Computer Knowledge PYQs

The correct answer is Secondary Memory

Key Points The term "non-volatile memory" refers to a kind of memory that can retain stored data even when not powered. Based on the options you've provided:

• RAM (Random Access Memory) - Volatile
• DRAM (Dynamic RAM) - Volatile
• Secondary Memory - Typically Non-Volatile (includes hard drives, SSDs, etc.)
• SRAM (Static RAM) - Volatile

Given the options, the correct answer is: Secondary Memory

The correct answer is aa@bb.com.

Key Points 

• An email address consists of 2 parts separated by a symbol.
• A valid email address is an address composed of two parts, a username, and a domain name, separated by the '@' symbol.
• For example, in the email vikram@testbook.com, “vikram” is the username, and “testbook.com” is the domain.

Additional Information 

• A domain name refers to your website address.

The correct solution is "Terabyte< Petabyte< Exabyte< Zettabyte "

CPU consists of Memory or storage units that can store instructions, data, and intermediate results. This unit supplies information to other units of the computer when needed. It is also known as an internal storage unit or the main memory or primary storage or Random Access Memory (RAM).

Key Points

• Storage capacity is expressed in terms of Bytes. The data is represented as binary digits. (0s and1s).
• Hierarchy is as follows:
• Bit < Nibble < Byte < KB < MB < GB < TB < PB < XB < ZB < YB

 where KB stands for kilobyte

• MB stands for megabyte
• GB stands for gigabyte
• TB stands for terabyte
• PB stands for petabyte
• XB stands for exabyte
• ZB stands for zetabyte
• YB stands for yottabyte

Additional Information

    4 bit           = 1 Nibble

    8 bit           = 1 byte

   1024 byte   = 1 KB

   1024 KB     = 1MB

   1024 MB    =  1GB

   1024 GB    =  1TB

   1024 TB     =  1PB

   1024 PB     =   1XB

   1024 XB     =   1ZB

   1024 ZB     =   1YB

The correct answer is the photocopy machine.

Key Points

• The scanner is recognized as an input device of the computer system.
• The scanner scans any document, pictures, or other files and captured the exact images of those, and stored them in the memory of the computer. The system can simply access those images as per the requirement.
• Scanner kept the scanned documents in image format in the system.

Thus the correct answer is the photocopy machine.

Additional Information

• The scanner converts physical documents (hard copies) into digital documents (soft copies).
• The scanner is reliable, efficient, and a cost saver.

Cache memory of microprocessor is used to store temporary instructions and data. This memory is the smallest memory in the computer.

Explanation:

• Some commonly used Input/Output devices are listed in the table below.

Input device:

• An input device is a piece of hardware used to provide data to a computer used for interaction and control. It allows the input of raw data to the computer for processing.​
• Some of the input devices are
• ​Keyboard: Keyboard is one of the primary input devices used to input data and commands. It has function keys, control keys, arrow keys, a keypad, and the keyboard itself with the letters, numbers, and commands.
• Mouse: It is an input device used to control the cursor and coordinates. It can be wired or wireless.
• Microphone: It is an input device that allows users to input audio into their computers.
• Scanner: It is an input device that reads an image and converts it into a digital file. A scanner is connected to a computer through a USB.
• Touchscreen: It is an input device that allows users to interact with a computer using their fingers. It is used widely in laptop monitors, smartphones, tablets, cash registers, and information kiosks.
• Plotter: The plotter is the computer's output device that could print graphics as well as accommodate full-size engineering and architectural drawings. Using multiple colored pens, plotters were also able to print in color long before inkjet printers became an alternative.

The correct option is (3)

Ctrl +N

Key Points

• Ctrl + N in Microsoft PowerPoint creates a brand-new, empty slide deck in a separate window of the software.
• To add a new slide to the existing presentation, we can use the shortcut Ctrl + M. Below the slide that is now open, a new slide will be added.
• Using Alt + M in MS Word brings up Ribbon's Mailings tab. After using this shortcut, you can choose a Mailings tab choice by pressing a different key. For instance, you can hit S to reveal the Start Mail Merge option after pressing Alt + M.

Additional Information Construct a presentation.

1. Activate PowerPoint.
2. Choose New from the left pane.
3. Choose an option: Choose Blank Presentation to start from scratch when making a presentation. Choose one of the templates if you want to use a ready-made design. Choose to Take a Tour, then choose to Create to get some PowerPoint pointers.

Ctrl+Shift+N

• Enables Google Chrome to open a file from your computer. opens the connection behind the scenes in a new tab. Changes to the newly opened tab after the link is opened in a new tab. Opens a new window with the link.

The correct answer is .pptx

Key Points

By default, PowerPoint presentations in MS PowerPoint 365, or any version since 2007, are saved with the .pptx extension.

• .pptx stands for PowerPoint Open XML Presentation, which is a collection of slides for presentation. This format introduces a more efficient and open standard for data and document presentation as compared to the older binary file formats.
• The 'x' in .pptx signifies that the file format is an XML (eXtensible Markup Language) file, and it represents the transition from older binary formats (.ppt) to the newer, more robust XML-based file formats. The new file format offers a smaller file size and better recovery of corrupted files compared to the older formats.
• Here is a breakdown of the different extensions mentioned in the question:
• .xps: This is a document management format similar to .pdf developed by Microsoft. It's not specific to PowerPoint.
• .pptm: This is a PowerPoint presentation that contains macros—automated inputs for repetitive tasks. If a presentation does not include any macros, it would typically not be saved with the .pptm extension unless the user explicitly chooses to do so.
• .pptx: This is the default file format for saving presentations in PowerPoint 2007 and later versions, including PowerPoint 365. It does not support macros.
• .ppt: This is the default file format for PowerPoint 2003 and earlier versions. PowerPoint 2007 and later versions, including PowerPoint 365, can still open and save .ppt files, but it's no longer the default file format.

The default extension for any MS word file is “.doc”. Although in newer versions, the file extension “.docx” can also be seen. This file extension can be changed by using the “save as” option.

The correct answer is Liquid Ink

Key Points

​Unlike dot matrix and inkjet printers, laser printers do not use Liquid ink when producing a document.

Correct Option 2).

1. A blockchain is a digitally distributed, decentralized, public ledger that exists across a network.
2. A blockchain is a distributed database that is shared among the nodes of a computer network.
3. As a database, a blockchain stores information electronically in digital format.

 Key Points

Blockchains are best known for their crucial role in cryptocurrency systems, such as Bitcoin, for maintaining a secure and decentralized record of transactions. The innovation with a blockchain is that it guarantees the fidelity and security of a record of data and generates trust without the need for a trusted third party.

• Blockchain is a type of shared database that differs from a typical database in the way that it stores information; blockchains store data in blocks that are then linked together via cryptography.
• As new data comes in, it is entered into a fresh block. Once the block is filled with data, it is chained onto the previous block, which makes the data chained together in chronological order.
• Different types of information can be stored on a blockchain, but the most common use so far has been as a ledger for transactions.
• In Bitcoin’s case, blockchain is used in a decentralized way so that no single person or group has control—rather, all users collectively retain control.
• Decentralized blockchains are immutable, which means that the data entered is irreversible. For Bitcoin, this means that transactions are permanently recorded and viewable to anyone.

The correct answer is 1989

Key PointsCommercial Internet service providers (ISPs) began to emerge in the late 1980s. The transition from a research and government-funded network to a commercially available service happened gradually, but one key milestone was the development of the World Wide Web by Tim Berners-Lee in 1989-1990, which greatly increased the utility and appeal of the Internet to the general public and businesses. By the early 1990s, several commercial ISPs were in operation, providing access to the growing network to paying customers.

In digital electronics, especially computing, hardware registers are circuits typically composed of flip flops, often with many characteristics similar to memory, such as:

The ability to read or write multiple bits at a time, and

Using an address to select a particular register in a manner similar to a memory address.

The correct option is (4)

Dynamic Random Access Memory

Key Points DRAM stands for Dynamic Random Access Memory. Here's a breakdown of the components of the acronym:

• Dynamic: Unlike Static RAM (SRAM), which uses flip-flops to store each bit of data, DRAM uses a dynamic storage cell that needs to be refreshed thousands of times per second. This is because the information in a DRAM cell gradually fades over time.
• Random Access: This refers to the ability to access any memory cell directly, without having to traverse through other cells. It means that the time taken to access a memory location is constant, regardless of the location of the data.
• Access Memory: This phrase simply indicates that it's a type of computer memory used for temporary storage of data that can be quickly read from or written to by the CPU.

So, in summary, DRAM is a type of memory that allows random access to any storage location, and it needs periodic refreshing due to the dynamic nature of its storage cells.

DBMS stands for Database Management System.

The correct option is (2)

Trash

Key Points

• A message that you delete remains in your trash for 30 days. It will be permanently erased after that point.
• On Gmail and Google Apps, an archived message defaults to the Archive folder or All Mail while a deleted message goes into the trash folder.
• Your deleted emails can be automatically removed from your trash folder permanently depending on your email provider or company's policies (often after 30 days).
• Check your Gmail inbox now. There is a list of folders on the left side of the screen (Inbox, Starred, Spam, etc). Your deleted emails will be located in a folder labeled "Trash" or "Bin" (the name of the folder depends on the user's language preferences).

Additional InformationInbox:- a location on a computer where emails sent to you are stored.

Outbox:- Without an internet connection, users can read, reply to, and delete emails.

All of your emails from the outbox are immediately sent whenever you're back online. Your emails might still be sitting in Gmail's outbox if you've been using this feature.

Spam:- Email spam, commonly referred to as junk email, is the practice of sending unwanted email messages in mass to a large list of subscribers.

The correct option is (4)

Ctrl + S

Key Points

• The options in the File menu, Save the page, or Save As page, which you can access from the normal or editing view, are included in this table along with the shortcuts for saving and renaming Microsoft 365 files using those options. Use Ctrl+S to rapidly save a file.
• If you want to create a new document, change the filename, or file format, or save the file in a different location on your computer, you must save the current document first. use the Ctrl+Shift+S keyboard shortcut.
• Save a Copy has taken the position of Word, Excel, and PowerPoint's Save As feature. Do the following in order to save a copy of a file: Choose File > Save a Copy. Choose a location to save the file. After entering a file name, select Save a Copy.

Additional Information

• To open the slide show settings in PowerPoint, use Alt+S on the keyboard.
• The system information window is opened by pressing Ctrl, Alt, and S.

The correct answer is option 4, i.e. SQRT.

• The Excel Math Functions perform many of the common mathematical calculations, including basic arithmetic, conditional sums & products, exponents etc.
• It is used to calculate values based on what is in cells, perform operations on a cell content, fetch values after an operation based on your search criteria and much more.
• Mathematical Formulas in Excel are used to perform various arithmetic operations like sum, average, count, max, min etc.
• The Microsoft Excel SQRT function returns the square root of a number. The SQRT function is a built-in function in Excel that is categorized as a Math/Trig Function. It can be used as a worksheet function (WS) in Excel.

Other functions in Excel.

The correct answer is 650 - 700 MB.

Key Points

• The data Capacity of a standard size CD ROM is 650 - 700 MB.
• CD ROM- It is a compact disc used as a read-only optical memory device for a computer system.
• Computers can only read but not write data on a CD ROM.

Additional Information

• DVD (Digital Versatile Disc) have a storage capacity of about 4.7 GB.
• A byte is a unit of information in computer storage and processing and contains 8 bits.

The correct answer is MS-Excel ​.

• A word processor is a software package with the help of which we can create, modify, print, and save a document faster than we can create by hand.
• Many documents can be merged together.
• MS Excel is a spreadsheet program where one can record data in the form of tables.

Key Points

• MS Excel - It works to open, create, edit, format, calculate, share and print data in tabular format.
• MS Word- It works to open, create, edit, format, share and print the document, etc.
• WordPad – It is available in every version of Windows. Various types of formatting can be done in a document.
• Notepad- There is a simple but useful Text Editor Program that is included in every version of Microsoft Windows which helps notepad users to open, read and create plain text files.