The logic followed here is :-

'MANGOES' is written as 'AEGMNOS'.

'FRIEND' will be written as :

Hence, the correct answer is "DEFINR".

The sequence followed here is :-

1) S is facing the south.

2) P, Q, R, S, T, U, V and W are sitting anticlockwise around a circular table in the same sequence at equal distances between them. All are facing the centre of the table.

3) Then V and Q interchange their positions.

∴ Here, after interchanging Q and V positions Q is sitting in 'South-west'.

Hence, the correct answer is "South-west".

The least possible Venn diagram for the given representation of segments is as shown below :

∴ Here, '19' teachers are online educators and also part-time workers.

Hence, the correct answer is "19".

Family chart :

1) Mira is the wife of Ketan.

2) Rani is the mother of Ketan and the wife of Surendra.

3) Chaitanya is the son of Rani.

4) Chaitanya is the brother of Kapila, who is the wife of Sudeep.

Here Chaitanya is the brother of Kapila and Kapila is the wife of Sudeep.

• ∴ Here, Surendra is 'father-in-law' of Sudeep.
• Hence, the correct answer is "Father-in-law".

Total amount = Rs. 1,189

Total amount divided among Rakesh, Mrinal, Sanjay is in ratio of = 11 : 13 : 17

Total amount divided into number of parts = 11 + 13 + 17 = 41 parts

∴ 41 parts = Rs. 1,189

⇒ 1 part = 1189 ÷ 41

⇒ 1 part = Rs. 29

Number of parts Sanjay received = 17 parts

Amount of Sanjay got = 17 × 29 = 493/-

Number of parts Rakesh received = 11 parts

Amount of Rakesh = 11 × 29 = 319

Amount of Sanjay got more than Rakesh = 493 - 319 = 174/-

Hence, the correct answer is "174".

Opposite surface of the open dice can be found by the below method:-

• Alternate surfaces are opposite to each other.
• No two opposite surface are touched by side or by corners

So, by using the above rule we can find the opposite surface of open dice.

In the given figure, Opposite faces are :

∴ Here, the opposite side of + symbol is '=' symbol.

Hence, the correct answer is "=".

The mirror image of the given combination when the mirror is place at the right side is as shown below :

• The line PQ is the mirror.
• The given word "GN21qK" ends with 'K'. So the mirror image will start with "

" ⇒ Option 3 is eliminated.

• The given word "GN21qK" has second last letter 'q', So the mirror image should be "

" ⇒ Option 1 is eliminated.

• The given word "GN21qK" has third last digit '1', So the mirror image should be "

" ⇒ Option 2 is eliminated.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 4".

Given:- L _ _ R _ T _ M P _ S _ _ M P _ S T

By checking options and substituting accordingly.

1) M, P, S, L, R, T, L, R → L M P R S T - L M P R S T - L M P R S T.

Here "L M P R S T" is repeated.

2) L, R, T, S, P, P, S, T → L L R R T T - S M P P S P - S M P T S T

3) L, M, R, S, L, M, P, R → L L M R R T - S M P L S M - P M P R S T

4) R, P, L, M, S, L, S, T → L  R P R L - T M M P S S - L S M P T S T

• Option (1) gives pattern of : L M P R S T - L M P R S T - L M P R S T.

Hence, the correct answer is "M, P, S, L, R, T, L, R".

The logic followed here is :-

First number = Second number³ + 2

345 : 7 → 7³ + 2 = 343 + 2 = 345

66 : 4 → 4³ + 2 = 64 + 2 = 66

Similarly, 

? : 9 → 93 + 2 = 729 + 2 = 731

Hence, the correct answer is "731".

The logic followed here is:

Hence, the correct answer is "E".

The logic followed here is :-

'SOIL' is coded as '38301824'.

Similarly,

'DECIMAL' will be coded as :

Hence, the correct answer is "81061826224".

The least possible Venn diagram for the given statements is as shown below :

Conclusions:

I. No equipment is an injection → True (As No injection is an equipment so, No equipment is an injection is True)

II. No medicine is an equipment → False (As Some medicines are injections and No injection is an equipment so No medicine is an equipment is not a definite relation given hence, False)

∴ Here, Only conclusion I is true.

Hence, the correct answer is "Only conclusion I follows".

After unfolding the given paper the image formed is as shown below :-

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 2".

The logic followed here is :-

'LEJ' is written as 'XJT'

and

'FAME' is written as 'LBZJ'.

Similarly,

'CABLE' will be written as :

Hence, the correct answer is "FBDXJ".

The logic followed here is :-

Minority is antonym of Majority.

Similarly,

'Artificial' is antonym of Natural.

Hence, the correct answer is "Artificial".

Key Points

Synonyms :

⇒ Majority means more than half of people in a group

⇒ Minority means less than half of people in a group.

⇒ Natural means which is realistic.

⇒ Artificial means which is not realistic i.e., fake.

By using BODMAS RULE :

Option 1) : × and -

Given equation is : 12 - 14 × 21 ÷ 7 + 28 = 193 

After interchanging the symbols the equation formed is : 

⇒ 12 × 14 - 21 ÷ 7 + 28 = 193

⇒ 12 × 14 - 3 + 28 = 193

⇒ 168 - 3 + 28 = 193

⇒ 196 - 3 = 193

⇒ 193 = 193

LHS = RHS

Option 2) : + and ×

Given equation is : 12 - 14 × 21 ÷ 7 + 28 = 193 

After interchanging the symbols the equation formed is : 

⇒ 12 - 14 + 21 ÷ 7 × 28 = 193

⇒ 12 - 14 + 3 × 28 = 193

⇒ 12 - 14 + 84 = 193

⇒ 96 - 14 = 193

⇒ 82 ≠ 193

LHS ≠ RHS

Option 3) : + and ÷

Given equation is : 12 - 14 × 21 ÷ 7 + 28 = 193 

After interchanging the symbols the equation formed is :

⇒ 12 - 14 × 21 + 7 ÷ 28 = 193

⇒ 12 - 14 × 21 + 0.25 = 193

⇒ 12 - 294 + 0.25 = 193

⇒ 12.25 - 294 = 193

⇒ - 281.75 ≠ 193

LHS ≠ RHS

Option 4) : × and ÷

Given equation is : 12 - 14 × 21 ÷ 7 + 28 = 193 

After interchanging the symbols the equation formed is : 

⇒ 12 - 14 ÷ 21 × 7 + 28 = 193

⇒ 12 - 0.66 × 7 + 28 = 193

⇒ 12 - 4.66 + 28 = 193

⇒ 40 - 4.66 = 193

⇒ 35.33 ≠ 193

LHS ≠ RHS

Hence, the correct answer is "× and -".

The logic followed here is :-

ORATOR : RQDSRQ

<br>

Similarly,

TACKLE : ?

<br>

Hence, the correct answer is "WZFJOD".

The logic followed here is:

Hence, the correct answer is "62".

The logic followed here is :-

1) HLM

2) KOP

3) PRT

4) DHI

∴ Here, 'PRT' is different from other three alternatives.

Hence, the correct answer is "PRT".

Six persons, P, Q, R, S, T and U, are watching a movie sitting in a line, all facing the north.

1) Q is sitting at one of the corners.

Case (i) :

Case (ii) :

2) S is sitting between P and Q.

Case (i) :

Case (ii) :

3) T is at second place to the left of P.

Here case (i) gets eliminated.

4) R is third to the left of Q.

6. Position of all six persons.

∴ Here, 'U' is sitting in other corner.

Hence, the correct answer is "U".

The logic followed here is:

• symbol is rotated 45⁰ clockwise from figure to figure.

• Figure 1 to figure 2 inner square vertices are connected with outer square vertices.
• Figure 2 to figure 3 inner square vertices are connected with outer square vertices,
• Figure 3 to figure 4 inner square vertices has to be connected with outer square vertices.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 3".

Confusion Points The inner figure is the same in option(1) and option (4), but if you analyze the given figures sequences and Both similar options(according to you) you found that the vertices of the squares of both inner and outer squares should be different, and we have to choose jointed vertices option.

Option 1: 

Option 3: 

Hence, option 3 is correct.

The logic followed here is:

Hence, the correct answer is "256".

The image embedded in given figure is as shown below :

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 2".

The arrangement of the given words in the order in which they appear in an English dictionary is as shown below :

Two letters "P and E" are common in the words.

1. Pegmatites
2. Percodan
3. Perfection
4. Peroration
5. Persistence

Hence, the correct answer is "1, 4, 5, 3, 2".

The logic followed here is :-

• Second number = (First number × Third number) + (First number + Third number).

              ♦  (9, 79, 7) → (9 × 7) + (9 + 7) = 63 + 16 = 79

Similarly,

              ♦  (15, 239, 14) → (15 × 14) + (15 + 14) = 210 + 29 = 239

Hence, the correct answer is "(15, 239, 14)".

The correct answer isinertia.

Key Points

• The natural tendency of objects to resist a change in their state of rest or of uniform motion is known as inertia.
• The state of motion of an object is defined by its velocity - the speed with a direction.
• Thus, inertia could be redefined as follows:
• Inertia: the tendency of an object to resist changes in its velocity.

Additional Information

• Force-
• Force, in mechanics, any action that tends to maintain or alter the motion of a body or to distort it. The concept of force is commonly explained in terms of Isaac Newton’s three laws of motion set forth in his Principia Mathematica (1687).
• Momentum-
• Momentum, a product of the mass of a particle and its velocity. Momentum is a vector quantity; i.e., it has both magnitude and direction. Isaac Newton’s second law of motion states that the time rate of change of momentum is equal to the force acting on the particle
• Energy-
• In physics, energy is the quantitative property that must be transferred to an object in order to perform work on, or to heat, the object. Energy is a conserved quantity; the law of conservation of energy states that energy can be converted in form, but not created or destroyed.

The correct answer is Poland.

Key Points

• Iga Swiatek won the Women's Singles event at the French Open 2020.
• Polish teenager Iga Swiatek completed a stunning rise by becoming the lowest-ranked woman to win the French Open after beating American Sofia Kenin.
• French Open is the premier clay court tennis championship tournament in the world.

Additional Information

• Katie Boulter is a British tennis player. Boulter, from Woodhouse Eaves, Leicestershire, has won six singles titles and four doubles titles on the ITF Women's Circuit.
• Elina Mykhailivna Svitolina is a Ukrainian professional tennis player.
• Sofia Anna "Sonya" Kenin is an American professional tennis player.

The correct answer is Escape clause.

Key Points

• Escape Clause allows the government to breach its fiscal deficit target by 0.5% points at times of severe stress in the economy.
• In accordance with Article 4 (2) of the Act, the Centre may exceed its annual budget deficit target if given specific reasons.
• The reason could be:
• National Security, War
• National Disaster
• Agricultural Collapse
• Structural Reform
• Decline in real output growth of a quarter by at least three percentage points below the average of the previous four quarters.

Additional Information

• In 2018, the FRBM Act was amended to insert what is popularly known as the escape clause as recommended by the NK Singh FRBM Review Committee in 2017.
• It said that the exceptional circumstances cited in the FRBM Act, 2003 had to be laid down clearly leaving no scope for misuse.
• In 2018, the FRBM Act was amended to allow breach of the rules - for example, exceed the fiscal deficit target- under three conditions:
• Over-riding considerations of national security, acts of war, and calamities of national proportion and collapse of agriculture severely affecting farm output and incomes.
• Far-reaching structural reforms in the economy with unanticipated fiscal implications.
• A sharp decline in real output growth of at least 3 percentage points below the average for the previous four quarters.

The correct answer is Sikkim.

Key Points

• As per state census 2011, which of the Sikkim is the least populous state of India.
• The least populated state in the country was Sikkim with a population of 6.71 lakhs.

Additional Information

• According to Census 2011:
• C M Chandramauli was the Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India for the 2011 Indian Census.
• Uttar Pradesh is the most populous state.
• Maharashtra is the second most populous state in India.
• The sex ratio in the country was is 943 females per 1000 males.
• Haryana has the lowest sex ratio with just 877 women per 1000 males.
• Bihar has the highest population density.
• The overall literacy rate in India is 74% according to the 2011 census.
• Bihar is the least literate state in India, with a literacy of 63.82%.
• Goa was the most urbanized state with 62.17% of the population living in urban areas.

The correct answer is Gujarat.

Key Points

• 'Vinchhudo' dance primarily associated with Gujarat.
• Traditional dance forms of Gujarat:
• Garba
• Dandiya
• Bhavai
• Tippani
• Padhar
• Hoodo

Additional Information

• 8 Classical Dances of India and States:

The correct answer is Expansionary Fiscal Policy.

Key Points

• The government takes the route of expansionary fiscal policy i.e. the government expenditure is increased and taxes are reduced.
• This increases the consumption potential of the economy and helps soften the recession.
• Counter-cyclical fiscal policy refers to the steps taken by the government that goes against the direction of the economic or business cycle.
• Thus, in a recession or slowdown, the government increases expenditure and reduces taxes to create a demand that can drive an economic boom.

Additional Information

• The government takes the route of contractionary fiscal policy i.e. the government expenditure is decreased and taxes are increased.
• This decreases the consumption potential of the economy and helps moderate the boom.

The correct answer is Bahlul Lodi.

Key Points

• Bahlol Lodi is the founder of the Lodi dynasty.
• In 1479, the Sharqi Empire lost Jaunpur and Hussain Shah fled to Bengal.
• The graves of most of the Sharqi sultans and their nobles are close to the Jama Masjid.
• He won Jaunpur in 1484 and merged it in the Delhi sultanate.

Additional Information

• The rulers of Delhi:
• EARLY TURKISH RULERS 1206-1290
• Qutbuddin Aybak 1206 -1210
• Shamsuddin Iltutmish 1210 -1236
• Raziyya 1236 -1240
• Ghiyasuddin Balban 1266 -1287
• KHALJI DYNASTY 1290 - 1320
• Jalaluddin Khalji 1290 - 1296
• Alauddin Khalji 1296 -1316
• TUGHLUQ DYNASTY 1320 - 1414
• Ghiyasuddin Tughluq 1320 -1324
• Muhammad Tughluq 1324 -1351
• Firuz Shah Tughluq 1351 -1388
• SAYYID DYNASTY 1414 - 1451
• Khizr Khan 1414 -1421
• LODI DYNASTY 1451 - 1526
• Bahlul Lodi 1451 -1489

The correct answer is Kakori Conspiracy.

Key Points

• Kakori Conspiracy took place on 9th August 1925 in Lucknow in which Rs. 1 lakh were stolen.
• The Kakori Conspiracy or the Kakori train robbery was organized by Hindustan Republican Army.
• Hindustan Socialist Republican Association was formed by Chandrasekhar Azad, Bhagat Singh, Sukhdev Thapar and Jogesh Chandra Chatterjee in 1928.
• It was established at the Feroz Shah Kotla, Delhi.
• It published its manifesto called, 'The Revolutionary'.
• It was also known as the Hindustan Socialist Republican Army.
• The organization was responsible for assassinating John Saunders in 1928 and bombing the Central Legislative Assembly in Delhi in 1929.

Additional Information

• The robbery was planned by Ram Prasad Bismil and Ashfaqullah Khan.
• It was executed by Bismil, Khan, Chandrashekhar Azad, Rajendra Lahiri, Shachindra Bakshi, Keshab Chakravarty, Murari Lal Khanna(Gupta), Banwari Lal, Mukundi Lal Gupta and Manmathnath Gupta.
• The target was the guard cabin, carrying money collected from various railway stations to be deposited in Lucknow.
• The final verdict of the Kakori Kand was pronounced in July 1927.
• Around 15 people were let off by the court for lack of evidence.
• Death sentences were awarded to:
• Ram Prasad Bismil
• Ashfaqullah Khan
• Thakur Roshan Singh
• Rajendra Lahiri

The correct answer is A frying pan is an example of an opaque object.

Key Points

• Luminous Object 
• Light is generated and emitted by luminous objects only and therefore, such objects are responsible for our vision.
• Sun emits light as a result of fusion of hydrogen atoms.
• Transparent object:
• The object that allows light to pass through them or the objects across we can see are transparent objects.
• Examples. Glass, water.
• Translucent object: 
• The object that partially allows light to pass through them are translucent objects.
• Example filter paper.
• Opaque object:
• The object across which light cannot pass are called opaque object.
• For example, cardboard, books, frying pan, wooden box etc.

The correct answer is Bhopal.

Key Points

• The 'Lendiya Talab' located at Bhopal.
• Bhopal is the capital city of Madhya Pradesh.
• Famous as the City of Lakes with the various natural and artificial lakes.
• It has many natural and artificial lakes and for being it is also one of the greenest cities in India.
• Bhopal is the capital city of Madhya Pradesh it is the 16th largest city in India.
• Bharat Bhawan is located in this capital city.
• Charles Correa is the architect of Bhavan, it got opened in 1982 and faces the upper lake of Bhopal.

Additional Information

• There are around 14 lakes in Bhopal. Some of them are as follows:
• Upper Lake.
• Lower Lake
• Shahpura Lake
• Navab Siddiqui Hasan Talab
• Motia Talab.

The correct answer is Pierre de Coubertin.

Key Points

• The Fundamental Principles of the Olympic Charter are based on a document written by Pierre de Coubertin.
• He is a French educator and historian, founder of the International Olympic Committee, and its second president.
• He is known as the father of the modern Olympic Games.
• He was born into a French aristocratic family, he became an academic and studied a broad range of topics, most notably education and history.
• He graduated with a degree in law and public affairs from the Paris Institute of Political Studies (Sciences Po).
• It was at Sciences Po that he came up with the idea of the Summer Olympic Games.
• The Pierre de Coubertin medal (also known as the Coubertin medal or the True Spirit of Sportsmanship medal) is an award given by the International Olympic Committee to athletes who demonstrate the spirit of sportsmanship in the Olympic Games.

Additional Information

• Olympic Games
• The first occurrence of the modern Olympic Games was the Athens Games.
• From 6 April to 15 April 1896, an athletic festival was held in Athens.
• Around 280 athletes, attended the inaugural Games of the Modern Olympics.
• The athletes competed in 43 events.
• Every year on 23rd June World Olympic Day is celebrated to promote the idea of the Olympics.

The correct answer is 1941.

Key Points

• In 1941 Subhash Chandra Bose escape from under British surveillance.
• Bose escaped from under British surveillance from his Elgin Road house in Calcutta on the night of 17 January 1941, accompanied by his nephew Sisir Kumar Bose.
• Later reaching Gomoh Railway Station (now Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose Gomoh Station) in the then state of Bihar (now Jharkhand), India.
• He reached Russia via Afghanistan.
• This incident is also known as "The Great Escape".

Additional Information

• He was twice elected President of the Indian National Congress.
• Bose had set up an Indian Legion in Berlin in 1941 but developed difficulties with the Germans when they tried to use it against Russia and decided to go to South East Asia.
• He reached Japanese-controlled Singapore from Germany in July 1943.
• He issued his famous call, ‘Delhi Chalo’, and announced the formation of the Azad Hind Government and the Indian National Army on 21st October 1943.

The correct answer is Chaitra.

Key Points

• Chaitra is the first month of the Indian national calendar year beginning on 22 March, which is the day after the spring equinox
• Months:
• Chaitra - March - April
• Vaishakh - April - May
• Jyeshta - May - June
• Ashadh - June - July
• Shravan - July - August
• Bhadrapada - August - September
• Ashwin - September - October
• Kartik - October - November
• Margashirsh - November - December
• Paush - December - January
• Magh - January - February
• Falgun - February - March

Additional Information

• The National Calendar of India is based on the Saka Calendar.
• It is used as the country's official civil calendar.
• The Saka Samvat, a historic Hindu calendar that was eventually established as the 'Indian National Calendar' in 1957 began during the Saka Era. The Saka Era is thought to have been founded by King Shalivanhana of the Shatavahana dynasty.
• The Saka Calendar has 365 days and 12 months, similar to the structure of the Gregorian Calendar.
• Chaitra, the first month of the Saka Samvat, begins on March 22, which corresponds to March 21 during the leap year.

The correct answer is Neon.

Key Points

• Neon is a chemical element with the atomic number 10.
• The electronic configuration of neon-1s22s22p6.
• Atomic Symbol-Ne.
• Atomic mass-20.1797 u.
• Neon is a noble gas.

Additional Information

• It is non-reactive as its shells are full and electrons are not available to readily exchange.
• It is under Group 18 and Period 2.
• The largest use of Neon is in advertising-Neon gas signs.
• Neon glows a reddish-orange color in a vacuum discharge tube.
• Neon is also used to make high-voltage indicators and switching gear, diving equipment, and lasers.
• It is the fifth most abundant element in the universe.

The correct answer is The Vice-president of India is ex officio Chairman of the Rajya Sabha.

Key Points

• The Vice-president of India is ex officio Chairman of the Rajya Sabha.
• The post of Vice President of India is the second-highest constitutional post in the country.
• Their tenure is of five years duration.
• He may continue in office till the end of this period, till he assumes the office of his successor.
• According to the Constitution, the Vice-President can be removed from office by a resolution of the Rajya Sabha which is passed by a majority of the then members of the Rajya Sabha and which the Lok Sabha agrees to.
• A resolution for this purpose can be presented only when a notice to this effect has been given at least 14 days in advance.

Additional Information​ 

• The Election Commission of India conducts elections for the post of Vice President.
• To act as the Executive President in accordance with Article 65 of the Constitution in the absence of the President due to the absence, death, or any other reason.
• The Vice President of India is the ex-officio Chairman of the Rajya Sabha, whose work is conducted by the Rajya Sabha.
• There is no provision for impeachment in the Constitution to remove the Vice President of India.

The correct answer is Manoj Sinha.

Key Points

• Manoj Sinha is an Indian politician and is the current Lieutenant Governor of Jammu and Kashmir.
• He served as the Minister of State for Railways and Minister of State (Independent Charge) for Communications in the Government of India.
• Mr. Sinha represented from Ghazipur for three terms from the Bharatiya Janata Party and he was elected as Member of Parliament in the Lok Sabha.

Additional Information 

• In the constitution of India, a Lieutenant Governor is the constitutional head of five of the eight union territories. The L-G is appointed by the President of India for a term of five years and holds office at the President's pleasure.
• The President of India shall appoint the Lieutenant Governor under article 239 of the Indian Constitution.
• The Lieutenant Governor will be assisted by advisors appointed by the Centre since the Union Territory will not have a Legislative Assembly.
• The Chief Minister shall be appointed by the Lieutenant Governor who will also appoint other ministers with the aid of the CM.
• The Lieutenant Governor will have the power to promulgate ordinances that shall have the same force and effect as an act of the Legislative Assembly assented by the LG.
• Since the union territories of Jammu and Kashmir, Puducherry, and Delhi have a measure of self-government with an elected legislature and council of ministers, the role of the lieutenant governor there is mostly a ceremonial one, akin to that of a state's governor.
• In Ladakh and the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, however, the lieutenant governor holds more power, being both the head of state and head of government.
• The other three union territories Dadra and Nagar Haveli, Chandigarh, and Lakshadweep are governed by an administrator.

The correct answer is 2016.

Key Points

• Deepa Malik created history at the Rio Paralympics by becoming the first Indian woman to win a medal in the history of the Games.
• With a personal best throw of 4.61 meters, she won the silver medal in the women's shot put F53 event.
• She also won gold in the F-53/54 Javelin event at the para athletic Grand Prix held in Dubai in 2018.

Additional Information

• She is, presently, the president of the Paralympic Committee of India.
• In 2019, she was the recipient of the Rajiv Gandhi Khel Ratna Award in India.
• In 2019, she was the recipient of the International Women's Day Recognition by the International Paralympic Committee.
• She was the recipient of the Padma Shri award in 2017 for her achievements.
• In 2012, she was given the Arjuna Award for her performance in swimming.

The correct answer is Tamil Nadu.

Key Points

• Kamala Harris, the first female Vice-President of the US, has family roots in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu.
• Kamala Harris has made history by becoming the first woman vice president of the United States.
• Harris is the former Attorney general of California and now the first Black woman and African American elected as the vice president.
• As her mother is from India, she has also become the first person of Indian descent to hold the national office in the United States.

Additional Information

• USA:
• Capital - Washington, D.C.
• Currency - US Dollar.
• President- Joe Biden.

The correct answer is 2019-20.

Key Points

• Annie Zaidi won the Nine Dots Prize 2019-20.
• The Nine Dots Prize is a prize for creative thinking that tackles contemporary societal issues.
• Entrants are asked to respond to a question in 3,000 words, with the winner receiving US$100,000 to write a short book expanding on their ideas.
• All entrants with a minimum of 18 years of age and over are welcome to enter but responses and the resulting book must be in English.
• The Prize is sponsored by the Kadas Prize Foundation with support from the Centre for Research in the Arts, Social Sciences and Humanities (CRASSH) at the University of Cambridge and Cambridge University Press.
• The aim of the Prize is to promote, encourage, and engage innovative thinking to address problems facing the modern world.
• The name of the Prize references the nine dots puzzle – a lateral thinking puzzle that can only be solved by thinking outside the box.

Additional Information 

• Annie Zaidi:-
• ​She is a Mumbai-based freelance writer.
• She won Nine Dots Prize for her entry titled ‘Bread, Cement, Cactus’.
• It was a combining memoir and reportage which explores concepts of home and the belonging rooted in her experience of contemporary life in India.

The correct answer is Ravi and Chenab rivers.

Key Points

• Rechna Doab is located between Ravi and Chenab rivers.
• The Doab is called the 'area between two rivers'. Such as the land between the Ganges and the Yamuna.

Additional Information

The correct answer is two.

Key Points

• A 'duopoly' is a type of oligopoly where in two firms have dominant or exclusive control over a market.
• Oligopoly:
• Buyers many but sellers few with intense competition.
• Product has close substitutes and intense competition amongst sellers. If one seller introduces change others have to follow. High cost of marketing and selling.
• Entry of new sellers tough due to economies of scale.
• The seller is a price maker.
• In the ordinary sense, the term market refers to a place where buyers and sellers meet for exchange.
• However, the Market need not be the place of exchange.

Additional Information

• Types of Market Structure
• Perfect Competition:
• Participants are high both buyers and sellers.
• Products have many substitutes and no marketing or selling cost is incurred.
• Knowledge of participants for entering into the market is perfect.
• The seller is a Price taker, not a price maker.
• A buyer willing to buy all at a certain price but none at price higher. So he is a price maker.
• Monopoly:
• Buyers are many but the seller is one.
• Product has no substitute or no close substitute
• Other competitors cant enter the market due to laws or patents.
• Price discrimination is seen between poor and rich. Seller is a Price maker.
• Relative Price inelastic increase means demand decreases by less than X% for an X% increase in price.
• A natural monopoly is when there is an extremely high fixed cost of distribution e.g. gas, water, electricity.
• Monopolistic competition:
• Many buyers and sellers but each selling its differentiated version of good.
• Marketing selling cost is high. Goods are of different brands where brand loyalty is seen to a limit but many substitutes are available.
• Unrestricted and free entry.
• Seller is Price maker to a level.
• Price increases by x% but demand decreases by less than x% - relatively inelastic. But more elastic than monopoly.
• Monopsony:
• The monopoly of the buyer but multiple sellers present.
• Entry closed for other buyers
• Seen where the government wants to make a defense-related purchase and multiple sellers are bidding for it.
• The Buyer is a price maker.

The correct answer is Sanchi.

Key Points

• Sanchi is associated with the Ashoka Pillar
• Ashoka got the inspiration for such pillars from Persians and the Greeks.
• They were generally monolithic and were made up of sandstone.
• They were polished pillars like the Lion Capital of Ashoka from Sarnath.
• The similarity of architecture suggests that they were all sculpted by craftsmen from the same region.
• The pillars have four component parts in two pieces.
• The three sections of the capitals are made in a single piece, often of a different stone to that of the monolithic shaft to which they are attached by a large metal dowel.

Additional Information

• The Ashoka pillars are a series of columns dispersed throughout the Indian subcontinent.
• The Mauryan Empire Ashoka used the expression Dhaṃma thaṃbha "pillars of the Dharma" to describe his own pillars.
• The Ashoka's pillars are among the earliest known stone sculptural remains from India.
• All Ashoka's pillars were built at Buddhist monasteries, many important sites from the life of the Buddha and places of pilgrimage.
• Some pillars were erected to commemorate visits by Ashoka.

The correct answer is August 2019.

Key Points

• Fit India Movement was launched by Prime Minister of India Narendra Modi at Indira Gandhi Stadium in New Delhi on 29 August 2019 on the occasion of National Sports Day.
• It is a Nation Wide Movement in India to motivates the people of India to remain Healthy and Fit by including Sports activities and Physical Activities in their daily lives.

Additional Information

• Fit India was founded in 1993 by Shri Suparno Satpathy and incorporated as a company in 2000.
• Fit India Movement is a nationwide movement in India that encourages people to remain healthy and fit by including physical and sports activities in their daily lives.

The correct answer is Bangladesh.

Key Points

• 100th Constitutional amendment Act, 2015 ratified the land boundary agreement(1974) between India and Bangladesh.
• According to the agreement, Bangladesh took over 111 enclaves from India’s possession and India received 51 enclaves from Bangladesh in the Cooch Behar
• Gave affect to acquire certain terrorizes of Bangladesh in exchange for certain territories

Additional Information

• Article 368 in Part XX of the Constitution deals with the powers of Parliament to amend the Constitution and its procedure.
• It states that the Parliament may, in the exercise of its constituent power, amend by way of addition, variation or repeal any provision of the Constitution in accordance with the procedure laid down for the purpose.

The correct answer is Mumbai Indians.

Key Points

• Mumbai Indians won the Indian Premier League (IPL), 2020.
• The final match was played between Mumbai Indians and Delhi Capitals.
• Mumbai Indians won this match by 5 wickets.
• Mumbai Indians also won Paytm Fairplay Award this year.
• This is the consecutive second time Mumbai Indians won the IPL title & and overall 5th time.
• IPL 2019: Mumbai Indians beat Chennai Super Kings by 1 run.
• IPL 2017: Mumbai Indians beat Rising Pune Supergiant by 1 run.
• IPL 2015: Mumbai Indians beat Chennai Super Kings by 41 runs.
• IPL 2013: Mumbai Indians beat Chennai Super Kings by 23 runs.
• Orange Cap - KL Rahul (670 runs)
• Purple Cap - Kagiso Rabada (30 wickets)

Additional Information 

• ​IPL 2020 was the 13th edition of India's premier T20 league.
• Indian Premier League was conceptualized after India's landmark victory in the maiden ICC WT20 in 2007.
• The league came into existence in 2008 with 8 franchises.
• IPL has been a great platform for young talent to showcase their skills and rub shoulders with the best players in the world.

Shortcut Trick

Effective rate 1 = (15 ÷ 12) × 9.6% = 12%

Effective rate 2 = (8 ÷ 12) × 11.4% = 7.6%

Difference in interest = 12% − 7.6% = 4.4%

4.4% of Sum = ₹1,320

Sum = 1,320 ÷ 0.044 = ₹30,000

∴ The correct answer is ₹30,000.

Alternate Method

Given:

Case 1: Time (T₁) = 15 months = 15/12 years, Rate (R₁) = 9.6%

Case 2: Time (T₂) = 8 months = 8/12 years, Rate (R₂) = 11.4%

Formula Used:

Simple Interest (SI) = (P × R × T) ÷ 100

Calculations:

⇒ SI₁ = (P × 9.6 × 15) ÷ (100 × 12)

⇒ SI₁ = (P × 0.8 × 15) ÷ 100 = 12P ÷ 100

⇒ SI₂ = (P × 11.4 × 8) ÷ (100 × 12)

⇒ SI₂ = (P × 11.4 × 2) ÷ (100 × 3) = (P × 3.8 × 2) ÷ 100 = 7.6P ÷ 100

⇒ SI₁ − SI₂ = 1,320

⇒ (12P − 7.6P) ÷ 100 = 1,320

⇒ 4.4P ÷ 100 = 1,320

⇒ P = (1,320 × 100) ÷ 4.4

⇒ P = 132,000 ÷ 4.4 = 30,000

∴ The correct answer is ₹30,000.

Additional Information

Simple Interest Concept

Simple interest is calculated only on the Principal amount. The interest remains constant for every year if the rate is fixed.

Time Conversion

Always convert time into years when the rate is given per annum (p.a.). Months ÷ 12 = Years.

Effective Rate of Interest

Effective Rate = R × T. This allows for direct calculation of interest as a percentage of the Principal.

Given:

Sum = Rs. 39000

Calculation:

Let the share of C be 5x

So, share of B = 5x + 5x × 20% = 6x

Share of A = 6x × $\frac{1}{3}$ = 2x

Ratio of share = 2x : 6x : 5x

⇒ 2 : 6 : 5

Amount A got = 39000 × (2/13) = 6000

∴ A's share is Rs. 6,000.

Given:

A retailer buys a tracksuit for Rs. 850.

His overhead expenses are Rs. 50.

Selling price of a tracksuit = Rs. 1170

Concept used:

Profit = Selling price - Cost price

Profit% = (Profit/Cost price) × 100

Calculation:

Total cost of a tracksuit = 850 + 50 = 900

Profit on selling a tracksuit at 1170 

⇒ 1170 - 900 = 270

Profit% = (270/900) × 100 = 30%

∴ His profit percentage is 30%.

Given:

Principal(P) doubles itself in 5 years when compounded annually

Formula used:

Amount(A) = P[1 + (R/100)]^T

Here, P = Sum, R = Rate of interest & T = time period

Calculation:

According to the question: 2P = P[1 + (R/100)]⁵

⇒ 2 = [1 + (R/100)]⁵

⇒ (2)^1/5 = 1 + (R/100)      ----(i)

Let the required time period be T years

⇒ 4P = P[1 + (R/100)]^T      ----(ii)

From (i) and (ii), we get

4 = [(2)^1/5]^T

⇒ 4⁵ = 2^T

⇒ (2²)⁵ = 2T

⇒ 210 = 2T

⇒ T = 10

∴ It will become 4 times in 10 years.

Given:

7 + 35 ÷ 7 × 5 of 6 - 1

Concept used:

Calculation:

7 + 35 ÷ 7 × 5 of 6 - 1

⇒ 7 + 35 ÷ 7 × 30 - 1

⇒ 7 + 5 × 30 - 1

⇒ 7 + 150 - 1

⇒ 156

∴ Required answer is 156.

Given:

A worker can assemble a toy in 5 minutes

Time duration is  from 10:30 a.m. to 12:30 p.m.

1248 toys are to be assembled

Calculation:

From 10:30 am to 12:30 pm total time = 2 hours or 120 min   [As 1 hours = 60 min]

Let the number of workers required to be x

Now,

x workers can assemble x number of toys in 5 minutes

So, x workers can assemble 24x number of toys in 120 minutes

According to the question,

24x = 1248

⇒ x = 52

∴ 52 workers should be employed.

Shortcut Trick

Work equivalence: 6M + 8W = 3M + 13W ⇒ 3M = 5W ⇒ 1M = 5/3 W

Total work capacity = 1 Man × 12 days = 12 M-days

Convert 12 M-days to W-days: 12 × (5/3) = 20 W-days

Time for 4 women = Total W-days ÷ Number of women = 20 ÷ 4 = 5 days

∴ The correct answer is 5 days.

Alternate Method

Given:

Efficiency of (6M + 8W) = Efficiency of (3M + 13W)

Time taken by 1 man = 12 days

Formula: Work = Efficiency × Time

Calculations:

⇒ 6M + 8W = 3M + 13W

⇒ 6M − 3M = 13W − 8W

⇒ 3M = 5W

⇒ Efficiency of Man / Efficiency of Woman = 5 / 3

⇒ Total Work = Efficiency of 1M × 12 = 5 × 12 = 60 units

⇒ Efficiency of 4 women = 4 × 3 = 12 units/day

⇒ Required Time = Total Work ÷ Total Efficiency = 60 ÷ 12 = 5 days

∴ The correct answer is 5 days.

Additional Information

Man-Day Formula

For different groups, M₁×D₁×H₁/W₁ = M₂×D₂×H₂/W₂, where M is persons, D is days, H is hours, and W is work.

Efficiency and Time Relationship

Efficiency is inversely proportional to the time taken to complete the work (Efficiency ∝ 1/Time).

Work and Wages

Wages are generally distributed in the ratio of work done, which is the product of efficiency and time.

Given:

A dealer sold an article at a loss of 8%.

Had he sold it for Rs. 72 more, he would have gained 16%.

Concept used:

Selling price = Cost price × (100 + profit)%

Selling price = Cost price × (100 - loss)%

Calculation:

Let the cost price of the article be 100x

According to the question,

100x × 116% - 100x × 92% = 72

⇒ 116x - 92x = 72

⇒ 24x = 72

⇒ x = 3

So, the cost price of the article = 100 × 3

⇒ 300

∴ The cost price of the article was Rs. 300.

Shortcut TrickTotal SP of two mobiles = 6000 + 6000 = Rs. 12,000

Total CP of two mobiles

⇒ 6000 × (100/125) + 6000 × (100/25) = Rs. 12,800

∴ Loss% = (800/12800) × 100 = 6.25% Loss

Alternate Method  

Given:

The salesman mobile phones for Rs.6000 each

He gained 25% on one and lost 25% on second

Formula used:

Loss% = (Loss/C.P) × 100

Where, C.P = Cost Price & S.P = Selling Price

Calculation:

Let the C.P of the mobile be Rs. a and Rs. b respectively.

He gained 25% on one while lost 25% on the other.

a + 25% of a = 6000

⇒ 1.25a = 6000

⇒ a = Rs. 4800

Again, b – 25% of b = 6000

⇒ 0.75b = 6000

⇒ b = Rs. 8000

Total C.P = Rs. 4800 + 8000 = Rs. 12800

Total S.P = Rs. 6000 + 6000 = Rs. 12000 Since,

C.P > S.P

So, there will be a loss in this transaction

Loss = 12800 – 12000 = Rs. 800

Loss% = (800/12800) × 100 = 6.25% Loss

∴ The loss percent in this transaction is 6.25%.

Shortcut Trick

Product of LCM and HCF = Product of the two numbers.

150 × 25 = 50 × Second Number

Second Number = (150 × 25) ÷ 50 = 3 × 25 = 75

Sum = 50 + 75 = 125

∴ The correct answer is 125.

Alternate Method

Given:

LCM = 150

HCF = 25

First Number (n₁) = 50

Formula Used:

n₁ × n₂ = LCM × HCF

Calculations:

⇒ 50 × n₂ = 150 × 25

⇒ 50 × n₂ = 3750

⇒ n₂ = 3750 ÷ 50

⇒ n₂ = 75

⇒ Sum = n₁ + n₂

⇒ Sum = 50 + 75

⇒ Sum = 125

∴ The correct answer is 125.

Additional Information

HCF and LCM Relation

For any two positive integers a and b, HCF(a, b) × LCM(a, b) = a × b. This property is only valid for two numbers.

HCF Property

The HCF of two or more numbers is always a factor of their LCM. In this case, 25 is a factor of 150 (150 ÷ 25 = 6).

Co-prime Numbers

If the HCF of two numbers is 1, they are called co-prime numbers, and their LCM is simply their product.

Given:

The circumference of a circle of diameter 14 cm is the same as the perimeter of a square.

Formula used:

Circumference of a circle = 2πr

Area of a square = a²

The perimeter of a square = 4a

Here, r = radius of the circle & a = side of the square

Calculation:

The radius of the circle = 14/2 = 7 cm

Let the side of the square be 'a'

Now,  2 × (22/7) × 7 = 4 × a

⇒ 44 = 4a

⇒ a = 11

Now, Area of the square = 11² = 121

∴ The area of the square is 121 cm2.

Given:

A shopkeeper buys a computer table for Rs. 5,500

Profit = Rs. 1070

Concept used:

Selling price = Marked price × (100 - discount)%

Profit = Selling price - Cost price

Calculation:

Selling price of the table

⇒  5500 + 1070 = 6570

Now, Marked price × 90% = 6570

⇒ Marked price = 6570 × (100/90)

⇒ Marked price = 7300

∴ The marked price of the computer table should be Rs. 7300.

Given:

The price of a commodity has increased by 20%. 

The Gupta family reframed their monthly budget and plans to spend 8% more money on that particular commodity.

Calculation:

Let the intial price of the commodity be 10x

New price of the commodity 

⇒ 10x × 120% = 12x

Let previously they spend 100y in a month on that commodity

Now they planned to spend 100y × 108% = 108y

No. of commodity they get on the previous price

⇒ 100y/10x = (10y/x)

Now they will get 108y/12x = (9y/x)

Reduction in consumtion = (10y/x) - (9y/x) = y/x

% of reduction = $\frac{\frac{y}{x}}{\frac{10y}{x}}×100$

⇒ $\frac{y}{10y}×100$ = 10

∴ They should reduce its consumption by 10% so as to manage with the increased amount of money.

Shortcut Trick Price    Consumption    Expenditure

 5             20                      100

 6             18                      108

Percentage Reduction in consumption = [(20 - 18)/20] × 100

Percentage Reduction in consumption = 10%

∴ They should reduce its consumption by 10% so as to manage with the increased amount of money.

Given:

The LCM of two numbers is 45 times their HCF, and the sum of the LCM and HCF is 1518.

Calculation:

Let the HCF of the numbers be x

So, LCM is 45x

Now, 45x + x = 1518

⇒ 46x = 1518

⇒ x = 33

So, HCF is 33

LCM = 33 × 45

As we know HCF is also a factor of those two numbers

Now,

We need to divide 45 into two such ways that both co-prime each other

45 = 9 × 5 and 9 and 5 are co-prime 

So, the two numbers are 33 × 9 = 297 and 33 × 5 = 165

Now, in the option, we only have 165

∴ The required number is 165.

Additional InformationHere we need not work on the second part of the question,

i.e 297/16 = 18 as the quotient and 9 as the remainder

Given:

A shopkeeper buys a gadget for Rs. 1,125 after getting 25% discount.

Concept used:

Selling price = Marked price × (100 - discount)%

Profit = Selling price - cost price

Calculation:

Marked price × 75% = 1125

⇒ Marked price = 1125 × (100/75)

⇒ Marked price = 1500

Now, His selling price 

⇒ 1500 × 90% = 1350

⇒ Gain = 1350 - 1125 = 225

∴ He gains Rs. 225.

Given:

Two solutions A and B of acid and water contain acid and water in the ratio 7 ∶ 9 and 5 ∶ 3, respectively. A and B are mixed in the ratio x ∶ y

Calculation:

According to the question,

(x × 7/16 + y × 5/8) : (x × 9/16 + y × 3/8) = 9 : 7

⇒ (7x/16 + 5y/8) : (9x/16 + 3y/8) = 9 : 7

⇒ [(7x + 10y)/16] : [(9x + 6y)/16] = 9 : 7

⇒ (7x + 10y) : (9x + 6y) = 9 : 7

⇒ (7x + 10y)/(9x + 6y) = 9/7

⇒ 49x + 70y = 81x + 54y

⇒70y - 54y = 81x - 49x

⇒16y = 32x

⇒x/y = 16/32

So, x : y = 16 : 32 or 1 : 2

∴ x ∶ y is 1 ∶ 2.

Given:

A certain sum amounts to Rs. 12,236 in $3\frac{3}{4}$ years at 8.8% p.a. at simple interest

Concept used:

S.I = (P × T × R)/100

Here, P = Sum, T = Time & R = Rate

Calculation:

Let the sum be P

According to the question,

[P + (P × 15 × 8.8)/(100 × 4)] = 12236

⇒ P + 0.33P = 12236

⇒ 1.33P = 12236

⇒ P = 12236/1.33

⇒ P = 9200

Now, (9200 × 35 × 8.8)/(8 × 100)

⇒ 92 × 35 × 1.1 = 3542

∴ The simple interest (in Rs.) on the same sum at the same rate in $4\frac{3}{8}$ years is 3542.

Given:

Ratio of radii of base = 1 : 2

Ratio of heights = 2 : 1

Formula used:

Volume of cone = 1/3 πr²h

Volume of cylinder = πr²h

Calculation:

Let the radius of the cylinder and a cone are x and 2x, respectively.

The height of the cylinder and cone are 2y and y, respectively.

According to the question,

The volume of the cylinder = π × x² × 2y

⇒ 2πx²y 

The volume of the cone = (1/3) × π × 4x² × y

⇒ (4πx²y)/3

Required Ratio = 2πx2y : (4πx2y)/3

⇒ 3 ∶ 2 

∴ The ratio of the volume of the cylinder to that of the cone is 3 : 2.

Given:

2 + 3 ÷ 2 of $\frac{3}{2}$ + 2 $\rm\left( {4 \times 2 \div 2 \ of \ \frac{1}{2} + 2 - \frac{1}{2}} \right)$

Concept used:

Calculation:

2 + 3 ÷ 2 of $\frac{3}{2}$ + 2 $\rm\left( {4 \times 2 \div 2 \ of \ \frac{1}{2} + 2 - \frac{1}{2}} \right)$

2 + 3 ÷ 2 of $\frac{3}{2}$ + 2 $\rm\left( {4 \times 2 \div 1 + 2 - \frac{1}{2}} \right)$

⇒ 2 + 3 ÷ 2 of $\frac{3}{2}$ + 2 $\rm\left( {4 \times 2 + 2 - \frac{1}{2}} \right)$

⇒ 2 + 3 ÷ 2 of $\frac{3}{2}$ + 2 $\rm\left( {8 + 2 - \frac{1}{2}} \right)$

⇒ 2 + 3 ÷ 2 of $\frac{3}{2}$ + 2 $\rm\left( {10 - \frac{1}{2}} \right)$

⇒ 2 + 3 ÷ 2 of $\frac{3}{2}$ + 2 $\rm\left( {\frac{20 - 1}{2}} \right)$

⇒ 2 + 3 ÷ 2 of $\frac{3}{2}$ + 2 $\rm\left( {\frac{19}{2}} \right)$

⇒ 2 + 3 ÷ 2 of $\frac{3}{2}$ + 19

⇒ 2 + 3 ÷ 3 + 19

⇒ 2 + 1 + 19

⇒ 22

∴ Required answer is 22.

Given:

B scored 40% of the sum total of their marks, which is 7 less than the marks of A.

Calculation:

Marks of A = Marks of B + 7

According to the question,

B = (A + B) × 40/100

⇒ B = 2A/5 + 2B/5

⇒ B – 2B/5 = 2A/5

⇒ (5B - 2B)/5 = 2A/5

⇒ 3B/5 = 2A/5

⇒ A/B = 3/2 = 3 : 2

Difference of marks = (3 - 2) = 1 unit = 7 marks

⇒ The marks of B (2 units) = 2 × 7 = 14 marks

∴ B scored 14.

Shortcut Trick

Distance = Speed × Time = 5 km/h × (50/60) h = 25/6 km.

Scheduled Time = 50 − 10 = 40 minutes = 40/60 hours.

Required Speed = Distance ÷ Scheduled Time = (25/6) ÷ (40/60) = 25/4 km/h.

∴ The correct answer is 25/4 km/h.

Alternate Method

Given:

Speed (S₁) = 5 km/h

Time (T₁) = 50 minutes = 50/60 hours = 5/6 hours

Late time = 10 minutes

Formula Used:

Distance = Speed × Time

Speed = Distance ÷ Time

Calculations:

⇒ Total Distance = 5 × (5/6) = 25/6 km

⇒ Scheduled Time = 50 − 10 = 40 minutes

⇒ Scheduled Time in hours = 40/60 = 2/3 hours

⇒ Required Speed = (25/6) ÷ (2/3)

⇒ Required Speed = (25/6) × (3/2) = 25/4 km/h

∴ The correct answer is 25/4 km/h.

Additional Information

Distance Constant Relation

When distance is constant, speed is inversely proportional to time: S₁ × T₁ = S₂ × T₂.

Unit Conversion

To convert minutes to hours, divide by 60. To convert km/h to m/s, multiply by 5/18.

Average Speed

For two equal distances covered at speeds x and y, Average Speed = 2xy/(x+y).

Given:

62% of a number is equal to three-fifth of another number

Calculation:

According to the question,

(62/100) × 1st number = (3/5) × 2nd number

⇒ (62/20) × 1st number = 3 × 2nd number

⇒ 62 × 1st number = 60 × 2nd number

⇒ 1st number/2nd number = 60/62

⇒ 1st number/2nd number = 30/31

So, ratio = 30 : 31

∴ The first number to the second number is 30 : 31.

Given:

The average of four 3-digit numbers 34x, 197, 6x4 and 348 is 386.

Concept used:

Average = Sum of elements/Number of elements

Calculation:

According to the question,

340 + x + 197 + 600 + 10x + 4 + 348 = 386 × 4

⇒ 1489 + 11x = 1544

⇒ 11x = 1544 - 1489

⇒ 11x = 55

⇒ x = 5

Now,  (3 ×  5 + 1) + (7 × 5 - 2)/2

⇒ (16 + 33)/2

⇒ 49/2 = 24.5

∴ The average of (3x + 1) and (7x - 2) is 24.5

Given:

A motorist travels a certain distance at an average speed of 48 km/h and returns at an average speed of 32 km/h.

Formula used:

Average speed = 2ab/(a + b)

Here,

a = speed at time of going

b = speed at time of coming back

Calculation:

a = 48 km/h, b = 32 km/h

S = (2 × 48 × 32)/(48 + 32) 

⇒ 3072/80

⇒ 38.4 km/h

∴ The average speed is 38.4 km/h.

Given:

Four years ago, the average age of 45 employees in an office was 32 years

Concept used:

Average = Sum of elements/Number of elements

Calculation:

Present average age of 45 employees 

⇒ 32 + 4 = 36 years

Total of age = 45 × 36 = 1620 

Total of 48 employees = 48 × 37 = 177

Age of three new employees

⇒ 1776 - 1620 = 156

Average of them = 156/3 = 52 years

∴ The average age of the 3 new employees is 52 years.

The correct answer is 'aren't they'.

Key Points

• The underlined part in the given sentence is grammatically incorrect.
• Here, 'aren't they' should be used instead of 'isn't it'.
• A positive statement is followed by a negative question tag.
• Example: Mary can speak English, can't she?
• A negative statement is followed by a positive question tag.
• Example: They aren't funny, are they?
• In the given sentence 'flights' is a plural subject. And 'are' is the helping verb.
• Hence, its question tag will be 'aren't they'.
• Thus, the correct answer is Option 2.
  

Correct Sentence: During foggy weather, flights are often cancelled, aren't they?

The correct answer is 'any'.

Key Points

• The underlined part in the given sentence is grammatically incorrect.
• Here, 'any' should be used instead of 'some'.
• We use 'some' for affirmative sentences, and 'any' for questions or negative sentences.
• Example: He won't be any happier there than he was here.
• Thus, the correct answer is Option 3.
  

Correct Sentence: I don't have any money at all.

The correct answer is 'Contempt'.

Key Points

• The most appropriate antonym of the given word 'Reverence' is 'Contempt'.
• Reverence: a feeling of great respect. (श्रद्घा)
• Example: He is still held in great reverence throughout the country.
• Contempt: the feeling that somebody/something does not deserve any respect or is without value. (यह भावना कि कोई व्यक्ति सम्मान का हक़दार नहीं है तथा उसका कोई महत्व नहीं है; तिरस्‍कार, अवज्ञा)
• Example: The teacher treated my question with contempt.
  

Correct Answer: Contempt. 

Additional Information

• Let's look at the meaning of other words:
• Respect: the feeling that you have when you admire or have a high opinion of somebody/something. (व्‍यक्ति या वस्‍तु के प्रति आदर-भावना)
• Admiration: a feeling of liking and respecting somebody/something very much. (किसी वस्‍तु या व्‍यक्ति के प्रति विशेष अनुराग और समादर की भावना)
• Awe: feelings of respect and either fear or admiration. (भय या प्रशंसा से प्रेरित आदर भाव)

The correct answer is 'Clear'.

Key Points

• The most appropriate antonym of the given word 'Obscure' is 'Clear'.
• Obscure: not easy to see or understand. (जो आसानी से दिखाई न पड़े या समझ में न आए, धुँधला या दुर्बोध)
• Example: For some obscure reason, he decided to give up his well-paid job, to become a writer.
• Clear: easy to see, hear or understand. (देखने, सुनने या समझने में स्‍पष्‍ट, साफ़)
• Example: His voice wasn’t very clear on the telephone.
  

Correct Answer: Clear.

Additional Information

• Let's look at the meaning of other words:
• Vague: not clear or definite. (अस्‍पष्‍ट या अनिश्‍चित)
• Dim: not bright or easy to see; not clear. (मंद, धुँधला, अस्‍पष्‍ट)
• Doubtful: unlikely or uncertain. (संदिग्‍ध या अनिश्चित)

The correct answer is 'explore'.

Key Points

• The most appropriate word for the given blank is 'explore'.
• It means 'to travel around a place, etc. in order to learn about it'. (किसी जगह के विषय में जानकारी प्राप्त करने के लिए उसका भ्रमण करना, खोजयात्रा करना)
• Example: They went on an expedition to explore the River Brahmaputra.
• If we explore for a substance such as oil or minerals, we study an area and do tests on the land to see whether we can find it.
• Thus, the correct answer is Option 3.
  

Correct Sentence: The company is going to explore the North Sea for oil.

Additional Information

• Let's look at the meaning of other words:
• Search: to examine somebody/something carefully because you are looking for something; to look for something that is missing. (अभीष्‍ट वस्‍तु की खोज में किसी की बारीकी से जाँच करना; खोई हुई वस्‍तु को तलाशना)
• Tour: a journey that you make for pleasure during which you visit many places. (उल्‍लास-यात्रा, मौजमस्‍ती के लिए विभिन्‍न स्‍थानों की यात्रा; सैर-सपाटा, पर्यटन)
• Traverse: to cross or travel through an area of land or water. (स्थल क्षेत्र या जल क्षेत्र के आर पार जाना; घूमना; पार करना)

The correct answer is 'Panacea'.

Key Points

• The most appropriate word for the given group of words is 'Panacea'.
• It means 'something that will cure all diseases or solve all problems and difficulties; a universal remedy'. (रोग तथा किसी संकटमय परिस्थिति की सभी कठिनाइयों का निवारक; सर्वरोगहर)
• Example: Education is a panacea for all social evils.
  

Correct Answer: Panacea.

Additional Information

• Let's look at the meaning of other words:
• Medicine: the science of preventing and treating illness. (रोग की रोकथाम और उपचार का शास्‍त्र, चिकित्‍सा-शास्‍त्र)
• Treatment: the use of medicine or medical care to cure an illness or injury; something that is done to make somebody feel and look good. [किसी बीमार या घायल व्‍यक्ति का इलाज (औषध या परिचर्या द्वारा)]
• Diagnosis: the act of saying exactly what illness a person has or what the cause of a problem is. (रोगी के रोग और समस्‍या के कारण को पहचानने की क्रिया; निदान-क्रिया)

The correct answer is 'prevented'.

Key Points

• The most appropriate word for the given blank is 'prevented'.
• It means 'to stop something happening or to stop somebody doing something'. (किसी बात को होने न देना या किसी को कोई काम करने से रोक देना)
• Example: This accident could have been prevented.
• As per the above definition, we find that the correct answer here contextually is 'prevented'.
  

Correct Sentence: The police prevented the protestors from entering the parliament.

Additional Information

• Let's look at the meaning of other words:
• Persuaded: to make somebody do something by giving him/her good reasons. (समझा-बुझाकर किसी को काम के लिए राज़ी करना, मनाना)
• Presumed: to think that something is true even if you do not know for sure; to suppose. (किसी बात की पक्‍की जानकारी न होने पर भी उसे सच मान लेना; किसी बात की कल्‍पना कर लेना या धारणा बना लेना)
• Protected: to keep somebody/something safe; to defend somebody/something. (व्‍यक्ति या वस्‍तु को सुरक्षित रखना; व्‍यक्ति या वस्‍तु की रक्षा करना)

The correct answer is 'Mint'.

Key Points

• The most appropriate word for the given group of words is 'Mint'.
• It means 'a place where money is coined, especially under state authority. (सिक्‍के ढालना और नोट छापना)'
• Example: freshly minted coins...
  

Correct Answer: Mint.

Additional Information

• Let's look at the meaning of other words:
• Store: a large shop. (स्‍टोर, बड़ी दुकान)
• Factory: a building or group of buildings where goods are made in large quantities by machine. (भवन अथवा भवनों का समूह जहाँ मशीन की सहायता सें बड़ी मात्रा में वस्तुएँ तैयार की जाती है; फ़ैक्‍टरी, कारख़ाना)
• Industry: the production of goods in factories. (कारख़ानों में माल का उत्‍पादन; उद्योग-धंधे; व्‍यवसाय)

The correct answer is 'Dignified'.

Key Points

• The most appropriate synonym of the given word 'Noble' is 'Dignified'.
• Noble: honest; full of courage and care for others. (ईमानदार; साहसी और परोपकारी)
• Example: a noble leader...
• Dignified: behaving in a calm, serious way that makes other people respect you. (गरिमामय, मान-मर्यादापूर्ण, शालीन)
• Example: dignified behaviour...
  

Correct Sentence: Dignified.

Additional Information

• Let's look at the meaning of other words:
• Poor: not having enough money to have a comfortable life. (आरामदायक जीवन के लिए पर्याप्त धन का अभाव; ग़रीब, निर्धन)
• Ordinary: normal; not unusual or different from others. (साधारण; अन्‍यों से असामान्‍य या अलग नहीं, अन्‍यों के समान)
• Normal: typical, usual or ordinary; what you expect. (प्रतिनिधिक, सामान्‍य या साधारण, औसत; जिसकी आशा हो, प्रत्‍याशित)

The correct answer is 'Very slowly'.

Key Points

• The most appropriate meaning of the given idiom 'At a snail's pace' is 'Very slowly'.
• At a snail's pace: very slowly. (बहुत धीरे से)
• Example: The work is progressing at a snail's pace.
  

Correct Answer: Very slowly.

The correct answer is 'Insecure'.

Key Points

• The most appropriate synonym of the given word 'Precarious' is 'Insecure'.
• Precarious: not safe or certain; dangerous. (असुरक्षित या अनिश्चित; ख़तरनाक)
• Example: He earned a precarious livelihood/living by gambling.
• Insecure: not safe or protected. (असुरक्षित)
• Example: This ladder feels a bit insecure.
  

Correct Answer: Insecure.

Additional Information

• Let's look at the meaning of other words:
• Safe: free from danger; not able to be hurt. (जिसे कोई ख़तरा न हो, जिसे क्षति न पहुँचाई जा सके; सुरक्षित)
• Stable: steady, firm, and unikely to change. (स्थिर, मज़बूत और जिसमें परिवर्तन संभावित नहीं; अनबदला)
• Strange: unusual or unexpected. (असामान्‍य या अप्रत्‍याशित; विचित्र; अजीब)

The correct answer is 'Orchestra'.

Key Points

• Among the given Options the correctly spelled word is 'Orchestra'.
• It means 'a large group of musicians who play different musical instruments together, led by one person (a conductor)'. [वाद्यवृंद (एक संचालक के निर्देशन में भिन्‍न-भिन्‍न वाद्यों को बजाने वाले वादकों का दल), ऑर्केस्ट्रा]'.
• Example: a symphony orchestra...
  

Correct Answer: Orchestra. 

Additional Information

• The correct spelling of the other words is
• Harbour- a place on the coast where ships may moor in a shelter, especially one protected from rough water by piers, jetties, and other artificial structures.
• Glossary- an alphabetical list of words relating to a specific subject, text, or dialect, with explanations; a brief dictionary.
• Premier- first in importance, order, or position; leading.

The correct answer is 'Buzz'.

Key Points

• The most appropriate word for the given group of words is 'Buzz'.
• It means 'to make the sound that bees, etc. make when flying'. (भिनभिनाना)
• Example: A large fly was buzzing against the windowpane.
  

Correct Answer: Buzz.

Additional Information

• Let's look at the meaning of other words:
• Hiss: to make a sound like a very long ‘s’ to show that you are angry or do not like something. (क्रोध या अरुचि व्‍यक्त करने के लिए सी-सी की लंबी आवाज़ करना)
• Moo: the sound that a cow makes. (गाय का रँभाना)
• Coo: to make a soft low sound like a bird (a dove). (कूकना, कबूतर जैसे गुटरगूं करना)

The erroneous part is 'the best police officer'.

Key Points

• The given sentence is grammatically incorrect.
• Here, 'the best police officers' should be used instead of 'the best police officer'.
• The given sentence is an example of subject-verb agreement.
• The structure of these kinds of sentences is One + of + the + plural noun + singular verb.
• Example: This is one of the best institutions I have ever enrolled in.
• Thus, the correct answer is Option 2.
  

Correct Sentence: Jyoti is one of the best police officers in this town.