Computer Knowledge PYQs

The correct answer is Analytical Engine. 

Key Points

• Analytical Engine generally considered the first computer, designed and partly built by the English inventor Charles Babbage in the 19^th century (he worked on it until his death in 1871).
• While working on the Difference Engine, a simpler calculating machine commissioned by the British government, Babbage began to imagine ways to improve it.
• Chiefly he thought about generalizing its operation so that it could perform other kinds of calculations.
• By the time funding ran out for his Difference Engine in 1833, he had conceived of something far more revolutionary: a general-purpose computing machine called the Analytical Engine.
• The Analytical Engine was to be a general-purpose, fully program-controlled, automatic mechanical digital computer.
• It would be able to perform any calculation set before it.
• The machine was designed to consist of four components: the mill, the store, the reader, and the printer. These components are the essential components of every computer today.

Additional Information

• Abacus:
• Abacus, plural abaci or abacuses, calculating device, probably of Babylonian origin, that was long important in commerce.
• It is the ancestor of the modern calculating machine and computer.
• The earliest “abacus” likely was a board or slab on which a Babylonian spread sand so he could trace letters for general writing purposes.
• The word abacus is probably derived, through its Greek form abakos, from a Semitic word such as the Hebrew ibeq (“to wipe the dust”; noun abaq, “dust”).
• The abacus, generally in the form of a large calculating board, was in universal use in Europe in the Middle Ages, as well as in the Arab world and in Asia.
• It reached Japan in the 16^th century. The introduction of the Hindu-Arabic notation, with its place value and zero, gradually replaced the abacus, though it was still widely used in Europe as late as the 17^th century and survives today in the Middle East, China, and Japan; an expert practitioner can compete against many modern mechanical calculating machines.
• Calculator:
• Calculator, machine for automatically performing arithmetical operations and certain mathematical functions.
• Modern calculators are descendants of a digital arithmetic machine devised by Blaise Pascal in 1642.
• Later in the 17^th century, Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz created a more advanced machine, and, especially in the late 19^th century, inventors produced calculating machines that were smaller and smaller and less and less laborious to use.
• In the early decades of the 20^th century, desktop adding machines and other calculating devices were developed. Some were key-driven, others required a rotating drum to enter sums punched into a keyboard, and later the drum was spun by an electric motor.
• A central processing unit (CPU):
• The central processing unit (CPU), the principal part of any digital computer system, generally composed of the main memory, control unit, and arithmetic-logic unit.
• It constitutes the physical heart of the entire computer system; to it is linked various peripheral equipment, including input/output devices and auxiliary storage units.
• In modern computers, the CPU is contained on an integrated circuit chip called a microprocessor.
• The control unit of the central processing unit regulates and integrates the operations of the computer.
• It selects and retrieves instructions from the main memory in proper sequence and interprets them so as to activate the other functional elements of the system at the appropriate moment to perform their respective operations.

A wide area network (WAN) is a telecommunications network or computer network that extends over a large geographical distance. Wide area networks often are established with leased telecommunication circuits

The correct answer is option 3, i.e. Ctrl + U.

Key Points

• An underline is a section of text in a document where the words have a line running beneath them. For example, this text should be underlined. Underlined text is commonly used to help draw attention to the text.​

Additional Information

Word shortcut keys

• Ctrl + A -- Select all contents of the page.
• Ctrl + B -- Bold highlighted selection.
• Ctrl + C -- Copy selected text.
• Ctrl + X -- Cut selected text.
• Ctrl + N -- Open new/blank document.
• Ctrl + O -- Open options.
• Ctrl + P -- Open the print window.

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• Ctrl + F -- Open find box.
• Ctrl + I -- Italicise highlighted selection.
• Ctrl + K -- Insert link.
• Ctrl + U -- Underline highlighted selection.
• Ctrl + V -- Paste.
• Ctrl + Y -- Redo the last action performed.
• Ctrl + Z -- Undo last action.

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• Ctrl + G -- Find and replace options.
• Ctrl + H -- Find and replace options.
• Ctrl + J -- Justify paragraph alignment.
• Ctrl + L -- Align selected text or line to the left.
• Ctrl + Q -- Align selected paragraph to the left.
• Ctrl + E -- Align selected text or line to the centre.
• Ctrl + R -- Align selected text or line to the right.
• Ctrl + M -- Indent the paragraph.

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• Ctrl + T -- Hanging indent.
• Ctrl + D -- Font options.
• Ctrl + Shift + F -- Change the font.
• Ctrl + Shift + > -- Increase selected font +1.
• Ctrl + ] -- Increase selected font +1.
• Ctrl + [ -- Decrease selected font -1.

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• Ctrl + Shift + * -- View or hide non printing characters.
• Ctrl + (Left arrow) -- Move one word to the left.
• Ctrl + (Right arrow) -- Move one word to the right.
• Ctrl + (Up arrow) -- Move to the beginning of the line or paragraph.
• Ctrl + (Down arrow) -- Move to the end of the paragraph.
• Ctrl + Del -- Delete word to the right of the cursor.

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• Ctrl + Backspace -- Delete word to the left of the cursor.
• Ctrl + End -- Move cursor to end of the document.
• Ctrl + Home -- Move cursor to the beginning of the document.
• Ctrl + Space -- Reset highlighted text to default font.
• Ctrl + 1 -- Single-space lines.
• Ctrl + 2 -- Double-space lines.
• Ctrl + 5 -- 1.5-line spacing.

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• Ctrl + Alt + 1 Change text to heading 1.
• Ctrl + Alt + 2 Change text to heading 2.
• Ctrl + Alt + 3 Change text to heading 3.
• F1 -- Open help.
• Shift + F3 -- Change case of selected text.
• Shift + Insert -- Paste.

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• F4 -- Repeat the last action performed (Word 2000+).
• F7 -- Spell check selected text and/or document.
• Shift + F7 -- Activate the thesaurus.
• F12 -- Save as.
• Ctrl + S -- Save.
• Shift + F12 -- Save.
• Alt + Shift + D -- Insert the current date.
• Alt + Shift + T -- Insert the current time.
• Ctrl + W -- Close document.

The correct answer is Flipkart

Key Points BHIM, Paytm, PhonePe, BharatPe are UPI applications. But Flipkart is a Shopping Application.

The correct answer is Options 1, 2 and 3

Key PointsThe function of Task Manager includes:

• End Nonresponsive program
• Monitor CPU and RAM usage
• Monitor individual program activity

Therefore, the correct options are 1, 2, and 3. "View all data" is a vague option and doesn't specifically align with the commonly recognized functions of Task Manager. Task Manager is used primarily for monitoring system performance and managing running applications and processes, but it does not provide a way to "view all data" in a broad sense that could encompass all types of data on a computer.

So, the most accurate options based on the provided list are 1, 2, and 3.

The correct answer is Random Access Memory.

The storage device of a computer system is known as memory.

Key Points Memory is of two kinds:

Primary memory:

• It is referred to as the working memory or the main memory of a computer system.

Random Access Memory (RAM):

• The data stored in RAM is lost when the computer is switched off so it is called volatile memory.

Read-only memory (ROM):

• The ROM is non-volatile and retains its information even after the power is turned off.
• The ROM cannot be altered.
• Information is stored in the ROM at the time of its manufacture.

Secondary memory:

• It is used to store data for the long term.
• It operates at a much slower rate than primary memory.
• It is permanent in nature so it is nonvolatile.
• Secondary memories are cheaper than primary memory.
• Examples: Floppy disk, Hard disk, Memory cards, CDSs, DVDs, ROM etc.

The correct answer is Microsoft Outlook.

• Microsoft Outlook is not a Web Browser.

Key Points

• Microsoft Outlook is a personal information manager and an email client.
• It also includes functions such as calendaring, task managing, contact managing, note-taking, journal logging, and web browsing.

Additional Information

• Internet Explorer, Opera, and Netscape are all web browsers.
• Internet Explorer is a browser started by Microsoft in the year 1995.
• The Netscape web browser is produced by Netscape Communications Corporation.
• Opera is a web browser developed by Opera Software in the year 1995.

The correct answer is Making a machine intelligent.

Key Points Artificial Intelligence:

• Artificial intelligence is a branch of computer science that deals with creating intelligent machines that can perform tasks that typically require human intelligence, such as visual perception, speech recognition, decision-making, and language translation.
• The process of making a machine intelligent typically involves using algorithms and models to train the machine to recognize patterns, make decisions, and respond to inputs in a way that simulates human intelligence. This can involve techniques such as machine learning, natural language processing, computer vision, and robotics.
• There are different types and levels of AI, ranging from basic rule-based systems to more advanced machine learning systems and deep learning neural networks.
• However, the goal of all forms of AI is to create intelligent machines that can perform tasks and make decisions in a way that simulates human intelligence.
• In summary, making a machine intelligent involves the field of artificial intelligence, which is concerned with creating intelligent machines that can perform tasks that typically require human intelligence.

Hence, the correct answer is Making a machine intelligent.

The correct answer is SDRAM.

Key Points

• Synchronous dynamic random-access memory (SDRAM) is any DRAM where the operation of its external pin interface is coordinated by an externally supplied clock signal.

Important Points

• Non-volatile memory or non-volatile storage is a type of computer memory that can retain stored information even after power is removed.

Additional Information

• EEPROM stands for electrically erasable programmable read-only memory and is a type of non-volatile memory used in computers.
• Flash memory is a type of nonvolatile memory that erases data in units called blocks and rewrites data at the byte level.
• Hard disks are nonvolatile storage devices that are used to store and retrieve data quickly.

The correct answer is Page orientation.

Key Points

• Page Orientation
• It is the direction in which a document is displayed or printed.
• The two basic types of Page Orientation are Portrait( Vertical) and Landscape( Horizontal).
• Most monitors have a landscape display, while most documents are printed in portrait mode.

While "Portrait" is indeed a form of vertical orientation, the question specifically asks for the term associated with Vertical mode, which aligns with Page orientation.

• MS Word
• It is developed by Microsoft.
• It was released on 25 October 1983 for the first time.
• It is a graphical word processing program that users can type with.
• It has helpful tools to make documents, resumes, contracts, etc.
• This is one of the most commonly used programs under the office suite.

The correct answer is System Software.

Key PointsLinux is an operating system. Linux was created in 1991 by Linus Torvalds and the Free Software Foundation (FSF). It is an open-source Unix-like operating system. An operating system helps users interact with the computer.

Additional InformationWord Processors: A word processor is a type of software application used for composing, editing, formatting and printing documents. Word processors have a variety of uses and applications within the business environment, at home and in educational contexts.

Language Processor: A language processor is a software program designed or used to perform tasks such as processing program code to machine code. Language processors are found in languages such as Fortran and COBOL.

Adware: Adware, also known as advertisement-supported software, generates revenue for its developers by automatically generating adverts on your screen, usually within a web browser. Adware is typically created for computers but can also be found on mobile devices.

Some forms of adware are highly manipulative and create an open door for malicious programs.

Ctrl + Spacebar in MS Word will  reset highlighted text to the default font.

The correct answer is Office 365

Key PointsOffice 365 is a valid and the most modern version on your list, representing Microsoft's subscription-based service that includes access to Office applications plus other productivity services that are enabled over the internet (cloud services).

The correct answer is Ctrl + B

• DOS (Disk Operating System) is an operating system for x86-based personal computers
• Oracle Database (Oracle) is a multi-model database management system produced and marketed by Oracle Corporation
• Linux is a family of free and open-source software operating systems based on the Linux kernel
• Windows is a group of several graphical operating system families, all of which are developed, marketed, and sold by Microsoft

The correct answer is Option (1).

• Times New Roman is a serif typeface. It was commissioned by the British newspaper The Times in 1931 and conceived by Stanley Morison, the artistic adviser to the British branch of the printing equipment company Monotype, in collaboration with Victor Lardent, a lettering artist in The Times's advertising department. It has become one of the most popular typefaces of all time and is installed on most desktop computers.

Key PointsSteps to change the font style in MS Word:

1. Select the text you want to modify

2. Select the Home tab and locate the Font group

3. Click the drop-down arrow next to the font style box

4. Font style menu appears

5. With a left click select the desired font style

The correct answer is Cache.

• A cache is the smallest and the fastest memory in the computer.

Key Points

• Cache:
• It is a very high-speed memory used to speed up and synchronizing with a high-speed CPU.
• This memory is costlier than main memory or disk memory but economical than CPU registers.
• It acts as a buffer between RAM and the CPU.
• It holds frequently requested data and instructions and makes them immediately available to the CPU when needed.
• It is used to reduce the average time to access data from the Main memory.

Additional Information

• Random Access Memory (RAM) is a primary memory.
• It is a read/write memory.
• It is volatile memory.
• The Read-Only Memory (ROM) is non-volatile memory and retains its information even after the power is turned off.

The correct answer is Firefox

Key PointsFirefox is a web browser developed by Mozilla Foundation and its subsidiary, Mozilla Corporation. It is not a tool or feature within Microsoft Word, which is a word processing software developed by Microsoft. The rest of the options (SmartArt, WordArt, Drop Cap, and Hyperlink) refer to functionalities or features that can be found within Microsoft Word or are related to its document editing capabilities.

A table can be inserted using the “table” option from the “insert” menu in MS word. It gives the user an option to specify the number of rows and columns for that table and the minimum of it requires that it must have at least one row and a column.

A modem is a device or program that enables a computer to transmit data over, for example, telephone or cable lines. Computer information is stored digitally, whereas information transmitted over telephone lines is transmitted in the form of analog waves.