Blood Relations Guide & Practice
Master family tree diagrams, pointing/introducing type, coded blood relations, and multi-generation chain problems with solved examples. Explore dynamic solver blueprints, master fundamental equations, examine step-by-step solved examples, and practice with real exam-grade mock test sets.
1. Fundamentals & Definitions
Blood Relation is defined as a relation between two or more individuals by virtue of their birth or marriage. Questions in this section involve analyzing a chain of relationships to determine the connection between two specific members of a family. This requires knowledge of the family structure, typically spanning three generations above and below the current one.
| Relationship | Terms Used |
|---|---|
| Father's son/Mother's son | Brother |
| Father's daughter/Mother's daughter | Sister |
| Mother's brother (younger/elder) | Maternal Uncle |
| Father's brother (younger/elder) | Uncle (Paternal) |
| Father's sister (younger/elder) | Aunt |
| Mother's sister (younger/elder) | Aunt |
| Son's wife | Daughter-in-law |
| Daughter's husband | Son-in-law |
| Sister's husband | Brother-in-law |
| Husband's brother/Wife's brother | Brother-in-law |
| Brother's wife | Sister-in-law |
| Husband's sister/Wife's sister | Sister-in-law |
| Husband's father/Wife's father | Father-in-law |
| Husband's mother/Wife's mother | Mother-in-law |
| Brother's son/Sister's son | Nephew |
| Brother's daughter/Sister's daughter | Niece |
| Uncle's daughter/Aunt's daughter | Cousin |
| Uncle's son/Aunt's son | Cousin |
| Father's father/Mother's father | Grandfather |
| Father's mother/Mother's mother | Grandmother |
| Father of grandfather or father of grandmother | Great grandfather |
| Mother of grandfather/Mother of grandmother | Great grandmother |
2. Core Concepts & Formulas
There are three main types of blood relation questions:
1. Pointing or Introducing: A person points to or introduces another person (in a photograph or physically present), and a relationship is described. The candidate must decipher this relationship.
2. Family Tree: The relationships between multiple family members are described. The candidate needs to create a family tree diagram to map out the connections and answer the specific question asked.
3. Coded Relation: Family relationships are represented by specific codes or symbols (e.g., A + B means A is the father of B). An expression of these codes is given, and the candidate must decode it to find the relationship between two members.
Tips and Tricks for Solving Problems:
- Tip 1: When a person in the question says "me" or "my", imagine yourself as that person to better understand the relationships.
- Tip 2: Never assume the gender of a person based on their name unless explicitly stated.
- Tip 3: "Only son" does not mean "only child." A person can have an only son and multiple daughters.
- Tip 4: Use pictorial representations (family trees) to systematically arrange the data. This makes it easier to track complex relationships. Use symbols like
+for male,-for female, and=for marriage.
Solved Examples
Question: Pointing to a lady, Rahul said, "She is the wife of my mother's father's only grandchild". How is the lady related to Rahul?
Question: Introducing a lady at the party, Goldy told her friend, “She is the sister-in-law of my only brother, who is the father of Ganesh. Ganesh is the grandson of Navya's husband, who is my father and has only two children.” How is Ganesh related to that lady?
Question: The relationship between family members is coded as follows:
- P $ Q implies P is the sister of Q
- P % Q implies P is the brother of Q
- P & R implies P is the mother of R
- P @ S implies P is the son of S
Find the relationship between F and D from the expression: D % C @ G $ H $ F