SSC GD Constable Previous Year Paper (Held on: 25th November 2021 Shift 1)

Given: EIM, QUY, CGK, ?

The logic followed here is:

Hence, OSW is the correct answer.

Given: ‘nuk me xil’ means ‘lit this light’, ‘ki me to’ means ‘the bright light’, and ‘nuk ki yun’ means‘ this is bright’. 

The logic followed here is: 

implies,

Hence, xii is the correct answer.

Given: 1, 8, 81, ?, 15625

The logic followed here is:

Hence, 1024 is the correct answer.

The logic followed here is:

By checking options:

(1) Mercury and Venus are Planets, as shown below;

(2) Some businessmen are scientists, some scientists are singers, and some singers are businessmen, and some singers are businessmen and scientists, as shown below;

(3) Spinach is a Vegetable, and Peach is not a Vegetable, as shown below;

(4) Some women are swimmers, and some men are swimmers, as shown below;

Hence, "women, swimmers, men" is the correct answer.

The logic followed here is:

The paper when unfolded will look like this:

Hence, option (3) is the correct answer.

Given: CNK : JUR :: FJL : ? 

The logic followed here is:

Similarly,

Hence, MQS is the correct answer.

Given: 483 D 23 A 93 C 16 B 4C (15 B 2)

By substituting the following symbols,

483 D 23 A 93 C 16 B 4C (15 B 2) → 483 ÷ 23 + 93 - 16 × 4 - (15 × 2)

= 483 ÷ 23 + 93 - 16 × 4 - 30

= 21 + 93 - 16 × 4 - 30

= 21 + 93 - 64 - 30

= 114 - 64 - 30

= 50 - 30

= 20

Hence, 20 is the correct answer.

In this question, We will use the opposite face relation of cube which is shown below-

The opposite faces are:

Hence, 2 is the number that will be on the opposite the face showing the number '4'.

Given: 2, 10, 30, ?, 130

The logic followed here is:

Hence, 68 is the correct answer.

Alternate Method

The missing number is 68.

Explanation:

(1 * 1 * 1) + 1 = 2,

(2 * 2 * 2) + 2 = 10,

(3 * 3 * 3) + 3 = 30,

(4 * 4 * 4) + 4 = 68,

(5 * 5 * 5) + 5 = 130.

So, the missing number is 68.

Given: Suman is four times as old as her son. Five years ago, she was seven times as old as her son. 

Let the present age or Suman be 'S' and that of her son be 'p'.

According to the question,

S = 4 × p       -----------(i)

S - 5 = 7 × (p - 5)

Putting the value of S from equ. (i);

4p - 5 = 7p - 35

7p - 4p = 35 - 5

3p = 30

p = 10

Hence, the age of the son of Suman is 10 years.

Given:  

The logic followed here is: the given image is embedded in the answer figure as shown below,

Hence, option (1) is the correct answer.

The least possible diagram is as follows:

Conclusions:

I. All pens are markers → False (it is possible but not definite as shown in the diagram above)

II. Some pens are markers → False (it is possible but definite as shown in the diagram above) 

Hence, none of the conclusions follow.

Given: 'LUCKNOW' is written as 'CULKWON' and 'UDAIPUR' is written as 'ADUIRUP'. 

The logic followed here is:

And,

Similarly,

Hence, AWGLROI is the correct answer.

The logic followed here is:

Column wise,

(3rd number - 1st number) + 10 = 2nd number.

Column (1) → 71 - 34 = 37 → 37 + 10 = 47

Column (3) → 61 - 43 = 18 → 18 + 10 = 28

Similarly, 

Column (2) → 33 - 18 = 15 → 15 + 10 = 25

Hence, 25 is the correct answer.

Given: ‘FALSE’ is coded as ‘2141588’.

The logic followed here is:

The opposite positional value of consonant and add 3 to the positional values of vowels, as shown below,

• Consonants ⇔ Opposite letter positional value
• Vowel + 3

Similarly,

• Consonants ⇔ Opposite letter positional value
• Vowel + 3

Hence, 24191812248 is the correct answer.

Given: 11 : 77 :: 12 : ? :: 14 : 119

The logic followed here is:

(First number + 3) × (First number ÷ 2) = Second number

11 : 77 ⇒

(11 + 3) × (11 ÷ 2)

= 14 × (11 ÷ 2)

= 7 × 11 = 77

Similarly,

12 : ? ⇒

(12 + 3) × (12 ÷ 2)

= 15 × 6

= 90

And

14 : 119 ⇒ 

(14 + 3) × (14 ÷ 2)

= 17 × 7

= 119

Hence, the correct answer is "90".

Given: 

The logic followed here is:

Detailed Explanation:

• The line PQ is the mirror.
• The given word "CONTINUITY" ends with Y. So the mirror image will start with 'Y' ⇒ Options 1 and 4 are eliminated.
• The given word "CONTINUITY" has the sixth last letter "I", So the sixth letter of the mirror image should be "I" ⇒ Option 3 is eliminated.

Hence, option (2) is the correct answer.

By arranging the given words in dictionary order;

3. Nebulizer

1. Nervous

5. Nitrogen

2. Nobility

4. Nominate

Hence, 3, 1, 5, 2, 4 is the correct order.

From the given information,

Your (Deveshi) mother Ritu is the younger sister of my (Nisha) father (Dileep), who is the second child of Krishna. Thus, the final family tree is as follows:

Since the gender of Krishna is not specified here, thus, Krishna can be the maternal grandmother or the maternal grandfather of Devas. 

Therefore, from the given options, we can say that Krishna is the maternal grandfather of Deveshi.

Hence, Krishna is the maternal grandfather of Deveshi.

People: M, N, L, O, Q, and H are sitting in a row.

(1) M and N are at the ends.

(2) L is sitting to the left of N. 

(3) Q and H are in the center. Therefore, the final seating arrangement is as follows:

Thus O is sitting to the right of M.

Hence, O is the correct answer.

Given: 

The logic followed here is:

J (10) - B (2) = H (8)

R (18) - M (13) = E (5)

Similarly,

? - I (9) = K (11)

? = I (11) + K (9) 

? = T (20) 

Hence, T is the correct answer.

By checking options:

Thus YAWD is different from other words.

Hence, the correct answer is "YAWD".

The logic followed here is:

The number of lines of the polygon increases by 1 in each step and half of the polygon is shaded, thus the final series is as follows;

• Figure (1) → Triangle (3 sides)
• Figure (2) → Rectangle (4 sides)
• Figure (3) → Pentagon (5 sides)
• Figure (4) → Hexagon (6 sides)

Hence, option (1) is the correct answer.

Seven doctors: S, T, U, V, X, Y, and Z are sitting around a round table, facing the center.

(1) Y is sitting third to the right of Z and between S and X.

(2) Z is sitting second to the right of U.

(3) V is sitting third to the left of X.

(4) Two doctors are sitting between Y and V. Therefore, the final seating arrangement is as follows:

Now, we can check the options:

(1) Z is sitting between T and X → False (T is sitting between Z and X)

(2) S is sitting fourth to the left of T → True

(3) U is sitting to the immediate right of V → False (U is sitting immediate left of V)

(4) Four doctors are sitting between Y and Z → False (either two or three doctors are sitting between Y and Z)

Hence, S is sitting fourth to the left of T is correct.

Given: Cataract is related to ‘Eye’ in the same way as Meniere’s disease is related to ‘________’.

The logic followed here is:

A cataract is a disease related to ‘Eye’.

Similarly,

Meniere’s disease is related to 'Ear'.

Hence, "Ear" the is the correct answer.

Important Points

• Cataract: A cataract is a clouding of the normally clear lens of the eye.
• For people who have cataracts, seeing through cloudy lenses is a bit like looking through a frosty or fogged-up window
• Meniere's: A disease of unknown cause affecting the membranous labyrinth of the ear, causing progressive deafness and attacks of tinnitus and vertigo.

The correct answer is Diwali.

Key Points

• Diwali is celebrated during the Amavasya of the Kartik month.
• Diwali symbolizes the spiritual victory of light over darkness, good over evil, and knowledge over ignorance.
• The festival usually lasts five days and is celebrated during the Hindu lunisolar month Kartika (between mid-October and mid-November).
• Diwali is observed on Amavasya (or new moon) the 15th day of the month of Kartika, every year.

Additional Information

• Govardhan Puja, also known as Annakut or Annakoot, is a Hindu festival in which devotees worship Govardhan Hill.
• Dhanteras, also known as Dhanatrayodashi, is the first day that marks the festival of Diwali in India.
• It is celebrated on the thirteenth lunar day of Krishna Paksha in the Hindu calendar month of Ashvini.
• Raksha Bandhan is a popular and traditionally Hindu annual rite or ceremony that is central to a festival of the same name celebrated in South Asia.

The correct answer is Swadeshi Movement.

Key Points

• During Swadeshi Movement in Bengal tricolour flag was designed.
• Pingali Venkayya is the freedom fighter who designed and handed over the tricolour (which later became the national flag) to Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi.
• Venkayya was educated at Cambridge and grew up to become a polymath with interests in geology, agriculture, education and languages.

Additional Information

Swadeshi Movement(1905-1908):

• Indian National Congress(INC) under the Presidentship of G.K.Gokhale formally approved the Swadeshi Movement at Banaras session in December 1905.
• Objectives:
• Condemn the partition of Bengal,
• Condemn the reactionary policies of Curzon, and
• Support the anti-partition and Swadeshi Movement of Bengal.
• As the Moderate-Extremist disputes were there regarding the attitude towards the Swadeshi Movement, it increased with the pace of the movement, and techniques of struggle reached a deadlock, Hence, to resolve it, Dadabhai Nauroji attempted in the Calcutta Session.

The correct answer is Virat Kohli.

Key Points

• India captain Virat Kohli was named People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals (PETA) India’s ‘Person of the Year for 2019’ for his animal advocacy efforts.
• The PETA awards are given to people or organisations that take initiative in the welfare of animals and violence against animals.
• Past recipients of the award include Shashi Tharoor, Anushka Sharma, R Madhavan, and Jacqueline Fernandez.

Additional Information 

• John Abraham has been named the Person of the Year for 2020 by the People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals (PETA).
• John Abraham had sent a letter urging an e-retailer to stop trading in live animals.
• People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals (PETA) has named Alia Bhatt as its Person of the Year 2021.
• Alia had also set up a program titled Coexist which is a platform that highlights and works towards the issues of animal and ecological welfare.

The correct answer is agriculture sector.

Key Points

• When a good is produced by exploiting natural resources, it falls in the category of agriculture sector.
• When we produce goods by exploiting natural resources it comes under the primary sector as these economic activities are directly tied to the extraction of resources from the earth.

Additional Information 

The three-sector theory was developed by Allan Fisher, Colin Clark, and Jean Fourastié

Other sectors

The correct answer is 17 November.

Key Points

• In India, National Epilepsy Day 2020 was celebrated on 17 November.
• Epilepsy is a chronic disorder of brain characterized by recurrent ‘seizures’ or ‘fits’.
• The seizures are caused as a result of sudden, excessive electrical discharges in the neurons (brain cells).
• The condition can affect people at any age and each age group has unique concerns and problems.

Additional Information

• Important November Days:

The correct answer is 1972.

Key Points

• The Bengal tiger was adopted as 'The national animal of India' in the year 1972.
• The Bengal Tiger was declared as the national animal of India in April 1973, with the initiation of Project Tiger.
• It was a step to protect the tigers in India.

Additional Information

The correct answer is Kerala.

Key Points

• Kerala has been named the best-governed state in the country while Uttar Pradesh ended at the bottom in the large states category, according to the Public Affairs Index-2020.
• In the small state category, Goa ranked first with 1.745 points, followed by Meghalaya (0.797) and Himachal Pradesh (0.725).
• Chandigarh emerged the best governed union territory in the category of UTs with 1.05 PAI points, followed by Puducherry (0.52) and Lakshadweep (0.003).

Additional Information

• Public Affairs Index-2020 was released by the Public Affairs Centre (PAC), a non profit organisation, headed by former ISRO chairman K Kasturirangan.
• The states were ranked on governance performance based on a composite index in the context of sustainable development.
• According to the PAC rankings, Kerala (1.388 PAI Index point), Tamil Nadu (0.912), Andhra Pradesh (0.531) and Karnataka (0.468) occupied the top four slots in large state category in terms of governance.
• On the other hand, Uttar Pradesh, Odisha and Bihar were the worst performers and placed at the bottom of the rankings.

The correct answer is China.

Key Points

• Asian Games, 2022 will be a multi-sport event celebrated in Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
• Hangzhou will be the third Chinese city to host the Asian Games, after Beijing in 1990 and Guangzhou in 2010.
• On 8 April 2019, the Olympic Council of Asia initially announced that the Games would feature 37 sports, including the 28 mandatory Olympic sports to be contested at the 2024 Summer Olympics in Paris.

Additional Information 

• The Asian Games, also known as Asiad, is a continental multi-sport event held every four years among athletes from all over Asia.
• Since the 1982 Games, they have been organized by the Olympic Council of Asia (OCA).
• First Games were organized in 1951 in New Delhi.
• The Games are recognized by the International Olympic Committee (IOC) and are described as the second largest multi-sport event after the Olympic Games.
• The Games were originally scheduled to take place from 10th to 25th September 2022, but the event was postponed due to the Covid-19 pandemic on 6he May 2022. On 19th July 2022, the new dates were announced to be from 23rd September to 8th, 2023.

The correct answer is Parliament.

Key Points

• The Parliament is the final authority of making laws in any democratic country.
• Parliament:
• The law proposals which are passed by the parliament should be approved by the President.
• And similarly, the law proposals which are passed by state legislatures should be approved by Governor.
• Parliament has also the power to amend the laws in India.
• Prime Minister is the head of the council of ministers and also head the cabinet and acts as the chief advisor to the President.
• Parliament is the supreme law-making institution in India.
• It has two houses, the Lok Sabha and the Rajya Sabha.
• Parliament consists of the President and two Houses, Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha.
• Parliament is the final authority for making laws in any country. This task of lawmaking or legislation is so crucial that these assemblies are called legislatures.
• Parliaments all over the world can make new laws, change existing laws, or abolish existing laws and make new ones in their place.
• Parliaments all over the world exercise some control over those who run the government. In some countries like India, this control is direct and full.
• Those who run the government can take decisions only so long as they enjoy the support of the Parliament.
• Parliaments control all the money that governments have. In most countries, and the public money can be spent only when the Parliament sanctions it.
• Parliament is the highest forum of discussion and debate on public issues and national policy in any country. Parliament can seek information about any matter.

Additional Information

• President:
• He/She is the head of the state and is the highest formal authority in the country.
• Prime Minister:
• He/She is the head of the government and actually exercises all governmental powers. He takes most of the decisions in the Cabinet meetings.
• The Prime Minister must have the support of a majority of Lok Sabha members.

The correct answer is Manu Bhaker.

Key Points

• Manu Bhaker is NOT a hockey player.
• Manu Bhaker:
• She is an Olympian from India who competes in airgun shooting.
• She earned two gold medals for India at the 2018 ISSF World Cup.
• She is the youngest Indian to earn an ISSF World Cup gold medal.
• In her first Commonwealth Games debut, she won the gold medal in the women's 10 m air pistol event at the age of 16.
• She qualified for the finals after scoring 388/400 points in the women's 10m air pistol qualification round at the 2018 Commonwealth Games.
• She won the gold medal in the women's 10m air pistol event at the Gold Coast Commonwealth Games by establishing a new Commonwealth Games record of 240.9 points in the final round.

Additional Information

• The Indian hockey team won a gold medal at the Amsterdam Olympics in 1928 against the Netherlands.
• Jaipal Singh was the captain of the Indian hockey team at that time.
• Dhyanchand scored the highest number of goals (14) at the 1928 Olympics.
• Indian hockey team won the Gold medals in six consecutive Summer Olympics starting in 1928, 32, 36, 48, 52, and 56, and then two times later in 1964 and 1980.
• Indian Hockey Team under the leadership of Manpreet Singh has also qualified for the Tokyo Olympics.
• Deepika Thakur, Akashdeep Singh, and Ajit Singh all are Hockey players.

Important Points 

Manu Bhaker won two bronze medals at the 2024 Paris Olympics in shooting, making her the first Indian woman to win an Olympic medal in shooting: 

• Women's 10 metre air pistol: Bhaker's first medal and India's first medal at the 2024 Paris Olympics
• Mixed 10 metre air pistol team event: Bhaker won this bronze medal with Sarabjot Singh, beating the Republic of Korea
• Bhaker was also the flagbearer for India at the closing ceremony of the 2024 Paris Olympics. Her next goal is to win a gold medal at the 2028 LA Olympics

The correct answer is West Bengal.

Key Points

• Raiganj Wildlife sanctuary also popularly known as Kulik bird sanctuary.
• It is located near Raiganj in Uttar Dinajpur district in the state of West Bengal.
• The bird sanctuary is home to 164 species of birds and some 90,000 to 1,00,000 migratory birds visit the sanctuary every year.

Additional Information

• West Bengal:
• State Formed: 1st November 1956.
• Capital: Kolkata.
• Chief Minister: Mamata Banerjee.
• Governor: Dr. C.V. Ananda Bose
• Official Language: Bengali.
• The sorrow of Bengal: Damodar.
• City of Palaces and City of Joy - Kolkata.
• India's first underground railway system and first metro train service were established in Kolkata.
• India's first IIT was set up at Kharagpur.
• The Himalayan Mountaineering Institute was established in Darjeeling.
• Largest Cantilever bridge in India - Howrah Bridge.
• The leading producer of Rice and Jute..
• Largest Delta in the world - Sunderbans Delta Kolkata.
• Largest Planetarium - Birla Planetarium in Kolkata

The correct answer is India.

Key Points

• India hosted the 13th BRICS Summit in 2021.
• Prime Minister Narendra Modi chaired the 13th BRICS Summit on 9 September 2021 in a virtual format.
• The meeting was attended by the President of Brazil Jair Bolsanaro, the President of Russia Vladimir Putin, the President of China Xi Jinping and the President of South Africa Cyril Ramaphosa.
• The theme for the Summit is BRICS@15: Intra-BRICS cooperation for continuity, consolidation and consensus.
• India had outlined four priority areas for its Chairship.
• These are Reform of the Multilateral System, Counter Terrorism, Using Digital and Technological Tools for achieving SDGs and Enhancing People to People exchanges.
• The Indian Chairship of BRICS in 2021 coincides with the fifteenth anniversary of BRICS.

Additional Information

• BRICS:
• The full form of BRICS is Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa.
• Initially, in 2009 there were only four countries.
• South Africa joined in 2010.
• It is associated with five emerging economies of the world that have a significant influence on regional affairs.
• It was formed in 2009 and since then the governments of these 5 countries met annually at formal summits.
• For the year 2020, Russia hosted the 12th BRICS summit.
• India has earlier hosted BRICS Summit 2012 and 2016.

The correct answer is retina.

Key Points

• The human eye is like a camera. Its lens system forms an image on a light-sensitive screen called the Retina.
• The retina is the light-sensitive surface of an eye on which the image is formed.
• It generates signals which are transmitted to the brain through optical nerves

​

Additional Information

• Different parts of the eyes and their functions are shown in the table:

The correct answer is Forestry.

Key Points

• Primary Sector- sources of raw materials (agriculture and allied sector services)
• They are the sources of production of raw materials for secondary and tertiary sectors, it includes:
• Agriculture and forestry
• Fishing and poultry farming
• Animal Husbandry

Additional Information

The three-sector theory was developed by Allan Fisher, Colin Clark, and Jean Fourastié

Other sectors

The correct answer is Making India Awesome (2015).

Key Points

• Making India Awesome (2015) is written by Chetan Bhagat:
• Books by Shashi Tharoor:
• Reasons of State (1985)
• India: From Midnight to the Millennium (1997)
• Nehru: The Invention of India.
• Bookless in Baghdad (2005)
• The Elephant, the Tiger, and the Cell Phone: Reflections on India – The Emerging 21st-Century Power (2007)
• Shadows Across the Playing Field: Sixty Years of India-Pakistan Cricket (2009) (with Shaharyar Khan)
• Pax Indica: India and the World of the 21st Century (2012)
• India: the Future is Now (Editor)(2013)
• India Shastra: Reflections on the Nation in our Time (2015)
• An Era of Darkness: The British Empire in India (2016)
• Inglorious Empire: What the British Did to India (2017)
• Why I Am A Hindu (2018)
• The Paradoxical Prime Minister (2018)
• The Hindu Way (2019)
• The New World Disorder and the Indian Imperative (2020), co-authored with Samir Saran.
• The Battle of Belonging (2020)
• Tharoorosaurus (2020)
• Pride, Prejudice and Punditry: The Essential Shashi Tharoor (2021)
• The Struggle for India's Soul: Nationalism and the Fate of Democracy (2021)
• Ambedkar: A Life (2022)
• Kerala: God's Own Country (2002) (along with artist M.F. Husain).
• Inde (in French) or India (in English) (2008) along with photographer Ferrante Ferranti.

The correct answer is West Bengal.

Key Points

• As of July 2021, the Ayushman Bharat Pradhan Mantri Jan Arogya Yojana (AB-PM-JAY) was NOT implemented in the state of West Bengal.
• AB-PMJAY is the world’s largest Government funded health assurance scheme.
• AB-PMJAY provides health assurance of up to Rs.5 Lakh per family per year for secondary and tertiary healthcare hospitalizations.
• AB-PMJAY is a completely cashless and paperless scheme.
• The benefits under AB-PMJAY are portable across the country.
• There is no cap on family size, or age or gender.

Additional Information

• Over two crore people have availed treatment under Ayushman Bharat Pradhan Mantri Jan Arogya Yojana.
• The scheme, which is the world's largest health care program, provides a cover of up to Rs. 5 lakh per family per year for secondary and tertiary care hospitalization to over 10.74 crore poor and vulnerable families.
• It helps to reduce hospital expenditure and mitigate the financial risk.
• It provides cashless and paperless access to services for the beneficiaries at the point of service.
• Prime Minister Narendra Modi had launched the Ayushman Bharat - Pradhan Mantri Jan Aarogya Yojana from Ranchi in Jharkhand on 23rd September, 2018.

The correct answer is Bahadur Shah Zafar.

Key Points

• The last Mughal emperor was, Bahadur Shah II or Bahadur Shah Zafar.
• Bahadur Shah Zafar was born on 24 October 1775 and was the twentieth and last Mughal Emperor of India and Urdu poet.
• He was the second son and the successor to his father, Akbar II, who died on 28 September 1837.
• He was a titular Emperor, as the Mughal Empire existed in name only, and his authority was limited only to the walled city of Old Delhi (Shahjahanabad).
• After the Indian Rebellion of 1857, the British exiled him from Delhi.
• Zafar died on Friday, 7 November 1862 during his exile in Rangoon, Burma.

Additional Information

• Babur:
• He is the founder of the Mughal Empire.
• He fought the first Battle of Panipat in 1526 with Ibrahim Lodhi and laid the foundation of the Mughal Empire.
• His autobiography Tuzuk-i-Babri was written in the Turkish Language.
• In 1527 his general Mir Baki built Babri Maszid.
• He died in 1530.
• Humayun:
• He was the son of Babur.
• He was a mathematician and astronomer.
• His autobiography Humayunama was written by his sister Gulbadan Begum.
• Akbar:
• He was born in 1542 at Amarkot.
• He fought the second battle of Panipat in 1556 with Hemu and he defeated Hemu.
• He abolished the religious tax Jizya.
• He founded a new religion "Din-i- illahi".
• His autobiography was written by Abul Fazal " Ain-i-Akbari".
• Jahangir:
• His childhood name was Salim.
• He executed the fifth guru of Sikh Arjun Dev.
• His period was the golden age of painting.
• Shah Jahan
• His period was the golden age of architecture.
• He built the Taj Mahal in memory of his wife Mumtaz Mahal.
• Aurangzeb:
• He was an accomplished Veena Player.
• He executed the 9th Sikh Guru Tej Bahadur.
• He adopted the name of Alamgir.
• He abolished the Persian Festival "Navroj".

The correct answer is The Mahalwari System.

Key Points

• Mahalwari Settlement:
• In 1822, Englishman Holt Mackenzie and Robert Merttins Bird devised this system.
• The land revenue was collected from the farmers by the village headmen on behalf of the whole village (and not the zamindar).
• The entire village was converted into one bigger unit called 'Mahal' and was treated as one unit for the payment of land revenue.
• It was the first to have concluded with the village community.

Additional Information

• Permanent Settlement:
• It was the settlement where the Zamindars were recognized as the permanent owners of the land.
• They were given instructions to pay 89% of the annual revenue to the state.
• They were permitted to enjoy 11% of the revenue as their share.
• Ryotwari Settlement:
• It was devised by Captain Alexander Read and Sir Thomas Munro at the end of the 18th century.
• The land revenue was paid by the farmers directly to the state.
• The Individual cultivator called Ryot had full rights regarding the sale, transfer, and leasing of the land.
• The Doctrine of Lapse:
• It was first applied in the year 1848 to the State of Satra.
• The Doctrine of Lapse was introduced by Lord Dalhousie (1848-1856) in the year 1848.
• Features of Doctrine of lapse were:
• Ruler of any Princely State which governed directly or indirectly by British does not have a legal male heir then his state will be annexed by British.
• Adopted Sons are not accepted as legal heirs by this policy.
• The first state to be annexed under Doctrine of lapse was Satara (1848) followed by Jaipur and Sambalpur (1849), Bhagat (1850), Udaipur (1852), Jhansi (1853), Nagpur (1854).

The correct answer is female mosquito.

Key Points

• The female Anopheles mosquito is a transmitter of malaria.
• Malaria is an acute febrile disease caused by the Plasmodium parasite that is transmitted to people by the bite of a female Anopheles mosquito.
• Plasmodium groups are single-celled microorganisms.
• The disease is widespread in tropical and sub-tropical regions around the equator.

Additional Information 

• Some examples of infectious diseases and their agents are given below.

The correct answer is Anatomy.

Key Points

• Anatomy is the science that studies the structure of the body.
• Anatomy is a branch of natural science that deals with the structural organization of living things.

Additional Information

The correct answer is there is a division of powers between the Centre and the States.

Important Points

• Federalism is part of the basic structure of the Indian constitution which cannot be altered or destroyed through constitutional amendments under the constituent powers of the Parliament without undergoing judicial review by the Supreme Court.
• Federal features of the Indian constitution:
• Written constitution.
• Supremacy of constitution.
• Division of powers.
• Independent judiciary.
• Bicameralism.
• Rigidity of constitution.
• Two governments.
• Hence there is a division of powers between the Centre and the States is the correct answer.

Additional Information

• Unitary features of the Indian constitution:
• Integrated judiciary.
• Single constitution.
• Strong centre.
• Single citizenship.
• All India services.

The correct answer is the fiscal deficit.

Key Points

• The difference between the total revenue and total expenditure of the government is called a fiscal deficit.
• A fiscal Deficit:
• It is a difference between the total income of the government (total taxes and non-debt capital receipts) and its total expenditure.
• A recurring high fiscal deficit means that the government has been spending beyond its means.
• The government meets the fiscal deficit by borrowing money. In a way, the total borrowing requirements of the government in a financial year are equal to the fiscal deficit in that year.
• A fiscal deficit situation occurs when the government's expenditure exceeds its income.
• This difference is calculated both in absolute terms and also as a percentage of the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of the country.
• Fiscal Deficit formula:
• Fiscal Deficit = Total expenditure of the government (capital and revenue expenditure) - Total income of the government (Revenue receipts + recovery of loans + other receipts).

Additional Information

• Deflation:
• It is a state where 'Demand is reduced, so definitely its supply get affected and get increased, due to low demand, Price decreases.
• When Price decreases Profit eventually decreases which leads to Unemployment and then affects industries and the closure of companies.
• The primary Deficit:
• It is measured by subtracting the interest payments from the fiscal deficit.
• Primary Deficit = Fiscal Deficit - Interest Payments.
• The primary deficit is a measure of the current year's fiscal operation after excluding the liability of interest payments created due to borrowings of the past.
• A primary deficit is considered a tool in the process of bringing more transparency to the government's expenditure pattern.
• Budget Deficit:
• It is the difference between total expenditure and total receipts.

The correct answer is Manipravalam.

Key Points

• The Lilatilakam was written in the Manipravalam language and was a fourteenth-century text.
• Manipravalam language:
• Manipravalami is a South Indian macaronic language documented in some texts.
• It is a hybrid language that blends Sanskrit vocabulary with Tamil morpho-syntax and is commonly written in the Grantha script.
• However, the Sanskrit text Lilatilakam, written in the 14th century, claims that Manipravalam is a hybrid of Tamil and Sanskrit.

Additional Information

• Brahmi Script:
• Brahmi is the mother script of most of the present Indian scripts including Devanagari, Bengali, Tamil, Malayalam, etc.
• It developed into two broad types in Northern and Southern India.
• More angular in Northern India.
• More circular in Southern India.
• It was deciphered in 1837 by James Princep.
• Example: Rock-cut edicts of Asoka.

The correct answer is It is mainly practiced in lesser developed countries.

Important Points

• Subsistence Farming:
• ​It is characterised by small and scattered land holdings and the use of primitive tools.  
• ​Hence statement 2 is against it.
• As the farmers are poor, they do not use fertilisers and high yielding variety of seeds in their fields to the extent they should do.
• Hence statement 3 is against it.
• Shifting cultivation is a type/ example of subsistence farming in which the farmers clear a patch of forest land by cutting and burning trees and then crops are grown.
• This type of farming is practised to meet the needs of the farmer’s family.
• Hence statement 4 is against it.
• Traditionally, low levels of technology and household labour are used to produce small output.
• Facilities like electricity and irrigation are generally not available to them.
• So It is mainly practiced in lesser developed countries.
• Hence statement 1 is NOT against it.

The correct answer is Mumbai Indians.

Key Points 

• IPL 2020 is the consecutive second time Mumbai Indians won the IPL title & and overall 5th time.
• IPL 2019: Mumbai Indians beat Chennai Super Kings by 1 run.
• IPL 2017: Mumbai Indians beat Rising Pune Supergiant by 1 run.
• IPL 2015: Mumbai Indians beat Chennai Super Kings by 41 runs.
• IPL 2013: Mumbai Indians beat Chennai Super Kings by 23 runs.

Additional Information

• Indian Premier League:
• It is a Twenty20 cricket league that is contested by ten teams based out of 10 cities/states of India.
• The tournament follows a double round-robin and playoffs format.
• It was founded in 2007 by the Board of Control for Cricket in India (BCCI).
• Most numbers of titles are won by the Mumbai Indians i.e. 5 titles.

Shortcut Trick

Find the cost and selling price for a single orange to make the calculation simple and direct.

Cost Price (CP) of 1 orange = 193.20 ÷ 23 = ₹8.40

Selling Price (SP) of 1 orange = 108 ÷ 12 = ₹9.00

Profit % = [(SP − CP) ÷ CP] × 100 = (0.60 ÷ 8.40) × 100

Profit % = (1 ÷ 14) × 100 = 7.14% ≈ 7.1%

∴ The correct answer is 7.1%.

Alternate Method

Given:

CP of 23 oranges = ₹193.20

SP of 1 dozen (12 oranges) = ₹108

Formula Used:

Profit = Selling Price (SP) − Cost Price (CP)

Profit % = (Profit ÷ CP) × 100

Calculations:

⇒ CP of 1 orange = 193.20 ÷ 23 = ₹8.40

⇒ SP of 1 orange = 108 ÷ 12 = ₹9.00

⇒ Profit earned on 1 orange = 9.00 − 8.40 = ₹0.60

⇒ Profit % = (0.60 ÷ 8.40) × 100

⇒ Profit % = (6 ÷ 84) × 100

⇒ Profit % = (1 ÷ 14) × 100

⇒ Profit % = 50 ÷ 7 = 7.1428%

⇒ Correct to one decimal place = 7.1%

∴ The correct answer is 7.1%.

Additional Information

Marked Price & Discount

Discount is always calculated on the Marked Price (MP). The resulting price is Selling Price (SP) = MP − Discount.

Successive Discounts

If successive discounts of x% and y% are given on an item, the equivalent single discount is given by the formula (x + y − xy÷100)%.

Dishonest Dealer Formula

If a dealer claims to sell goods at Cost Price but uses false weights, Profit % = [(True Weight − False Weight) ÷ False Weight] × 100.

Given:

Total cost of the table and the chair = Rs. 2200

Table sold at 15% gain

Chair sold at 5% loss

Overall gain = 4%

Calculation:

Let, CP of the chair = m, and CP of the table = n

⇒ m + n = 2200     

⇒ m = 2200 - n     ---(1)

SP of chair = (100 - 5)/100 × m = 0.95m

SP of table = (100 + 15)/100 × n = 1.15n

Total SP = (100 + 4)/100 × 2200 = 1.04 × 2200

Now,

⇒ 0.95m + 1.15n = 1.04 × 2200

⇒ 95m + 115n = 228800

⇒ 19m + 23n = 45760

substituting value of 'm' from equation (1),

⇒ 19 × (2200 - n) + 23n = 45760

⇒ 41800 - 19n + 23n = 45760

⇒ 4n = 45760 - 41800

⇒ n = 3960/4 = Rs. 990

∴ The cost of the table is Rs. 990.

Shortcut Trick

CP of the table

⇒ 2200 × 9/(9 + 11)

⇒ 2200 × 9/20 = Rs. 990

Given:

Sum of three numbers = 172

First number : Second number = 3 : 5 

Second number : Third number = 7 : 6

Calculation:

Let the three numbers are a, b and c

⇒ a : b = 3 : 5 = 21 : 35

⇒ b : c = 7 : 6 = 35 : 30 

So, a : b : c = 21 : 35 : 30 

Let, a : b : c = k                                                                                                                                                                          Now,

a + b + c = 172

⇒ 21k + 35k + 30k = 172

⇒ 86k = 172

⇒ k = 172/86 =2

So, a = 21 × 2 = 42

∴ The first number is 42.

Given:

Sum of two numbers = 35

HCF of the given numbers = 5

LCM of the given numbers = 60

Concept used:

Let, a number = m

Reciprocal of the number = 1/m

Calculation:

Let the two numbers be 5m and 5n.

According to the questions,

5m + 5n = 35

⇒ m + n = 7

⇒ m = 7 - n      --- (1)

LCM = 5mn = 60

⇒ mn = 12     

Substituting the value of 'm' from equation (1),

⇒ (7 - n) × n = 12

⇒ 7n - n2 = 12

⇒ n2 - 7n + 12 = 0

⇒ (n - 3) (n - 4) = 0

So, n = 3, 4

If we take n = 3, m = 7 - 3 = 4

If we take n = 4, m = 7 - 4 = 3

So, the numbers are 5 × 3 = 15, and 5 × 4 = 20

Reciprocal of the numbers = 1/15, 1/20

Now,

⇒ 1/m + 1/n

⇒ (1/15) + (1/20)

⇒ 7/60

∴ The sum of the reciprocal of the numbers is 7/60.

Concept used:

Calculation:

20 - [7 - {4 - (8 - $\overline{6 + 3}$)}]

⇒ 20 - [7 - {4 - (8 - 9)}]

⇒ 20 - [7 - {4 - (- 1)}]

⇒ 20 - [7 - {4 + 1}]

⇒ 20 - [7 - 5]

⇒ 20 - 2

⇒ 18

∴ The required answer is 18.

Given:

Principal and Rate of interest is same for both the cases.

Rate of interest = 12% p.a.

Case 1: Duration of investment (T₁) = 11 years

Case 2: Duration of investment (T₂) = 4$\frac{3}{4}$ years

Total amount after T2 time

⇒ SI on Case 1 + Rs. 2175

Concept used:

SI = (P × T × R)/100

Amount = P + SI

Here, P = Principal, T = Time (in years), R = Rate of interest

Calculation:

Let the sum be Rs. P 

According to the question,

{P + P × (19/4) × (12/100)} - P × 11 × (12/100) = 2175

⇒ P + 57P/100 - 132P/100 = 2175

⇒ (100P + 57P - 132P)/100 = 2175

⇒ 25P/100 = 2175

⇒ P/4 = 2175

⇒ P = 2175 × 4 = 8700

So, the sum is Rs. 8700

∴ The sum (in Rs.) is 8700.

Given:

P and Q can finish a work in 21 days.

After 12 days of working together, Q left.

P finished remaining work in 15 days.

Concept used:

Total work = Efficiency of the workers × time taken by them

Calculation:

Let the efficiency of P and Q be p and q

According to the question,

21(p + q) = 12(p + q) + 15p

⇒ 21p + 21q = 12p + 12q + 15p

⇒ 21q - 12q = 27p - 21p

⇒ 9q = 6p

⇒ 3q = 2p

⇒ q/p = 2/3

So, p : q = 3 : 2

Let the efficiency of P and Q be 3x and 2x

Now,

Total work = 21 × (3x + 2x)

⇒ 21 × 5x = 105x

Required time taken by P = 105x/3x

⇒ 35 days

∴ P alone can finish the work in 35 days.

Concept used:

Calculation:

 $\frac{5}{14}$ ÷ $5\frac{3}{7}$ of $\frac{7}{19}$ - $\left( {\frac{3}{4} - \frac{4}{7}} \right)$

⇒  $\frac{5}{14}$ ÷ $5\frac{3}{7}$ of $\frac{7}{19}$ - $\left( {\frac{21,-,16}{28}} \right)$

⇒  $\frac{5}{14}$ ÷ $5\frac{3}{7}$ of $\frac{7}{19}$ - $\frac{5}{28}$

⇒  $\frac{5}{14}$ ÷ $\frac{38}{7}$ of $\frac{7}{19}$ - $\frac{5}{28}$

⇒  $\frac{5}{14}$ ÷ 2 - $\frac{5}{28}$

⇒  $\frac{5}{14}$ × $\frac{1}{2}$ -  $\frac{5}{28}$

⇒  $\frac{5}{28}$ -  $\frac{5}{28}$

⇒ 0

∴ The required answer is 0.

Given:

Tank diameter (D) = 80 cm

Tank height (h) = 5.6 m

Cost rate of painting = Rs. 20/m2

Concept used:

Radius (r) = Diameter/2

CSA (Curved surface area) = 2πrh

Where, r = radius, and h = height

Calculation:

⇒ 80 cm = 0.8 m   [As 1 m = 100 cm]

Tank radius (r) = 0.8/2 = 0.4 m

Curved surface area = 2 × $\frac{22}{7}$ × 0.4 × 5.6

⇒ 14.08 m²

Required cost = 14.08 × 20 = Rs. 281.60

∴ The total cost (in Rs.) of painting is 281.60.

Shortcut Trick

Net deviation in average height must be zero.

Increase in height for 20 boys = 20 × 0.15 = 3.0 m.

This 3.0 m was contributed by the 3 boys who left.

Total height of 3 boys if they were at the average = 3 × 1.2 = 3.6 m.

Actual total height of 3 boys = 3.6 − 3.0 = 0.6 m.

Average height of 3 boys = 0.6 ÷ 3 = 0.2 m.

∴ The correct answer is 0.2 m.

Alternate Method

Given: Initial average height of 23 boys = 1.2 m, Number of boys leaving = 3, Increase in average = 0.15 m.

Formula Used: Total Height = Average Height × Number of Boys

⇒ Total height of 23 boys = 23 × 1.2 = 27.6 m

⇒ Remaining number of boys = 23 − 3 = 20

⇒ New average height = 1.2 + 0.15 = 1.35 m

⇒ Total height of 20 boys = 20 × 1.35 = 27.0 m

⇒ Sum of height of 3 boys who left = 27.6 − 27.0 = 0.6 m

⇒ Average height of 3 boys = 0.6 ÷ 3 = 0.2 m

∴ The correct answer is 0.2 m.

Additional Information

Average Definition

The average or mean is calculated by dividing the sum of all observations by the total number of observations. Average = Sum ÷ Number.

Effect of Leaving/Joining

If the average increases after some members leave, it means the leaving members had an average height lower than the original group average.

Weighted Average Formula

Combined Average = (n₁ × A₁ + n₂ × A₂) ÷ (n₁ + n₂), where n is the count and A is the average of respective groups.

Formula used:

% Change = (New - Initial)/Initial × 100

Calculation:

1/3rd of 90 = 90 × (1/3)

⇒ 30

3/8th of 160 = 160 × (3/8)

⇒ 60

Difference = New - Initial

⇒ 60 - 30 = 30

Required % = (30/60) × 100

⇒ 50%

∴ The required answer is 50%.

Given:

Rate of leveling = Rs.  6.50 per m2

Cost of leveling a circular park = Rs. 36,036 

Rate of fencing = Rs. 18 per m 

Concept used:

Area of a circle = πR²

Perimeter of a circle = 2πR

Where, R = Radius of the circle 

Calculation:

Let the radius of the circular park be R

According to the question,

⇒ $\frac{22}{7}$ × R² × 6.5 = 36036

⇒ R2 = 5544 × $\frac{7}{22}$

⇒ R2 = 1764

⇒ R = 42 m

Now,

Required cost

⇒ Perimeter of the circular park × Rate of fencing 

⇒ 2 × $\frac{22}{7}$ × 42 × 18

⇒ 2 × 22 × 6 × 18

⇒ 4752   (in Rs.) 

∴ The cost (in Rs.) of putting a fence around is 4752.

Given:

Principal and interest rate is same for both two cases of SI.

In 4 years, amount (A₁) = Rs. 9900 

In 7 years, amount (A₂) = Rs. 11700 

Amount of same principal at 9$\frac{2}{3}$% for 2$\frac{1}{4}$ years at SI

Formula used:

Simple interest (SI) = P × R × T/100

Total amount = Principal + Simple interest

Calculation:

Amount of 4 year = P (1 + 4R/100)

Amount of 7 year = P (1 + 7R/100)

P (1 + 4R/100) = 9900

⇒ P + 4PR/100 = 9900     ----(1)

P (1 + 7R/100) = 11700   

⇒ P + 7PR/100 = 11700     ----(2)

Subtracting equation (1) from equation (2),

⇒ 3PR/100 = 1800

⇒ PR/100 = 600

Substituting the value of PR/100 in equation (1),

⇒ P + 4 × 600 = 9900

⇒ P = 9900 – 2400 = 7500

So, Principal = Rs. 7500

Total amount

⇒ 7500 + 7500 × $\frac{9}{4}$ × $\frac{29}{300}$

⇒ 7500 + 1631.25 = Rs. 9131.25

∴ The amount is Rs. 9131.25.

Given:

Principal Rs. 1,800

SI = Rs. 360

Time = 3 years 4 months

Formula used:

S.I = (P × T × R)/100

Here, P = Principal, T = Time (in years), R = Rate of interest

Calculation:

3 years and 4 months = (3 + 4/12) years = $3\frac{1}{3}$years

Let the rate of interest be R

According to the question,

⇒ 360 = (1800 × $3\frac{1}{3}$ × R)/100         

⇒ 360 = (1800 × 10/3 × R)/100

⇒ 360 = 6000R/100

⇒ 360 = 60R

⇒ R = 360/60 = 6

So, Rate of interest = 6%

∴ The rate of interest per annum is 6%.

Given:

a : b = 5 : 8

(a - 5) : (b + 3) = 8 : 15

Calculation:

Let the common factor be m.

So, the numbers are 5m and 8m.

According to the question,

⇒ (5m - 5)/(8m + 3) = 8/15 

⇒ 75m - 75 = 64m + 24 

⇒ 75m - 64m  = 24 + 75

⇒ 11m = 99 

⇒ m = 9 

So, the numbers are 5 × 9 = 45, and 8 × 9 = 72

Difference = 72 - 45 = 27

∴ The difference between the two original numbers is 27.

Shortcut Trick

Find the LCM of the given numbers 21, 35, and 56, which is 840.

The smallest five-digit number is 10000.

Divide 10000 by 840 to find the remainder: 10000 ÷ 840 ⇒ Remainder = 760.

The least multiple of 840 above 10000 is 10000 + (840 − 760) = 10080.

∴ The correct answer is 10080.

Alternate Method

Given: Divisors = 21, 35, and 56. Target = Least five-digit number.

Formula Used: Required number = Smallest n-digit number + (LCM − Remainder of Smallest n-digit number / LCM).

⇒ Prime factorization of 21 = 3 × 7

⇒ Prime factorization of 35 = 5 × 7

⇒ Prime factorization of 56 = 2 × 2 × 2 × 7 = 2³ × 7

⇒ LCM = 2³ × 3 × 5 × 7 = 8 × 3 × 5 × 7 = 840

⇒ Smallest five-digit number = 10000

⇒ 10000 ÷ 840 ⇒ Quotient = 11, Remainder = 760

⇒ Required number = 10000 + (840 − 760)

⇒ Required number = 10000 + 80 = 10080

∴ The correct answer is 10080.

Additional Information

Least Common Multiple (LCM)

The smallest positive integer that is divisible by each of the given numbers. It is found by taking the highest power of all prime factors involved.

Greatest n-digit Number Divisible by X

To find the greatest n-digit number divisible by a set of numbers, divide the largest n-digit number (e.g., 99999) by their LCM and subtract the remainder.

Divisibility Rule for 8

A number is divisible by 8 if its last three digits are divisible by 8. For 10080, 080 is divisible by 8.

Given:

First number = 20% less than third number

Second number = 30% less than third number

Calculation:

Let the third number be 100a

So, the 1st number = 100a - 100a × 20% = 80a

And 2nd number = 100a - 100a × 20% = 70a

Required %

⇒ Second number/First number × 100

⇒ (70a/80a) × 100 =  87.5%

∴ Required answer is 87.5%.

Additional Information

1/8 = 12.5%

Now,

⇒ (70a/80a) × 100

⇒ 7/8 × 100

⇒ 1/8 × 7

⇒ 12.5% × 7 =  87.5%

Given:

Average salary of all the workers = Rs. 9,000

Average salary of 8 workers = Rs. 14,000 

Average salary of rest of the workers = Rs. 5000.

Formula used:

Sum of observation = Average × Number of observation

Calculation:

Let the number of workers be a.

According to the question,

⇒ 9000 × a = 14000 × 8 + 5000(a – 8)

⇒ 9000a = 112000 + 5000a – 40000

⇒ 9000a – 5000a = 112000 – 40000

⇒ 4000a = 72000

⇒ a = 72000/4000

⇒ a = 18 

∴ The total number of employees is 18.

Given:

Discount % = 10% discount on SP

5 kg more rice could be purchased for Rs. 720.

Shortcut Trick

10% of 720 = Rs. 72

Now,

Initial SP (per kg)

⇒ New SP (per kg) × 100/(100 - Discount%)

⇒ 72/5 × 100/(100 - 10)

⇒ 72/5 × 100/90 = Rs. 16

Concept used:

Total quantity = Total price/Price per kg

Calculation:

Let the price of the rice/kg be 10a

So, the reduced price = 10a × 90% = 9a

According to the question,

⇒ $\frac{720}{9a} - \frac{720}{10a} = 5$

⇒ $\frac{80}{a} - \frac{72}{a} = 5$

⇒ $\frac{80-72}{a} = 5$

⇒ $\frac{8}{a} = 5$

⇒ 5a = 8

⇒ a = 8/5 = 1.6

So, SP = 10 × 1.6 = Rs. 16

∴ The selling price of rice per kg is Rs. 16.

Given:

Marked price = Rs. 1200

Discount offered = 10%

Net SP = Rs. 945

Concept used:

Additional Discount %

⇒ [(SP after 1st Discount – Net SP)/(Amount after 1st Discount)] × 100

Calculation:

After 1st discount, SP = 1200 × 90% = Rs. 1080

Additional Discount %

⇒ [(1080 - 945)/1080] × 100

⇒ [135/1080] × 100

⇒ 12.5%

∴ Required answer is 12.5%.

Given:

SP of the article = $\frac{5}{8}$  × its CP

Concept used:

Loss% = (Loss/Cost price) × 100

Calculation:

Let the cost price of the article be 8a

So, SP = $\frac{5}{8}$ × 8a

⇒ 5a

Loss = 8a - 5a

⇒ 3a

Loss % = (3a/8a) × 100

⇒ 37.5

∴ The loss percent is 37.5.

Given:

First number : Second number = 8 : 5

(First number - 17) : (Second number + 25) = 1 : 3

Calculation:

Let the numbers be 8m and 5m

According to the question,

⇒ (8m - 17)/(5m + 25) = 1/3 

⇒ 24m - 51 = 5m + 25

⇒ 19m  = 25 + 51

⇒ 19m = 76

⇒ m = 4 

So, the numbers are 8 × 4 = 32, 5 × 4 = 20

Sum of the numbers = 32 + 20 = 52

∴ The sum of the two numbers is 52.

Given:

A cyclist covers a distance of 17 km in 2 h. 

Concept used:

Speed = Distance/time

Calculation:

Speed of the cyclist = 17/2

⇒ 8.5 km/h

∴ His speed (in km/h) is 8.5.

Given:

A can complete a work in 7$\frac{1}{2}$ days.

B can complete the work in 15 days.

C can complete the work in 30 days.

After 3 days of working with B, A left the job

C joined and finished the remaining work with B

Concept used:

Total work = Efficiency of the workers × Time taken by them

Calculation:

Total work = LCM of 7$\frac{1}{2}$, 15, 30 is 30

Efficiency of A = 30 ÷ 7$\frac{1}{2}$ = 4 units/day

Efficiency of B = 30 ÷ 15 = 2 units/day

Efficiency of C = 30 ÷ 30 = 1 unit/day

Let C and B complete the remaining work in 'm' days.

According to the question,

⇒ (4 + 2) × 3 + (2 + 1) × m = 30

⇒ 6 × 3 + 3m = 30

⇒ 18 + 3m = 30

⇒ 3m = 30 - 18

⇒ 3m = 12

⇒ m = 4

So, C and B complete the remaining work in 4 days.

Total time to complete the work = 3 + 4 = 7 days

∴ The whole work will be completed in 7 days.

Given:

The average speed of train is 120 km/hr

Distance is 720 km

Train stopping for 4 minutes after every 80 km

Formula used:

d = s × t

Where, d = Distance, s = Speed, t = Time

Calculation:

According to the question, 

The time taken by train, t = 720/120 = 6 hr

Number of stops in 720 km = (720/80) - 1

⇒ 9 - 1 = 8

Total time of stopping = 8 × 4 = 32 min

Total time to cover 720 km = 6 hr 32 min

∴ The total time to cover 720 km is 6 hr 32 min.

The correct answer is 'age'.

Key Points   

• Let's take a look at the word 'disorder' which means an upset of health; ailment​.
• Now, let's take a look at the meaning of the given options:
• ages: the period of time that a person, animal, or plant has lived or is expected to live. It is a plural noun.
• Example: It happened ages ago.
• age: the period of time that a person, animal, or plant has lived or is expected to live.
• Example: What age was he when he died?
• life: the period between birth and death.
• Example: The book includes some useful facts about animal and plant life.
• year: the period of time, the calendar year, containing 365 days or in a leap year 366 days.
• Example: The year was 1840.
• Thus, from above, it is clear that the correct answer is option 2.

Correct sentence: It is a disorder that manifests usually in middle age.

The correct answer is 'Ecology'.

Key Points

• Let's take a look at the meaning of the options:
• Anthropology: the study of human societies and cultures and their development.
• Ecology: the branch of biology that deals with the relations of organisms to one another and to their physical surroundings.
• Gerontology: the scientific study of old age, the process of aging, and the particular problems of old people.
• Morphology: the study of the forms of things.
• Thus, from above, we can conclude that the one word which can substitute the given phrase is 'Ecology'.
• Therefore, the correct answer is option 2.

The correct answer is 'Mend'.

Key Points  

• Let's take a look at the given word and the marked option:
• Damage: physical harm caused to something in such a way as to impair its value, usefulness, or normal function.
• Example*:* He maliciously damaged a car with a baseball bat.
• Mend: repair (something that is broken or damaged).
• Example: They took a long time to mend the roof.
• Thus from above, we can say that the correct answer is option 4.

Additional Information  

• Hurt: cause physical pain or injury to.
• Ruin: the physical destruction or disintegration of something or the state of disintegrating or being destroyed.
• Harm: physical injury, especially that which is deliberately inflicted.

The correct answer is 'Magnificant', i.e. it is the incorrectly spelt word.

Key Points  

• Let's take a look at the options:
• Magnificant: There is no such word in the dictionary, the correct spelling is 'Magnificent' which means impressively beautiful, elaborate, or extravagant; striking.
• Gregarious: (of a person) fond of company; sociable.
• Commitment: the state or quality of being dedicated to a cause, activity, etc.
• Persuasion: the action or fact of persuading someone or of being persuaded to do or believe something.
• Thus, the correct answer is option 1, i.e. it is the incorrectly spelt word.

The correct answer is 'charge'.

Key Points 

• Let's take a look at meaning of the given options:
• charge: entrust (someone) with a task as a duty or responsibility.
• Example: I have been given charge of this class.
• care: to have regard, affection, or consideration.
• Example: He cares more for his hobby than his job
• duty: work that you have to do for your job.
• Example: Staff must report for duty at their normal place of work.
• responsibility: the ability or authority to act or decide on one's own, without supervision
• Example: She had decided that as a doctor she had a responsibility to her fellow creatures.
• Thus, from above, it is clear that the correct answer is option 1.

Correct sentence:He was in charge of the costumes for the play.

The correct answer is 'Delight'.

Key Points 

• Let's take a look at the given word and the marked option:
• Mirth: joyfulness, gaiety, or merriment, esp. when characterized by laughter
• Example*:* It was at this point I rolled off the sofa with helpless mirth.
• Delight:  a high degree of gratification or pleasure : joy
• Example: She laughed with delight as she opened the present.
• Thus from above, we can say that the correct answer is option 1.

Additional Information 

• Joint: a point at which parts of an artificial structure are joined.
  
• Scene: the place where an incident in real life or fiction occurs or occurred.
• View: the ability to see something or to be seen from a particular place.

The correct answer is 'Knowledge'.

Key Points  

• Let's take a look at the given word and the marked option:
• Ignorance: lack of knowledge or information.
• Example*:* We can no longer claim ignorance of the effects of plastic use.
• Knowledge: facts, information, and skills acquired by a person through experience or education; the theoretical or practical understanding of a subject.
• Example: A surgeon, for example, would need to show that he or she had the right technical skills rather than simply demonstrate abstract knowledge.
• Thus from above, we can say that the correct answer is option 1.

Additional Information  

• Truth: the quality or state of being true.
• Innocence: the state, quality, or fact of being innocent of a crime or offense.
• Virtue: behavior showing high moral standards.

The correct answer is 'purpose'.

Key Points  

• Let's take a look at the word 'important' which means of great significance or value.
• Now, let's take a look at the meaning of the given options:
• scheme: a systematic plan for a course of action.
• Example: The company was pouring around $30 million into the scheme.
• purpose: the reason for which anything is done, created, or exists.
• Example: The purpose of the occasion was to raise money for medical supplies.
• means: the medium, method, or instrument used to obtain a result or achieve an end
• Example: The move is a means to fight crime.
• image: a representation or likeness of a person or thing, esp in sculpture
• Example: The image of art theft as a gentleman's crime is outdated.
• The sentence is talkling about the significant reason for education.
• Thus, from above, it is clear that the correct answer is option 2.

Correct sentence: An important purpose of education is to develop character.

The correct answer is 'Wholesaler'.

Key Points 

• Let's take a look at the meaning of the options:
• Wholesaler:  An individual who  buy or sell goods in relatively large quantities or in bulk.
• Merchant: a business or an individual that sells directly to the public either from a store or through the internet.
• Supplier: a person or organization that provides something needed such as a product or service.
• Dealer:  a person who trades in something.
• Thus, from above, we can conclude that the one word which can substitute the given phrase is 'Wholesaler'.
• Therefore, the correct answer is option 1.

The correct answer is 'belong'.

Key Points  

• The error lies incorrect usage of 'are'.
• Let's take a look at the sentence, the sentence is giving an information or fact about Leopards and cats. It isn't stating any action.
• Simple Present tense: It is used to describe something that happens regularly in the present or something that is always true.
• Structure: 
• Subject+ the first form of verb
• Example:
• I play football every weekend.
• The human body contains 206 bones.
• Thus, 'belong' will be used in place of 'are belong'.
  

Correct sentence:  Leopards and cats belong to the same family of animals. 

Additional Information

• Linking verb:  A linking verb is a verb “that serves as a connecting link or establishes an identity between subject and complement.