The logic followed here is:

1. RNJF → R - 4 = N; N - 4 = J; J - 4 = F
2. XTPL → X - 4 = T; T - 4 = P; P - 4 = L
3. MIEA → M - 4 = I; I - 4 = E; E - 4 = A
4. TPLI → T - 4 = P; P - 4 = L; L - 3 = I

Hence, 'TPLI' is the odd one out.

The logic followed here is:

Hence, '22' is the correct answer.

By using the symbols in the table given below, we can draw the following family tree:

Pointing to Kiran, Rohan says, “She is the daughter of the only son of my grandfather.”  So, there have two possible diagram.

  

   

But cousin is not present in options.

So,The only son of Rohan's grandfather is Rohan's father.

Daughter of Rohan's father is sister of Rohan.

Hence, ‘Sister’ is the correct answer.

The least possible Venn diagram is:          

   

Conclusions:

I. Some tandoors are oven. → Follows (As, All grills are ovens and Some tandoors are grills → Some tandoors are oven is definitely follow)

II. All ovens are tandoor. → Do not follow (As, All grills are ovens and Some tandoors are grills → Some ovens are tandoor, All ovens are tandoor is possible but not definitely follow )

Hence, Only conclusion I follows.

The logic followed here is:

Similarly,

Hence, 'YXOFDKW' is the correct answer.

The figure among the given options that can replace the question mark (?) in the following series is shown below:

The emoji is changing its position in anti-clockwise direction.

The heart shape is changing its position in clockwise direction and moving itself in clockwise direction while changing its position.

The vertical line increases by one as we move along the series.

Hence, 'option 3' is the correct answer.

The image embedded in given figure is as shown below:

Hence, 'option 3' is the correct answer.

Given equation: 15 × 6 + 132 – 11 ÷ 44 = 58

1. + and ×

15 + 6 × 132 – 11 ÷ 44 = 58

⇒ 15 + 6 × 132 – 0.25 = 58

⇒ 15 + 792 – 0.25 = 58

⇒ 807 – 0.25 = 58

⇒ 806.25 ≠ 58

2. + and ÷

15 × 6 ÷ 132 – 11 + 44 = 58

⇒ 15 × 6 ÷ 132 – 11 + 44 = 58

⇒ 15 × 0.045 – 11 + 44 = 58

⇒ 0.68 – 11 + 44 = 58

⇒ 44.68 – 11 = 58

⇒ 33.68 ≠ 58

3. ÷ and –

15 × 6 + 132 ÷ 11 - 44 = 58

⇒ 15 × 6 + 12 - 44 = 58

⇒ 90 + 12 - 44 = 58

⇒ 102 - 44 = 58

⇒ 58 = 58

4. × and ÷

15 ÷ 6 + 132 – 11 × 44 = 58

⇒ 2.5 + 132 – 484 = 58

⇒ 134.5 – 484 = 58

⇒ -349.5 ≠ 58

Hence, '÷ and –' is the correct answer.

Eight friends, A, B, C, D, E, F, G and H, are sitting clockwise around a circular table in the same sequence, facing the centre, at equal distance between them.

C is facing the north direction.

Now if D leaves his place and a new friend Y occupies D’s place.

Then, the two persons that are sitting opposite each other:

1. Y and B → No
2. C and H → No
3. B and F → Yes
4. F and A → No

Hence, 'B and F' is the correct answer.

Given: 

First term (a) = 53

Common difference (d) = 57 - 53 = 4

Sum of the first n terms (Sn)

Formula:

Sn = n/2[2a + (n − 1) × d]

Calculation:

1106 = n/2[2× 53 + (n − 1) × 4]

⇒ 2212 = n [106 + 4n - 4]

⇒ 2212 = 4n² + 106n - 4n 

⇒ 4n² + 102n - 2212 = 0

⇒ 4n2 + 158n - 56n - 2212 = 0

⇒ 4n(n + 47) - 56(n + 47) = 0

⇒  (n + 47) (4n - 56) =0

⇒ n = either - 47 or 14 

As negative answer is not possible, So 14 will be the correct answer.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 3".

The logic followed here is:

14 + 0³ = 14 + 0 = 14

14 + 13 = 14 + 1 = 15

15 + 23 = 15 + 8 = 23

23 + 43 = 23 + 64 = 87

87 + 53 = 87 + 125 = 212

212 + 63 = 212 + 216 = 428

Hence, '428' is the correct answer.

Faces opposite to each other is shown below:

Opposite pairs are

Hence, '@ and =' is the correct answer.

The logic followed here is:

Logic: Code is the positional value of letters.

Similarly,

Hence, '2211221519' is the correct answer.

The logic followed here is:

• 4523 : 22 → 45 - 23 = 22
• 9178 : 13 → 91 - 78 = 13

Similarly,

? : 14

1. 8228 → 82 - 28 = 54
2. 7448 → 74 - 48 = 26
3. 9152 → 91 - 52 = 39
4. 5440 → 54 - 40 = 14

Hence, '5440' is the correct answer.

Given sequence: KP_LMK_TL_KPT_M_PT_M 

1. T, P, M, L, K, L → KPTLM - KPTLM - KPTLM - KPTLM
2. P, K, L, T, M , L → KPPLM - KKTLL - KPTTM -MPTLM
3. P, T, L, K,M, L → KPPLM - KTTLL - KPTKM - MPTLM
4. T, P, L, M, L,K → KPTLM - KPTLL - KPTMM - LPTKM

In option 1, KPTLM is being repeated.

Hence, ‘T, P, M, L, K, L’ is the correct answer.

The logic followed here is:

• 'Monarch’ is related to ‘Butterfly’ → The monarch butterfly or simply monarch is a milkweed butterfly in the family Nymphalidae.

Similarly,

• ‘Mamba’ is related to ‘________’ → Mambas are fast moving highly venomous snakes of the genus Dendroaspis in the family Elapidae.

Hence, 'Snake' is the correct answer.

The unfolded to folded form of the figure is shown below:

Hence, 'option 1' is the correct answer.

The logic followed here is:

But for the second term the coded word i.e OVER given and we have to  find the initial term, so we have to go reverse in this case and instead of +1, -1 will be done to get the initial word from the coded word.

Hence, 'OVER' is the correct answer.

Mistake Points'SFWP' is the code itself and we have to find the word that is coded as SFWP, it is suggested to be careful while reading the question.

The set of classes the relationship among which is best illustrated by the given Venn diagram is shown below:

All advocates and uneducated people are citizens.

Hence, 'Citizen, Uneducated, Advocates' is the correct answer.

The logic is followed here column wise,

(First number + 1) × (Second number + 1) = Third number

First column:

⇒ (14 + 1) × (11 + 1)  = 15 × 12 = 180

Second column:

⇒ (12 + 1) × (17 + 1)  = 13 × 18 = 234

Third column:

⇒ (15 + 1) × (16 + 1)  = 16 × 17 = 272

Hence, the correct answer is 272.

The logic followed here is:

Similarly,

Hence, 'HSMS' is the correct answer.

Five persons are sitting in a row.

1. D and H are the two persons at the extreme end.

2. T is to the left of the H.

The above condition cannot be satisfied in Case II, so it is eliminated.

3. L is to the right of P.

Clearly, L is third from the left.

Hence, ‘Third’ is the correct answer.

The logic is followed here:

Note: G(7) = 26 + 7 = 33, So, 33 - 11 = 22. As alphabet series end with 26.

**Similarly, Q(17) + 15 = 32 = 32 - 26 = F(6).**As alphabet series end with 26.

Hence, the correct answer is OTY.

The correct option that indicates the arrangement of the given words in the order in which they appear in an English dictionary is:

3. Confound
4. Confucian 
5. Confusion
6. Congrats
7. Congregate

Hence, '3, 5, 2, 1, 4' is the correct answer.

The correct mirror image of the given figure when the mirror is placed at "XY" is shown below:

Hence, 'option 3' is the correct answer.

The correct answer is 1931.

Key Points

• In the 1900s, Khadi became a symbol of resistance against the British and the Charkha came to symbolize the collective identity of India.
• In 1931, the Indian National Congress used the charkha at the center of their tricolor flag.

Additional Information

• Indian National Congress:
• On 28 December 1885, the first session of the Indian National Congress (INC) was held in Bombay and continued till 31 December.
• It was started by a retired British Civil servant Allan Octavian Hume along with Dadabhai Naoroji and Dinshaw Wacha.
• The first session was attended by 72 delegates from all the Indian Provinces.
• The President of the first session was Womesh Chandra Bonnerjee.

The correct answer is 2002.

Key Points

• In 2002, India signed a contract with ISA and after a complete resource analysis of the seabed 50% was surrendered and the country retained an area of 75,000 sq km.
• According to a release from the Ministry of Earth Science, the estimated polymetallic nodule resources potential in this area is 380 million tonnes (MT), containing 4.7 MT of nickel, 4.29 MT of copper, 0.55 MT of cobalt, and 92.59 MT of manganese.
• Further studies have helped narrow the mining area to 18,000 sq km which will be the 'First Generation Mine-site'.

Additional Information

• International Seabed Authority (ISA):
• It is an autonomous international organization established under the 1982 United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, allowing the 'area' for deep-sea mining.
• India was the first country to receive the status of a 'Pioneer Investor' in 1987 and was given an area of about 1.5 lakh sq km in the central Indian Ocean Basic (CIOB) for nodule exploration.

The correct answer is Silappadikaram.

Key Points

• A famous Tamil epic, the silappadikaram, was composed by a poet named Ilango, around 1800 years ago.
• It is a story of a merchant named Kovalan, who lived in Puhar and fell in love with a courtesan named Madhavi, neglecting his wife Kannagi.
• Later, he and Kannagi left Puhar and went to Madhurai, where he was wrongly accused of theft by the court jeweler of the Pandya king.
• The king sentenced kovalan to death.
• Kannagi, who still loved him, was full of grief and anger at this injustice and destroyed the entire city of Madhurai.

Additional Information

• Shishupala Vadha:
• It is a work of classical Sanskrit poetry composed by Magha in the 7th or 8th century.
• It is an epic poem in 20 sargas of about 1800 highly ornate stanzas, and is considered one of the five Sanskrit mahakavyas, or "great epics".
• Aitareya Brahamana:
• It is the Brahamana of the Shakala Shakha of the Rigveda, an ancient Indian collection of sacred hymns.
• This work, according to tradition, is ascribed to Mahidasa Aitareya.
• Ramacharitam:
• It is a Sanskrit epic poem written in Arya meter by Sandhyakar Nandi during Pala Empire.
• This work simultaneously narrates the story of the Ramayana and the Pala King Ramapala.

The correct answer is Tamil Nadu.

Key Points

• On October 7, 2020, Guidance, a nodal investment promotion and facilitation agency of Tamilnadu (TN) located in Chennai joined hands with the World Economic Forum (WEF) to set up India's and South Asia's first advanced manufacturing hub (AMHUB) in Tamil Nadu.
• This collaboration is in line with the Tamil Nadu Electronics Hardware Manufacturing Policy 2020.
• AMHUB is one of the 19 platforms designed by the WEF.
• The state will be able to harness opportunities in electronics, electric mobility, solar energy, and textiles through collaboration with the AMHUB.

Important Points

• Advanced Manufacturing Hub:
• World Economic Forum's Advanced Manufacturing Hub (AMHUB) is a platform to aggregate and accelerate regional efforts to adapt to the future of advanced manufacturing and production.
• It focuses on the following
• Addressing Regional Opportunities
• Engaging regional production
• Challenges brought by Fourth Industrial Revolution

The correct answer is 1954.

Key Points

• Sahitya Akademi is India's National Academy of Letters.
• The Government of India established the Sahitya Akademi on 12 March 1954.
• It was first conferred in 1955.
• It was set up by the Government but functioned as an autonomous organization.
• On 7 January 1956, it was registered as a society under the Societies Registration Act, 1860.
• It is conferred annually on 24 writers for their outstanding works published in 24 Indian languages recognized by the Akademi.
• It has recognized English and Rajasthani apart from the 22 languages enumerated in the Indian Constitution.

Important Points

• Some important Sahitya Akademi Award 2023 are:

The correct answer is PV Sindhu.

Key Points

• PV Sindhu is the first Indian woman to win two consecutive medals at Olympics- silver in the 2016 Rio Games and bronze at the 2020 Tokyo Olympics.
• Sindhu ended 2021 with a silver at the Badminton World Federation (BWF).
• She was also the winner of the Syed Modi International Badminton title in January 2022.
• She became the first Indian to win a historic Gold at the Badminton World Championships in 2019.
• She also won the inaugural BBC Indian Sportswoman of the year award in 2019 following a public vote.

Additional Information

• BBC Indian Sportswoman of the Year Award:
• It is an initiative by the BBC Hindi in India to celebrate and honour sportswomen from India who have excelled in their respective fields.
• The first edition of the award took place in 2020, and P.V. Sindhu was the winner.
• The latest edition of the award took place in 2022, and Mirabai Chanu was the winner.

The correct answer is Srinivasa Kumar Tummala.

Key Points

• Dr. Srinivasa Kumar Tummala is the Director of Indian National Centre for Ocean Information Services (INCOIS), a leading organization in the field of ocean observation, information and advisory services under the Ministry of Earth Sciences (MoES), Government of India.
• He has extensive research experience, and held progressively senior techno-mangerial positions at premier scientific organisations such as Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC) of UNESCO, INCOIS and ISRO.
• He joined as Director in August 2020 after serving nearly 4 years on an International assignment at IOC-UNESCO Intergovernmental Coordination Group for Indian Ocean Tsunami warning and mitigation systems (ICG/IOTWMS) in Australia as Head of its Secretariat.

Additional Information

• Indian National Centre for Ocean Information Services (INCOIS):
• It is an autonomous organization of the Government of India, under the Ministry of Earth Sciences, located in Pragathi Nagar, Hyderabad.
• ESSO-INCOIS was established as an autonomous body in 1998 and is a unit of the Earth System Science Organization (ESSO).
• It is mandated to provide the best possible ocean information and advisory services to society, industry, government agencies and scientific community through sustained ocean observations and constant improvement through systematic and focussed research.

The correct answer is World Food Programme.

Key Points

• The UN World Food Programme (WFP), which provides lifesaving food assistance to millions across the world- often in extremely dangerous and hard-to-access conditions- has been awarded the 2020 Nobel Peace Prize.
• The agency was recognized "for its efforts to combat hunger, for its contribution to bettering conditions for peace in conflict-affected areas and for acting as a driving force to prevent the use of hunger as a weapon of war and conflict.
• WFP is the largest humanitarian organization in the world. Last year, it assisted 97 million people in 88 countries.

Important Points

• Nobel Peace Prize:
• It is one of the five Nobel prizes established by the will of Swedish industrialist, inventor and armaments manufacturer Alfred Nobel, along with the prizes in Chemistry, Physics, Physiology or Medicine and Literature.
• It was established in 1895 and First awarded in 1901.

Additional Information

• International Monetary Fund:
• It works to achieve sustainable growth and prosperity for all of its 190 member countries.
• It does so by supporting economic policies that promote financial stability and monetary cooperation, which are essential to increase productivity, job creation, and economic well-being.
• Amnesty International:
• It is an international non-governmental organization focused on human rights, with its headquarters in the United Kingdom.
• World Health Organization:
• It is a specialized agency of the United Nations, established in 1948.
• The constitution of WHO was signed by 61 countries in 1946.

The correct answer is Nepal.

Key Points

• Dashain is the longest Hindu festival in Nepal, traditionally celebrated for two weeks with prayers and offerings to Durga, the Universal Mother Goddess.
• The great harvest festival of Nepal, Dashain is a time for family reunions, exchange of gifts and blessings, and elaborate pujas.
• Dashain honours the Goddess Durga, who was created out of the shakti or energy of all the gods, armed with weapons for each of them.
• A large number of animals are officially sacrificed at Hanuman Dhoka during Nawami which is attended by officials, invitees, and visitors.
• The famous festival Fulpatti is also celebrated during these days. It is observed on the 7th day of the Dashain festival.

Additional Information

• Nepal:
• It is a landlocked country whose capital is Kathmandu and its currency is the Nepalese rupee (NPR).
• Ram Chandra Poudel  is the current president and Pushpa Kamal Dahal is the current prime minister of Nepal.
• The world's tallest mountain Mount Everest is located in Nepal. Its height is 8,848 meters.
• Recently Kajin Sara lake is discovered in the Singarkharka area of Chame in the Manang district of Nepal.
• Surya Kiran is a joint military exercise between India and Nepal.

The correct answer is Odisha.

Key Points

• Pattachitra Art is the folk painting of Odisha.
• It contains scenes related to the life of Lord Krishna.
• The name Pattachitra has evolved from the Sanskrit word Patta, meaning canvas, and Chitra, meaning picture.
• Pattachitra is thus a painting done on canvas and is thus a painting done on colorful application, creative motifs and designs, and portrayal of simple themes, mostly mythological in depiction.

Additional Information

• Some of the popular themes represented through this art form are
• Thia Badhia- depiction of the temple of Jagannath;
• Krishna Lila- enactment of Jagannath as Lord Krishna displaying his powers as a child'
• Dasabatara Patti- the ten incarnations of Lord Vishnu; Panchamukhi- depiction of Lord Ganesh as a five-headed deity.

The correct answer is Tehri dam.

Key Points

• The Tehri Dam is located in the state of Uttarakhand.
• It is the highest Dam in India with a height of 260.5 meters.
• It is also listed in the top ten highest dams in the world.
• This Dam is situated on the river Bhagirathi.
• Height of the Dam- 260.5  m
• Length of the Dam- 575 m
• Type of Dam- Rock fill
• The reservoir capacity - 21,00,000 acre-feet
• The capacity that is installed- 1000 Megawatt

Additional Information

• Sardar Sarovar Dam:
• It is located in the state of Gujarat.
• It is the largest dam in the Narmada Valley Project.
• This dam benefits the other neighbouring states of Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan, and Maharashtra.
• Hirakud Dam:
• It is located in the state of Orissa.
• It is the longest dam in India with a total length of 25.79 km.
• It is situated on the river Mahanadi.
• Bhakra Nangal Dam:
• It is located in the state of Himachal Pradesh and Punjab.
• It is situated on the river Sutlej.

The correct answer is Six and eleven, respectively.

Key Points

• Originally ten in number, the fundamental duties were increased to eleven by the 86th Amendment in 2002, which added a duty on every parent or guardian to ensure that their child or ward was provided opportunities for education between the ages of six and fourteen years.
• There are six fundamental rights of the Indian Constitution along with the constitutional articles related to them are mentioned below:
• Right to equality (Article 14-18)
• Right to freedom (Article 19-22)
• Right against exploitation (Article 23-24)
• Right to Freedom of Religion (Article 25-28)
• Cultural and Educational Rights (Article 29-30)
• Right to Constitutional Remedies (Article 32)

Additional Information

• Fundamental Rights:
• Articles 12-35 of the Indian constitution deal with Fundamental Rights.
• These human rights are conferred upon the citizens of India for the Constitution tells that these rights are inviolable.
• Fundamental Duties:
• 42nd Amendment Act of 1976 added 10 fundamental duties to the Indian Constitution.
• Swaran Singh's committee in 1976 recommended fundamental Duties, the necessity of which was felt during the internal emergency of 1975-77.

The correct answer is Cholera.

Key Points

• Cholera is a water-borne disease.
• Waterborne diseases are caused by a variety of microorganisms, biotoxins, and toxic contaminants.
• It leads to devastating diseases such as-
• Cholera
• Schistosomiasis
• Gastrointestinal problems

Additional Information

• Other Waterborne diseases
• Anaemia
• Arsenicosis
• Ascariasis
• Campylobacteriosis
• Cyanobacterial toxins
• Dengue and Dengue Haemorrhagic fever
• Diarrhoea

The correct answer is Firefly.

Key Points

• A pigment called luciferin is found in firefly.
• Luciferin is a light-emitting compound that is found in organisms that generate bioluminescence.
• Luciferins typically undergo an enzyme-catalyzed reaction with molecular oxygen.
• They mix oxygen with this pigment to generate light and a little heat.
• Fireflies are also known as lightening bugs or winged beetles.

Important Points

• Firefly:
• Inside special cells, they combine oxygen with a substance called luciferin to make light with almost no heat.
• They use this light, called bioluminescence, to light up the ends of their abdomen.
• Each firefly species has its own unique flashing pattern.

The correct answer is Novak Djokovic.

Key Points

• In the Australian Open 2020, Novak Djokovic defeated Dominic Thiem to win the Men's Singles title while Sofia Kenin defeated Garbine Muguruza to win the Women's Singles title.
• It was his record-extending eighth Australian Open title and 17th major singles title overall.
• With the win, Djokovic also regained the world's No. 1 singles ranking.
• Thiem became the first Austrian player to reach an Australian open singles final.

Additional Information

• Australian Open:
• It is the first of the four annual Grand Slam events among the world's major tennis championships.
• The grand slam Australian Open is held annually at Melbourne park in Melbourne, Australia.
• It was started in 1905 in only the Men Singles category, by the Lawn Tennis Association of Australasia (Now Australia).
• The first Australian open having the category "Women's Singles" was held in 1922.

The correct answer is lentil.

Key Points

• The MSP for lentils in 2019-20 is Rs. 4800 and in 2020-21 is Rs. 5100. The difference of Rs. 300.
• So, it is the highest increase in MSP for Rabi Marketing Season 2020-21.

Additional Information

• Minimum Support Price:
• It is the rate at which the government purchases crops from farmers, and is based on a calculation of at least one-and-a-half times the cost of production incurred by the farmers.
• MSP is a "minimum price" for any crop that the government considers as remunerative for farmers and hence deserving of "support".
• Cabinet Committee on Economic Affairs:
• It is chaired by Prime Minister Narendra Modi, who has given its approval for the hike in the MSPs for all Kharif crops for the 2016-17 season.
• It keep a check on prices of agricultural products.

The correct answer is Matangini Hazra.

Key Points

• Matangini Hazra was not forgotten by the country for whose freedom she devoted her entire life.
• In 1977, the first statue in the Kolkata Maidan dedicated to a woman revolutionary was that of Matangini Hazra.

Important Points

• Matangini Hazra (1869-1942):
• She was an Indian revolutionary who participated in the Indian independence movement until she was shot dead by the British Indian police in front of the Tamluk Police Station on September 29, 1942.
• She was affectionately known as Gandhi Buri, Bangla for old lady Gandhi.
• In 1905, she became actively interested in the Indian independence movement as a Gandhian.
• In 1932, she took part in the Non-cooperation Movement and was arrested for breaking the Salt Act.

The correct answer is Epidermis.

Key Points

• The epidermis is the outermost layer of skin on the body.
• It protects our body from harm, keeps your body hydrated, produces new skin cells, and contains melanin, which determines the color of your skin.
• Our skin has 3 main layers and the outermost layer in our body.
• The other two layers of skin are the dermis and hypoderms.
• The epidermis is the thinnest layer of skin, but it's responsible for protecting you from the outside world, and it's composed of five layers of its own.

Additional Information

• Keratin:
• It is the type of protein that makes up your hair, skin, and nail.
• It can also be found in your internal organs and glands.
• It is a protective protein, less prone to scratching or tearing than other types of cells your body produces.
• Larynx:
• It is part of the respiratory system.
• It contains vocal cords and is essential to human speech, so it's often called the voice box.
• Quadriceps:
• The quadriceps femoris is a hip flexor and a knee extensor.
• It consists of four individual muscles; three vastus muscles and the rectus femoris.

The correct answer is 1835.

Key Points

• The Education Act was introduced in the year 1835.
• Lord William Bentinck, then Governor-General of the British East India Company, decided in 1835 to reallocate funds needed by the British Parliament to spend on education and literature in India, and the Act of the council of India gave effect to his decision.
• They had previously provided very minimal support for traditional Muslim and Hindu education, as well as the dissemination of literature in India's then-traditional languages of learning (Sanskrit and Persian); they were to assist establishments that taught a western curriculum using English as the medium of instruction going forward.
• Macaulay believed in the supremacy of western learning.
• He held the view that English should be the only medium of education in India.
• This was making English the language of the nation, it was no more the native language of its foreign rulers.

Important Points

• The English Education Act of 1835 has three distinct features:
• English should be used as a medium of instruction in higher education.
• To stop promoting oriental schools like the Calcutta Madrasa and the Benaras Sanskrit College.
• Incorporate English textbooks into the school curriculum.

The correct answer is Chenab.

Key Points

• Salal power station is the run-of-the-river scheme with an installed capacity of 690 MW to harness the Hydropower potential of river Chenab.
• The Power Station was commissioned in the years 1987, 1993,1994, and 1995.
• It is located in Jammu and Kashmir.
• The beneficiary states of this power station are Chandigarh, Delhi, Himachal Pradesh, Haryana, Jammu and Kashmir, Punjab, Rajasthan, Uttarakhand, and Uttar Pradesh.
• This dam is India's first dam to be built on a rock pedestal, and Jammu's largest hydroelectric project.

Additional Information

• Bhagirathi:
• It is a Himalayan River that flows in Uttarakhand state.
• It is one of the two headstreams of the pious Ganga River.
• This river has a length of 205 km and a basin of about 6,921 sq, km.
• Jhelum:
• It is a river in the northern Indian subcontinent.
• It originates at verinag and flows through the Indian-administered territory of Jammu and Kashmir, to Pakistan-occupied Kashmir.
• Kosi:
• The river Kosi also called Kosi is called the sorrow of Bihar.
• The river gained its name as the sorrow of Bihar due to the annual floods that affect the state most of the time during the rainy season.

The correct answer is the Statutory Liquidity Ratio.

Important Points 

• The full form of SLR is the Statutory Liquidity Ratio.
• Every bank should have a portion of its Net Demand and Time Liabilities (NDTL) in cash, gold, or other liquid securities.
• The SLR is the proportion of these liquid securities that a bank must maintain.
• The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) can raise this percentage by up to 40%.
• The primary objective of the SLR rate is to maintain liquidity in Financial Institutions operating in the country.
• Besides this, the SLR rate also helps: Control credit flow and inflation.
• Promote investment in government securities.

The correct answer is Mariyappan T.

Key Points

• Mariyappan Thangavelu is a Paralympic high jumper.
• He received the prestigious Rajiv Gandhi Khel Ratna Award in August 2020.
• He is being rewarded for his gold medal in the 2016 Rio Paralympics in the T-42 high jump category. T-42 applies to athletes with a single above-the-knee amputation or a disability that is comparable.
• He is India's first Paralympian gold medalist since 2004.

Additional Information

• Rajiv Gandhi Khel Ratna Award:
• It is given for the spectacular and most outstanding performance in the field of sports by the sportsperson over a period of four years.
• The first recipient of the award was Chess Grandmaster Vishwanathan Anand.
• It has a reward of Rs. 25 lakh rupees.
• The 2020 recipients of the award are as follows:
• Rohit Sharma (Cricket)
• Mariyappan Thangavelu (Para-Athletics)
• Manika Batra (Table Tennis)
• Vinesh Phogat (Wrestling)
• Rani Rampal (Hockey.

The correct answer is The judiciary refers to the system of courts in the country.

Key Points

• Legislature is a group of people who vote for new laws, for example in a state or country.
• Each person in the legislature is usually either elected or appointed.
• Hence, Option 1 is incorrect.
• The executive consists of the President, Vice President and Council of Ministers, led by the Prime Minister.
• Hence, Option 2 is incorrect.
• The Legislature, Executive and the Judiciary Should exercise different powers in separate areas.
• Hence, Option 3 is incorrect.
• The Judiciary is that branch of the government that interprets the law, settles disputes and administers justice to all citizens.
• The judiciary is considered the watchdog of democracy, and also the guardian of the constitution.
• For democracy to function effectively, it is imperative to have an impartial and independent judiciary.
• **Hence, Option 4 is correct.**​

The correct answer is Second.

Key Points

• Currently, India has the second-largest emerging Green Bond Market after China.
• The State Bank of India entered the green bond market with a US$650 million Certified Climate Bond.
• In 2019, India joined the International platform on Sustainable Finance (IPSF) to further boost environmentally sustainable investments.

Additional Information

• Economic Survey 2019-20:
• The theme of the Economic Survey is wealth creation, promotion of pro-business policies, and strengthening of trust in the economy.
• There have been many new firms created in the country since 2014.
• In the formal sector, there has been a 12.2% cumulative annual growth rate of new firms in 2014-18, compared to 3.8% in 2006-2014.
• Under the Pradhan Mantri Awaas Yojana-Gramin (PMAY-G), the number of houses completed in a year quadrupled.
• Ayushman Bharat has set up 28,005 Health and Wellness Centres as of 14th January 2020.
• All the urban areas of 35 states/UTs have been declared 'Open defecation free'

The correct answer is GMR Hyderabad International Airport.

Key Points

• Hyderabad Airport becomes the first one in India to offer E-boarding services to flyers boarding international flights.
• Indigo was the first airline to start the international flight e-boarding service at Rajiv Gandhi International Airport (HYD).
• Hyderabad airport has already been providing end-to-end paperless E-boarding for flyers boarding domestic flights.
• The new procedure follows the true spirit of "Atmanirbhar Bharat" and is in line with the Centre's Digital India campaign.
• Hyderabad International Airport started its domestic e-boarding facility in December 2015.

Additional Information

• E-boarding Facility:
• Those opting for e-boarding can book the ticket online and do web check-in.
• Once the passenger reaches the airport, the digital/printed boarding card should be displayed at the e-boarding scanner; The CISF personnel then validates the documents and allow entry.

Given:

The average of 9 numbers is 51.

The average of three of them is 49.

And the average of 4 of the remaining numbers is 46.

Shortcut Trick 9 numbers average = 51

Now, out of 9, 3 numbers average = 49

It means, 51 - 49 = 2 (Remained from the total average)

Now, average for next 4 numbers = 46

It means, 51 - 46 = 5 (Remained from the total average)

Therefore, Average of remaining 2 numbers,

⇒ (2 × 3) + (5 × 4) + (2 × 51)/2

⇒ 6 + 20 + 102/2 

⇒ 128/2 = 64

∴ The average of the remaining numbers is 64.

Alternate Method

Formula used:

Average = (Sum of the observations) / (Number of observations)

Calculation:

The average of 9 numbers is 51.

Sum of 9 numbers = 9 × 51 = 459

The average of three of them is 49.

Sum of 3 numbers = 3 × 49 = 147

And the average of 4 of the remaining numbers is 46.

Sum of 4 numbers = 4 × 46 = 184

The sum of the remaining numbers = 459 – (147 + 184) = 128

The average of the remaining numbers = $128\over(9-7)$ = $128\over2$ = 64

∴ The average of the remaining numbers is 64.

Shortcut Trick

Effective rate for 2 years (compounded annually at 20%) = 20 + 20 + (20 × 20)/100 = 44%.

Effective rate for 2 years (compounded half-yearly at 10% per cycle) = 46.41%.

Difference in interest rate percentage = 46.41% − 44% = 2.41%.

Value of x = 2.41% of ₹16,000 = 2.41 × 160 = ₹385.60.

∴ The correct answer is ₹385.60.

Alternate Method

Given:

Principal (P) = ₹16,000

Time (T) = 2 years

Rate (R) = 20% per annum

Formula Used:

Amount (A) = P(1 + r/100)ⁿ

Compound Interest (CI) = A − P

Case 1: Compounded Annually

⇒ Rate = 20%, Time = 2 years

⇒ Amount = 16000(1 + 20/100)² = 16000(1.2)²

⇒ Amount = 16000 × 1.44 = ₹23,040

⇒ CI₁ = 23040 − 16000 = ₹7,040

Case 2: Compounded Half-yearly

⇒ New Rate = 20/2 = 10% per half-year

⇒ New Time = 2 × 2 = 4 half-years

⇒ Amount = 16000(1 + 10/100)⁴ = 16000(1.1)⁴

⇒ Amount = 16000 × 1.4641 = ₹23,425.60

⇒ CI₂ = 23425.60 − 16000 = ₹7,425.60

Difference (x):

⇒ x = CI₂ − CI₁

⇒ x = 7425.60 − 7040.00 = ₹385.60

∴ The correct answer is ₹385.60.

Additional Information

Half-yearly Compounding Rule

When interest is compounded half-yearly, the annual rate is divided by 2 and the number of years is multiplied by 2.

Effective Rate of Interest

For a rate r for 2 periods, the effective rate is [r + r + (r × r)/100] %.

Compound Interest vs Simple Interest

For 2 years, the difference between CI and SI is given by P(R/100)².

Given:

A sum of Rs. 7560 is divided between A, B, and C.

Their shares are diminished by Rs. 400, Rs. 300, and Rs. 260

Calculation: 

Diminished sum = 7560 - (400 + 300 + 260)

⇒ 7560 - 960

⇒ Rs. 6600

The given ratio is 4 : 2 : 5

Now,

⇒ 4x + 2x + 5x = 6600

⇒ 11x = 6600

⇒ x = Rs. 600

Diminished share of C = 5 × 600 = Rs. 3000

C was diminished by Rs. 260

∴ Original share of C = 3000 + 260 = Rs. 3260

Given:

Sheena owned 4 plants on which fresh flowers come every 2nd, 3rd, 4th and 6th day.

On Tuesday, fresh flowers came on all the four plants.

Calculation:

LCM of (2, 3, 4, 6) = 12

Fresh flowers came on all the four plants on Tuesday

So, next day will fresh flowers come on all the four plants at the earliest after 12 days from Tuesday.

⇒ Tuesday + 12th day

⇒ Sunday

∴ The correct answer is Sunday.

Given - 

Difference end of 3^rd year and end of 1^st year price = ₹ 69.30

Formula used:-

Price after n years = P(1 + R₁/100)(1 + R₂/100 )(1 + R_n/100) = (n + 1)'s year price

Calculation - 

Let 1^st yr price be x

⇒ 2^nd yr price = x$(1 + {\frac{10}{100}})$ = 1.1x

⇒ 3^rd yr price = 1.1x$(1 + {\frac{10}{100}})$ = 1.21x

⇒ 4^th yr price = 1.21x$(1 + {\frac{10}{100}})$ = 1.331x   

According to question-

End of 3^rd year price - End of 1^st year price

⇒ 1.21x - x = 69.30

⇒ 0.21x = 69.30

⇒ x = 330

∵ 4^th yr price = 1.331x

⇒ 4^th yr price = 1.331 × 330

∴ End of 4^th year price is ₹ 439.23

Calculation: 

Let the cost price of the of the product is 100

Marked Price of the product is 120.

If two successive discount given of 5 % and 10 % then total discount = - 10 - 5 + $10 ×5 \over 100$ % = - 14.5 % discount

So the selling price = 120 × 85.5 % = 102.6

So, the profit percentage = 102.6 - 100 = 2.6%

∴ The gain percentage is 2.6%.

Shortcut Trick 15% = 3/20, 3 increases on 20.

⇒ 3 Units = 2160

⇒ 1 Unit = 720

⇒ 20 Units = 14400

∴ The average attendance in 2011 was 14400.

Alternate Method

Calculation:

Let,

The average attendance in 2011 was = x

The average attendance in 2012 increased by 15%

That value is 2160 more than the previous year

so,

⇒ (x × 15) / 100 = 2160

⇒ x × 15 = 216000

⇒ x = 14400

∴ The average attendance in 2011 was 14400.

Given:

Area of rectangular garden = 432 m²

Length is 6 m more than width

Concept: 

Area of rectangular park = width × length

Perimeter of rectangular park = 2 (w + l)

Calculation: 

Let, width of the rectangular Garden = w

then, length of the rectangular garden = w + 6

Area = w × (w + 6) = 432

⇒ w² + 6w - 432 = 0

⇒ w² + 24w - 18w - 432 = 0 

⇒ w (w + 24) - 18 (w + 24) = 0

⇒ (w + 24) (w - 18) = 0

So, w = 18 and w = - 24 (not possible, width can not be -ve)

So Width is 18 and length is 18 + 6 = 24

perimeter of the rectangular garden = 2 (w + l) 

perimeter = 2 (24 + 18) = 2 × 42 = 84

∴ The perimeter of the rectangular park is 84 m.

Concept Used:

BODMAS Rule:

Calculation - 

3 + {$\large{{ 1 + \frac{1}{3} - (3 - \frac{4}{3}) + \frac{1}{4} + \frac{2}{3}}}$}

⇒ 3 + {$\large{{ 1 + \frac{1}{3} - \frac{5}{3} + \frac{1}{4} + \frac{2}{3}}}$}

⇒ 3 + {${{\frac{12 + 4 + 3 + 8}{12} - \frac{5}{3}}}$}

⇒ 3 + ${{ \frac{27}{12} - \frac{5}{3}}}$

⇒ 3 + ${{ \frac{7}{12}}}$

⇒ 43/12

∴ The correct option is 3.

Given:

Cost price (CP) = Rs. 3,750

Gain(P) = 20%

Formula used:

$P\% = \frac{(SP-CP)×100}{CP}$

Calculation:

A vendor bought fruits = 25 dozen = 25 × 12 = 300 

Rotten fruits = 50

Remaining fruits = 300 - 50 = 250

⇒ $20 = \frac{(SP-3750)×100}{3750}$

⇒ (SP - 3750) × 100 = 20 × 3750

⇒ SP - 3750 = 750

⇒ SP = Rs. 4500

Selling price (SP) = Rs. 4500

Now,

The selling price of 250 fruits = Rs. 4500

The selling price of 12 fruits or one dozen fruits = 4500 × 12/250 = Rs. 216

∴ The selling price per dozen is Rs. 216

Given:

Cost price = Rs. 560

MRP = Rs. 750

First discount(D₁) = 16%

Second discount(D₂) = ?

Formula used:

CP = $MRP\times{(100-D_1)\over100} \times {(100-D_2)\over100}$

D% = $(D\times100)\over MRP$

Calculation:

Let the second discount be D₂%

⇒ 560 = $750\times{(100-16)\over100} \times {(100-D_2)\over100}$ 

⇒ 560 = $750\times{84\over100} \times {(100-D_2)\over100}$

⇒ 22,400 = 25,200 – 252D₂

⇒ 252D2 = 2800

⇒ D2% = $2800\over252$ = $100\over9$ = $11{1\over9}$%

∴ The second discount is $11{1\over9}$%.

Alternate Method Let the second discount is D2%

D1 = ${CP\times100}\over(100-D_1)$

⇒ D1 = ${560\times100}\over84$ 

⇒ D1 = Rs. 666.67

So, Rs. 666.67 is the price after the first discount of Rs. 750 is the original discount.

Discount is given in the first instance = 750 – 666.67 = Rs. 83.33

D2 % =${83.33\times100}\over750$ = 11.11%

∴ The second discount is $11{1\over9}$%.

Calculation:

Prime factors of 552 = 2 × 2 × 2 × 3 × 23 = 8 × 69

Prime factor of 759 = 3 × 11 × 23 = 11 × 69

Prime factor of 828 = 2 × 2 × 3 × 3 × 23 = 4 × 9 × 23

The highest common factor of 552, 759, and 828 is 69.

∴ The value of x lies between 65 and 70.

Given:

Total distance = 240 km

S ₁ = 70 km/h

S ₂ = 50 km/h

Formula used:

Time = Distance/Speed

Calculation;

Anil travels from Y city to X city in 1 h 30 min with speed = 70 km

Distance covered by Anil in 1 h 30 min = Speed × Time

⇒ 70 × (1 + 30/60) hr

⇒ 70 × 3/2 = 105 km

Remaining distance = 240 - 105 = 135 km

Time required to cover the remaining distance = 135/50 hr

⇒ 2 hr 42 min

Total time taken by Anil to reach on X city = 1 hr 30 min + 2 hr 42 min

⇒ 4 hr 12 min

So Anil reached at X city on = 4:20 am + 4 hr 12 min

⇒ 8:32 am

∴ The required answer is 8:32 am.

Given:

Time taken by Kelvin and Kin together = 25 days

Kin left after 15 days

Kelvin finished the remaining work in 12 days

Formula used:

Work Done  = time × efficiency

Calculation:

Let kelvin and kin be A and B respectively-

⇒ A + B = 25 Days

⇒ 1 Day Work by A and B = 1/A + 1/B

⇒ 1/A + 1/B = 1/25

According to Question -

⇒ (1/A + 1/B) ×15 + 1/A × 12 = 1

⇒ 1/25 × 15 + 1/A × 12 =1

⇒ 1/A × 12 = 1 - 15/25

⇒ A = $\large{\frac{25 × 12}{10}}$ 

⇒ A = 30 Days

∴ The correct answer is 30.

Alternate Method

According to question,

Time taken by Kelvin and Kin together = 25 days

Kin left after 15 days

Kelvin finished the remaining work in 12 days

So, (Kelvin + kin) × 25 = (Kelvin + Kin) × 15 + Kelvin × 12

⇒ 25 Kelvin + 25 Kin = 27 Kelvin + 15 Kin

⇒ 10 Kin = 2 Kelvin

⇒ Kin/Kelvin = 1/5

Total Work = (Kin + Kelvin) × 25 = 6 × 25 = 150

Time taken by Kelvin alone = 150/5 = 30

∴ The correct answer is 30.

Concept Used:

Follow the BODMAS rule according to the table given below

Calculation:

3 × 6 + 8 - 6 ÷ 3 + 9

⇒ 3 × 6 + 8 - 2 + 9

⇒ 18 + 8 - 2 + 9

⇒ 35 - 2

⇒ 33

Given:

A man travels from A to B at a speed of 20 Km/h

Returns by increasing his speed by 50%

Formula Used:

Average Speed = Total distance / Total Time

Calculation:

Speed of A to B = 20 km/h

Speed of B to A = 20 + (20 × 50/100) = 30 km/h

Time taken from A to B = d/20 hr

Time taken from B to A = d/30 hr

Average Speed = $\frac{d + d}{\frac{d}{20} + \frac{d}{30}}$

⇒ 24 km/h

∴ Average speed is 24 km/h

Shortcut Trick

Average Speed = $\frac{2 \times 20\times30}{20+30}$

⇒ 24 km/h

∴ Average speed is 24 km/h

Shortcut Trick

Present average age of 4 older members = 19 + 4 = 23 years.

Total age of these 4 members today = 23 × 4 = 92 years.

Total age of 5 members today (including baby) = 19 × 5 = 95 years.

Present age of the baby = 95 − 92 = 3 years.

∴ The correct answer is 3 years.

Alternate Method

Given:

Average age of a family of 4 members 4 years ago = 19 years

Current average age of the family (5 members including baby) = 19 years

Formula Used:

Total Age = Average Age × Number of Persons

4 Years Ago 4 Members Sum = 76

• 16 Years

Present 4 Members = 92 5 Members = 95 Baby's Age = 95 − 92 = 3 Years

Calculations:

⇒ Total age of 4 members 4 years ago = 4 × 19 = 76 years

⇒ After 4 years, each member's age increases by 4 years.

⇒ Total increase in age of 4 members = 4 × 4 = 16 years

⇒ Present total age of the 4 original members = 76 + 16 = 92 years

⇒ Total members in the family today = 4 + 1 (baby) = 5 members

⇒ Present total age of 5 members = 5 × 19 = 95 years

⇒ Present age of the baby = Total present age of 5 members − Total present age of 4 members

⇒ Present age of the baby = 95 − 92 = 3 years

∴ The correct answer is 3 years.

Additional Information

Change in Average over Time

If the average age of a group is A years, then after t years, the new average age of the same group becomes (A + t) years, provided no member leaves or joins.

Inclusion of a New Member

Age of new member = Total age of new group − Total age of old group at present. This is frequently used when a baby is born or a new person joins a group.

Combined Average

The combined average of two groups with sizes n₁ and n₂ and averages A₁ and A₂ respectively is given by (n₁A₁ + n₂A₂) ÷ (n₁ + n₂).

Given:

T₁ = 2 years

R₁ = 12% per annum

T₂ = 3 years

R₂ = 10% per annum

Also, SI₂ - SI₁ = Rs. 60

Formula used:

SI = $\frac{P × R × T}{100}$ 

Where

P = Principal

R = rate of interest

T = time

Calculation:

Let the Principal be x

SI₁ = (x × 12 × 2)/100

⇒ SI₁ = 6x/25

And SI₂ = (x × 10 × 3)/100

⇒ SI₂ = 3x/10

According to the statement,

3x/10 - 6x/25 = 60

⇒ 3x/50 = 60

⇒ x = 1000

Hence, Principal is Rs. 1000

Shortcut Trick SI₁ = (12 × 2)% of P = 24% of P

SI₂ = (10 × 3)% of P = 30% of P

Now, (30% of P) - (24% of P) = 60

⇒ 6% of P = 60

⇒ P = 1000

∴ The correct answer is Rs. 1000

Shortcut Trick

Effective compound interest rate for 2 years at 10% per annum = 10 + 10 + (10 × 10) ÷ 100 = 21%

According to the given condition, 21% of the Sum = ₹3,360

⇒ Sum = (3,360 ÷ 21) × 100 = ₹16,000

∴ The correct answer is ₹16,000.

Alternate Method

Given:

Compound Interest (CI) = ₹3,360

Rate (R) = 10% per annum

Time (T) = 2 years

Formula Used:

Amount (A) = P × (1 + R ÷ 100)^T

CI = A − P

0 Year 1 Year 2 Years Sum (P)

+10% +10%

Net CI = 21% = ₹3,360

Calculations:

⇒ Amount (A) = P × (1 + 10 ÷ 100)²

⇒ A = P × (11 ÷ 10)²

⇒ A = 121P ÷ 100

⇒ CI = A − P

⇒ 3,360 = (121P ÷ 100) − P

⇒ 3,360 = (121P − 100P) ÷ 100

⇒ 3,360 = 21P ÷ 100

⇒ P = (3,360 × 100) ÷ 21

⇒ P = 160 × 100 = 16,000

∴ The correct answer is ₹16,000.

Additional Information

Effective Rate of Compound Interest

For two years at a rate of R%, the effective rate of compound interest can be calculated directly using the formula: R_eff = R + R + (R × R) ÷ 100.

Difference Between CI and SI

The difference between Compound Interest and Simple Interest for 2 years on the same principal is calculated using the formula: CI − SI = P × (R ÷ 100)².

Half-yearly Compounding

If the interest is compounded half-yearly instead of annually, the applied rate becomes R ÷ 2, and the compounding periods become 2T.

Calculation:

Let the present age of A and B be 8x and 15x

According to the question,

⇒$8x + 4 \over 15x+4$ = $9\over 16$

⇒ 128x + 64 = 135x + 36

⇒ 7x = 28

⇒ x = 4

So, the Present age of a is 8 × 4 = 32

the present age of B is 15 × 4 = 60

After 8 years age sum of A and B age = (32 + 8) + (60 + 8) = 108

∴ The sum of A & B's age after 8 years is 108.

Given:

Monthly salaries of ratios A, B and C are 7 : 8 : 11

Monthly salary of B is Rs. 3600 less than that of C

Calculation:

Let the ratio of salaries be x

⇒ A = 7x, B = 8x, C = 11x

C - B = 3600

⇒ 11x - 8x = 3600

⇒ 3x = 3600

⇒ x = 1200

A = 7x = 7 × 1200

⇒ A = 8400

Annual salary of A = 8400× 12 = 100800

∴ Annual salary of A is Rs. 100800.

Given - 

Discount = 10%

MP = 1.2 x CP

Formula used -

Profit% = $\large{\frac{SP - CP}{CP}\times100}$

Calculation -

Let CP be 100

So, MP = 120

According to question,

⇒ SP = 120 - 120 x $\large{\frac{10}{100}}$

$⇒$ SP = 108

$⇒$ Profit% = $\large{\frac{108 - 100}{100}}\times100$

$⇒$ Profit% = 8%

∴ The percentage profit he make is 8%

Given;

A can complete a task in 15 days.

B can complete a task in 20 days.

Formula used:

Work = Efficiency × Time

Calculation:

LCM of 15 and 20 = 60

Total work = 60 units

Efficiency of A = 60/15 = 4

Efficiency of B = 60/20 = 3

Together A and B work taken time = 60/(4 + 3)

⇒ 60/7

Work done is inversely proportional to time taken.

∴ Work done together by A and B = 7/60

Calculation:

Cost price of A is 384

Selling Price A is 527

Gain = 527 - 384 = 143

Profit percentage of A = $143 \over 384$ × 100 % = 37.2395 %

Cost Price of B = 1264

Selling Price of B = 1724

Gain = 1724 - 1264 = 460

Profit Percentage of B = $460 \over 1264$ × 100 % = 36.3924 %

Difference in Gain percentage = (37.2395 - 36.3924) % = 0.84 %

∴ Gain percentage of A is 0.84 % more than B.

Given:

The diameter of the base of a right circular cone = 60 cm

The height of a right circular cone = 16 cm

Formula used:

The curved surface area of the cone = π × (radius) × (slant height)

(Slant height)² = (radius)² + (height)²

Calculation:

Let, diameter = D

Radius = R

⇒ R = D/2 = 60/2 = 30 cm

(Slant height)2 = (radius)2 + (height)2

Slant height = $\sqrt {R^2 + H^2}$

Slant height = $\sqrt {30^2 + 16^2 }$

⇒ $\sqrt { 900 + 256 }$

⇒ $\sqrt { 1156}$

⇒ 34

Now, The curved surface area of the cone = π × (radius) × (slant height)

⇒ π × 30 × 34

⇒ 1020 π 

∴ The curved surface area (in cm2) of the cone is 1020 π

The correct answer is "didn't he"

Key Points

• The most appropriate substitution for the given statement is "didn't he".
• As here the subject is a farmer, who is a living thing and we can not use the word "it" for this situation.
• As per the rules of grammar if the first sentence is in the past form then the following question tag should also be in past form, so it should be "didn't" instead of "isn't".
• *Example: She ate a pie, didn't she?*​
• Therefore, as per the above explanation the most accurate substitution is "didn't he".​

​

Additional Information​        Let us see why the other options are not correct. 

• option 2 "did he" is incorrect because the question statement is in negative form but it will convert it into a positive form.
• option 4  "didn't they" is incorrect because the word "they" is used for plural but here we are talking about farmer which is singular.

The correct answer is "seeing sea". 

Key Points

• The phrase "seeing sea" is missing an article.
• An article gives information about the noun by coming in front of it.
• As the sentence denotes a specific sea, the article "the" must be used.
• Therefore, the correct phrase will be "seeing the sea".

Additional Information

• Articles are divided into definite and indefinite articles.
• "The" is the definite article as it denotes the particular noun.
• Example: Let us eat from the shop near our school.
• "A" and "an" are indefinite articles as they denote any noun.
• "A" is used before a noun that does not begin with a vowel sound.
• Example: Mike is a teacher.
• "An" is used before a noun beginning with a vowel sound. 
• Example: Elly saw an elephant yesterday.

The correct answer is "Agreement"

Key Points

• The word given here is "Dispute" which means an argument between two groups or two individuals.
• Example: Punjab and Haryana's dispute over river water is not over yet.
• The marked word here is "Agreement" which means everyone is in the favour of a decision made collectively.
• Example: All the clients have made an agreement with the company regarding taxes.
• Therefore, we can clearly see that both words are exactly opposite to each other. So, these are antonyms.

Additional Information Let us see what is the meaning of the other options:

• "Trouble" means to have some difficulty or problem with something or with someone.
• Example: He is troubled with his mental health.
• "Confusion" means being in a state of not understanding something clearly.
• Example: I am having confusion about this chapter.
• "Doubt" means not being sure of something.
• Example: He was doubting that someone has spiked his drink.

The correct answer is "First speech"

Key Points

• The correct meaning of the given idiom "Maiden speech" is "First speech".
• Maiden speech means the first speech delivered by a parliament member, who is recently appointed.
• ​Example: New Prime Minister will make his maiden speech at 11 am today.
• ​Therefore, as per the above-mentioned points option, 2 is the correct answer.

Additional Information          Let us understand here what are idioms.

• Idioms are phrases whose exact meaning is quite different from all the words used in the phrase.
• Example: He is over the moon after being selected for placement.
• In the above example idiom "over the moon" doesn't mean that the person is travelling in space or the moon in reality.
• In fact, it means the person is very happy and delighted.

The correct answer is "Straighten"

Key Points 

• The word given here is "Invert" which means to put something in an opposite position.
• Example: A birthday cap is an example of an inverted cone in shapes.
• The marked word here is "Straighten" which means to keep something in it's original position or to keep something straight'
• Example: Ram straightened the bent pipe.
• Therefore, we can clearly see that both words are exactly opposite to each other. So, these are antonyms.

Additional Information  Let us see what is the meaning of the other options:

• "Reverse" means to put something in an opposite position 
• Example: A plane mirror can reverse the direction of incident light.
• "Upset" means being in a mental state of worry.
• Example: He is upset because of his result.
• "Lean" means to put the head in backward, forward, or in side directions.
• Example: Sheela leaned across the bed to pick her comb.

The correct answer is "Regain"

Key Points

• The word given here is "Recover" which means to attain fitness again after being ill for some time.
• Example: He has recovered from his operation.
• The marked word here is "Regain" which means to attain something back again.
• Example: She regained consciousness.
• Therefore, we can clearly see that both words are exactly similar in meaning. So, these are synonyms.
• Therefore, "regain" is the answer.

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Additional Information  Let us see what is the meaning of the other options:

• "Remain" means to be in the same place. 
• Example: She remained to live in the USA after the war.
• "Refrain" means to stop yourself from doing some particular task.
• Example: Please refrain from listening to music in the office.
• "Retain" means to continue to have something.
• Example: Rubber can retain its original shape up to a certain amount of stretching.

The correct answer is "sore"

Key Points

• The most appropriate word here to fill in the blank is "sore".
• Here the sentence says "Mother's back was too ___ to work any longer, so she lay down to rest."
• Sore is the condition when our back hurts after sitting or standing in the same position for a long time.
• Example: My back is sore, and I need to go to the doctor.
• Therefore, the answer is sore.

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​ The correct sentence is: Mother's back was too sore to work any longer, so she lay down to rest.

Additional Information  

       The meaning of the other words is as follows:

• Sick means to be ill.
• Example: He has been sick since Monday.
• Sour means having a sharp taste like lemon.
• Example: The curd is sour.
• Soft means something which can be easily hurt or broken.
• Example: She is a soft-hearted person.

The correct answer is "masterpiece"

Key Points

• The most appropriate option to fill in the blank is "masterpiece".
• Masterpiece means the highest quality work of art, music, or literature.
• Since War and Peace is a Literature written by Leo Tolstoy, therefore we call it a masterpiece.
• Example: William Shakespeare had written many masterpieces.
• Therefore, the correct answer is the word masterpiece.

 

The correct sentence is: War and Peace is a masterpiece written by Leo Tolstoy.

Additional Information          Let us see the meanings of other options.

• Celebrated means a person or thing which is famous and admired.
• Example: Diwali is celebrated all over India.
• Notable means something which is too attractive to gain attention.
• Example: There should be a few notable points about the company's profile in the presentation.
• Distinguished means a person who is very important and is admired by people.
• Example: Adhik has a distinguished career as a rock star.

The correct answer is "no substitution required". 

Key Points

• "By giving so many" is grammatically correct.
• The preposition "by" is used to show how work is done.
• Example: Mike travels by bus.
• The verb "giving" is in the correct form of a tense, which is present continuous because the action is going on. 
• Example: Sera is giving massages at a nearby parlour.
• The phrase "so many" denotes the unspecific quantity. 
• Example: Martha has so many works left undone.
• As the phrase "by giving so many" justifies its usage, no substitution is required.

Additional Information

• A sentence must justify the subject-verb concord to be grammatically correct.
• The subject is the noun or pronoun about which the sentence is.
• Subject-verb concord means the subject and verb must agree in number.
• If the subject is singular, the verb should also be singular and if the subject is plural, the verb must also be plural. 
• Example: The boys want to play cricket but she wants to play basketball.