SSC GD Constable Previous Year Paper (Held on: 26th November 2021 Shift 1)

Given:

Six friends sitting around a circle facing the centre: Prerna, Priyanka, Rahul, Vishal, Tushar and Shruti

1. Vishal is sitting to the immediate left of Rahul.

2. Prerna is second to the right of Vishal.

3. Prerna is sitting between Rahul and Shruti.

4. Priyanka is sitting to the immediate left of Tushar.

Thus, “Rahul” is sitting between Prerna and Vishal.

Hence, the correct answer is "Rahul".

Preparing the family tree using the following symbols,

Given:

1. Nimesh is the only brother of Meghna.

2. Surbhi is the daughter of Nimesh.

3. Meghna and Neha are sisters.

4. Mani is the son of Karan, who is the husband of Meghna.

• Here Karan is the husband of Meghna.

Thus, Mani is the "Cousin brother" of the Surbhi.

Hence, "Cousin brother" is the correct answer.

The pattern followed here is:

 

Hence, '11' is the correct answer.

Mistake Points

• 9 is not a prime number.

Important Points

• A prime number is an integer, or whole number, that has only two factors — 1 and itself.
• Put another way, a prime number can be divided evenly only by 1 and by itself.
• Prime numbers also must be greater than 1.
• For example, 3 is a prime number, because 3 cannot be divided evenly by any number except for 1 and 3.

The image obtained when the paper is unfolded is,

Hence, option 4 is the correct answer.

The pattern followed here is:

 

Hence, '65536' is the correct answer.

Let the number of soaps and pens be x and y.

Given:

A soap costs ₹7 and a pen costs ₹5. Rajesh spent ₹38 and purchased both the things.

=> 7x + 5y = 38

=> 5y = 38 - 7x

=> y = (38 − 7x) ÷ 5

“y” should be whole number only when (38 - 7x) is divisible by 5.

This happens when x = 4

Hence, the number of soaps he purchased is “4”

Table show alphabet serial number –

The pattern followed is,

Hence, “JQG” is the complete series.

Statements:

Some kites are flights.

All flights are zeppelins.

The least possible diagram for the given statements is as follows

Conclusions:

1. Some kites are zeppelins → True (because some kites are flights and all flights are Zeppelins so some kites are also Zeppelins)
2. All zeppelins are flights → False (because the statement given all flights are zeppelins so some zeppelins are also flights but all zeppelins are flights not possible)

Hence, “Only conclusion 1 follows".

The opposite surface of the open dice can be found by the below method:-

• Alternate surfaces are opposite to each other.
• No two opposite surfaces are touched by side or by corners

So, by using the above rule we can find the opposite surface of open dice.

Below are the opposite surfaces:-

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Hence, ‘

’ is the opposite face of the face

.

Given: s _ r _ k s _ _ c k _ u r c _ s u _ c _

By checking options and substituting accordingly.

1)  c, u, c, r, s, k, r, k → s c r u k / s c r c k / s u r c k / s u r c k

2)  u, c, u, r, s, k, r, k → s u r c k / s u r c k / s u r c k / s u r c k

Here "s u r c k" is repeating itself.

3)  c, u, c, s, r, k, s, k → s c r u k / s c s c k / r u r c k / s u s c k

4)  u, c, u, k, r, s, r, k → s u r c k / s u k c k / r u r c s / s u r c k

• Option (2) gives a pattern of s c r u k / s c r c k / s u r c k / s u r c k**.**

Hence, ‘u, c, u, r, s, k, r, k’ is the correct answer.

Eight friends sitting around a circle facing the centre: 

1. Arush is sitting opposite to Rita.

2. Ankita is sitting towards the right of Arush and opposite to Urvashi.

3. Ankita is sitting between Rohan and Rakesh.

4. There are two persons sitting between Rakesh and Arush.

5. Anu is sitting between Rita and Urvashi.

6. Aman is sitting towards the left of Rohan.

Thus, “Aman” is sitting between Arush and Urvashi.

Hence, the correct answer is "Aman".

The correct mirror image of the given figure when the mirror is held at the right side is:

Detailed Explanation:

• The line PQ is the mirror
• The given word “G R 8 Z E Q" ends with ‘’Q". So the mirror image will start with “

" → Options 1, 2 and 3 are eliminated.

Hence, "option (4)" is the correct answer

The table is alphabets place value:

The pattern followed here is:

TAPE is written as EPAT

And

LOVE is written as EVOL

Similarly,

'NITIN' = ?

Hence, 'NITIN' is coded as "NITIN".

The pattern followed here is,

Let (1^st number : 2^nd number)

Sum of digits of 1^st number = Sum of digits of 2^nd number.

Now follow the steps:

132 : 501

=> 1 + 3 + 2 = 5 + 0 + 1

=> 6 = 6

Similarly,

2364 : ?

=> digit sum = 2 + 3 + 6 + 4 = 15

Check option all options

Option (1): 5073 → 5 + 0 + 7 + 3 = 15 

Option (2): 4582 → 4 + 5 + 8 + 2 = 19 

Option (3): 9430 → 9 + 4 + 3 + 0 = 16 

Option (4): 3474 → 3 + 4 + 7 + 4 = 18 

Hence, "5073" is correct answer.

The figure that will replace the question mark (?) in the following figure series is shown below:

1. First position figure shifted to the last position.

2. Second position figure shifted to the first position.

3. Third position figure shifted to the second position.

Final series is:

Hence, ‘option 3’ is the correct answer.

The table is alphabets place value:

The pattern followed here is:

A → Place value of A is "1" → 1 is a perfect square of 1.

D → Place value of D is "4" → 4 is a perfect square of 2.

I → Place value of I is "9" → 9 is a perfect square of 3.

P → Place value of P is "16" → 16 is a perfect square of 4.

R → Place value of R is "18" → 18 is not a perfect square of any number.

Hence, "R" is the letter that is different.

The table is alphabets place value:

The pattern followed here is:

TRICKY is written as CXLFQH

Similarly,

PICNIC is written as

Hence, 'PICNIC' is coded as "YOFQOL".

Note;- Rotation is allow in this image

The embedded part of this image is:

Hence, option (3) is the correct answer.

Given:

426 ÷ 648 – 312 

After the signs ‘÷’ and ‘−’ are interchanged and the digits ‘2’ and ‘4’ are interchanged

= 246 - 628 ÷ 314

= 246 - 2

= 244

Hence, “244” is the correct answer.

The logic followed here is:

Leaves : Chlorophyll → Chlorophyll is a Substance that gives leaves their green color, and it helps plants create their own food through photosynthesis.

Similarly,

Blood : Haemoglobin → Hemoglobin is a substance in red blood cells that makes it possible for blood to transport (carry) oxygen throughout the body**.**

Hence, ‘Haemoglobin’ is the correct answer.

The table is alphabets place value:

The pattern followed here is:

CGRT : DJWA

Similarly,

XUKM : ?

​

Hence, 'XUKM' is coded as "YXPT".

According to the given information

 

‘light’ is coded as chi.

Hence, 'chi’ is the correct answer.

The shaded part represents 'leather bags which are strong but NOT red coloured.'

 

The letter represents leather bags which are strong but NOT red coloured is M.

Hence, ‘M’ is the correct answer.

The logic followed here is :-

In a column, √ (Second number + Last number) = First number.

Column 1) : 

=  √ (42 + 39) 

=  √81

= 9

Column 2) :

=  √ (98 + 46) 

=  √ 144

= 12

Column 3) :

√ (? + 80) = 13

⇒  ? + 80 = 169

⇒ ? = 89 

Hence, the correct answer is "89".

The logical and meaningful order of the given words is as follows:

• LOGIC: The words have been arranged according to the stage of nitrogen cycle in plants.

iii. Nitrogen fixation → It is the initial step of the nitrogen cycle. Here, Atmospheric nitrogen (N₂) which is primarily available in an inert form, is converted into the usable form -ammonia (NH₃).

v. Nitrification → In this process, the ammonia is converted into nitrate by the presence of bacteria in the soil.

iv. Assimilation → Plants take in the nitrogen compounds from the soil with the help of their roots.

i. Ammonification → When plants or animals die, the nitrogen present in the organic matter is released back into the soil.

ii. Denitrification → Denitrification is the process in which the nitrogen compounds make their way back into the atmosphere by converting nitrate (NO₃-)  into gaseous nitrogen (N).

• Nitrogen fixation → Nitrification → Assimilation → Ammonification → Denitrification.

Hence, "iii, v, iv, i, ii" is the correct answer.

The correct answer is Unicameral Legislature.

Key Points

• Characteristics of a Federal government
• Supremacy of the Constitution: A federation is an agreement between two or more states to create a new state in which each will exercise specific powers. the constitution is the shape of the agreement. Neither the Central nor the State government can go against the Constitution.
• Division of Powers: There should be a clear division of powers so that the State and the Central Government are required to enact and legislate within their authority and none violates the limits of the other. Power in the matter of local importance is given to the state and national importance is given to the centre.
• Independent Judiciary: Constitution is the law and to keep the federation intact constitution must remain inviolable. For this reason, The judiciary is set up to ensure that disputes between centre and state can be adjudicated in light of the constitution. The judiciary must be independent and act as a custodian of the constitution.
• Rigid Constitution: The constitution must be rigid so that it is hard to amend and the constitution remains sacred.
• Written Constitution: A federation must have a written constitution as it is an agreement between the states and centre. As there should not be doubt about the functions between the power of the centre and state. Without a written constitution dispute will occur.
• Hence Unicameral Legislature is not a characteristic of the federal government.

Additional Information 

• The Indian Constitution is the longest written constitution in the world.
• The Indian Constitution is Quasi Federal in Nature comprising of features of both federal and unitary government.
• The USA is the first country to make the constitution.
• The United Kingdom has an unwritten constitution.

The correct answer is Bardoli Satyagraha.

Key Points

• Bardoli Satyagraha was led by Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel.
• The Bardoli Satyagraha was a major episode of civil disobedience and the Indian Independence Movement.
• It took place in Gujarat in February 1928.
• The Satyagraha was organised by Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel.
• He led the movement in Bardoli, a taluka in Gujarat against the enhancement of land revenue.
• The success of the movement made Patel one of the most influential leaders in the independence movement.
• The struggle was widely publicised and generated immense sympathy in many parts of India.

Additional Information

• The Salt March, also known as the Salt Satyagraha, Dandi March and the Dandi Satyagraha, was an act of nonviolent civil disobedience in colonial India led by Mahatma Gandhi.
• Chittagong armoury raid, also known as the Chittagong uprising, was an attempt on 18 April 1930 to raid the armoury of police and auxiliary forces from the Chittagong armoury in the Bengal Presidency of British India by armed Indian independence fighters led by Surya Sen.
• The Kakori Train Robbery was a train robbery that took place at Kakori, a village near Lucknow, on 9 August 1925, during the Indian Independence Movement against the British Raj.
• It was organised by Hindustan Republican Association.

The correct answer is Gross National Product.

Key Points

• Gross National Product is also called Gross National Income.
• It includes both domestic and foreign output claimed by the residents of the country.
• Gross National Product is calculated by:-
• GDP +  income earned by residents from overseas investment - income earned within the domestic economy by overseas residents.
• It can also be defined as the measure of the monetary value of the final goods and services.

Additional Information

• GDP is the final value of all the goods and services produced in a country in a given year.
• Nominal gross domestic product is the gross domestic product (GDP) evaluated at current market prices.
• Real GDP, on the other hand, is calculated by taking a base year as a determinant.
• Real GDP adjusts for price changes due to inflation/deflation.
• The main difference between nominal GDP and real GDP is the adjustment for inflation.

The correct answer is Investment banking.

Key Points

• Investment banking is a specialized segment of banking operations that helps individuals or organizations to raise capital and provide financial advisory services to them.
• They act as intermediaries between security issuers and investors and help new firms to go public.
• Investment bank are institutions that serve as intermediaries for a variety of purposes.
• Their activities usually vary from one institution to another.  Investment banking clients are normally governments and other financial institutions as well as institutional clients such as hedge funds, pension funds, and large companies.

Additional Information

• A commercial bank is a financial institution that provides services like loans, certificates of deposits, savings bank accounts bank overdrafts, etc. to its customers.
• These institutions make money by lending loans to individuals and earning interest on loans.
• Corporate finance refers to activities and transactions related to raising capital to create, develop and acquire a business.
• Private equity describes investment partnerships that buy and manage companies before selling them.

The correct answer is Vaikom Muhammad Bashir.

Key Points

• Vaikom Muhammad Basheer was a writer of Malayalam literature.
• He is also known as Bepur Sultan.
• He was a writer, humanist, freedom fighter, novelist and short story writer, noted for his path-breaking, down-to-earth style of writing that made him equally popular among literary critics as well as the common man.

Additional Information

• Sankaran Kutty Kunjiraman Pottekkatt was an Indian writer of Malayalam literature and a politician from Kerala, India.
• Perumbadavam Sreedharan is a Malayalam author from Kerala, India.
• He is former Chairman of Kerala Sahithya Academy.
• Madath Thekkepaattu Vasudevan Nair, popularly known as MT, is an Indian author, screenplay writer and film director.

The correct answer is Sarbpreet Singh.

Key Points 

• Sarbpreet Singh is the author of the book ‘Night of the Restless Spirits: Stories from 1984.
• Sarbpreet Singh is a writer, Podcaster and Commentator.
• He is also the author of the critically acclaimed Night of the Restless Spirits and the bestselling The Camel Merchant of Philadelphia, and the writer-narrator of the Story of The Sikh's podcast which has listeners in over ninety countries.

Additional Information

• Night of the Restless Spirits: Stories from 1984
• These are many other stories from this heart-rending collection that evokes the horrors and uncertainties of 1984, through the tales of ordinary people caught in something bigger than themselves.
• The author Sarbpreet Singh recounts the Sikh massacre of 1984 in this book.
• The book is a fictionalized version of real happenings comprising just eight Chapters.
• It shows the events of 1984 through the prism of many lives & impact on Sikhs.
• The book is published by Penguin Publication.

The correct answer is Mizoram.

Key Points

• Murlen National Park is located in the Champhai district close to Chin hills, near the Myanmar border in Mizoram.
• It was declared National Park in 1991.
• Mizoram is one of the states of Northeast India.
• The state capital is Aizawl.
• The name is derived from Mi (people), Zo (lofty place, such as a hill), and Ram (land), and thus Mizoram implies "Land of the hill people".

Additional Information

The correct answer is India League.

Key Points

• Indian League-
• Sisir Kumar Ghosh was a noted Indian journalist
• He was the founder of the Amrita Bazar Patrika, a noted Bengali language newspaper in 1868.
• He was a freedom fighter from Bengal.
• He started the India League in 1875 with the object of stimulating the sense of nationalism amongst the people.

Confusion Points 

• Indian League-​
• The India League was an England-based organisation.
• It has been described as the principal organisation promoting Indian nationalism in pre-war Britain.
• The League was established in 1928 by Krishna Menon.
• The aim is to get full independence and self-governance of India.

Additional Information

• Arya Samaj-
• ​Arya Samaj is a monotheistic Indian Hindu reform movement
• The goal of the organisation was to promote values and practices based on the belief in the infallible authority of the Vedas.
• It was revived by the Swami Dayanand Saraswati on 7 April 1875.
• Arya Samaj was the first Hindu organization to introduce proselytization in Hinduism.
• The Indian Association of Calcutta - 
• Also known as Indian National Association, established in 1876.
• It was led by Surendranath Banerjea and Ananda Mohan Bose.
• It aimed to promote by every legitimate means the political, intellectual, and material advancement of people.
• It later merged with the Indian National Congress in 1886.

The correct answer is The Constitution (Seventyth Amendment) Act, 1992.

Key Points

• By 70th Constitutional Amendment, the Legislative Assemblies of the National Capital Territory of Delhi and the Union Territory of Puducherry were added to the electoral college for the Presidential election.
• The Constitution (Seventieth Amendment) Act, 1992
• Before the Constitution 70th amendment Act, 1992:
• Article 54 relating to the election of the President provided for an electoral college consisting only of the elected members of Parliament and the legislative assemblies of the States (not of Union Territories).
• This amendment provides for the inclusion of members of the legislature of Pondicherry and Delhi.
• So, in the 1992 election of President of India, the members of Union Territories participated for the first time.

Additional Information

• Article 368 that gives the power of amendment is enshrined in Part XX of the Indian Constitution.
• Part XX has only one article i.e. Art 368 that deals with the amendment of the constitution.
• As per Art 368Parliament may add, amend, or repeal any provision of the constitution as per the procedure laid down for this purpose except the one that comes under the basic structure of the constitution.

The correct answer is Tigers.

Key Points

• In 2010, the world's 13 tiger range countries made a landmark commitment to double the number of wild tigers by 2022.
• TX2 stands for 'Tigers times two', signaling the goal to double wild tigers.
• From a population of perhaps 100,000 a century ago, wild tiger numbers hit an all-time low of as few as 3,200 in 2010.
• That same year, all 13 tiger range governments came together for the first time at the St Petersburg Summit where they committed to double the number of wild tigers by 2022, the next Chinese Year of the Tiger.
• WWF played a critical role in creating a shared vision for tiger conservation by committing to the same goal.

Additional Information

• TX2 award:
• Pilibhit Tiger Reserve has won the inaugural TX2 Award, presented by CATS, Global Tiger Forum, IUCN, UNDP, The Lion’s Share, and WWF, for its remarkable contribution to tiger conservation.  Hence statement 2 is correct.
• The awards celebrate the 10-year anniversary of all 13 Tiger Range Countries committing to double the global population of wild tigers by 2022 - a goal known as TX2.

The correct answer is 1854.

Key Points

• The first cotton textile mill in Bombay was established in 1854.
• It grew as an important port for the export of raw cotton from India to England and China.
• This cotton crop became a huge demand and farmers started investing in it.
• Cotton turned the market upside down.
• A huge number of labours started working in mills.
• By 1921, there were 85 cotton mills with about 146,000 workers.
• The first cotton mill was established in Tardeo, which is Mumbai and was named the Bombay Textile Mills in the year 1854.
• The mill was established by Cowasji Nanabhai Davar who was a local resident and industrialist.

Additional Information

• Manufacture of the first machine-made paper 1870, Calcutta -
• The first machine-made paper mill was built-in 1870 in Bally, near Calcutta.
• This company went into liquidation in 1905.
• The paper is a prerequisite for education and literacy.
• The origin of the modern paper industry dates back to 1816 when a factory near Chennai was set up.
• Setting up of the first Jute mill -1855, Rishra
• The first jute mill was set up near Kolkata in 1855 at Rishra.
• After Partition in 1947, the jute mills remained in India but three-fourth of the jute producing area went to Bangladesh.
• The mill was set up on the riverbank of Hoogly in Kolkata.
• The jute spinning machinery was brought by George Acland from Dundee.

The correct answer is 2nd.

Key Points

• Sports Minister Kiren Rijiju has launched the second edition of Fit India School Week program in Jan 2021.
• To participate in the program the schools have to register themselves on www.fitindia.gov.in/fit-india-school-week.
• The first Fit India School week program was launched in November 2019 and saw participation from over 15 thousand schools across the country.

Additional Information

• Shri Kiren Rijiju, has assumed charge as Minister of Law and Justice in the presence of senior officials of the Ministry.
• Before taking charge as Minister of Law & Justice, Shri Rijiju was Minister of State(I/C) for Youth Affairs and Sports from May 2019 to July 2021 and Minister of State of Minority Affairs from May 2014 to May 2019.
• At the age of 31, he was appointed as a Member of the Khadi and Village Industries Commission, Government of India (2002-04). In 2004 he was elected to the 14th Lok Sabha from West Arunachal Pradesh constituency.

The correct answer is Hyderabad.

Key Points 

• The Charminar is located in Hyderabad, Telangana, India. 
• It was constructed in 1591 by Muhammad Quli Qutb Shah.
• It is a monument and mosque.  Muhammad Quli Qutb Shah built it in 1591 after shifting his capital from Golkonda to the city of Hyderabad.
• It has become a symbol of Hyderabad.
• It is listed as an archaeological and architectural treasure on the official "List of Monuments" prepared by the Archaeological Survey of India.
• It has been officially incorporated as the Emblem of Telangana for the state of Telangana.

Additional Information

• Hyderabad: 
• Hyderabad is the capital city of the Indian state of Telangana and the de jure capital of Andhra Pradesh.
• According to the 2011 Census of India, Hyderabad is the fourth-most populous city in India.
• Hyderabad was integrated into the Indian Union in 1948 and continued as the capital of Hyderabad State (1948–56).
• In 2014, Andhra Pradesh was bifurcated to form Telangana and Hyderabad became the joint capital of the two states with a transitional arrangement scheduled to end in 2024.

The correct answer is Chinnaswamy.

Key Points

• One wall of the Chinnaswamy stadium is dedicated to cricketer Rahul Dravid.
• Rahul Dravid is one of the greatest cricketers that India has produced.
• He is famously known as Mr Dependable for being a steady and reliable batsman.
• He is also known as The Great Wall or The Wall.

Additional Information

• To celebrate his 10,000 Test runs, Karnataka State Cricket Association built a wall with 10,000 bricks in the M Chinnaswamy stadium in Bengaluru, Karnataka.
• It has a metal statue with the inscription of Rahul Dravid playing his trademark cover-drive move.
• The words “Commitment, Consistency, Class” are also seen there.
• The wall is 27 feet high and 15 feet wide.
• This wall was inaugurated by another cricketing legend, Sachin Tendulkar.

The correct answer is Ministry of Textiles.

Key Points

• The Ministry of Textiles has launched a campaign Local for Diwali.
• Textile Minister Smriti Irani has appealed to the people to celebrate Diwali by buying and gifting local textiles and handicraft items to support local weavers and artisans.
• She appealed to people to take a picture of their favourite article like clothing or a handicraft product and tag the person you purchase it from.

Additional Information

• The Ministry of Textiles is an Indian government national agency responsible for the formulation of policy, planning, development, export promotion and regulation of the textile industry in India.
• Office holder: Piyush Goyal (Minister)
• Headquarters: Udyog Bhawan metro station, New Delhi

The correct answer is Meghalaya.

Key Points

• The International Cherry Blossom Festival held in Shillong, Meghalaya concluded recently.
• For the first time, India & South Korea jointly celebrated this festival that witnessed the celebration of unique autumn flowering of Himalayan Cherry Blossoms (scientifically known as the Prunus serrulata).
• The capital, Shillong hosts the only Cherry Blossoms festival in India.
• The festival in Shillong hosts a plethora of events like fitness art, fashion show, rock concerts and much more.

Additional Information

• Meghalaya:(Sept 2024)
• Chief Minister - Conrad K Sangma.
• Governor - C. H. Vijayashankar
• Lok Sabha seats - 2.
• Rajya Sabha seats - 1.

The correct answer is Skin.

Key Points

• Several different types of skin swelling are referred to as eczema.
• Dermatitis is another name for eczema.
• It result in dry, itchy skin and rashes on the hands, feet, elbows, and knees as well as on the face.
• Scratching the skin can make it redden, swell, and become even more itchy.
• It is brought on by a confluence of stress, genetics, environmental stimuli, and immune system activation.

The correct answer is 15.

Key Points

• Indian banks nowadays keep 15 percent of their deposits in the form of cash, this cash is kept to pay depositors who can come to the bank any day to withdraw money.
• Banks in India hold around 15% as cash with themselves and with the RBI.
• This cash deposit is known as 'reserve'.
• This helps to ensure that there is money available to the people even if there are large spendings by the bank.

Additional Information

• Cash Reserve Ratio; It is a specific part of the total deposit that is held as a reserve by the commercial banks and is maintained by the reserve bank of India.
• CRR ensures that the banks do not run out of money.
• CRR in India is decided by the Monitory Policy Committee.
• If the CRR is low the liquidity with banks increases, which in turn goes into investment and lending.
• Higher CRR creates a negative impact on the economy and also lowers the availability of loanable funds.
• Significance of CRR

1. It regulates the money supply and level of inflation.
2. CRR ensures the security of the preserved amount.
3. It also has a major role to play during high inflation.

The correct answer is nervous system.

Key Points

• A neuron is a microscopic structure composed of three major parts, namely, the cell body, dendrites, and axons.
• Dendrites (Dendrons):
• Dendrites are typically shorter, tapering, and highly branched processes that protrude from the cell body.
• They carry nerve impulses to the cell body.
• Axon:
• Axon is a single, usually very long, uniformly thick process.
• Axons carry nerve impulses from the cell body to a synapse.

Additional Information

• Types of neurons-
• Unipolar- cell body with one axon only. Eg embryonic stage
• Bipolar- with one axon and one dendrite. Eg retina of the eye
• Multipolar- with one axon and two or more dendrites. Eg Cerebral cortex

The correct answer is Asphalt.

Key Points

• Asphalt is used for the construction of paved roads.
• Asphaltic concrete or bituminous concrete is a dense graded premixed bituminous mix which is well compacted to form a high-quality pavement surface course.
• It consists of fine aggregate, coarse aggregate, filler material and bitumen in different proportions.

Additional Information

• Petroleum products are materials derived from crude oil as it is processed in oil refineries.
• Unlike petrochemicals, which are a collection of well-defined usually pure organic compounds, petroleum products are complex mixtures.

The correct answer is Cricket.

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Key Points

• Smriti Mandhana is an Indian cricketer.
• She was born in Mumbai, Maharashtra.
• She plays for the Indian women’s national team.
• She is named the best women international cricketer in 2018 by BCCI.
• She was also awarded the Racheal hey hoe flint award for the best female cricketer of the year by ICC in 2018.
• ICC also named her the ODI player of the year in 2018.
• Her full name is Smiriti Srinivas Mandhana.

Additional Information

Important Indian Players:

The correct answer is Madhya Pradesh.

Key Points

• ​Madhya Pradesh becomes the first state to establish the Cow cabinet.
• Aim: To promote the conservation of cows in the state.
• It includes 6 departments, namely
• ​Animal Husbandry
• Forest
• Panchayat and Rural Development
• Home
• Farmer Welfare Department
• Revenue
• Its first meeting was organized on the day of Gopa Asthami on 22nd November 2020 in Cow Sanctuary in Agarmalwa district in Madhya Pradesh.

Additional Information

• Kamdhenu Cow Sanctuary is India's first cow sanctuary situated in the Agar Malwa district.
• It was set up in 2017.
• It was developed by the MP Gau Samvardhan Board.
• It is home to 4000 cows.
• It is spread over 472 hectares of land.

The correct answer is Chenab.

Key Points

• Chenab River originates from Baralacha Pass in Himachal Pradesh.
• The Chenab river flows in a north-west direction parallel to the Pir Panjal ranges and cuts the ranges near Kishtwar.
• It’s the largest tributary of Indus river (In terms of Drain)
• It is also known as Chandrabhaga River.
• It is a major river that flows in India and Pakistan.
• It is one of the 5 major rivers of the Punjab region.
• The Chenab River is one of the five major rivers in the Punjab region, flowing through India and Pakistan.
• It is produced by the confluence of two higher Himalayan headwaters, Chandra and Bhaga, in the Himachal Pradesh region of Lahaul and Spiti.
• Chenab flows through the Jammu region of Jammu and Kashmir, India, and into the Punjab plains of Pakistan, eventually joining the Indus River.

Additional Information

• Satluj river originates from Tibet, crosses the Indo-Tibetan border, and is joined by the Spiti river.
• The river emerges from the mountains at the Bhakra and has a catchment area of about 20,000 sq km. in Himachal Pradesh.
• The river Satluj is the longest of the five river systems of Punjab.
• ​Beas river has a total length of 470 km and is home to the Indus dolphin.
• The river passes through Himachal Pradesh, Punjab, and Pakistan. As per the Indus Water Treaty, the water of the river Beas is allocated to India.
• The river Ravi flows through the Indian states of Punjab, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu and Kashmir, and Rajasthan.
• It also flows through Pakistan. As per the Indus Water Treaty, the water of the river Ravi is allocated to India.
• The Ranjit Sagar Dam is built on the Ravi river.

The correct answer is Manipur.

Key Points

• Sirohi National Park 
• ​It is located in Imphal, Manipur. (Indo-Myanmar border)
• It was established in 1982.
• Siroy Lily also called Shirui Lily or Lilium Macklinae (The state flower of Manipur) is a rare pinkish-white flower found only in the Sirohi Hill range that abounds in this area.

Additional Information

• Important National Park in Northeast State

The correct answer is Preeti Shenoy.

Key Points

• Preeti Shenoy is an Indian author and blogger.
• She is the author of the book ‘The Rule Breakers’.
• She has written many books some of them are "Life is what you made it" and "Magic Mind".

Additional Information

• Satyarth Nayak is an Indian author and screenwriter, known for his bestselling novel The Emperor's Riddles, for authoring the biography of Sridevi and for scripting Sony's historical television epic Porus.
• Bibek Debroy is an Indian economist, serving as the chairman of the Economic Advisory Council to the Prime Minister of India.
• Amitav Ghosh is an Indian writer, best known for his English language historical fiction.
• He won the 54th Jnanpith award in 2018.

Given:

The number is divisible by 28,36 and 45 when 18 is added

Concept used:

LCM method.

LCM is the smallest common multiple of two or more numbers.

Calculation:

LCM (28, 36, 45) = 1260

So, the smallest number divisible = 1260

Now, the required number = 1260 - 18 = 1242

∴ The smallest number is divisible by 28,36 and 45 when 18 is added is 1242.

Given:

The average of 26 numbers = 54.5

The average of the first 15 numbers = 58.6

The average of the last 12 numbers = 52

Concept used:

Total = Average × Number of entities

Calculation:

According to the question,

1st + 2nd + 3rd + .... + 15th = 58.6 × 15

⇒ 1st + 2nd + 3rd + .... + 15th = 879      ....(1)

26th + 25th + 24th + .... + 15th = 52 × 12

⇒ 26th + 25th + 24th + .... + 15th = 624      ....(2)

1st + 2nd + 3rd + .... + 15th + .... + 24th + 25th + 26th = 54.5 × 26

⇒ 1st + 2nd + 3rd + .... + 15th + .... + 24th + 25th + 26th = 1417      ....(3)

Adding equation(1) and  equation(2),

1st + 2nd + 3rd + ... + 15th + 15th + .... + 24th + 25th + 26th = 1503

⇒ 1st + 2nd + 3rd + ... + 15th + 15th + .... + 24th + 25th + 26th = 1503

⇒ (1st + 2nd + 3rd + ... + 15th + .... + 24th + 25th + 26th) + 15th = 1503

⇒ 1417 + 15th = 1503 (From 3)

⇒ 15th = 1503 - 1417

⇒ 15th = 86

Now, the average of the remaining term = (1417 - 86)/(26 - 1)

⇒ 1331/25 = 53.24

Hence, the average of numbers excluding 15th number is 53.24

Alternate Method

The average of 26 numbers is 54.5

 The average of the first 15 numbers is 58.6,  

Which is (58.6 - 54.5) = 4.1 more than the total average,

So, the 1st, 15 numbers contributes (4.1 × 15) = 61.5 more

Similarly,

For the next 12 numbers (54.5 - 52) = 2.5 less than total average,

So, these 12 numbers contribute (2.5 × 12) = 30 less

Now, the 15^th number will be 54.5 + (61.5 - 30) = 86,

The 15^th number take out (86 - 54.5) = 31.5 more than the total

average, the loss of 31.5 will be distributed among the remaining

25 numbers,

So, the average of the remaining numbers is

⇒ 54.5- ( 31.5/25 ) 

⇒ 54.5 - 1.26 = 53.24

Hence, the average of numbers excluding 15th number is 53.24

Given:

Speed of car in first 40 min = 45 km/h

Speed of car in next 60 min = 60 km/h

Speed of car in last 1.5 hours (90 min) = 50 km/h

Concept used:

Average speed = (Total distance covered)/(Total time taken)

Distance = Time × Speed 

Calculation:

Distance covered in the 40 minutes = 45 × 40/60 = 30 km

Distance covered in the 45 minutes = 60 × 45/60 = 45 km

Distance covered in the 1.5 hours = 50 × 1.5 = 75 km

Total distance covered = 30 + 45 + 75 = 150 km

Total time taken = 40/60 + 45/60 + 1.5

⇒ 2/3 + 3/4 + 3/2

⇒ 35/12 hours

Now, the average speed of the car for the whole journey = 150/(35/12)

⇒ 51.428 km/h ≈ 51.4 km/h

∴ The average speed of car for the whole journey is closest to 51.4 km/h.

Given:

Ratio of radius of base of the cylinder to cone = 4 : 3

Ratio of height of cylinder to cone = 1 : 2

Formula used:

Volume of a cylinder = πR2H

Volume of a cone = (π × R2 × H)/3

where R = Radius of the base, H = height

Calculation:

Let the radius of the cylinder and cone be 4k and 3k respectively,

And their heights be h and 2h respectively.

The volume of the cylinder = π × (4k)2 × H = 16πk²H

The volume of the cone = {π × (3k)2 × 2H}/3 = 6πk²H

Now, the ratio of their volumes = 16πk2H : 6πk2H

⇒ 8 : 3

∴ The ratio of their volumes is 8 : 3.

Given:​

\(\left{ \frac{12}{9-6} \right}\) + 8 - $\left( { {16} \over 4} \right)$- (3 - 5 - 4)

Concept used:

Calculation:

\(\left{ \frac{12}{9-6} \right}\) + 8 - $\left( { {16} \over 4} \right)$- (3 - 5 - 4)

⇒ 12/3 + 8 - 4 - (3 - 5 - 4)

⇒ 4 + 8 - 4 + 6

⇒ 14

∴ The required answer is 14.

Shortcut Trick

The given ratio of boys to girls is 5 : 8.

Total parts in the ratio = 5 + 8 = 13.

Since the number of students must be a whole number, the total must be exactly divisible by 13.

Checking the options, only 1690 is perfectly divisible by 13 (1690 ÷ 13 = 130).

∴ The correct answer is 1690 students.

Alternate Method

Given:

Ratio of boys to girls = 5 : 8

Total Students = 13x

Boys (5x)

Girls (8x)

Total number must be a multiple of 13

Calculation:

⇒ Let the number of boys be 5x and the number of girls be 8x, where x is a positive integer.

⇒ Total number of students = 5x + 8x = 13x

⇒ This implies that the total number of students must be a multiple of 13.

⇒ Now, let's check the given options for divisibility by 13:

⇒ 2100 ÷ 13 ≈ 161.53 (Not an integer)

⇒ 1800 ÷ 13 ≈ 138.46 (Not an integer)

⇒ 2700 ÷ 13 ≈ 207.69 (Not an integer)

⇒ 1690 ÷ 13 = 130 (Perfectly divisible)

⇒ Only 1690 satisfies the condition of yielding a whole number of students.

∴ The correct answer is 1690 students.

Additional Information

Divisibility in Ratios

When any discrete quantity (like humans, cars, animals) is divided in the ratio a : b, the total amount must be perfectly divisible by the sum of the ratio parts (a + b). Fractional entities are practically impossible.

Ratio Multiplier

The exact value of any component in a ratio is found by multiplying its ratio part by a common constant multiplier (x). Here, x represents the number of students per unit ratio part.

Given:

Rate of interest = 10%

Installment amount = ₹3,872

Number of installments = 2

Formula used:

Amount = P(1 + R/100)^N

CI = P(1 + R/100)^N - P

Where, P = Principal amount

R = Rate of interest per year, N = Time in years

Calculation:

Let the loan amount be P.

According to the question,

3872(1 + 10/100)¹ + 3872 = P(1 + 10/100)²

⇒ 8131.2 = P × 1.21

⇒ P = 8131.2/1.21

⇒ P = 6720

∴ The loan amount is ₹6720.

Given:

The list price of an article = ₹576.

Discount = 20%

Cost price = ₹480.

Concept used:

Selling price = Marked Price - Marked Price × Discount%

Loss% = ${(Cost\ Price\ -\ Selling\ Price) \over Cost\ Price} × 100\%$

Calculation:

Selling price = 576 - (576 × 20%)

⇒ 576 - 576 × 20/100

⇒ 576 - 115.20

⇒ ₹460.8

Now, loss% = [(480 - 460.8)/480] × 100

⇒ (19.2 × 100)/480

⇒ 1920/480 = 4

∴ The loss percentage is 4%.

Given:

The ratio of three numbers = 3 : 2 : 5

The sum of their squares is 8550. 

Calculation:

Let the numbers be 3k, 2k, and 5k respectively.

Sum of these numbers = 3k + 2k + 5k = 10k

According to the question,

(3k)² + (2k)² + (5k)2 = 8550

⇒ 9k² + 4k² + 25k² = 8550

⇒ 38k² = 8550

⇒ k² = 8550/38

⇒ k² = 225

⇒ k = ±15

⇒ k = +15 (considering the positive value only)

Now, the sum of the numbers = 10 × 15 = 150

∴ The sum of three numbers is 150.

Given:

Efficiency of Ram = (Efficiency of Krish)/2

Time taken by Ram to complete work = 12 days

Concept used:

Efficiency is inversely proportional to the time taken.

Total work = Work done per day × Total time taken

Calculation:

Since Ram is half as efficient as Krish,

The time taken by Krish to complete the work alone = 12/2

⇒ 6 days

Let the total work be 12 units.

Efficiency of Ram = 12/12 = 1 unit

Efficiency of Krish = 12/6 = 2 units

Now, working together, they will complete the work in = 12/(1 + 2)

⇒ 12/3 = 4 days

∴ Ram and Krish together complete the work in 4 days.

Given:

Total votes casted = 82%

Total invalid votes  = 4%

Votes received by the winning candidate = 108240

Winner's vote = 55% of valid votes

Calculation:

Considering the total voters to be 100%.

Percentage of valid votes = 82 - (82 × 4%)

⇒ 82 - 3.28 = 78.72%

Percentage of votes the winning candidate got = 78.72 × 55%

⇒ 43.296%

According to the question,

43.296% votes = 108240

⇒ 1% = 108240/43.296

⇒ 1% = 2500

∴ 100% = 250000

Number of vote casted = 250000 × 82/100

⇒ 205000

∴ The total number of voters who casted their votes is 205000.

Given:

The first 7 odd prime numbers.

3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, and 19

Formula used:

Mean = Sum of observations/Number of observations

Calculation:

The first 7 odd primes are 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, and 19.

Sum (3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 19) = 75

Mean = 75/7

⇒ 10.714 ≈ 10.71

∴ The mean of the first 7 odd prime numbers is 10.71.

Given:

A, B, and C are three numbers.

A is 40% less than B and B is 15% less than C.

C is 50% more than D,

Calculation:

Let D be 100.

C = 100 + 100 × 50%

⇒ 100 + 50 = 150

B = 150 - 150 × 15%

⇒ 150 - 150 × 15/100

⇒ 150 - 22.5 = 127.5

A = 127.5 - 127.5 × 40%

⇒ 127.5 - 51 = 76.5

Now, A will be less than D by = ${{100 - 76.5} \over 100} × 100$

⇒ 23.5%

∴ A will be less than D by 23.5%.

Given:

T = The sum, M = Number of years,

P = Rate of interest

Concept used:

C.I. = Amount - P

Amount = P(1 + R/100)^N

CI = P(1 + R/100)^N - P

Where, P = Principal amount

R = Rate of interest per year

N = Time in years

Calculation:

Compound interest incurred on T for M years at P% per annum

⇒ T(1 + P/100)^M - T

∴ The compound interest is given by T(1 + P/100)M - T.

Shortcut Trick

Ratio of efficiency: C = 100, B = 50, A = 1.5 × 50 = 75.

Efficiency ratio A : B : C = 75 : 50 : 100 = 3 : 2 : 4.

Total work = Combined efficiency × Days = (3 + 2 + 4) × 8 = 72 units.

Time for B = Total work ÷ Efficiency of B = 72 ÷ 2 = 36 days.

∴ The correct answer is 36 days.

Alternate Method

Given: Time taken by (A+B+C) = 8 days. Efficiency relations: A = 150% of B, B = 50% of C.

Formula Used: Total Work = Efficiency × Time; Time = Work ÷ Efficiency.

⇒ Let efficiency of C = 4x

⇒ Efficiency of B = 50% of 4x = 2x

⇒ Efficiency of A = 150% of 2x = 3x

⇒ Combined efficiency (A+B+C) = 3x + 2x + 4x = 9x

⇒ Total Work = 9x × 8 = 72x

⇒ Time for B = 72x ÷ 2x = 36 days

∴ The correct answer is 36 days.

Additional Information

Efficiency and Time Relation

Efficiency is inversely proportional to the time taken to complete a work. If the ratio of efficiencies of two workers is x : y, the ratio of time taken by them is y : x.

Work and Wages

Wages are generally distributed in the ratio of the work done by each person, which is the same as the ratio of their efficiencies if they work for the same duration.

Combined Work Formula

If A can do a work in 'a' days and B in 'b' days, they together do it in (a × b) ÷ (a + b) days.

Shortcut Trick

For half-yearly compounding, the rate becomes 3% (6% ÷ 2) and the time periods become 4 (2 years × 2).

Effective rate for 4 periods of 3% each ≈ 12.55088%.

Compound Interest ≈ 12.55088% of ₹ 8,500.

Interest = 8,500 × 0.1255088 = ₹ 1,066.8248.

∴ The correct answer is ₹1,066.82.

Alternate Method

Given: Principal (P) = ₹ 8,500, Annual Rate = 6%, Time = 2 years, compounded half-yearly.

Formula Used: Amount (A) = P(1 + r/100)ⁿ; Compound Interest (CI) = A − P

⇒ Number of half-yearly periods (n) = 2 × 2 = 4

⇒ Rate per half-year (r) = 6% ÷ 2 = 3%

⇒ A = 8500 × (1 + 3/100)⁴

⇒ A = 8500 × (1.03)⁴

⇒ A = 8500 × 1.12550881

⇒ A = 9566.824885

⇒ CI = 9566.824885 − 8500

⇒ CI = 1066.824885

∴ The correct answer is ₹1,066.82.

Additional Information

Compounding Frequency

If interest is compounded half-yearly, the rate is halved (R/2) and the time is doubled (2T). If quarterly, the rate is divided by 4 and time is multiplied by 4.

Successive Percentage Method

For two periods, the effective rate is x + y + (xy/100). For 3% over two periods, it is 3 + 3 + (3×3)/100 = 6.09%.

CI vs SI for 2 Years

The difference between Compound Interest and Simple Interest for 2 years is given by P(R/100)².

Amount Formula

General formula: A = P(1 + r/n)^nt, where n is the number of times interest is compounded per year.

Given:

Discount on shopping upto Rs.1800 = 15%

Discount on shopping above Rs.1800 = 17.5%

Price of pen = Rs. 8

Price of pencil = Rs. 30 per dozen

Concept used:

Selling price = Marked Price - (Marked Price × Discount%)

Calculation:

Selling price of 225 pen = 225 × 8 = 1800

Selling price of 4 dozen pencils = 30 × 4 = 120

Total selling price = 1800 + 120 = ₹1920

Since the total selling amount exceeded ₹1800, Discount = 17.5%

Final selling price = 1920 - (1920 × 17.5/100)

⇒ 1920 - 336

⇒ 1584

∴ The final amount paid by Abdul is ₹1584.

Given:

[17 + (8 - 5) × 5] + (25 - 48 ÷ 6 + 12 × 2)

Concept used:

Calculation:

[17 + (8 - 5) × 5] + (25 - 48 ÷ 6 + 12 × 2)

⇒ [17 + 3 × 5] + (25 - 8 + 12 × 2)

⇒ [17 + 15] + (25 - 8 + 24)

⇒ 32 + 41

⇒ 73

∴ The required answer is 73.

Given:

Cost price = ₹ 425

Selling price = ₹ 500 

Concept used:

Gain% = ${(Selling\ Price\ -\ Cost\ Price) \over Cost\ Price} × 100\%$

Calculation:

Now, gain% = (500 - 425)/425 × 100

⇒ 75/425 × 100

⇒ 0.17647 × 100

⇒ 17.647% ≈ 17.65%

∴ The gain percentage is closest to 17.65%.

Given:

Articles sold at 15% profit = 5/6 of the total article

Concept used:

Selling Price = Cost Price + (Cost Price  Gain%)

Profit% = ${(Selling\ Price\ -\ Cost\ Price) \over Cost\ Price} × 100\%$

Calculation:

Let the total article be 30, and

Cost price of each article be Rs. 100

So, Total cost price = 30 × 100 = Rs. 3000

Item sold at 15% profit = 30 × 5/6 = 25

Selling price of 25 articles = 25 × (100 + 100 × 15%)

⇒ 25 × 115 = Rs. 2875

Remaining articles = 30 - 25 =  5

Selling price of the remaining articles = 5 × 100 = Rs. 500

Total selling price of all articles = 2875 + 500 = Rs. 3375

Now, gain% = (3375 - 3000)/3000 × 100

⇒ 375/30

⇒ 12.5% = $12 {{1} \over 2}$%

∴ The profit earned by him in the whole transaction is $12 {{1} \over 2}$%.

Given:

2x + 7y : 4x - 3y :: 8 : 3

Concept used:

If A : B :: C : D then (B × C) = (A × D)

Calculation:

According to the concept,

(2x + 7y) × 3 = (4x - 3y) × 8

⇒ 6x + 21y = 32x - 24y

⇒ 26x = 45y

⇒ x/y = 45/26

⇒ x : y = 45 : 26

∴ x : y is 45 : 26.

Given:

Loss on the article = 18%

Profit after adding ₹ 2,475 to SP = 12%

Formula used:

Selling Price = Cost Price - Cost Price × Loss%

Selling Price = Cost Price + Cost Price × Gain%

Calculation:

Let the cost price of the article be q

Original selling price = q - q × 18%

⇒q - (q × 18/100) =  0.82q

Desired selling price = q + q × 12%

⇒q + (q × 12/100) = 1.12q

According to the question,

1.12q - 0.82q = 2475

⇒ 0.3q = 2475

⇒ q = 2475/0.3

⇒ q = 8250

Now, the original SP of the article = 8250 × 0.82

⇒ ₹6765

∴ The selling price of the article was ₹6765.

Shortcut Trick 

Let CP be 100%, therefore

⇒ (100 - 18)% + 2475 = (100 + 12)%

⇒ 82 % + 2475 = 112%

⇒ 112% - 82% = 2475

⇒ 30% = 2475

⇒ 1% = 2475/30 = 82.5

Then SP = 82% (At 18% loss)

⇒ SP = 82.5 × 82 = 6765

∴ The selling price of the article was ₹6765.

Given:

Distance traveled = 600 m 

Time taken = 5 min

Concept used:

Distance = Time × Speed 

1m/s = 18/5 km/h

Calculation:

5 min = 5 × 60 = 300 sec

His speed = 600/300 = 2 m/s

Now, his speed in km/h = 2 × 18/5 = 7.2 km/h

∴ His speed is 7.2 km/h.

Given:

The numbers 15, 20, 21

Concept used:

LCM method

LCM is the smallest common multiple of two or more numbers.

Calculation:

LCM (15, 20, 21) = 420

So, 420 is the smallest number divisible by 15, 20, and 21.

The required number = 420 - 5 = 415

∴ The smallest number divisible by 15, 20, and 21 when added 5 is 415.

Given:

Radius of first circle = 21 cm

Radius of second circle = 25 cm

Formula used:

Area of a circle = πR²

Circumference of the circle = 2πR

where R = Radius of the circle

Calculation:

Circumference of the first circle = (2π × 21) cm

Circumference of the second circle = (2π × 25) cm

Difference between the circumference = (2π × 25) - (2π × 21)

⇒ (2π × 4) = 8π cm

Let the radius of the above-mentioned circle be R.

According to the question,

2πR = 8π

⇒ R = 4

Now, the area of the circle = π × 4²

⇒ 22/7 × 16

⇒ 50.285 ≈ 50.3 cm²

∴ The area (in cm²) of the obtained circle is 50.3 cm²

The correct answer is 'To feel lost or confused'.

Key Points

• The most appropriate meaning of the given idiom 'Feel at sea' is 'To feel lost or confused'.
• Feel at sea: perplexed by many conflicting situations or statements. (कई परस्पर विरोधी स्थितियों या बयानों से हैरान)
• Example: I'm all/completely at sea with the new computer system.
  

Correct Answer: To feel lost or confused.

The correct answer is 'Common'.

Key Points

• The most appropriate antonym of the given word 'Distinctive' is 'Common'.
• Distinctive: clearly different from others and therefore easy to recognize. (सबसे स्‍पष्‍टतया अलग और सरलता से पहचान में आने वाला, भेदकारी)
• Example: The soldiers were wearing their distinctive red berets.
• Common: occurring, found, or done often; prevalent. (घटित होना, पाया जाना, या अक्सर किया जाना; प्रचलित।)
• Example: "salt and pepper are the two most common seasonings"

Correct Answer: common .

Additional Information

• Let's look at the meaning of other words:
• Similarity: the state of being like somebody/something but not exactly the same. [किसी के समान या सदृश (परंतु पूर्णतः वही न) होने की सि्‍थति; समानता, सादृश्‍य]
• Close: only a short distance away or apart in space or time. (समीप)
• Original: first; earliest (before any changes or developments). [(किसी परिवर्तन या विकास से पूर्व) प्रथम; आदिम; मूल]

The correct answer is 'prolonged'.

Key Points

• The most appropriate word for the given blank is 'prolonged'.
• It means 'continuing for a long time'. (लंबी अवधि तक रहने वाला)
• Example: There was a prolonged silence before anybody spoke.
• Let's look at the meaning of other words:
• stretched: to pull something so that it becomes longer or wider; to become longer or wider in this way. (किसी वस्‍तु को अधिक लंबा या चौड़ा करने के लिए खींचना; (किसी वस्‍तु का) खिंच कर अधिक लंबा या चौड़ा हो जाना, बढ़ जाना, तनन)
• surprise: the feeling that you have when something happens that you do not expect. (आश्‍चर्य, हैरानी)
• projected: to plan something that will happen in the future. (भविष्‍योन्‍मुखी कार्य-योजना बनाना)
• Thus, the correct answer is Option 1.
  

Correct Sentence: He recovered after a prolonged illness.

The correct answer is 'several'.

Key Points

• The most appropriate word for the given blank is 'several'.
• Here, 'several times' is a phrase.
• It means 'more than two but not very many; a few'. [दो से कुछ अधिक (बहुत अधिक नहीं), अनेक; कुछ]
• Example: It took her several days to recover from the shock.
• Let's look at the meaning of other words:
• less: a smaller amount (of). (किसी वस्‍तु की कुछ कम मात्रा, कम)
• much: to a great degree. (बड़ी सीमा तक)
• few: not many. (थोड़े-से, गिने-चुने; बहुत-से नहीं)
• Thus, as per the above definitions, we find that the correct answer is Option 4.
  

Correct Sentence: Edit and proofread your essay several times.

The correct answer is 'Relationship'.

Key Points

• The most appropriate synonym of the given word 'Kinship' is 'Relationship'.
• Kinship: the relationship between the members of the same family. (सगोत्रता)
• Example: the ties of kinship...
• Relationship: the way that people, groups, countries, etc. feel about or behave towards each other. [(किसी के साथ या किन्‍हीं दो व्‍यक्ति, संगठनों या देशों के बीच) संबंध]
• Example: The relationship between the parents and the school has improved greatly.
  

Correct Answer: Relationship.

Additional Information

• Let's look at the meaning of other words:
• Viewership: the number or type of people who watch a particular television programme, channel or film. (प्रोग्राम, चैनल या फ़िल्म विशेष को देखनेवाले लोगों की संख्या या श्रेणी; दर्शकगण, प्रेक्षकगण)
• Partnership: the state of being a partner in business. (व्‍यापार में भागीदारी या साझेदारी)
• Incompatibility: the condition of two things being so different in nature as to be incapable of coexisting. (असंगति, बेमेलपन)

The correct answer is 'In a similar situation'.

Key Points

• The most appropriate meaning of the given idiom 'In the same boat' is 'In a similar situation'.
• In the same boat: be in the same difficult circumstances as others. (दूसरों के समान कठिन परिस्थितियों में रहें)
• Example: Do not despair: you are one of the millions in the same boat.
  

Correct Answer: In a similar situation.

The correct answer is 'Innocent'.

Key Points

• The most appropriate antonym of the given word 'Guilty' is 'Innocent'.
• Guilty: having broken a law; being responsible for doing something wrong. (क़ानून तोड़ने वाला; ग़लत काम करने वाला)
• Example: She pleaded guilty/not guilty to the crime.
• Innocent: not having done wrong. (जिसने ग़लत काम नहीं किया; निर्दोष, बेगुनाह, बेक़सूर)
• Example: An innocent man was arrested by mistake.
  

Correct Answer: Innocent.

Additional Information

• Let's look at the meaning of other words:
• Sad: unhappy or causing somebody to feel unhappy. (उदास या उदास करने वाला)
• Ignorant: not knowing about something. [(किसी बात से) अनजान, अनभिज्ञ]
• Clever: able to learn, understand or do something quickly and easily; intelligent. (चतुर, सयाना; बुद्धिमान)

The correct answer is 'Effect'.

Key Points

• The most appropriate word for the given group of words is 'Effect'.
• It means 'a change that is caused by something; a result'. (प्रभाव; परिणाम)
• Example: the effects of acid rain on the lakes and forests...
  

Correct Answer: Effect.

Additional Information

• Let's look at the meaning of other words:
• Addition: adding something, especially two or more numbers. (जोड़ने की क्रिया, विशेषतः संख्‍याओं को; संयोजन, योग)
• Affect: make somebody/something change in a particular way; to influence somebody/something. (किसी वस्‍तु या व्‍यक्ति के व्‍यवहार को प्रभावित करना; असर डालना)
• Product: something that is made in a factory or that is formed naturally. (कारख़ाने में निर्मित या प्राकृतिक प्रक्रिया से बनी वस्‍तु)

The erroneous part is 'continuous each day'.

Key Points

• The given sentence is grammatically incorrect.
• Here, 'continuously every day' should be used instead of 'continuous each day'.
• The qualify the gerund 'Laughing' we have to use the adverb 'continuously'.
• Example: The machine is operating continuously.
• Each and every are both used with singular nouns to indicate quantity. Each indicates two or more items, whereas every indicates three or more items.
• When three or more items are involved, we tend to use each when we are thinking of the items individually and every when we are thinking of them collectively.
• Thus, as per the above description, we find that the correct answer is Option 4.
  

Correct Sentence: Laughing for about ten minutes continuously every day is supposed to be good for your health.

The correct answer is 'Maintenance'.

Key Points

• Among the given Options, the incorrectly spelt word is 'Maintenance'.
• It means 'keeping something in good condition'. (रख-रखाव)
• Example: This house needs a lot of maintenance.
  

Correct Answer: Maintenance.

Key Points

• Let's see the correct meaning and correct spelling of the given options:
• Restaurant: a place where you can buy and eat a meal. (रेस्‍तराँ, भोजनालय)
• Millennium: a period of 1000 years. (एक हजार वर्ष की अवधि; सहस्‍त्राब्‍दी)
• Referee: the official person in sports such as football who controls the match and prevents players from breaking the rules. [(फु़टबॉल आदि खेलकूद में) रेफ़री, निर्णायक]

The correct answer is 'Elocution'.

Key Points

• The most appropriate word for the given group of words is 'Elocution'.
• It means 'the ability to speak clearly, correctly and without a strong accent'. (श्रेष्‍ठ वक्तृत्‍व कला)
• Example: I need more training in order to improve my elocution.
  

Correct Answer: Elocution.

Additional Information

• Let's look at the meaning of other words:
• Extempore: spoken, done, or written without any prior preparation or thought. (बिना पूर्व तैयारी के बोला, किया या लिखा गया; तात्कालिक)
• Allocation: the action or process of allocating or sharing out something. (आवंटन; धनराशि आदि का बँटवारा)
• Impromptu: (done) without being prepared or organized. [बिना तैयारी या व्‍यवस्‍था के (किया गया), आशु या तत्‍काल (आयोजित)]

The correct answer is 'had just completed the work'.

Key Points

• The underlined part in the given sentence is grammatically incorrect.
• Here, 'had just completed the work' should be used instead of 'just completed the work'.
• The given sentence is in the past tense.
• We can use the past perfect to show the order of two past events. The past perfect shows the earlier action and the past simple shows the later action. 
• Example: When the police arrived, the thief had escaped.
• To qualify the adverb 'just' which is an adverb of the perfect tense, we should use a helping verb 'had' before it.
• Thus, the correct answer is Option 3.
  

Correct Sentence: She had just completed the work before her friend came.

The correct answer is 'need a break'.

Key Points

• The underlined part in the given sentence is grammatically incorrect.
• Here, 'need a break' should be used instead of 'needing a break'.
• There is no word such as 'needing' exists in the English language.
• Here, 'the players' is a plural subject. Hence, we have to use 'need' here which is a plural verb.
• Thus, the correct answer is Option 1.
  

Correct Sentence: "The players need a break and we think it's time for them to rest," the coach told the reporters.

The correct answer is 'No improvement required'.

Key Points

• The given sentence is grammatically correct.
• Here, 'off my feet' is correctly used because it is a phrase.
• It means 'so as to be no longer standing'. (ताकि अब खड़ा न रहे)
• Example: She was blown off her feet by the shock wave from the explosion.
• Thus, the correct answer is Option 4.
  

​Correct Sentence: The strong wind almost lifted me off my feet.

The erroneous part is 'Has the situation'.

Key Points

• The given sentence is grammatically incorrect.

• Here, 'Had the situation' should be used instead of 'Has the situation'.

• The given sentence is an example of a third conditional.

• Third Conditional: The third conditional, also called the "Past Unreal" conditional is used to describe unreal situations in the past. It is often used to express regret about the past because the hypothetical situation that it describes is now impossible as a consequence of another past action.

• The structure of these kinds of sentences is "If+Subject+had+V3, S+would+have+V3".​

• Example:

• If I had seen you, I would have stopped my car.

• If I had seen you, I would had stopped my car.

• Thus, the correct answer is Option 3.
  

Correct Sentence: Had the situation been favourable, I would have attended the marriage.

The correct answer is 'graphic'.

Key Points

• The most appropriate word for the given blank is 'graphic'.
• If you say that a description or account of something unpleasant is graphic, you are emphasizing that it is clear and detailed.
• It is '(used about descriptions) clear and giving a lot of detail, especially about something unpleasant'. [(वर्णन) स्‍पष्‍ट और सुविस्‍तृत (विशेषतः किसी अप्रिय स्थिति का)]
• Example: She described the accident in graphic detail.
• Let's look at the meaning of other words:
• bulky: large and heavy and therefore difficult to move or carry. (भारी-भरकम)
• heroic: (used about people or their actions) having a lot of courage. [(व्‍यक्ति और उनके कार्य) साहसपूर्ण, हिम्‍मत वाला]
• pleasant: nice, enjoyable, or friendly. (सुहाना, आनंददायक या अनुकूल)
• Thus, as per the above definition, we find that the correct answer is Option 1.
  

Correct Sentence: The book gives a graphic account of the horrors of war.

The correct answer is 'Pharmacy'.

Key Points

• Among the given Options the correctly spelt word is 'Pharmacy'.
• It means 'a shop or part of a shop where medicines and drugs are prepared and sold'. (दवा और औषध बनाने और बेचने की दुकान; औषध-विक्रय केंद्र, औषधशाला)
• Example: He spent four years studying pharmacy.
  

Correct Answer: Pharmacy. 

Additional Information

• Peninsula- a piece of land almost surrounded by water or projecting out into a body of water.
• Domicile- the country that a person treats as their permanent home, or lives in and has a substantial connection with.
• cannibal- a person who eats the flesh of other human beings.