14 = 7

⇒ 2 ≠ 7

⇒ LHS ≠ RHS

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 3".

The image embedded in given figure is as shown below:

Hence, "Option 1" is the correct answer.

The logic followed here is:

So, '99' is the missing number in the given series.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 2".

The correct order representing the educational journey from early childhood to tertiary education is:

4. Kindergarten (Early childhood education)

5. Primary school (Elementary education)

6. Secondary school (Middle and high school education)

7. Senior secondary school (Final years of high school)

8. College (Tertiary education)

Hence, "4, 2, 3, 1, 5" is the correct answer.

The image embedded in the given figure is as shown below:

Hence, "Option 2" is the correct answer.

Given Equation: 11 B 10 D 18 A 3 C 8 = ?

BODMAS Rule:

Decoding the given information:

 

Now replacing the sign from left to right using the BODMAS Rule, we get: 

11 × 10 - 18 ÷ 3 + 8 = ?

⇒ 11 × 10 - 6 + 8 = ?

⇒ 110 - 6 + 8 = ?

⇒ 118 - 6 = 112

Hence, the correct option is "Option 1".

The logic followed here is:

Option 1) GTMN

Option 2) HSNM

Option 3) EVKP

Option 4) JRPV

Here, 'JRPV' is odd among the given options.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 4".

The logic followed here is:

Logic: (2^nd number)³ × (2^nd number -1) = 1^st number.

Now,

For, 54 : 3

⇒ (3)³ × (3 -1)

⇒ 27 × 2 = 54

For, 500 : 5

⇒ (5)3 × (5 -1)

⇒ 125 × 4 = 500

Similarly, for, ? : 4

⇒ (4)³ × (4 -1)

⇒ 64 × 3 = 192.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 3"

Logic: 2^nd number × {(2^nd number)² - (2^nd number + 1)}  = 1^st number.

Now,

For, 44 : 4

⇒ 4 × (4² - 5)

⇒ 4 × 11 = 44

For, 287 : 7

⇒ 7 × (72 - 8)

⇒ 7 × 41 = 287

Similarly, for ? : 10

⇒ 10 × (102 - 11)

⇒ 10 × 89 = 890.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 4".

The paper after unfolded will be:

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 3".

Given: A, B, C, D, E, F, and G are of different heights.

1. A is taller than only two people.

__ > __ > __ > __ > A > __ > __

2. D is shorter than only G.

G > D > __ > __ > A > __ > __

3. F is taller than A but shorter than B.

G > D > B > F > A > __ > __

4. C is shorter than E.

G > D > B > F > A > E > C

So, only one person is shorter than E

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 3".

The logic followed here is:

Logic: (1^st number - 3^rd number)² = 2^nd number.

For (30, 625, 5)

(30 - 5)² = 625.

For (20, 225, 5)

(20 - 5)2 = 225.

Now, checking the options:

Option 1) (19, 122, 7) 

⇒ (19 - 7)² 

⇒ 12²

⇒ 144 ≠ 225

Option 2) (21, 297, 6)

⇒ (21 - 6)2 

⇒ 152 

⇒ 225 ≠ 297

Option 3) (32, 280, 5)

⇒ (32 - 5)2

⇒   272 

⇒ 729 ≠ 280

Option 4) (24, 256, 8)

⇒ (24 - 8)2 

⇒ 16² = 256

Hence, the correct option is "Option 4"

The Correct Answer is Fifth five-year Plan.

Key Points

• Fifth Five-Year Plan
• The Fifth Five-Year Plan of India, which spanned from 1974 to 1979, emphasized the goals of Removal of Poverty (Garibi Hatao) and Self-Reliance.
• These objectives were in response to the needs of the time, aiming to address widespread poverty and improve the country's economic independence.
• The slogan "Garibi Hatao" became a rallying cry for the then Prime Minister Indira Gandhi's government, symbolizing a commitment to elevating the living standards of India's poor.
• The plan also focused on agricultural and rural development, recognising their importance in achieving the twin goals of poverty removal and self-reliance.

   

Additional Information

The correct answer is Assam.

Key Points

• Sattriya is a classical dance form originating in Assam.
• It was introduced in the 15^th century by the great Assamese Vaishnav saint and reformer, Srimanta Sankardeva.
• This dance was initially performed in Satras or monasteries as a part of the daily rituals or to mark special festivals.
• Sattriya combines elements of dance, drama, and music to narrate mythological stories.

Additional Information

The Correct Answer is Archery.

Key Points

• LIMBA RAM
• Limba Ram is an eminent figure in the sport of archery, known for his exceptional skill and contributions.
• He has represented India in multiple international competitions, including the Olympics, bringing fame to the country through his performances.
• Limba Ram has set and broken several national and international records during his career in archery.
• His dedication to archery has inspired many young athletes in India to pursue the sport professionally.

Additional Information

The correct match is option 3

Key Points

• Oxygen is the most abundant element found in the earth's crust.
• It accounts for 47% of the Earth Crust.
• The second most abundant mineral in the crust is Silicon.
• ​Silicon is second most abundant element in the Earth's crust, and accounts for 28% of the crust’s mass.
• Silicon is an essential material in the manufacture of electronics and computer chips.
• Aluminum is the third most common element in the Earth's crust with 8% of the crust’s mass.
• Aluminum and aluminum alloys have a variety of uses from kitchen foil to rocket manufacturing.
• Iron is the fourth most abundant element, constituting about 5% of the crust.

Additional Information

The Correct Answer is Wheat Revolution.

Key Points

• Context: India faced frequent food shortages in the 1960s.
• Green Revolution: A government initiative to increase agricultural production through:
• High-yielding varieties of wheat and rice seeds.
• Improved irrigation infrastructure.
• Use of fertilizers and pesticides.
• Indira Gandhi's Role:
• Prime Minister during the Green Revolution's peak.
• Championed the initiative, providing subsidies and support to farmers.
• Stamp Release (July 1968): "Wheat Revolution" stamp to mark the success of wheat production increase.

Impact:

• Increased wheat production, leading to India achieving self-sufficiency in food grains by the 1980s.
• Reduced dependence on food imports.
• However, the Green Revolution also had drawbacks like environmental concerns and widening social inequalities.

The correct answer is option 3.

Key Points

• Harappan cities had a well-planned drainage system where the waste water ran through small streams near the house.
• Small streams were built under the streets.Hence, statement 1 is incorrect.
• These small drains from houses were connected to a **large underground drain.**Hence, statement 2 is correct.

Additional Information

The Correct Answer is Tabla.

Key Points

• Ustad Allarakha Qureshi
• Ustad Allarakha Qureshi, commonly known as Alla Rakha, was an Indian tabla player who gained international fame and significantly contributed to the popularity of the tabla.
• He was a frequent accompanist of sitar maestro Ravi Shankar and played an instrumental role in bringing Indian classical music to the global stage.
• Alla Rakha's performances were known for their rhythm, speed, and complexity, showcasing the tabla as a versatile and expressive instrument.
• Through his innovative playing style and teaching, he inspired a generation of tabla players, including his sons Zakir Hussain, Fazal Qureshi, and Taufiq Qureshi.

 

Additional Information

The correct answer is 40

Key Points

• The 73^rd Constitutional Amendment Act, 1992 fulfilled the constitutional obligation stated in Article 40.
• This amendment added a new Part IX to the Constitution, which is entitled as "The Panchayats" and consists of provisions from Articles 243 to 243-O.
• It provided a constitutional status to the Panchayati Raj institutions for more effective and efficient functioning.
• It mandated the creation of Panchayats at three levels: village, intermediate, and district levels.
• It also introduced a system of reservations for Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes, and women in the Panchayat bodies.

Additional Information

The Correct Answer is Article 66.

Key Points

• Article 66
• Article 66 of the Indian Constitution deals with the election of the Vice President.
• The Vice President is elected by the members of an electoral college consisting of the members of both Houses of Parliament.
• This election process is indirect, as common citizens do not participate in it.
• The Vice President serves as the ex-officio Chairman of the Rajya Sabha (Council of States).
• The Vice President may act as the President of India in the absence of the President due to resignation, removal, death, or otherwise.

Additional Information

The Correct Answer is Patanjali.

Key Points

• Mahabhashya
• The "Mahabhashya" is a monumental work on grammar and linguistics.
• It was written by Patanjali, an ancient Indian scholar.
• This work is a commentary on Panini's Ashtadhyayi, which is considered the foundational text of Sanskrit grammar.
• Patanjali's Mahabhashya not only elucidates Panini's rules but also provides insights into the language and philosophy of the time.

Additional Information

The Correct Answer Kuchipudi.

Key Points

• Kuchipudi
• Guru Vempati Chinna Satyam is celebrated for his contributions to Kuchipudi, a classical dance form from Andhra Pradesh, India.
• He played a pivotal role in popularizing Kuchipudi on the global stage, transforming it from a dance-drama tradition to a solo performance art.
• Under his guidance, hundreds of students have mastered the art of Kuchipudi, thereby ensuring the continuity and growth of this dance form.
• His efforts earned him the prestigious Padma Bhushan award, recognizing his significant contributions to the field of Indian classical dance.

Additional Information

The Correct Answer isPernicious anaemia.

Key Points

• Pernicious anemia is a condition in which the body can't make enough healthy red blood cells because it lacks vitamin B12.
• The immune system mistakenly attacks the stomach cells that produce intrinsic factor, a protein necessary for the absorption of vitamin B12.
• Without intrinsic factor, vitamin B12 can't be absorbed and utilized by the body, leading to a deficiency.
• This autoimmune response primarily affects the gastric mucosa, where the intrinsic factor is produced.

Additional Information 

The Correct Answer is original jurisdiction.

Key Points

• Article-131: Original Jurisdiction
• The SC (as a federal court of India) possesses Original jurisdiction to decide the disputes arising between different units of the Indian Federation like:
• Centre and one or more states; or
• Centre & any state(s) on one side and one or more states on the other; or
• Two or more states.

Additional Information

• Advisory Jurisdiction - 
• The Constitution under Article 143 authorises the President to seek the opinion of the Supreme Court in the two categories of matters:
• On any question of law or fact of public importance which has arisen or which is likely to arise.
• On any dispute arising out of any pre-constitution treaty, agreement, covenant, engagement, sanador other similar instruments.​
• Appellate Jurisdiction - 
• ​​The Supreme Court is primarily a court of appeal and hears appeals against the judgements of the lower courts. It enjoys a wide appellate jurisdiction which can be classified under four heads:

1. Appeals in constitutional matters
2. Appeals in civil matters
3. Appeals in criminal matters
4. Appeals by special leave​

• Writ Jurisdiction - 
• The Supreme Court is empowered to issue writs, including habeas corpus, mandamus, prohibition, quo-warranto and certiorari for the enforcement of the fundamental rights of an aggrieved citizen.
• In this regard, the Supreme Court has original jurisdiction in the sense that an aggrieved citizen can go directly to the Supreme Court, not necessarily by way of appeal.
• However, the writ jurisdiction of the Supreme Court is not exclusive. The High Courts are also empowered to issue writs for the enforcement of the Fundamental Rights.​

The correct answer is Chhattisgarh and Jharkhand

Key Points

• The states of Chhattisgarh and Jharkhand have the highest percentage of the population below the poverty line, according to the Planning Commission of India (2011-2012).
• This is due to a combination of factors, including lack of access to education and employment opportunities, as well as high levels of corruption and inequality.
• In 2011-12, approximately 39.9% of the population in Chhattisgarh lived below the poverty line.
• Jharkhand also faces significant poverty, with a rate of 36.96% in 2011-12

Additional Information

• Poverty estimates for 2011-12 by  Planning Commission:-
• For 2011-12, for rural areas, the national poverty line using the Tendulkar methodology is estimated at Rs. 816 per capita per month and Rs. 1,000 per capita per month in urban areas. • The percentage of persons below the Poverty Line in 2011-12 has been estimated as 25.7% in rural areas, 13.7% in urban areas, and 21.9% for the country as a whole.
• In 2011-12, India had 270 million persons below the Tendulkar Poverty Line as compared to 407 million in 2004-05, which is a reduction of 137 million persons over the seven-year period.

The Correct Answer is Eicosane.

Key Points

• Eicosane, a hydrocarbon with the formula C₂₀H₄₂, is an unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbon.
• It is widely used in the production of candles and paraffin wax due to its excellent properties for solidification and energy storage.
• Its molecular structure, consisting of 20 carbon atoms, makes it suitable for solar energy storage applications, where it can absorb, store, and release solar energy.
• The use of eicosane in these applications is because of its phase change properties, which are highly efficient for thermal energy storage.

Additional Information 

The correct answer is Genetic

Key Points

• The Genetic industry is involved in the               reproduction and multiplication of plant and animal species for commercial purposes.
• It plays a crucial role in biotechnology and agriculture, focusing on genetic modification and selective breeding.
• These industries produce genetically modified crops, livestock, and other organisms that offer higher yields and are sometimes resistant to pests and diseases.
• They contribute significantly to food security, medical research, and environmental sustainability.
• The industry's practices include cloning, gene editing, and the use of recombinant DNA technology.

Additional Information

The Correct Answer is Land Revenue.

Key Points 

• The Vijayanagar Empire, one of the most prosperous empires in the history of South India, heavily relied on agriculture, making land revenue its primary source of income.
• Due to its fertile lands and well-developed irrigation systems, the empire was able to produce an abundance of crops, which contributed significantly to its economy.
• The administrative system of the Vijayanagar Empire was highly efficient in collecting taxes and revenues from the land, which were then used for the empire's development and expansion.
• Apart from land revenue, the Vijayanagar Empire also earned income through trade, but land revenue remained the cornerstone of its economic strength.

Additional Information 

The Correct Answer isMajor Dhyanchand.

Key Points 

• 'Goal' is the autobiography of Major Dhyan Chand, a legendary figure in Indian and world hockey.
• Major Dhyan Chand is often referred to as the "Wizard of Hockey" for his extraordinary goal-scoring feats.
• He led India to three Olympic gold medals in 1928, 1932, and 1936.
• His autobiography, 'Goal', details his life, his passion for hockey, and the journey of Indian hockey during his playing days.

Additional Information

The correct answer is Increase

Key Points

• When the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) decides to decrease the repo rate, it reduces the cost at which banks can borrow money from it.
• This reduction in borrowing costs is intended to encourage banks to lend more to businesses and consumers.
• As banks increase lending, the overall money supply in the economy increases, which can help stimulate economic growth.
• An increase in money supply typically leads to lower interest rates, making loans cheaper for borrowers.
• This policy action can be used by the RBI as a tool to combat economic slowdowns by encouraging spending and investment.

Additional Information

The Correct answer is January 1, 1949.

Key Points 

• The Reserve Bank of India was nationalised on Sat Jan 01 1949.
• This move was part of India's efforts to control the economy post-independence.
• Prior to its nationalisation, the RBI was privately owned.
• The nationalisation of the RBI marked a significant step in the development of India's financial sector.

Additional Information 

The Correct Answer is Stratosphere.

Key Points 

• The ozone layer is primarily located in the lower portion of the stratosphere, from approximately 20 to 30 kilometers above Earth, although its thickness varies seasonally and geographically.
• Ozone molecules absorb ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the Sun, particularly harmful UVB-type rays, thus protecting living organisms on Earth from these dangerous rays.
• The presence of the ozone layer is crucial for life on Earth as it prevents most of the Sun's high-frequency ultraviolet radiation from reaching the planet's surface.
• Human activities have caused ozone depletion, particularly by releasing chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) into the atmosphere, leading to the creation of the ozone hole over Antarctica.

Additional Information 

The correct anser is option 3.

Key Points

• Gir National Park 
• Indian Lions or Asiatic lion is one of the five big cat species, found in India,
• A single population exists in the Gir National Park of Gujarat state.
• The scientific name of the Asiatic lion is Panthera Leo Persica.
• It is listed as endangered species under the red list in the IUCN list.
• Rajaji National National Park, most famous for its elephant population.
• Located at the Himalayan foothills, near Haridwar, Rishikesh and Dehradun, with Ganga and Song rivers, flowing through it.
• In 1983, three sanctuaries in Uttarakhand - Rajaji, Motichur and Chilla - were amalgamated into a large protected area and named Rajaji National Park.
• This area is the north-western limit of Asian elephants.
• Keoladeo National Park
• It is located in the Bharatpur district of Rajasthan. It is formerly known as the Bharatpur Bird Sanctuary.
• This site was declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1985.
• Kaziranga National Park
• It is located in Assam.
• It is famous for one-horned Rhinoceros.
• It is located in Golaghat and Nagaon, in the Karbi Anglong district of Assam in northeast India.

Additional Information

• National Park:
• There are 106 National parks in India.
• First national park in India- **Ramganga National Park (**Jim Corbett National Park or Hailey National Park).
• No human activity/rights allowed except for the ones permitted by the Chief Wildlife Warden of the State.

The Correct answer is 21.8%

Key Points

• Chandigarh's Poverty Rate according to the Planning Commission of India (2011-12) was 21.81%.
• This percentage reflects the portion of the population living below the poverty line, which is a measure of economic disparity.
• The Planning Commission, now replaced by the NITI Aayog, played a crucial role in assessing and reporting poverty levels across India.
• Chandigarh, being a union territory and a city, has a relatively lower poverty rate compared to some states, indicating a higher standard of living and better economic conditions.

Additional Information

The Correct Answer isMahavamsa.

Key Points 

• The Mahavamsa is an important Ceylonese (Sri Lankan) chronicle written in Pali.
• It provides a continuous historical record of over two millennia.
• It is a key source for the understanding of the history of not only Sri Lanka but also the Indian subcontinent, especially during the Mauryan empire.
• The chronicle covers the early history of Buddhism in Sri Lanka and the interactions between the rulers of Sri Lanka and the Mauryan Empire.
• It is considered one of the world's longest-unbroken historical accounts and has been crucial in constructing the history of the region.

Additional Information 

The correct answer is Lata Mangeshkar.

Key Points

• Lata Mangeshkar 
• Lata Mangeshkar was awarded the Bharat Ratna in 2001, India's highest civilian award, for her contributions to Indian music.
• She is one of the best-known and most respected playback singers in India and has recorded songs in over a thousand Hindi films.
• Lata Mangeshkar's career spanned over seven decades, during which she sang in more than thirty-six Indian languages and foreign languages.
• Her voice has been described as the "Nightingale of India," and her songs have touched millions of hearts both in India and abroad.

Additional Information

The Correct answer is International Olympic Committee

Key Points

• The Indian Olympic Association is officially affiliated to the International Olympic Committee (IOC).
• The IOC is responsible for the organization and oversight of the Olympic Games.
• The IOC works with National Olympic Committees, International Sports Federations, and other organizations to promote Olympism worldwide.
• Being affiliated with the IOC allows the Indian Olympic Association to participate in the Olympic Games and have access to various programs and support from the IOC.

Additional Information

The Correct answer is Detritus Food Chain

Key Points

• DFC stands for Detritus Food Chain.
• It is a process that recycles nutrients back into the ecosystem.
• Detritivores, such as earthworms and fungi, play a crucial role in this chain.
• This food chain is essential for the decomposition of organic matter and nutrient cycling.
• It contrasts with the grazing food chain, which starts from living plants.

Additional Information

The Correct answer is Edwin Lutyens

Key Points

• Edwin Lutyens was the architect behind the design of  the India Gate.
• India Gate is a war memorial located along the Rajpath in New Delhi, India.
• It was built in memory of the soldiers who died in World War I and the Afghan Wars.
• The foundation stone of India Gate was laid on 10^th February 1921, and it was unveiled in 1931.
• Lutyens' design of the India Gate also drew inspiration from the Arc de Triomphe in Paris.

Additional Information 

The Correct answer is 3

Key Points

• During the Second Five Year Plan, three integrated steel plants were set up with foreign collaboration.
• The countries involved were the Soviet Union, West Germany, and the United Kingdom These steel plants were established in Bhilai, Durgapur, and Rourkela.
• The primary goal was to boost the industrial development and steel production capacity of India.
• These plants significantly contributed to the industrial infrastructure and self-reliance in steel production.

Additional Information

The correct answer is cell wall.

Key Points

• Cell walls
• Cell walls are found exclusively in plant cells, providing them with structural support and protection.
• Cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin are the main components of plant cell walls, providing them strength and flexibility.
• The ratio of 4 ∶ 3 ∶ 3 of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin reflects the chemical composition of the cell wall.
• Fatty substances such as waxes are used to provide water repellent properties to the cell wall.

Additional Information

The Correct Answer is Plia.

Key Points

• The correct answer is option 4 (Pila), which is not a member of the Arthropoda phylum.
• Arthropoda is the largest phylum in the animal kingdom which includes creatures like locusts, butterflies, and prawns.
• Pila belongs to the phylum Mollusca, not Arthropoda. It is a genus of air-breathing freshwater snails.
• Members of the Arthropoda phylum are characterized by their jointed limbs and chitinous exoskeleton which is periodically shed or molted.
• Arthropods play crucial roles in ecosystems and human economy, serving as pollinators, decomposers, and a source of food.

Additional Information

The correct answer is Literature and education.

Key Points

• Shri SL Bhyrappa was awarded the Padma Bhushan in 2023.
• The award was given for his distinguished service of high order in the field of Literature and Education.
• Padma Bhushan is the third-highest civilian award in India.
• It recognises distinguished service of a high order to the nation, in any field.

Additional Information

The correct answer is Sree Narayana Dharma Paripalana Yogam.

Key Points

• Sree Narayana Guru was a social reformer and spiritual leader who played a significant role in changing the social structure of Kerala in the early 20^th century.
• He founded the Sree Narayana Dharma Paripalana Yogam (SNDP Yogam) to promote spiritual enlightenment and social equality.
• His philosophy of 'One Caste, One Religion, and One God for all' aimed at eliminating the caste system and promoting a universal religion.
• Through his efforts, he contributed to the opening of temples for all castes, education for everyone, and fought against caste discrimination.

Additional Information

The correct answer is Baji Rao II.

Key Points

• Baji Rao II 
• The Treaty of Bassein was signed on 31^st December 1802 between Baji Rao II, the Peshwa of the Maratha Empire, and the British East India Company.
• This treaty marked the beginning of the end for the Maratha Empire as it allowed the British to station their troops within Maratha territory.
• One significant outcome of the treaty was that it led to the Second Anglo-Maratha War, as it angered other Maratha chiefs who saw it as a surrender of sovereignty.
• Baji Rao II was forced to sign this treaty after being defeated by the Holkar ruler, which made him seek support from the British to regain his authority.

Additional Information

The correct answer is Na.

Key Points

• Alkaline earth metals belong to Group 2 of the periodic table, which includes elements with two electrons in their outermost shell.
• Na (Sodium) is not an alkaline earth metal; instead, it is an alkali metal, which belongs to Group 1 of the periodic table.
• Mg (Magnesium), Ca (Calcium), and Be (Beryllium) are all part of Group 2, making them alkaline earth metals.
• Alkaline earth metals are known for their reactivity, though not as reactive as alkali metals, and they form basic (alkaline) compounds when they react with water.

Additional Information

Important Points

The correct answer is Sunderbans.

Key Points

• Sunderbans is the correct name for the mangrove forests of West Bengal.
• It is one of the largest mangrove forests in the world.
• The Sunderbans are a UNESCO World Heritage Site, recognized for their unique biodiversity.
• They are home to the Royal Bengal Tiger, among many other species of flora and fauna.
• This region plays a crucial role in protecting the hinterlands from cyclones and tsunamis.

Additional Information

The correct answer is Aquaporins.

Key Points

• Aquaporins are integral membrane proteins that serve as channels in the transfer of water, and in some cases, small solutes and ions across the cell membrane.
• They are critical for the rapid transport of water across the cell membrane in response to osmotic gradients.
• Aquaporins are found in all forms of life, including bacteria, plants, and mammals, highlighting their fundamental role in cellular function.
• There are several types of aquaporins in mammals, each with a specific tissue distribution and function, reflecting the diverse physiological roles of these proteins.
• The discovery of aquaporins was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 2003, underscoring their importance in biology and medicine.

Additional Information

The correct answer is Bhisham Sahni.

Key Points

• The author of the novel 'Tamas' is Bhisham Sahni.
• 'Tamas' is a significant work in Hindi literature, dealing with the partition of India in 1947.
• The novel portrays the communal violence that erupted in the wake of partition, based on a true story from Sahni's own experiences.
• Bhisham Sahni was not only a prolific writer but also a playwright, actor, and translator, contributing greatly to Hindi literature and theatre.
• 'Tamas' has been adapted into a television film by the same name, directed by Govind Nihalani.

Additional Information

The correct answer is snake worshipping.

Key Points

• Gugga Naumi is celebrated as the festival of snake-worshiping.
• This festival is observed in honour of Gugga Pir or Gugga Jahar Peer, who is considered a saint in Hindu and Sikh traditions.
• It is celebrated in the month of Bhadrapada (August-September) according to the Hindu calendar.
• The festival involves singing hymns, offering prayers, and distributing prasad among community members.
• Devotees also paint snakes on the walls of their homes as a part of the celebrations.

Additional Information