SSC GD Constable (2022) Official Paper (Held On : 10 Jan 2023 Shift 4) (Previous Year Paper)

The logic followed here is:

Logic: The first word is the state, and the second word is its capital city.

Meghalaya: Shillong

→ Shillong is the capital city of Meghalaya.

Kerala:?

→ Thiruvananthapuram is the capital city of Kerala.

Hence, the correct answer is "Thiruvananthapuram".

The pattern followed here is:

Logic: (Second number × 9) + 3 = First number.

1. 48 : 5

⇒ (5 × 9) + 3

⇒ 45 + 3 = 48

And,

2. 30: 3

⇒ (3 × 9) + 3

⇒ 27 + 3 = 30

Similarly,

3. 57 : ?

⇒ 57 - 3

⇒ 54 ÷ 9 = 6

Hence, the correct answer is "6".

The pattern followed here is:

Given: 23, 27, 35, ?, 63, 83, 107

Hence, the correct answer is "47".

The pattern followed here is:

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 4".

Let's check each option,

1) + and ×

→ 561 ÷ 11 + 22 × 6 – 25 = 158

→ 51 + 22 × 6 – 25 = 158

→ 51 + 132 – 25 = 158

→ 183 – 25 = 158

→ 158 = 158

→ LHS = RHS

2) ÷ and ×

→ 561 × 11 ÷ 22 + 6 – 25 = 158

→ 561 × 1/2 + 6 – 25 = 158

→ 280.5 + 6 – 25 = 158

→ 286.5 – 25 = 158

→ 261.5 ≠ 158

→ LHS ≠ RHS

3) ÷ and +

→ 561 + 11 × 22 ÷ 6 – 25 = 158

→ 561 + 11 × 11/3 – 25 = 158

→ 561 + 121/3 – 25 = 158

→ 601 - 25 ≠ 158

→ LHS ≠ RHS

4) + and –

→ 561 ÷ 11 × 22 - 6 + 25 = 158

→ 51 × 22 - 6 + 25 = 158

→ 1122 - 6 + 25 = 158

→ 1147 - 6 = 158

→ 1141 ≠ 158

→ LHS ≠ RHS

Here, we can see that only Option 1 gives the correct equation.

Hence, the correct answer is "+ and ×".

The pattern followed here is:

Given:

From dice number (1) and (2).

Here, 6 is common in both the dice and rotated in clockwise direction from the common face.

Opposite faces:

⇒ 2 ⇔ 1

⇒ 3 ⇔ 4

⇒ 6 ⇔ 5

Clearly, 5 is the opposite of 6.

Hence, the correct answer is "5".

The pattern followed here is:

Logic: 

⇒ Vowel = (-2)

⇒ Consonant = (+2)

‘STATION’ is written as ‘UVYVGMP’ 

And,

'TRIUMPH' is written as ‘VTGSORJ’

Similarly,

‘HOLIDAY’ be written as '?'

Hence, the correct answer is "JMNGFYA".

The pattern followed here is:

Logic: Every alphabet is coded with unique code.

‘TABLE’ is written as ‘£@6#%’

 

‘LARK’ is written as ‘#@28’

 

‘BUCKET’ is written as ‘6$+8%£’

 

‘CLARET’ be written '?'

 

Hence, the correct answer is "+#@2%£".

The pattern followed here is:

CTUJ, EVWL, ?, IZAP, KBCR

Hence, the correct answer is "GXYN".

The pattern followed here is:

Given: 115, 102, 107, 94, 99, ?

Hence, the correct answer is "86".

The pattern followed here is:

Logic: Addition of  +1 in all the letter.

1) PENALTY : QFOBMUZ

And,

2) OFFENSE : PGGFOTF

Similarly,

3) NERVOUS : ?

Hence, the correct answer is "OFSWPVT".

The pattern followed here is:

Given: There are 7 people sitting around a circular table facing towards the centre - A, B, C, D, E, F, and G.

1) A is sitting to the immediate right of C and immediate left of D. 

2) G is sitting to the immediate left of C and immediate right of F.

3) E is sitting to the immediate left of F and immediate right of B. B is sitting second right of A.

Clearly, D is the immediate neighbour of A and B.

Hence, the correct answer is "D".

The pattern followed here is:

\

Hence, the correct answer is "OPGU".

The pattern followed here is:

1. Given figure series is rotated 90º clockwise direction in every next figure.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 1".

The mirror image of the figure is shown below:

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 1".

The pattern followed here is:

Given:  Seven people A, B, C, D, E, F, and G are sitting in a straight row facing the North.

1) A is sitting in the centre of the row. 

 

2) B is sitting to the immediate left of A.

3) G and E are sitting at the ends of the row.

4) F is sitting to the immediate right of G

(It means G is sitting at the left of the corner)

5)  D is sitting to the immediate left of E.

6) C is sitting to the second left of E.

Clearly, F is sitting between G and B.

Hence, the correct answer is "F".

The correct order as per the dictionary is:

5) individual

2) inertia

1) inside

4) insight

3) instruction

Hence, the correct answer is "5, 2, 1, 4, 3".

By using the symbols in the table given below, we can draw the following family tree:

Given: 

A @ B means ‘A is the sister of B’.

A & B means ‘A is the brother of B’.

A # B means ‘A is the wife of B’.

A ^ B means ‘A is the mother of B’.

A + B means ‘A is the father of B’.

Given: X + T ^ M # G & C ^ K @ H ^ Q

Let's check each option one by one.

1) G is the son-in-law of T → Yes, G is the son-in-law of T. (True)

2) G is the father of K → No, G is the Maternal uncle of K. (False)

3) C is the mother of H → Yes, C is the mother of H. (True)

4) X is the maternal grandfather of M → Yes, X is the maternal grandfather of M. (True)

Hence, the correct answer is "G is the father of K".

The least possible Venn diagram is given below according to the given information.

Conclusions:

1. Some i-pads are computers → Follow → As Some computers are phones, All phones are calculators and, All calculators are i-pads. So some i-pads are computer is definitely followed.
2. All calculators are phones → Does not follow →  As Some computers are phones, All phones are calculators and, All calculators are i-pads. So all calculators are phones is not definitely followed.
3. Some i-pads are phones → Follow →  As All phones are calculators and All calculators are i-pads. So some i-pads are phones is definitely followed.

Hence, the correct answer is "Only conclusions 1 and 3 follow".

Let's check each option,

1) + and -

→ 48 + 96 × 4 ÷ 3 - 58 = 34 

→ 48 + 96 × 4/3 - 58 = 34

→ 48 + 128 - 58 = 34

→ 176 - 58 = 34

→ 118 ≠ 34

→ LHS ≠ RHS

2) × and +

→ 48 - 96 + 4 ÷ 3 × 58 = 34

→ 48 - 96 + 4/3 × 58 = 34

→ 48 - 96 + 77.3 = 34

→ 125.3 - 96 = 34

→ 29.3 ≠ 34

→ LHS ≠ RHS

3) - and ÷

→ 48 ÷ 96 × 4 - 3 + 58 = 34

→ 1/2 × 4 - 3 + 58 = 34

→ 2 - 3 + 58 = 34

→ 60 - 3 ≠ 34

→ LHS ≠ RHS

4) ÷ and ×

→ 48 - 96 ÷ 4 × 3 + 58 = 34

→ 48 - 24 × 3 + 58 = 34

→ 48 - 72 + 58 = 34

→ 106 - 72 = 34

→ 34 = 34

→ LHS = RHS

Here, we can see that only Option 4 gives the correct equation.

Hence, the correct answer is "÷ and ×".

The correct answer is Articles 153-167.

Key Points

• The Articles of the Constitution of India that deal with the State executive are primarily Articles 153 to 167.
• These articles outline the structure, powers, and functions of the state executive, including the Governor, Council of Ministers, Chief Minister, and other related provisions.
• Articles 153-167 of the Indian Constitution, which pertain to the state executive, are mentioned in Part VI - The States of the Indian Constitution.​

Additional Information

• Article 153: It states that there shall be a Governor for each state in India, appointed by the President of India.
• Article 154: This article establishes the office of the Governor as the constitutional head of the state executive.
• Article 155: Article 155 of the Indian Constitution deals with the appointment of the Governor of a state. .
• Article 156: Article 156 of the Constitution of India deals with the term of office of the Governor:
• Article 157: It describes the qualifications required for the appointment of the Governor.
• Article 158: The Governor shall not be a member of the Legislature or Parliament; shall not hold any office of profit, shall be entitled to emoluments and allowances.
• Article 159: This article specifies the oath or affirmation to be taken by the Governor.
• Article 160: This article pertains to the discretionary powers of the Governor in matters related to the state executive.
• Article 161: It grants the Governor the power to grant pardons, reprieves, respites, or remissions of punishment or to suspend, remit, or commute the sentence of any person convicted of an offence against state laws.
• Article 162: This article deals with the executive powers of the state and the extent of the executive power of the state government.
• Article 163: It empowers the Governor to exercise executive powers on behalf of the state government and defines the relationship between the Governor and the Council of Ministers.
• Article 164: This article deals with the appointment, term, and responsibilities of the Council of Ministers in the state.
• Article 165: It outlines the Advocate General for the state and their duties and qualifications.
• Article 166: This article deals with the conduct of government business and the duties of the Chief Minister and other ministers.
• Article 167: It specifies the duty of the Chief Minister to furnish information to the Governor regarding the administration of the state.

The correct answer is Irish.

Key Points

• The 'Method of Election of the President' in the Indian Constitution has been borrowed from the Constitution of Ireland.
• Article 55 outlines the manner in which the President is to be elected, the composition of the electoral college, and the value of votes of the members of the electoral college.
• The method of electing the President in India is an indirect election, where the President is not elected directly by the citizens but by an electoral college comprising elected members of both houses of Parliament and the Legislative Assemblies of the states.

​

Additional Information Some other important features borrowed from Indian Constitution and their sources:

The correct answer is Kerala.

Key Points

• Mohiniyattam is a solo classical dance form of Kerala state.
• Mohiniyattam is one of India's famous classical dances, developed and still popular in the state of Kerala.
• This dance form derives its name from Mohini, the historical enchanting embodiment of the Hindu god Vishnu, who helps good to prevail over evil by nurturing its feminine energies.
• It is a classical Indian dance that by implication, traces its repertoire to the basic text of Natya Shastra.
• The text of the Natya Shastra is credited to the ancient scholar Bharata Muni.​

Additional Information Other classical dance forms and their states are as follows:

The correct answer is Amar Singh.

Key Points

• Amar Singh, an Indian-origin Sikh volunteer, has been honoured with the prestigious 2023 New South Wales Australian of the Year Award for supporting the community during floods, bushfires, drought and the pandemic.
• He was honoured with the 2023 New South Wales Australian of the Year Award in the category of “Local Hero”.
• He was recognized for his contribution to supporting the community during drought, floods, COVID-19 pandemic and bushfires.
• The New South Wales Australian of the Year Award is a prestigious recognition bestowed upon individuals who have made outstanding contributions to their respective fields and have positively impacted the community.​

Additional Information

• Navjit Kaur Brar
• Navjit Kaur Brar is an Indo-Canadian health care worker who has become the first turban-wearing Sikh woman to be elected as a city councillor of Brampton city in Canada.
• Brar is a respiratory therapist and won the race in Wards 2 and 5 in the municipal council polls in Brampton City.
• Jatinder Singh
• Jatinder Singh is a cricketer who plays for the Oman national cricket team.
• He was born on March 5, 1989, in Ludhiana, Punjab, India.
• Jatinder Singh was recently in the news for being held in a Hawala case after nine days on the run.
• He was a minister in the Mufti Sayeed-led coalition government.

The correct answer is 2004.

Key Points

• The National Food for Work Programme (NFWP) was launched in India in 2004.
• It was a component of the National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme (NREGA) later renamed as the Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme (MGNREGA).
• The NFWP aimed to provide food security to rural populations by offering employment opportunities in labour-intensive projects.
• Workers participating in the NFWP received food grains as remuneration for their work.
• The NFWP was integrated into the broader framework of the MGNREGA, expanding the scope and coverage of the employment guarantee program.

Additional Information

• Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme (MGNREGA).
• The Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme (MGNREGA) is a social security and employment guarantee program in India.
• It was enacted in 2005 under the National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (NREGA).
• The program provides a legal guarantee for 100 days of wage employment in a financial year to rural households.
• MGNREGS focuses on labour-intensive projects such as road construction, water conservation, and irrigation to create employment opportunities and improve rural infrastructure.
• The scheme ensures timely payment of wages, provides social security provisions, and promotes transparency through mandatory public disclosure of information.

The correct answer is Andhra Pradesh.

Key Points

• Pedda Panduga is a major festival celebrated in Andhra Pradesh, particularly in rural areas.
• It marks the transition of the sun into the zodiac sign of Capricorn (Makara Rasi) and the beginning of longer days.
• People fly kites, organize cultural events, and participate in traditional sports like bullock cart races and cockfights.
• Special dishes like Pongal (a sweet rice preparation), Ariselu (sweet deep-fried cakes), and Pulihora (tamarind rice) are prepared and shared during the festivities.

Additional Information

• Tamil Nadu:
• Makar Sankranti is celebrated as Pongal in Tamil Nadu, and it is one of the most important festivals in the state.
• The festival lasts for four days and is dedicated to the Sun God.
• People prepare a special dish called Pongal, which is made from newly harvested rice, lentils, jaggery, and milk.
• Traditional activities include drawing kolams (decorative patterns) in front of houses, conducting bull-taming events, and organizing cultural programs.
• Karnataka:
• In Karnataka, Makar Sankranti is known as Sankranti or Suggi Habba.
• The festival signifies the harvest season and the transition of the sun into Capricorn.
• People exchange a special mixture called "Yellu Bella" made of sesame seeds, jaggery, coconut, and peanuts as a symbol of good luck and prosperity.
• Bull races, kite flying, and bonfires are traditional activities associated with Sankranti celebrations in Karnataka.
• Kerala:
• In Kerala, Makar Sankranti is celebrated as Makaravilakku.
• The festival is closely associated with the annual pilgrimage to the Sabarimala Temple, where a special ceremony called Makaravilakku is held.
• Devotees gather at the temple to witness the divine light, which is believed to appear on the day of Makar Sankranti.
• The day is also marked by traditional rituals, feasts, and cultural performances.

The correct answer is rubber.

Key Points

• Rubber is not a fiber crop.
• It is primarily cultivated for latex production, which is used in various industries, especially in the production of rubber-based products.
• In contrast, cotton, hemp, and jute are fiber crops that are specifically grown for their fibrous properties, which are used to make **textiles, ropes, and other related products.**​

Additional Information

• Kharif crops
• Kharif Crops are planted at the onset of the South-West monsoon, primarily in India, Pakistan, and Bangladesh, during the rainy season.
• The sowing of these crops takes place between the months of June and July.
• Upon reaching maturity, typically in October, these crops are harvested in the Autumn season.
• Examples of Kharif crops include rice, cotton, corn, sugarcane, turmeric, pigeon pea, and more.
• Rabi crops
• Rabi Crops are cultivated during the winter season in regions with a subtropical climate.
• They include important crops like wheat, barley, oats, chickpeas, and peas.
• The Sowing of Rabi crops takes place between October and December.
• These crops require cooler temperatures and lesser rainfall compared to Kharif crops.
• Rabi crops play a crucial role in ensuring food security and contribute significantly to the agricultural economy.
• Zaid crops
• Zaid Crops are grown during the summer season in regions with a tropical climate.
• These crops are typically cultivated between the months of March and June.
• Zaid crops are known for their quick growth and shorter duration compared to Kharif and Rabi crops.
• Examples of Zaid crops include cucumber, watermelon, bitter gourd, maize, and cowpea.
• These crops are often irrigated using modern techniques and are harvested before the onset of the monsoon season.

The correct answer is Saprotropic.

Key Points

• Saprotrophic nutrition is the mode of nutrition in which organisms obtain nutrients by decomposing dead and decaying organic matter.
• Saprotrophs, also known as decomposers, secrete digestive enzymes to break down complex organic compounds into simpler substances.
• They absorb the nutrients from the decomposed matter, playing a vital role in recycling nutrients back into the ecosystem.
• Examples of saprotrophs include fungi (such as mushrooms and moulds) and certain bacteria.

Additional Information

• Autotrophic:
• Autotrophic nutrition is the mode of nutrition in which organisms can synthesize their own food using inorganic substances and an external energy source.
• Autotrophs convert sunlight or inorganic compounds into organic compounds through photosynthesis or chemosynthesis.
• They include green plants, algae, and some bacteria.
• Autotrophs are primary producers in food chains, serving as a source of energy for heterotrophs.
• Heterotrophic:
• Heterotrophic nutrition is the mode of nutrition in which organisms obtain their food by consuming organic matter produced by other organisms.
• Heterotrophs cannot synthesize their own food and rely on consuming plants, animals, or other organic materials for nutrients.
• Examples of heterotrophs include animals, fungi (except for a few species), and most bacteria.
• Heterotrophs play important roles as consumers and decomposers in food chains and nutrient cycles.
• Monostrophic:
• A monographic diet, also known as the mono diet or single-food diet, involves eating only one food item or one type of food.
• Examples of monotrophic diets include consuming solely potatoes or apples or restricting oneself to fruits or meats.
• Monotrophic diets may be followed for reasons such as food faddism, crash dieting, initiating an elimination diet, or exploring extreme forms of alternative medicine.

The correct answer is Kalamandalam Kallyanikutty Amma.

Key Points

• "Mother of Mohiniyattam" is a docu-fiction based on the life and contributions of Kalamandalam Kallyanikutty Amma.
• Kalamandalam Kallyanikutty Amma was a prominent figure in Mohiniyattam, a classical dance form of Kerala.
• She is recognized as a key contributor to the revival and popularization of Mohiniyattam in the 20^th century.
• Kallyanikutty Amma trained under renowned gurus and played a significant role in preserving and passing on the traditional techniques and repertoire of Mohiniyattam.
• Her efforts and dedication to the art form earned her the title "Mother of Mohiniyattam."​

Additional Information

• Shovana Narayan:
• Shovana Narayan is an accomplished Kathak dancer and choreographer from India.
• She is known for her dynamic and expressive performances in the classical dance form of Kathak.
• Narayan has received numerous accolades and awards for her contributions to Indian classical dance.
• She has also worked towards promoting and preserving the rich cultural heritage of Kathak through teaching and workshops.
• Additional Information related to Classical dance forms of India.

The correct answer is plan and non-plan expenditure.

Key Points

• Budget documents classify total expenditures into plan and non-plan expenditures.
• Plan expenditures refer to the funds allocated for specific programs, schemes, and projects outlined in the budgetary plan.
• Non-plan expenditures, on the other hand, encompass general expenses such as salaries, pensions, debt servicing, and maintenance costs.
• This classification enables policymakers to track and analyze spending patterns to ensure efficient utilization of resources and effective implementation of developmental plans.

Additional Information 

• Plan Expenditure:
• Allocated for specific programs and projects outlined in Five-Year Plans.
• Focused on achieving developmental goals in sectors like education, health, infrastructure, etc.
• Strategic allocation for long-term objectives, economic growth, and poverty reduction.
• Subject to evaluation and scrutiny to ensure effective utilization of funds.
• Non-Plan Expenditure:
• Covers regular expenses of the government not part of Five-Year Plans.
• Includes administrative, operational, and maintenance costs.
• Essential for day-to-day functioning and provision of services.
• Supports the overall governance and administration.

The correct answer is Revenue collection be relaxed.

Key Points

• The main demand of the peasant movement of Kheda was revenue collection be relaxed.
• The Kheda Movement was a major civil disobedience movement in the Kheda district of Gujarat, India, led by Mahatma Gandhi in 1918.
• The movement was a response to the oppressive taxation policies imposed by the British colonial government on the peasants of Kheda, who were already suffering from crop failures and economic hardships.
• The peasants, led by Gandhi, decided to withhold the payment of taxes and launched a nonviolent protest against the government's unjust policies.
• The movement gained widespread support from various sections of society, and the unity and resilience displayed by the peasants **forced the British government to eventually negotiate and suspend the collection of taxes.**​

Additional Information

• Champaran Satyagraha:
• The Champaran Satyagraha, which took place in 1917, was another significant movement initiated by Mahatma Gandhi in the Champaran district of Bihar, India.
• The movement aimed to address the exploitation of indigo farmers by British landlords who forced them to grow indigo on a significant portion of their land, leaving them in abject poverty.
• Gandhi organized protests and supported the peasants in their struggle for fair treatment, improved living conditions, and the right to cultivate crops of their choice.
• The Champaran Satyagraha marked Gandhi's first major nonviolent resistance movement in India and played a crucial role in establishing his leadership and principles of Satyagraha.
• Non-Cooperation Movement:
• The Non-Cooperation Movement, launched by Mahatma Gandhi in 1920, was a nationwide campaign against British rule in India.
• The movement aimed to achieve swaraj (self-rule) through nonviolent means and involved boycotting British goods, institutions, and practices.
• The movement received massive support from people across India, leading to the withdrawal of cooperation from British institutions, including schools, courts, and the civil service.
• However, the movement was suspended in 1922 after the Chauri Chaura incident, where violence erupted during a protest, leading Gandhi to call off the movement in order to maintain nonviolence as the guiding principle.
• Dandi March or Salt Satyagraha:
• The Dandi March, also known as the Salt Satyagraha, was a significant event in India's independence movement led by Mahatma Gandhi in 1930.
• The march began with Gandhi and a group of followers embarking on a 240-mile journey from Sabarmati Ashram to Dandi, Gujarat, to protest against the British monopoly on salt production and the imposed salt tax.
• The act of making salt from seawater at the coast of Dandi was a symbolic gesture challenging British laws, and it inspired people across India to participate in civil disobedience against the salt tax.
• The Dandi March gained immense national and international attention, further galvanizing the independence movement and highlighting the power of nonviolent resistance as a tool for change.

The correct answer is Monsoon trough

Key Points

• In India, during October-November, with the apparent movement of the sun towards the south, the Monsoon trough over the northern plains becomes weaker.
• The monsoon trough is a low-pressure system that develops over the northern plains of India during the summer monsoon season, which typically lasts from June to September.
• It is associated with the seasonal shift of the Inter-Tropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) and the movement of the sun towards the south.

Additional Information

• Upper-level trough 
• An upper-level trough refers to a region of relatively low atmospheric pressure in the upper levels of the atmosphere.
• It is not specifically associated with the movement of the sun or the monsoon season in India.
• Lee trough -
• A lee trough is a pressure trough that forms on the leeward side of a mountain range.
• It is not directly related to the movement of the sun or the monsoon season in India.
• Inverted trough
• An inverted trough is a meteorological term that describes a region of relatively low atmospheric pressure that extends vertically into the atmosphere.
• It is not specifically associated with the movement of the sun or the monsoon season in India.

The correct answer is 7000.

Key Points

• Techniques for making silk were first invented in China around 7000 years ago.
• The Chinese developed the art of sericulture, mastering the cultivation of silkworms and the collection of their silk cocoons.
• The secrecy surrounding silk production in China was maintained for centuries, with strict regulations on exporting silkworm eggs or cocoons, allowing the Chinese to maintain a monopoly on silk.
• The development of silk production in China played a pivotal role in the establishment of the Silk Road, enabling the exchange of **goods, ideas, and culture between China and other regions.**​

Additional Information

• Similar techniques in other cultures:
• Sericulture in Japan:
• ​The techniques of sericulture and silk production spread from China to Japan around the 3^rd century CE.
• Japanese sericulture adapted and refined Chinese methods, leading to the establishment of a unique silk industry in Japan.
• Silk production in India:
• ​India has a rich history of silk production, with evidence of silk production dating back to ancient times. Indian silk production techniques, known for their intricate designs and vibrant colours, have been developed and passed down through generations.
• India is renowned for its various silk types, such as Banarasi silk, Kanchipuram silk, and Mysore silk.

The correct answer is 

Key Points

• Ashwini Vaishnaw, Union Minister for Electronics & Information Technology, Railways and Communications, inaugurated the 3^rd edition of ‘NIC Tech Conclave 2022’.
• It was a two-day event being organized by the National Informatics Centre (NIC), at Vigyan Bhawan, New Delhi on March 3-4 2022.
• The theme for NIC Tech Conclave 2022 was “Next-Gen Technologies for Digital Government”.
• The aim of NIC Tech Conclave 2022 was to focus on Emerging Technologies applicable especially in e-Governance. ​

Additional Information

• Amit Shah:
• Currently serving as the 31^st Minister of Home Affairs since 2019 and the 1^st Minister of Co-operation of India since 2021.
• Served as the 10^th President of the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) from 2014 to 2020.
• Elected to the lower house of Parliament, Lok Sabha, in the 2019 Indian general elections from Gandhinagar.
• Smriti Irani:
• Currently serving as the Minister of Women and Child Development since 2019 and also Minister of Minority Affairs since 2022.
• Served as the Minister of Human Resource Development (2014 to 2016), Minister of Textiles (2016 to 2021), and Minister of Information and Broadcasting (2017 to 2018).
• Elected to the lower house of Parliament, Lok Sabha, in the 2019 Indian general elections from Amethi.
• A prominent leader within the Bharatiya Janata Party, she was the National President of the BJP Mahila Morcha (the party’s women’s wing) from 2010 to 2013.
• Rajnath Singh:
• Currently serving as the 29^th Defence Minister of India since 2019.
• Currently serving as the Deputy Leader of the House, Lok Sabha since 2019.
• Served as the 19^th Chief Minister of Uttar Pradesh from 2000 to 2002.
• Served as a Cabinet Minister for Road Transport and Highways in the Vajpayee Government from 1999 to 2000 and the Minister of Agriculture from 2003 to 2004.

The correct answer is Krishnamachari Srikkanth.

Key Points

• Krishnamachari Srikkanth was the highest scorer in the final match of the cricket world cup in 1983.
• He is a former Indian cricketer who played as an opening batsman.
• In the final match against the West Indies, Srikkanth scored 38 runs off 57 balls before being dismissed.
• Srikkanth's aggressive batting at the top of the order provided a solid start for the Indian team.

Additional Information

• Mohinder Amarnath:
• Mohinder Amarnath is a former Indian cricketer and all-rounder.
• He played a crucial role in the 1983 Cricket World Cup final match against the West Indies.
• Amarnath top-scored for India in the final, scoring 26 runs off 80 balls in difficult batting conditions.
• He also contributed with the ball, taking the wickets of Malcolm Marshall and Michael Holding, which helped India restrict the West Indies.
• Sunil Gavaskar:
• Sunil Gavaskar is a legendary Indian cricketer who is considered one of the greatest opening batsmen in the history of the game.
• He was part of the Indian team that won the 1983 Cricket World Cup.
• In the final match, Gavaskar scored just 2 runs before being dismissed.
• Despite his low score in the final, Gavaskar's contributions throughout the tournament were significant.
• Kapil Dev:
• Kapil Dev is a former Indian cricketer and all-rounder who captained the Indian team in the 1983 Cricket World Cup.
• He played a memorable innings against Zimbabwe, scoring 175 runs off 138 balls.
• Kapil Dev's innings, which included 16 fours and 6 sixes, played a crucial role in India's victory.
• His knock is considered one of the greatest in the history of One-Day Internationals.

The correct answer is Qatar.

Key Points

• Qatar hosted the Asian Athletics Championship in 2019.
• China emerged as the overall champions of the Asian Athletics Championship 2019, securing 59 medals, including 23 gold, 20 silver, and 16 bronze.
• Athletes from 44 countries across Asia participated in the championship, competing in a variety of track and field events.
• The mascot of the Asian Athletics Championship 2019 was the "Falcons of Qatari Heritage," representing the speed and grace of the falcon, a significant symbol in Qatari culture.
• The championship witnessed record-breaking performances, such as Bahrain's Salwa Eid Naser setting a new championship record in the women's 400 meters and Japan's Yuki Hashioka achieving the same in the men's long jump.

Additional Information

• Qatar FIFA World Cup 2022:
• The FIFA World Cup 2022, hosted by Qatar, attracted over 3.4 million spectators and set a record with 172 goals​.
• Argentina won the tournament, beating France in a thrilling final that saw notable performances from Lionel Messi and Kylian Mbappé​.
• The tournament had a significant online engagement, with nearly six billion interactions globally​​.
• The event's mascot was La’eeb and the official theme was "Hayya Hayya (Better Together)" performed by Trinidad Cardona, Davido, and AISHA​​.

The correct answer is cement industry.

Key Points

• Limestone is a key raw material in cement production.
• Limestone is a common type of carbonate sedimentary rock. It is composed mostly of the minerals calcite and aragonite, which are different crystal forms of calcium carbonate.
• It aids in reducing sulfur emissions during fuel combustion in cement kilns.
• Heating limestone produces clinker, which is ground to make cement.

Additional Information

• Igneous Rocks:
• Lava and magma combine to make igneous rock.
• As well as being called the major rock.
• Examples include granite and basalt.
• Sedimentary rocks:
• ​Rock fragments that have been deposited by foreign processes are what are known as sedimentary rocks.
• Alternatively, these are referred to as secondary rocks.
• For instance, shale, limestone, and sandstone.
• Metamorphic rocks:
• ​Rocks that have undergone metamorphism include those that have been produced through the recrystallization of previously existing rocks.
• A different term for metamorphic rocks is tertiary rocks.
• Examples include marble, quartzite, phyllite, schist, and gneiss.

The correct answer is 2017.

Key Points

• In 2017, the Supreme Court of India passed a landmark judgment declaring the practice of Triple Talaq as unconstitutional.
• Triple Talaq refers to the Islamic practice where a husband can instantly divorce his wife by saying the word "Talaq" (divorce) three times, often in a single setting.
• The court ruled that Triple Talaq violates the fundamental rights of Muslim women guaranteed under the Indian Constitution, including the right to equality and non-discrimination.
• The Supreme Court declared the practice of Triple Talaq void, meaning it has no legal validity or effect.
• Following the judgment, the practice of Triple Talaq is no longer recognized as a valid form of divorce in India, providing Muslim women with greater protection and ensuring their right to fair and dignified divorce proceedings.

Important Points

• Supreme Court of India:
• Article 124 of the Constitution of India establishes the Supreme Court as the highest court in the country and defines its composition and jurisdiction.
• It serves as the final court of appeal and has the power of constitutional review.
• The Supreme Court consists of a Chief Justice and a maximum of 34 judges.
• The President of India appoints judges based on recommendations from the Chief Justice and other senior judges.
• One of the key functions of the Supreme Court is to safeguard the Constitution of India.
• It has the power to interpret the Constitution and ensure that the laws enacted by the legislature are in line with constitutional provisions.
• The Supreme Court has jurisdiction over the entire territory of India and deals with both constitutional and legal matters.
• It hears appeals from the High Courts and other subordinate courts.

The correct answer is 75.

Key Points

• At the time of India's independence in 1947, approximately 75 per cent of the country's population relied on agriculture for their livelihoods.
• Agriculture played a central role in the rural economy, with a majority of the rural population engaged in farming or related agricultural activities.
• Most agricultural practices in India were characterized by subsistence farming, where farmers grew crops primarily to meet the needs of their own families and local communities.
• Agricultural practices were predominantly labour-intensive, with limited use of modern machinery or technology in farming operations.

Additional Information

• Agricultural population distribution according to Census 2011:
• According to the 2011 census, the majority of India's agricultural population resided in rural areas, reflecting the strong rural-urban divide in agricultural distribution.
• The census data revealed that a significant portion of India's population, approximately 67 per cent, was engaged in agricultural activities, highlighting the continued importance of agriculture in the country's economy.
• The census also highlighted regional disparities in agricultural population distribution, with certain states and regions having a higher concentration of agricultural workers compared to others.
• The census data indicated a trend of fragmented landholdings in India, with a large number of farmers cultivating small plots of land.
• This pattern of small-scale farming has implications for productivity and agricultural practices.
• The census revealed a gender disparity in the agricultural workforce, with a majority of agricultural workers being male.
• However, it also indicated a significant contribution by women to agricultural activities, highlighting their crucial role in the sector.

The correct answer is Oil of Vitriol.

Key Points

• Oil of Vitriol is an old term for sulfuric acid, and H₂SO₄ is indeed the chemical formula for sulfuric acid.
• It is a highly corrosive and strong acid commonly used in various industrial processes, such as battery production, fertilizers, and chemical synthesis.
• Oil of Vitriol was historically used in alchemy and early chemical experiments.
• The term "oil" in its name refers to the oily texture of concentrated sulfuric acid.

Additional Information

• Green Vitriol:
• Green Vitriol refers to iron(II) sulfate, which has the chemical formula FeSO₄.
• It is a green-coloured salt that can be found in nature as mineral, but it can also be prepared by dissolving iron in sulfuric acid.
• Green Vitriol is used in various applications, including water treatment, dyes, pigments, and as a fertilizer.
• Muriatic Acid:
• Muriatic Acid is an alternative name for hydrochloric acid, which has the chemical formula HCl.
• HCl is a strong, corrosive acid that is widely used in chemical laboratories, metal cleaning, and pickling processes.
• The term "muriatic" comes from "muria," which means brine or saltwater, as hydrochloric acid was historically produced from salt.
• Blue Vitriol:
• Blue Vitriol refers to copper(II) sulfate, with the chemical formula CuSO₄.
• It is a blue-coloured crystalline salt that is used in various applications, such as agriculture as a fungicide and herbicide, in electroplating, and as a laboratory reagent.
• Blue Vitriol has been historically used for various purposes, including dyeing, tanning, and in medicine as an astringent.

Given:

The batsman scores 97 runs in the 15^th inning.

This increases his average by 5 runs.

Formula used:

Average = Total runs / Number of innings

Solution:

Let x be the batsman's average after 14 innings.

We know that the total runs scored by the batsman in 14 innings is 14x.

According to the question:

14x + 97 = 15(x + 5)

14x + 97 = 15x + 75

x = 22

Average after 15^th innings  = x + 22 = 5 + 22 = 27

∴ Option 3 is the correct answer.

Shortcut Trick

Total Increase = 200000 − 145000 = 55000

Total % Increase = (55000 ÷ 145000) × 100 = 37.931%

Annual Growth Rate = Total % Increase ÷ 10 years

Annual Growth Rate = 37.931% ÷ 10 = 3.793%

∴ The correct answer is 3.793 percent.

Alternate Method

Given:

Initial Population (P₁) = 145000

Final Population (P₂) = 200000

Time Period (T) = 1 decade = 10 years

Formula Used:

Simple Annual Growth Rate = [((P₂ − P₁) ÷ P₁) × 100] ÷ T

Calculations:

⇒ Total Growth = 200000 − 145000 = 55000

⇒ Total Percentage Growth = (55000 ÷ 145000) × 100

⇒ Total Percentage Growth = (55 ÷ 145) × 100 = (11 ÷ 29) × 100

⇒ Total Percentage Growth ≈ 37.931%

⇒ Annual Growth Rate = 37.931% ÷ 10

⇒ Annual Growth Rate = 3.7931%

∴ The correct answer is 3.793 percent.

Additional Information

Simple vs Compound Growth

Simple growth rate assumes the increase is calculated only on the original base value, whereas compound growth (CAGR) accounts for growth on previous growth.

Percentage Change Formula

Percentage Change = [(Final Value − Initial Value) ÷ Initial Value] × 100.

Decadal Growth

Decadal growth refers to the total percentage increase over a 10-year span. To find the annual rate, divide the decadal percentage by 10.

Given:

A can paint 7 chairs in an hour.

B can paint 4 chairs in an hour.

Formula:

Total work = (A's rate)(B's rate)

Time = Total work/Combined rate

Solution:

The total work is 55 chairs. The combined rate is 7 + 4 = 11 chairs per hour. Therefore, the time required is:

Time = 55/11 = 5 hours

Therefore, A and B will require 5 hours to paint 55 chairs when they work together.

Shortcut Trick

Ratio of Amount (A) to Principal (P): A/P = 2028 ÷ 1875

Simplify by dividing both by 3: A/P = 676 ÷ 625

Express as a power of the rate factor (1 + 4/100 = 26/25):

676 ÷ 625 = (26 ÷ 25)²

The exponent represents the time period.

∴ The correct answer is 2 years.

Alternate Method

Given: Principal (P) = ₹1,875, Amount (A) = ₹2,028, Rate (R) = 4% per annum.

Formula Used: A = P(1 + R/100)ⁿ

⇒ 2028 = 1875(1 + 4/100)ⁿ

⇒ 2028 ÷ 1875 = (104/100)ⁿ

⇒ 676 ÷ 625 = (26/25)ⁿ

⇒ (26/25)² = (26/25)ⁿ

⇒ n = 2

∴ The correct answer is 2 years.

Additional Information

Compound Interest Formula

The amount A is calculated as A = P(1 + r/n)^nt, where n is the number of times interest is compounded per year.

Half-Yearly Compounding

If interest is compounded half-yearly, the rate becomes R/2 and the time period becomes 2n.

Effective Rate of Interest

For two years at R%, the effective CI rate is R + R + (R×R)/100 %.

Formula used:

(number/total) × 100 = percentage

Calculation:

37/55 × 100 = 67.27%

Therefore, 37 is 67.27% of 55.

Given:

Height of cylinder: 20 cm

The radius of the cylinder: 14 cm

Formula:

Volume of cylinder = πr²h

Where:

r = radius of the cylinder

h = height of cylinder

Solution:

The volume of the cylinder is:

Volume = πr²h = 22/7 × 14² × 20 = 12,320 cm³

Therefore, the volume of the cylinder is 12,320 cm3

Given:

Current population of the city = 125000

Growth rate = 2% per year

Number of years = 3

Formula:

Population after n years = P(1 + r/100)ⁿ

where:

P = Current population

r = Growth rate

n = Number of years

Solution:

Population after 3 years = 125000(1 + 2/100)³ = 125000(1.02)³ = 132651

Therefore, the population of the city after 3 years will be 132651.

Given:

Marked price of the washing machine = Rs. 23,500

Selling price of the washing machine = Rs. 20,915

Formula:

Discount = (Marked price - Selling price)/Marked price × 100

Solution:

Discount = (23500 - 20915)/23500 × 100 = 11%

Therefore, the percentage of discount offered by the shopkeeper is 11%.

Given:

The dealer professes to sell his goods at a loss of 16%.

He uses a 750 gm weight in place of a 1 kg weight.

Formula:

Profit/Loss% = [(Profit/Loss) / Cost Price] × 100

Solution:

Let the cost price of 1 kg of goods be Rs. 1000.

The dealer sells the goods at a loss of 16%, so the selling price is Rs. 840.

However, he uses a 750 gm weight in place of a 1 kg weight, so he actually sells 750 gm of goods for Rs. 840.

The cost price of 750 gm of goods is Rs. 750.

The dealer's profit is Rs. 90.

The dealer's profit percentage is:

(90/750) × 100 = 12%

Therefore, the dealer's total profit percentage is 12%.

Shortcut Trick

LCM of 32 and 40 = 160.

According to the given condition: X² − 9 = 160.

Adding 9 to both sides: X² = 169.

Taking square root: X = 13.

∴ The correct answer is 13.

Alternate Method

Given:

Numbers = 32 and 40.

Condition: LCM(32, 40) = X² − 9.

Step-by-step Calculation:

⇒ Prime factorization of 32 = 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 = 2⁵.

⇒ Prime factorization of 40 = 2 × 2 × 2 × 5 = 2³ × 5.

⇒ LCM (32, 40) = Highest power of all factors = 2⁵ × 5 = 32 × 5 = 160.

⇒ According to the problem: 160 = X² − 9.

⇒ X² = 160 + 9.

⇒ X² = 169.

⇒ X = √169.

⇒ X = 13 (Taking positive value as required).

∴ The correct answer is 13.

Additional Information

Least Common Multiple (LCM)

The LCM of two or more numbers is the smallest positive integer that is perfectly divisible by each of the given numbers.

Perfect Squares

A perfect square is an integer that is the square of an integer; for example, 169 is a perfect square because it equals 13².

Relationship between LCM and HCF

For any two positive integers a and b, the relationship is: LCM(a, b) × HCF(a, b) = a × b.

Given:

Cost price = ₹135

Selling price = ₹150

Formula:

Gain percentage = (Selling price - Cost price)/Cost price × 100

Solution:

Gain percentage = (150 - 135)/135 × 100 = 11.11%

Therefore, the man's gain percentage is 11.11%

Given:

Curved surface area = 4,455 cm2

Diameter = 105 cm

π = 22/7

Formula:

Curved surface area of a cone = πrl

here:

r = radius of the cone

l = slant height of the cone

Solution:

First, we need to find the radius of the cone. We know that the diameter is 105 cm, so the radius is 105/2 = 52.5 cm.

4455 = (22/7) × 52.5 × l

l = 4455 × 7/(22 × 52.5)

l = 27 cm

Therefore, the slant height of the cone is 27 cm.

Calculation:

Saloni beat Shweta by 100 m

Saloni : Shweta = 1000 : (1000 - 100) = 1000 : 900 = 10 : 9        -----(i)

Shweta beat Sonam by 150 m

Shweta : Sonam = 1000 : (1000 - 150) = 1000 : 850 = 20 : 17            ----- (ii)

From 20 × (i) and 9 × (ii)

A : B = 200 : 180

B : C = 180 : 153

Now, Saloni: Shweta : Sonam = 200 : 180 : 153

Saloni : Sonam = 200 : 153

When Saloni covers 200 m then Sonam covers = 153 m

Saloni covers 1000 then Sonam covers = 153 × 5 =765

Saloni beat will Sonam in a race of 1000 m = 1000 - 765 = 235 m

Shortcut Trick

Let the prime numbers in ascending order be P₁, P₂, P₃, and P₄.

Ratio of products: (P₁ × P₂ × P₃) ÷ (P₂ × P₃ × P₄) = 255 ÷ 1955

Canceling common factors: P₁ ÷ P₄ = 255 ÷ 1955

Simplify fraction: 255 ÷ 1955 = 51 ÷ 391 = 3 ÷ 23 (dividing by 5 and then by 17)

Since P₁ and P₄ are prime numbers, P₁ = 3 and P₄ = 23.

∴ The correct answer is 23.

Alternate Method

Given: Product of first three (P₁ × P₂ × P₃) = 255 and Product of last three (P₂ × P₃ × P₄) = 1955.

Factorize 255 to find the first three prime numbers:

⇒ 255 = 5 × 51

⇒ 255 = 5 × 3 × 17

⇒ Arranging in ascending order: 3, 5, 17

⇒ So, P₁ = 3, P₂ = 5, and P₃ = 17.

Now, substitute P₂ and P₃ into the second product equation:

⇒ P₂ × P₃ × P₄ = 1955

⇒ 5 × 17 × P₄ = 1955

⇒ 85 × P₄ = 1955

⇒ P₄ = 1955 ÷ 85

⇒ P₄ = 23

∴ The correct answer is 23.

Additional Information

Prime Numbers

A prime number is a natural number greater than 1 that has no positive divisors other than 1 and itself (e.g., 2, 3, 5, 7, 11...).

Fundamental Theorem of Arithmetic

Every composite number can be expressed uniquely as a product of prime numbers, regardless of the order of the factors.

Co-prime Numbers

Two numbers are co-prime if their highest common factor (HCF) is 1. All distinct prime numbers are co-prime to each other.

Given:

A boy travelled from the home to the college at the rate of 35 km/h and walked back at the rate of 3 km/h.

Total time taken = 6 h 30 min

Concept used:

Time = Distance/Speed

Calculation:

Let the distance travelled by him be x km

According to the question,

(x/35) + (x/3) = 6 h 30 min or 13/2 hours

⇒ [(3x + 35x)/105] = 13/2

⇒ [(38x)/105] = 13/2

⇒ x = (13 × 105)/76

⇒ x = 17.96 km

∴ The distance of the hospital from the village 17.96 km

Calculation

LCM of 68, 51, and 17 is 204

1-day work of Aman 204/68 = 3

1-day work of Ram 204/51 = 4

1-day work of Kapil 204/17 = 12

50% of the work is 204/2 = 102

(Aman + Ram + Kapil) work units per 3 days work = 3 + 4 + 12 = 19 units 

(Aman + Ram + Kapil) 15 days work = 19 × 5 = 95 

Now on 16^th day Aman will work 95 + 3 = 98

Now on 17^th day Ram will work 98 + 4 = 102

∴ Required time to complete work = 17 days.

GIVEN:

Numbers  = 0.64 and 0.81

FORMULA USED:

Mean proportional = √a × b

CALCULATION:

Let, x be the mean proportional

As we know that, mean proportional = √a × b

Where a and b are outer elements of proportion

${x^2}$ = 0.64 × 0.81

x = 0.72

Calculation:

Let the two numbers be 3x and 8x.

When 8 is added to each number, the ratio becomes 1 ∶ 2.

This means that (3x + 8)/(8x + 8) = 1/2.

Solving for x, we get x = 4.

Therefore, the two numbers are 12 and 32.

If 4 is subtracted from each number, the ratio will become:

(12 - 4)/(32 - 4) = 8/28 = 4/14 = 2/7

Therefore, the ratio of the two numbers after 4 is subtracted from each number is 2 ∶ 7.

Calculation:

The farmer has a total of 10 + 40 = 50 animals.

A parrot has 2 legs and a horse has 4 legs.

The total number of legs is 2 × 10 + 4 × 40 = 180

The average number of legs per animal is 180/50 = 3.6

So the answer is 3.6

Shortcut Trick

Ratio of Initial MP to CP = (100 + Profit%) ÷ (100 − Discount%) = 105 ÷ 90 = 7/6

New MP = Initial MP × 1.05 = (7/6) × 1.05 = 1.225 times of CP

Multiplier for two 5% successive discounts = 0.95 × 0.95 = 0.9025

Ratio of New SP to CP = 1.225 × 0.9025 = 1.10556

New Profit % = (1.10556 − 1) × 100 = 10.556% ≈ 10.5%

∴ The correct answer is 10.5%.

Alternate Method

Given:

⇒ Initial Discount (D) = 10%

⇒ Initial Profit (P) = 5%

⇒ Increase in Marked Price = 5%

⇒ Successive discounts on new MP = 5% and 5%

Formula Used:

⇒ MP = CP × (100 + P) ÷ (100 − D)

⇒ Equivalent Discount = d₁ + d₂ − (d₁ × d₂) ÷ 100

CP = 100MP₁ = 116.67+ 5%MP₂ = 122.5- 9.75%SP₂ = 110.56Profit = + 10.56%Markup

Calculations:

⇒ Let Cost Price (CP) = 100

⇒ Initial Selling Price (SP) = 100 + 5% of 100 = 105

⇒ Initial Marked Price (MP) = 105 ÷ (1 − 0.10) = 105 ÷ 0.90 = 116.67

⇒ New Marked Price = 116.67 × (1 + 0.05) = 116.67 × 1.05 = 122.5

⇒ Equivalent discount for two 5% discounts = 5 + 5 − (5 × 5) ÷ 100 = 10 − 0.25 = 9.75%

⇒ New Selling Price = 122.5 × (1 − 0.0975) = 122.5 × 0.9025 = 110.556

⇒ Overall Profit = New SP − CP = 110.556 − 100 = 10.556

⇒ Profit % = 10.556% ≈ 10.5%

∴ The correct answer is 10.5%.

Additional Information

Markup and Discount Relation

MP/CP = (100 + Profit%) ÷ (100 − Discount%). This direct ratio equation is highly useful for directly jumping between Marked Price and Cost Price without calculating the intermediate Selling Price.

Successive Discounts

Two successive discounts of x% and y% are structurally equivalent to a single effective discount of (x + y − xy÷100)%.

Base of Calculations

Unless specified otherwise, Profit and Loss are always evaluated on the Cost Price (CP), whereas Discounts are strictly evaluated on the Marked Price (MP).

The correct answer is 'Option 2'.

Key Points

• The correct substitution is option 2) "construction of the ground floor".
• The sentence appears to be discussing a construction project.
• In this context, the term "ground floor" is the most appropriate because it refers to the first or main level of a building.
• The original underlined word, "flour", is a typo. It refers to a type of food substance and does not fit in the context of construction.
• The other options "flavor", "flower", and "flounder" also don't fit the context because they do not have meanings related to building construction.

Therefore, the correct sentence is: 'As of now, they have finished the construction of the ground floor.'

The correct answer is 'Option 4'.

Key Points

• The correct substitution is option 4) "was delighted".
• The original sentence "I was delight in the moment I saw her" is grammatically incorrect.
• The phrase "was delighted" is the proper form for expressing that the speaker experienced a feeling of delight or pleasure.
• The word "delighted" is a past participle adjective that describes the speaker's state or feeling.

Therefore, the correct sentence is: 'I was delighted in the moment I saw her.'

Additional Information

• Option 1) "delighted at" could be grammatically correct in some contexts, but the preposition "at" is less commonly used with "delighted" than "by" or "with".
• Option 2) "had delightful" is grammatically incorrect in this context.
• Option 3) "was delighting" suggests an ongoing action rather than a state or feeling, which seems less likely given the context.

The correct answer is 'Option 3' i.e. 'Fatal'.

Key Points

• The correct answer is 3) "fatal".
• The word "deadly" means something that is capable of causing death. In the sentence, it is used to describe the severity of the accident.
• The word "fatal" is a synonym of "deadly" and it also means causing death.(घातक)
• Hence, it is the most appropriate word to fill in the blank.

Therefore, the correct answer is: 'Fatal'.

Additional Information

• Now let's look at the meanings of all the words:
• Vital - In English, "vital" means absolutely necessary or important; essential.(आवश्यक)
• Deaden - In English, "deaden" means make less strong or intense. (कमजोर करना)
• Explicit - In English, "explicit" means stated clearly and in detail, leaving no room for confusion or doubt.(स्पष्ट)

The correct answer is 'Option 3' i.e**. 'Gregarious'.**

Key Points

• The correct antonym for "Solitary" is 3) "Gregarious".
• "Solitary" in English means being, living, or going alone or without companions.(अकेला)
• "Gregarious", on the other hand, describes someone who enjoys being in crowds and socializing.(समाजसुखी)

Therefore, the correct answer is: 'Gregarious'.

Additional Information

• Now, let's look at the meanings of all the options:
• Indifferent - In English, "indifferent" means having no particular interest or sympathy; unconcerned. (उदासीन)
• Lone - In English, "lone" means having no companions; solitary or single.(अकेला)
• Loan - In English, "loan" refers to a thing that is borrowed, especially a sum of money that is expected to be paid back with interest. (ऋण)

The correct answer is 'Option 2' i.e. 'Shine'.

Key Points

• The correct synonym for the underlined word "lustre" in the given sentence is 2) "shine".
• The word "lustre" in English refers to a gentle sheen or soft glow, especially that of a partially reflective surface.
• It's often used to describe the quality of light reflected from things like pearls or gems.(चमक)
• "Shine" is a suitable synonym for "lustre" as it refers to the quality of brightness from a reflected light.(चमक)

Therefore, the correct answer is: 'Shine'.

Additional Information 

• Now, let's look at the meanings of all the options:
• Front - In English, "front" means the side or part of an object that presents itself to view or that is normally seen or used first; the most forward part of something.(सामने)
• Lustful - In English, "lustful" means having or showing strong feelings of sexual desire. (कामुक)
• Gloom - In English, "gloom" refers to partial or total darkness. It's often used metaphorically to describe a state of depression or despondency.(अन्धकार)

The correct answer is 'Option 3' i.e. 'Homeless'.

Key Points

• The correct answer is 3) "homeless".
• In the given sentence, the context suggests that the person is living on the street, indicating that they do not have a home.
• Therefore, "homeless" is the most appropriate word to fill in the blank.

Therefore, the correct sentence is: 'The person in ragged clothes sleeping on the street is a homeless man.'

Additional Information

• "Cunning" means having or showing skill in achieving one's ends by deceit or evasion. There's no information given in the sentence to suggest this trait.
• "Learned" means having much knowledge acquired by study. The sentence does not provide any information about the person's educational or knowledge status.
• "Wealthy" means having a great deal of money, resources, or assets; rich. The description of the person in the sentence suggests the opposite.

The correct answer is 'Option 3' i.e. 'Ample'.

 Key Points

• The correct synonym for the underlined word "abundant" in the given sentence is 3) "ample".
• The word "abundant" in English refers to existing or available in large quantities; plentiful. (प्रचुर)
• "Ample" is a suitable synonym for "abundant" as it also means enough or more than enough; plentiful. (पर्याप्त)

Therefore, the correct answer is: 'Ample'.

Additional Information

• Now, let's look at the meanings of all the options:
• Artificial - In English, "artificial" means made or produced by human beings rather than occurring naturally.(कृत्रिम)
• Sparse - In English, "sparse" refers to thinly dispersed or scattered; not thick or dense.(विरल)
• Natural - In English, "natural" refers to existing in or derived from nature; not made or caused by humankind. (प्राकृतिक)

The correct answer is 'Underlying reason​'.

Key Points

• The correct meaning of the idiom "The whys and wherefores" is 1) "Underlying reason".
• The phrase "the whys and wherefores" is an idiom in English language that means the underlying reasons or causes of something.
• It refers to the explanations or justifications for an occurrence or action.
• Underlying reason - This refers to the fundamental cause or basis of something.(मूल कारण)

Therefore, the correct answer is: 'Underlying reason'.

Additional Information

• Now, let's look at the meanings of all the options:
• Summary - In English, "summary" refers to a brief statement or account of the main points of something.(सारांश)
• Interrogation - In English, "interrogation" refers to the action of asking questions, especially formally or officially.(पूछताछ)
• Minute observation - This refers to detailed and careful observation.(सूक्ष्म निरीक्षण)

The correct answer is 'Option 3' i.e**. 'Rejection'.**

Key Points

• The correct antonym for "Acceptance" is 3) "Rejection".
• The word "Acceptance" in English refers to the action of consenting to receive or undertake something offered. (स्वीकृति)
• "Rejection", on the other hand, refers to the act of refusing to accept, consider, submit to, take for some purpose, or use. (अस्वीकार)

Therefore, the correct answer is: 'Rejection'.

Additional Information

• Now, let's look at the meanings of all the options:
• Stoppage - In English, "stoppage" means the action of stopping something. (रोक)
• Allocation - In English, "allocation" refers to the action or process of allocating or distributing something.(आवंटन)
• Trouble - In English, "trouble" refers to difficulty or problems. (मुसीबत)

The correct answer is 'Option 3' i.e. 'Orthopaedic'.

Key Points

• The incorrectly spelled word in the sentence is "orthopidic".
• The correct spelling is 3) "Orthopaedic".
• "Orthopaedic" is an adjective that pertains to the branch of medicine dealing with the correction of deformities of bones or muscles.
• This specialized branch of medicine is related to conditions involving the musculoskeletal system and requires specialized medical training to practice

Additional Information Orthopaedics is the preferred spelling in British English, while American English 'orthopedics' is correct.

Therefore, the correct answer is: 'Orthopaedic'.

The correct answer is 'Option 3'.

Key Points

• The segment that contains a grammatical error is "is knowing".
• In English, the verb "know" is a stative verb, not an action verb, meaning it describes a state or condition, not an action that is happening.
• Therefore, it's not typically used in the continuous tense. The correct form should be "knows".

Therefore, the correct sentence would be: "My aunt Geeta knows my friend Rudransh very well."

Additional Information

• Here's a brief explanation of the other options:
• "Very well" - This is an adverb phrase used to describe the extent of the verb. In this case, it's used to indicate the depth of knowledge or familiarity. There's no error here.
• "My aunt Geeta" - This is a proper noun phrase serving as the subject of the sentence. There's no error in this segment.
• "My friend Rudransh" - This is a noun phrase serving as the object of the sentence. Again, there's no error in this segment.

The correct answer is 'Option 1' i.e. 'Spead'.

Key Points

• The incorrectly spelled word here is 1) "Spead". The correct spelling is "Speed".
• "Speed" in English refers to the rate at which someone or something moves or operates.
• It can also refer to the swiftness of an action or function.(गति)

Therefore, the correct answer is: 'Spead'.

Additional Information

• Let's look at the meanings of all the options:
• Task - This word is spelled correctly. In English, "task" refers to a piece of work to be done or undertaken.(कार्य)
• Salt - This word is spelled correctly. In English, "salt" refers to a white crystalline substance that gives seawater its characteristic taste and is used for seasoning or preserving food. (नमक)
• Brand - This word is spelled correctly. In English, "brand" refers to a type of product manufactured by a particular company under a particular name.(ब्रांड)

The correct answer is 'Option 3' i.e. 'Liberty'.

Key Points

• The correct antonym for "Captivity" is 3) "Liberty".
• The word "Captivity" in English refers to the condition of being imprisoned or confined.(बंदी)
• "Liberty", on the other hand, refers to the state of being free within society from oppressive restrictions imposed by authority on one's way of life, behavior, or political views. (स्वतंत्रता)

Therefore, the correct answer is: 'Liberty'.

Additional Information

• Now, let's look at the meanings of all the options:
• Persistent - In English, "persistent" refers to continuing firmly or obstinately in a course of action in spite of difficulty or opposition.(दृढ़)
• Accused - In English, "accused" refers to a person or group of people who are charged with or on trial for a crime.(आरोपी)
• Haemorrhage - In English, "haemorrhage" refers to an escape of blood from a ruptured blood vessel, especially when profuse.(रक्तस्राव)

The correct answer is 'Option 1' i.e. 'Kind'.

Key Points

• The correct homonym to fill in the blank is 1) "kind".
• A homonym is a word that is said or spelled the same way as another word but has a different meaning.
• "Kind" can mean a category or type of something, and it can also refer to being nice or generous, which is a different meaning.
• In the sentence "What _________ of a movie is this?" we are looking for a category or type, so "kind" is the correct word to use.

Therefore, the correct sentence is: "What kind of a movie is this?"

Additional Information

• The other options do not fit grammatically or contextually in this sentence:
• "Can" is a verb that is used to express ability or capacity, or it's a noun that refers to a container. It doesn't fit in this sentence.
• "Keen" is an adjective used to describe eagerness or enthusiasm. It doesn't fit in this sentence.
• "Con" is a verb that means to trick or deceive someone, or it's a noun that refers to a disadvantage or a negative point. It doesn't fit in this sentence.

The correct answer is 'Option 1' i.e. 'Faint'.

Key Points

• The correct word to fill in the blank is 1) "faint".
• The phrase "not for the faint of heart" is a common English idiom that is used to describe something that requires a lot of courage to withstand or undertake, often because it is shocking or frightening.
• In this context, "The Conjuring is not a movie for the faint of heart" means that the movie is likely to be scary or intense, and therefore might not be suitable for people who are easily frightened or sensitive.

Therefore, the correct sentence is: 'The Conjuring is not a movie for the faint of heart.'

Additional Information

• The other options do not fit this phrase as it is commonly used:
• "Emotional" - While it's true that emotionally sensitive people might be more affected by a scary movie, this is not the usual wording of this idiom.
• "Strong" - This contradicts the intended meaning. The phrase is meant to suggest that strength or courage is needed, not that the activity or item is unsuitable for the strong.
• "Paint" - This is not a term that would be used to describe a person's heart or nature.

The correct answer is 'Option 4' i.e. 'Escalating'.

Key Points

• The most appropriate option to fill in blank number 1 is 4) "escalating".
• In the context of this passage, the blockade has caused shortages and influenced the costs of essential supplies such as fuel and food.
• "Escalating" means increasing or rapidly growing, and is the most appropriate word to describe the costs of essential supplies in this situation.
• The blockade would likely lead to an increase in prices, not a decrease, as scarcity tends to drive prices up.

Therefore, the correct sentence is: 'The blockade of the national highways leading to the Manipur valley, called by the United Naga Council (UNC), has been in place since 1 November. This has severely affected life in the State, with shortages and escalating costs of essential supplies such as fuel and food, even as demonetisation has (2)__________ problems. Blockades like this are not new to Manipur. In 2011, there was initially a hundred-day- plus blockade enforced by Kuki-led groups, and countered later by Naga groups, which together had a (3)__________ effect on life in Manipur. This time the blockade is in place to oppose the creation of new districts by the OkramIbobi Singh government. On 9 December it issued a (4) __________ notification for the creation of seven new districts by bifurcating seven (of a total of nine) districts. This decision had as much to do with long-pending demands — in particular, for a new Kuki-majority district to be carved out of the larger Senapati hill district — as with easing administrative access to (5)__________ areas from the district headquarters.'

Additional Information

• Let's review the other options:
• "Diminishing" would suggest the costs are reducing, which is the opposite of what would happen during a blockade, so it's not the best fit here.
• "Upfront" refers to costs paid or benefits received before a certain action takes place. It does not fit this context as we're discussing changes in costs over time due to a blockade.
• "Varying" suggests the costs are changing, but it doesn't necessarily imply an increase. Since a blockade would typically result in cost increases due to supply shortages, "escalating" is more specific and thus a better choice.

The correct answer is 'Option 2' i.e. 'Exacerbated'.

Key Points

• The most appropriate option to fill in blank number 2 is 2) "exacerbated".
• In the context of this passage, demonetisation is mentioned as an additional factor that has influenced the situation caused by the blockade.
• The word "exacerbated", which means to make something worse or more severe, fits perfectly in this context.
• It implies that demonetisation has further worsened the problems caused by the blockade.

Therefore, the correct sentence is:  'The blockade of the national highways leading to the Manipur valley, called by the United Naga Council (UNC), has been in place since 1 November. This has severely affected life in the State, with shortages and escalating costs of essential supplies such as fuel and food, even as demonetisation has exacerbated problems. Blockades like this are not new to Manipur. In 2011, there was initially a hundred-day- plus blockade enforced by Kuki-led groups, and countered later by Naga groups, which together had a (3)__________ effect on life in Manipur. This time the blockade is in place to oppose the creation of new districts by the OkramIbobi Singh government. On 9 December it issued a (4) __________ notification for the creation of seven new districts by bifurcating seven (of a total of nine) districts. This decision had as much to do with long-pending demands — in particular, for a new Kuki-majority district to be carved out of the larger Senapati hill district — as with easing administrative access to (5)__________ areas from the district headquarters.'

Additional Information 

• Let's consider the other options:
• "Vindicated" means proved right or justified, which doesn't make sense in this context. The passage doesn't suggest that demonetisation has justified or proved right the problems caused by the blockade.
• "Pacified" means to quell the anger, agitation, or excitement of. In this context, it doesn't fit as we're not talking about calming down or appeasing the problems.
• "Exceed" means to go beyond in quantity, degree, rate, etc. Here, it's unclear what it would mean for demonetisation to 'exceed' problems, so it's not the right choice.

The correct answer is 'Option 3' i.e**. 'Debilitating'.**

Key Points

• The most appropriate option to fill in blank number 3 is 3) "debilitating".
• In the context of this passage, the word describes the effect of the blockades enforced by different groups in 2011.
• "Debilitating" means causing serious impairment of strength or ability, or making someone very weak and infirm.
• Given that blockades cause severe disruptions, it is reasonable to assume that they had a debilitating, or severely damaging, effect on life in Manipur.

Therefore, the correct sentence is: 'The blockade of the national highways leading to the Manipur valley, called by the United Naga Council (UNC), has been in place since 1 November. This has severely affected life in the State, with shortages and escalating costs of essential supplies such as fuel and food, even as demonetisation has exacerbated problems. Blockades like this are not new to Manipur. In 2011, there was initially a hundred-day- plus blockade enforced by Kuki-led groups, and countered later by Naga groups, which together had a debilitating effect on life in Manipur. This time the blockade is in place to oppose the creation of new districts by the OkramIbobi Singh government. On 9 December it issued a (4) __________ notification for the creation of seven new districts by bifurcating seven (of a total of nine) districts. This decision had as much to do with long-pending demands — in particular, for a new Kuki-majority district to be carved out of the larger Senapati hill district — as with easing administrative access to (5)__________ areas from the district headquarters.'

Additional Information

• Let's consider the other options:
• "Counter" is usually used as a prefix or an adjective to describe something that opposes or resists. It does not make sense here because it does not describe an effect.
• "Acting" is usually used to describe someone who is temporarily doing the job of someone else. It does not make sense here because it does not describe an effect.
• "Befitting" means appropriate or suitable, which is not the correct context in this case. The effect of the blockades would be negative, not suitable or appropriate.

The correct answer is 'Option 3' i.e. 'Gazette'.

Key Points

• The most appropriate option to fill in blank number 4 is 3) "gazette".
• In this context, the government would issue a "gazette" notification to officially announce the creation of new districts.
• A "gazette" is an official journal or newspaper of a government, containing the authorized notices of its actions, such as legal notices, notifications, and other proclamations.

Therefore, the correct sentence is: 'The blockade of the national highways leading to the Manipur valley, called by the United Naga Council (UNC), has been in place since 1 November. This has severely affected life in the State, with shortages and escalating costs of essential supplies such as fuel and food, even as demonetisation has exacerbated problems. Blockades like this are not new to Manipur. In 2011, there was initially a hundred-day- plus blockade enforced by Kuki-led groups, and countered later by Naga groups, which together had a debilitating effect on life in Manipur. This time the blockade is in place to oppose the creation of new districts by the OkramIbobi Singh government. On 9 December it issued a gazette notification for the creation of seven new districts by bifurcating seven (of a total of nine) districts. This decision had as much to do with long-pending demands — in particular, for a new Kuki-majority district to be carved out of the larger Senapati hill district — as with easing administrative access to (5)__________ areas from the district headquarters.'

Additional Information

• Let's consider the other options:
• "Detail" - The word "detail" as a noun typically refers to an individual feature, fact, or item. As a verb, it means to describe or list something carefully or thoroughly. Neither usage fits the context of an official government announcement.
• "Lively" - This adjective typically describes something that is full of life and energy, or an event or discussion that is exciting and full of activity. It does not fit in the context of an official government announcement.
• "Live" - This adjective describes something that is happening now, or a broadcast that is being transmitted at the time of speaking. It doesn't fit in the context of an official government announcement.

Hinglish

• सही शब्द का चयन करने के लिए वाक्य के संदर्भ को समझना महत्वपूर्ण है।
• चौथे रिक्त स्थान के संदर्भ में, नए जिलों के निर्माण के औपचारिक अधिसूचना की बात हो रही है।
• 'Detail' (विस्तार): इस संदर्भ में यह शब्द अनुपयोगी है क्योंकि इसका अर्थ होता है विवरण या विस्तार, जो अधिसूचना का प्रकार नहीं होता।
• 'Lively' (जीवंत): इस शब्द का अर्थ है जीवंत या ऊर्जावान, जिसका इस संदर्भ में कोई प्रासंगिकता नहीं है।
• 'Gazette' (राजपत्र): यह एक सरकारी अधिकारिक पत्रिका होती है जिसमें सरकार द्वारा किए गए निर्णयों, अधिसूचनाओं और कानूनों को शामिल किया जाता है। यह शब्द इस संदर्भ में उपयुक्त है।
• 'Live' (प्रत्यक्ष): इसका अर्थ होता है प्रत्यक्ष या सीधा प्रसारण, जिसका इस संदर्भ में कोई प्रासंगिकता नहीं है।
• इस प्रकार, रिक्त स्थान के लिए सबसे उपयुक्त विकल्प 'गज़ेट' है।
• इस प्रकार पूरा वाक्य होगा: 
• "9 दिसंबर को उसने सात नए जिलों के निर्माण के लिए एक गज़ेट अधिसूचना जारी की।"

The correct answer is 'Option 1' i.e. 'Far-flung'.

Key Points

• The most appropriate option to fill in blank number 5 is 1) "far-flung".
• The term "far-flung" is used to describe places that are a great distance away or are very spread out.
• In the context of the sentence, it refers to areas in the new districts that are distant from the district headquarters.
• The term suggests that one of the reasons for the creation of new districts is to facilitate better administrative access to these remote locations.

Therefore, the correct sentence is:  'The blockade of the national highways leading to the Manipur valley, called by the United Naga Council (UNC), has been in place since 1 November. This has severely affected life in the State, with shortages and escalating costs of essential supplies such as fuel and food, even as demonetisation has exacerbated problems. Blockades like this are not new to Manipur. In 2011, there was initially a hundred-day- plus blockade enforced by Kuki-led groups, and countered later by Naga groups, which together had a debilitating effect on life in Manipur. This time the blockade is in place to oppose the creation of new districts by the OkramIbobi Singh government. On 9 December it issued a gazette notification for the creation of seven new districts by bifurcating seven (of a total of nine) districts. This decision had as much to do with long-pending demands — in particular, for a new Kuki-majority district to be carved out of the larger Senapati hill district — as with easing administrative access to far-flung areas from the district headquarters.'

Additional Information

• Here's an explanation of the other options:
• "Offshore" - This term typically refers to something located or taking place at sea, away from the coast, such as offshore oil drilling. It wouldn't be applicable to the context of districts and their administration.
• "Outskirts" - This term refers to the outer parts of a town or city. Although it could potentially fit the sentence, it does not convey the idea of distance and spread that "far-flung" does.
• "Secluded" - This term refers to places that are private and not near people, often by choice. It doesn't necessarily indicate a geographical distance or the difficulty of administrative access, which is the focus of the context.

'प्रार्थना' शब्द का सही अर्थ- "विनय पूर्वक विनती करना" है। 

Key Points

• वाक्‍य- मैंने विद्यालय के प्रधानाचार्य से प्रार्थना की कि मुझे छात्रवृत्ति प्रदान करें।
• उपरोक्‍त वाक्‍य में द‍िया गया शब्‍द प्रार्थना का अर्थ- व‍िनय पूर्वक व‍िनती करना है।
• अन्‍य व‍िकल्‍प असंगत हैं।

Important Points  

Additional Information 

वाक्‍य में "दीया" शब्‍द में त्रुटि है। अन्‍य व‍िकल्‍प असंगत हैं। 

Key Points

• वाक्‍य- मैंने हाथ जोड़ दीया। इस वाक्‍य में दीया शब्‍द में त्रुटि है।
• सही वाक्‍य- मैंने हाथ जोड़ द‍िया।
• अन्‍य व‍िकल्‍प असंगत हैं।

Important Points

Additional Information वाक्‍य में अशुद्धियाँ- ​

• वाक्‍य सम्‍प्रेषण की सबसे महत्‍वपूर्ण और सार्थक इकाई है अत: वाक्‍यगत अशुद्धियों को शुद्ध रूप में लिखना वाक्‍य को अधिक सरल बनाता है।
• वाक्‍य में पदक्रम, पुनरावृत्ति, वर्तनी, शब्‍द-अर्थ, संज्ञा, सर्वनाम, लिंग, वचन, क्रिया, विशेषण, क्रिया-विशेषण आदि अशुद्धियॉं हो सकती हैं।

रेखांकित शब्द-समूह के लिए सर्वाधिक उपयुक्त शब्‍द "अनगिनत" है।

Key Points

• वाक्‍य- आकाश में इतने तारे हैं कि गिने न जा सकें।
• रेखांक‍ित शब्‍द-समूह के अनग‍िनत एक शब्‍द का प्रयोग क‍िया जाएगा।
• अनग‍िनत- गिने न जा सकें।

अन्‍य व‍िकल्‍प- 

Additional Information 

"नाप तौलकर खर्च करने वाला- मितभाषी" वाक्यांश और उसके लिए एक शब्द का युग्म अशुद्ध है। 

Key Points

• अशुद्ध युग्‍म- नाप तौलकर खर्च करने वाला- मितभाषी।
• शुद्ध युग्‍म-   नाप तौलकर खर्च करने वाला- म‍ितव्‍ययी।
• मितभाषी- वह जो बहुत कम बोलता हो।
• अन्‍य व‍िकल्‍पों में द‍िए गए युग्‍म सही हैं।

Important Points

Additional Information