SSC GD Constable (2022) Official Paper (Held On : 10 Jan 2023 Shift 3) (Previous Year Paper)

The least possible Venn diagram is given below according to the given information.

Conclusion:

I. All fans are new → Does not follow  → (As all fans are Bulb, all bulb are tube-light, and some tube-light are new. So all fans are new is possible but not definite followed)

II. All tube lights are fans → Does not follow → (As all fans are Bulb, all bulb are tube-light, and some tube-light are new. So all tube lights are fans is not definite followed)

Here, neither conclusion I nor II follows.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 3".

The pattern followed here is:

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 1".

The logic followed here is:

ROOT : QQTV

And,

STEM : VGUO

Similarly,

 LEAF : ?

Hence, the correct answer is "GCNH".

The logic followed here is:

Hence, the correct answer is "GPVF".

Preparing the family tree using the following symbols:

According to the given question: 

"A + B ÷ C × D - E + F" is shown as a family tree diagram below,

Now, let's check each option:

1) A is the grandson of F → True

2) A is the son of C → True

3) E is the brother of B → False

4) D is the daughter of F → True

Hence, the correct answer is "E is the brother of B".

The logic followed here is:

Logic: 

Step 1: Addition of  +2 in the consonant alphabet.

Step 2: Subtraction of -1 in the vowel alphabet.

'FINGER' is written as 'HHPIDT' 

And,

'DESTINY' is written as FDUVHPA'

Similarly,

'GRANTED' be written as '?'

Hence, the correct answer is "ITZPVDF".

Mistake Points With the two hints given another pattern is getting formed which is:

Step 1: Dividing the entire word into sections of 3 letters each 

Step 2: Addition of +2 in 1st and 3rd letter and subtraction of -1 from 2nd letter

By doing this you will get IQC for the first three letters (as given in option 3) but the same will not be continued for the remaining letters hence 1st logic follows correctly and gives 1st option as the correct one.

IQCPSGR is not present in the options. It is different from option C.

The pattern followed here is:

We have to interchange the signs in the given equations to make it correct.

Let's check each option one by one.

Option 1) + and ×

Given: 136 ÷ 17 + 102 - 3 × 2 = 187

After interchanging the sign we get the;

⇒ 136 ÷ 17 × 102 - 3 + 2 = 187

⇒ 8 × 102 - 3 + 2 = 187

⇒ 816 - 3 + 2 = 187

⇒ 818 - 3 = 187

⇒ 815 ≠ 187

⇒ LHS ≠ RHS

Option 2) ÷ and × 

Given: 136 ÷ 17 + 102 - 3 × 2 = 187

After interchanging the sign we get the;

⇒ 136 × 17 + 102 - 3 ÷ 2 = 187

⇒ 136 × 17 + 102 - 1.5 = 187

⇒ 2312 + 102 - 1.5 = 187

⇒ 2414 - 1.5 = 187

⇒ 2412.5 ≠ 187

⇒ LHS ≠ RHS

Option 3) × and -

Given: 136 ÷ 17 + 102 - 3 × 2 = 187

After interchanging the sign we get the;

⇒ 136 ÷ 17 + 102 × 3 - 2 = 187

⇒ 8 + 102 × 3 - 2 = 187

⇒ 8 + 306 -2 = 187

⇒ 314 - 2 = 187

⇒ 312 ≠ 187

⇒ LHS ≠ RHS

Option 4) ÷ and -

Given: 136 ÷ 17 + 102 - 3 × 2 = 187

After interchanging the sign we get the;

⇒ 136 - 17 + 102 ÷ 3 × 2 = 187

⇒ 136 - 17 + 34 × 2 = 187

⇒ 136 - 17 + 68 = 187

⇒ 204 - 17 = 187

⇒ 187 = 187

⇒ LHS = RHS

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 4".

The pattern followed here is:

Given: Seven people A, H, D, F, T, E, and G are sitting in a straight row, facing north.

1) Only three people sit to the left of E.

(It means E sits on the middle of the row)

2) A sits at the extreme right of the row.

3) F sits second to the left of E.

4) G and H are immediate neighbours of E.

(Position of G and H is not clear but they sit either side of E)

5)  D is the immediate neighbour of A.

6. So, T sits on the vacant place.

Clearly, T sits extreme left of the row.

Hence, the correct answer is "T".

The pattern followed here is:

Given: 6 Friends F, U, K, S, M, and A, are sitting around a circular table facing the centre.

1) A and S are immediate neighbours of K.

2) F is sitting opposite to K. 

3) M is an immediate neighbour of A and F.

4. U sits in the vacant place.

5)  if M and S exchange their positions.

Clearly, S sit between A and F in both the cases.

Hence, the correct answer is "S".

The pattern followed here is:

Logic: Number of letters = Code.

Given:

1. Find a solution is coded as '418'

2. be attentive is coded as '29'

3. answers are correct is coded as '737'

4) 'check the question' be coded as '?'

Hence, the correct answer is "538".

The pattern followed here is:

Logic: (Third number + Second number) × 8 = First number.

Given:

(216, 12, 15)

⇒ (15 + 12) × 8

⇒ 27 × 8 = 216

And,

(432, 23, 31)

⇒ (23 + 31) × 8

⇒ 54 × 8 = 432

Let's check each option one by one.

1) (304, 14, 24)

⇒ (14 + 24) × 8

⇒ 38 × 8 = 304 (Correct)

2) (380, 24, 18)

⇒ (24 + 18) × 8

⇒ 42 × 8 = 336 ≠ 380 (Incorrect)

3) (150, 11, 14)

⇒ (11 + 14) × 8

⇒ 25 × 8 = 200 ≠ 150 (Incorrect)

4) (484, 16, 32)

⇒ (16 + 32) × 8

⇒ 48 × 8 = 384 ≠ 484 (Incorrect)

Hence, the correct answer is "(304, 14, 24)"

The correct order as per the English dictionary is:

1) Seminar

2) Semolina

3) Senior

4) September

5) Serious

Hence, the correct answer is "1, 2, 3, 4, 5".

The logic followed here is:

Logic: The terms are multiplied by 7 to get the next term of the series.

Hence, the correct answer is "1029".

The logic followed here is:

Logic: The first word is the capital city of the second word which is a state.

Mumbai: Maharashtra

→ Mumbai is the capital city of Maharashtra.

Similarly,

Bhopal:?

→ Bhopal is the capital city of Madhya Pradesh.

Hence, the correct answer is "Madhya Pradesh".

The pattern followed here is:

Given: 213, 216, 225, 240, 261, ?

Hence, the correct answer is "288".

The position of the English alphabet series is given below:

Given: LPKT, NNMR, PLOP, ?, THSL

Hence, the correct answer is "RJQN".

The logic follow here is:

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 2".

The pattern followed here is:

We have to put the signs in the given equations to make it correct.

Let's check each option one by one.

1) ÷, +, -, ×, =

⇒ 89 ÷  5 + 15 - 32 × 8 = 18

⇒ 17.8 + 15 - 32 × 8 = 18

⇒ 17.8 + 15 - 256 = 18

⇒ 32.8 - 256 = 18

⇒ -223.2 ≠ 18

⇒ LHS ≠ RHS 

2) ×, +, ÷, -, =

⇒ 89 × 5 + 15 ÷ 32 - 8 = 18

⇒ 89 × 5 + 0.46875 - 8 = 18

⇒ 445 + 0.46875 - 8 = 18

⇒ 445.46875 - 8 = 18

⇒ 427.46875 ≠ 18

⇒ LHS ≠ RHS 

3) +, -, ÷, ×, =

⇒ 89 + 5 - 15 ÷ 32 × 8 = 18

⇒ 89 + 5 - 0.46875 × 8 = 18

⇒ 89 + 5 - 3.75 = 18

⇒ 94 - 3.75 = 18

⇒ 90.25 ≠ 18

⇒ LHS ≠ RHS 

4) -, ×, +, ÷, =

⇒ 89 - 5 × 15 + 32 ÷ 8 = 18

⇒ 89 - 5 × 15 + 4 = 18

⇒ 89 - 75 + 4 = 18

⇒ 93 - 75 = 18

⇒ 18 = 18

⇒ LHS = RHS 

Hence, the correct answer is " -, ×, +, ÷, = ".

The pattern followed here is:

Logic: No two opposite faces are adjacent to each other.

Let's find which number is faced opposite to face having '4'.

We are taking both dice figures (1) & (2) together.

Here, 4 are common in both dice.

Now, we are taking dice figures (1) & (2) together.

Here, 4 is common in both the dice and the rotated clockwise direction.

Opposite pairs:

⇒ 5 ⇔ 1

⇒ 2 ⇔ 6

⇒ 4 ⇔ 3

Clearly, 4 is the opposite of 3.

Hence, the correct answer is "3".

The logic follow here is:

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 2".

The correct answer is Article 17.

Key Points

• Article 17:-
• Article 17 abolishes untouchability and forbids its practice in any form.
• Indian Parliament passed an Untouchability (offenses) Act in 1955.
• Article 17 was adopted by the constituent assembly with slogans of “Mahatma Gandhi ki Jai”
• The term ‘untouchability’ is not defined in the Constitution or in the Act.

Additional Information

• Important Articles of Indian constitution

The correct answer is White

Key Points

• When magnesium burns in the presence of oxygen, it produces a bright white flame.
• The intense white light is a result of the high temperature and the emission of electromagnetic radiation across a broad spectrum, including visible light.
• This characteristic white light is often described as blinding or dazzling due to its brightness.

Additional Information

• Magnesium:-
• Magnesium is a chemical element with the symbol "Mg" and atomic number 12.
• It is a shiny gray metal and belongs to the alkaline earth metal group on the periodic table.
• Magnesium is the eighth-most abundant element in the Earth's crust and the third-most abundant element dissolved in seawater.
• Oxygen:-
• Oxygen is a chemical element with the symbol "O" and atomic number 8.
• It is a member of the chalcogen group on the periodic table, a highly reactive nonmetal, and an oxidizing agent that readily forms oxides with most elements as well as with other compounds.
• Oxygen is the third-most abundant element in the universe and makes up about 21% of Earth's atmosphere by volume.

The correct answer is Samudragupta.

Key Points

• Samudragupta:-
• He is also known as Samudra Gupta, was a prominent ruler of ancient India who reigned from around 335 to 380 CE.
• He belonged to the Gupta dynasty, which is considered a golden period in Indian history due to its advancements in art, science, literature, and administration
• Samudragupta was the son and successor of Chandragupta I, the founder of the Gupta Empire.
• He is often regarded as one of the greatest rulers of ancient India due to his military conquests, administrative abilities, and patronage of arts and culture.
• Samudragupta's reign is characterized by the expansion and consolidation of the Gupta Empire.

Additional Information

• Chandragupta I:-
• ​He is also known as Chandragupta Gupta, was the founder of the Gupta Empire in ancient India.
• He ruled from around 320 to 335 CE and laid the foundation for one of the most prosperous and influential dynasties in Indian history.
• Chandragupta I was born into a dynasty called the Gupta dynasty, which originated in the Magadha region of present-day Bihar.
• He married a princess named Kumaradevi from the Licchavi kingdom, a powerful political entity in northern India at that time.
• This marriage alliance helped consolidate Chandragupta's position and provided him with significant political support.
• Chandragupta II:-
• He is also known as Chandragupta Vikramaditya, was one of the most celebrated rulers of the Gupta Empire in ancient India.
• He reigned from around 380 to 415 CE and is considered one of the greatest kings of the Gupta dynasty
• .Chandragupta II was the son and successor of Samudragupta, the ruler known for his military conquests and patronage of arts and culture.
• Under Chandragupta II's rule, the Gupta Empire reached its zenith, and it was a period of remarkable cultural and economic growth.

The correct answer is Bharatanatyam.

Key Points

• E. Krishna Iyer:-
• E. Krishna Iyer refers to E. Krishna Iyer, a prominent Indian jurist and former judge of the Supreme Court of India.
• He was born on November 15, 1915, in Palakkad, Kerala, India, and passed away on December 4, 2014.
• E. Krishna Iyer was known for his progressive and activist approach to law.
• During his tenure as a judge, he delivered several landmark judgments that had a significant impact on Indian jurisprudence.
• He was known for his commitment to social justice and his efforts to protect the rights of the marginalized and disadvantaged sections of society.
• He was a follower of traditional Isaivellalar practitioners of Sadir, also known as Bharatanatyam.
• Bharatanatyam
• Bharatanatyam is a classical Indian dance form that originated in the state of Tamil Nadu in South India.
• It is one of the oldest and most widely practiced classical dance forms in India.
• Bharatanatyam is known for its intricate footwork, expressive hand gestures, facial expressions, rhythmic movements, and storytelling.
• The dance form incorporates elements of both pure dance (nritta) and expressive storytelling (nritya).
• It follows a codified structure and grammar known as "Margam," which consists of various components such as Alarippu, Jatiswaram, Varnam, Padam, and Tillana.
• Each component serves a specific purpose and showcases different aspects of the dancer's skills.

Additional Information

• Kathak:
• Origin: Northern India.
• Features: Fast footwork (tatkar), spins and pirouettes (chakkar), rhythmic patterns, intricate hand gestures, storytelling through dance (narrative form), emphasis on grace, facial expressions, and fluid movements, utilization of Ghungroo (musical anklets).
• Odissi:
• Origin: Odisha
• Features: Tribhangi (three-body bends), graceful movements, fluid torso and hip movements, storytelling through dance (narrative form), intricate footwork, hand gestures (mudras), elaborate facial expressions, use of silk costumes and jewelry.
• Kathakali:
• Origin: Kerala
• Features: Elaborate makeup and costumes, highly stylized facial expressions, exaggerated eye movements, hand gestures (mudras), storytelling through dance (narrative form), intense footwork, acrobatic movements, use of elaborate headdresses and facial masks.
• Manipuri:
• Origin: Manipur
• Features: Gentle and graceful movements, rounded and flowing footwork, soft hand gestures, storytelling through dance (narrative form), use of elaborate costumes, emphasis on spirituality and devotion, incorporation of martial arts elements.
• Kuchipudi:
• Origin: Andhra Pradesh
• Features: Intricate footwork, fluid movements, quicksilver footwork, storytelling through dance (narrative form), graceful hand gestures (mudras), dramatic facial expressions, incorporation of both masculine and feminine elements, dynamic body movements.
• Mohiniyattam:
• Origin: Kerala
• Features: Lyrical and graceful movements, gentle swaying of the body, subtle facial expressions, storytelling through dance (narrative form), delicate hand gestures (mudras), emphasis on femininity and sensuality, use of white and gold costumes.
• Sattriya:
• Origin: Assam
• Features: Devotional in nature, intricate footwork, graceful hand gestures, storytelling through dance (narrative form), emphasis on facial expressions, fluid torso movements, utilization of masks and costumes inspired by Vaishnavite tradition.

The correct answer is 10 years.

Key Points

• Population census:-
• It is a systematic collection of demographic, social, and economic data of all individuals within a specific geographic region.
• It aims to gather comprehensive information about the population to provide a reliable basis for policymaking, planning, and resource allocation.
• In India, the population census is conducted once every ten years.
• The last population census conducted in India took place in 2011.

Additional Information

• Other census parameters according to 2011 data:-

The correct answer is Germany

Key Points

• Lusofonia Games:-
• The Lusofonia Games, also known as the Jogos da Lusofonia, is a multinational multi-sport event held among athletes from Portuguese-speaking countries.
• The games are organized by the Association of Portuguese-Speaking Olympic Committees (ACOLOP) and are held every four years.
• The first edition of the Lusofonia Games took place in 2006 in Macau, China.
• The event was created to strengthen the cultural and sporting ties among Portuguese-speaking countries, promoting friendship and cooperation among the participating nations.
• The games also aim to provide a platform for athletes from these countries to showcase their talent on an international stage.
• Germany:-
• Germany, officially known as the Federal Republic of Germany, is a country located in Central Europe.
• It is bordered by nine other countries: Denmark to the north, Poland and the Czech Republic to the east, Austria and Switzerland to the south, France and Luxembourg to the southwest, Belgium to the west, and the Netherlands to the northwest.
• Germany has a diverse landscape that includes the North European Plain, the Central Uplands, and the Bavarian Alps.

Additional Information

• India:-
• ​It is officially known as the Republic of India, is a country located in South Asia.
• It is the seventh-largest country by land area and the second-most populous country in the world, with over 1.3 billion people.
• Macau:-
• It is officially known as the Macao Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China, is a region located on the southern coast of China. It is situated on the western bank of the Pearl River Delta, across from Hong Kong.
• Portugal:-
• It is officially known as the Portuguese Republic, is a country located in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula. It shares its borders with Spain to the east and north, and is surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean to the west and south. Portugal also includes the autonomous regions of the Azores and Madeira, located in the Atlantic Ocean.

The correct answer is ​Radio Club of Bombay .

Key Points

• Radio Club of Bombay:-
• The Radio Club of Bombay, also known as the RCBC, is a prominent members-only social club located in Mumbai, India.
• It was founded in 1928 and is situated in a heritage building overlooking the Arabian Sea at Colaba, one of Mumbai's popular neighborhoods.
• The Radio Club of Bombay offers a wide range of recreational and leisure facilities to its members.
• The club is known for its sports facilities, including tennis courts, squash courts, and a swimming pool.
• It also has a gymnasium, billiards room, and a library.

Additional Information

• The Lions Club of Bombay:-
• It is also known as the Bombay Lions Club, is a branch of Lions Clubs International located in Mumbai, India.
• Lions Clubs International is a global non-profit organization known for its philanthropic activities and community service.
• The Rotary Club of Bombay:-
• It is a prominent service organization based in Mumbai, India.
• It is one of the oldest and most prestigious Rotary Clubs in India, chartered on 19th February 1929.
• The club is part of Rotary International, a global network of service clubs that aims to provide humanitarian services, promote goodwill, and foster peace and understanding.
• The Rotaract Club of Bombay:-
• It is a youth-based community service organization affiliated with Rotary International.
• Rotaract clubs are sponsored by local Rotary clubs and provide young adults between the ages of 18 and 30 with opportunities for personal development, leadership, and community service.

The correct answer is Article 324

Key Points

• Article 324 :
• ​Article 324 in the Indian Constitution gives power to the Election Commission to direct, control, and conduct elections to all Parliament, to the Legislature of every state, and of elections to the offices of the President and Vice President held under the Constitution.
• Article 324 of the Constitution vests the "superintendence, direction and control of elections" in an Election Commission consisting "of the Chief Election Commissioner and a such number of other Election Commissioners, if any, as the President may from time to time fix".

Additional Information

• Article 333:-
• ​The Legislative Assembly consists of 175 elected members and one member nominated by the Governor from among Anglo-Indian Community, under Article 333 of the Constitution of India.
• The duration of the Assembly is five years from the date appointed for its first meeting, unless sooner dissolved.
• • Article 367- States about the Interpretation of miscellaneous provisions.
• Artcile 356
• ​It ​states that “If the President, on receipt of a report from the Governor of the State or otherwise, is satisfied that a situation has arisen in which the government of the State cannot be carried on in accordance with the provisions of this Constitution, the President may be Proclaim emergency in a state”.

The correct answer is Vinai Kumar Saxena.

Key Points

• Vinai Kumar Saxena:-
• Shri Vinai Kumar Saxena took over as the 22nd Lieutenant Governor of Delhi on 26th May 2022. Shri Saxena, 63, comes with over three decades of vast experience in the corporate and social sectors and is the first corporate man ever selected for such gubernatorial post.
• Prior to his appointment as the LG of Delhi, Shri Saxena served as the Chairman of the Khadi & Village Industries Commission (KVIC) from October 2015 to May 2022. At KVIC,

Additional Information

• Anil Baijal:-
• He is an Indian civil servant and politician who served as the Lieutenant Governor of Delhi from December 2016 to December 2021.
• He was born on October 1, 1946, in Agra, Uttar Pradesh, India.
• Arvind Kejriwal:-
• He is an Indian politician and the current Chief Minister of Delhi.
• He was born on August 16, 1968, in Siwani, Haryana, India.
• Kejriwal is the national convener of the Aam Aadmi Party (AAP), a political party that emerged in 2012 with a focus on anti-corruption and good governance.
• Manoj Sinha:-
• He is an Indian politician and member of the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP).
• He served as the Lieutenant Governor of the Union Territory of Jammu and Kashmir from August 2020 to March 2021.
• Sinha was born on July 1, 1959, in Mohanpura, Ghazipur, Uttar Pradesh, India.

The correct answer is Export.

Key Points

• Export:-
• Export is indeed an important factor that is taken into account when computing the national income of a country.
• When calculating the national income, the value of exports is included as it represents the income generated from selling goods and services produced domestically to other countries.
• Export earnings contribute to the overall economic activity and income of a nation.
• They are considered a positive factor in the calculation of national income as they represent an inflow of money into the
• Other factors that are considered include wages, salaries, profits, rents, and other forms of income generated by individuals and businesses within the country.
• Additionally, factors such as taxes, subsidies, depreciation, and net foreign income are also taken into consideration to arrive at a comprehensive measure of the national income.

Additional Information

• National income:-
• It refers to the total value of goods and services produced within a country's borders over a specific period, usually a year.
• It is a measure of a nation's economic activity and is often used as an indicator of its overall economic health.
• There are different approaches to calculating national income, but one commonly used method is the expenditure approach.
• While computing the national income, various factors are taken into account. One important factor is the Export.
• The formula to calculate national income using the expenditure approach is as follows:
• National Income = Consumption Expenditure (C) + Investment Expenditure (I) + Government Expenditure (G) + Net Exports (NX)

The correct answer is Ambubachi Mela.

Key Points

• The Ambubachi Mela:-
• It is also known as Ambubasi festival or Ameti festival, is an annual religious festival celebrated in the Kamakhya Temple in Guwahati, Assam, India.
• It is one of the most important festivals in the state of Assam and attracts thousands of devotees from various parts of the country.
• The festival is centered around the Kamakhya Devi Temple, which is dedicated to the Hindu goddess Kamakhya.
• According to Hindu mythology, during the festival, the goddess Kamakhya is believed to undergo her annual menstrual cycle.
• The temple remains closed for three days during this period as it is considered to be an impure time.
• Goddess Kamakhya:-
• It is a prominent deity in Hindu mythology, particularly in the Shakta tradition.
• She is revered as a powerful and fertility goddess, often associated with feminine energy and the creative force of the universe.
• Kamakhya is primarily worshipped in the Kamakhya Temple, located on the Nilachal Hill in Guwahati, Assam, India.

Additional Information

• Moatsu:-
• ​It is a significant festival celebrated by the Ao Naga tribe in the northeastern state of Nagaland, India.
• It is observed in the month of May every year, specifically from the 1st to the 7th of the month.
• Chapchar Kut:-
• It is a harvest festival celebrated by the Mizos, an ethnic group predominantly found in the northeastern state of Mizoram, India, as well as in parts of Myanmar and Bangladesh.
• It is one of the most important festivals for the Mizo people and is usually held in March after the completion of the jhum (shifting cultivation) cycle.
• Wangala:-
• ​Wangala is a harvest festival celebrated by the Garo tribe, which is one of the major indigenous communities in the northeastern region of India, particularly in the states of Meghalaya, Assam, and parts of Bangladesh.
• The festival is also known as Wangala or Drua Wanbola and is considered one of the most significant cultural events for the Garo people.

The correct answer is electronics.

Key Points

• The electronics industry:-
• It encompasses the manufacturing, design, and sale of electronic components and devices.
• It includes a broad range of products such as consumer electronics (e.g., televisions, smartphones, laptops, and home appliances), electronic components (e.g., semiconductors, integrated circuits, and resistors), communication devices, medical equipment, automotive electronics, and much more.
• The industry plays a crucial role in various sectors, including technology, telecommunications, healthcare, automotive, and entertainment.

Additional Information

• The fertilizer industry:-
• It involves the production, distribution, and sale of fertilizers. Fertilizers are substances or mixtures applied to soil or plants to provide essential nutrients that promote plant growth and increase agricultural productivity. They are used in various sectors, primarily in agriculture, horticulture, and gardening.
• Canal irrigation:-
• It refers to the use of canals to distribute water for agricultural purposes.
• It involves the construction of man-made channels, known as canals, to divert water from rivers, reservoirs, or other water sources and deliver it to fields for irrigation.
• This method has been used for centuries and has played a significant role in agricultural development in many regions.
• Jute processing:-
• It refers to the various steps involved in converting raw jute fibers into usable products. Jute is a natural fiber obtained from the stems of the jute plant, primarily grown in regions such as Bangladesh and India.
• It is known for its strength, versatility, and eco-friendliness, and it is used in the production of a wide range of products.

The correct answer is Liver fluke.

 Key Points

• ​Liver fluke:-​
• Liver flukes are a type of parasitic flatworm that infects the liver of various animals, including humans. The most common liver fluke species that infect humans are Fasciola hepatica and Fasciola gigantic.
• These parasites are prevalent in certain parts of the world, particularly in regions with agricultural practices involving the consumption of raw or undercooked freshwater plants contaminated with the fluke's larvae.
• Coelenterata phylum:-
• The phylum Coelenterata, also known as Cnidaria, is a diverse group of aquatic animals that includes jellyfish, corals, sea anemones, and hydroids.
• However, it's important to note that the term "Coelenterata" is considered outdated and is no longer used in modern taxonomic classifications.
• The phylum Cnidaria is the accepted and current term for this group of animals.

Additional Information

• Sea pen:-
• It is a type of marine animal belonging to the order Pennatulacea.
• Sea pens are colonial organisms that resemble old-fashioned quill pens, hence their name.
• They are soft-bodied and belong to the same phylum as corals and sea anemones, known as Cnidaria.
• Brain coral
• It is a type of coral that belongs to the family Mussidae and the order Scleractinia.
• It is named after its unique appearance, which resembles the convoluted surface of a brain.
• Brain corals are found in tropical and subtropical marine environments, particularly in the Caribbean Sea and the Indo-Pacific region.
• Sea anemone:-
• It is a marine invertebrate belonging to the phylum Cnidaria.
• They are closely related to jellyfish and coral and are known for their unique appearance and behavior.
• Sea anemones are named after the terrestrial flower, as their body shape and colorful tentacles resemble the petals of an open flower.

The correct answer is Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana (Urban).

Key Points

• Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana (Urban):-
• It is a flagship housing scheme launched by the Government of India with the aim of providing affordable housing for all urban households by the year 2022.

Additional Information

• O-SMART:-
• It is (Ocean Services, Modelling, Applications, Resources, and Technology) Scheme is an initiative of the Government of India launched by the Ministry of Earth Sciences.
• It aims to strengthen the country's capabilities in ocean research, monitoring, and forecasting, as well as promote sustainable development and management of marine resources.
• Pradhan Mantri Garib Kalyan Anna Yojana (PMGKAY):-
• It is a social welfare scheme launched by the Government of India to provide free food grains to the vulnerable and economically weaker sections of society.
• PMGKAY was launched in March 2020 as part of the government's response to the COVID-19 pandemic and the resulting economic hardships faced by the poor.
• Global Housing Technology Challenge (GHTC):-
• It is an initiative launched by the Government of India with the aim of promoting innovative and sustainable housing solutions.
• The GHTC was launched in January 2019 by the Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs, Government of India.

The correct answer is Patiala​

Key Points

• Indian Grand Prix-4 :-
• The Athletics Federation of India (AFI) held the Indian Grand Prix IV in June 2021.
• It was held at the National Institute of Sports (NIS) in Patiala.
• Patiala:-
• Patiala is a city located in the state of Punjab, India.
• It is the fourth-largest city in Punjab and serves as the administrative capital of the Patiala district.
• Patiala is known for its rich cultural heritage, historical landmarks, and royal architecture.

Additional Information

• Amritsar:-
• It is located in the northwestern part of India, in the state of Punjab.
• It is known as the spiritual and cultural center of the Sikh religion.
• Home to the famous Golden Temple, also known as Harmandir Sahib, the holiest gurdwara (Sikh place of worship).
• Jalandhar:-
• ​Located in the Doaba region of Punjab, Jalandhar is one of the major cities in the state.
• Known for its industrial and commercial significance, with a thriving manufacturing sector.
• The city is a hub for sports goods manufacturing, leather goods, textiles, and surgical instruments.
• Ludhiana:-
• Located on the banks of the Sutlej River, Ludhiana is the largest city in Punjab and one of the major industrial hubs in India.
• Known as the "Manchester of India" due to its thriving textile industry, including hosiery, woolens, and cotton garments.

The correct answer is dam.

Key Points

• Dam:-
• A dam is a structure built across a river or stream to hold back water.
• Manmade dams create artificial lakes called reservoirs.
• Reservoirs can be used to store water for farming, industry, and household use.

Additional Information

• Meander:-
• ​The formation of successive bends of reverse order may lead to the formation of a complete S curve called Meanders.
• When consecutive curves of reverse order connected with short straight reaches called crossings are developed in a river reach, the river is started to be a meandering river.
• Tributary:-
• A tributary is a freshwater stream that feeds into a larger stream or river.
• The larger, or parent, river is called the mainstem.
• The point where a tributary meets the mainstem is called the confluence.
• Tributaries, also called affluents, do not flow directly into the ocean.
• Moat:-
• It is a pully system of Irrigation.

The correct answer is Radha Sridhar

Key Points 

• Radha Sridhar received the Sangeet Natak Akademi Award for the year 2018 for her contribution to Bharatanatyam.
• Bharatnatyam:-
• The dance origin can be traced back to Sadir-the solo dance of temple dancers or devadasis in Tamil Nadu.
• Bharatnatyam is also known as Dashiattam.
• Elements of Bharatnatyam
• Alarippu-seeking blessing of god with simple dance steps in rhythm.
• Jatiswaram-Nritta component with devoid expression.
• Shabdam-dramatic element with expressed words.
• Varnam-combination of dance and emotion to express a story.
• Padam-mastery over abhinaya of a spiritual message by the artist.
• Jawali-Its performed at short love lyrics at a fast tempo.
• Thillana-Its is known as the concluding Stage with pure dance(Nritta).

Additional Information

• Madambi Subramanian Namboodiri:-
• ​Madambi Subramanian Namboodiri is a Kathakali musician from Kerala, India.
• He received several noted awards including the Sangeet Natak Akademi Award, Kerala State Kathakali Award, Kerala Sangeetha Nataka Akademi Award and Kerala Kalamandalam Award.
• Pasumurthy Ramalinga Sastry:-
• ​He has been serving in the University of Hyderabad for the past two decades imparting training in Bharatanatyam to young student aspirants.
• In 2016, he has received the prestigious KALA RATNA award for his contribution to dance in India from the then Hon’ble Chief Minister of Andhra Pradesh Shri. Nara Chandra Babu Naidu at Vijayawada.
• Akham Lakshmi Devi:-
• ​Akham Lakshmi Devi is a pioneer Classical Solo and Manipuri duet dance artiste.
• Lakshmi has performed in most of the major dance festivals in the country and abroad including Khajuraho, Konark festivals, and dance festivals under Sangeet Natak Akademi.

The correct answer is Hardeep Singh Puri

Key Points 

• India Water Pitch-Pilot-Scale Start-up Challenge:
• India Water Pitch-Pilot-Scale Start-up AMRUT 2.0 established a challenge to promote creativity and design.
• The purpose is to enable startups in the water and used-water sectors to expand via innovation and design, which will provide employment opportunities and support economic growth.Hardeep Singh Puri:-
• ​Shri Hardeep Singh Puri is an Indian Politician, Former Diplomat and Author.
• He was inducted into the Council of Ministers as Minister of State (Independent Charge) for Housing and Urban Affairs in Sep 2017.
• He was given additional charge of Minister of State (Independent Charge) for Civil Aviation and the Minister of State for Commerce and Industry in May 2019.
• He was sworn in as Union Minister in July 2021 and currently, he is the Minister of Housing and Urban Affairs & Petroleum and Natural Gas.
• A 1974-batch Indian Foreign Service officer, he served as the Permanent Representative of India to the United Nations in Geneva and New York and served additionally in Tokyo and Colombo.

Additional Information

• Kaushal Kishore:-
• He is the  Minister of State for the Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs, Government of India since 7 July 2021.
• D Thara:-
• ​D Thara is joint secretary (AMRUT) of the Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs, Government of India.
• A 1995-batch IAS officer of Gujarat cadre, he has been holding the post since July 25, 2019.
• Manoj Joshi:-
• He is a Secretary in Ministry of Housing & Urban Affairs, Government of India.
• He is 1989 IAS batch from Kerala Cadre.

The correct answer is Arya Samaj.

Key Points

• Swami Dayanand Saraswati:-​
• Dayananda Saraswati [1824-1883] was the first to give the call for Swarajya – "India for Indians" – in 1876.
• For his own inspiration, Swami Dayanand went to the Vedas which he regarded as infallible.
• He rejected all later religious thought if it conflicted with the Vedas.
• This total dependence on Vedas and their infallibility gave his teachings orthodox coloring.
• He was opposed to idolatry, ritual, and priesthood and particularly to the prevalent caste practices and popular Hinduism as preached by Brahmins
• ​Swami Dayanand met Keshub Chandra Sen, Vidyasagar, Justice Ranade, Gopal Hari Deshmukh, and other modern religious and social reformers.
• He took inspiration from the Vedas and considered them to be ‘India’s Rock of Ages, the infallible, and the true original seed of Hinduism.
• He gave the slogan “Back to the Vedas”.
• Dayananda’s slogan of ‘Back to the Vedas’ was a call for a revival of Vedic learning and Vedic purity of religion and not a revival of Vedic times.
• He accepted modernity and displayed a patriotic attitude to national problems.
• Arya Samaj:-
• Arya Samaj is a Hindu reform movement founded by 'Swami Dayanand Saraswati'.
• Dayanand Saraswati had inspired the Arya Samaj from Swami Virjanand of Mathura in Bombay in 1875.
• Arya Samaji believed in pure Vedic tradition and rejected idol worship, avatars, sacrifice, false rituals, and superstitions.
• In this, untouchability and caste discrimination were opposed and women and Shudras were also given the right to wear Yagyopaveet and read the Vedas.

Additional Information

• Vedant Samaj:-
• It also known as the Vedanta Society, is a religious and philosophical organization based on the teachings of Vedanta, a school of Hindu philosophy.
• Vedanta is derived from the Upanishads, ancient texts that form the philosophical and spiritual foundation of Hinduism.
• Adi Dharma Samaj:-
• It is a religious and social organization based in Bali, Indonesia. It was founded in the early 20th century as a response to the dominant religious practices of the time, which were primarily based on Hinduism.
• Adi Dharma Samaj sought to promote a form of Hinduism that was more inclusive and accessible to the local Balinese people.

The correct answer is 38.6 percent

Key Points

• Gross domestic product (GDP):-​
• Gross domestic product (GDP) is the monetary value of all finished goods and services made within a country during a specific period.
• GDP provides an economic snapshot of a country, used to estimate the size of an economy and its growth rate.
• GDP can be calculated in three ways, using expenditures, production, or incomes. It can be adjusted for inflation and population to provide deeper insights.
• Though it has limitations, GDP is a key tool to guide policy-makers, investors, and businesses in strategic decision-making.
• Services sector accounted for 38.6 % in the 1980s GDP. (Hence option 2 is correct)

Additional Information 

• Types of GDP:-

Given:

Initial Value (V1) = Rs. 18,000

Final Value after 2 years (V2) = Rs. 14,580

Time (t) = 2 years

Formula Used:

The formula for depreciation (when depreciation rate is constant) is given by:

$V2 = V1 \times (1 - r/100)^t$

 $r = 100 × (1 - (V2/V1)^{(1/t))}$ 

Where:

V2 is the final value,

V1 is the initial value,

r is the rate of depreciation (in percentage),

t is the time (in years).

Calculation:

$r = 100 × (1 - (V2/V1)^{(1/t))}$

⇒ $r = 100 × (1 - (14580 / 18000)^{(1/2))}$

⇒ $r = 100 × (1 - (0.81)^{0.5}$

⇒ r = 100 × (1 - 0.90)

⇒ r = 10 %

So, the yearly rate of depreciation is approximately 10%.

Alternate Method 

 For Depreciation

Amount = Principal(1 - rate/100)Time

14580 = 18000(1 - rate/100)²

⇒ 14580/18000 = (1 - rate/100)²

⇒ √(1458/1800) = 1 - rate/100 

⇒ 9/10 = 1 - rate/100

⇒ rate/100 = 1 - 9/10

⇒ rate = 10%

∴ The yearly rate of depreciation in the value of the article is 10%

Given:

Ramu can complete the work in 10 hours.

Mohan can complete the work in 16 hours.

Concept Used:

Work = Time × Efficiency

Calculation:

Total work = LCM(10, 16) = 80 units

Efficiency of Ramu = 80/10 = 8

Efficiency of Mohan = 80/16 = 5

When they work together, their combined efficiency is:

⇒ 8 + 5 = 13

They work together for 2 hours, so the amount of work they complete is:

⇒ 2 × 13 = 26 units

Remaining work = 80 - 26 = 54 units

Days taken by Ramu complete the remaining work = 54/8 = 6.75 hours

Therefore, Ramu will finish the remaining work in 6.75 hours.

Given:

Speed = 108 km/h

Time = 3 h

Formula:

Distance = Speed × Time

Solution:

The distance covered by the car is 108 × 3 = 324 km.

If the speed is reduced by 27 km/h, the new speed is 108 - 27 = 81 km/h.

The new time taken by the car to cover the same distance is 324/81 = 4 h.

Therefore, the time taken by the car to cover the same distance will be 4 h.

The answer is 4 h.

Given:

Speed on the way out 4 km/h

Speed on the way back: 3 km/h

Formula:

Average speed = 2s1s2/(s1+s2)

Solution:

Average speed = 2s1s2/(s1+s2)

(2 × 4 × 3)/(4 + 3)

3.43 km/h

Therefore, the average speed for the entire journey is 3.43 km/h.

Given:

Rohan divides his journey into three equal parts.

Speed during the first part (v1) = 30 km/h

Speed during the second part (v2) = 40 km/h

Speed during the third part (v3) = 50 km/h

Calculation:

v_avg = 3/(1/30 + 1/40 + 1/50)

Average = (3 × 300)/(10 + 7.5 + 6)

38$\frac {14} {47}$ km/hr

So, the average speed of Rohan's car during his entire journey is  38$\frac {14} {47}$ km/hr.

Calculation:

We can calculate the number taken to complete the work using the formula

Days = y(x + n)/(x + y)

Where x and y are the number of days taken by A and B.

And n is the number of days before A left

Here we have x = 8, y = 24 and n = 4

Hence, days required = 24 × (8 + 4)/(8 + 24)

= 24 × 12/32

= 9 days

∴ Option 3 is the correct answer.

Given:

Thief's initial speed (Vt) = 60 km/h

Police's speed (Vp) = 80 km/h

Time elapsed before police starts (T) = 30 minutes = 0.5 hours

Formula:

Distance (D) = Speed (V) × Time (T)

Solution:

Let the time take by police to catch the thief is t.

t = (60 km/h × 0.5)/(80 km/h - 60 km/h)

t = (30 km/h)/(20 km/h)

t = 3/2 hr

Therefore, the police will take 3/2 hours to catch the thief.

Given:

The difference between compound interest on a sum of Rs.5,750 for one year at the rate of 16% per annum, interest compounded yearly and half yearly.

Concept:

Compound interest

Calculation:

Yearly at the rate of 16% for one year is 16%

Half-yearly = 16/2 = 8%

Compound interest for one year is $\left( {x + y + \frac{{xy}}{{100}}} \right)\%$

Compound interest for one year at 8 % = $\left( {8 + 8 + \frac{{64}}{{100}}} \right)\%$

⇒ 16.64% is the half yearly interest

Difference of yearly and half yearly interest rate

⇒ 16.64% - 16% = 0.64%

Now 0.64% of 5,750

⇒ $\frac{{64}}{{10000}} \times 5750 = 36.80$

Given:

\([ \frac{-4}{7} \div \frac{1}{12}] \div [- \frac{4}{5} \times \big{(-2)-(- \frac{2}{7}) \big} ]\)

Concept used:

Follow the BODMAS rule according to the table given below:

Calculation:

\([ \frac{-4}{7} \div \frac{1}{12}] \div [- \frac{4}{5} \times \big{(-2)-(- \frac{2}{7}) \big} ]\)

⇒ \([ \frac{-4}{7} \times 12] \div [- \frac{4}{5} \times \big{(-2)+(\frac{2}{7}) \big} ]\)

⇒ \([ \frac{-48}{7}] \div [- \frac{4}{5} \times (\frac{-12}{7}) \big} ]\)

⇒ $[ \frac{-48}{7}] \div [ \frac{48}{35} ]$

⇒ $[ \frac{-48}{7}] \times [ \frac{35}{48} ]$

⇒ - 5

Given:

Ratio of volumes of two cones = 3 : 2

Ratio of radii of the two cones = 3 : 4

Formula:

The volume of a cone is given by the formula:

V = (1/3)πr²h

Solution:

Let's assume the radii of the two cones are 3x and 4x, where x is a common factor.

So, the ratio of their radii is 3x : 4x.

The volume of the first cone (V1) can be expressed as:

V1 = (1/3)π(3x)²h1

V1 = (1/3)π9x²h1

The volume of the second cone (V2) can be expressed as:

V2 = (1/3)π(4x)2h1

V2 = (1/3)π16x2h1

Given that the ratio of volumes of the two cones is 3 : 2, we have:

V1/V2 = 3/2

9x​2h1/16x​2h2 = 3/2

h1 / h2 = 48x²/18x​2

h1/h2 = 8/3

Therefore, the ratio of the heights of the two cones is 8 : 3.

Given:

Total number of voters (N) = 90000

Percentage of votes polled = 70%

Percentage of votes in favor of candidate A = 60%

Formula:

Number of votes received by a candidate = (Percentage of votes × Total number of voters) / 100

Solution:

Number of votes polled = (70/100) × 90000

Number of votes polled = 63000

Number of votes in favor of candidate A = (60/100) × 63000

Number of votes in favor of candidate A = 37800

Since there were only two candidates, the remaining votes would be in favor of candidate B.

Number of votes received by candidate B = Total number of votes polled - Number of votes in favor of candidate A

Number of votes received by candidate B = 63000 - 37800

Number of votes received by candidate B = 25200

Therefore, candidate B received 25,200 votes.

Shortcut Trick 60% of polled votes were in favour of A

So, votes received by B = 40% of the polled votes

ATQ, votes received by B = 40% of (70% 0f 90000) = 25200

Shortcut Trick

Relation between Volume (V) and Curved Surface Area (S) of a sphere: V = (r ÷ 3) × S

First, find radius r: r² = S ÷ 4π ⇒ r² = 1386 ÷ (4 × 22/7) = 110.25

⇒ r = √110.25 = 10.5 cm

Now, Volume V = (10.5 ÷ 3) × 1386 = 3.5 × 1386

V = 4851 cm³

∴ The correct answer is 4851 cm³.

Alternate Method

Given:

Curved Surface Area (CSA) of sphere = 1386 cm²

Formula Used:

1. Surface Area of Sphere = 4πr²
2. Volume of Sphere = (4/3)πr³

Calculations:

⇒ 4 × (22/7) × r² = 1386

⇒ r² = (1386 × 7) ÷ (4 × 22)

⇒ r² = (63 × 7) ÷ 4 = 441 ÷ 4

⇒ r = √(441 ÷ 4) = 21 ÷ 2 = 10.5 cm

⇒ Volume = (4/3) × (22/7) × (21/2) × (21/2) × (21/2)

⇒ Volume = (4/3) × (22/7) × (9261/8)

⇒ Volume = 11 × 21 × 21 = 4851 cm³

∴ The correct answer is 4851 cm³.

Additional Information

Surface Area of Hemisphere

Curved Surface Area = 2πr² and Total Surface Area = 3πr².

Volume of Hemisphere

The volume is exactly half of a sphere: V = (2/3)πr³.

Relationship between Radius and Area

If the radius is doubled, the Surface Area becomes 4 times (2²) and the Volume becomes 8 times (2³).

Given:

Container 1 capacity = 20 liters

Container 2 capacity = 36 liters

The ratio of milk to water in container 1 = 3 : 7

The ratio of milk to water in container 2 = 7 : 5

Formula:

The ratio of milk to water can be calculated by dividing the quantity of milk by the quantity of water.

Solution:

Container 1:

Total parts = 3 + 7 = 10 parts

Quantity of milk in container 1 = (3/10) × 20 liters = 6 liters

Quantity of water in container 1 = (7/10) × 20 liters = 14 liters

Container 2:

Total parts = 7 + 5 = 12 parts

Quantity of milk in container 2 = (7/12) × 36 liters = 21 liters

Quantity of water in container 2 = (5/12) × 36 liters = 15 liters

Total quantity of milk = 6 liters + 21 liters = 27 liters

Total quantity of water = 14 liters + 15 liters = 29 liters

Therefore, the ratio of milk to water when the two containers are mixed together is 27 : 29.

Given:

Number to be squared: 28

We need to find the largest number that can exactly divide both 42 and 56.

Formula:

To find the largest number that can exactly divide two given numbers, we need to find their greatest common divisor (GCD).

Solution:

First, let's find the GCD of 42 and 56.

Factors of 42: 1, 2, 3, 6, 7, 14, 21, 42

Factors of 56: 1, 2, 4, 7, 8, 14, 28, 56

Common factors of 42 and 56 are = 1, 2, 7, and 14.

The GCD is 14.

Now, let's calculate the result by dividing the square of 28 by 14.

Result = (28²)/14

Result = 784/14

Result = 56

Therefore, the result is 56.

Shortcut Trick

Effective Discount for 20% and 10% = 20 + 10 − (20 × 10) ÷ 100 = 28%.

Remaining Price after two discounts = 300 × (100 − 28) ÷ 100 = 300 × 0.72 = 216.

Final Cash Price after 5% extra discount = 216 × (100 − 5) ÷ 100 = 216 × 0.95.

Calculation: 216 × 0.95 = 205.20.

∴ The correct answer is Rs. 205.20.

Alternate Method

Given: Marked Price (MP) = Rs. 300, Discounts = 20%, 10%, and 5% (cash).

Formulas: Net SP = MP × (100 − d₁)% × (100 − d₂)% × (100 − d₃)%

⇒ Price after 1^st discount = 300 − (20% of 300) = 300 − 60 = Rs. 240

⇒ Price after 2^nd discount = 240 − (10% of 240) = 240 − 24 = Rs. 216

⇒ Final Cash Price = 216 − (5% of 216) = 216 − 10.80 = Rs. 205.20

∴ The correct answer is Rs. 205.20.

Additional Information

Successive Discounts

When multiple discounts are applied, each subsequent discount is calculated on the reduced price, not the original Marked Price.

Cash Discount

A cash discount is an additional incentive offered to the buyer for immediate payment, applied after all trade discounts.

Shortcut Trick

Initial Price = Rs. 92, Final Price = Rs. 96.5

Price Increase = 96.5 − 92 = Rs. 4.5

Percentage Increase = (Increase ÷ Original Value) × 100

Percentage Increase = (4.5 ÷ 92) × 100 = 450 ÷ 92 ≈ 4.89%

Rounding to the nearest decimal gives 4.9%.

∴ The correct answer is 4.9%.

Alternate Method

Given: Old Price = Rs. 92, New Price = Rs. 96.5

Formulas: Percentage Increase = [(New Price − Old Price) ÷ Old Price] × 100

⇒ Difference in Price = 96.5 − 92 = 4.5

⇒ Percentage Increase = (4.5 ÷ 92) × 100

⇒ Percentage Increase = 450 ÷ 92

⇒ Percentage Increase ≈ 4.8913%

∴ The correct answer is 4.9%.

Additional Information

Percentage Change

It represents the degree of change over time. Formula: [(V_final − V_initial) ÷ |V_initial|] × 100.

Base Value importance

In percentage increase or decrease, the original (initial) value is always taken as the denominator.

Shortcut Trick

The third proportional to any two numbers a and b is given directly by the formula: b² ÷ a.

Here, a = 24 and b = 36.

Third proportional = (36 × 36) ÷ 24

Third proportional = 1296 ÷ 24 = 54

∴ The correct answer is 54.

Alternate Method

Given:

Two numbers: 24 and 36

Formula Used:

If x is the third proportional to a and b, then the ratio is defined as a : b :: b : x

Product of extremes = Product of means

⇒ a × x = b × b

Calculations:

⇒ Let the third proportional be x.

⇒ 24 : 36 = 36 : x

⇒ 24 ÷ 36 = 36 ÷ x

⇒ x = (36 × 36) ÷ 24

⇒ x = 1296 ÷ 24

⇒ x = 54

∴ The correct answer is 54.

Additional Information

Fourth Proportional

If a, b, c, and d are in proportion (a : b :: c : d), then d is called the fourth proportional. Formula: d = (b × c) ÷ a.

Mean Proportional

The mean proportional between two numbers a and b is the square root of their product. Formula: Mean proportional = √(a × b).

Third Proportional

The third proportional to a and b is a value x such that a : b :: b : x. Formula: x = b² ÷ a.

Continued Proportion

Three quantities a, b, and c are in continued proportion if a : b = b : c. Here b is the mean proportional and c is the third proportional.

Given:

A discount of 20%, there is still a gain of 10%.

Formula used:

MP/CP = (100 + profit%)/(100 - discount%)

Calculation:

MP/CP = (100 + profit%)/(100 - discount%)

MP/CP = (110)/(80)

MP/CP = (11)/(8)

According to the question:

11 - 8 = 3

3/8 × 100 = 37.5%

∴ Option 2 is the correct answer.

Given:

Marked price of the sweatshirt = Rs. 2999

Discount percentage = 40%

Formula:

Amount to be paid after discount = Marked price - (Discount percentage × Marked price)/100

Solution:

Substituting the given values into the formula:

2999 - (40/100) × 2999

2999 - (0.4) × 2999

2999 - 1199.6

Rs. 1799.40

Therefore, Harshi paid Rs. 1799.40 after applying the 40% discount on the marked price.

Shortcut Trick

CP₁ = 475 × (100 ÷ 125) = ₹380 & CP₂ = 475 × (100 ÷ 80) = ₹593.75

Total CP = 380 + 593.75 = ₹973.75

Total New SP = 575 × 2 = ₹1150

Gain % = [(1150 − 973.75) ÷ 973.75] × 100

Gain % = (176.25 ÷ 973.75) × 100 ≈ 18%

∴ The correct answer is 18% gain.

Alternate Method

Given:

Selling price of 1^st chair = ₹475, Profit = 25%

Selling price of 2^nd chair = ₹475, Loss = 20%

New selling price of each chair = ₹575

Formula Used:

Cost Price = [SP × 100] ÷ (100 ± Profit/Loss %)

Profit % = [Total Profit ÷ Total Cost Price] × 100

      CP1 = ₹380  +25% Profit  SP1 = ₹475  CP2 = ₹593.75  -20% Loss  SP2 = ₹475   Total CP ₹973.75  New Scenario Gain ≈ 18%  Total New SP ₹1150

Calculations:

⇒ CP of 1^st chair = 475 × (100 ÷ 125) = ₹380

⇒ CP of 2^nd chair = 475 × (100 ÷ 80) = ₹593.75

⇒ Total Cost Price = 380 + 593.75 = ₹973.75

⇒ Total New Selling Price = 575 × 2 = ₹1150

⇒ Total Gain = 1150 − 973.75 = ₹176.25

⇒ Gain % = (176.25 ÷ 973.75) × 100

⇒ Gain % = 18.099% ≈ 18%

∴ The correct answer is 18% gain.

Additional Information

Overall Profit/Loss with Same SP

When two items are sold at the same selling price, one at a profit of x% and the other at a loss of x%, there is always an overall loss given by (x² ÷ 100)%.

Successive Profit/Loss

When an article's price undergoes multiple percentage changes successively, the net effect can be found using the formula: x + y + (xy ÷ 100)%.

Dishonest Dealer

If a trader claims to sell goods at CP but uses false weight, his Profit % = [(True Weight − False Weight) ÷ False Weight] × 100.

The correct answer is 'Option 1' i.e. 'Prefer'.

Key Points

• The word "prefer" means to like (one thing or person) better than another or others; tend to choose.
• In this context, the sentence is indicating a preference for one mode of transportation over another, so "prefer" is the most appropriate choice.

Therefore, the correct sentence is*: We would prefer to travel by train rather than bus due to the poor road conditions in the village.*

Additional Information

• Here's why the other options are incorrect:
• "Assure" - This verb means to tell someone something positively or confidently to dispel any doubts they may have, which does not fit the context of the sentence.
• "Make it" - This phrase can mean to succeed in a specific area, to arrive somewhere, or to manage to do something, but it doesn't express a choice or preference, which is what the sentence requires.
• "Drop" - This verb means to let something fall or to stop doing something, neither of which fits the context of the sentence.

The correct answer is 'Option 4'.

Key Points

• The original sentence "The participants are rehearse their roles." is incorrect because it improperly combines the helping verb "are" with the base form of the verb "rehearse."
• The helping verb "are" should be followed by the present participle form of the verb, which in this case is "rehearsing."

Therefore, the correct sentence is: "The participants are rehearsing their roles."

Additional Information

• Here's why the other options are incorrect:
• "Are rehearsed" - This option changes the verb to a passive form, which is not the intended meaning of the original sentence.
• "Has been rehearsing" - This would be grammatically correct in a different context, but it doesn't match the plural subject "participants." The correct form for a plural subject would be "have been rehearsing."
• "Have rehearse" - This is incorrect because "have" should be followed by a past participle, which in this case would be "rehearsed." However, the present progressive tense "are rehearsing" is more appropriate for the sentence.

The correct answer is 'Option 4' i.e. "Aberration".

Key Points

• The word "aberration" is spelled correctly in the fourth option.
• "Aberration" is a noun that typically refers to a departure from what is normal, usual, or expected, typically an unwelcome one.(विचलन)
• In English, it is often used to refer to something that is not typical or usual, like a sudden action or event that is very different from what usually happens.

Therefore, the correct answer is: 'Aberration'.

The correct answer is 'Option 2' i.e. 'Unconcerned'.

Key Points

• The word "Anxious" is an adjective that describes a feeling of worry, nervousness, or unease about something with an uncertain outcome. (चिंतित" or "उत्साहित".)
• 'Unconcerned' - This word describes a lack of worry or interest. (बेपरवाह)
• It is the opposite of "anxious" because it conveys a lack of worry or nervousness.

Therefore, the correct answer is: 'Unconcerned'.

Additional Information

• The meanings of the other options are:
• Considerate - showing careful thought, especially towards others.(विचारशील)
• Stealthy - behaving or done in a cautious and surreptitious manner, so as not to be seen or heard.(चोरी छिपे)
• Haughty - arrogantly superior and disdainful. (अहंकारी)

The correct answer is 'Option 4'.

Key Points

• The correct spelling for the sentence is: My grandfather planted cauliflower in the garden.
• The word "cauliflower" is a type of vegetable that is spelt as C-A-U-L-I-F-L-O-W-E-R.
• The sentence means that the speaker's grandfather planted cauliflower plants in his garden.

Therefore, the correct answer is: 'My grandfather planted cauliflower in the garden.'

The correct answer is 'Option 3' i.e. 'Refreshen'.

Key Points

• The word 'rejuvenate' means to make someone or something look or feel younger, fresher, or more lively.(नवजीवन देना)
• In this context, the word is used to suggest that music can bring about a sense of renewed energy or vitality in everyone and everything.
• "Refreshen" is a synonym for 'rejuvenate', as it also means to make fresh or revitalized again.

Therefore, the correct answer is: 'Refreshen'.

Additional Information'Modify' means to make changes to something.(संशोधित करना)

'Prosper' means to be successful or flourish(समृद्ध होना)

'Fortify' means to strengthen something, particularly in a defensive way,(मजबूत करना)

The correct answer is 'Option 4'.

Key Points

• The phrase "after one's own heart" is used to describe someone who thinks the same way you do, or has the same tastes or opinions as you.
• It's a way of expressing approval for someone because they remind you of yourself or your values.
• Example- He looked like a man after my own heart.

Therefore, the correct answer is: 'Having likes and dislikes similar to one's own'.

The correct answer is 'Option 3'.

Key Points

• The error in the sentence is in the usage of "have being".
• The correct form should be "have been".
• The verb "have been" is used as the present perfect continuous form and it's used to express an action that started in the past and is still happening now or has recently finished.

So, the correct sentence should be: "Our soldiers have been making a clean sweep of the sheep and poultry on the route."

The correct answer is 'Option 3' i.e. 'Reasonable'.

Key Points

• The word 'absurd' in English means something that is wildly unreasonable, illogical, or inappropriate.(बेतुका)
• The antonym of 'absurd' would be something that is logical, appropriate, or reasonable.
• 'Reasonable' means being in accordance with reason or logic, which is the exact opposite of 'absurd'.(तर्कसंगत)

Therefore, the correct answer is: 'Reasonable'.

Additional Information

• Let's look at the other options:
• 'Facetious' means treating serious issues with deliberately inappropriate humor; flippant. (हंसमुख)
• 'Fundamental' means forming a necessary base or core; of central importance.(मौलिक)
• 'Amazing' means causing great surprise or wonder; astonishing.(आश्चर्यजनक)

The correct answer is 'Option 1' i.e. 'Holy'.

Key Points

• The word 'holy' means dedicated or consecrated to God or a religious purpose; sacred.( 'पवित्र')
• In the context of the sentence, 'holy men' refers to individuals such as priests, monks, or other religious figures who are often associated with respect.

Therefore, the correct sentence is: 'Holy men command respect.'

Additional Information

• Let's look at the other options:
• 'Holey' is not a word in standard English and thus, it is not correct.
• 'Holly' is a type of plant with glossy green leaves and typically red berries. It has no relation to the context of the sentence and is not correct.
• 'Wholly' means entirely or fully. In the context of this sentence, 'wholly men' wouldn't make sense, as 'wholly' is an adverb and can't be used to describe 'men' in this way. It is not correct.

The correct answer is 'Option 4' i.e. 'Lavish'.

Key Points

• 'Sumptuous' means splendid and expensive-looking, and it often refers to meals, accommodations, or decorations that are very luxurious.(आलीशान)
• The word 'lavish' is a synonym for 'sumptuous' as it also means rich, elaborate, or luxurious.(शानदार)

Therefore, the correct answer is: 'Lavish'.

Additional Information

• Let's look at the other options:
• 'Mammoth' refers to something that is enormous in size. (विशाल)
• 'Humble' means modest or lowly.(विनम्र)
• 'Minuscule' means very small,(अत्यल्प)

The correct answer is 'Option 1'.

Key Points

• The phrase 'take stock of' means to assess or review a particular situation, often before making a decision.(मूल्यांकन करना
• It can be used to replace the phrase 'surveys the whole situation' in the given sentence without changing its meaning.

Therefore, the correct sentence is: 'Once in a year, the management of the institute take stock of the whole situation.

Additional Information

• Now let's look at the other options:
• 'Perplexed with' means to be puzzled or confused with something.(भ्रमित होना)
• 'Makes a mark' means to have a significant effect or influence.(प्रभाव डालना)
• 'Comes to the front' means to become prominent or important(सामने आना)

The correct answer is 'beet; beat'.

Key Points

• The sentence has two blanks that require words of similar pronunciation but different meanings and spelling - these are known as homophones. Let's consider each pair separately:
• The first word needs to fit in the context of "My cousin likes ______ root". It's clear that this must be a type of root that is potentially edible, so we're referring to a plant root, specifically "beetroot." Therefore, "beet" fits the context better than "beat."
• The second blank needs to fit in an English idiom: "_______ around the bush." The correct idiom is "beat around the bush", which is used to describe someone who's avoiding the main topic or speaking evasively. Here**, "beat"** is the appropriate word, not "beet."
• Therefore, the correct pair of words for the blanks in this sentence is: beet; beat
• Complete Sentence: "My cousin likes beet root and beat around the bush is one of the idioms in English."

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 3".

The correct answer is 'Option 1' i.e. 'Guilt'.

Key Points

• The correct homonym to fill in the blank is: 'guilt'.
• The word "guilt" refers to the feeling of having done something wrong or having violated a rule, ethical code, or law.
• It is often associated with feelings of regret and remorse.(अपराधभूति)

Therefore, the correct sentence is: 'He confessed about his affairs as the guilt made him sleepless.'

Additional Information

• The other words don't fit in the context of the sentence. Here are their meanings:
• "Gilled" refers to something or someone having gills (breathing organs found in many aquatic organisms). (गिल्लों वाला)
• "Gild" means to cover something with a thin layer of gold or to give an often deceptively attractive or improved appearance to something.(सोने की परत चढ़ाना)
• "Guild" is an organization of people who do the same job or have the same interests. (महाजनसभा)

The correct answer is 'Option 4'.

Key Points

• The most appropriate substitution for the underlined segment in the sentence "The students were boring" is: 'The students were bored'
• Here, the past participle form "bored" is required to indicate the state or feeling of the students as a result of the action (the lecture).
• The original sentence incorrectly used "boring", which is an adjective that would describe the students as being dull or not interesting, which isn't the intended meaning.
• The intended meaning is that the students felt bored (uninterested) during the lecture.

Therefore, the correct sentence is: "He confessed about his affairs as the guilt made him sleepless."

The correct answer is 'Option 3' i.e. 'Should'.

Key Points

• The most appropriate option to fill in blank number 1 is: 'should'
• In this context**, "should"** is used to indicate obligation or duty, advice, or recommendation.
• The sentence is providing advice or recommendation that children should avoid certain types of foods.

Therefore, the correct sentence is: Children especially should avoid such foods or try to reduce intake and instead, eat healthy food for (2)______ growth. Schools can (3)_______ the quality of the food being sold in the canteens and also ensure that the children bring wholesome nutrition food (4)home. (5) should be appointed to check the calories content and food value of food served in the canteens and setting definite tiffin patterns.

Additional Information

• Let's consider other options:
• "Might" - This indicates a possibility or suggestion but doesn't convey the sense of strong recommendation or advice as "should" does.
• "Will" - This is used to indicate future events or certainty, which isn't appropriate here as we're not talking about a certain future event.
• "Shall" - This is typically used in formal or legal contexts to indicate future events, or in first person to express determination. In this context, it's not suitable as the sentence is giving a recommendation or advice, not stating a determination or future certainty.

The correct answer is 'Option 2' i.e. 'Proper'.

Key Points

• The most appropriate option to fill in blank number 2 is: Proper
• In this context, "proper" is used to refer to something that is correct or suitable.
• The sentence is talking about growth, which is a biological process.
• Hence, it makes sense to use "proper," as it signifies correct or healthy development.

Therefore, the correct sentence is: Children especially should avoid such foods or try to reduce intake and instead, eat healthy food for proper growth. Schools can (3)_______ the quality of the food being sold in the canteens and also ensure that the children bring wholesome nutrition food (4)home. (5) should be appointed to check the calories content and food value of food served in the canteens and setting definite tiffin patterns.

Additional Information

• Now, let's consider other options:
• "Elegant" - This adjective often refers to something refined, stylish, or pleasing in appearance. It doesn't fit well in the context of biological growth.
• "Interesting" - This adjective is used to describe something that attracts attention or is fascinating. Using it to describe "growth" would be unusual and doesn't quite fit the context here.
• "Awkward" - This word often refers to something uncomfortable or clumsy. It is definitely not appropriate to use it in the context of describing healthy or normal growth.

The correct answer is 'Option 4' i.e. 'Monitor'.

Key Points

• The most appropriate option to fill in blank number 3 is: 'monitor'
• In this context, "monitor" means to carefully watch, keep track of, or check something over a period of time.
• Schools can be responsible for overseeing the quality of food sold in their canteens.

Therefore, the correct sentence is: Children especially should avoid such foods or try to reduce intake and instead, eat healthy food for proper growth. Schools can monitor the quality of the food being sold in the canteens and also ensure that the children bring wholesome nutrition food (4)home. (5) should be appointed to check the calories content and food value of food served in the canteens and setting definite tiffin patterns.

Additional Information

• Now, let's consider the other options:
• "Allow" - This verb is used to permit or authorize. It doesn't quite fit in this context because the sentence is about schools actively managing or controlling the food quality, not just permitting something.
• "Show" - This verb is used to indicate or demonstrate something. It doesn't make sense in this context because schools are not demonstrating the quality, but checking or ensuring it.
• "Proclaim" - This verb means to announce something officially or publicly. It does not fit in this context because the schools are not making an announcement, they are overseeing food quality.

The correct answer is 'Option 3' i.e. 'From'.

Key Points

• The most appropriate option to fill in blank number 4 is: 'from'
• In this context, "from" is the most appropriate choice because it's used to indicate the source or origin of something.
• So, the children are bringing their nutrition food from their homes.

Therefore, the correct sentence is:  Children especially should avoid such foods or try to reduce intake and instead, eat healthy food for proper growth. Schools can monitor the quality of the food being sold in the canteens and also ensure that the children bring wholesome nutrition food from home. (5)_______ should be appointed to check the calories content and food value of food served in the canteens and setting definite tiffin patterns.

Additional Information

• Now, let's consider the other options:
• "Through" - This preposition is generally used to indicate movement within or among, or continuous progression. It doesn't fit well in this context.
• "With" - This preposition is used to indicate association or accompaniment. It also doesn't fit well in this context.
• "In" - This preposition is generally used to indicate inclusion within space, a place, or limits. It's not correct here because the food isn't within the home; it's coming from the home.

The correct answer is 'Option 2' i.e. 'Dieticians'.

Key Points

• The most appropriate option to fill in blank number 5 is: 'Dieticians'
• In this context, "Dieticians" is the most appropriate choice because dieticians are experts in dietetics; that is, human nutrition and the regulation of diet.
• They can advise people on what to eat in order to lead a healthy lifestyle or achieve a specific health-related goal, which fits perfectly in this context where they are needed to assess the nutritional value of food.

Therefore, the correct sentence is: Children especially should avoid such foods or try to reduce intake and instead, eat healthy food for proper growth. Schools can monitor the quality of the food being sold in the canteens and also ensure that the children bring wholesome nutrition food from home. Dieticians should be appointed to check the calories content and food value of food served in the canteens and setting definite tiffin patterns.

Additional Information

• Now, let's consider the other options:
• "Technicians" - These are professionals in fields that involve complex and intricate tasks. This does not relate to assessing food value.
• "Paediatricians" - These are doctors who manage the health of your child, including physical, behavior, and mental health issues. Though relevant to children, they are not specifically trained to check calories content and food value in meals.
• "Opticians" - These are professionals who design and fit eyeglass lenses, frames, and contact lenses. They have nothing to do with food or nutrition, so this choice is incorrect.

"भर्त्‍सना" शब्‍द का उचित व‍िलोम शब्‍द का प्रयोग व‍िकल्‍प (4) नव्या ने सुमति की बहुत प्रशंसा की। वाक्‍य में किया गया है। 

Key Points

• वाक्‍य- 'नव्या ने सुमति की बहुत भर्त्सना की'
• सही व‍िलोम शब्‍द युक्‍त वाक्‍य- नव्या ने सुमति की बहुत प्रशंसा की।
• भर्त्‍सना का अर्थ- न‍िंंदा
• प्रशंसा का अर्थ- तारीफ
• अन्‍य व‍िकल्‍प असंगत हैं।

Important Points कुछ अन्‍य व‍िलोम शब्‍द- 

Additional Information 

वाक्‍य में रेखांकित शब्‍द करुणा के स्‍थान पर उपयुक्‍त शब्‍द "क्षोभ" है। अन्‍य व‍िकल्‍प असंगत हैं। 

Key Points

• वाक्‍य- भरत को कैकयी की करनी पर करुणा हुई।
• करुणा शब्‍द के स्‍थान पर क्षोभ शब्‍द का प्रयोग करना उचित है।
• करुणा का अर्थ- दया, रहम।
• क्षोभ का अर्थ- खलबली, व्याकुलता।

​अन्‍य व‍िकल्‍प- 

बिना स्वार्थ के कार्य करने वाला "निस्‍वार्थी" कहलाता है। 

Key Points

• निस्‍वार्थी-  बिना स्वार्थ के कार्य करने वाला।
• अन्‍य व‍िकल्‍प असंगत हैं।

अन्‍य व‍िकल्‍प- 

Important Points 

Additional Information 

र‍िक्‍त स्‍थान की पूर्ति के ल‍िए एकार्थी शब्‍द-युग्‍म "अभय - उभय" है। अन्‍य व‍िकल्‍प असंगत हैं। 

Key Points

• वाक्‍य- साहसी व्यक्ति अभय हो जाता है। कछुआ उभय -चर जीव है।
• अभय का अर्थ- भय का अभाव, निर्भयता।
• उभयचर का अर्थ- जल और थल दोनों में रहने वाला।​

Additional Information

• देश में बढ़ता भ्रष्‍टाचार घोर चिन्‍ता का विषय है।
• हमने दर्शक दीर्घा में बैठकर संसद की कार्यवाही देखी।
• ईश्‍वर तुम्‍हारा कल्‍याण करें।

सही उत्तर "लाभ के बदले हानि" है। अन्‍य व‍िकल्‍प असंगत हैं। 

Key Points

Important Points कुछ महत्‍वपूर्ण मुहावरे- 

Additional Information