SSC GD Constable (2022) Official Paper (Held On : 10 Jan 2023 Shift 2) (Previous Year Paper)

The logic here followed is:

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 1".

Given : 

1. Six girls - D, K, M, P, R and S
2. All of them are sitting around a circular table.
3. All of them are facing the centre.

Explanation : 

1) S is sitting third to the left of R.

2. P is sitting to the immediate right of R and to the immediate left of D.

3) M is sitting to the immediate left of R.

4. K is sitting to the immediate right of S and to the immediate left of M. 

Thus, according to the final arrangement S is the immediate neighbour of K and D.

Hence, "S" is the correct answer.

Given statement : 42 + 12 ÷ 24 × 84 - 14 = 91

According to the question, after interchanging the signs:

So,

• Option - (1) : + and ×​

Given statement : 42 + 12 ÷ 24 × 84 - 14 = 91

After interchanging

42 × 12 ÷ 24 + 84 - 14 = 91

42 × 0.5 + 84 - 14 = 91

21 + 84 - 14 = 91

105 - 14 = 91

91 = 91 (LHS = RHS)

• Option - (2) : ÷ and -

Given statement : 42 + 12 ÷ 24 × 84 - 14 = 91

After interchanging:

42 + 12 - 24 × 84 ÷ 14 = 91

42 + 12 - 24 × 6 = 91

42 + 12 - 144 = 91

54 - 144 = 91

-90 ≠ 91 (LHS ≠ RHS)

• Option - (3) : - and +

Given statement : 42 + 12 ÷ 24 × 84 - 14 = 91

After interchanging:

42 - 12 ÷ 24 × 84 + 14 = 91

42 - 0.5 × 84 + 14 = 91

42 + 14 - 42 = 91

56 - 42 = 91

14 ≠ 91 (LHS ≠ RHS)

• Option - (4) : × and ÷

Given statement : 42 + 12 ÷ 24 × 84 - 14 = 91

After interchanging:

42 + 12 × 24 ÷ 84 - 14 = 91

42 + 12 × 3.5 - 14 = 91

42 + 42 - 14 = 91

84 - 14 = 91

70 ≠ 91 (LHS ≠ RHS)

Hence, "Option - (1)" is the correct answer.

Pediatrician : Children ⇒

In this analogy, we're looking at the specializations of different types of doctors. A pediatrician is a type of doctor who specializes in the medical care and treatment of children.

 

Dermatologist : ?  ⇒

 

Similarly, a dermatologist is a type of doctor who specializes in the medical care and treatment of the skin. Therefore, "Skin" is related to "Dermatologist" in the same way "Children" is related to "Pediatrician".

Hence, The correct answer is 4) Skin.

The correct option that indicates the arrangement of the given words in the order in which they appear in an English dictionary is:

5**. loc**ker

1. lonely
2. longitude
3. lounge
4. lovely

Hence, '5, 1, 2, 4, 3' is the correct answer.

The logic followed here is :- 

1. First letter and third letter → (3) is subtracted from the position value according to the English alphabetic series.
2. Second letter and fourth letter→ (3) is added to the position value according to the English alphabetic series.

​So,

​

Hence, the correct answer is "OKLH".

The logic followed here is : (1st number - 3rd number) × 9 = 2nd number

Given :

• (20, 90, 10)

​**(20 - 10)** × 9 = 90

10 × 9 = 90

90 = 90 (LHS = RHS)

• (25, 135, 10)

​(25 - 10) × 9 = 135

15 × 9 = 135

135 = 135 (LHS = RHS)

So,

• Option - (1) : (18, 72, 10)

​(18 - 10) × 9 = 72

8 × 9 = 72

72 = 72 (LHS = RHS)

• Option - (2) : (19, 80, 15)

​(19 - 15) × 9 = 80

4 × 9 = 80

36 ≠ 80 (LHS ≠ RHS)

• Option - (3) : (22, 150, 7)

​(22 - 7) × 9 = 150

15 × 9 = 150

135 ≠ 150 (LHS ≠ RHS)

• Option - (4) : (30, 169, 12)

​(30 - 12) × 9 = 169

18 × 9 = 169

162 ≠ 169 (LHS ≠ RHS)

Hence, "Option - (1)" is the correct answer.

Given statement : 8 × 15 ÷ 3 + 14 − 4 = 26

According to the question, after interchanging the numbers:

So,

• Option - (1) : 15, 26​

Given statement : 8 × 15 ÷ 3 + 14 − 4 = 26

After interchanging

8 × 26 ÷ 3 + 14 − 4 = 15

8 × 8.67 + 14 − 4 = 15

69.36 + 14 - 4 = 15

83.36 - 4 = 15

79.36 ≠ 15 (LHS ≠ RHS)

• Option - (2) : 4, 8

Given statement : 8 × 15 ÷ 3 + 14 − 4 = 26

After interchanging:

4 × 15 ÷ 3 + 14 − 8 = 26

4 × 5 + 14 − 8 = 26

20 + 14 − 8 = 26

34 - 8 = 26

26 = 26 (LHS = RHS)

• Option - (3) : 14, 15

Given statement : 8 × 15 ÷ 3 + 14 − 4 = 26

After interchanging:

8 × 14 ÷ 3 + 15 − 4 = 26

8 × 4.67 + 15 − 4 = 26

37.36 + 15 - 4 = 26

52.56 - 4 = 26

48.56 ≠ 26 (LHS ≠ RHS)

• Option - (4) : 3, 4

Given statement : 8 × 15 ÷ 3 + 14 − 4 = 26

After interchanging:

8 × 15 ÷ 4 + 14 − 3 = 26

8 × 3.75 + 14 − 3 = 26

30 + 14 - 3 = 26

44 - 3 = 26

41 ≠ 26 (LHS ≠ RHS)

Hence, "Option - (2)" is the correct answer.

Given :

Statements given : G % V @ K & P and G # S % M

Explanation :

• G % V → G is the sister of V.

​

• V @ K → V is the husband of K.

​

• K & P → K is the mother of P.

​

• G # S → G is the daughter of S.

​

• S % M → S is the sister of M.

​

Thus, from the final family tree S is the paternal grandmother i.e father's mother of P.

Hence, "Father’s mother" is the correct answer.

The logic followed here is : First multiplied by (7) and then added (1) subsequently.

Hence, "17207" is the correct answer.

The logic followed here is :- (6) is added to the position value according to the English alphabetic series.

​So,

Hence, the correct answer is "VTS".​

The least possible Venn diagram for the given statements is as shown below :

Conclusions:

I. All cabbages are wheels → Does not follow (As some cabbages are rocks and all rocks are wheels. So, it is possible but not definitely true)

II. Some rocks are wheels → Follow (As all rocks are wheels. So, as whole rocks comes in wheels therefore it is definitely true)

III. Some wheels are not scissors → Follow (As no wheel is a scissor. So, as whole wheels has direct negative or cross relation with scissor therefore it is definitely true)

∴ Here, Both conclusions II and III follow.

Hence, the correct answer is "Both conclusions II and III follow".

Given : 

1. Eight people are sitting in two parallel rows with 4 people each in such a way that there is equal distance between adjacent persons and they are facing each other.
2. In row I – L, M, N and O are seated and all of them are facing south.
3. In row II – P, Q, R and S are seated and all of them are facing north.

Explanation :

1) N sits next to the person at the extreme right end of their row and is facing R.

2) S sits at the extreme left end of their row.

3) Q sits to the immediate right of R and is facing L.

4. O sits at the extreme left end of their row.

After positioning Q, R, L and O two positions i.e one position in each row is vacant which will be occupied by the only people left in their respective rows i.e M in row - I and P is row - II.

Thus, after the final arrangement M sits at the extreme right end of the row of people facing South i.e in row - I.

Hence, "M" is the correct answer.

The logic followed here  is

Hence, the correct answer is ""

Logic : Position value of opposite letter according to English alphabetic series is written.

​So, 

• ‘MONTH’ is written as ‘141213719’

​

• ‘YEAR’ is written as ‘222269’

​

Similarly,

• ‘WEEK’ is written as :

​

Hence, "4222216" is the correct answer.

Logic :

• First, third and fifth letter ⇒ (1) is added to the position value according to English alphabetic series.
• Second and fourth letter ⇒ (2) is subtracted from the position value according to English alphabetic series.

​So, 

• ‘BUYER’ is written as ‘CSZCS’

​

• ‘CHILD’ is written as ‘DFJJE’

​

Similarly,

• ‘DEATH’ is written as :

​

Hence, "ECBRI" is the correct answer.

Given:

• The image must not to be rotated

Hence, the correct answer is "Option - (3)".

The figure that will replace the question mark (?) in the following figure series is shown below:

1. For '

' element - The number of '

' is increasing subsequently.

Thus, the final series is :

Hence, ‘option - (4)’ is the correct answer.

The logic followed here is :-

• First letter → (3) is added to the position value according to the English alphabetic series diagonally.
• Second letter → (2) is added to the position value according to the English alphabetic series.
• Third letter → (1) is added to the position value according to the English alphabetic series diagonally.

​So,

• UCE : FEX

​

And,

• PGS : TIS

​

Similarly,

• HKR : ?

Hence, the correct answer is "SMK".

The logic followed here is : First multiplied by (3) and then (4) is subtracted subsequently.

Hence, "47" is the correct answer.

The correct answer is Kathakali.

Key Points

• Shri Sadanam II ~ Balakrishnan won the Sangeet Natak Akademi Award for his contribution to Kathakali.
• He was Born in 1944 in Taliparamba village in northern Kerala.
• Shri Sadanam Puthiyaveetil Balakrishnan received his initial training in Kathakali from Shri Kurumathur Narayanan Namboodiripad at Kannur.
• After a short stint as a teacher in Kerala, Shri Balakrishnan joined the International Centre for Kathakali, New Delhi, in 1974.
• Shri Balakrishnan has also authored a book on Kathakali.
• Among various honors and awards, Shri Sadanam Balakrishnan has received the Parishad Samman of Sahitya Kala Parishad; Delhi.

Important PointsThe Sangeet Natak academy currently confers classical status on eight Indian classical dance styles:

Additional InformationLavani-

• Lavani is a folk dance from Maharashtra.
• It is a combination of traditional song and dance, which is particularly performed to the beats of the Dholki which is a percussion instrument.
• It is noted for its powerful rhythm and has contributed substantially to the development of Marathi folk theatre.
• It is performed by beautiful women wearing nine yards sarees and dancing to the beats of a drum-like instrument called a dholak.

Bharatnatyam-

• Bharatnatyam is the oldest Indian classical dance
• It originated hundreds of years ago in the state of Tamilnadu.
• This dance form expresses the religious themes and spiritual ideas of South India.
• The ancient Tamil epic Silappatikaram contains the description of Bharatnatyam.

Kuchipudi-

• One of the eight principal Indian classical dances is Kuchipudi.
• It comes from the Andhra Pradesh state of India, specifically the village of Kuchipudi.
• Kuchipudi was created as a way to worship Krishna, a Hindu deity.
• Kuchipudi is renowned for its dynamic storytelling, dramatic characterization, outstanding, rapid dancing, and expressive eye movements.

The correct answer is Satyendranath Tagore.

Key Points

• Satyendranath Tagore was the first Indian to be selected for the Indian Civil Services (ICS) in 1862 and joined service in 1864.
• He was the elder brother of Rabindranath Tagore.
• The Indian Civil Service originated in the Covenanted Civil Service (CCS) and was later formalized under British rule. The Indian Civil Service Act of 1861 allowed Indians limited participation in the service.

Additional Information

• Rabindranath Tagore-
• Rabindranath Tagore is also known as Kobiguru, Biswakobi, the Bard of Bengal.
• He was a Bengali poet, philosopher, composer, writer, and painter.
• He was the first Indian to win the Nobel Prize in Literature for his poetry collection "Gitanjali" in 1913.
• He wrote the lyrics of the National anthems of India and Bangladesh:
• "Jana Gana Mana" was adopted as India's national anthem.
• "Amar Sonar Bangla" – adopted as the National Anthem of Bangladesh.
• Shantiniketan, later known as Visva Bharati University, was founded by Rabindranath Tagore.
• Surendra Nath Banerjee-
• Surendra Nath Banerjee was among the earliest political leaders during British rule.
• He founded the Indian National Association, a Nationalist organization that later merged with the INC.
• He presided over the 1895 session of the Indian National Congress but not in 1902.
• He was the second Indian to qualify for the Indian Civil Service Examination in 1869 but was later dismissed due to alleged age misrepresentation.
• Rahimtulla M Sayani-
• Rahimtulla M Sayani was the second Muslim to serve as the President of INC after Badruddin Tyabji.
• Vande Mataram was sung for the first time before a gathering at the 12th annual Congress session of the INC held in Calcutta in 1896. This Congress session was presided over by Rahimtulla M. Sayani.

The correct answer is 21.

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Key PointsModern Badminton-

• It is played as a single or doubles event and mix-doubles.
• It is played with the help of a racquet and a shuttle.
• The winner is chosen by points and the number of sets won.

Scoring System-

• A match consists of the best of 3 games of 21 points.
• Every time there is a serve – there is a point scored.
• The side winning a rally adds a point to its score.
• At 20 all, the side which gains a 2 point lead first, wins that game.
• At 29 all, the side scoring the 30th point, wins that game.
• The side winning a game serves first in the next game.

Important PointsBadminton court:-

• Badminton Courts are rectangular surfaces used for the racket sport of; badminton.
• It is divided in half by a center; badminton net, courts are usually marked for both singles or doubles games with boundary widths varying between the two match types.
• Badminton courts should be surfaced with safe flooring materials for gameplay, that include wood, synthetic, and rubber flooring options.
• Badminton Courts have a length of 44’ (13.4 m), but double courts are 20’ (6.1 m) wide while single courts are reduced to 17’ (5.18 m); shrinking by 1.5’ (.46 m) on both sides.
• Clearances of 2’ (.61 m) should be provided around the entire badminton court.

The correct answer is Purma Banerjee.

Key Points

• The first Indian to carry the national flag at the opening ceremony of the Games was Purma Banerjee at the 1920 Olympics in Antwerp, Belgium.
• Purma Banerjee is related to Athletics (Sprnting).
• She was born in the year 1897 in Calcutta, British India (now Kolkata, West Bengal).

Important PointsFlag bearers of India in Olympics-

The correct answer is fluorescent blue.

Key Points

• The Rs. 50 banknote of the Mahatma Gandhi (New) series has a base color of fluorescent blue.
• It is part of the new series of Indian currency notes introduced by the Reserve Bank of India (RBI).
• The color fluorescent blue is chosen to enhance the security features of the banknote and make it more difficult to counterfeit.
• The reverse of the new 50 rupee banknote in the Mahatma Gandhi (New) series has a motif of the Hampi with Chariot.
• Hampi is an ancient city located in the state of Karnataka, India. It is a UNESCO World Heritage Site and was once the capital of the Vijayanagara Empire.

Important PointsOther notes of Indian Currency-

The correct answer is Kuchipudi.

Key Points

• Kuchipudi is a classical dance form that originated in the village of Kuchipudi in Andhra Pradesh, India.
• It takes its name from the village and has a rich history that dates back several centuries.
• Kuchipudi is known for its dynamic footwork, fast-paced movements, and the blend of dance, music, and acting.
• The dance form encompasses both masculine (Tandava) and feminine (Lasya) aspects and combines elements of Nritta (pure dance), Nritya (expressional dance), and Natya (dramatic aspect).
• Kuchipudi was created as a way to worship Krishna, a Hindu deity.

Additional InformationBharatanatyam-

• Bharatanatyam is a classical dance form that originated in Tamil Nadu.
• It is characterized by intricate footwork, hand gestures, facial expressions, and elaborate costumes.
• Bharatanatyam is known for its technical precision and expressive storytelling.

Mohiniyattam-

• Mohiniyattam is a classical dance form from the state of Kerala.
• It is predominantly performed by female dancers and is known for its graceful movements and subtle expressions.
• Mohiniyattam combines elements of dance, music, and drama to convey stories from Hindu mythology.

Manipuri-

• Manipuri is a classical dance form from the northeastern state of Manipur.
• It is deeply rooted in the traditions and mythology of Manipur and reflects the region's cultural heritage.
• Manipuri dance is characterized by its graceful and gentle movements, intricate hand gestures, and devotion to Lord Krishna and Radha.

The correct answer is MnO2 + 4HCl → MnCl2 + 2H2O + Cl2.

Key PointsRedox reaction-

• A redox (reduction-oxidation) reaction is a type of chemical reaction that involves the transfer of electrons between species.
• It consists of two simultaneous processes: reduction and oxidation.
• Reduction: In a redox reaction, reduction refers to the gain of electrons by a species. During reduction, the oxidation state of the species decreases, indicating a decrease in its positive charge or an increase in its negative charge.
• Oxidation: Oxidation, on the other hand, involves the loss of electrons by a species. It leads to an increase in the oxidation state of the species, indicating an increase in its positive charge or a decrease in its negative charge.

Important PointsExample of redox reaction-

• MnO2 + 4HCl → MnCl2 + 2H2O + Cl2
• ​MnO₂ is manganese dioxide, and HCl is hydrochloric acid.
• In this reaction, manganese dioxide (MnO₂) reacts with hydrochloric acid (HCl) to produce manganese(II) chloride (MnCl₂), water (H₂O), and chlorine gas (Cl₂).
• MnO₂ acts as the oxidizing agent, while HCl acts as the reducing agent.
• The manganese dioxide undergoes reduction, meaning it gains electrons. It is reduced from an oxidation state of +4 in MnO₂ to +2 in MnCl₂.
• The hydrochloric acid undergoes oxidation, meaning it loses electrons. The chlorine atoms in HCl are oxidized from an oxidation state of -1 to 0 in Cl₂.
• As a result of the reaction, two hydrogen atoms from the hydrochloric acid combine with one oxygen atom from the manganese dioxide to form water (H₂O).
• Simultaneously, the remaining chlorine atoms from the hydrochloric acid combine to form chlorine gas (Cl₂).
• Overall, the reaction involves the transfer of electrons from manganese dioxide to hydrochloric acid, resulting in the formation of new compounds and the liberation of chlorine gas.

The correct answer is Phalguna.

 Key Points

• Maha-Shivaratri, (Sanskrit: “Great Night of Shiva”) is the most important sectarian festival of the year for devotees of the Hindu god Shiva.
• Maha Shivratri is observed in the month of Phalguna (or sometimes Magha) according to the Hindu lunar calendar.
• The festival typically takes place in February or March in the Gregorian calendar.
• Maha Shivratri holds great significance in Hindu mythology and is considered one of the most important festivals dedicated to Lord Shiva.

Important PointsMonths of Hindu Calendar-

Additional Information Another festival of the Hindu calendar with months-

The correct answer is Roiling.

Key Points

• Rolling Plan in India was started in 1978.
• The rolling plan concept was coined by Gunnar Myrdal.
• This plan was rejected again by the Indian National Congress government when it came to power in 1980 and a new sixth plan was made.
• The main advantage of the rolling plans is that they are flexible.
• The Rolling Plan is a plan in which every year the performance of the plan is assessed and a new plan is made next year based on this assessment.
• Thus, both the allocation and targets are revised during this plan.

Important PointsAll five-year plans in detail-

The correct answer is a gatekeeper.

Key Points

• According to Xuan Zang, the Chinese Buddhist monk, and traveller who visited Nalanda Buddhist monastery in the 7th century, the person who asks new entrants difficult questions is the gatekeeper.
• Xuan Zang's account suggests that the gatekeeper is the one responsible for asking difficult questions to new entrants.
• This role implies that the gatekeeper acts as a sort of intellectual filter, testing the knowledge and understanding of those seeking entry into the monastery.

Important Points Xuan Zang-

• Xuan Zang, was a Chinese Buddhist monk, scholar, and traveler who lived during the Tang Dynasty in the 7th century.
• He is renowned for his extensive journey to India in search of Buddhist scriptures.
• Xuan Zang's travels lasted for approximately 17 years, from 629 to 645 CE.

Additional Information

• Chief of monastery-
• The chief of the monastery is the highest-ranking authority and administrative head.
• While they may play an important role in the functioning of the monastery.
• Youngest monk-
• The youngest monk refers to the monk who is the youngest in age among the members of the monastery.
• Although young monks may participate in various activities within the monastery.
• Oldest monk-
• The oldest monk refers to the monk who is the oldest in age among the members of the monastery.
• Similar to the youngest monk, while they may possess wisdom and experience

The correct answer is D. Raja.

Key Points

• The Communist Party of India (CPI)  unanimously re-elected senior leader D. Raja (Doraisamy Raja) as general secretary at the conclusion of 24th the Party Congress in Vijayawada in Andhra Pradesh.
• He took over the reins in July 2019, when the then-general secretary, Sudhakar Reddy, stepped down due to ill health.

Important Points

• The Communist Party of India was formed on 25 December 1925.
• It is one of the oldest parties and one of the national parties of our nation.
• S.V. Ghate was the first General Secretary of the Communist Party of India(CPI).

The correct answer is Prime Minister.

Key Points

The Constitution of the Governing Council of the National Skill Development Mission is as follows:

• Chair: Prime Minister
• Union Ministers from MoF, MSDE, MHRD, MoRD, MoLE, MSME, MoA, M/o Overseas Affairs, M/o Information Technology, M/o HUPA
• Deputy Chairman, NITI Aayog
• Principal Secretary to the Prime Minister
• Cabinet Secretary
• Secretary, MSDE (as Member Secretary)
• 3 members from industry/academia as determined by Governing Council
• 3 State Chief Ministers as determined by Governing Council, on a rotation basis

Important Points

• Prime Minister Narendra Modi on 15 July 2015 formally launched four initiatives under the umbrella of the Skill India Mission (SIM).
• They were launched in a program held on the occasion of the first-ever World Youth Skills Day in New Delhi.
• The four initiatives of the SIM are aimed at making India a hub of the world’s human resource capital. These are:
• National Policy for Skill Development and Entrepreneurship 2015: It is the second such policy on skill development since independence and intended to replace the National Policy on Skill Development 2009 by adding entrepreneurship to the policy framework.
• National Skill Development Mission (NSDM): The mission is intended to operationalize the National Policy for Skill Development and Entrepreneurship 2015. It has seven submissions under it that are monitored by a Governing Council under the chairmanship of the Prime Minister.
• Pradhan Mantri Kaushal Vikas Yojana (PMKVY): It is a demand-driven, reward-based skill training scheme. Under the scheme, besides assessing and certifying 10 lakh youth for the skills they already possess, around 24 lakh youth will be skilled over the coming year.
• Skill Loan scheme: Under the scheme, loans ranging from 5000-1.5 lakhs rupees will be made available to 34 lakh youth to attend skill development programs. It will be operational between 2015 and 2020.
• The Skill India Mission is administered by the Ministry of Skill Development and Entrepreneurship.
• The current Minister for Skill Development and Entrepreneurship is Mahendra Nath Pandey.
• Few more schemes being run by the ministry are PM-YUVA ( related to entrepreneurship education and training), and Apprenticeship Protsahan Yojana.

The correct answer is structural composition.

Key Points

• The contribution made by each sector of the economy to GDP is called the "structural composition" of GDP.
• It refers to the distribution or breakdown of economic activities across various sectors of the economy.
• It provides insights into the relative importance of different sectors in generating economic output.
• The structural composition of GDP typically includes sectors such as agriculture, industry, and services.

Additional InformationNominal composition:

• Nominal composition refers to the composition of GDP in current prices without adjusting for inflation.
• It reflects the value of goods and services produced by each sector without considering changes in price levels over time.
• Nominal composition is useful for understanding the overall size and value of different sectors.

Real GDP:

• Real GDP adjusts nominal GDP for changes in price levels to provide a measure of economic output adjusted for inflation.
• Real GDP is calculated by removing the effect of price changes from nominal GDP.
• It provides a more accurate representation of changes in the quantity of goods and services produced by each sector.​

Real composition:

• "Real composition" is not a commonly used term in the context of GDP.
• It does not specifically describe the contribution of each sector to GDP or account for inflation adjustments.

The correct answer is fodder and water.

Key PointsNomadic hardening:

• Nomadic herding is practiced in the semi-arid and arid regions of Sahara, Central Asia, and some parts of India, like Rajasthan and Jammu, and Kashmir.
• In this type of farming, herdsmen move from place to place with their animals for fodder and water, along with defined routes.
• This type of movement arises in response to climatic constraints and terrain.
• Sheep, camel, yak, and goats are most commonly reared.
• They provide milk, meat, wool, hides, and other products to the herders and their families.
• It is also known as Nomadic pastoralism which is a form of pastoralism when livestock are herded in order to seek fresh pastures on which to graze.

Important PointsTranshumance:

• Another type of herding is called transhumance.
• Transhumance herders follow a seasonal migration pattern, usually moving to cool highlands in the summer and warmer lowlands in the winter.
• Unlike nomads, these herders move between the same two locations, where they have permanent settlements. Transhumance has had an enormous impact on the landscape.
• Transhumant communities exist in some regions of the Northern and North East Himalayas.
• Those are Gujjars of Himachal Pradesh, Bakarwals of Jammu and Kashmir, Gaddis of Himachal Pradesh and Bhotias of Uttarakhand.

The correct answer is Biplab Kumar Deb.

 Key Points

• Former Chief Minister of Tripura Biplab Kumar Deb won the by-election to the lone Rajya Sabha seat from Tripura, securing 43 votes compared to 15 votes for Bhanu Lal Saha of the CPI(M).
• Only 1 Rajya Sabha seat is available in Tripura.
• A Rajya Sabha member who is elected for a full term serves for a period of six years. One-third of the members retire after every two years.
• Rajyasabha-
• Rajya Sabha is the upper house of the Parliament of India.
• The Rajya Sabha represents the interests of the states and union territories of India.
• The Rajya Sabha consists of a maximum of 250 members.
• Members of the Rajya Sabha are elected by the members of the State Legislative Assemblies.
• Twelve members are nominated by the President of India for their contributions to art, literature, science, and social services.
• The Vice President of India is the ex-officio Chairman of the Rajya Sabha.

.            

Important PointsAbout Tripura: As of May 2022:

• ​Capital: Agartala
• Chief minister: Manik Saha
• Governor: Satyadev Narayan Arya
• Union territory: 1 November 1956
• Upgraded as State: 21 January 1972
• State Animal: Phayre's leaf monkey
• State Bird: Green imperial pigeon
• Lok Sabha seats - 2.
• Rajya Sabha seats - 1.
• National Parks - Clouded Leopard National Park,  Rajbari National Park.
• Dam - Gumti Dam (Gumti River).

The correct answer is Article 21.

Key Points

• According to Article 21: “Protection of Life and Personal Liberty: No person shall be deprived of his life or personal liberty except according to procedure established by law.”
• This fundamental right is available to every person, citizens and foreigners alike.
• Article 21 provides two rights:
• Right to life
• Right to personal liberty
• The fundamental right provided by Article 21 is one of the most important rights that the Constitution guarantees.
• The Supreme Court of India has described this right as the ‘heart of fundamental rights’.
• The right specifically mentions that no person shall be deprived of life and liberty except as per the procedure established by law. This implies that this right has been provided against the State only. State here includes not just the government, but also, government departments, local bodies, the Legislatures, etc.

Additional Information

The correct answer is the Divorce case.

Key PointsCriminal law

• Criminal cases are ones that deal with offenses endangering or harming the property, health, safety, and welfare of the people.
• Divorce or separation of married couples is not a criminal case in India.
• Criminal Law defines conduct prohibited by the state that threatens public welfare and safety.
• The law also prescribes punishment for committing such crimes.
• The objective is to punish the wrong-doer and to deter him and others in society from repeating it.
• Example of criminal law cases is Assault and Battery, Robbery, Sexual Assault, Cybercrime, Money Laundering, Murder, dowery, Theft, etc.

Important PointsCivil law

• Civil Law is that branch of law that safeguards the rights of individual members of society and provides legal remedies to disputes.
• Divorce cases generally fall under civil law.
• Divorce involves the legal dissolution of a marriage and typically addresses issues such as property division, child custody, alimony, and other related matters.
• Civil Law aims to rectify wrong-doings and amicably settle disputes.
• The party who suffers any injury is compensated for the damage.
• The plaintiff is the party who files a complaint to start the litigation.
• Similarly, the party that responds to the complaint is called the defendant.

The correct answer is Kerala.

Key Points

• Literacy level and educational attainment are vital developmental indicators in a developing nation like India as they are key variables of measure of development as they indicate the quality of life, awareness level, and also the level of skill of people in the society.
• The female literacy rate of India as per the 2011 census is 65.5%.
• The literacy rate at all Indian levels is 74% and the male literacy rate is 82.1%.
• In 2011, among the State/ UTs, the male and female literacy rate is highest in Kerala (male: 96.1%, female 92.1%) and lowest in Bihar (male: 71.2%, female: 51.5%).

Important Points Census of India 2011:

• The 2011 census is the country's 15th national census and the 7th census after independence.
• The Census of the year 2011 was released on March 31, 2011, by the Union Home Secretary and R.G.I. of India.
• The slogan of Census 2011 was 'Our Census, Our Future'.
• Registrar General and Census Commissioner under whom Census 2011 was conducted - C. Chandra Mouli.
• It was conducted in two phases, house listing, and population enumeration.
• The Socio-Economic and Caste Census (SECC) was conducted in 2011 for the first time since 1931.

The correct answer is a buccal cavity.

Key Points

• The human digestive system consists of a continuous canal through which food passes.
• The canal begins at the buccal cavity and ends at the anus.
• Human Digestion system-
• ​The human digestive system consists of several organs and structures involved in the process of digestion.
• The canal begins at the buccal cavity, also known as the mouth or oral cavity, where food enters the body.
• After being chewed and mixed with saliva, the food is formed into a small, soft mass called a bolus.
• The bolus then passes through the pharynx, which is the junction between the buccal cavity and the esophagus.
• From the pharynx, the food travels down the esophagus, also known as the food pipe or the gullet.
• The esophagus is a muscular tube that propels food toward the stomach through rhythmic contractions called peristalsis.
• Once the food reaches the stomach, it undergoes further digestion through the action of stomach acids and enzymes.
• The stomach mixes the food with gastric juices and breaks it down into a semi-liquid mixture called chyme.
• The chyme is then gradually released into the small intestine, the longest part of the digestive tract.
• In the small intestine, the majority of nutrient absorption takes place, aided by specialized structures called villi.
• The small intestine consists of three sections: the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum.
• After passing through the small intestine, the remaining waste material enters the large intestine, also known as the colon.
• In the large intestine, water and electrolytes are absorbed from the waste, forming solid feces.
• The feces are stored in the rectum until they are eliminated from the body through the anus during the process of defecation.

The correct answer is October-November.

Key Points

• Tamil Nadu is located on the eastern coast of India.
• South India usually receives rainfall from south west monsoons.
• But these south west monsoon arising from Arabian Sea gets obstructed by Western Ghats.
• Hence, Tamil Nadu receives most of its rain from north east and retreating monsoons during winter season.
• Moreover, many low pressure systems develop in the Bay of Bengal during this period and move towards the east coast of Tamil Nadu causing heavy rainfall.

 Tamil Nadu receives rainfall from Northeast trade winds.

• From early June to mid-September, between 100- 120 days is the duration of the monsoon. Some places like Tamil Nadu receive a major portion of its rainfall during October and November, but most parts of the country receive rainfall from June to September.
• During the winter season, the winds prevailing in the country are the Northeast trade winds.
• In major parts of the country, it is a dry season, as the winds blow from land to sea.
• When the winds blow from sea to land, it picks up moisture from the sea and brings rainfall to the country.
• Due to the geographical location, the east coast receives rainfall as the north east trade winds blow from sea to land in this location. Hence the coast of Tamil Nadu receives winter rainfall.

Additional Information Monsoon

• Generally, across the world, the monsoons are experienced in the tropical area roughly between 20° N and 20° S.
• The climate of India is described as the ‘monsoon’ type. In Asia, this type of climate is found mainly in the south and the southeast.
• Out of a total of 4 seasonal divisions of India, monsoon occupies 2 divisions, namely.
• The southwest monsoon season - Rainfall received from the southwest monsoons is seasonal in character, and occurs between June and September.
• The retreating monsoon season - The months of October and November are known for retreating monsoons.
• Factors Influencing South-West Monsoon Formation
• The differential heating and cooling of land and water create a low pressure on the landmass of India while the seas around experience comparatively high pressure.
• The shift of the position of Inter Tropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) in summer, over the Ganga plain (this is the equatorial trough normally positioned about 5°N of the equator. It is also known as the monsoon-trough during the monsoon season).

Given:

A and B can complete a work separately in 10 days and 15 days

Calculation:

B's 1 day work = 1/15

B's 3 day work = 1/15 × 3 = 1/5

Remaining work = 1 - 1/5 = 4/5

A's 1 day work = 1/10

A can finish the remaining work in 4/5 × 10 = 8 days.

Therefore, A can finish the remaining work in 8 days.

Given:

HCF = 8

LCM = 40

Formula:

The product of the HCF and LCM of two numbers is equal to the product of the two numbers.

Solution:

Product of the two numbers = HCF × LCM = 8 × 40 = 320

Therefore, the product of the numbers whose HCF and LCM are 8 and 40 respectively is 320.

Given:

Let the principal be Rs 'P'

Time = 1 1/2 year = 3/2 years

Rate of interest = 8 %

Concept Used:

Simple interest = (P x T x R)/100

Amount at the rate of compound interest = P(1 + r/100)ⁿ

Compound Interest = Amount - Principal

(i) Simple interest = (P x T x R)/100

= (P x 3 x 8)/(2 x 100)

= 3P/25

(ii) Amount at the rate of compound interest = P(1 + r/100)ⁿ

= P(1 + 4/100)³

= P(26/25)³

= 17576P/15625

Compound Interest = (17576P/15625) - P

= 1951P/15625

Difference between the compound and simple interests = Rs 228

(1951P/15625) - (3P/25) = 228

(1951P/15625) - (1875P/15625) = 228

(76P/15625) = 228

P = 3 × 15625 = Rs. 46875

Therefore, the sum lent is Rs 46875.

Given:

Rate of interest = 10% 

At the end of four years amount paid by him = ₹21,961.50

Concept used:

A = P × (1 + R/100)T

Where,

A → Amount

P → Principal 

R → Rate of interest 

T → Time 

Calculation:

Rate = 10% = 1/10

Interest being compounded annually after four year

10⁴ : 11⁴

10000 : 14641

14641 unit = 21,961.50

1 = 1.5

10000 = 15000

∴ Option 2 is the correct answer.

Given:

Speed from station P to station Q: 70 km/h

Speed from station Q to station P: 90 km/h

Formula:

Average speed = 2xy/x + y

Solution:

Average speed = (2 × 70 × 90)/70 + 90 = 78.75 km/h

Therefore, the average speed of the bus during the entire journey is 78.75 km/h

Given:

Sonal and Arjun can finish a piece of work in 57 days.

Arjun and Rohan can finish the same piece of work in 38 days.

Rohan and Sonal can finish the same piece of work in 38 days.

Concept Used:

The work rate of people working together is the sum of their individual work rates. In this case, the work rate is the reciprocal of the time taken to complete the work.

Calculation:

LCM of 57, 38, and 38 is 114

Sonal and Arjun = 1/57  × 114 = 2

 Rohan and Sonal = 1/38 × 114 = 3

Arjun and Rohan = 1/38 × 114 = 3

Total efficiency of Sonal, Arjun and Rohan = (2 + 3 + 3)/2 = 4

 Rohan and Sonal: 1/38 work/day.

The time taken by all three working together is 114/4 = 28.5

Hence, Sonal, Arjun, and Rohan together can finish the same work in 28.5 days.

Given :

When article sold at Rs. 2,827.06 it gains 14% more than value when article sold at Rs. 2230 it losses

Formula used :

Loss = cost price - selling price

Gain = selling price - cost price

Gain% = (Gain/cost price) × 100

Solution :

Let the cost price be x

It losses when selling price = Rs. 2230

⇒ Loss = (x - 2230)     ----(1)

It gains when selling price = Rs. 2827.06

⇒ Gain = (2827.06 - x)

According to the question,

(2827.06 - x) = (x - 2230) × (114/100)

⇒ 282706 - 100x = 114x - 254220

⇒ 214x = 536926

⇒ x = 2509

So, cost price = Rs. 2509

Now,

Profit = 14%

⇒ SP = 114 × 2509/100

⇒ Rs. 2860.26

∴ The selling price will be Rs. 2860.26

Shortcut Trick

Let the cost price be x.

Gain  = (2827.06 - x) and Loss = (x - 2230)

According to the question.

⇒  (2827.06 - x) = (x - 2230) × (114/100)

⇒ 282706 - 100x = 114x - 254220

⇒ 214x = 536926

⇒ x = 2509

New SP = 114 × 2509/100 = Rs. 2860.26

Shortcut Trick

Fourth proportional of a, b, c = (b × c) / a = (5 × 3) / 7 = 15 / 7

Third proportional of a, b = b² / a = 13² / 7 = 169 / 7

Required ratio = (15 / 7) : (169 / 7) = 15 : 169

∴ The correct answer is 15 : 169.

Alternate Method

Given:

First set of numbers for fourth proportional: 7, 5, and 3

Second set of numbers for third proportional: 7 and 13

Formula Used:

For fourth proportional x: a : b :: c : x ⇒ x = (b × c) / a

For third proportional y: a : b :: b : y ⇒ y = b² / a

Fourth Proportional (x) 7 : 5 :: 3 : x x = 15 / 7

Third Proportional (y) 7 : 13 :: 13 : y y = 169 / 7

Final Ratio (x : y) 15/7 : 169/7 = 15 : 169

Calculations:

⇒ Let the fourth proportional of 7, 5, and 3 be x.

⇒ 7 : 5 :: 3 : x

⇒ 7 / 5 = 3 / x

⇒ 7 × x = 5 × 3

⇒ x = 15 / 7

⇒ Let the third proportional of 7 and 13 be y.

⇒ 7 : 13 :: 13 : y

⇒ 7 / 13 = 13 / y

⇒ 7 × y = 13 × 13

⇒ y = 169 / 7

⇒ The required ratio = x : y

⇒ x : y = (15 / 7) : (169 / 7)

⇒ x : y = 15 : 169

∴ The correct answer is 15 : 169.

Additional Information

Third Proportional

If two terms a and b are given, their third proportional c satisfies the relation a : b = b : c. Formula: c = b² / a.

Fourth Proportional

If three terms a, b, and c are given, their fourth proportional d satisfies the relation a : b = c : d. Formula: d = (b × c) / a.

Mean Proportional

If a, b, and c are in continued proportion (a : b = b : c), then b is called the mean proportional between a and c. Formula: b = √(a × c).

Duplicate & Compound Ratio

The duplicate ratio of a : b is given by a² : b². The compound ratio of two different ratios a : b and c : d is calculated as ac : bd.

Given:

Diameter of the base = 16 m

The capacity of the tank = 5632

Formula:

The volume of a cylinder = πr²h

Where,

π = 22/7

r = radius of the base

h = height of the cylinder

Solution:

The radius of the base is half of the diameter, so the radius is 8 m.

We can now plug in the known values into the formula to find the height of the tank:

The volume of the tank = πr2h

5632 = 22/7 × 8 × 8 × h

h = 5632 × 7/(22 × 64)

h = 28

<br>

Therefore, the depth of the tank is 28m

Shortcut Trick

Total Gain % = [ (Profit % + Less Weight %) ÷ (100 − Less Weight %) ] × 100

⇒ Total Gain % = [ (12 + 15) ÷ (100 − 15) ] × 100

⇒ Total Gain % = (27 ÷ 85) × 100

⇒ Total Gain % = 540 ÷ 17 ≈ 31.76%

∴ The correct answer is 31.76%.

Alternate Method

Given:

Profit claimed by the shopkeeper = 12%

Weight given by the shopkeeper = 15% less than the original weight

Calculations:

⇒ Let the Cost Price (CP) of 100g of goods be ₹100.

⇒ Since the shopkeeper sells at 12% profit, the Selling Price (SP) for a promised 100g = ₹100 + 12% = ₹112.

⇒ The shopkeeper uses a weight that is 15% less, giving only 85g instead of 100g.

⇒ The actual Cost Price (CP) for the 85g of goods given = ₹85.

⇒ Actual Profit = Selling Price − Actual Cost Price

⇒ Actual Profit = 112 − 85 = ₹27

⇒ Profit Percentage = (Actual Profit ÷ Actual CP) × 100

⇒ Profit Percentage = (27 ÷ 85) × 100

⇒ Profit Percentage = 540 ÷ 17 = 31.7647% ≈ 31.76%

∴ The correct answer is 31.76%.

Additional Information

Dishonest Dealer Concept

When a shopkeeper uses false weights, the actual Cost Price (CP) is determined by the true weight actually delivered, while the Selling Price (SP) is determined by the promised weight and markup given to the customer.

Formula for False Weights

Gain % = [ (Claimed Profit % + Less Weight %) ÷ (100 − Less Weight %) ] × 100. For claimed losses, simply subtract the loss percentage instead of adding.

Multiplying Factor Method

Overall Profit Ratio = (SP factor) × (True Weight ÷ False Weight). In this problem, Ratio = (112 ÷ 100) × (100 ÷ 85) = 112 ÷ 85, meaning a net profit of 27 units on a base of 85 units.

Given:

A ∶ B = 5 ∶ 6

B ∶ C = 6 ∶ 7

Formula used:

The product of the ratios of two quantities is equal to the product of the ratios of their sums.

Solution:

(A + B) ∶ (B + C) ∶ (C + A) = (5 + 6) ∶ (6 + 7) ∶ (7 + 5)

= 11 ∶ 13 ∶ 12

Therefore, the required ratio is 11 ∶ 13 ∶ 12.

Shortcut Trick

Let HCF = H. Then LCM = 15H.

Sum: H + 15H = 112 ⇒ 16H = 112 ⇒ H = 7.

LCM = 15 × 7 = 105.

Using Product of numbers = LCM × HCF:

35 × Second Number = 105 × 7 ⇒ Second Number = (105 × 7) ÷ 35 = 21.

∴ The correct answer is 21.

Alternate Method

Given:

LCM = 15 × HCF

LCM + HCF = 112

First Number (a) = 35

Formula Used:

Product of two numbers = LCM × HCF

Calculations:

⇒ Let HCF be x. Then LCM = 15x.

⇒ x + 15x = 112

⇒ 16x = 112

⇒ x = 112 ÷ 16 = 7

⇒ HCF = 7 and LCM = 15 × 7 = 105

⇒ Let the second number be y.

⇒ 35 × y = 105 × 7

⇒ y = (105 × 7) ÷ 35

⇒ y = 3 × 7 = 21

∴ The correct answer is 21.

Additional Information

HCF and LCM Relation

For any two numbers a and b, the product of the numbers is always equal to the product of their HCF and LCM (a × b = HCF × LCM).

HCF Property

The HCF of two or more numbers is the greatest number that divides each of them exactly. LCM is always a multiple of HCF.

Co-prime Numbers

If the HCF of two numbers is 1, they are called co-prime numbers. For co-prime numbers, LCM is simply the product of the numbers.

Given:

A and B start running on a circular track (length 400 m) from the same point simultaneously with speeds of 10 m/s and 16 m/s

Formula used:

Time = $\dfrac{distance}{speed}$

Calculations:

A takes time to complete one round = 400/10 = 40 sec

B takes time to complete one round = 400/16 = 25 sec

Both will meet at the starting point = LCM of 40, 25

Required time = LCM = 5 × 5 × 8 = 200 secs

∴ The answer is 200 seconds.

Given:

The dimension of the room = 10 m × 10 m × 5 m 

Concept used:

The length of the longest rod = The diagonal of the cuboid

Diagonal of the cuboid = $\sqrt{ l^{2} + b^{2} + h^{2} }$

Where, 

l → Length of the cuboid 

b → Breadth of the cuboid 

h → Height of the cuboid 

Calculations:

The length of the longest rod will be the diagonal of the cuboid

⇒ √225 = 15 m.

∴ The length of the longest rod in the room is 15 m.

Given:

Discount on each shirt = 30%

Marked price of each shirt = Rs. 540

Rivaan wanted to save Rs. 810 in discount

Formula used:

Discount = Marked price × Discount %

Solution:

Number of shirts to be bought = 810 / (540 × 0.3)

= 810/162

= 5

Therefore, Rivaan needs to buy 5 shirts to save Rs. 810 in discount.

Given:

Length of the train = 120 m

Speed of the train = 60 km/h

Time taken to cross the bridge = 18 seconds

Formula used:

Speed = Distance/Time

Solution:

Let the length of the bridge be x.

Speed = 60 km/h = 60 × 5/18 m/s

Time = 18 s

Distance = Speed ×  Time = 60 × 5/18 × 18 s = 300 m

300 m = 120 m + x

x = 300 m - 120 m

x = 180 m

Therefore, the length of the bridge is 180 m.

Given:

Marked price = 115% of Cost price

Discount = 20% of the Marked price

Formula used:

Loss = Selling price - Cost price

Loss percentage = Loss/Cost price × 100

Solution:

Let the cost price be Rs. 100.

Marked price = 115% of Rs. 100 = Rs. 115

Discount = 20% of Rs. 115 = Rs. 23

Selling price = Marked price - Discount = Rs. 92

Loss = Rs. 100 - Rs. 92 = Rs. 8

Loss percentage = Rs. 8/100 × 100 = 8%

Therefore, the dealer's loss percentage is 8%.

Given:

Number = 350

Increase = 20%

Decrease = 25%

Formula:

Percentage increase/decrease = (Increased or decreased value/original value) × 100

Solution:

First, we increase the number by 20%.

350 × (120/100) = 420

Then, we decrease the new number by 25%.

420 × (75/100) = 315

Therefore, the new number is 315.

Given:

Number of items = 10

Average cost = Rs. 89

Cost of one item = Rs. 35

Formula:

Average = Total/Number of items

Solution:

Total cost of 10 items = Average × Number of items = 89 × 10 = Rs. 890

Total cost of 9 items = Total cost of 10 items - Cost of one item = 890 - 35 = Rs. 855

Average cost of 9 items = Total cost of 9 items/Number of items = 855/9 = Rs. 95

Therefore, the average cost of the remaining 9 items is Rs. 95.

Given:

Initial weight = 80 kg

Final weight = 64 kg

Formula:

Percentage decrease = (Initial value - Final value)/Initial value × 100

Solution:

Percentage decrease in weight = (80 - 64)/80 × 100 = 20%

Therefore, the percent decrease in the weight of the person is 20%.

The correct answer is 'Option 3'.

Key Points

• The idiom "Bed of roses" refers to a pleasant or easy situation in life. So**, the correct option** is*: A pleasant condition of life.*
• "A pleasant condition of life" - It implies a situation or circumstance that is comfortable, easy, or luxurious.(जीवन की सुखद स्थिति)

Therefore, the correct answer is: 'A pleasant condition of life'.

Additional Information

• Let's go through all the options:
• "As one wishes" implies that things are going according to someone's desires.(जैसा कोई चाहता है)
• "Be bound to obey" means to be obligated to follow orders or rules.(आज्ञाओं का पालन करने के लिए बाध्य होना)
• "With all of one’s belonging" refers to having all of one's possessions.(अपनी सभी संपत्ति के साथ).

The correct answer is 'Option 4' i.e. 'With all belongings'.

Key Points

• The idiom "Bag and baggage" means to take all of one's belongings, whether they are necessary or not. So, the correct option is: With all belongings.
• "With all belongings" - It denotes having all of one's possessions, or even all of one's problems or responsibilities. (सभी सामान के साथ)

Therefore, the correct answer is: 'With all belongings'.

Additional Information

• Let's discuss all the options:
• "Lots of bags" - The idiom signifies the concept of carrying all belongings, not just numerous bags.(बहुत सारे बैग)
• "To make a beginning" - This phrase means to start something new(शुरुआत करना)
• "Close friends" - This term refers to people who share a deep, intimate friendship.(करीबी दोस्त)

The correct answer is 'Option 1' i.e. 'Bare'

Key Points

• The most appropriate option to fill in the blank is**: bare**
• The word "bare" means naked, uncovered, or devoid of the usual furnishings.
• In this context, it signifies that the forest has been stripped of its trees and vegetation, perhaps due to deforestation, a natural disaster, or another cause.
• It's the correct word to use when talking about land that has been stripped of its usual covering.

Therefore, the correct sentence is: Alas! The forest turned into a bare land. 

Additional Information

• Let's discuss the other options:
• "beer" - This word refers to a type of alcoholic beverage.
• "bear" - This word usually denotes a large, heavy mammal that walks on the soles of its feet, with thick fur and a very short tail.
• "buyer" - This word refers to a person who purchases something.

The correct answer is 'Option 4' i.e. 'As well as on land'.

Key Points

• The most appropriate option that can substitute the underlined segment in the given sentence is: as well as on land.
• This substitution maintains the parallel structure in the sentence, which is a grammatical construct involving two or more words, phrases, or clauses that are similar in length and grammatical form.
• In the original sentence, the preposition 'in' is used before 'water', so to maintain parallelism, we should use 'on' before 'land'.

Therefore, the correct sentence is: 'The turtle can live in water as well as on land.'

The correct answer is 'Option 3'.

Key Points

• The most appropriate option that can substitute the underlined segment in the given sentence is: getting very common
• This option correctly conveys that baldness is increasingly being observed among young people.
• The term "getting very common" is appropriate to describe a trend or phenomenon that is becoming more frequent or widespread.

Therefore, the correct sentence is: 'Baldness is getting very common among youngsters these days.'

Additional Information

• Let's discuss the other options:
• "Happening very surely" - This option suggests certainty, but it does not properly convey the idea of frequency or commonness, which is what we're trying to express when talking about a trend like baldness among young people.
• "Having very certain" - This phrase is grammatically incorrect and does not convey the intended meaning of the sentence.
• "Hitting very severely" - This option could be used to describe a trend that's having a significant negative impact, but it's not the best choice here. We're talking about how common baldness is, not how severe its impact is.

The correct answer is 'Option 4' i.e 'Hide'.

Key Points

• The word "Conceal" means to hide or keep secret.
• "Hide" is the correct synonym for "conceal".
• Both words mean to prevent something from being seen or known about.(छुपाना)

Therefore, the correct answer is: 'Hide'.

Additional Information

• Explanation of the words:
• **"Manifest" :**It means to display or show (a quality or feeling) by one's acts or appearance; demonstrate.(स्पष्ट)
• "Disclose" : It means to make (secret or new information) known, or to reveal(प्रकट करना)
• "Confess" means to admit or state that one has committed a crime or is at fault in some way. (कबूल करना)

The correct answer is 'Option 4' i.e. 'Gloomy'.

Key Points

• The word "lively" in this context refers to a person full of life and energy.(जीवंत)
• Therefore, the most appropriate antonym for 'lively' would be a word that implies the lack of energy or enthusiasm.
• "Gloomy" implies a lack of brightness or cheerfulness, a state of being dim, dark, or depressed.(उदास)
• It effectively captures the opposite of 'lively'.

Therefore, the correct answer is: 'Gloomy'.

 Additional Information

• Explanation of the words:
• "Dreamy" refers to something that is pleasantly abstract, vague, or lacking in realism.(स्वप्निल)
• "Slimy" has a negative connotation and is used to describe something that is unpleasantly wet and sticky, or a person who is perceived as insincere and obsequious.(चिपचिपा).
• "Grainy" describes a rough or coarse texture or a picture that has a granular appearance. (दानेदार).

The correct answer is 'Option 3' i.e. 'Kind'.

Key Points

• The word "Cruel" means willfully causing pain or suffering to others, or feeling no concern about it.
• "Kind" is the correct antonym for 'cruel'.
• Kindness involves the qualities of being friendly, generous, and considerate, which stand in stark contrast to cruelty.(दयालु)

Therefore, the correct answer is: 'Kind'.

Additional Information 

• Explanation of the words:
• "Trunk" generally refers to the main stem of a tree, or a large box with a hinged lid for storing or transporting clothes and other articles.(तना)
• "Brutal" actually aligns with the meaning of 'cruel'. It means savagely violent or harsh.(निर्दयी)
• "Savage" also aligns with 'cruel'. It refers to being fierce, violent, and uncontrolled.(असभ्य)

The correct answer is 'Option 4' i.e. 'Solvant'.

Key Points

• "Solvant" is the incorrectly spelled word.
• The correct spelling is "Solvent".
• A solvent is a substance, usually a liquid, that can dissolve other substances.(विलायक)

Therefore, the correct answer is: 'Solvant'.

Additional Information

• Let's go through all the words:
• "Dribbling" is spelled correctly. It refers to the act of letting saliva or liquid fall from the mouth, or in sports like basketball, the act of moving a ball along by bouncing it.(लार टपकना)
• "Slice" is also spelled correctly. It means to cut something into thin, typically broad pieces.(काटना)
• "Temperament" is spelled correctly. It refers to a person's nature, especially as it permanently affects their behavior.(स्वभाव)

The correct answer is 'Option 1' i.e. 'Dishonest'.

Key Points

• The word "Steadfast" means resolutely or dutifully firm and unwavering.(अटल)
• So, in the context of being firm and constant, an antonym would be something that suggests inconsistency or unreliability.
• However, none of the options directly provide such an antonym.
• The best option, although not a perfect antonym, is: Dishonest
• This choice is based on the idea that a steadfast person is usually reliable and honest, whereas a dishonest person is not.
• "Dishonest" refers to a person or act that is not honest; disposed to lie, cheat, or steal; not worthy of trust or belief.(अनैतिक)

Therefore, the correct answer is: 'Dishonest'.

Additional Information

• Explanation of the words:
• "Unwavering" actually aligns with the meaning of 'steadfast'. It means not wavering or not changing or becoming weaker; steady or constant.(अटल)
• "Immobile" refers to not moving; motionless.(अचल)
• "Dependable" means reliable; able to be trusted(विश्वसनीय)

The correct answer is 'Option 3'.

Key Points

• The most appropriate option to fill in the blanks is: Allowed; break
• Explanation:
• The term "allowed" in this context refers to giving permission for a specific action. In this case, it refers to the permission to eat.
• The term "break" refers to a short period of time when you stop doing something and rest, or eat. In this context, it refers to a pause or rest period in which one might typically eat.

Therefore, the completed sentence would be: "They were not allowed to eat during the break.''

The correct answer is 'Option 3' i.e. 'Ramification'.

Key Points

• The phrase "The possible results of an action" refers to the outcomes or consequences that may occur as a result of a particular action.
• The correct one-word substitute is: Ramification
• Ramification refers to the consequence or outcome that occurs as a result of a decision or action.
• It involves a complex or unwelcome consequence.

Therefore, the correct answer is: 'Ramification'.

Additional Information

• Explanation of the words:
• "Implementation" refers to the process of making something active or effective. It's about executing a plan or decision, not the results of the action.(क्रियान्वयन)
• "Decision" is the conclusion or resolution reached after consideration. It's the act of deciding, not the result of an action.(निर्णय)
• "Causation" refers to the action of causing something to happen or the relationship between cause and effect.(कारण)

The correct answer is 'Option 3' i.e. 'Insolvent'.

Key Points

• The word "Bankrupt" refers to a person or organization declared in law unable to pay outstanding debts.
• "Insolvent" is the correct synonym for 'bankrupt'. Both terms refer to a state where a person or organization is legally unable to pay their debts.(दिवालिया)

Therefore, the correct answer is: 'Insolvent'.

Additional Information 

• Explanation of the words:
• "Well-off": It refers to being in comfortable circumstances financially, often indicating wealth.(धनी)
• "Invert" means to put upside down or in the opposite position, order, or arrangement.(उलटना)
• "Careless" refers to not giving sufficient attention or thought to avoiding harm or errors.(लापरवाह)

The correct answer is 'Option 4' i.e. 'Occassion'.

Key Points

• The incorrectly spelled word in the given options is: Occassion
• The correct spelling of the word is "Occasion."
• An occasion is a particular event, or the time at which it takes place.(अवसर)

Therefore, the correct answer is: 'Occassion'.

Additional Information

• Let's go through all the words:
• "Ignorance" is spelled correctly. It refers to lack of knowledge or information about something. (अज्ञान)
• "Misspell" is also spelled correctly. It means to spell a word wrongly.(गलती से वर्तनी लिखना)
• "Harass" is spelled correctly. It refers to subjecting someone to aggressive pressure or intimidation.(सताना)

The correct answer is 'Option 1'.

Key Points

• The segment that contains an error is: 'a taxi arrive'
• The error lies in the verb tense.
• The phrase "as soon as" is often followed by a verb in the present tense, not the base form, when used with a future main clause.
• So "arrive" should be "arrives" to match the tense in the rest of the sentence.
• This tense usage helps express the future event 'leaving for the airport' conditioned by another future event 'a taxi arriving'.

Therefore, the correct sentence is: "Nandu will leave for the airport as soon as a taxi arrives."

Hinglish

• वाक्य का वह भाग जिसमें त्रुटि है वह है "a taxi arrive."
• यहां विस्तृत हल है:
• वाक्य पढ़ता है: "नंदु छोड़ देंगे हवाई अड्डे के लिए जैसे ही एक टैक्सी पहुंचे।"
• हर भाग को इस प्रकार विभाजित किया गया है:
• "नंदु छोड़ देंगे" - यह भाग सही है। 'नंदु' वाक्य का विषय है और 'छोड़ देंगे' विषयों का भाग है जो विषय भविष्य में करेगा।
• "हवाई अड्डे के लिए" - यह भी सही है। यह वह क्रिया है जिसे 'नंदु' निकट भविष्य में लेगा।
• "जैसे ही" - यह मुहावरे का सही उपयोग है, जो तत्परता दर्शाता है। इसका अर्थ होता है कि 'नंदु' एक विशेष घटना होने के तुरंत बाद उल्लिखित क्रिया आरंभ करेगा (हवाई अड्डे के लिए जाना)।
• "एक टैक्सी पहुंचे" - इस भाग में त्रुटि है। यहां 'पहुंचता है' ('arrives') का उपयोग किया जाना चाहिए। क्योंकि हम एक अकेली टैक्सी के बारे में बात कर रहे हैं (जैसा कि अनिश्चित विशेषण "एक" द्वारा संकेत किया गया है) तो क्रिया संज्ञा से मेल खाने के लिए एकवचन में होनी चाहिए। सुधारित वाक्य इस प्रकार होना चाहिए: "नंदु हवाई अड्डे के लिए जाएंगे जैसे ही टैक्सी पहुंचती है।"
• इसलिए, सही उत्तर है 1) "एक टैक्सी पहुंचे।"

The correct answer is 'Option 4' i.e**. 'Shields'.**

Key Points

• The most appropriate option to fill in blank number 1 is: shields
• The word "shields" in this context refers to the ozone layer's function of providing protection by blocking or absorbing the sun's harmful ultraviolet (UV) radiation.

Therefore, the correct sentence is:

Additional Information

• Let's discuss the other options:
• "Attracts" - This would imply that the ozone layer is drawing the UV radiation towards people and other living things, which is incorrect.
• "Flourishes" - This word typically refers to a person, animal, or other organism living or growing in healthy and favorable conditions. It doesn't fit the context of the sentence, which is about the ozone layer's protective function.
• "Discovers" - This word typically refers to finding something or someone unexpectedly or in the course of a search. The ozone layer doesn't "discover" anything; it serves a protective function.

The correct answer is 'Option 2' i.e. 'In'.

Key Points

• The most appropriate option to fill in blank number 2 is indeed: 'in'
• The word "in" is used to specify that ozone exists within the boundaries of the atmosphere.
• It's the best fit because it accurately describes the location of these tiny concentrations of ozone.

Therefore, the correct sentence is: 

Additional Information

• Here's the explanation for the other options:
• "Below" - This preposition would suggest that the ozone is located beneath something, which isn't correct in this context because ozone is part of the atmosphere itself.
• "Throughout" - While this preposition could technically work because it suggests dispersion throughout the entire atmosphere, the word "in" is more accurate. "Throughout" implies an even distribution, but the sentence tells us that the distribution isn't even -- most of the ozone is in the stratosphere.
• "Under" - Similar to "below", this word suggests that the ozone exists under something, which isn't accurate in this context.

The correct answer is 'Option 3' i.e. 'Above'.

 Key Points

• The most appropriate option to fill in blank number 3 is: above
• The word "above" in this context denotes that the stratosphere, where most of the ozone is found, is located at a higher level than the Earth's surface.

Therefore, the correct sentence is: 

Additional Information

• Here's the explanation for the other options:
• "Into" - This preposition implies movement or transformation from one place or state to another, which isn't applicable in this context.
• "Onto" - This preposition would suggest that the stratosphere is on top of or directly touching the surface of the Earth, which is not accurate.
• "At" - This preposition would imply that the stratosphere is located at a specific point or place. However, it doesn't accurately describe the vertical distance between the stratosphere and the Earth's surface.

Hinglish

• सबसे उचित विकल्प जो खाली स्थान नंबर 3 में भरने के लिए चुनें, वह है 3) "above."
• सम्पूर्ण हल इस प्रकार है:
• हम धरती की सतह के ऊपर किसी दूरी को संदर्भित कर रहे हैं, इसलिए सबसे ठीक शब्द "above" (ऊपर) होगा। यह शब्द हमें यह बताता है की ओजोन परत ("ozone layer") पृथ्वी के सतह से कितनी दूरी पर स्थित है।
• विकल्पों में से "into" (भीतर), "onto" (पर), और "at" (पर) सही अर्थ नहीं बताते हैं, क्योंकि हमें किसी निश्चित पदार्थ में या सतह पर प्रवेश करने का निर्देश नहीं मिल रहा है।
• इसलिए, वाक्य को पूरा करने का सही तरीका होगा: "a layer that is 10 to 50 kilometres above the surface of the Earth" (एक परत जो पृथ्वी की सतह से 10 से 50 किलोमीटर 'ऊपर' स्थित होती है).

The correct answer is 'Option 4' i.e. 'Blocks'.

Key Points

• The most appropriate option to fill in blank number 4 is**: blocks**
• In this context, "blocks" means to prevent something from passing through.
• The ozone layer blocks, or filters, most of the sun's harmful UV radiation, preventing it from reaching the surface of the Earth.

Therefore, the correct sentence is:

Additional Information

• Here's the explanation for the other options:
• "Blames" - This verb is used to assign responsibility for a fault or wrong, which doesn't make sense in this context.
• "Builds" - This verb is used to construct or make something, which isn't applicable in this context.
• "Brims" - This verb means to fill or be full to the point of overflowing. It doesn't fit here because the ozone layer isn't "brimming" with UV rays, but blocking them.

The correct answer is 'Option 3' i.e. 'Learnt'.

Key Points

• The most appropriate option to fill in blank number 5 is: Learnt
• In this context, "learnt" is the past tense of "learn," indicating that the researchers acquired knowledge about the thinning of the ozone layer in the past.
• It is also used in British English instead of "learned", which is used in American English.

Therefore, the correct sentence is: 

Additional Information

• Here's the explanation for the other options:
• "Learning" - This is the present participle of "learn" and implies an ongoing process. It's not appropriate here because the sentence refers to a specific past event.
• "Learns" - This is the present tense form of "learn." It's not correct here because the sentence is referring to something that happened in the past.
• "Learn" - This is the base form of the verb and is generally used in the present tense, not the past.

सही उत्तर व‍िकल्‍प (3) "मुसीबत देखकर घबरा जाना" है। अन्‍य व‍िकल्‍प असंगत हैं।

Key Points

Important Pointsकुछ महत्‍वपूर्ण मुहावरे- 

Additional Information 

अनंत शब्‍द का सही विलोम शब्‍द "अंत" है। अन्‍य व‍िकल्‍प असंगत हैं। 

Key Points

• वाक्‍य- समुद्र की सीमा अनंत है। इस वाक्‍य में प्रयुक्‍त हुए शब्‍द अनंत का उचित विलोम अंत है।
• अनंत का अर्थ- जिसका अंत न हो, असीम।
• अंत का अर्थ- समाप्ति, खत्म हो जाना।

अन्‍य व‍िकल्‍प- 

Important Pointsकुछ अन्‍य व‍िलोम शब्‍द- 

Additional Information 

अव्‍यय से बना विशेषण शब्‍द "कैसा" नहीं है। अन्‍य व‍िकल्‍प असंगत हैं।

Key Points

• अगला, बाहरी और प‍िछला सभी शब्‍द अव्‍यय से बने हुए विशेषण है।
• कैसा शब्‍द अव्‍यय से बना हुआ व‍िशेषण नहीं है।

Important Points 

Additional Information

वाक्‍य में दिया गया शब्‍द "अंताक्षरी" शब्‍द की वर्तनी अशुद्ध है। अन्‍य व‍िकल्‍प असंगत हैं। 

Key Points

• वाक्‍य- 'आज विद्यालय में शिक्षिका ने अंताक्षरी खेलने को कहा।'
• इस वाक्‍य में अंताक्षरी शब्‍द की वर्तनी सही नहीं है।
• अंताक्षरी शब्‍द की शुद्ध वर्तनी अंत्याक्षरी है।

Important Points 

Additional Information 

सही उत्तर व‍िकल्‍प (3) "उठना - उठाना - उठवाना" है। अन्‍य व‍िकल्‍प असंगत हैं। 

Key Points

• मूल क्रिया, प्रथम प्रेरणार्थक क्रिया और द्वि‍तीय प्रेरणार्थक क्रिया का सही शब्‍द-क्रम- उठना-उठाना-उठवाना है।

अन्‍य व‍िकल्‍प- 

Additional Information