SSC GD Constable Previous Year Paper (Held on: 24th November 2021 Shift 3)

Given :- I _ _ Q Z _ _ K _ _ I J _ Q Z

By checking options and substituting accordingly.

1) IJKQZQK → I I J Q Z - K Q K Z Q - I J K Q Z

2) IQZIJKI → I I Q Q Z - Z I K J K - I J I Q Z

3) JKIJQZK → I J K Q Z - I J K Q Z - I J K Q Z

• Here, "IJKQZ" is repeated.

4) JKQQZKI → I J K Q Z - Q Q K Z K - I J I Q Z

• Option (3) gives the pattern of :- I J K Q Z - I J K Q Z - I J K Q Z

Hence, the correct answer is "JKIJQZK".

The figure that replace the ? in the given series is as shown below :

One line is added from figure to figure in anti-clockwise direction.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 3".

The logic followed here is :-

'DOCTOR' is written as 'SQWGTJ'.

And

'SINGER' is written as 'SGJRNY'.

Similarly,

'TAILOR' will be written as :

Hence, the correct answer is "SQOMFZ".

The least possible Venn diagram for the given statements is as shown below :

Conclusions:

I. Some books are boxes → True (As Some bags are pens and All bags are books and All pens are boxes so, Some books are boxes is true)

II. Some boxes are bags → True (As Some bags are pens and All pens are boxes so, Some boxes are bags is true)

Ill. Some books are pens → True (As Some bags are pens and All bags are books so, Some books are pens is true)

∴ Here, Conclusions I, II and III are true.

Hence, the correct answer is "All conclusions I, II and III follow".

The logic followed here is :-

Hence, the correct answer is "GM".

The logic followed here is :-

First number x 2 = Second number

Second number x 3 = Third number

Given (3, 6, 18) → 3 x 2 = 6 and 6 x 3 = 18

1) (9, 18, 54) → 9 x 2 = 18 and 18 x 3 = 54

2) (7, 14, 42) → 7 x 2 =14 and 14 x 3 = 42

3) (8, 16, 56) → 8 x 2 = 16 and 16 x 3 = 48 (Not 56)

4) (6, 12, 36) →  6 x 2 = 12 and 12 x 3 = 36

∴ Here, '(8, 16, 56)' is different from the other three alternatives.

Hence, the correct answer is "(8, 16, 56)".

Preparing the family tree using the following symbols:

According to the given information,

The given expression is :

'C × G × U + M = R' → C is sister of G, G is sister of U, U is daughter of M, M is wife of R.

∴ Here, 'G is daughter of R'.

Hence, the correct answer is "Daughter".

The logic followed here is 

Initial value = 8

8 × 4 - 7 = 32 - 7 = 25

25 × 2 + 7 = 50 + 7 = 57

57 × 4 - 7 = 228 - 7 = 221

221 × 2 + 7 = 442 + 7 = 449

449 × 4 - 7 = 1796 - 7 = 1789

Hence, the correct answer is "1789".

The image not embedded in given figure is as shown below :

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 2".

The logic follows here is :-

1) XVRL

2) KIEA

3) RPLF

4) MKGA

∴ Here, 'KIEA' is different from other three alternatives.

Hence, the correct answer is "KIEA".

Four friends Rati, Areema, Sonali and Geet are sitting side by side on the bed facing towards north.

1. Rati is sitting to immediate left of Areema and Geet is sitting between Rati and Sonali.

2. Sonali is sitting towards left of Rati.

∴ Here, 'Rati' is sitting in second place from right end.

Hence, the correct answer is "Rati".

The least possible diagram for the given statements is as shown below :

The square represents 'natural satellite', the circle represents 'stars', the rectangle represents 'planets', the hexagon represents 'atmosphere', and the triangle represents 'artificial satellite'.

The letter represents planets but NOT stars which have atmosphere and natural satellite but NOT artificial satellite is as shown below :

Hence, the correct answer is "C".

The logic followed here is :-

Syphilis is caused by Bacteria.

Similarly,

Tinea pedis is caused by fungi.

Hence, the correct answer is "Fungi".

The logic followed here is :-

First number × (First number - 7) = Second number

1) 23 : 368 → 23 × (23 - 7) = 23 × 16 = 368

And,

2) 25 : ? → 25 × (25 - 7) = 25 × 18 = 450

Similarly,

3) 21 : 294 → 21 × (21 - 7) = 21 × 14 = 294

Hence, the correct answer is "450".

The logic follows here is :-

SYMBOL : YSBMLO

Similarly,

BANQUETS : ?

Hence, the correct answer is "ABQNEUST".

After unfolding the given paper the figure formed is as shown below :

Hence, the correct answer is "option 4".

The arrangement of the given words in the order in which they appear in an English dictionary is as shown below :

5. Resection
6. Resistance
7. Resonant
8. Restates
9. Restoration

Hence, the correct answer is "5, 2, 4, 1, 3".

Given, Ratio of present ages of Shikha and Rajkumar = 2 :1

Let us consider present ages of Shikha and Rajkumar = 2x : x

15 years ago the ratio of their ages was = 3 ∶ 1

Hence,

(2x - 15) / (x - 15) = 3 / 1

2x - 15 = 3(x - 15)

2x - 15 = 3x - 45

3x - 2x = 45 - 15

∴ x = 30

Thus, the present age of Shikha = 2x = 2 × 30 = 60 years

Hence, the correct answer is "60".

The logic followed here is :-

Hence, the correct answer is "793".

The logic followed here is :-

'TIKRI' is coded as '201811369'.

Similarly,

'BOARD' will be coded as :

Hence, the correct answer is "2301364".

The logic followed here is :-

By using BODMAS RULE :

'P' denotes 'addition', 'Q' denotes 'multiplication', 'R' denotes 'subtraction', and 'S' denotes 'division'.

Given equation : 45 S (3P7) P5S (8S4) P9Q (15S5)

After replacing the symbols instead of alphabets in given equation is as follows : 45 ÷ (3 + 7) + 5 ÷ (8 ÷ 4) + 9 × (15 ÷ 5)

= 45 ÷ (3 + 7) + 5 ÷ (8 ÷ 4) + 9 × (15 ÷ 5)

= 45 ÷ 10 + 5 ÷ 2 + 9 × 3

= 4.5 + 2.5 + 9 × 3

= 4.5 + 2.5 + 27

= 7 + 27

= 34

Hence, the correct answer is "34".

The correct mirror image of the given combination when the mirror is placed at MN is as shown below :-

Detailed Explanation:

• The line MN is the mirror.
• The word "KURDARAM" ends with letter "M". So, the mirror image starts with "M". ⇒ Option 1, 3, 4 are eliminated.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 2".

The logic followed here is: 

The opposite surface of the open dice can be found by the below method:-

• Alternate surfaces are opposite to each other.
• No two opposite surfaces are touched by side or by corners

So, by using the above rule we can find the opposite surface of open dice.

In the given figure, Opposite faces are :

1) 

 → The two sides should be opposite to each other but given adjacent to each other.

2) 

 → Here all three sides adjacent to each other.

3) 

 → The two sides should be opposite to each other but given adjacent to each other.

4) 

 → The two sides should be opposite to each other but given adjacent to each other.

∴ Here, only cube B is formed by folding the given sheet.

Hence, the correct answer is "Only B".

The logic followed here is :-

'BOWLER' is written as 'C p X M f S'.

And

'NEAT' is written as 'O f b U'.

Similarly,

'SERIOUS' will be written as :

Hence, the correct answer is "T f S j p v T".

Six friends R, S, T, U, V and W are sitting in a straight line.

1) T is third from the left and fourth from the right.

2) V is between T and S and also, S is to the immediate left of U.

3) R is between T and W.

∴ Here, 'V' is sitting 'third' from right side.

Hence, the correct answer is "Third".

The correct answer is 1999.

Key Points

• On April 1, 1999, the Swarnajayanti Gram Swarojgar Yojana (SGSY) was launched.
• The goal of SGSY is to make sure that the impoverished families it assists have an income of at least Rs. 2000 per month in order to lift those families out of poverty in three years.
• The assisted families may be individuals (swarozgari) or groups (self-help groups).
• The group approach will be the main focus.

Additional Information

• SGSY paid special attention to the rural poor's most disadvantaged segments.
• At least 50% of Swarozgaris will be SC/ST, 40% will be women, and 30% will be disabled.
• At the Block level, there will be at least 50% women-only organizations.
• The scheme is being implemented on 75:25 cost sharing basis between Central and State Government.

The correct answer is Chandragupta Maurya.

Key Points

• Chanakya, often referred to as Kautilya and Vishnugupta, served as prime minister during Chandragupta Maurya's rule, the founder of the Mauryan Empire.
• His most famous work, the political treatise Arthashastra, was written as a guide for the youthful Chandragupta on how to rule successfully.
• He was raised in Taxila and was born into a Brahman household.

Additional Information

• Harshavardhana:
• From 606 until 647 CE, northern India was ruled by the Indian ruler Harshavardhana.
• He belonged to the Vardhana dynasty and was Prabhakaravardhana's son.
• Bindusara:
• The second Mauryan emperor of India was Bindusara.
• He was the father of Ashoka, the dynasty's most well-known ruler, and the son of Chandragupta, the dynasty's founder.
• Ashoka:
• From roughly 268 to 232 BCE, Ashoka, an Indian ruler of the Maurya Empire and the son of Bindusara, governed nearly the entire Indian subcontinent.

The correct answer is J Venkatramu.

Key Points

• For a three-year term, the Center named J Venkatramu as the next managing director (MD) and chief executive officer (CEO) of India Post Payments Bank.
• He succeeded Suresh Sethi.
• Venkatramu has more than 20 years of experience working in the banking industry, namely in the areas of payments, mobile banking, retail banking products, and project management for digital financial services.
• He had previously been named the chief digital officer of Equitas Small Finance Bank.

Additional Information

• Seema Gupta:
• Shri Apurva Chandra, IAS is Secretary in the Ministry of Information & Broadcasting.
• S Aparna:
• She was appointed to the post of Executive Director, World Bank in 2017, representing the Constituency of India, Bangladesh and Sri Lanka.

The correct answer is Louise Gluck.

Key Points

• Poet and essayist Louise Elisabeth Glück is American.
• The 2020 Nobel Prize in Literature went to her.
• Judges praised her as "her unmistakable poetic voice that with austere beauty makes individual existence universal".
• Her most well-known poem is "Mock Orange".
• A couple of her best-known poems are "The Wild Iris" and "The Triumph of Achilles."

Additional Information

• Alice Munro:
• A Canadian short story writer named Alice Ann Munro won the 2013 Nobel Prize for Literature.
• Doris Lessing:
• British author Doris Lessing wrote novels. The body of work by Doris Lessing consists of about 50 novels and is diverse in genre.
• Kazuo Ishiguro:
• Kazuo Ishiguro was awarded a knighthood by the British Queen in 2018 after winning the 2017 Nobel Prize for Literature.
• The books The Remains of the Day and Never Let Me Go are among his best-known works.

The correct answer is Hyderabad.

Important Points

• The Salar Jung Museum is an art museum situated in Hyderabad, Telangana, India in Dar-ul-Shifa, on the southern bank of the Musi River.
• It is notable for being the third-largest museum in India and for having the greatest one-man collection of antiquities in the world.
• It is well-known throughout India for its priceless collections from many civilizations.
• It was established in 1951.
• The major portion of the collection of the museum was acquired by Mir Yousuf Ali Khan, popularly known as Salar Jung III.

Additional Information

The correct answer is Badminton.

Key Points

• Chirag Shetty is an accomplished professional badminton player from India.
• At the Asia Team Championships in Hyderabad in 2016, he made his international debut and took home the bronze medal.
• At the 2018 Commonwealth Games, he earned the Mixed Team Gold Medal and the Men's Doubles Silver Medal.
• At the 2022 Commonwealth Games, he won the men's doubles gold medal.
• In 2020, he received the Arjuna Award.

The correct answer is India and Russia.

Key Points

• The "AIM-Sirius Innovation Programme3.0" has been jointly launched by the Atal Innovation Mission (AIM), a key project of the NITI Aayog, and Sirius (Scientific International Research In Unique Terrestrial Station), a Russian station.
• AIM-Sirius Innovation Programme 3.0 is a 14-day online curriculum for students in India and Russia.

Additional Information

• In the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic, approximately 48 students, 16 educators, and 8 mentors developed 8 virtual products and mobile applications during the event.
• These fields include chemistry, artificial intelligence, digital financial assets, applied cognitive science, culture, remote learning, health and wellbeing, sports, fitness, and gaming training.

The correct answer is Malabar.

Key Points

• The 24th edition of MALABAR maritime exercise, hosted by Indian Navy (IN) in two phases, concluded in the Arabian Sea on 20 Nov 2020.
• From November 3–6, 2020, the Indian Navy, United States Navy, Japan Maritime Self Defense Force, and Royal Australian Navy participated in phase 1 of the exercise off Visakhapatnam in the Bay of Bengal.
• From November 17 to 20, 2020, the second phase was conducted in the **Arabian Sea.**​

Additional Information

• Simbex - 20:
• In the Andaman Sea, from November 23 to 25, 2020, the 27th edition of the India-Singapore Bilateral Maritime Exercise SIMBEX-20 was held.
• The SIMBEX series of exercises are being held between the Indian Navy and Republic of Singapore Navy (RSN), annually since 1994.
• Yudh Abhyas:
• A bilateral combined military exercise between India and the US is called Yudh Abhyas.
• It began in 2002.
• Mitra Shakti:
• It is the largest bilateral exercise being undertaken by the Sri Lankan Army and it forms a major part of India and Sri Lanka's growing defence partnership.

The correct answer is Chin.

Key Points

• The Chin Hills are a mountainous area in northwest Myanmar, running parallel to the border with India.
• In a mountain arc that extends northward from the Arakan Mountains to the Patkai Range, they are the largest and most central segment.
• At the Myanmar-India frontier, the Chin Hills adjoin the Mizo Hills and the Manipur Hills of the Purvachal, or Eastern Highlands, of India.
• The Myittha River on the east and the headstreams of the Kaladan River on the west define the boundaries of the Chin Hills, a tangle of forested hill ranges with humid valley bottoms and cooler slopes that are divided by deep, narrow gorges.​​

Additional Information

• Dongkya:
• The lower Himalayan mountain range known as the Dongkya or Dongkhya range serves as Sikkim's eastern border.
• Toba Kakar:
• The Toba Kakar Mountains are a southern branch of the Himalayas in the Balochistan locale of Pakistan, close to the fringe with Afghanistan.
• Khasi:
• On the Shillong Plateau in the Indian state of Meghalaya, there is a low mountain range known as the Khasi Hills.

The correct answer is Bengaluru.

Key Points

• In Bengaluru, the nation's first homes for transgender youngsters in need of care and safety will shortly be built.
• The project was approved by the Ministry of Women and Child Development.
• In Bengaluru Urban, two such government-run facilities would be built.
• It would be set aside for transgender kids who need care and protection, such as orphans, abandoned kids, street kids, slum kids, and kid abuse victims.
• The two transgender homes would have the capacity to accommodate 50 children each.

The correct answer is Total income of the country divided by its total population.

Key Points

• The average income of a country is calculated by dividing the total income of the country by its total population.
• The amount of money made per person in a country or region is expressed as per capita income.
• The average per-person income for a region can be calculated using per capita income, which can also be used to assess the population's standard of living and quality of life.

Additional Information

• Limitations of Per Capita Income:
• Per capita income doesn't reflect inflation in an economy, which is the rate at which prices rise over time.
• Since currency rates are not taken into account in the computation, cost of living variations between countries may not be correct.
• A person's savings or fortune are not included in the per capita income.
• Children are counted as part of the population in per capita calculations, although they do not generate any revenue.
• The level of per capita income may not always reflect how well individuals are doing.

The correct answer is Rohan Bopanna.

Key Points

• A professional tennis player from India is Rohan Bopanna.
• His highest singles career ranking was 213 in 2007, and his highest doubles career ranking was 3 on July 22, 2013.
• Since 2002, he has competed for India in the Davis Cup.
• The 2011 and 2012 Paris Masters, the 2015 Madrid Open, and the 2017 Monte Carlo Masters are the four Masters 1000 men's doubles competitions that the Indian has won.
• In 2012 and 2015, he competed in the ATP World Tour Finals.

Additional Information

• Prakash Padukone:
• A former Indian badminton player is Prakash Padukone. He topped the world rankings in 1980.
• Pullela Gopichand:
• A former Indian badminton player is Pullela Gopichand. He currently serves as the India national badminton team's Chief National Coach.
• Kuldeep Yadav:
• Indian cricketer Kuldeep Yadav competes for both India and Uttar Pradesh in domestic competition.

The correct answer is law of gravitation.

Key Points

• Every object in the universe is drawn to every other object with a force that is inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them and directly proportional to the product of their masses.

• The line connecting the centers of the two objects is where the force is exerted.

• The universal law of gravitation successfully explained several phenomena like:

• the force that binds us to the earth;

• motion of the moon around the earth;

• motion of planets around the Sun; and

• tides due to the moon and the Sun.

Additional Information

• law of motion:
• The three fundamental laws of classical mechanics known as Newton's laws of motion describe how an object's motion and the forces acting on it interact.
• law of change of momentum:
• Newton's second law states that the rate of a change of a particle's momentum p is given by the force acting on the particle; i.e., F = d p/dt.
• law of inertia:
• It states that if a body is at rest or moving at a constant speed in a straight line, it will remain at rest or keep moving in a straight line at constant speed unless it is acted upon by a force.

The correct answer is Arunachal Pradesh.

Key Points

• One of the most well-known folk dance styles performed by the Monpa Tribe of Tawang is Aji Lamu.
• In essence, it is the Ramayana of the Hindus in Tibetan.
• The major protagonists in this dance drama are five.
• The main character is Nyapa, and the antagonist is Nyao.
• Some other most popular folk dances of Arunachal Pradesh are Roppi, Hurkani, Ponung, Lion and Peacock dance, Hurkani, Buiya, Chalo, Rekham Pada, Popir and Wancho.

Additional Information

The correct answer is 7.

Key Points

• According to the 2001 Census, a person is considered literate if they are at least 7 years old and can write and read in any language with comprehension.
• A person is not literate if they can just read and cannot write.
• Prior to 1991, children under the age of five had to be considered illiterate in censuses.
• According to the 2001 Census, 53.67% of females and 75.26% of males are literate.
• According to the 2001 Census, 64.84 percent of the population is literate overall.

Additional Information

• Census 2011:
• It is the 15th National Census Survey conducted by the Census Organization of India.
• Shri C. Chandramouli is the Commissioner and Registrar General of Census of India 2011.
• As per the Census of India 2011, the population density of India was 382 per square km.
• The Indian Census is the most credible source of information on Demography (Population characteristics), Economic Activity, Literacy and Education, Housing Household Amenities, Urbanisation, Fertility, Mortality, etc.
• Census was introduced in India during the era of Lord Mayo in the year 1872. It came into force in 1881.
• The slogan of census 2011 was 'Our Census, Our future'.
• The population of the nation as per the provisional figures of Census 2011 was 1210.19 million of which 623.7 million (51.54%) were males and 586.46 million (48.46%) were females. Uttar Pradesh is the most populous state in India its population is more than the population of Brazil.

The correct answer is mercantile.

Key Points

• A business enterprise that makes profit primarily through trade, buying goods cheap and selling them at higher prices is known as mercantile.
• Mercantile trade is a type of business that produces money primarily through trade, which involves buying low-cost goods and selling them for a higher price.
• A sort of business called "mercantile trade" includes purchasing inexpensive things and reselling them for a profit.

Additional Information

• Mercenary:
• A mercenary is a soldier who is paid to fight by a country or group that they do not belong to.
• Bartering:
• Barter is a transaction in which two or more parties exchange products or services without exchanging cash or other forms of payment ex. credit cards.
• Merchandising:
• It refers to the marketing and sales of products.

The correct answer is ovules.

Key Points

• The ovule is the component of flowering plants that produces seeds.
• It is produced in the flower's ovary and consists of the nucellus, which is covered with integuments, as well as the predecessors to the embryo and endosperm and the seed coat, respectively.
• A developed ovule consists of a food tissue surrounded by one or two integuments, which will serve as the seed coats in the future.
• The pollen tube can penetrate and release its sperm nuclei into the embryo sac, a large oval cell where fertilization and development take place, through a small aperture (the micropyle) in the integuments.
• Each ovule is joined to the stalk (funiculus) bearing it by the base of the ovule.
• In gymnosperms (conifers and allies) the ovules lie uncovered on the scales of the cone.
• In **angiosperms (**flowering plants), one or more ovules are enclosed by the ovary, which develops into the fruit.

Additional Information

• Sepals:
• Sepals, which are altered leaves, enclose the budding flower.
• They are sterile floral components that can either be green, leaf-like, or made of tissue resembling petals.
• Stamen:
• This are the male reproductive organs of flowering plants.
• Petals:
• The parts of a flower that are often conspicuously colored are called petals.

The correct answer is Conservation of linear momentum.

Key Points

• Jet engine work on the principle of Conservation of linear momentum.
• Linear Momentum is the quantity of motion contained in a moving body.
• It depends upon the mass and velocity of the body.
• The product of mass and velocity is the measure of the momentum so, the formula is
• P = m * v ,where m = the mass of the object and v = velocity of the object moving in a direction.
• The principle of conservation of momentum states that:
• If no outer force is applied to the system, the vector sum of the two colliding objects remains constant and is not affected by their collision. That is, the total momentum before the collision is equal to the total momentum after the collision.
• The conservation of linear momentum is the basis for how a jet engine operates.
• Fuel burning results in a significant amount of gases being produced, which are then allowed to escape in a backward direction through a jet.
• Due to its great velocity, the gas that is moving backwards gains a lot of momentum.​

Additional Information

• Conservation of acceleration:
• According to Newton's Second Law of Motion, also known as the Law of Force and Acceleration, a force upon an object causes it to accelerate according to the formula net force = mass x acceleration.
• Conservation of circular momentum:
• The conservation of angular momentum refers to the tendency of a system to preserve its rotational momentum in the absence of an external torque.
• Conservation of velocity:
• A body or system of bodies in motion retains its total momentum, the product of mass and vector velocity, unless an external force is applied to it.

The correct answer is 1986.

Key Points

• Diego Armando Maradona played football for Argentina in the past.
• He is recognized as one of the most divisive and finest footballers of all time by many.
• Over the course of his career, he won numerous awards with Boca Juniors, FC Barcelona, and SSC Napoli.
• He participated in four FIFA World Cup competitions throughout the course of his 91 international appearances and 34 goals, leading Argentina to a 1986 victory over West Germany.
• He received the Golden Ball as the top performer.
• After failing a drug test for cocaine in Italy in 1991 and subsequently for ephedrine during the 1994 World Cup, he was suspended for 15 months.

The correct answer is 24th Amendment Act, 1971.

Key Points

• On November 5, 1971, the 24th Amendment Act of 1971 was passed.
• The Supreme Court's ruling in I.C. Golak Nath v. State of Punjab, which barred Parliament from restricting Fundamental Rights in any way, was challenged by this Amendment.
• Parliament does not have the authority to eliminate or restrict constitutional freedoms, according to a Special Bench of 11 judges.
• Articles 13 and 368 were modified by the 24th Amendment to allow Parliament to freely amend the Fundamental Rights.
• Article 13 stated that any law which was inconsistent with the Fundamental Rights was invalid.
• The 24th Amendment inserted clause (4) to Article 13, which stated that Article 13 would not apply to any constitutional amendments, effectively overturning Golak Nath.
• Article 368 lays down the procedure to amend the Constitution.

Additional Information

• 100th Amendment Act, 2015:
• In accordance with the Land Boundary Agreement of 1974 and its protocol of 2011, the 100th Amendment Act of 2015 gave effect to the acquisition of some territories by India and the handover of certain other territories to Bangladesh.
• 42nd Amendment Act, 1976:
• The 42nd Amendment changed the description of India from a "sovereign democratic republic" to a "sovereign, socialist secular democratic republic", and also changed the words "unity of the nation" to "unity and integrity of the nation".
• 44th Amendment Act, 1978:
• The 44th Amendment of 1978 removed the right to property from the list of fundamental rights.

The correct answer is Masala.

Key Points

• 2014 saw the introduction of masala bonds by the International Finance Corporation (IFC).
• The first masala bonds in India were issued by the IFC to finance infrastructure projects.
• To raise funds, Indian organizations or businesses issue masala bonds outside of India.
• These bonds were issued in Indian money as opposed to local currency.

Additional Information

• The RBI states that the bonds issued up to the rupee equivalent of $50 million in a financial year have a three-year maturity period.
• For bonds raised over the rupee equivalent of $50 million in a fiscal year, the maturity period is five years.
• Masala bonds provides greater interest rates, which is advantageous to the investor.
• It aids in boosting the confidence of foreign investors in the Indian economy.
• It supports international investors' faith in Indian currency, which strengthens the foreign investments in the nation.
• Capital gains resulting from rupee denominated transactions are tax-free.
• The investor profits if the rupee strengthens when the investment matures. ​

The correct answer is Juveniles in the age group of 16-18 years should be punished like adults for heinous crimes.

Key Points

• The Juvenile Justice (Care and Protection of Children) Act, 2000 is being replaced by the Bill.
• It covers both youngsters in need of care and protection and those who are in trouble with the law.
• The Bill allows minors between the ages of 16 and 18 to face adult trials for severe offenses.
• Additionally, any 16 to 18-year-old who commits a less serious, or lesser, offense may only be tried as an adult if he is apprehended after turning 21.
• Each district will establish Juvenile Justice Boards (JJB) and Child Welfare Committees (CWC).
• To determine whether a juvenile offender should be sent for rehabilitation or tried as an adult, the JJB will first undertake an investigation.
• For children that require care and protection, the CWC will decide whether they should be institutionalized.
• The Bill has provisions regarding adoptive parent eligibility and the adoption process.
• Child abuse, providing a child with a narcotic substance, kidnapping, and selling a child all carry harsh penalties.

The correct answer is Todas.

Key Points

• The Toda are a pastoral tribe in southern India's Nilgiri Hills.
• Despite being the most atypical of that linguistic family, the Toda language is Dravidian.
• The Toda people inhabit towns of three to seven modest thatched huts that are strewn across grassland hills.
• The dwellings were constructed on timber frameworks, and the average home has an arched roof resembling a half barrel.
• With the other Nilgiri peoples, the Toda have long traded dairy products as well as cane and bamboo goods, receiving in return Baaga grain and cloth as well as **Kota tools and pottery.**​

Additional Information

• Angamis:
• The state of Nagaland in North-East India is home to a sizable Naga ethnic minority known as the Angamis.
• Jarawas:
• Indigenous inhabitants of India's Andaman Islands are known as Jarawas.
• Onges:
• The Onge are an Andamanese ethnic group native to the Indian-governed Andaman Islands in Southeast Asia's Bay of Bengal.

The correct answer is Little Rann of Kutch.

Key Points

• Indian Wild Ass Sanctuary, sometimes referred to as the Wild Ass Wildlife Sanctuary, is situated in India's Gujarat state in the Little Rann of Kutch.
• The Wildlife Protection Act of 1972 was the legal basis on which the wildlife sanctuary was created.
• The sanctuary is where it is possible to see the critically endangered Indian Wild Ass (Khur) subspecies of the Asiatic Wild Ass species Onager (Equus hemionus).
• The main threat faced by the sanctuary is the illegal salt panning activity in the area.
• 25% of India’s salt supply comes from panning activity in the area.

Additional Information

• Sunderbans:
• The Sundarbans is of universal importance for endangered species including the Royal Bengal Tiger, Ganges and Irawadi dolphins, estuarine crocodiles.
• Upper Himalayas:
• The Himalayan Range's tallest mountains are known as the Great Himalayas, Greater Himalayas, or Himadri.
• The Greater Himalayas mountain range includes Mount Everest, the highest peak in the world, as well as other "nearest highest" peaks like Kangchenjunga, Lhotse, and Nanga Parbat.
• Plains of Ganga:
• Large floodplains of the Indus, Ganga, and Brahmaputra river systems are collectively referred to as the Indus-Ganga plains, commonly referred to as the "Great Plains."

The correct answer is Shimla.

Key Points

• Shimla was formally designated as the British Empire's summer capital by Sir John Lawrence in 1864.
• Within three miles of the well-known Christ Church in the Shimla Bazaar, the capital was located.
• It quickly transformed into a tiny English town with a variety of structures, including the Home Department of the Government of British India, the Armed Forces Headquarters, and others.
• Between April and October of each year, the British relocated from Calcutta to Shimla.
• The whole colonial bureaucracy, including the armed forces, participated in the annual move to Simla, in addition to the Viceroy and his council.
• After Independence, Shimla became the capital of Punjab and was later named the capital of Himachal Pradesh.
• So Shimla served as the summer capital of British India between 1864 and 1939.
• In 1903 a rail line was constructed between Kalka and Shimla.

Formula:

$SP_1\over 100-L$ = $SP_2\over 100+G$

CP is same for both cases

where SP1 and SP2 are the selling prices and G and L are Gain % and Loss % respectively.

Calculation:

Substituting the values in the formula, we get-

⇒ $3520\over 100-12$ = $SP_2\over 100+18$

⇒ SP2 = $118\over88$ × 3520 = Rs 4720

∴ The article should be sold at Rs 4,720

Formula:

Average = Sum of all numbers ÷ Total numbers

Concept:

In the process of finding the sum of first five and last five observations, 5th observation gets counted twice. Hence, the difference in the sum of the observations obtained is the fifth observation.

Calculation:

Sum of all numbers = 9 × 10 = 90

Sum of first five numbers = 5 × 11 = 55

Sum of last five numbers = 5 × 8 = 40

Total of first five and last five = 55 + 40 = 95

⇒ Difference = 95 - 90 = 5

The fifth observation is 5.

Formula:

Average age = Total age ÷ Total number of persons

Calculation:

Total age = 3 × 60 = 180 years

Total age of B and C = 50 × 2 = 100 years

∴ Age of A = 180 - 100 = 80 years

Age of A is 80 years.

Formula:

Total trousers need to be bought = Total savings ÷ Savings on each trouser

Calculated:

Discount on each trouser = $25\over100$ × ₹250 = Rs 62.5

Total trousers needed to be bought = $500\over 62.5$ = 8

∴ Umesh needs to buy 8 trousers to save ₹500 in discount.

Given:

Amount for 3 years = Rs. 650

Amount for 4 years = Rs. 754

Formula:

SI = (P x R x T) / 100

SI = A - P

Where-

P = Principal amount, R = Rate, T = Time

SI = Simple Interest, A = Amount

Calculation:

SI for 3rd year = ₹754 - ₹650 = ₹104

Total SI for 3 years = ₹104 × 3 = ₹312

∴ P = ₹650 - ₹312 = ₹338

The sum is ₹338.

Additional InformationInterest for successive years remains constant in Simple Interest. However, Interest varies for Compound Interest for successive years.

Formula:

M1 × D1 = M2 × D2, where

M1 and M2 = Number of men working on D1 and D2.

D1 and D2 = Days for which M1 and M2 worked respectively.

Calculations:

According to the question-

⇒ 20 × 48 = Men × 40

⇒ Men = 20 × $48\over40$ = 24

∴ 24 men should be employed to complete the same work in 40 days.

Calculation:

Let the numbers be 2a and 5a.

According to the question-

⇒ $2a -7\over5a-7$ = $13\over43$

⇒ 86a - 301= 65a - 91

⇒ 86a - 65a = 301 - 91

⇒ 21a = 210

∴ a = 10

Smallest number = 2 × 10 = 20

The smallest number is 20.

Calculation-

Bolts produced by Machine X in 1 hour = 1000 ÷ 4 = 250

Bolts produced by Machine Y in 1 hour = 1000 ÷ 12 = $250\over3$

⇒ Total Bolts produced by Machine X and Y working simultaneously in 1 hour = 250 + $250\over3$ = $1000\over3$

∴ Time needed to produce 1000 bolts = $1000\over{1000\over3}$ = 1000 × $3\over1000$ = 3 hours

∴ The machines would require 3 hours.

Concept:

The divisibility test for 72 states that for a number to be divisible by 72, it should be perfectly divisible by 8 and 9.

The divisibility test for 9 states that if the sum of the digits of the number is divisible by 9, then the number is divisible by 9.

The divisibility test for 8 states that for a number to be divisible by 8, the last three digits of the number should be divisible by 8.

Calculations:

Using the divisibility test for 8, we find that 5x2 should be perfectly divisible by 8. 5x2 would be perfectly divisible if x = 9 (greatest value of x).

⇒ Hence, the number becomes 5y9740592.

Sum of the digits = 41 + y

Using the divisibility test for 9, (41 + y) would be perfectly divisible by 9 if y is 4.

Thus, “x” is 9, and “y” is 4.

Using the values of "x" and "y" in the expression (x - 2y)

⇒ (9 - 2 × 4) = 9 - 8 = 1

The answer to the expression is 1.

Concept:

We would use the concept of BODMAS-

B – Bracket, O – Of, D – Divide, M – Multiplication

A – Addition, S – Subtraction

Calculation:

27 ÷ 3 × 4 + 4 ÷ 2 of 2     - (Of )

⇒ 27 ÷ 3 × 4 + 4 ÷ 4        -(Divide)

⇒ 9 × 4 + 1                      -(Multiply)   

⇒ 36 + 1                          -(Addition)

⇒ 37

 ∴ The answer to the expression is 37.

Formula:

A = $\sqrt{(s(s-a)(s-b)(s-c)}$ 

s = (a + b + c) ÷ 2, where

A = Area of the triangle

a, b, and c are the sides of the triangle.

Calculation:

s = (8 + 8 + 12) ÷ 2 = 14 cm

Substituting the values in Area formula-

⇒ $\sqrt{(14(14-8)(14-8)(14-12)}$

⇒ $\sqrt{14\times 6\times 6\times 2}$ = 12√7 cm²

∴ The area of the triangle is 12√7 cm2

Formula:

D = S × T, where

D = Distance

S = Speed

T = Time

Concept:

Speed and time are inversely proportional in the event distance is constant. This means that if the train travels at $6\over 7$ of its normal speed, it would take $7\over 6$ of its usual time.

Calculation:

According to the question, a person must take $7\over 6$th of its normal time.

∴ Extra time taken = $7\over 6$ - 1 = $1\over 6$ × normal time

According to the question-

⇒  $1\over 6$ × normal time = 10 min

⇒ Normal time = 10 min × 6 = 60 min

The usual time to cover the distance is 60 min.

Shortcut Trick

Relative Speed in same direction = 92 − 74 = 18 km/h.

Convert to m/s: 18 × (5/18) = 5 m/s.

Total Distance (L₁ + L₂) = Relative Speed × Time = 5 × 60 = 300 m.

Length of second train (L₂) = 300 − 180 = 120 m.

∴ The correct answer is 120 m.

Alternate Method

Given: Length of Train 1 (L₁) = 180 m, Speed of Train 1 (S₁) = 92 km/h, Speed of Train 2 (S₂) = 74 km/h, Time (t) = 60 s.

Formula Used: Total Distance = Relative Speed × Time; km/h to m/s conversion = × 5/18.

⇒ Relative Speed (S_rel) = 92 − 74 = 18 km/h

⇒ S_rel in m/s = 18 × (5/18) = 5 m/s

⇒ Total distance to cover = L₁ + L₂

⇒ 180 + L₂ = 5 × 60

⇒ 180 + L₂ = 300

⇒ L₂ = 300 − 180 = 120 m

∴ The correct answer is 120 m.

Additional Information

Relative Speed in Same Direction

When two objects move in the same direction, relative speed = S₁ − S₂.

Relative Speed in Opposite Direction

When two objects move in opposite directions, relative speed = S₁ + S₂.

Unit Conversion

To convert km/h to m/s, multiply by 5/18. To convert m/s to km/h, multiply by 18/5.

Given:

Radius of cone (r) = 16 cm

Height of cone (h) = 36 cm

Radius of sphere (R) = 4 cm

Concept:

Spheres are to be made from the metallic cone. Hence, the volume of all the spheres made would be equal to the volume of the metallic cone.

Formula:

Volume of Cone = $1\over 3$ × π × r2 × h, where

r = radius of cone, h = height of cone

Volume of sphere = $4\over 3$ × π × R3, where

R = Radius of the sphere

Calculation:

Volume of sphere = $4\over 3$ × 3.14 × 4 × 4 × 4 = 267.95 cm3

Let the total number of spheres cast be "n".

Volume of metallic cone =  $1\over 3$ × 3.14 × 16 × 16 × 36 = 9,646.08 cm3

According to the question-

Volume of cone = Volume of one sphere × Total number of spheres cast

⇒ 9,646.08 cm3 = 267.95 cm3 × n

⇒ n = $9,646.08\over 267.95$ = 36 

∴ The total number of spheres cast will be 36.

Formula:

SP = (100% + G%) × CP where

SP = Selling Price

G% = Gain percentage

CP = Cost Price

Calculation:

Let the cost price be 100.

SP = 100 + 15 = 115

According to the question-

⇒ New SP = 2 × 115 = 230

G = 230 - 100 = 130

G% = $130 \over100$ × 100 = 130%

The gain percentage is 130%.

Calculation:

Let the wage earned by Erica be 100.

According to the question-

⇒ Wage earned by Rumi = 100 + 40 = 140

⇒ Wage earned by Charles = 100 + 60 = 160

Difference between the wage earned by Charles and Rumi = 160 - 140 = 20

Difference% = $20\over140$ × 100 = 14.29%

The answer is 14.29%.

Formula:

 SI = (P x R x T) / 100

Where-

P = Principal amount, R = Rate, T = Time

SI = Simple Interest

Calculation :

Let the interest rates be "r₁" and "r₂".

According to the question-

⇒ $1625 \times 5 \times r_1\over100$ - $1625 \times 5 \times r_2\over100$ = ₹32.50

⇒ 81.25 (r₁ - r2) = ₹32.50

∴ r1 - r2 = 0.4%

∴ The difference in the interest rates was 0.4%.

Concept:

Solving such expressions require decoding the pattern hidden. In the expression above, the denominators cancel out with the successive numerators. 

Calculation:

Simplifying the equation, we have-

⇒ $1\over2$ ×  $2\over3$​ ×  $3\over4$​ ×  $4\over5$​ ×  $5\over6$​ ×  $6\over7$​ × ... $21\over22$​ ×  $22\over23$​ 

Thus, we find that denominators cancel out with successive numerators except for the last denominator.

∴ The answer to the equation is $1\over23$

Formula:

MP = $SP\over(100 - D)$ × 100, where

MP = Marked price

SP = Selling Price

D = Discount %

Calculated:

Let the marked price be 100

⇒ SP = 100 - 30 = 70

Actual marked price = $455\over 70$ × 100 = Rs 650

∴ The marked price is Rs 650.

Formula:

CP = $SP\over(100 + P)$ × 100

P = SP - CP, where

CP = Cost price

SP = Selling Price

P = Profit %

Calculated:

Let the cost price be 100

⇒ SP = 100 + 15 = 115

Actual cost price = $2300\over 115$ × 100 = Rs 2000

∴ P = ₹2,300 - ₹2,000 = ₹300

∴ The profit is ₹300.

Formula:

SI = (P x R x T) / 100

SI = A - P

Where-

P = Principal amount

R = Rate

T = Time

SI = Simple Interest

A = Amount

Calculation:

SI for Arun = $7000 \times 10 \times 2\over 100$ = Rs 1400

⇒ Amount received by Arun = Rs 7000 + Rs 1400 = Rs 8400

Let the amount invested by Bharath be "y"

SI for Bharath = $y \times 8 \times 5\over 100$ = $2y\over5$

⇒ Amount received by Bharath = $2y\over5$ + y = $7y\over5$

According to the question-

⇒ $7y\over5$ = Rs 8400

∴ y = Rs 6000

The amount invested by Bharath is Rs 6000.

Calculation:

From the question-

Let the total number of workers in the company be "a"

Total number of temporary workers = $75\over100$ × $16\over100$ × a +  $25\over100$ × $72\over100$ × a 

According to the question-

⇒ $75\over100$ × $16\over100$ × a +  $25\over100$ × $72\over100$ × a = 150

⇒ 1200a + 1800a = 150 × 100 × 100

⇒ a = 500

∴ The total number of workers in the company is 500.

Shortcut Trick

Identify the common difference (k) between divisor and remainder: 16 − 14 = 2, 24 − 22 = 2, 25 − 23 = 2, 30 − 28 = 2.

The minimum number of students is given by: LCM(16, 24, 25, 30) − k.

LCM(16, 24, 25, 30) = 1200.

Required number = 1200 − 2 = 1198.

∴ The correct answer is 1198 students.

Alternate Method

Given:

Divisors (d₁, d₂, d₃, d₄) = 16, 24, 25, 30

Remainders (r₁, r₂, r₃, r₄) = 14, 22, 23, 28

Calculations:

⇒ Step 1: Check common difference (k) = (16 − 14) = (24 − 22) = (25 − 23) = (30 − 28) = 2.

⇒ Step 2: Find the LCM of divisors (16, 24, 25, 30).

⇒ Prime factorization: 16 = 2⁴, 24 = 2³ × 3, 25 = 5², 30 = 2 × 3 × 5.

⇒ LCM = 2⁴ × 3 × 5² = 16 × 3 × 25 = 1200.

⇒ Step 3: Minimum students = LCM − k = 1200 − 2.

⇒ Minimum students = 1198.

∴ The correct answer is 1198 students.

Additional Information

LCM Method for Remainders

When divisors leave remainders such that (Divisor − Remainder) = k (constant), the smallest number is LCM(Divisors) − k.

Smallest Number leaving Same Remainder

If the number leaves the same remainder (r) in each case, the number is LCM(Divisors) + r.

HCF Relationship

For the largest number that divides x, y, and z leaving remainders a, b, and c, we find HCF(x−a, y−b, z−c).

Calculation:

Let the number of total coins of 50p, 25p, and 20p denominations be 4a, 3a, and 2a. 

According to the question-

Total monetary value of coins is ₹441

⇒ 0.5 × 4a + 3a × 0.25 + 2a × 0.2 = ₹441

⇒ 2a + 0.75a + 0.4a = ₹441

⇒ 3.15a = 441

∴ a = $441\over3.15$ = 140

Coins of 25p denomination = 3 × 140 = 420

The coins of 25p denomination were 420.

Calculation:

Total boys in the school = $11\over20$ × 1600 = 880 

Total girls in the school =  $9\over20$ × 1600 = 720 

Let the number of the boys to be added be "a"

∴ According to the question-

⇒ $880+a\over720$ = $4\over3$

⇒ 2640 + 3a = 2880

⇒ 3a = 2880 - 2640

∴ a = 240 ÷ 3 = 80

The number of boys to be added is 80.

The correct answer is: Antidote.

Key Points

• Antidote means a medicine taken or given to counteract a particular poison.
• Example - Because he was bit by a snake, they had to give him the antidote so he would survive.
• So, it is clear that the 'Antidote' can be used as a one-word substitute for 'A medicine used to nullify the effect of poison.'
• Therefore, the correct answer is option 1.

Additional Information

• Antibiotic means medicine that inhibits the growth of or destroys microorganisms.
• Antigen means any substance that causes the body to make an immune response against that substance.
• Antiseptic means an antimicrobial substance or compound that is applied to living tissue/skin to reduce the possibility of infection, sepsis, or putrefaction.

The correct answer is: Drizzle

Key Points

• Drizzle means light rain falling in very fine drops.
• Example- Yes, it's raining, but it's only a drizzle.
• So, it is clear that the 'Drizzle' can be used as a one-word substitute for 'Light rain falling in small drops.'
• Therefore, the correct answer is option 4.

Additional Information

• Downpour is a heavy fall of rain.
• Stream means a small, narrow river.
• Dew means tiny drops of water.

The segment that contains a grammatical error is: furnitures.

Key Points

• Remove 's' from the word 'furniture' to make the sentence correct.
• The noun 'furniture' can be countable or uncountable.
• In more general, commonly used, contexts, the plural form will also be 'furniture.'
• Therefore, the correct answer is option 2.
  

Hence, the correct sentence is: We bought good quality furniture for our new house.

The correct answer is: No error

Key Points

• The sentence has no errors in it.
• “One of the” is always followed by a plural noun. Hence “One of the + plural nouns” acts as a singular subject in a sentence.
• The indefinite article (a, an) is used before a noun that is general or when its identity is not known. Such as, In the given sentence 'A good book.'
• So, The given sentence is both grammatically and contextually correct.
• Therefore, the correct answer is option 3.
  

The complete sentence is: A good book is one of our best friends.

The erroneous spelling is: Nerture.

Key Points

• The correct spelling should be 'Nurture'.
• Nurture means caring for and protecting someone or something while they are growing.
• Example- You have to carefully nurture the vines if you want them to produce good grapes.
• Therefore, the correct answer is option 1 which is incorrectly spelt.

Additional Information 

• Capture means taking into one's possession or control by force.
• Structure means a building or other object constructed from several parts.
• Lecture means an educational talk to an audience, especially to students in a university.

The correct answer is: have known.

Key Points

• 'Have known' is used in the present perfect tense.
• The present perfect is often used for an action that started at some time in the past and is still continuing now.
• When we use present perfect tense in a sentence, we follow this structure:
• Subject ( I, You, We, You, They ) + HAVE + V3 ( third form of main verb – past participle)
• Example- We have known each other for so long!
• "​Have known" is used in this context to express a lack of surprise at something. It implies that they still know each other.
• Therefore, the correct answer is option 3.
  

Hence, the corrected sentence is: My brother and Raj are good friends. They have known each other for at least 10 years.

The correct answer is: Converge

Key Points

• Diverge means to separate from another route and going in a different direction.
• Example - They were close friends in college, but after graduation, their lives diverged.
• Marked option Converge means to move toward the same point and come closer together or meet.
• Example - The two roads converge in the center of town.
• It is clear that 'Diverge' and 'Converge' are opposite in meaning.
• Therefore the correct answer is option 2.

Additional Information

• Depart means to leave, especially in order to start a journey.
• Contrast means an obvious difference between two or more things.
• Submerge means moving or sloping downwards.

The correct spelling is: Conscientious.

Key Points

• Conscientious means wishing to do one's work or duty well and thoroughly.
• Example - She was conscientious with regard to her duties as an examiner.
• Therefore, the correct answer is option 4 which is correctly spelt.

The correct answer is: Follow the rules.

Key Points

• Toe the line means to conform strictly to a rule, command, etc; accept the authority, policies, or principles of a particular group, especially unwillingly.
• Example- He tried hard to toe the line on the new job.
• So, it is clear that the most appropriate meaning of the given idiom 'Toe the line' is 'Follow the rules.'
• Hence, the correct answer is option 1.

The erroneous part of the sentence is: Tortoises inhabit all of.

Key Points

• Add 'almost' after the word 'inhabit' to make the sentence correct.
• Almost means not quite but very nearly.
• "Almost all" is sometimes used synonymously with "all but [except] finitely many" or "all but a countable set."
• In the given sentence, it is said that except for Australia and Antarctica, Tortoises inhabit all other parts of the world. So, 'almost all' would be appropriate to give a meaningful statement.
• Therefore, the correct answer is option 1.