SSC GD Constable (2022) Official Paper (Held On : 11 Jan 2023 Shift 1) (Previous Year Paper)

Given: Six people U, V, W, X, Y, and Z are sitting in a circle facing opposite to the centre.

1. U is sitting third to the right of Y.

2. W is sitting to the immediate left of U.

3. W is sitting third to the left of V.

4. Z is not sitting next to U.

And, X will sit on the remaining position.

So, 'Z' is sitting between W and Y.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 1".

The correct dictionary order for the give words are:

1. kind

2. kindle

3. king

4. kite

5. knit

So, the correct sequence is '1, 5, 4, 2, 3'.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 1".

The logic followed here is:

So, 'ZEOS' will replace the question mark in the given series.

Hence, the correct answer is "ZEOS".

Given Statements:

All bags are rubber.

Some rubber are chairs.

All chairs are tables.

The least possible Venn diagram for the given statement is:

Conclusions:

I. Some rubber are bags - True (All bags are rubber also gives some rubber are bags).

II. Some chairs are rubber - True (Some rubber are chairs also gives Some chairs are rubber).

III. Some chairs are tables - True (All chairs are tables also gives some chairs are tables)

So, All conclusions follow.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 3".

Given equation: 144 - 12 + 18 × 6 ÷ 24 = 96.

BODMAS Table: 

Let's check each option one by one.

Option 1) - and ÷

Given: 144 - 12 + 18 × 6 ÷ 24 = 96

After interchanging the numbers we get;

⇒ 144 ÷ 12 + 18 × 6 - 24 = 96

⇒ 12 + 18 × 6 - 24 = 96 

⇒ 12 + 108 - 24 = 96 

⇒ 120 - 24 = 96

⇒ 96 = 96

⇒ LHS = RHS

Option 2) - and ×

Given: 144 - 12 + 18 × 6 ÷ 24 = 96

After interchanging the numbers we get;

⇒ 144 × 12 + 18 - 6 ÷ 24 = 96

⇒ 144 × 12 + 18 - 0.25 = 96

⇒ 1728 + 18 - 0.25 = 96

⇒ 1746 - 0.25 = 96

⇒ 1745.75 ≠ 96

⇒ LHS ≠ RHS

Option 3) × and ÷

Given: 144 - 12 + 18 × 6 ÷ 24 = 96

After interchanging the numbers we get;

⇒ 144 - 12 + 18 ÷ 6 × 24 = 96 

⇒ 144 - 12 + 3 × 24 = 96 

⇒ 144 - 12 + 72 = 96 

⇒ 216 - 12 = 96

⇒ 204 ≠ 96

⇒ LHS ≠ RHS

Option 4) - and +

Given: 144 - 12 + 18 × 6 ÷ 24 = 96

After interchanging the numbers we get;

⇒ 144 + 12 - 18 × 6 ÷ 24 = 96

⇒ 144 + 12 - 18 × 0.25 = 96

⇒ 144 + 12 - 4.5 = 96

⇒ 156 - 4.5 = 96

⇒ 151.5 ≠ 96

⇒ LHS ≠ RHS

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 1".

Family Chart:

Decoding the Symbols:

 

Given: A & B % C + D – E

It means: B is the wife of A, C is the daughter of B, D is the brother of C, E is the sister of D.

Here, E is the 'Daughter' of A.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 3".

Given: Seven friends are sitting around a circular table facing the centre.

1) S is sitting immediate right of K.

2. T is an immediate neighbour of K and U. 

3. W is an immediate neighbour of U and M.

So, 'W' is sitting third to the left of K.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 1".

The logic followed here is:

So, '210' will complete the series.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 4".

Alternate Method The other logic followed here is:

For find the opposite surface of '2', we need to compare the common surface in the given dices,

Now, '2' and '5' is the common number given in Dice 1 and Dice 3, 

So, From Dice 1 and Dice 3,

From, Dice 1 and 3, we get: 4 is the opposite number of 6.

And, '2' and '6' is the common number given in Dice 2 and Dice 3, 

So, From Dice 2 and Dice 3,

 

From, Dice 2 and 3, we get: 1 is the opposite number of 5.

So, the remaining '3' will be the opposite number of '2'.

Hence, the correct answer is "3".

The logic followed here is:

Logic: The images are rotated 45 degree in the clockwise direction to get the next image.

 

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 3".

The logic followed here is:

Logic: The second word is a component or part of the first word.

Here,

Kite : Claw → A claw is a component of a kite. (Claw here refers to the claw or hook used to attach the kite string to the kite.)

Similarly,

Horse : Hoof → Hoof is a component of a horse.

Hence, the correct answer is "Hoof".

The logic followed here is:

For, 'GHOST’ is written as ‘JCRNW',

For, 'FIRED’ is written as ‘IDUZG',

Similarly, for 'RIFLE'

So, 'RIFLE' is coded as 'UDIGH'.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 1".

The logic followed here is:

For, PAE : HCQ

For, ESH: KUF

Similarly, for FDN : ?

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 1".

The logic followed here is:

So, 'WDEK' will replace the question mark in the given series.

Hence, the correct answer is "WDEK".

The correct mirror image is shown below:

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 1".

The logic followed here is:

For consonant letters, we have to add 1.

For vowel letters, we have to subtract 1.

For, 'SLOWLY’ is written as ‘TMNXMZ',

For, 'FRIEND’ is written as ‘ GSHDOE',

Similarly, for 'BORING'

So, 'BORING' will be written as 'CNSHOH'.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 2".

Mistake PointsDo not add or subtract value in any pattern of numbers. As per the logic, add 1 or subtract 1 if the letter is a consonant or a vowel respectively.

So, Pattern may look absurd but it is absolutely correct as per the given logic.

The image embedded in given figure is as shown below:

 

Hence, "Option 2" is the correct answer.

The logic followed here is:

So, '61256' will complete the series.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 1".

The logic followed here is:

Logic: (1st number + 3rd number) × 3 = 2nd number.

Now,

For (11, 78, 15)

→ (11 + 15) × 3

→ 26 × 3 = 78.

For (12, 90, 18)

→ (12 + 18) × 3

→ 30 × 3 = 90.

Similarly, for (13, 96, 19)

→ (13 + 19) × 3

→ 32 × 3 = 96.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 3".

Given equation: 10 * 18 * 19 * 2 * 1 * 217.

BODMAS Table: 

Let's check each option one by one.

Option 1) ×, +, ×, +, =

Given: 10 * 18 * 19 * 2 * 1 * 217

After replacing the * signs we get;

⇒ 10 × 18 + 19 × 2 + 1 = 217

⇒ 180 + 38 + 1 = 217

⇒ 219 ≠ 217

⇒ LHS ≠ RHS

Option 2) ×, +, ×, −, =

Given: 10 * 18 * 19 * 2 * 1 * 217

After replacing the * signs we get;

⇒ 10 × 18 + 19 × 2 - 1 = 217

⇒ 180 + 38 - 1 = 217

⇒ 218 – 1 = 217

⇒ 217 = 217

⇒ LHS = RHS

Option 3) ×, +, −, −, =

Given: 10 * 18 * 19 * 2 * 1 * 217

After replacing the * signs we get;

⇒ 10 × 18 + 19 - 2 - 1 = 217

⇒ 180 + 19 - 2 - 1 = 217

⇒ 199 - 2 - 1 = 217

⇒ 199 - 3 = 217

⇒ 196 ≠ 217

⇒ LHS ≠ RHS

Option 4) +, +, ×, −, = 

Given: 10 * 18 * 19 * 2 * 1 * 217

After replacing the * signs we get;

⇒ 10 + 18 + 19 × 2 - 1 = 217

⇒ 10 + 18 + 38 - 1 = 217

⇒ 66 - 1 = 217

⇒ 65 ≠ 217

⇒ LHS ≠ RHS

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 2".

The correct answer is Option 2. 

Key Points

• The Government of India has recently sanctioned a new Central Sector Scheme called the "National Beekeeping & Honey Mission (NBHM)" for a duration of two years.
• The primary objective of this mission is to promote and develop scientific beekeeping on a nationwide scale, with the ultimate goal of sparking a "Sweet Revolution" in the country.
• The mission will focus on various key aspects such as capacity building, training programs, empowering women in beekeeping, providing input support for production, establishing Integrated Beekeeping Development Centres (IBDCs) and other necessary infrastructures, facilitating digitization and online registration processes, promoting processing and value addition, and extending market support.
• The scheme aims to encompass all these elements to foster the growth and advancement of beekeeping in India.

The correct answer is Option 1. 

Key Points

• Jet streams are narrow bands of strong high-altitude winds that flow in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere, typically between 9 to 16 kilometers (5.5 to 10 miles) above the Earth's surface.
• They are characterized by high wind speeds, often exceeding 100 kilometers per hour (60 miles per hour), and have a significant impact on weather patterns.
• The jet streams are predominantly westerly winds, meaning they flow from west to east.
• They are caused by the temperature contrast between the polar regions and the equator.
• The temperature difference creates a pressure gradient, and the Coriolis effect further influences the wind patterns, leading to the formation of jet streams.
• The speed of jet streams can vary depending on the season and location.

Additional Information 

• Whirlwind:
• A whirlwind is a weather phenomenon characterized by a rotating column of air.
• Whirlwinds can occur at various scales, from small tornado-like vortices to larger dust devils.
• Derecho:
• A derecho is a widespread and long-lived severe weather event characterized by a straight-line windstorm.
• It typically forms along the leading edge of a rapidly moving thunderstorm complex, known as a squall line
• Hurricane:
• A hurricane is a large tropical cyclone with organized thunderstorms and sustained winds of at least 119 km/h (74 mph).
• Hurricanes form over warm ocean waters and are characterized by a well-defined eye at the center, surrounded by a rotating system of rainbands.

The correct answer is Option 4. 

Key Points

• India launched its First Five-Year Plan in 1951.
• The plan was formulated by the Planning Commission, which was set up by the Government of India in 1950 to formulate and implement economic policies and development plans.
• The First Five-Year Plan aimed to achieve rapid industrialization and economic growth in India.
• The plan focused on agriculture, irrigation, power, transport, and communication sectors, which were considered crucial for the overall development of the country.

Additional Information

• The objectives of the First Five-Year Plan were:
• Increase agricultural production and achieve food self-sufficiency
• Develop basic infrastructure like roads, railways, and ports
• Expand and modernize industries, particularly in the manufacturing sector
• Reduce unemployment and poverty
• Improve living standards and social welfare
• Enhance education and healthcare facilities
• The plan emphasized the importance of public investment and the role of the government in driving economic development
• It aimed to allocate resources efficiently, promote balanced regional development, and reduce income disparities

The correct answer is Option 2, 

Key Points

• Sonal Mansingh, an eminent Indian classical dancer, was indeed the youngest recipient of the Padma Vibhushan in 2003.
• She received this prestigious award for her significant contributions to the field of dance.

Additional Information

• Uday Shankar:
• Uday Shankar was an influential Indian dancer and choreographer.
• He is considered one of the pioneers of modern Indian dance.
• While he received numerous accolades for his contributions to the field of dance, including the Padma Shri in 1954, the Padma Vibhushan, which is the second-highest civilian award in India, was not conferred upon him in 2003.
• Pandit Birju Maharaj:
• Pandit Birju Maharaj is a celebrated Kathak dancer and choreographer in India.
• He comes from a lineage of distinguished Kathak dancers and has played a crucial role in popularizing this classical dance form worldwide. While Pandit Birju Maharaj has received numerous accolades, including the Padma Vibhushan, he did not receive it in 2003.
• Kelucharan Mohapatra:
• Kelucharan Mohapatra was a renowned Odissi dancer and guru.
• He played a crucial role in reviving and popularizing the Odissi dance form.
• While he received many prestigious awards during his lifetime, including the Padma Vibhushan, it was not conferred upon him in 2003.

The correct answer is Option 2. 

Key Points

• CaCO3:
• This is the correct chemical formula for Calcium Carbonate.
• It consists of one calcium ion (Ca2+) bonded to one carbonate ion (CO32-).
• Calcium carbonate is a naturally occurring compound and is the main component of minerals such as limestone, marble, and chalk.
• It is widely used in industries such as construction, manufacturing, agriculture, and as a dietary supplement.

Additional Information

• CaSO4:
• This is the chemical formula for Calcium Sulfate.
• It consists of one calcium ion (Ca2+) bonded to one sulfate ion (SO42-).
• Calcium sulfate is commonly found as the mineral gypsum and is used in various applications, including construction materials and as a food additive.
• CaO:
• This is the chemical formula for Calcium Oxide, also known as quicklime or burnt lime.
• It consists of one calcium ion (Ca2+) bonded to one oxygen ion (O2-).
• Calcium oxide is a white, caustic, alkaline crystalline solid.
• It is commonly used in various applications, including as a desiccant, in cement production, and as a component in certain chemical processes.

The correct answer is Option 3. 

Key Points

• Vitamin B1:
• Vitamin B1 is also known as Thiamin, as mentioned earlier.
• It is an essential vitamin that is necessary for the metabolism of carbohydrates into energy.
• Thiamin also plays a crucial role in nerve function, muscle function, and the proper functioning of the heart.
• It is important for maintaining a healthy nervous system and overall energy production in the body.

Additional Information

• Vitamin B2:
• Vitamin B2 is also known as Riboflavin.
• It is an essential vitamin that plays a crucial role in energy production, metabolism of fats, carbohydrates, and proteins, and maintenance of healthy skin, eyes, and nervous system.
• It is involved in the conversion of food into energy and acts as an antioxidant in the body.
• Vitamin B3:
• Vitamin B3 is also known as Niacin.
• It is an important nutrient that helps the body convert food into energy, metabolize fats and proteins, and maintain healthy skin, nerves, and digestive system.
• Niacin is also known for its role in cholesterol regulation and is often used to treat high cholesterol levels.
• Vitamin B12:
• Vitamin B12, also known as Cobalamin, is a water-soluble vitamin that is essential for the formation of red blood cells, neurological function, and DNA synthesis.
• It is primarily found in animal-based foods, and deficiency in B12 can lead to anemia and neurological problems.
• Vitamin B12 is important for maintaining healthy blood cells and supporting the proper functioning of the nervous system.

The correct answer is Option 4. 

Key Points

• BD Mishra on October 4 took oath as the new governor of Meghalaya at a function in the Raj Bhavan in Shillong.
• BD Mishra, the former brigadier of the Indian Army, has been serving as the Arunachal Pradesh governor since 2017.
• He has been given the additional charge of neighbouring Meghalaya.
• He succeeded Satya Pal Malik who completed his term as the Meghalaya governor on October 3.
• Assembly Speaker Metbah Lyngdoh and senior cabinet ministers were present at the function.

Additional Information

• Unlike many Indian states**, Meghalaya** has historically followed a matrilineal system where the lineage and inheritance are traced through women; the youngest daughter inherits all wealth and she also takes care of her parents.
• The state is the wettest region of India, with the wettest areas in the southern Khasi Hills recording an average of 12,000 mm of rain a year.

The correct answer is Option 1. 

Key Points

• The Gandhi-Irwin Pact, also known as the Delhi Pact, was signed on March 5, 1931.
• It was an agreement between Mahatma Gandhi, the leader of the Indian National Congress, and Lord Irwin, the then Viceroy of India, representing the British government.
• The pact marked a significant step in India's struggle for independence from British rule and initiated a dialogue between the Indian National Congress and the British government.

​

Additional Information

• During the Gandhi era, which spanned roughly from the early 1910s to the mid-1940s, Gandhi led several major movements and campaigns against British rule.
• His most notable contributions include:
• Champaran and Kheda Satyagraha: In 1917, Gandhi launched his first successful Satyagraha campaign in Champaran, Bihar, to protest against the oppressive indigo plantation system.
• The Ahmedabad mill strike 1918- involved mill workers demanding a 22% increase in wages. The strike gained widespread attention and support. After prolonged negotiations, the mill owners agreed to a wage increase of 35% for the workers, which was higher than the initial demand.
• Noncooperation Movement: In 1920, Gandhi initiated the Noncooperation Movement, calling for Indians to boycott British institutions and goods.
• Salt March: In 1930, Gandhi undertook the famous Salt March (also known as the Dandi March) as a protest against the British salt monopoly.
• Quit India Movement: In 1942, Gandhi launched the Quit India Movement, demanding an end to British rule in India.
• Gandhi's leadership and philosophy of nonviolence inspired millions of Indians to join the freedom struggle. He advocated for social and economic reforms, gender equality, communal harmony, and the eradication of untouchability.
• The Gandhi era culminated in India's independence on August 15, 1947.

The correct answer is Option 1. 

 Key Points

• A budget document that deals with the revenue receipts (income) and revenue expenditure (expenses) of the government for a specific financial year is called the "Revenue budget."
• It focuses on the day-to-day operations and expenses of the government, including items such as salaries, subsidies, maintenance costs, and other operational expenses.
• The revenue budget does not include capital expenditures or long-term investments, which are covered in the capital budget.
• The term "Zero budget" refers to a budgeting approach where each expense must be justified, starting from zero, rather than using past budgets as a reference.
• A "Long term budget" typically refers to a budget that covers an extended period, often several years.

The correct answer is Option 3. 

Key Points

• The Constitution of India has 395 articles contained in 22 parts.
• It also has 12 schedules.
• Since its adoption in 26 November, 1949, the constitution has been amended for about 103 times.
• The total number of Amendment Bills that have been introduced till now in parliament is 126.

​

Additional Information

• The Indian Constitution is the supreme law of India.
• It was adopted by the Constituent Assembly of India on 26th November 1949 and came into effect on 26th January 1950, replacing the Government of India Act (1935) as the governing document of India.
• Here are some basic features and principles of the Indian Constitution:
• Preamble: The Constitution begins with a Preamble that outlines the ideals and objectives of the Indian Constitution, including justice, liberty, equality, and fraternity.
• Federal System with Unitary Features: India follows a federal system of government, where power is divided between the central government and the states.
• Parliamentary System: India has a parliamentary form of government, where the President is the head of state, and the Prime Minister is the head of government.
• Fundamental Rights: The Constitution guarantees certain fundamental rights to all citizens of India, such as the right to equality, right to freedom of speech and expression, right to protection from discrimination, right to life and personal liberty, and right to constitutional remedies.
• Directive Principles of State Policy: The Constitution includes a set of Directive Principles of State Policy, which are non-justiciable in nature.
• Fundamental Duties: The Constitution also lays down certain fundamental duties of citizens, which include respecting the Constitution, promoting harmony, safeguarding public property, and preserving the country's heritage.
• Independent Judiciary: India has an independent judiciary, which acts as the guardian of the Constitution.
• Secularism: The Indian Constitution declares India as a secular nation, ensuring equal treatment of all religions.
• Universal Adult Franchise: The Constitution provides for universal adult suffrage, granting every citizen above the age of 18 the right to vote, regardless of gender, caste, religion, or socioeconomic status.
• Amendments: The Constitution provides a mechanism for its amendment to adapt to changing circumstances.

The correct answer is Dharmendra Pradhan.

Key Points

• Dharmendra Pradhan is the present Education Minister of India.
• Dharmendra Pradhan is an Indian politician serving as the Minister of Education and Minister of Skill Development and Entrepreneurship in the Government of India.
• He has also been the Minister of Petroleum & Natural Gas and Minister of Steel.

Additional Information

Important Cabinet Ministers:

The correct answer is Puducherry.

Key Points

• Puducherry has the highest sex ratio of 1037 females to every 1000 males.
• As per the 2011 census, India has 943 females per 1000 males.
• Puducherry:
• Puducherry, a French colonial settlement in India until 1954, is now a Union Territory town bounded by the southeastern Tamil Nadu state.
• Pondicherry is synonymous with the Aurobindo Ashram, founded by Sri Aurobindo and Mirra Alfassa in 1926.​

Additional Information

• The top five states/Union territories which have the highest sex ratio are-
• Kerela (1,084)
• Puducherry (1,038),
• Tamil Nadu (995),
• Andhra Pradesh (992) and
• Chhattisgarh (991).
• The five Union territories which have the lowest sex ratio are:
• Daman & Diu (618),
• Dadra & Nagar Haveli (775),
• Chandigarh (818),
• NCT of Delhi (866) and
• Andaman & Nicobar Islands (878).

The correct answer is Bestu Varsh.

Key Points

• Gujarati New Year or Bestu Varsh was celebrated on 26 October 2022.
• The Gujarati New Year is also known as Vikram Sanvat 2079.
• Homes are decorated with Asopalav torans and marigold flowers.
• On this auspicious day, businessmen and traders start their new account books after closing the old ones.

Additional Information

The correct answer is Sugar cane.

Key Points

• Sugar cane is the primary raw material for the sugar industry.
• Sugar cane is a tropical, perennial grass that forms lateral shoots at the base to produce multiple stems, typically three to four meters high and about five cm in diameter.
• Its composition varies depending upon the climate, soil type, irrigation, fertilizers, insects, disease control, varieties, and the harvest period.

Additional Information

• Sugar cane cultivation requires a tropical or subtropical climate, with a minimum of 60 cm (24 in) of annual moisture.
• It is one of the most efficient photosynthesizers in the plant kingdom. It is a C4 plant, able to convert up to 1% of incident solar energy into biomass.
• In prime growing regions, such as Mauritius, Dominican Republic, Puerto Rico, India, Guyana, Indonesia, Pakistan, Peru, Brazil, Bolivia, Colombia, Australia, Ecuador, Cuba, the Philippines, El Salvador, and Hawaii, sugar cane crops can produce over 15% of the total world's sugar production.
• Other important sugar crops include sugar beet, sweet sorghum, honey, and corn sugar.
• The types of sugar used today are white sugar (fully refined sugar), composed of clear, colorless or crystal fragments; or brown sugar, which is less fully refined and contains a greater amount of treacle residue.

The correct answer is Sattriya.

Key Points

• The great Assamese reformer and Vaishnava saint Mahapurusha Sankaradeva established the Sattriya dancing style in the 15th century A.D. as a potent means of spreading the Vaishnava religion.
• It is one of India's eight classical dance genres.
• Sankaradeva created this dance style by fusing ideas from numerous treatises with popular dance styles, regional folk dances, and his own unique perspective.
• The Sattriya dance is a blatant example of how the former influenced the latter.
• Bihu, Bodos, and other Assamese folk dances are other clearly discernible influences on Sattriya dance.
• These dancing styles have very similar hand movements and rhythmic syllables.

Additional Information

The correct answer is Kolkata.

Key Points

• Established on 15th August 1889, Mohun Bagan Athletic Club is one of the oldest clubs in India & Asia.
• It is situated in Kolkata.
• It created history in 1911 by becoming the first Indian team to win IFA Shield, an event that has been closely linked with Indian nationalism.
• Mohun Bagan football team has won National League/I-League five times and Federation Cup a record fourteen times.
• The club also has a rich history in other sports like cricket and hockey.

Additional Information

• Football:
• Team members - 11 per side
• Highest governing body - FIFA
• Nicknames
• ​World Game
• The Beautiful Game

The correct answer is Qatar.

Key Points

• FIFA World Cup 2022 played from 21 November 2022 to 18 December 2022 in Qatar.
• There is a total of 32 teams participated in World Cup.
• The 2022 FIFA World Cup (international men’s football championship) is organized in Arab countries for the first time.
• The first and opening match of the FIFA World Cup is played at Al Bayt Stadium.
• The FIFA World Cup final match was held on 18 December 2022 at the Lusail Iconic Stadium.

Additional Information

• Argentina lifted the FIFA World Cup Football title for the third time, after beating defending Champion France 4-2 on penalties following a dramatic 3-3 draw in extra time in one of the most thrilling finals at the Lusail Iconic Stadium in Qatar.
• Lionel Messi clinched the Golden Ball award for the best player at the Fifa World Cup 2022 while Mbappe took the golden boot for being the top goal-scorer and Argentina's Emiliano Martinez won the Golden Glove for being the best goalkeeper.
• Lionel Messi and Kylian Mbappe came into the final with 5 goals each.
• But the 23-year-old France forward finished the tournament with eight goals after the first World Cup Final hat-trick since 1966.
• Kylian Mbappé technically becomes France’s first-ever Golden Boot winner.
• Just Fontaine led the scoring at the 1958 World Cup with a record 13 goals, but the Golden Boot, originally the Golden Shoe wasn’t officially introduced until 1982.

The correct answer is Impeachment.

Key Points

• The removal of India’s President is done through the process of Impeachment.
• Article 61 of the Indian constitution provides the procedure of impeachment of the President.​

Additional Information

• President can be impeached for violation of the Constitution.
• The impeachment can be initiated in any house i.e. Upper house or lower house of the Parliament.
• The charges on the president for impeachment should be signed by one-fourth of members of the House.
• A 14-day prior notice is required to be given to the President.
• The resolution of impeachment must be passed with a majority of two-thirds of both the houses to remove the President from his office.
• The President shall be considered removed from the date on which the resolution is passed in both houses.

The correct answer is Seleucus Nicator.

Key Points

• Megasthenes was a Greek Diplomat, Historian, and ethnographer whose extensive writings about the cultures of India gave an insight into the lives of ancient Indians during the rule of Chandragupta Maurya.
• Seleucid-Mauryan War around 305 BC, Megasthenes became an ambassador for Seleucus I to the court of Chandragupta Maurya in Pataliputra.
• The compilation of Megasthenes’ work is known as Indica.
• According to the writings of the Greek diplomat Megasthenes, Pataliputra, is the capital surrounded by a wooden wall pierced by 64 gates and 570 towers that rivaled the splendors of contemporaneous Persian sites such as Susa and Ecbatana.

Important Points 

• The capital of the Maurya empire was Patliputra.
• The founder of the Maurya empire was Chandragupta Maurya.
• Chandragupta, with the help of an intelligent and politically astute Brahmin, Kautilya usurped the throne by defeating Dhana Nanda in 321 BC.
• His reign lasted from 321 BC to 297 BC.
• He abdicated the throne in favor of his son, Bindusara, and went to Karnataka with Jain monk Bhadrabahu. He had embraced Jainism and is said to have starved himself to death according to the Jain tradition at Shravanabelagola.

Additional Information

• Amyntas II: Was a king of Macedonia (Ancient Greece) unrelated to Megasthenes' mission to India.
• Amyntas III: Another Macedonian king, known for his struggles against Illyrian and Thracian invaders but had no direct connection with Chandragupta Maurya or Megasthenes.
• Phillip II: The father of Alexander the Great and a significant figure in Macedonian history, but he lived before Megasthenes' time and thus did not send him to India.

The correct answer is Division of land.

Key Points

• The right of inheritance, specifically in the context of land or property, often leads to the division of land among heirs.
• Inheritance laws differ across countries and cultures, but the common principle is the passing of property, rights, obligations, debts, and even titles upon the death of an individual.
• The division of land can sometimes lead to fragmentation, creating smaller and potentially less productive plots.
• This can have significant implications for agricultural practices and rural development.

Additional Information

• There are various forms of inheritance, including primogeniture (where the eldest son inherits everything), ultimogeniture (where the youngest son inherits everything), and partible inheritance (where the property is divided among heirs).
• In some cases, laws have been enacted to prevent excessive fragmentation of agricultural land.
• For example, in India, the Land Ceiling Act sets a maximum size for agricultural holdings and prohibits their further subdivision. While the division of land is the most direct outcome of inheritance, it can indirectly contribute to other issues such as land disputes and, in some cases, may influence land use and contribute to environmental concerns.

Shortcut Trick

Rate of depreciation = 8% = 2/25

Multiplication factor for 1 year = (25 − 2)/25 = 23/25

Price after 3 years = 46875 × (23/25) × (23/25) × (23/25)

Price after 3 years = 46875 × 12167 / 15625 = 3 × 12167 = 36501

∴ The correct answer is Rs. 36,501.

Alternate Method

Given:

Initial Price (P) = Rs. 46,875

Rate of depreciation (R) = 8% yearly

Time (n) = 3 years

Formula Used:

Final Value = P × (1 − R/100)ⁿ

Calculations:

⇒ Final Value = 46875 × (1 − 8/100)³

⇒ Final Value = 46875 × (92/100)³

⇒ Final Value = 46875 × (23/25)³

⇒ Final Value = 46875 × (12167 / 15625)

⇒ Final Value = 3 × 12167

⇒ Final Value = 36501

∴ The correct answer is Rs. 36,501.

Additional Information

Depreciation Concept

Depreciation is the reduction in the value of an asset over time. The formula used is similar to compound interest but with a minus sign: V = P(1 − R/100)ⁿ.

Appreciation / Growth

If the value increases (like population growth), the formula used is V = P(1 + R/100)ⁿ.

Successive Percentage Change

For two years of depreciation at R₁% and R₂%, the effective net decrease is (R₁ + R₂ − R₁R₂/100)%.

Given:

Distance covered on the first day = 240 km

Time taken on the first day = 6 hours

Distance covered on the second day = 360 km

Time taken on the second day = 8 hours

Distance covered on the third day = 450 km

Time taken on the third day = 6 hours

Concept used:

To find the average distance per hour covered by him in 3 days, we divide the total distance covered by the total time taken.

Formula used:

Average speed = Total distance / Total time

Calculation:

⇒ Total distance covered = 240 km + 360 km + 450 km = 1050 km

⇒ Total time taken = 6 hours + 8 hours + 6 hours = 20 hours

⇒ Average distance per hour = Total distance covered / Total time taken

⇒ Average distance per hour = 1050 / 20 

⇒ Average distance per hour = 52.5

Therefore, the average distance per hour covered by him in 3 days is 52.5

Shortcut Trick

Increased price = (Total Expenditure × % Increase) ÷ Reduction in Quantity

Increased price = (200 × 25%) ÷ 5

Increased price = 50 ÷ 5 = ₹10

∴ The correct answer is ₹10 per kg.

Alternate Method

Given:

Total Expenditure = ₹200

Price increase = 25%

Quantity decrease = 5 kg

Calculations:

⇒ Price ratio (Old : New) = 100 : 125 = 4 : 5

⇒ Since Expenditure is constant, Quantity ratio = 5 : 4

⇒ Difference in quantity units = 5 − 4 = 1 unit

⇒ 1 unit = 5 kg

⇒ New quantity = 4 units = 4 × 5 = 20 kg

⇒ Increased price = Total Expenditure ÷ New quantity

⇒ Increased price = 200 ÷ 20 = ₹10

∴ The correct answer is ₹10 per kg.

Additional Information

Price-Consumption Relationship

When expenditure is constant, price is inversely proportional to consumption. If price increases by x%, consumption must decrease by [x/(100+x)] × 100%.

Original Price Formula

Original Price = [Price Change % × Total Rupees] ÷ [Quantity Change × (100 ± Price Change %)].

Percentage Change

A 25% increase is equivalent to a fraction increase of 1/4. To keep the product constant, the other factor must decrease by 1/(4+1) = 1/5 or 20%.

Given:

First part of the journey: Distance = 600 km, Speed = 50 km/h

Second part of the journey: Distance = 100 km, Speed = 100 km/h

Third part of the journey: Distance = 50 km, Speed = 25 km/h

Concept Used:

Average speed = Total distance / Total time

Calculation:

First, we calculate the time for each part of the journey:

⇒ Time = Distance / Speed = 600 / 50 = 12 hours

⇒ Time = Distance / Speed = 100 / 100 = 1 hour

⇒ Time = Distance / Speed = 50 / 25 = 2 hours

Then we add up the total distance and total time:

⇒ Total distance = 600 km + 100 km + 50 km = 750 km

⇒ Total time = 12 hours + 1 hour + 2 hours = 15 hours

Finally, we use the formula for average speed:

⇒ Average speed = Total distance / Total time = 750 km / 15 hours = 50 km/h

Therefore, the average speed during the whole journey is 50 km/h.

Given:

Number of female members = 90, Average age of female members = 35 years

Number of male members = 60, Average age of male members = 45 years

Concept Used:

Average age = Total age / Number of people

Calculation:

First, calculate the total age of female members and male members:

⇒ Total age of female members = Number of female members × Average age = 90 × 35 = 3150 years

⇒ Total age of male members = Number of male members × Average age = 60 × 45 = 2700 years

⇒ Then, add up the total age and the total number of members:

⇒ Total age = Total age of female members + Total age of male members = 3150 years + 2700 years = 5850 years

⇒ Total members = Number of female members + Number of male members = 90 + 60 = 150

Finally, use the formula for average age:

⇒ Average age = Total age / Total members = 5850 / 150 = 39 years

Therefore, the average age of the club is 39 years.

Given:

The difference between the two numbers is 15% of their sum.

Concept Used:

Ratio and percentages

Calculation:

Let the numbers be a and b (where a > b). According to the problem,

⇒ a - b = 0.15 × (a + b)

Solve for a/b (the ratio of the larger number to the smaller one):

⇒ a/b = (1 + 0.15) / (1 - 0.15)

⇒ a/b = 1.15 / 0.85

⇒ a/b = 23/17

For the ratio of the smaller number to the larger number, we need to take the reciprocal:

⇒ b/a = 17/23

So, the ratio of the smaller number to the larger number is 17:23.

Given:

Radius (r) of the cone = 5 cm

Slant height (l) of the cone = 16 cm

Concept Used:

The formula for the total surface area (A) of a cone is given by:

A = πr(l + r)

Calculation:

Now, substitute the given values into the formula:

⇒ A = π × 5 (16 + 5)

⇒ A = π × 5 × 21

⇒ A = 105π cm²

⇒ A = 105 × 22/7 = 330cm²

Therefore, the total surface area of the cone is 330cm²

Shortcut Trick

For a constant Expenditure, the Quantity is inversely proportional to the Price.

Cost Price (CP) percentage = 100% and Selling Price (SP) percentage for 25% profit = 125%.

Price Ratio (CP : SP) = 100 : 125 ⇒ 4 : 5.

Quantity Ratio (CP : SP) = 5 : 4.

Given 5 units = 20 buttons, then 1 unit = 4 buttons.

Selling Quantity = 4 units × 4 = 16 buttons.

∴ The correct answer is 16 buttons.

Alternate Method

Given:

Cost Price of 20 buttons = ₹1

Desired Profit = 25%

Formula Used:

SP = CP × (100 + Profit%)/100

Calculations:

⇒ CP of 1 button = ₹1/20

⇒ SP of 1 button = (1/20) × (125/100)

⇒ SP of 1 button = (1/20) × (5/4)

⇒ SP of 1 button = ₹1/16

⇒ Number of buttons sold for ₹1 = 1 / (1/16) = 16

∴ The correct answer is 16 buttons.

Additional Information

Price-Quantity Relationship

When the total expenditure remains constant, the Quantity is inversely proportional to the Price. If price increases by 25% (ratio 4:5), the quantity must decrease in the ratio 5:4.

Profit and Loss on Unitary Items

To find the gain or loss percent when cost and selling prices of different quantities are given, always equate the Number of Articles or use the price per Single Unit.

<br>

Given:

Product of the first and fourth terms = 70

Product of the second and third terms = 3.5x

Concept Used:

In proportion, the product of the extremes (first and fourth terms) equals the product of the means (second and third terms).

Calculation:

According to the concept, we can set up the equation:

⇒ First term × Fourth term = Second term × Third term

⇒ 70 = 3.5x

To solve for x, divide both sides by 3.5:

⇒ x = 70 / 3.5

⇒ x = 20

Therefore, the value of x is 20.

Shortcut Trick

Total Work = LCM of (50, 75, 25) = 150 units.

Combined Efficiency 2(A + B + C) = (150/50) + (150/75) + (150/25) = 3 + 2 + 6 = 11.

Efficiency of (A + B + C) = 11/2.

Required Time = Total Work ÷ Efficiency = 150 ÷ (11/2) = 300/11 hours.

∴ The correct answer is 300/11 hr.

Alternate Method

Given:

Time taken by (A + B) = 50 hours

Time taken by (B + C) = 75 hours

Time taken by (A + C) = 25 hours

Formula Used:

Total Work = Time × Efficiency

Calculations:

⇒ Sum of efficiencies = (A + B) + (B + C) + (A + C) = 3 + 2 + 6

⇒ 2(A + B + C) = 11

⇒ (A + B + C) Efficiency = 11/2

⇒ Time taken by (A + B + C) = Total Work ÷ Efficiency

⇒ Time = 150 ÷ (11/2)

⇒ Time = 300/11 hours

∴ The correct answer is 300/11 hr.

Additional Information

Combined Efficiency Rule

When individuals work in pairs, the sum of their individual efficiencies is half of the sum of the pair efficiencies: Efficiency(A+B+C) = [Eff(A+B) + Eff(B+C) + Eff(C+A)] ÷ 2.

Individual Time Calculation

To find A's time alone, subtract (B+C) efficiency from (A+B+C) efficiency and then divide Total Work by the result.

Work and Wages

Wages are always distributed in the ratio of the Efficiency of the workers if they work for the same duration.

<br>

Given:

We are asked to find the difference between the greatest and smallest 4-digit numbers divisible by both 36 and 48.

Concept Used:

The least common multiple (LCM) of two numbers is the smallest number that is divisible by both numbers.

Calculation:

The first step is to find the LCM of 36 and 48. The LCM of 36 and 48 is 144.

⇒ The smallest 4-digit number divisible by 144 is found by dividing 1000 (the smallest 4-digit number) by 144 and rounding up to the next whole number, then multiplying by 144.

⇒ 1000 / 144 = 6.94 (approximately), so the next whole number is 7.

Therefore, the smallest 4-digit number divisible by 144 is 7 × 144 = 1008.

⇒ The greatest 4-digit number divisible by 144 is found by dividing 9999 (the greatest 4-digit number) by 144 and rounding down to the nearest whole number, then multiplying by 144.

⇒ 9999 / 144 = 69.44 (approximately), so the whole number is 69.

Therefore, the greatest 4-digit number divisible by 144 is 69 × 144 = 9936.

⇒The difference between the greatest and smallest 4-digit numbers divisible by 144 is 9936 - 1008 = 8928.

So, the difference between the greatest and smallest 4-digit numbers exactly divisible by 36 and 48 is 8928.

Given:

Machine A can produce 1100 units in 9 hours.

Machine B can produce 1100 units in 12 hours.

Concept Used:

Work rate is the amount of work done per unit of time.

Calculation:

First, find the work rate for each machine:

⇒ Work rate of machine A = Total work / Total time = 1100 units / 9 hours = 122.22 units/hour

⇒ Work rate of machine B = Total work / Total time = 1100 units / 12 hours = 91.67 units/hour

Then, calculate the combined work rate of machine A and machine B:

⇒ Combined work rate = Work rate of machine A + Work rate of machine B = 122.22 units/hour + 91.67 units/hour = 213.89 units/hour

Finally, calculate the time it takes for both machines to produce 1100 units:

⇒ Time = Total work / Combined work rate = 1100 units / 213.89 units/hour = 36/7 hours

So, machines A and B working together at these constant rates can produce 1100 units in approximately 36/7 hours.

Given:

One-fourth of the distance traveled at 20 km/h.

Another one-fourth distance traveled at 10 km/h

Remaining distance traveled at 80 km/h. 

Concept Used:

Average Speed = Total Distance/Total Time 

Calculation:

Let the total distance be 4x, 

According to the question 

⇒ 1/4th of distance = 4x × 1/4 = x distance

Hence x km distance at 20km/hr and another x km distance at 10km/hr

Remaining distance = 4x - x - x = 2x

⇒ 2x distance at 80 km/hr

Now average speed = $4x\over{{x\over 20} +{x\over 10} + {2x\over80}}$ = (4x × 80)/14x = 22.86 km/hr

∴ The average speed is 22.86km/hr

Given:

The marked price of the item is Rs. 100000.

The shopkeeper offers a double discount of 20% and 10%.

Concept Used:

When two discounts are applied successively, the overall discount is given by the formula:

Total discount = a + b - (a × b)/100

Calculation:

The first discount of 20% reduces the price to 80% of its original value:

⇒ 100000 × 80% = Rs. 80000

The second discount of 10% reduces this price to 90% of its value:

⇒ 80000 × 90% = Rs. 72000

So, the shopkeeper finally sold the item for Rs. 72000.

Shortcut Trick

Express 2³⁰⁵ in terms of 2³ = 8, because 8 ≡ −1 (mod 9).

2³⁰⁵ = 2² × (2³)¹⁰¹ = 4 × 8¹⁰¹.

Remainder of 4 × (−1)¹⁰¹ + 303 when divided by 9.

⇒ 4 × (−1) + 6 = −4 + 6 = 2.

∴ The correct answer is 2.

Alternate Method

Given: Expression (2³⁰⁵ + 303) ÷ 9

Formula Used: Remainder Theorem and Congruence Modulo

⇒ Remainder of (2³⁰⁵ + 303) / 9 = [Rem(2³⁰⁵/9) + Rem(303/9)] mod 9

⇒ For 2³⁰⁵: 2¹ = 2, 2² = 4, 2³ = 8 ≡ −1 (mod 9)

⇒ 2³⁰⁵ = 2^{303 + 2} = 2² × (2³)¹⁰¹

⇒ 2³⁰⁵ ≡ 4 × (−1)¹⁰¹ (mod 9)

⇒ 2³⁰⁵ ≡ 4 × (−1) ≡ −4 ≡ 5 (mod 9)

⇒ For 303: 303 = 9 × 33 + 6, so Remainder is 6

⇒ Total Remainder = (5 + 6) mod 9 = 11 mod 9 = 2

∴ The correct answer is 2.

Additional Information

Negative Remainder Concept

If a number leaves a remainder of −a when divided by n, the positive remainder is (n − a). For example, −4 mod 9 is 9 − 4 = 5.

Euler's Totient Theorem

If gcd(a, n) = 1, then a^φ(n) ≡ 1 (mod n). For n = 9, φ(9) = 9(1 − 1/3) = 6. Thus 2⁶ ≡ 1 (mod 9).

Divisibility by 9

A number is divisible by 9 if the sum of its digits is divisible by 9. For 303, sum = 3+0+3 = 6, which is the remainder.

Given:

Cost Price (CP) of the chair is ₹800.

Selling Price (SP) of the chair is ₹1,100.

Concept Used:

The formula for calculating profit percentage is:

Profit% = (Profit / CP) × 100

Calculation:

First, calculate the profit which is the difference between the Selling Price (SP) and Cost Price (CP):

⇒ Profit = SP - CP = ₹1,100 - ₹800 = ₹300

Then, calculate the profit percentage:

⇒ Profit% = (Profit / CP) × 100 = (₹300 / ₹800) × 100 = 37.5%

So, the gain or profit percentage is 37.5%.

Given:

The height (h) of the right circular cylinder is 14 cm.

The curved surface area (CSA) of the cylinder is 110 cm².

Concept Used:

The curved surface area of a right circular cylinder is given by the formula:

CSA = 2πr × h

where r is the radius of the base of the cylinder.

Calculation:

We can use the above formula to solve for r:

⇒ 110 = 2 × (22/7)r14

⇒ 110 = 88r

⇒ r = 110/88 = 1.25 cm

The diameter (d) of the base of the cylinder is twice the radius:

⇒ d = 2r = 21.25 = 2.5 cm

Therefore, the base diameter of the cylinder is 2.5 cm.

Given:

The marked price of the item is Rs. 2000.

The shopkeeper offers a discount of 20%.

Concept Used:

The selling price after a discount is given by the formula:

Selling Price = Marked Price - (Discount% × Marked Price)

Calculation:

First, calculate the amount of the discount:

⇒ Discount = 20% × Rs. 2000 = Rs. 400

Then, subtract the discount from the marked price to get the selling price:

⇒ Selling Price = Rs. 2000 - Rs. 400 = Rs. 1600

So, the shopkeeper finally sold the item for Rs. 1600.

Shortcut Trick

Rate for half-yearly compounding = 10% ÷ 2 = 5% = 1/20.

Ratio of Amount to Principal = 926.10 ÷ 800 = 9261 / 8000.

We know that 9261 = 21³ and 8000 = 20³, so (21/20)³ = 9261 / 8000.

This indicates 3 compounding cycles (half-years).

Total Time = 3 ÷ 2 = 1.5 years.

∴ The correct answer is 1.5 years.

Alternate Method

Given:

Principal (P) = ₹800

Amount (A) = ₹926.10

Rate (R) = 10% per annum

Compounding = Half-yearly

Formula Used:

A = P(1 + r/100)ⁿ, where r = R/2 and n = 2 × t (years)

Calculations:

⇒ Half-yearly rate (r) = 10% ÷ 2 = 5%

⇒ 926.10 = 800(1 + 5/100)ⁿ

⇒ 926.10 / 800 = (1 + 1/20)ⁿ

⇒ 9261 / 8000 = (21/20)ⁿ

⇒ (21/20)³ = (21/20)ⁿ

⇒ n = 3 half-years

⇒ Time in years (t) = n ÷ 2 = 3 ÷ 2 = 1.5 years

∴ The correct answer is 1.5 years.

Additional Information

Half-Yearly Compounding Rule

When interest is compounded half-yearly, the annual rate is divided by 2 and the time is multiplied by 2.

Quarterly Compounding Rule

When interest is compounded quarterly, the annual rate is divided by 4 and the time is multiplied by 4.

Compound Interest vs Simple Interest

Difference for 2 years: D = P × (R/100)². For the first year (or first cycle), CI and SI are always equal.

Effective Annual Rate

The actual interest earned in a year: R_eff = [ (1 + r/100)ⁿ − 1 ] × 100.

Given:

a + b = 25

a - b = 7

Concept Used:

The mean proportion between two numbers a and b is the square root of their product.

Calculation:

Let's solve the given equations to find the values of a and b:

Adding equations (1) and (2), we have:

⇒ (a + b) + (a - b) = 25 + 7

⇒ 2a = 32

⇒ a = 16

Substituting the value of a into equation (1), we can find the value of b:

⇒ 16 + b = 25

⇒ b = 25 - 16

⇒ b = 9

The mean proportion (M) between a and b is the square root of their product:

⇒ M = √(a × b) = √(16 × 9) = √144 = 12

Therefore, the mean proportion of a and b is 12.

The correct answer is 'Option 3' i.e. 'Cruel'.

Key Points

• The given word is "Compassionate".
• In English**, "Compassionate"** refers to having or showing compassion.
• Compassion involves feelings of sympathy and sadness for the suffering of others, and a desire to help or to alleviate the suffering.(सहानुभूति).
• Out of the options provided, the most appropriate antonym of "compassionate" is: 'Cruel'.
• "Cruel" in English refers to someone who causes pain or suffering to others without feeling sympathy or remorse.
• It's the opposite of being compassionate because instead of wanting to alleviate suffering, a cruel person causes it.(निर्दय).

Therefore, the correct answer is: 'Cruel'.

Additional Information

• Here are explanations for all the options:
• Likeable: "Likeable" refers to a person or thing that is pleasing, agreeable, or enjoyable. A likeable person is easy to like.(पसंदीदा)
• Merciful: "Merciful" refers to showing mercy, which means showing kindness, forgiveness, and compassion to someone who it is in one's power to punish or harm.(दयावान)
• Fashionable: "Fashionable" refers to someone or something that is popular, up-to-date, or in the current trend or style.(फ़ैशनेबल)

The correct answer is 'Option 4' i.e. 'Opening'.

Key Points

• The underlined word in the sentence is 'orifice.'
• In English, 'orifice' refers to an opening, as of a pipe or tube, or one in the body, such as a nostril or the mouth. (छिद्र)
• Given the choices, the most appropriate synonym for 'orifice' in this context is: 'Opening'.
• 'Opening' in English refers to a space or gap that allows passage or access. (खोलना)

Therefore, the correct answer is: 'Opening'.

Additional Information

 

• Now, let's explain all the options:
• Origin: This term refers to the point or place where something begins, arises, or is derived.(मूल)
• Ornate: 'Ornate' refers to something that is made in an intricate shape or decorated with complex patterns. (भड़कीला) or (सजावटी).
• Ordained: 'Ordained' means to be ordered or decreed officially. In a religious context, it can also refer to the process of being made a priest, minister, or rabbi.(नियुक्त) or (आदेशित).

The correct answer is 'Option 3' i.e. 'Sturdy'.

Key Points

• The given word is "Feeble".
• In English, "feeble" refers to something that is lacking in force, strength, or effectiveness.
• When it's used to describe a person, it often refers to a lack of physical strength or health.(कमज़ोर)
• Out of the options provided, the most appropriate antonym of "feeble" is: 'Sturdy'.
• "Sturdy" in English refers to something that is strongly and solidly built.
• When it's used to describe a person, it often means they're physically strong and healthy.(मजबूत)

Therefore, the correct answer is: 'Sturdy'.

Additional Information

• Here are explanations for all the options:
• Anxious: In English, "anxious" refers to a person who is experiencing worry, unease, or nervousness.(चिंतित)
• Weak: In English, "weak" refers to a lack of physical strength and energy.(कमज़ोर)
• Curious: In English, "curious" refers to someone eager to know or learn something. (जिज्ञासा)

The correct answer is 'Option 4'.

Key Points

• The segment of the sentence that contains an error of tense is: 'I has been'.
• In English, the present perfect continuous tense is formed using "has been" or "have been" along with the present participle (verb-ing).
• The choice between "has been" and "have been" depends on the subject.
• For the first person singular pronoun "I", the correct form is "have been". So the corrected phrase should be "I have been".

Therefore, the correct sentence is: "I have been visiting my family and relatives during the winter vacation."

The correct answer is 'Option 1' i.e. 'Enormous'.

Key Points

• The underlined segment in the sentence is 'extremely large'.
• In English, 'extremely large' refers to something that is of a great size, more than usual or more than average. (अति विशाल)
• Given the choices, the most appropriate substitution for 'extremely large' in this context is: 'Enormous'.
• 'Enormous' in English refers to something very large in size, quantity, or extent. (विशाल)

Therefore, the correct answer is: 'Enormous'.

Additional Information

• Let's explain all the options:
• Meagre: In English, 'meagre' refers to something small or insufficient in quantity or amount. (अल्प)
• Great: In English, 'great' can mean large in amount, extent, or intensity. However, it also has other meanings like "excellent" or "very good"(महान)
• Oversize: This term refers to something that is larger than the usual or standard size. While 'oversize' could potentially be used as a substitute for 'extremely large', it often implies that the size is more than necessary or beyond practicality.(अध्यातिक बड़ा). In this context, 'enormous' is a more suitable substitution.

The correct answer is 'Option 3'.

Key Points

• The underlined phrase in the sentence is 'a snake in the grass'.
• This is an idiomatic expression in English, which is used to refer to a person who pretends to be your friend but is actually an enemy who could betray you at any moment.
• The phrase 'snake in the grass' originates from the literal image of a dangerous snake hiding in tall grass. (घास में छुपा सांप)
• Given the choices, the most appropriate meaning of 'a snake in the grass' in this context is: 'A deceitful person'.
• 'A deceitful person' in English refers to someone who deliberately causes others to believe something that is not true, for their own personal advantage. (कपटी व्यक्ति)

Therefore, the correct answer is: 'A deceitful person'.

Additional Information

• Let's explain all the options:
• A devoted attendant: This refers to a person who is loyal and provides faithful service.(निष्ठावान परिचारक)
• A disloyal soldier: This refers to a soldier who is not loyal to his or her country or cause.(विश्वासघाती सैनिक)
• A coiled serpent: A coiled serpent is just a snake that has wrapped itself into a coil, which is a literal interpretation of the idiom. (लुप्त सर्प)

The correct answer is 'Option 2' i.e. 'Chaste'.

Key Points

• The correct word to fill in the blank in the sentence "He is an absolutely ______ man." is: 'Chaste'.
• In English, "chaste" is an adjective that refers to someone who is morally clean and pure, particularly in a sexual context.
• It can also be used more generally to describe something that is simple, restrained, and devoid of unnecessary ornamentation.

Therefore, the correct sentence is: 'He is an absolutely chaste man.'

Additional Information

• Here's why the other options don't fit:
• Chased: The past participle of "chase", typically refers to having pursued in order to catch or catch up with. It wouldn't make sense in the given sentence.
• Chest: This is a noun that refers to the front part of the body between the neck and the abdomen, or a large strong box, typically made of wood and used for storage or shipping. It doesn't fit grammatically or semantically in the sentence.
• Crazed: This is an adjective that can describe a person who is wildly insane or mad. Though grammatically correct, it conveys a very different meaning from "chaste" and doesn't fit with the word "absolutely" as well as "chaste" does.

The correct answer is 'Option 2' i.e. 'Sour'.

Key Points

• The bracketed word in the sentence is "sweet".
• In English, "sweet" is a term that describes one of the basic tastes perceived by the tongues of humans and many animals.
• It's usually experienced in response to eating foods rich in sugars.(मीठा)
• Considering the given options, the most appropriate antonym of "sweet" to fill in the blank in this context would be: 'Sour'.
• "Sour" in English is another basic taste that is often described as sharp, tart, or acidic.(खट्टा).
• It's the opposite of "sweet".

Therefore, the correct answer is: 'Sour'.

Additional Information

• Here are explanations for all the options:
• Rancid: In English, "rancid" refers to food (especially fats and oils) that has a strong, unpleasant smell or taste because it is no longer fresh. (बासी)
• Stale: In English, "stale" refers to (of food) no longer fresh and pleasant to eat. (बासी)
• Fetid: This term describes something that has an extremely unpleasant smell.(दुर्गंधयुक्त)

The correct answer is 'Option 1'.

Key Points

• The sage preached that we are accountable to God in this life.
• In English, the word "accountable" is spelled with two "c"s and one "t".
• It means responsible or answerable.
• This spelling is correctly used in the first sentence.

Therefore, the correct sentence is: 'The sage preached that we are accountable to God in this life.'

Additional Information

• The other options all have incorrect spellings of the word "accountable":
• "Akountable" is incorrect. The correct spelling is "accountable".
• "Accuuntable" is incorrect. The correct spelling is "accountable".
• "Acountable" is incorrect. The correct spelling is "accountable".

The correct answer is 'Option 3' i.e. 'Notices'.

Key Points

• The correct word to fill in the blank in the sentence "He indeed is intelligent who ______ this and succeeds in making all work truly great." is: 'Notices'.
• The sentence is in the present tense.
• The use of "is" indicates present tense, so the verb that follows should also be in the present tense.
• "Notices" is the present tense form of the verb "notice", which means to become aware of or pay attention to something.

Therefore, the correct sentence is: 'He indeed is intelligent who notices this and succeeds in making all work truly great.'

Additional Information

• Here's why the other options don't fit:
• Was noticed: This is the passive voice form of the past simple tense of "notice". It wouldn't make sense in the given sentence because the person referred to as "he" is the one doing the noticing, not the one being noticed.
• Noticed: This is the past tense of "notice". It wouldn't fit because the rest of the sentence is in the present tense.
• Noticing: This is the present participle of "notice". It could potentially fit in some contexts, but in this case "notices" is more appropriate because it matches the tense and mood of the rest of the sentence.

The correct answer is 'Option 1' i.e. 'Skulptor'.

Key Points

• The incorrectly spelled word among the options is: 'Skulptor'
• The correct spelling of this word is "Sculptor".
• A sculptor is an artist who makes sculptures, which are three-dimensional artistic objects or designs. (मूर्तिकार).

The correct answer is: 'Skulptor'.

Additional Information

• Let's explain all the options:
• Miraculous: This is spelled correctly. "Miraculous" means pertaining to a miracle, or something that is extraordinarily wonderful or supernatural.(चमत्कारी).
• Vision: This is spelled correctly. "Vision" refers to the ability to see, or an idea or mental image of something.(दृष्टि) or (दर्शन).
• Succeed: This is spelled correctly. "Succeed" means to achieve a desired aim or result. In Hindi, succeed is referred to as "safal hona" (सफल होना).

The correct answer is 'Option 1' i.e. 'Excellent'.

Key Points

• The given word is "Ideal".
• "Ideal" in English refers to a standard of perfection or excellence; something that is considered perfect and serves as a model for others.(आदर्श)
• Considering the given options, the most appropriate synonym for "Ideal" in this context would be: 'Excellent'.
• "Excellent" in English refers to something that is extremely good or outstanding, very similar to an ideal standard.(उत्कृष्ट)

Therefore, the correct answer is: 'Excellent'.

Additional Information

• Let's explain all the options:
• Hefty: In English, "hefty" refers to something large, heavy, or powerful. It's used to describe physical weight or size, and sometimes to describe large amounts of something (like a hefty sum of money). (भारी)
• Bad: In English, "bad" refers to something that is not good in quality(बुरा)
• Intact: In English, "intact" refers to something that remains untouched or uninjured; kept or left whole(अक्षुण्ण)

The correct answer is 'Option 1'.

Key Points

• The most appropriate option to substitute the underlined segment in the given sentence "I visited the hospital to 'enquire about eyes surgery.'" is: 'enquire about eye surgery'.
• The correct phrase is "eye surgery," not "eyes surgery."
• The word "eye" in this context is used as a modifier for the noun "surgery" and doesn't need to be plural.

Therefore, the correct sentence is: 'I visited the hospital to enquire about eye surgery.'

Additional Information

• Here's why the other options are not appropriate:
• Enquire for eyes surgery: The preposition "for" is not typically used with "enquire" in this context. Moreover, "eyes surgery" is grammatically incorrect.
• Enquired about eye surgery: The tense would not match with the rest of the sentence. The original sentence is in the simple past tense (I visited), so the verb "enquire" should be in the infinitive form to match the structure of the sentence.

The correct answer is 'Option 3' i.e. 'Challenge'.

Key Points

• The idiom "To call in question" is given.
• "To call in question" is an English idiom that means to doubt, challenge, or dispute the truth or validity of something.(सवाल उठाना)
• Considering the given options, the most appropriate meaning for "To call in question" is: 'Challenge'
• "Challenge" in English refers to inviting or daring someone to engage in a contest, fight, or competition.(चुनौती).
• In the context of the idiom, it means to dispute the truth or validity of something.

Therefore, the correct answer is: 'Challenge'.

Additional Information

• Let's explain all the options:
• Show indifference: This means not showing any interest or concern about something.(उदासीनता दिखाना)
• Take a resolute stand: This means to firmly decide on and stick to a particular course of action. (दृढ़ स्थिति लेना)
• Dislike the arrangement: This means having a negative feeling or aversion towards the way things are organized or arranged. (व्यवस्था को पसंद नहीं करना)

The correct answer is 'Option 1' i.e. 'Ate; eight'.

Key Points

• The correct pair of words to complete the sentence "My brother _______ _______ apples during his fast." is: 'ate; eight'.
• "ate; eight" is the correct answer as it maintains the correct grammar and meaning in the sentence.
• "Ate" is the past tense of "eat" and "eight" is a number indicating the quantity of apples consumed.

Therefore, the correct sentence is: "My brother ate eight apples during his fast."

Additional Information

• Here's why the other options are incorrect:
• Eight; eight - The first 'eight' is incorrect because it's a number and doesn't fit the context. The verb "ate" should be used to indicate that the brother consumed the apples.
• Ate; ate - The second 'ate' is incorrect because it's a verb and doesn't fit the context. The number "eight" should be used to indicate the quantity of apples eaten.
• Eight; ate - The first 'eight' is incorrect because it's a number and doesn't fit the context. The verb "ate" should be used to indicate that the brother consumed the apples.

The correct answer is 'Option 3' i.e. 'Less'.

Key Points

• The most appropriate option to fill in blank number 1 in the given passage is: 'Less'.
• The context of the sentence is discussing the benefit of online communication, which includes a reduction in the use of paper.
• So, the word that best fits the blank is "less," indicating a decreased dependence on paper due to online communication.

Therefore, the correct sentence is: 'One certain benefit of online communication either through email or even communicating through WhatsApp nowadays is that there is a less dependence on paper. It is said that to make a ton of paper 17 trees have to be cut down. With the already existing demand for paper to meet (2) _____ needs, it would be horrendous to keep (3) ______ the demand for paper worldwide. Online communication is a boon as many documents are now sent by mail through PDF, Microsoft Word or the JPEG format. This means that there is certainly a (4) _______ in the use of paper due to online communication. Many people read online newspapers nowadays, which means there is a decline in the number of people buying offline versions of (5) ________.'

Additional Information

• Here's why the other options are not appropriate:
• Restless: This adjective describes someone who is unable to rest or relax due to anxiety or boredom. It doesn't fit the context of the sentence.
• Crest: This noun can refer to the top of something (like a wave or a mountain), or it can be a symbol or emblem. Neither meaning fits the context of the sentence.
• Dress: This noun usually refers to a one-piece garment worn by women and girls. It doesn't fit the context of the sentence.

The correct answer is 'Option 2' i.e. 'Various'.

Key Points

• The most appropriate option to fill in blank number 2 in the given passage is: 'Various'
• In this context, "various" is the best choice because it refers to different types of needs for which paper is used.

Therefore, the correct sentence is: 'One certain benefit of online communication either through email or even communicating through WhatsApp nowadays is that there is a less dependence on paper. It is said that to make a ton of paper 17 trees have to be cut down. With the already existing demand for paper to meet various needs, it would be horrendous to keep (3) ______ the demand for paper worldwide. Online communication is a boon as many documents are now sent by mail through PDF, Microsoft Word or the JPEG format. This means that there is certainly a (4) _______ in the use of paper due to online communication. Many people read online newspapers nowadays, which means there is a decline in the number of people buying offline versions of (5) ________.'

Additional Information

• Here's why the other options are not appropriate:
• Controversial: This adjective describes something that causes disagreement or argument. It doesn't fit in the context of the sentence, which is talking about the different needs for paper.
• Rare: This adjective means not occurring very often. In this context, it wouldn't make sense because the demand for paper is not rare, but quite common.
• Handle: This noun usually refers to the part by which a thing is held, carried, or controlled, and as a verb, it means manage. Neither fits in the context of the sentence.

The correct answer is 'Option 2' i.e. 'Increasing'.

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Key Points

• The most appropriate option to fill in blank number 3 in the given passage is: 'Increasing'.
• In this context, "increasing" is the best choice because it refers to the growing demand for paper worldwide, which would be horrendous considering the environmental impact.

Therefore, the correct sentence is: 'One certain benefit of online communication either through email or even communicating through WhatsApp nowadays is that there is a less dependence on paper. It is said that to make a ton of paper 17 trees have to be cut down. With the already existing demand for paper to meet various needs, it would be horrendous to keep increasing the demand for paper worldwide. Online communication is a boon as many documents are now sent by mail through PDF, Microsoft Word or the JPEG format. This means that there is certainly a (4) _______ in the use of paper due to online communication. Many people read online newspapers nowadays, which means there is a decline in the number of people buying offline versions of (5) ________.'

Additional Information

• Here's why the other options are not appropriate:
• Planning: This verb means making detailed arrangements for future activities. In this context, it doesn't make sense because the sentence is talking about the ongoing action of meeting the demand for paper, not planning for it.
• Contriving: This verb means creating or bringing about (an object or a situation) by deliberate use of skill and artifice. It doesn't fit the context of the sentence.
• Depriving: This verb means denying (a person or place) the possession or use of something. It doesn't make sense in the context of the sentence which is talking about the ongoing action of meeting the demand for paper, not depriving it.

The correct answer is 'Option 2' i.e. 'Reduction'.

Key Points

• The most appropriate option to fill in blank number 4 in the given passage is: 'Reduction'.
• In this context, "reduction" is the best choice because it refers to the decrease in the use of paper due to online communication.

Therefore, the correct sentence is: 'One certain benefit of online communication either through email or even communicating through WhatsApp nowadays is that there is a less dependence on paper. It is said that to make a ton of paper 17 trees have to be cut down. With the already existing demand for paper to meet various needs, it would be horrendous to keep increasing the demand for paper worldwide. Online communication is a boon as many documents are now sent by mail through PDF, Microsoft Word or the JPEG format. This means that there is certainly a reduction in the use of paper due to online communication. Many people read online newspapers nowadays, which means there is a decline in the number of people buying offline versions of (5) ________.'

Additional Information

• Here's why the other options are not appropriate:
• Traction: This noun refers to the grip of a tyre on a road or a wheel on a rail, or the extent to which an idea, product, etc., gains popularity or acceptance. Neither meaning fits the context of the sentence.
• Induction: This noun refers to the process or action of bringing about or giving rise to something. In this context, it doesn't make sense because the sentence is discussing a decrease, not an initiation or increase.
• Gumption: This noun means spirited initiative and resourcefulness, which doesn't fit the context of the sentence, which is discussing a decrease in the use of paper.

The correct answer is 'Option 3' i.e. 'Newspapers'.

Key Points

• The correct choice to fill in the blank 5 is 'Newspapers'.
• In this context, "newspapers" is the best choice because the sentence is discussing the shift from offline to online versions of news delivery.

Therefore, the correct sentence is: 'One certain benefit of online communication either through email or even communicating through WhatsApp nowadays is that there is a less dependence on paper. It is said that to make a ton of paper 17 trees have to be cut down. With the already existing demand for paper to meet various needs, it would be horrendous to keep increasing the demand for paper worldwide. Online communication is a boon as many documents are now sent by mail through PDF, Microsoft Word or the JPEG format. This means that there is certainly a reduction in the use of paper due to online communication. Many people read online newspapers nowadays, which means there is a decline in the number of people buying offline versions of newspapers.'

Additional Information

• Here's why the other options are not appropriate:
• Fliers: These are usually small paper advertisements or announcements that are distributed to people in a public place. Although they are made of paper, the context of the sentence is specifically referring to news sources, making "newspapers" a more accurate choice.
• Magazines: Although these are also a form of printed media, the focus of the passage appears to be more on daily news (which is typically delivered via newspapers) rather than periodicals such as magazines.
• Canvas: This is a strong, coarse unbleached cloth made from hemp, flax, or a similar yarn, used to make items such as sails and tents and as a surface for oil painting. It does not fit the context of the sentence, which is referring to news sources.

सही उत्तर विकल्प 1 'अतींद्रिय' है। अन्य विकल्प इसके अनुचित उत्तर हैं। 

Key Points

• अतींद्रिय- जो इंद्रियों से परे हो।

अन्‍य व‍िकल्‍प- 

Additional Information

वाक्य के रेखांकित अंश शोक के स्थान पर "खेद" शब्‍द का प्रयोग किया जाएगा। 

Key Points

• वाक्‍य- शोक है कि मैं आपके पत्र का उत्तर नहीं दे सका।
• रेखांकित शब्‍द शोक के स्‍थान पर खेद शब्‍द का प्रयोग करना उचित है।
• खेद का अर्थ- दुःख, रंज (जैसे- खेद प्रकट करना, खेद होना)

अन्‍य व‍िकल्‍प- 

"हंसजा" शब्‍द गंगा का उचित पर्यायवाची नहीं है। अन्‍य व‍िकल्‍प असंगत हैं।

Key Points

• गंगा के पर्यायवाची- देवनदी, भागीरथी, मंदाकिनी, देवपगा, सुरसरिता, विष्णुपदी, स्वर्गापगा, त्रिपथंगा आदि।
• हंसजा का अर्थ- सूर्य की कन्या, यमुना।

Important Pointsकुछ महत्‍वपूर्ण पर्यायवाची शब्‍द-

Additional Information

"मणि" शब्‍द सिंह का उचित पर्यायवाची नहीं है। अन्‍य व‍िकल्‍प असंगत हैं। 

Key Points

• वाक्‍य- सिंह की सवारी सबके बस की बात नहीं है।
• इस वाक्‍य में रेखांकित शब्‍द स‍िंह का सही पर्याय मण‍ि नहीं है।
• स‍िंह के अन्‍य पर्यायवाची- केसरी, शेर, केशरी, मृगपति, पंचमुख, हृर्यक्ष, वनराज आदि।
• मणि के अन्‍य पर्यायवाची- माणिक, मणि, माणिक्य, चन्द्रकांत, सूर्यकांत, मनिक आदि।

Important Pointsकुछ अन्‍य महत्‍वपूर्ण पर्यायवाची- 

Additional Information 

'सारे शरीर की हड्डियों का ढांचा' वाक्यांश के लिए सार्थक शब्द "कंकाल" है। 

Key Points

• कंकाल- सारे शरीर की हड्डियों का ढांचा। ​

Important Points

Additional Information  

'जो कहा गया है' वाक्यांश के लिए सार्थक शब्द "कथित" है। 

Key Points

• कथित- जो कहा गया है।

​अन्‍य व‍िकल्‍प- 

Important Points