English Comprehension PYQs

The correct answer is 'walk the talk'.

 

Key Points

• The idiom 'walk the talk' means to show by your actions that you mean what you say or to do what you have promised to do.
• It is often used in political or professional contexts where a person in a position of power is expected to back up their words with real action.
• In the given sentence, it implies that politicians must fulfill their commitments to maintain their dignity and popularity among the public.

Therefore, the correct answer is 'Option 3'.

Complete Sentence: Politicians ought to walk the talk to retain their dignity and popularity.

Additional Information

• Talk the talk: This phrase means to speak in a way that sounds convincing or impressive, but it does not necessarily mean the person will follow through with actions.
• Talk the walk: This is an incorrect reversal of the standard idiom.
• Wake the talk: This phrase is nonsensical and does not exist as a standard English idiom.

The correct answer is 'viper in the bosom'.

 

Key Points

• The idiom 'viper in the bosom' (or 'snake in one's bosom') refers to a person who betrays the kindness, trust, or shelter given to them by another.
• In the context of the sentence, the speaker is expressing surprise and disappointment that someone they trusted turned out to be treacherous by stealing their belongings ('taken to his heels with all my belongings').
• The phrase originates from Aesop's Fables, specifically the story of a farmer who rescues a frozen snake only to be bitten by it once it warms up.

Therefore, the correct answer is 'Option 3'.

Complete Sentence: It was not known to me that he will be a viper in the bosom in the long run to have taken to his heels with all my belongings.

Additional Information

• Snake in the grass: A person who pretends to be your friend but is actually a treacherous or deceitful enemy. (Option 1 seems to be a distorted version of this).
• Dog in the manger: A person who prevents others from using or enjoying something that they themselves have no use for. (Option 4 seems to be a distorted version of this).
• Taken to one's heels: To run away or flee from a situation.

Question 1

The correct answer is 'Option(3)' i.e. 'Hope'.

Key Points

• The word 'expectation' refers to a strong belief that something will happen or be the case in the future. (उम्मीद)
• Example: High expectations can sometimes lead to pressure if they are not managed properly.
• 'Hope' refers to a feeling of expectation and desire for a particular thing to happen; it is often used as a synonym for expectation when referring to positive outcomes. (आशा)
• Example: We are full of hope that the project will be completed on time.
• Hence, we can infer that the closest synonym of 'expectation' is 'hope'.

Therefore, the correct answer is- Hope.

Additional Information

Here are the other options explained along with their Hindi meanings and example sentences:

• Surprise (आश्चर्य): An unexpected or astonishing event, fact, or thing that often catches someone off guard.
• Example: It was a pleasant surprise to see my old friend at the party.
• Disappointment (निराशा): The feeling of sadness or dissatisfaction when one’s hopes or expectations are not fulfilled.
• Example: The team’s loss was a big disappointment to all the fans.
• Memory (स्मृति): The faculty by which the mind stores and remembers past information or experiences.
• Example: He has a very vivid memory of his first day at school.

The correct answer is: Enthusiastic.

Key Points

• The word 'eager' refers to a person strongly wanting to do or have something; it suggests a state of keen interest or impatient expectancy. (उत्सुक)
• Example: The children were eager to open their Christmas presents.
• 'Enthusiastic' means having or showing intense and eager enjoyment, interest, or approval. It is the closest synonym as both words describe a positive and high-energy attitude toward an activity or subject. (उत्साही)
• Example: She received an enthusiastic welcome from her colleagues on her first day.
• Hence, we can infer that the closest synonym of 'eager' is 'enthusiastic'.

Therefore, the correct answer is: Enthusiastic.

Additional Information

Here are the other options explained along with their Hindi meanings and example sentences:

• Reluctant (अनिच्छुक): Unwilling and hesitant to do something; it is the opposite of being eager.
• Example: Many parents are reluctant to let their children go out late at night.
• Bored (ऊबा हुआ): Feeling weary and restless through lack of interest in one's current activity.
• Example: He was bored with the repetitive nature of his daily chores.
• Careless (लापरवाह): Not giving enough attention or thought to avoiding mistakes or harm.
• Example: A careless error in the report led to a major misunderstanding.

The correct answer is: xerogrIphy.

Key Points

• The word 'xerogrIphy' is a misspelt word referring to the technique of making photocopies using a dry process. (शुष्क प्रतिलिपिकरण)
• Example: The spelling 'xerogrIphy' is incorrect because it uses the letter 'i' instead of the letter 'a'.
• 'Xerography' is the correct spelling, which is a photocopying process that uses static electricity and dry powder (toner) to reproduce documents. (ज़ेरोग्राफी)
• Example: The invention of xerography revolutionized the business world by allowing documents to be duplicated instantly.
• Hence, we can infer that the misspelt word among the options is 'xerogrIphy'.

Therefore, the correct answer is: xerogrIphy.

Additional Information

Here are the other options explained along with their Hindi meanings and example sentences:

• Xenophobic (विदेशी लोगों से नफरत करने वाला): Having or showing a dislike of or prejudice against people from other countries.
• Example: The city implemented new educational programs to combat xenophobic attitudes and promote inclusivity.
• Xylophone (काष्ठतरंग): A musical instrument consisting of a row of wooden bars of graduated length to produce different notes when struck with mallets.
• Example: The young musician played a lively melody on the xylophone during the school concert.
• Xenolithic (विजातीय शिलाखंड संबंधी): Relating to a xenolith, which is a piece of rock of different origin from the igneous rock in which it is embedded.
• Example: The geology team discovered xenolithic fragments within the volcanic rock that provided clues about the Earths crust.

The correct answer is: Durable.

Key Points

• The word 'perishable' refers to something (especially food) that is likely to decay or go bad quickly if not kept in certain conditions. (नश्वर / जल्द खराब होने वाला)
• Example: Many fresh fruits and vegetables are highly perishable and must be refrigerated.
• 'Durable' refers to something that is able to withstand wear, pressure, or damage; it is long-lasting and remains in good condition for a long time, which is the opposite of being perishable. (टिकाऊ)
• Example: These hiking boots are made of durable leather designed to last for years.
• Hence, we can infer that the most appropriate antonym of 'perishable' is 'durable'.

Therefore, the correct answer is: Durable.

Additional Information

Here are the other options explained along with their Hindi meanings and example sentences:

• Soft (कोमल / नरम): Something that is easy to mold, cut, compress, or fold; not hard or firm.
• Example: She likes to sleep on a soft pillow.
• Edible (खाद्य / खाने योग्य): Something that is fit or safe to be eaten.
• Example: The chef decorated the cake with edible flowers.
• Breakable (टूटने योग्य / भंगुर): Something that is fragile and capable of being broken easily.
• Example: The box was filled with breakable glass ornaments.

The correct answer is Option (1) i.e. Montage.

Key Points

• The phrase 'A series of shots put together sequentially to narrate something within a film' refers to a cinematic editing technique where multiple short clips are edited into a sequence to condense space, time, or information. (फिल्म में कुछ बयान करने के लिए दृश्यों की एक श्रृंखला को क्रमिक रूप से लगाना)
• Example: The movie used a training montage to show the protagonist becoming a champion over several months.
• 'Montage' is the process or technique of selecting, editing, and piecing together separate sections of film to form a continuous whole. (मोंटाज / दृश्य-संयोजन)
• Example: The opening montage of the film perfectly captured the chaotic life in the city.
• Hence, we can infer that the correct one-word substitute for the given description is 'Montage'.

Therefore, the correct answer is- Montage

Additional Information

Here are the other options explained along with their Hindi meanings and example sentences:

• Trailer (ट्रेलर / विज्ञापन फिल्म): A series of extracts from a film or television program, used for advance publicity.
• Example: The trailer for the new sci-fi movie has already received millions of views online.
• Preview (पूर्वावलोकन): An inspection or viewing of something before it is bought or becomes generally available.
• Example: The gallery held a private preview of the artist's latest paintings for selected guests.
• Flashback (फ्लैशबैक / पूर्ववृत्त): A scene in a movie or novel set in a time earlier than the main story.
• Example: A flashback in the middle of the chapter explained how the two rivals first met.

The correct answer is Option(1) i.e. Ambidextrous.

Key Points

• The phrase 'A person who can use both hands well' refers to an individual who possesses the ability to use both the right and left hands with equal ease and proficiency. (दोनों हाथों का कुशलता से उपयोग करने वाला)
• Example: Being ambidextrous allows the surgeon to perform complex procedures more effectively by switching hands when necessary.
• 'Ambidextrous' is the specific one-word substitution for someone who is not naturally biased towards one hand but can use either hand for tasks like writing or drawing. (उभयहस्त)
• Example: The legendary artist was ambidextrous, often painting with both hands simultaneously.
• Therefore, the correct answer is- Ambidextrous.

Additional Information

Here are the other options explained along with their Hindi meanings and example sentences:

• Ambivert (उभयमुखी): A person whose personality has a balance of extrovert and introvert features.
• Example: As an ambivert, he enjoys social gatherings but also values his quiet time alone to recharge.
• Ambivalent (द्विधायुक्त/अस्पष्ट): Having mixed feelings or contradictory ideas about something or someone.
• Example: She felt ambivalent about the new job offer because it offered a high salary but required a long commute.
• Divergent (भिन्न/अपसारी): Tending to be different or develop in different directions; deviating from a standard or common point.
• Example: The two political parties have divergent views on how to manage the national economy.

The correct answer is 'In keeping with'.

 

Key Points

• The phrase 'in keeping with' is a prepositional phrase that means consistent with, in agreement with, or following a particular custom, rule, or tradition.
• The sentence discusses the act of continuing to celebrate the festivals of Odisha as a way to honor or follow a tradition.
• Therefore, 'In keeping with' is the most appropriate choice to describe actions that are aligned with established cultural practices.
• Options 1, 2, and 3 do not fit the contextual or grammatical requirements of the sentence.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 4.

 

Complete Sentence: 'In keeping with our tradition, we should continue to celebrate the different festivals of Odisha.'

 

Additional Information

• Option 1: 'Because of' is used to indicate a reason or cause. While traditions provide a reason, 'in keeping with' specifically highlights the harmony between the action and the custom.
• Option 2: 'As far as' is used to talk about the extent or degree of something (e.g., 'As far as I know...'). It is incomplete here without 'is concerned'.
• Option 3: 'So as to' is a conjunctional phrase used to express purpose and must be followed by a verb, not a noun phrase like 'our tradition'.

The correct answer is Will the new bridge be opened for traffic next week?.

Key Points

• The given sentence is an interrogative sentence in the Simple Future Tense (Future Indefinite).
• In Active Voice, the structure for an interrogative simple future sentence is: Will/Shall + Subject + Verb (Base Form/V1) + Object?
• To convert this into Passive Voice, the structure changes to: Will/Shall + Object (new subject) + be + Past Participle (V3) + (by + agent)?
• The subject in the active sentence is the new bridge, and the main verb is open.
• When converting to passive, the verb open must be changed to its Past Participle form, which is opened.
• Following the rule, the passive construction becomes: Will + the new bridge + be + opened + for traffic next week?.
• This perfectly aligns with the grammatical requirements for maintaining the future timeline and the interrogative mood.

 Additional Information

• The other options are incorrect because they change the tense of the original sentence:
• Is the new bridge opened... represents the Simple Present Passive, which is used for facts or habitual actions, not future intentions.
• Has the new bridge been opened... represents the Present Perfect Passive, which denotes an action completed in the immediate past.
• Was the new bridge opened... represents the Simple Past Passive, which refers to an action that occurred at a specific time in the past.
• The auxiliary verb (will) must remain consistent with the future time marker (next week) provided in the context.

The correct answer is Do the mentors provide proper guidance to all newly admitted students?.

Key Points

• The given sentence is in the Passive Voice and follows the Interrogative Form of the Simple Present Tense. The structure used is Is/Am/Are + Object + V3 (Past Participle) + by + Subject.
• To convert this into Active Voice, the Object of the passive sentence (the mentors) must become the Subject of the active sentence, and the Subject of the passive sentence (proper guidance) must become the Object.
• In the Simple Present Tense, the interrogative active structure is Do/Does + Subject + V1 (Base Form) + Object. Since the new subject 'the mentors' is plural, the auxiliary verb 'Do' is required.
• The main verb 'provided' (V3) is converted back to its base form, 'provide' (V1), to satisfy the grammatical requirements of the Active Voice in this tense.
• The remaining prepositional phrase 'to all newly admitted students' remains unchanged and is placed at the end of the clause to maintain the original meaning.

 Additional Information

• Rules for Voice Change across Tenses:
• Simple Past Tense: The active form uses 'Did' while the passive uses 'Was/Were + V3'. For example, 'Did they provide guidance?' becomes 'Was guidance provided by them?'
• Present Perfect Tense: The active form uses 'Has/Have + V3' while the passive uses 'Has/Have + been + V3'. This explains why the option starting with 'Have' is incorrect for a simple present passive sentence.
• Simple Future Tense: The active form uses 'Will + V1' while the passive uses 'Will + be + V3'. This distinguishes the Future Tense from the Simple Present Tense used in the question.
• Subject-Verb Agreement: It is critical to match the auxiliary verb (Do/Does) with the number of the subject. 'Do' is used with I, You, We, They and plural nouns, whereas 'Does' is used with He, She, It and singular nouns.

The correct answer is 'for'.

 

Key Points

• The preposition 'for' is used to indicate a period of time or duration.
• In the given sentence, 'the summer' represents a specific duration of time that the politician intends to spend at his rural estate.
• Therefore, 'for' is the grammatically correct choice to show how long the stay will last.
• Options 2, 3, and 4 do not correctly describe a period of duration in this specific sentence structure.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 1.

 

Complete Sentence: 'The politician is going to his rural estate for the summer.'

 

Additional Information

• Option 2: 'of' is generally used to show possession, belonging, or origin (e.g., the owner of the estate).
• Option 3: 'since' is used to indicate a specific point in time when an action started, typically used with perfect tenses (e.g., He has been there since June).
• Option 4: 'from' is used to denote a starting point in time or space (e.g., He is traveling from the city).

The correct answer is conducive to innovation or inclusivity.

Key Points

• The primary error in the original sentence lies in the prepositional collocation. In standard English, the adjective conducive is strictly followed by the preposition to when indicating that a situation or environment makes a particular outcome likely.
• The phrase conducive of is considered non-standard or archaic in modern usage; therefore, the replacement must utilize the to-infinitive structure or a prepositional phrase starting with to.
• The sentence requires parallelism, a grammatical principle where items in a series must share the same grammatical form. In the correct option, innovation and inclusivity are both abstract nouns, maintaining the logical balance of the sentence.
• While the original sentence used the conjunction and, the option conducive to innovation or inclusivity is the only one that corrects the fundamental idiomatic error while preserving the noun-noun parallel structure.
• In the context of economic and social reforms, creating an atmosphere that is conducive to progress is a common idiomatic expression used to describe facilitating growth or development.

 Additional Information

• Analysis of Incorrect Options:
• conducive of innovations with inclusiveness: This option fails because it retains the incorrect preposition of and changes the meaning by using with, which does not effectively link the two goals to the atmosphere being created.
• conducive to innovate and inclusivity: This choice violates the rule of parallelism. It attempts to pair the verb innovate with the noun inclusivity. For a sentence to be grammatically sound, both elements linked by and or or should be of the same part of speech (i.e., both nouns).
• No improvement required: This is incorrect because the original phrase conducive of is a grammatical error that must be corrected to conducive to.
• Key Definitions:
• Innovation: The practical implementation of ideas that result in the introduction of new goods or services or improvement in offering goods or services.
• Inclusivity: The policy or practice of providing equal access to opportunities and resources for people who might otherwise be excluded or marginalized.

The correct answer is Option 2.

Key Points

• The paragraph describes a transition from a physical setting to an internal emotional shift in the character Elliot.
• S1 is the fixed opening sentence that sets the scene: The grey afternoon had softened into night, and it was snowing.
• Sentence A follows S1 as it continues the atmospheric description of the snow and establishes the physical location: The falling snow whirled like a furious mist in the headlight beams on Route 7 and settled implacably on Elliot's cheeks and eyelids.
• Sentence C is the third sentence, transitioning from the external environment to the protagonist's immediate internal reaction: His heart, for no good reason, leaped up in childlike expectation.
• Sentence D is the fourth sentence as it provides the abstract reasoning for his hopeful state: He had run away from a dream and encountered possibility.
• Sentence B is the fifth sentence because it further defines the possibility as a concrete feeling of a promise: He felt in possession of a promise.
• S2 is the fixed closing sentence showing the character taking action based on his internal state: He began to walk toward the roadside lights.
• The correct logical sequence is ACDB.

Coherent paragraph after rearrangement:

The grey afternoon had softened into night, and it was snowing. The falling snow whirled like a furious mist in the headlight beams on Route 7 and settled implacably on Elliot's cheeks and eyelids. His heart, for no good reason, leaped up in childlike expectation. He had run away from a dream and encountered possibility. He felt in possession of a promise. He began to walk toward the roadside lights.

The correct answer is Option 2.

 

Key Points

• The primary error in the sentence is the incorrect use of an apostrophe in the possessive pronoun 'theirs'.
• Possessive pronouns such as theirs, ours, yours, hers, and its never take an apostrophe.
• The word 'theirs' functions as a possessive pronoun here, standing in for the phrase 'their production plan' to avoid repetition.
• The use of the comparative degree 'more sustainable' is appropriate because the sentence compares two distinct production plans.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 2.

 

Correct Sentence: 'I am confident that our production plan is more sustainable than theirs.'

 

Additional Information

• Option 1: 'their' is a possessive adjective and requires a noun immediately following it (e.g., 'more sustainable than their plan').
• Option 3: 'most' is the superlative form, used when comparing three or more things; here, only two are being compared. Additionally, 'theirs'' is not a valid word in English.
• Possessive Pronouns vs. Adjectives: Possessive pronouns (mine, ours, yours, his, hers, its, theirs) replace a noun phrase, while possessive adjectives (my, our, your, his, her, its, their) modify a noun that follows them.

The correct answer is 'trigger'.

Key Points

• The passage discusses Asthma, a respiratory condition, and how various environmental factors affect it.
• In the sentence, the word 'triggers' is used as a noun to refer to allergens like dust, pollen, and pollution.
• The blank requires a verb that describes what these factors do to asthma symptoms.
• The verb 'trigger' means to cause a sudden reaction or to initiate an event, which perfectly fits the context of allergens causing a flare-up of symptoms.
• The resulting difficulty in breathing indicates that these factors provoke rather than help the condition.

Therefore, the correct answer is 'Option 2'.

Complete Passage: Asthma is a chronic respiratory condition that affects millions of people worldwide. It is characterized by episodes of wheezing, shortness of breath, and chest tightness, which occur when the airways become inflamed and constricted. The exact cause of asthma remains unclear, but it is believed to be a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Certain triggers, such as dust, pollen, pet dander, and air pollution, can A. trigger asthma symptoms, making it difficult for sufferers to breathe. Managing asthma involves both preventative and rescue measures. Medications such as inhalers are commonly used to reduce inflammation and open the airways. However, these medications alone are not enough. It is important for individuals with asthma to identify their B. known triggers and avoid them whenever possible. Additionally, lifestyle changes such as regular exercise and a healthy diet can help strengthen the immune system and improve lung function. Despite advances in treatment, asthma can still be a debilitating condition. In severe cases, it may lead to hospitalization or even death. This makes early diagnosis and proper management C. very essential for those affected by the disease. Furthermore, public awareness about asthma is crucial to help people understand the severity of the condition and seek prompt medical attention. The lack of awareness can lead to D. life-threatening consequences, including inadequate treatment and mismanagement of asthma attacks. Moreover, it is important to remember that asthma is a E. chronic condition that requires long-term care and vigilance.

Additional Information

• Relieve: This means to alleviate or reduce pain or distress, which is the opposite of what an allergen does to symptoms.
• Prevent: This means to keep something from happening. Allergens do not prevent symptoms; they cause them.
• Treat: This involves medical care to improve a condition. Dust and pollen are not medical treatments for asthma.

The correct answer is 'known'.

Key Points

• The sentence focuses on how individuals with asthma can manage their condition by recognizing and staying away from substances that cause attacks.
• The word required for blank (B) must describe the 'triggers' that a patient has already identified through diagnosis or experience.
• 'Known' is the most logical fit because it implies that once a person identifies which specific factors (like pollen or dust) affect them, those triggers become 'known', allowing the person to avoid them.
• Grammatically, an adjective is needed to modify the noun 'triggers', and contextually, identification leads to knowledge.

Therefore, the correct answer is 'Option 2'.

Complete Passage: Asthma is a chronic respiratory condition that affects millions of people worldwide. It is characterized by episodes of wheezing, shortness of breath, and chest tightness, which occur when the airways become inflamed and constricted. The exact cause of asthma remains unclear, but it is believed to be a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Certain triggers, such as dust, pollen, pet dander, and air pollution, can 1. trigger asthma symptoms, making it difficult for sufferers to breathe. Managing asthma involves both preventative and rescue measures. Medications such as inhalers are commonly used to reduce inflammation and open the airways. However, these medications alone are not enough. It is important for individuals with asthma to identify their 2. known triggers and avoid them whenever possible. Additionally, lifestyle changes such as regular exercise and a healthy diet can help strengthen the immune system and improve lung function. Despite advances in treatment, asthma can still be a debilitating condition. In severe cases, it may lead to hospitalization or even death. This makes early diagnosis and proper management 3. very essential for those affected by the disease. Furthermore, public awareness about asthma is crucial to help people understand the severity of the condition and seek prompt medical attention. The lack of awareness can lead to 4. life-threatening consequences, including inadequate treatment and mismanagement of asthma attacks. Moreover, it is important to remember that asthma is a 5. chronic condition that requires long-term care and vigilance.

Additional Information

• Immediate: Refers to something happening instantly; while triggers can cause immediate reactions, the goal of management is to identify the specific sources, not just the timing.
• Unknown: Refers to things that are not identified; one cannot actively avoid a trigger if it remains unknown.
• Knowingly: This is an adverb meaning in a way that shows one has knowledge; it does not grammatically fit as a descriptor for the noun 'triggers' in this context.

The correct answer is 'very'.

Key Points

• The sentence discusses the significance of early diagnosis and proper management of asthma to prevent severe consequences like hospitalization or death.
• The word 'essential' is an adjective that means absolutely necessary or extremely important.
• To emphasize this necessity, an intensifier is required. In general English usage, 'very' is a common intensifier used to strengthen the meaning of an adjective.
• The phrase 'very essential' underscores the critical nature of managing the condition promptly.

Therefore, the correct answer is 'Option 2'.

Complete Passage: Asthma is a chronic respiratory condition that affects millions of people worldwide. It is characterized by episodes of wheezing, shortness of breath, and chest tightness, which occur when the airways become inflamed and constricted. The exact cause of asthma remains unclear, but it is believed to be a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Certain triggers, such as dust, pollen, pet dander, and air pollution, can trigger asthma symptoms, making it difficult for sufferers to breathe. Managing asthma involves both preventative and rescue measures. Medications such as inhalers are commonly used to reduce inflammation and open the airways. However, these medications alone are not enough. It is important for individuals with asthma to identify their known triggers and avoid them whenever possible. Additionally, lifestyle changes such as regular exercise and a healthy diet can help strengthen the immune system and improve lung function. Despite advances in treatment, asthma can still be a debilitating condition. In severe cases, it may lead to hospitalization or even death. This makes early diagnosis and proper management very essential for those affected by the disease. Furthermore, public awareness about asthma is crucial to help people understand the severity of the condition and seek prompt medical attention. The lack of awareness can lead to life-threatening consequences, including inadequate treatment and mismanagement of asthma attacks. Moreover, it is important to remember that asthma is a chronic condition that requires long-term care and vigilance.

Additional Information

• More: This is used for comparisons (e.g., 'more essential than X') and does not fit the structure of the sentence.
• Much: This is typically used with comparative adjectives (e.g., much better) or uncountable nouns, rather than directly before a positive degree adjective like 'essential'.
• So: Usually requires a result clause (e.g., 'so essential that...') or is used in an exclamatory sense, which is not the case here.

The correct answer is 'life-threatening'.

Key Points

• The passage focuses on the severity and management of asthma, a respiratory condition.
• The sentence containing blank (D) refers to the potential results of a lack of awareness and mismanagement of the condition.
• The previous paragraph specifically mentions that in severe cases, asthma can lead to hospitalization or even death.
• 'Life-threatening' is the most appropriate adjective as it directly relates to the risk of death mentioned earlier, emphasizing the serious nature of the consequences.
• Other options like 'recurrent', 'sporadic', or 'rare' do not align with the context of extreme danger or severity established in the text.

Therefore, the correct answer is 'Option 4'.

Complete Passage: Asthma is a chronic respiratory condition that affects millions of people worldwide. It is characterized by episodes of wheezing, shortness of breath, and chest tightness, which occur when the airways become inflamed and constricted. The exact cause of asthma remains unclear, but it is believed to be a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Certain triggers, such as dust, pollen, pet dander, and air pollution, can 1. trigger asthma symptoms, making it difficult for sufferers to breathe. Managing asthma involves both preventative and rescue measures. Medications such as inhalers are commonly used to reduce inflammation and open the airways. However, these medications alone are not enough. It is important for individuals with asthma to identify their 2. known triggers and avoid them whenever possible. Additionally, lifestyle changes such as regular exercise and a healthy diet can help strengthen the immune system and improve lung function. Despite advances in treatment, asthma can still be a debilitating condition. In severe cases, it may lead to hospitalization or even death. This makes early diagnosis and proper management 3. very essential for those affected by the disease. Furthermore, public awareness about asthma is crucial to help people understand the severity of the condition and seek prompt medical attention. The lack of awareness can lead to 4. life-threatening consequences, including inadequate treatment and mismanagement of asthma attacks. Moreover, it is important to remember that asthma is a 5. chronic condition that requires long-term care and vigilance.

Additional Information

• Recurrent: Occurring often or repeatedly; while asthma attacks can be recurrent, it is less suitable for describing the severity of 'consequences' in this context.
• Sporadic: Occurring at irregular intervals or only in a few places; scattered or isolated.
• Rare: Not occurring very often; this word would downplay the actual danger of mismanaged asthma described in the text.

The correct answer is 'chronic'.

Key Points

• The sentence indicates that asthma is a condition that requires long-term care and vigilance.
• The word 'chronic' refers to a medical condition or illness that is persistent or otherwise long-lasting in its effects or a disease that comes with time.
• The passage itself begins by defining asthma as a 'chronic respiratory condition', which confirms that the blank should be filled with 'chronic'.
• Other options like 'acute' (short-term/sudden), 'temporary' (non-permanent), and 'preventable' do not logically align with the requirement for long-term care in the context of a permanent respiratory condition.

Therefore, the correct answer is 'Option 1'.

Complete Passage: Asthma is a chronic respiratory condition that affects millions of people worldwide. It is characterized by episodes of wheezing, shortness of breath, and chest tightness, which occur when the airways become inflamed and constricted. The exact cause of asthma remains unclear, but it is believed to be a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Certain triggers, such as dust, pollen, pet dander, and air pollution, can A. trigger asthma symptoms, making it difficult for sufferers to breathe. Managing asthma involves both preventative and rescue measures. Medications such as inhalers are commonly used to reduce inflammation and open the airways. However, these medications alone are not enough. It is important for individuals with asthma to identify their B. known triggers and avoid them whenever possible. Additionally, lifestyle changes such as regular exercise and a healthy diet can help strengthen the immune system and improve lung function. Despite advances in treatment, asthma can still be a debilitating condition. In severe cases, it may lead to hospitalization or even death. This makes early diagnosis and proper management C. very essential for those affected by the disease. Furthermore, public awareness about asthma is crucial to help people understand the severity of the condition and seek prompt medical attention. The lack of awareness can lead to D. life-threatening consequences, including inadequate treatment and mismanagement of asthma attacks. Moreover, it is important to remember that asthma is a E. chronic condition that requires long-term care and vigilance.

Additional Information

• Acute: Refers to a condition that is severe and sudden in onset but lasts for a short period.
• Temporary: Lasting for only a limited period of time; not permanent.
• Preventable: Able to be stopped or kept from happening. While asthma attacks can be prevented, the underlying condition itself is generally managed rather than prevented once developed.