SSC GD Constable (2022) Official Paper (Held On : 11 Jan 2023 Shift 2) (Previous Year Paper)

The logic followed here is:

For, MUZHIK : KVXIGI

For, QUACKY : OVYDIW

Similarly, for ZEBECK : ?

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 3".

The logic followed here is:

For, 'CLUTCH’ is written as ‘DNXXHN',

For, 'CREDIT’ is written as ‘DTHHNZ',

Similarly, for 'WALLET'

So, 'WALLET' will be written as 'XCOPJZ'.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 2".

The logic followed here is:

So, 'NM' will replace the question mark in the given series.

Hence, the correct answer is "NM".

The correct mirror image is shown below:

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 1".

The logic followed here is:

For, 'COMBAT’ is written as ‘NPDVCD',

For, 'CREATE' is written as 'FSDGVC',

Similarly, for 'CREDIT'

So, 'CREDIT' will be written as 'FSDVKF'.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 2".

The correct order as per the dictionary is:

4. PURELY
5. PURPLE
6. PURSE
7. PURVEY
8. PUSTULE
9. PUTTER

Hence, the correct answer is "4, 3, 2, 1, 6, 5".

Given equation: 14 * 1 * 15 * 75 * 21 = 30 .

BODMAS Table: 

Let's check each option one by one.

Option 1) ÷, −, +, ×

Given: 14 * 1 * 15 * 75 * 21 = 30 

After replacing the * signs we get;

⇒ 14 ÷ 1 - 15 + 75 × 21 = 30 

⇒ 14 - 15 + 75 × 21 = 30 

⇒ 14 - 15 + 1575 = 30 

⇒ 1589 - 15 = 30 

⇒ 1574 ≠ 30

⇒ LHS ≠ RHS

Option 2) ×, ÷, +, −

Given: 14 * 1 * 15 * 75 * 21 = 30 

After replacing the * signs we get;

⇒ 14 × 1 ÷ 15 + 75 - 21 = 30 

⇒ 0.93 + 75 - 21 = 30

⇒ 75.93 – 21 = 30

⇒ 54.93 ≠ 30

⇒ LHS ≠ RHS

Option 3) −, ×, +, ÷

Given: 14 * 1 * 15 * 75 * 21 = 30 

After replacing the * signs we get;

⇒ 14 - 1 × 15 + 75 ÷ 21 = 30 

⇒ 14 - 1 × 15 + 3.58 = 30 

⇒ 14 - 15 + 3.58 = 30 

⇒ 17.58 - 15 = 30

⇒ 2.58 ≠ 30

⇒ LHS ≠ RHS

Option 4) −, ÷, ×, +

Given: 14 * 1 * 15 * 75 * 21 = 30 

After replacing the * signs we get;

⇒ 14 - 1 ÷ 15 × 75 + 21 = 30 

⇒ 14 - 5 + 21 = 30 

⇒ 35 - 5 = 30

⇒ 30 = 30

⇒ LHS = RHS

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 4".

The logic followed here is:

So, '191' will complete the series.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 2".

Given Statements:

All cans are dogs.

Some dogs are rats.

Some rats are apples.

The least possible Venn diagram for the given statement is:

Conclusions:

I. No cans are dogs - False (Because, All cans are dogs).

II. Some rats are not dogs - False (Because, Some dogs are rats and no information given about the remaining part of Rats, so it can be possible only).

III. Some apples are rats - True (Because, Some rats are apples)

So, Only conclusion III follows.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 1".

Given: Eight people, A, B, C, D, E, F, G and H are sitting in a straight line, facing north.

1. Only three people sit to the left of A.

2. B sits third to the right of A.

3. Only four people sit between B and D.

4. F sits to the immediate right of G.

5. C does not sit at any of the extreme ends of the line.

6. E sits at one of the positions to the right of H.

So, there are 'Two' people sit between H and A.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 4".

The logic followed here is:

For, DGS : PEC

 

For, NST : QQM

Similarly, for EHK : ?

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 4".

The image embedded in given figure is as shown below:

 

Hence, "Option 4" is the correct answer.

The logic followed here is:

So, 'TERB' will replace the question mark in the given series.

Hence, the correct answer is "TERB".

The logic followed here is:

Step I: The Alphabet 'C' has shifted one place up and down alternatively.

Step II: The Symbol '

 ' has shifted one place up and down alternatively.

Step III: The Alphabet 'X' is replaced with 'M' and then 'S' and shifted one place up and down alternatively.

Step IV: The Symbol '-' is replaced with Symbol '

' and then alphabet 'T' and shifted one place up and down alternatively.

So, the complete series will be:

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 3".

Family Chart:

Decoding the Symbols:

 

Given: A + B % C = D # F

It means: A is the Daughter of B, B is the Brother of C, C is the Son of D, D is the Wife of F.

Here, F is the 'Father’s father' of A.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 3".

Given equation: 54 × 8 – 48 ÷ 12 + 27 = 24.

BODMAS Table: 

Let's check each option one by one.

Option 1) – and +

Given: 54 × 8 – 48 ÷ 12 + 27 = 24

After interchanging the numbers we get;

⇒ 54 × 8 + 48 ÷ 12 - 27 = 24

⇒ 54 × 8 + 4 - 27 = 24

⇒ 432 + 4 - 27 = 24

⇒ 436 - 27 = 24

⇒ 409 ≠ 24

⇒ LHS ≠ RHS

Option 2) ÷ and –

Given: 54 × 8 – 48 ÷ 12 + 27 = 24

After interchanging the numbers we get;

⇒ 54 × 8 ÷ 48 - 12 + 27 = 24

⇒ 9 - 12 + 27 = 24

⇒ 36 - 12 = 24

⇒ 24 = 24

⇒ LHS = RHS

Option 3) + and ×

Given: 54 × 8 – 48 ÷ 12 + 27 = 24

After interchanging the numbers we get;

⇒ 54 + 8 – 48 ÷ 12 × 27 = 24

⇒ 54 + 8 – 4 × 27 = 24

⇒ 54 + 8 – 108 = 24

⇒ 62 – 108 = 24

⇒ -46 ≠ 24

⇒ LHS ≠ RHS

Option 4) + and ÷

Given: 54 × 8 – 48 ÷ 12 + 27 = 24

After interchanging the numbers we get;

⇒ 54 × 8 – 48 + 12 ÷ 27 = 24

⇒ 54 × 8 – 48 + 0.44 = 24

⇒ 432 – 48 + 0.44 = 24

⇒ 432.44 - 48 = 24

⇒ 384.44 ≠ 24

⇒ LHS ≠ RHS

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 2".

The logic followed here is:

Logic: (1st number + 3rd number) × 9 = 2nd number.

Now,

For, (6, 135, 9)

⇒ (6 + 9) × 9 = 135.

For, (13, 261, 16)

⇒ (13 + 16) × 9 = 261.

Now let's check the options:

1. (7, 216, 17) ⇒ (7 + 17) × 9 = 216 (true)
2. (9, 190, 13) ⇒ (9 + 13) × 9 = 198 ≠ 190 (false)
3. (9, 224, 19) ⇒ (9 + 19) × 9 = 252 ≠ 224 (false)
4. (11, 249, 16) ⇒ (11 + 16) × 9 = 243 ≠ 249 (false)

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 1".

The paper when unfolded will appear as shown below:

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 2".

The logic followed here is:

 

So, '221' will complete the series.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 2".

Given: Eight people are sitting in two parallel rows with 4 people each,

In Row I – 6, 7, 8 and 9 are seated and all of them are facing south.

In Row II – 1, 2, 3 and 4 are seated and all of them are facing north.

1) 3 sits at the extreme left end of their row and 2 is his immediate neighbour.

2) 9 sits next to the person at the extreme left end of their row and is exactly opposite 4. 

And, 1 will sit on the remaining place (extreme right end).

So, '1' sits at the extreme right end of the row facing North.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 4".

The correct answer is Milena Salvini.

Key Points

• Milena Salvini was an Italian-born French exponent and teacher of Indian classical dance.
• She specialized in Kathakali, a major form of classical Indian dance that originated in Kerala. Kathakali is distinguished by its elaborate costumes and makeup, as well as its detailed gestures and well-defined body movements.
• Salvini devoted her life to the propagation and promotion of Kathakali outside India. Her dedication to the art form led to greater recognition and appreciation of Kathakali in the Western world.
• In 2019, in recognition of her significant contributions to this art form, she was awarded the Padma Shri, which is the fourth-highest civilian award in India.

Additional Information

• The Padma Shri is one of the highest civilian awards in India. It is awarded by the President of India, every year on India's Republic Day, in recognition of distinguished contributions in various spheres of activity including the Arts, Education, Industry, Literature, Science, Sports, Medicine, Social Service, and Public Affairs.

The correct answer is organic fertilizer.

Key Points

• Cow dung, which is a waste product from bovine animals, is often used as manure in agriculture.
• It is typically dark brown in color and is rich in nutrients like nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, which are essential for plant growth.
• When mixed with soil, cow dung can significantly enhance the fertility and nutrient content of the soil, making it an effective organic fertilizer.
• Apart from improving soil fertility, the use of cow dung as an organic fertilizer also contributes to sustainable agriculture as it reduces the dependence on chemical fertilizers and promotes the recycling of farm waste​.

Additional Information

• The use of cow dung as an organic fertilizer is particularly prevalent in regions where traditional farming methods are still practiced.
• It is a common practice in organic farming and is considered an environmentally friendly method of waste disposal.
• Inorganic Fertilizer: Fertilizers that are manufactured synthetically from minerals, rocks, and atmospheric gases are known as inorganic fertilizers. Examples include urea and superphosphate.
• Chemical Fertilizer: Fertilizers made from artificial ingredients or synthesized in a lab are referred to as chemical fertilizers. Examples include ammonium nitrate and potassium chloride.
• Waste Product: Materials generated during manufacturing processes or left over after the consumption of a product are defined as waste products. Examples include sewage sludge and agricultural residues.

The correct answer is Bengaluru.

Key Points

• The M. Chinnaswamy Stadium is located in Bengaluru, Karnataka, which is one of the southern states in India.
• It is one of the premier cricket stadiums in India and has been the venue for many important national and international cricket matches.
• The stadium is named after M. Chinnaswamy, who served the Karnataka State Cricket Association (KSCA) for four decades and contributed significantly to the development of cricket in the state.
• With a seating capacity of around 35,000 spectators, the M. Chinnaswamy Stadium is equipped with advanced facilities and provides a world-class experience for both players and spectators​3.
• The M. Chinnaswamy Stadium is known for its high-scoring matches and is a favorite venue among batsmen. It also has state-of-the-art facilities like floodlights for day-night matches and a modern pavilion stand.

The correct answer is III.

Key Points

• Fundamental Rights
• The Fundamental Rights are enshrined in Part III of the Constitution (Articles 12-35). Part III of the Constitution is described as the Magna Carta of India.
• ‘Magna Carta’, the Charter of Rights issued by King John of England in 1215 was the first written document relating to the Fundamental Rights of citizens.
• The Fundamental Rights are justiciable because when violated the aggrieved individual can move the courts for their enforcement.
• The Supreme Court or High Courts have the power to issue directions or orders or writs for the enforcement of any of the Fundamental Rights.

 

Additional Information

• The Constitution of India provides for six Fundamental Rights
• Right to equality (Articles 14–18)
• Right to freedom (Articles 19–22)
• Right against exploitation (Articles 23–24)
• Right to freedom of religion (Articles 25–28)
• Cultural and educational rights (Articles 29–30)
• Right to constitutional remedies (Article 32)
• Originally the constitution also included the Right to property (Article 31).
• However, it was deleted from the list of Fundamental Rights by the 44th Amendment Act, 1978.
• It is made a legal right under Article 300-A in Part XII of the Constitution.
• Part IV
• Part IV (Article 36-51) of the Indian Constitution is related to Directive Principles of our State Policy.
• It is not enforceable by any court but these are fundamental in the governance of the country.
• It is the duty of the government to apply these principles in law-making.
• These principles have been taken from the Constitution of Ireland.
• Part VI
• ​The Governor of a State shall have the power to grant pardons, reprieves, respites or remissions of punishment or to suspend, remit or commute the sentence of any person convicted of any offence against any law relating to a matter to which the executive power of the State extends.
• Part IX 
• Part IX of the Indian Constitution contains provisions for the Panchayats.
• Part IX tells about a three-tier Panchayati Raj System which would be constituted in every state at the village level, intermediate level, and district level.
• 73rd  Constitutional Amendment Act added Part IX to the constitution with the title “The Panchayats” covering provisions from Article 243 to 243(O).
• Part VIII contains provisions for Union Territories.
• The fifth Schedule contains provisions for the Administration and Control of Scheduled Areas and Scheduled Tribes.
• Article 244 contains provisions for the administration of Scheduled Areas and Tribal Areas.

The correct answer is Yashoda Verma.

Key Points

• Yashoda Verma became a Member of the Legislative Assembly from Khairagarh, Chhattisgarh in India, in April 2022.
• She contested the election as a candidate of the Indian National Congress.
• The by-election was necessitated due to the death of the incumbent MLA, and Verma secured the seat with a victory margin of 20,173 votes​​.

Additional Information

• Yashoda Verma was born in the village of Devri-Bhat in the Khairagarh tehsil of Rajnandgaon district, Chhattisgarh.
• She comes from a family that has been associated with the Indian National Congress for a long time.
• Prior to becoming an MLA, Verma was involved in numerous social activities and was known for her work in the areas of women's rights and healthcare.

The correct answer is 2019.

Key Points

• Prime Minister launched Jal Jeevan Mission (JJM) on 73rd Independence Day i.e. 15 August 2019 from the ramparts of Red Fort.
• It aims at providing potable water at the service level of 55 liters per capita per day (LPCD) to every rural household through Functional Household Tap Connection (FHTC) by 2024.
• The estimated amount of Rs. 3.60 lahks Crore is proposed to be shared between the Union and State Governments. In addition, to enable individuals, trusts, foundations, and corporate and industrial houses to contribute to furthering the objective of the JJM, Rashtriya Jal Jeevan Kosh is being set up.
• It comes under Jal Shakti Ministry.​

Additional Information

• Basics about Jal Jeevan Mission (JJM): 
• The main objective of the Mission is to provide a piped water supply (Har Ghar Jal) to all rural households by 2024.
• New Ministry- Jal Shakti Mantralaya is looking after this mission to manage water resources and water supply in an integrated and holistic manner all across the country.
• It will focus on integrated demand and supply-side management of water at the local level, including the creation of local infrastructure for source sustainability like rainwater harvesting, groundwater recharge, and management of household wastewater for reuse in agriculture.
• The Jal Jeevan Mission (JJM) will converge with other Central and State Government Schemes to achieve its objectives of sustainable water supply management across the country.
• Implementing Agency: Department of Drinking Water and Sanitation under the Jal Shakti Ministry
• Funding and its pattern in JJM:
• The project is estimated to cost Rs 3.60 lakh crore, with the central and state government share of 2.08 and 1.52 lakh crore respectively.
• The percentage share of the Union government and State Government for implementation in non-Northeast and non-Himalayan states will be 50:50.
• In the case of N-E and Himalayan states, and UT with a legislature, the funding pattern will be 90:10.
• In Union Territories without a legislature, the Centre will bear the full cost of the program.

The correct answer is Diwali.

Key Points

• Diwali, also known as Divali or Deepavali, is the Hindu festival during which people in North India, and indeed across the entire country, worship Goddess Lakshmi and Lord Ganesha together​.
• Diwali falls on Amavasya (New Moon) during the month of Kartika in the Hindu calendar.
• The festival symbolizes the spiritual victory of light over darkness, good over evil, and knowledge over ignorance.
• Diwali is traditionally celebrated for five days, and it typically occurs between mid-October and mid-November, according to the Hindu lunar calendar.
• The worship of Goddess Lakshmi and Lord Ganesha is primarily conducted on the third day of the festival, which is considered the most significant day of Diwali. Goddess Lakshmi is the deity of wealth and prosperity, while Lord Ganesha is the god of new beginnings and the remover of obstacles.
• The festival is marked by feasting, giving gifts, lighting oil lamps, decorating homes, and setting off fireworks.

Additional Information

• Diwali is one of the most popular festivals in India, with millions of people across the country participating. The celebration of Diwali is characterized by the lighting of thousands of lamps, both inside and outside homes, which is why it is often referred to as the Festival of Lights.
• The lamps are lit to help the goddess Lakshmi find her way into people's homes, bringing prosperity and good luck for the coming year.

The correct answer is pipelines.

Key Points

• Pipelines are widely used as the primary means of transporting crude oil, petroleum products, and natural gas.
• They provide a safe, efficient, and cost-effective method for long-distance transportation of these resources.
• Crude oil is commonly transported from oil fields to refineries through pipelines.
• Once refined, petroleum products such as gasoline, diesel, and jet fuel are also transported via pipelines to distribution centers and storage facilities.
• Natural gas, both in its raw form and after processing, is transported through an extensive network of pipelines. These pipelines connect gas production sites to processing plants, distribution centers, and ultimately to consumers.
• Pipelines offer several advantages for transporting oil, petroleum products, and natural gas.
• They provide a continuous flow of resources, reducing the need for intermediate storage and minimizing the risk of spills associated with other modes of transport. Pipelines are also more energy-efficient compared to alternative methods such as trucking or shipping.
• While other means of transport, such as trucks and ships, can be used for short-distance transportation or when pipeline infrastructure is not available, pipelines are the primary mode for large-scale and long-distance transportation of crude oil, petroleum products, and natural gas.

The correct answer is Panama Canal.

Key Points

• The 82 km long Panama Canal, a man-made waterway, separates North and South America by joining the Atlantic and Pacific oceans.
• Among the biggest and most challenging engineering undertakings ever.
• Of the five oceanic regions of the planet, the Pacific Ocean is the largest and deepest.
• Of the five oceans in the world, the Atlantic Ocean is the second-largest. ​

Additional Information

• Egypt's Suez Canal is a man-made waterway that runs along sea level.
• A 98-kilometre-long freshwater canal in Germany is called the Kiel Canal.
• Greece has a man-made canal called the Corinth Canal.

The correct answer is Sonal Mansingh.

Key Points

• Indian classical dancer Sonal Mansingh is a Bharatanatyam and Odissi dancing style guru.
• After her arangetram in Mumbai in 1962, Sonal Mansingh began her dance career. In 1977, she launched the Centre for Indian Classical Dances (CICD) in New Delhi.
• She has also received the President of India's nomination to serve as a Rajya Sabha member.
• She received numerous awards, including the Padma Bhushan (1992), Sangeet Natak Akademi Award in 1987, and the Padma Vibhushan, India's second-highest civilian award, in 2003, making her the second woman dancer in India to receive such an honour after Balasaraswati.

Additional Information

• Mallika Sarabhai:
• Famous Kuchipudi and Bharatnatyam dancer Mallika Sarabhai hails from Ahmedabad, Gujarat. Vikram Sarabhai, a well-known space physicist, and Mrinalini Sarabhai, a well-known dancer, are her parents.
• Yamini Krishnamurthy:
• ​Indian dancer Yamini Krishnamurthy specializes in Kuchipudi and Bharatanatyam.
  

She holds the honor of being the Tirumala Tirupati Devasthanam's Asthana Nartaki (resident dancer). She was also referred to as the "torch bearer" of the Kuchipudi dancing style.

• Shovana Narayan:
• Indian Kathak dancer Shovana Narayan is also a career officer for the Indian Audit and Accounts Service. She has received the Padma Shri and performs both domestically and abroad. Birju Maharaj served as her trainer.​

The Correct Answer is Panchayats.

Key Points Under Article-243 Definitions.-

• In this section, unless the context requires otherwise,-
• (a) 'District' shall mean a district within a State;
• (b) 'Gram Sabha' means an agency composed of persons registered in the electoral rolls relating to a village within the Panchayat district at the level of the village;
• (c) 'Intermediate level' means the intermediate level between the level of the village and the level of the district defined by the Governor of a State for the purposes of this Part by public notification;
• (d) 'Panchayat' means, for rural areas, an agency (by whatever name) of self-government, constituted under Article 243B;
• (e) 'Panchayat area' means the Panchayat territorial area;
• (f) 'Population' means the population of which the related figures have been published, as determined in the last preceding census;
• (g) 'Village' means a village appointed by the Governor to be a village for the purposes of this Part by public notice and includes a collection of villages so designated.
• Article-243A. Gram Sabha - A Gram Sabha can exercise such powers and perform such functions at the level of the village as may be provided for by law by the legislature of a State.
• Under Article-243B. Constitution of the Panchayats.-
• (1) Panchayats at the village, intermediate, and district level shall be constituted in each State, in accordance with the provisions of this Section.
• (2) Despite any of the provisions of clause (1), the intermediate Panchayats may not be constituted in a State with a population not exceeding twenty lakhs.
• In Article-243D. Seat reservation.
• Under Article-243O. Bar to judicial interference in electoral issues.

The correct answer is a Badminton.

Key Points

• Lakshya Sen
• He hails from Almora in Uttarakhand.
• He is an Indian badminton player.
• He won gold medals at the 2018 Asian Junior Championships in the boys' singles and at the Summer Youth Olympics in the mixed team event.
• He won the bronze medal at the 2021 World Championships.
• He also won the gold medal at the 2022 Commonwealth Games.
• He was bestowed with Arjuna Award for badminton in November 2022.

Additional Information

The correct answer is eating disorder.

Key Points

• Bulimia Nervosa, often referred to as simply bulimia, is an eating disorder characterized by periods of binge eating followed by attempts to purge the body of the consumed food. This may be done by inducing vomiting or taking laxatives, with the intent to expel the body of the calories consumed during the binge-eating phase​.
• Binge eating refers to consuming a large amount of food in a short period of time. Following a binge, an individual with bulimia may engage in fasting, excessive exercise, or the use of diuretics or stimulants to compensate for the binge and to lose weight. Despite these behaviors, most individuals with bulimia maintain a normal weight​.
• Bulimia is frequently associated with other mental health disorders such as depression, anxiety, borderline personality disorder, and bipolar disorder. There is also a higher risk of self-harm and suicide among individuals with bulimia​​.
• The disorder is more common among individuals who have a close relative with the condition, suggesting a genetic component. Other risk factors include psychological stress, cultural pressure to attain a certain body type, poor self-esteem, and obesity. Living in a culture that promotes dieting or having parental figures who focus on weight can also contribute to the development of bulimia​1​.
• Diagnosis of bulimia is based on a person's medical history, which can be challenging as individuals with this disorder often keep their binge eating and purging habits secret. Other disorders with similar symptoms include anorexia nervosa, binge eating disorder, Kleine–Levin syndrome, and borderline personality disorder​1​.
• Bulimia often involves rapid and out-of-control eating, which may stop when the person is interrupted or when the stomach hurts due to over-extension. This cycle may be repeated several times a week or, in severe cases, several times a day. Possible direct health consequences include chronic gastric reflux, dehydration and hypokalemia due to renal potassium loss, electrolyte imbalance leading to abnormal heart rhythms or even death, esophagitis, and oral trauma​.
• Additional physical signs of bulimia include Russell's sign (calluses on the knuckles and back of hands due to repeated trauma from inducing vomiting) and perimolysis, or severe dental erosion due to frequent vomiting​​.

Additional Information

• Bulimia Nervosa is a serious mental health disorder that requires professional treatment.
• Therapies may include cognitive-behavioral therapy, medication, and nutritional counseling.

The correct answer is Handicraft.

Key Points

• India has a rich tradition of handicrafts, which includes a wide range of crafts and artistic traditions.
• Handicrafts in India are known for their exquisite craftsmanship, intricate designs, and cultural significance.
• Various forms of handicrafts in India include pottery, textiles, jewelry, woodwork, metalwork, stone carving, painting, and many others.
• Each region of India has its own unique style and techniques when it comes to handicraft production.
• Indian handicrafts have been highly sought after both within the country and globally.
• They represent the rich cultural heritage of India and showcase the skills and creativity of Indian artisans.
• Before India's independence, handicrafts played a significant role in the country's economy. Many artisans and craftsmen relied on their skills to earn a living and support their communities.
• Handicrafts were not only a means of livelihood but also a way to preserve and pass on traditional art forms and techniques from one generation to another.
• Even today, Indian handicrafts continue to be appreciated worldwide for their beauty, craftsmanship, and cultural value.
• They contribute to India's cultural tourism and export industry, promoting the country's heritage and supporting local artisans.

Additional Information

• India also had a strong reputation for its Spice industry.
• India has been a major producer and exporter of various spices, which are highly valued for their quality, aroma, and medicinal properties.
• Spices such as pepper, cardamom, turmeric, and ginger have been synonymous with Indian cuisine and have played a crucial role in international trade and exploration throughout history.

The correct answer is  NSSO (National Sample Survey Office).

Key Points

• The National Sample Survey Office (NSSO) is the organization responsible for conducting sample surveys in India, including those used for calculating the poverty line.
• The NSSO operates under the Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation of the Government of India. It is one of the largest organizations in India conducting sample surveys on various socio-economic aspects of the country.
• The NSSO conducts regular household surveys to collect data on various socio-economic indicators, including income, expenditure, employment, and poverty. These surveys involve sampling households across different regions of the country to gather representative data.
• The poverty line in India is determined based on the data collected through these sample surveys conducted by the NSSO.
• The poverty line is an important benchmark used to assess the extent of poverty and to formulate policies and programs for poverty alleviation in the country.

Additional Information

• It's worth mentioning that the Central Statistics Office (CSO), another organization under the Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation, is also involved in the compilation and analysis of various statistical data, including national income, economic growth, and other economic indicators. However, when it comes to calculating the poverty line, the primary responsibility lies with the NSSO.
• The Ministry of Finance and the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) are not directly involved in conducting sample surveys for calculating the poverty line. However, they may use the data and analysis provided by organizations like the NSSO and CSO for policymaking and economic planning purposes.

The correct answer is Dinkar Gupta.

Key Points

• Dinkar Gupta was appointed as the new Director-General of the National Investigation Agency (NIA).
• Dinkar Gupta, a 1987-batch IPS officer is also a former DGP of Punjab state.
• Gupta will hold the post of NIA chief till March 31, 2024, that is the date of his retirement or till further orders, whichever comes earlier.
• He has also held the post of Director General of Police, Intelligence, Punjab, which involved the direct supervision of the Punjab State Intelligence Wing, State Anti-Terrorist Squad (ATS) and Organized Crime Control Unit (OCCU).
• National Investigation Agency (NIA) is an anti-terror probe agency formed after the 26/11 attack in Mumbai.
• Director-General of CRPF Kuldeep Singh was given additional charge of the NIA in May last year after the retirement of Y.C. Modi.
• Gupta was decorated with two police gallantry medals in 1992 and 1994.
• He was also decorated with the Police Medal for Meritorious Services by the President and the Presidents Police Medal for Distinguished Service (2010).

Additional Information

• The National Investigation Agency (NIA) is a federal agency of the Government of India that was established in 2009.
• It is responsible for the investigation and prosecution of offenses that fall under specific laws, primarily related to terrorism, insurgency, and matters affecting the sovereignty, integrity, and security of India.
• The primary mandate of the NIA includes:
• Investigation and prosecution of offenses related to terrorism, terrorist financing, and activities aimed at disrupting the security and sovereignty of India.
• Coordination and sharing of intelligence with state police forces and other agencies involved in counterterrorism efforts.
• Assisting and providing support to states in conducting investigations related to terrorism and certain specified crimes across state borders.
• Conducting special courts for the trial of offenses under its jurisdiction.

The correct answer is 2.4

Key Points

• India accounts for about 2.4 percent of the total surface area of the world.
• India has an area of 32,87,263 sq. km making it the seventh-largest country of the world.
• The east to west width from the Rann of Kutch to Arunachal Pradesh is 2,933 km.
• The north to south extent of India from Indira Col in Kashmir to Kanyakumari is 3,214 km.
• The southernmost point of the country is the Pygmalion Point or Indira Point located at 6 deg. 45 inches North latitude.
• The Tropic of Cancer passes through the middle of the country dividing it into two latitudinal halves.

Additional Information

• The countries that are larger than India are as follows- 
• Russia
• Canada
• China
• U.S.A.
• Brazil
• Australia

The correct answer is Xuan Zang.

Key Points 

• Hiuen Tsang or Xuan Zang was a Chinese buddhist monk who travelled over land from China to India during the reign of king Harshavardhana to obtain Buddhist scriptures.
• Xuan Zang also visited the court of the king Harshavardhana and wrote about his experiences.
• He described Harsha's court, his life and left a detailed account of what he saw.
• He wrote about the economic, social life and religious sects of that period.
• He also mentioned about the revenue system during Harshavardhana's reign.
• Xuan Zang is also known as the prince of pilgrims because he visited significant pilgrims centres associated with the life of Buddha.

Additional Information

• FaXian was a Chinese Buddhist pilgrim who came to India during the rule of Chandragupta II.
• I Qing was a Chinese traveller who came to India about 50 years after Xuan Zang's visit. He came to India to visit places associated with the life of the Buddha.
• Sung Yun, a Chinese Buddhist monk visited the north-western part of India in the year 518 AD in search of Buddhist texts. He was sent by the Buddhist Empress Hu.

The correct answer is 1853.

Key Points

• Jhansi was an independent princely state ruled by the Maratha Newalkar dynasty under the suzerainty of British India from 1804 to 1853 when the Britishers took over the state under the terms of the Doctrine of Lapse.
• Before that, Jhansi was under the Peshwas from 1728 to 1804.
• Jhansi fell to the Marathas in 1732 and was acquired by the British in 1853.
• A massacre of British officers and civilians occurred at Jhansi during the Indian Mutiny (1857-58).
• In 1886, Jhansi came under British rule in exchange for the British execution of Gwalior.

Additional Information

• The doctrine of Lapse was an annexation policy adopted by the British In India.
• It was devised by Lord Dalhousie, the governor-general of India from 1848 to 1856.
• The doctrine declared that if any Indian ruler died without a male heir, his kingdom would lapse.
• It meant that his kingdom would become part of the Company's territory.
• Kingdoms were annexed one after the other by simply applying the policy.
• States Annexed by Doctrine of Lapse:
• Satara- 1848
• Jaitpur- 1849
• Sambalpur- 1849
• Baghat- 1850
• Udaipur- 1852
• Jhansi- 1853
• Nagpur- 1854

The correct answer is Copper.

Key Points

• When a copper vessel is exposed to moist air for a long time, it undergoes a chemical reaction with oxygen and moisture in the air, leading to the formation of a green coating called copper oxide.
• This green coating, known as patina, is a natural corrosion product that forms on the surface of copper due to oxidation.
• The formation of the green coating is a protective process that helps prevent further corrosion of the copper. It acts as a barrier between the copper surface and the surrounding air, protecting the underlying copper from further oxidation.

Additional Information

• Copper is a highly corrosion-resistant metal, which makes it suitable for various applications, including plumbing, electrical wiring, and the production of cookware and decorative items.
• The green patina formed on copper objects is often considered aesthetically pleasing and is valued for its unique appearance. It is commonly seen on copper roofs, statues, and other copper objects exposed to the environment over time.

Given: 

radius r = 14 cm and π = 22/7,

Formula Used:

CSA = 4πr²

Calculation:

⇒ 4 × (22/7) × (14)²

⇒ 4 × (22/7) × 196

⇒ 4 × 22 × 28

⇒  2464 cm²

∴ The curved surface area of the sphere is 2464 cm².

Shortcut Trick

Effective rate for Annual Compounding (10% for 2 years) = 10 + 10 + (10 × 10)/100 = 21%.

Effective rate for Semi-annual Compounding (5% for 4 periods) = 10.25 + 10.25 + (10.25 × 10.25)/100 = 21.550625%.

Difference in interest rates = 21.550625% − 21% = 0.550625%.

Savings = 0.550625% of ₹2,20,000 = (0.550625/100) × 2,20,000 = ₹1,211.375.

Rounding to one decimal place, the savings would be ₹1,211.40.

∴ The correct answer is ₹1211.40.

Alternate Method

Given:

Principal (P) = ₹2,20,000

Annual Rate (R) = 10%

Time (T) = 2 years

Formula Used: Amount (A) = P(1 + r/100)ⁿ

Step 1: Interest Compounded Annually

⇒ Amount₁ = 2,20,000 × (1 + 10/100)²

⇒ Amount₁ = 2,20,000 × (1.1) × (1.1) = 2,20,000 × 1.21 = ₹2,66,200

Step 2: Interest Compounded Semi-annually

⇒ Rate for 6 months = 10%/2 = 5%

⇒ Number of periods (n) = 2 × 2 = 4

⇒ Amount₂ = 2,20,000 × (1 + 5/100)⁴

⇒ Amount₂ = 2,20,000 × (1.05)⁴ = 2,20,000 × 1.21550625 = ₹2,67,411.375

Step 3: Difference (Savings)

⇒ Savings = Amount₂ − Amount₁

⇒ Savings = 2,67,411.375 − 2,66,200 = ₹1,211.375

⇒ Rounded to one decimal place = ₹1,211.40

∴ The correct answer is ₹1211.40.

Additional Information

Effective Rate of Interest

When interest is compounded k times a year at an annual rate r, the effective annual rate is (1 + r/k)^k − 1.

Compound Interest vs. Simple Interest

For the first year, CI and SI are equal if compounded annually. From the second year onwards, CI > SI because interest is calculated on the accumulated amount.

Difference for 2 Years (SI & CI)

The difference between CI and SI for 2 years is given by the formula P(R/100)².

Compounding Frequency

As the frequency of compounding increases (e.g., quarterly, monthly, daily), the total interest earned or charged also increases.

Given:

Numbers 8, 16, 20, 32

Concept/Formula Used:

Least Common Multiple (LCM) is the smallest number that is a multiple of each of the given numbers.

Calculation:

LCM(8, 16, 20, 32) = 160.

Therefore, the smallest number divisible by 8, 16, 20, and 32 is 160.

Given:

Length of train 1 = 140 m

Length of train 2 = 160 m

Speed of train 1 = 40 km/h

Speed of train 2 = 50 km/h

Concept/Formula Used:

Time = Distance / Speed,

where time is how long it takes for the trains to pass each other,

distance is the total length of the trains, and speed is their relative speed.

Calculation:

Total distance = 140 m + 160 m = 300 m = 0.3 km.

Relative speed = 40 km/h + 50 km/h = 90 km/h.

Time = 0.3 km / 90 km/h = 0.00333 hours = 12 seconds.

Therefore, the trains will be clear of each other in 12 seconds from the moment they meet.

Given:

40 – [20 – {14 – (16 – 6 × 4 – 2)}]

Concept/Formula Used:

Calculation:

⇒ 40 – [20 – {14 – (16 – 24 – 2)}]

⇒ 40 – [20 – {14 – (-10)}]

⇒ 40 – [20 - 24] = 40 – [-4]

⇒ 40 + 4 = 44.

Therefore, the value of the given expression is 44.

Given:

Previous year attendance = 5640

Current year attendance = 3820

Concept/Formula Used:

Percent Change = [(New Value - Old Value) / Old Value] × 100,

where New Value is the current year's attendance and Old Value is the previous year's attendance.

Calculation:

Percent Change = [(3820 - 5640) / 5640] * 100 = -32.26%.

Therefore, the percent decrease in attendance from last year to this year is 32.26%.

Given:

List price = Rs 300

Discount = 20%

Desired selling price = Rs 216

Concept/Formula Used:

Selling Price = List Price - Discount, where Selling Price is the final price after discount,

List Price is the original price,

and Discount is the percentage reduced from the List Price.

Calculation:

Calculate the selling price after the initial discount:

⇒ SP1 = P × (1 - d1)

⇒ SP1 = Rs. 300 × (1 - 0.20)

⇒ SP1 = Rs. 240

Determine the additional discount (d2) needed to reach the desired selling price:

The additional discount is on the discounted price (SP1), so:

⇒ SP = SP1 × (1 - d2)

⇒ Rs. 216 = Rs. 240 × (1 - d2)

⇒ d2 = 1 - Rs. 216/Rs. 240

⇒ d2 = 1 - 0.9

⇒ d2 = 0.10

Therefore, an additional discount of 10% (or 0.10 in decimal form) must be offered to bring the selling price to Rs. 216.

Given:

Weight of liquid = 12 kg for 3 liters

Concept/Formula Used:

Direct proportion states that two quantities which are related in such a way that

change in one quantity will cause a change in the other quantity.

Calculation:

1 liter weighs 12 / 3 = 4 kg.

So, 4 liters will weigh 4 × 4 = 16 kg.

Therefore, the weight of the liquid with volume 4 liters will be 16 kg.

Shortcut Trick

The tenth person spent ₹9 more than the average expenditure of the group.

This excess of ₹9 is shared among the remaining 9 persons to balance the average.

Increase in each person's share = 9 ÷ 9 = ₹1.

Average expenditure of all 10 persons = 15 + 1 = ₹16.

Total amount spent = Average × Total persons = 16 × 10 = ₹160.

∴ The correct answer is ₹160.

Alternate Method

Given:

Expenditure of 9 persons = ₹15 each

Expenditure of the 10th person = (Average + ₹9)

Formula Used:

Total Expenditure = Average × Number of persons

Calculations:

Let the average expenditure of all 10 persons be ₹x.

⇒ Total expenditure of all 10 persons = 10x

⇒ Total expenditure = (Expenditure of 9 persons) + (Expenditure of 10th person)

⇒ 10x = (9 × 15) + (x + 9)

⇒ 10x = 135 + x + 9

⇒ 10x − x = 144

⇒ 9x = 144

⇒ x = 144 ÷ 9

⇒ x = 16

⇒ Total amount spent = 10 × 16 = 160

∴ The correct answer is ₹160.

Additional Information

Basic Average Formula

Average = (Sum of all observations) ÷ (Total number of observations). This is the fundamental basis for all average-related problems.

The Concept of Deviation

When one member of a group spends more than the average, the surplus is distributed among the other members to calculate the increase in the initial average.

Net Change in Average

If a new person joins and spends more than the current average, the new average will be higher. If they spend less, the new average will decrease.

Given:

Selling price for Arun = Rs. 1,12,500

Profit for Sanchit = 25%

Profit for Raman = 20%

Concept/Formula Used:

If an item is sold at a profit of p%,

then the cost price can be calculated as Selling Price / (1 + p/100).

Calculation:

Cost price for Sanchit = 112500 / (1 + 25/100) = ₹90000.

Cost price for Raman = 90000 / (1 + 20/100) = ₹75000.

Therefore, Raman paid ₹75000 to buy the laptop.

Given:

Distance = 60 km

Bus stops for 10 minutes

Bus is 20% faster than bike

Concept/Formula Used:

Speed = Distance / Time

Calculation:

Let the speed of the bike be 's' km/h

Then, the speed of the bus = 120% of 's' = 1.2s km/h

Stoppage time of bus = 10 minutes = 1/6 hrs.

Time taken by bike = 60/s hrs

Time taken by bus = 60/1.2s hrs

∵ Both bike & bus reach their destination at the same time, the time taken by the bike = the time taken by the bus(including stoppage time) 

⇒ 60/s = 60/1.2s + (1/6)

⇒ 60/s = 60/1.2s + (1/6)

⇒ 60/s - 60/1.2s = 1/6

⇒ 60[1/s - 1/1.2s] = 1/6

⇒ 60(0.2/1.2s) =1/6

⇒ 60(1/6s) = 1/6 ⇒ 60 = s

Therefore, the speed of the bike is 60 km/h.

Given:

Sold items = 55 toffees

Profit = 11 toffees

Concept/Formula Used:

Profit Percentage = (Profit / Cost Price) × 100

Calculation:

Cost price of toffees = Sold items - Profit = 55 - 11 = 44 toffees.

Profit Percentage = (11 / 44) × 100 = 25%

Therefore, the shopkeeper earns a profit of 25%

Given:

A can complete work in 72 days

B can complete work in 90 days

They work together for 30 days

Concept/Formula Used:

Work done = Rate * Time,

where rate is the amount of work one can do in one day.

Calculation:

Let's define the rates of A and B (i.e., the fraction of the work they complete in one day):

⇒ A's rate = 1/72 (work/day)

⇒ B's rate = 1/90 (work/day)

Combined, they can do (1/72 + 1/90) of the work in a day:

⇒ Combined rate = 1/72 + 1/90 = (90 + 72) / (72 × 90) = 162/6480 = 1/40 (work/day)

In 30 days, they will complete 30 × (1/40) of the work:

⇒ Work completed together = 30 × (1/40) = 30/40 = 3/4 of the work

This leaves (1 - 3/4) = 1/4 of the work to be done by A alone.

To find out how many days A will take to finish the remaining work, we divide the remaining work by A's rate:

⇒ Remaining days = remaining work / A's rate = (1/4) / (1/72) = 18 days

Therefore, A will take 18 more days to finish the remaining work.

Shortcut Trick When the sum of successive discounts is constant (25+5 = 30, 20+10 = 30, 15+15 = 30), the discount is maximum when the difference between the two values is maximum. Difference in First offer: |25 − 5| = 20 Difference in Second offer: |20 − 10| = 10 Difference in Third offer: |15 − 15| = 0 Since the difference is maximum in the First offer, it provides the highest discount for the customer. ∴ The correct answer is First offer. Alternate Method Given: Offer 1: 25% and 5% | Offer 2: 20% and 10% | Offer 3: 15% and 15% Formula for equivalent single discount of two successive discounts a% and b% = [a + b − (a × b)/100]%

⇒ Equivalent Discount for First offer = 25 + 5 − (25 × 5)/100 = 30 − 1.25 = 28.75% ⇒ Equivalent Discount for Second offer = 20 + 10 − (20 × 10)/100 = 30 − 2 = 28.00% ⇒ Equivalent Discount for Third offer = 15 + 15 − (15 × 15)/100 = 30 − 2.25 = 27.75% ⇒ Comparing the three values: 28.75% > 28.00% > 27.75% ∴ The correct answer is First offer. Additional Information Successive Discount Formula For two successive discounts x% and y%, the net discount is (x + y − xy/100)%. For three discounts, calculate the first two and then apply the result with the third one. Customer vs Retailer Perspective The best offer for a customer is the one with the highest net discount percentage, whereas the best offer for a retailer is the one with the lowest net discount percentage. Relationship with Product of Discounts When the sum (x+y) is constant, the discount is maximum when the product (xy) is minimum. In this question, 25 × 5 = 125 is the minimum product compared to 200 and 225.

Given:

A can do work in 20 days

B can do work in 24 days

Concept/Formula Used:

Combined work rate = Work rate of A + Work rate of B.

Calculation:

Let's define the rates of A and B (i.e., the fraction of the work they complete in one day):

⇒ A's rate = 1/20 (work/day)

⇒ B's rate = 1/24 (work/day)

Combined, they can do (1/20 + 1/24) of the work in a day:

⇒ Combined rate = 1/20 + 1/24 = (1.2 + 1) / 24 = 2.2/24 = 11/120 (work/day)

To find out how many days it will take them to complete the work together, we divide the total work by their combined rate:

⇒ Days to complete work together = Total work / Combined rate = 1 / (11/120) = 120/11 = $\rm 10\frac{10}{11}$ days

Therefore, if A and B work together, they will take $\rm 10\frac{10}{11}$ days to finish the work.

Shortcut Trick

Since x is directly proportional to y, the ratio x/y remains constant.

Ratio 1 = 10/8 = 5/4

For y = 36, x = 36 × (5/4)

x = 9 × 5 = 45

∴ The correct answer is 45.

Alternate Method

Given:

Initial value of x (x₁) = 10

Initial value of y (y₁) = 8

Final value of y (y₂) = 36

Formula Used:

In direct proportion, x = k × y, where k is the proportionality constant.

⇒ x₁/y₁ = x₂/y₂

Calculations:

⇒ 10 / 8 = x / 36

⇒ x = (10 / 8) × 36

⇒ x = 1.25 × 36

⇒ x = 45

∴ The correct answer is 45.

Additional Information

Direct Proportion

Two quantities x and y are in direct proportion if an increase in x leads to a proportional increase in y. Formula: x/y = k.

Inverse Proportion

Two quantities x and y are in inverse proportion if an increase in x leads to a proportional decrease in y. Formula: x × y = k.

Proportionality Constant

The constant k represents the rate of change or the ratio between the variables in any given state.

Shortcut Trick

Two successive increases of 30% result in a net increase of 30 + 30 + (30 × 30) / 100 = 69%.

Let the original number be 100, which means the final increased number becomes 169.

To restore the original number, we must reduce 169 by 69.

Required percentage reduction = (69 / 169) × 100 = 40.82%.

∴ The correct answer is 40.82%.

Alternate Method

Given:

⇒ First increase = 30%

⇒ Second increase = 30%

Formula Used:

⇒ Effective percentage increase = x + y + (x × y) / 100

⇒ Percentage reduction = (Decrease in value / Increased value) × 100

Calculations:

⇒ Effective increase = 30 + 30 + (30 × 30) / 100 = 69%

⇒ Let the original number be 100.

⇒ The increased number = 100 + 69 = 169.

⇒ To get back to the original number, required reduction = 169 − 100 = 69.

⇒ Required percentage reduction = (69 / 169) × 100

⇒ Required percentage reduction = 6900 / 169 ≈ 40.82%

∴ The correct answer is 40.82%.

Additional Information

Successive Percentage Change

When a value experiences two successive percentage changes of a% and b%, the effective overall change is calculated using the formula: Net Change = a + b + (a × b) / 100. This is useful for sequential profit, discounts, or population changes.

Reversal of Percentage Change

If a quantity is increased by x%, restoring it to its original value requires a percentage reduction of (x ÷ (100 + x)) × 100%. In this case, with a 69% overall increase, the required reduction is (69 ÷ 169) × 100%.

Base Value Concept in Percentages

Percentages are strictly relative to a defined base value. Moving from 100 to 169 uses 100 as the base (69% increase). Reversing from 169 to 100 uses 169 as the new base, resulting in a significantly lower percentage figure despite identical absolute changes.

Given:

Principal amount = ₹10,500

Time period = 2 years

Interest rate for first year = 10%

Interest rate for second year = 12%

Concept/Formula Used:

Compound Interest formula is A = P(1 + r/n)^(nt),

where A is the amount of money accumulated after n years,

including interest, P is the principal amount, r is the annual interest rate,

and n is the number of times that interest is compounded per year.

Calculation:

Amount after first year = 10500 × (1 + 10/100) = ₹11550.

Amount after second year = 11550 × (1 + 12/100) = ₹12936.

Therefore, ₹10,500 deposited 2 years ago will amount to ₹12,936

Given:

Cost of pulses: Rs. 80 per kg and Rs. 95 per kg

Mixing ratio = 2:3

Concept/Formula Used:

Average cost = (Cost1Quantity1 + Cost2Quantity2) / Total Quantity.

Calculation:

Calculate the total cost of each type of pulse for the given ratio.

Since the ratio is 2:3, let's assume 2 kg of Pulse A and 3 kg of Pulse B are mixed:

⇒ Total cost of 2 kg Pulse A = 2 × Rs. 80 = Rs. 160

⇒ Total cost of 3 kg Pulse B = 3 × Rs. 95 = Rs. 285

Calculate the total cost of the mixture:

⇒ Total cost = cost of Pulse A + cost of Pulse B = Rs. 160 + Rs. 285 = Rs. 445

Calculate the total weight of the mixture:

⇒ Total weight = weight of Pulse A + weight of Pulse B = 2 kg + 3 kg = 5 kg

Calculate the average cost per kg of the mixture:

⇒ Average cost = Total cost / Total weight = Rs. 445 / 5 kg = Rs. 89 per kg

Therefore, the average cost of the mixture is Rs. 89 per kg.

Given:

Longest diagonal of a cube = sqrt(432) cm

Concept/Formula Used:

The formula for the longest diagonal of a cube is d = a × sqrt(3),

where a is the side length, and the volume of a cube is V = a³.

Calculation:

Side of the cube, a = √(432) / √(3) = √(144) = 12 cm.

Volume of the cube = a³ = 12³ = 1728 cm³

Therefore, the volume of the cube is 1728 cubic cm.

The correct answer is 'Lonelyness'.

Key Points

• The incorrectly spelled word here is "Lonelyness".
• The correct spelling is "Loneliness".
• Loneliness is the feeling of sadness because one has no friends or company.(अकेलापन)

Therefore, the correct answer is: 'Lonelyness'.

Additional Information

• Let's explain all the words:
• "Efficient" (correctly spelled) refers to achieving maximum productivity with minimum wasted effort or expense(कुशल)
• "Compassion" (correctly spelled) is sympathetic pity and concern for the sufferings or misfortunes of others.(दया)
• "Mortality" (correctly spelled) refers to the state of being subject to death. It often used to discuss the death rate, or the number of deaths in a certain group of people in a certain period of time.(मृत्यु दर)

The correct answer is 'Option 1' i.e. 'Unbiased'.

Key Points

• The most appropriate synonym for the underlined word "fair" in this context is "Unbiased".
• In this context, "fair" is referring to a decision that is just, impartial, or free from bias.
• Therefore, "Unbiased" which means not prejudiced towards or against any particular side or party(निष्पक्ष) is the most suitable synonym.

Therefore, the correct answer is: 'Unbiased'.

Additional Information

• Let's break down the other words:
• "Hollow" typically refers to something that is empty on the inside or lacking in real value or significance. (खोखला)
• "Effective" generally refers to something successful in producing a desired or intended result. (प्रभावी)
• "Drowsy" refers to feeling sleepy or lethargic, which is not related to the context of a 'fair' decision.(निद्रालु)

The correct answer is 'Option 4'.

Key Points

• The most appropriate option to substitute the underlined segment "a global tracker" in the given sentence is "a substantial contributor".
• The sentence is talking about how the tourism sector has grown due to increased international travel.
• The phrase that fits best in the context of the sentence is "a substantial contributor", which means that the tourism sector has become a significant part of the global economy.

Therefore, the correct sentence is: 'Due to increased international travel, the tourism sector has grown to be a substantial contributor to the global economy.'

Additional Information

• Let's break down the other options:
• "A complementary distributor" - This phrase suggests that the tourism sector distributes something that complements the global economy. This doesn't quite capture the intended meaning of the original sentence, which is about the tourism sector's economic contribution.
• "A major importer" - This phrase suggests that the tourism sector imports a lot of goods or services, which is not the primary role of tourism. Tourism is more about providing services than importing them.
• "A worthless trade" - This phrase is negative and suggests that the tourism sector has no value, which contradicts the sentence's intent to highlight the sector's growth and importance to the global economy.

The correct answer is 'Option 1'.

Key Points

• The segment that contains a grammatical error is "I will having a conference with".
• The phrase "I will having" is grammatically incorrect because it combines "will", which is used to form the future tense, directly with the present participle "having".
• The auxiliary verb "be" is needed in between them to construct the future continuous tense correctly.
• The correct future tense structure in English for planned events uses "will be" followed by the "-ing" form of the verb.

Therefore, the correct sentence is: 'This day next year I will be having a conference with the international board discussing the environment.'

The correct answer is 'Option 4'.

Key Points

• The most appropriate meaning of the idiom "In dire straits" is "Very bad situation".
• The idiom "in dire straits" is used to describe a very difficult, troubled, or dangerous situation, often one caused by a lack of resources or funds.
• "Very bad situation" - It aligns with the meaning of "in dire straits", referring to a situation of extreme difficulty or danger.(बहुत खराब स्थिति)

Therefore, the correct answer is: 'Very bad situation'.

Additional Information

• Let's break down the other options:
• "Crumble under autocracy" - This phrase suggests a situation where a system or organization falls apart under autocratic rule. It doesn't quite fit with the idiom "in dire straits", which doesn't specify the cause of the difficulty.(तानाशाही के तहत टूटना)
• "Eliminate doubts and fears" - This phrase suggests getting rid of uncertainties and worries. This does not match the meaning of "in dire straits", which implies a very difficult situation rather than the resolution of one.(संदेह और डर को दूर करना)
• "Futuristic hope" - This phrase suggests optimism or hope for the future. This is the opposite of being "in dire straits", which implies a current state of severe difficulty or danger.(भविष्य की आशा)

The correct answer is 'Option 3' i.e. 'Sleepy'.

Key Points

• The most appropriate synonym for the word "Drowsy" is "Sleepy".
• "Drowsy" means feeling sleepy or lethargic.
• It's typically used to describe a state of being where one might have difficulty staying awake.
• "Sleepy" - Refer to a state of wanting to sleep.(निद्रालु)

Therefore, the correct answer is: 'Sleepy'.

Additional Information

• Let's break down the other options:
• "Stimulant" - This is a substance that raises levels of physiological or nervous activity in the body.(उत्तेजक)
• "Restive" - This means being unable to keep still or silent and becoming increasingly difficult to control, especially because of impatience, dissatisfaction, or boredom. (बेचैन)
• "Active" - This refers to being engaged in action or marked by energetic activity.(सक्रिय)

The correct answer is 'Option 2' i.e. 'Herculean effort'.

Key Points

• The most appropriate idiom to substitute the italicized phrase "a difficult task" in the given sentence is "Herculean effort".
• The phrase "Herculean effort" is an idiom used to describe a task that is incredibly difficult, requiring great strength or effort.
• This phrase originates from the Greek myth of Hercules, who was known for his great strength and for performing twelve difficult tasks, known as the twelve labors of Hercules.

Therefore, the correct answer is: 'Herculean effort'.

Additional Information

• Let's break down the other options:
• "Seeing pink elephants" - This idiom is typically used to refer to a hallucination caused by drunkenness or the use of narcotics, which does not fit in this context.
• "Kangaroo court" - This idiom is typically used to refer to a court that ignores recognized standards of law or justice, or a court that carries little or no official standing in government. This does not fit the context of the sentence.
• "The heels of Achilles" - This phrase refers to a weakness or vulnerable point, which doesn't make sense in this context. It's derived from the Greek myth of Achilles, who was invulnerable except for his heel. In this context, there's no mention of a vulnerability or weak point.

The correct answer is 'Option 1' i.e. 'Sapience'.

Key Points

• The most appropriate antonym for the word "Fatuity" is "Sapience".
• "Fatuity" refers to foolishness or stupidity. It's derived from the adjective "fatuous", which means silly and pointless.
• "Sapience" - Sapience refers to deep wisdom or knowledge, the opposite of foolishness or stupidity.(बुद्धिमत्ता)

Therefore, the correct answer is: 'Sapience'.

Additional Information

• Let's break down the other options:
• "Folly" - foolishness or a lack of good sense(मूर्खता)
• "Obey" - This word means to follow the orders, rules, or instructions of someone or something. (आज्ञा पालन करना)
• "Disregard" - This term refers to paying no attention to something or ignoring it.(अवहेलना)

The correct answer is 'Option 2' i.e. 'Obtain'.

Key Points

• The most appropriate synonym for the word "Procure" to fill in the blank in the sentence is "Obtain".
• "Procure" means to obtain something, especially with care or effort.
• "Obtain" - It means to get or gain through some effort, which is similar to the meaning of "procure".(प्राप्त करना)

Therefore, the correct sentence is: *'*It is very difficult to obtain food and fuel for daily necessities for people living below poverty line in the world.'

Additional Information

• "Effort" - This is a noun referring to the physical or mental energy that is needed to do something.(प्रयास)
• "Guarantee" - This is a verb that means to promise that something is true or will happen. (गारंटी देना)
• "Console" - This is a verb that means to give comfort or sympathy to someone who is unhappy or disappointed.(सांत्वना देना)

The correct answer is 'Option 4' i.e. 'Futuristic'.

 Key Points

• The incorrectly spelled word in the sentence is 'futuristec'.
• The correct spelling is "Futuristic".
• "Futuristic" is an adjective that describes something as being ahead of its time, innovative, or showing a vision of the future.(भविष्यवादी)

Therefore, the correct sentence is: 'The play depicts a futuristic society'.

The correct answer is 'in danger'.

Key Points

• The most appropriate option to substitute the underlined segment 'in a danger' in the given sentence is 'in danger'.
• The phrase 'in danger' is a set phrase or idiomatic expression that denotes a state or situation where harm or damage is likely.
• The indefinite article 'a' is not typically used in this phrase in English.
• So, 'in danger' is grammatically correct, and it fits the context of the sentence.

Therefore, the correct sentence is: 'Rapid deforestation may put the lives of many indigenous communities in danger.'

Additional Information

• 'In some danger' is grammatically correct, but it tends to downplay the seriousness of the danger, which might not be the intended meaning in this context.
• 'In the danger' is not grammatically correct in this context. The definite article 'the' is typically used when referring to a specific danger that has already been mentioned or is clear from context, which is not the case here.

The correct answer is 'Option 1' i.e. 'Remember'.

Key Points

• The most appropriate antonym for the word "Neglect" is "Remember".
• "Neglect" typically means to fail to care for properly or to not give proper attention to.
• "Remember" - Remembering something involves keeping it in your mind, or not forgetting about it, which is the opposite of neglecting it.(याद करना)

Therefore, the correct answer is: 'Remember'.

Additional Information

• "Slight" - This term means to insult (someone) by treating or speaking of them without proper respect or attention. (उपेक्षा)
• "Omit" - This word means to leave out or exclude (someone or something), either intentionally or forgetfully. (छोड़ देना)
• "Overlook" - This term means to fail to notice or consider something or someone. (अनदेखा करना)

The correct answer is 'option 1,' i.e. "conveying."

Key Points

• This option correctly uses the gerund form of the verb to maintain parallelism in the sentence.
• The sentence is discussing two simultaneous, ongoing actions by the people on the pilgrimages - "creating" and "conveying" - so the verbs should match in form.

Therefore, the correct sentence is: "In the olden days, when people went on pilgrimages, they created a feeling of belonging towards all, conveying a message of brotherhood among all they came across."

Additional Information

• Let's discuss why the other options are incorrect:
• Option 2, "has conveyed": This option uses the present perfect tense, which is inappropriate here. This tense would suggest that the action of conveying the message started in the past and continues into the present, which is inconsistent with the past-tense context of the sentence.
• Option 3, "conveyed": This option uses the simple past tense, which would be appropriate if the sentence were describing two separate, completed actions. However, the sentence is describing two actions that were happening simultaneously, so the -ing form (the gerund) is more appropriate to show this ongoing action in the past.
• Option 4, "have conveyed": This option uses the present perfect tense, which, like in option 2, suggests an action that started in the past and continues into the present. This is not appropriate for the past-tense context of the sentence.

The correct answer is "Option 2" i.e. 'address'.

Key Points

• The critical feature of the sentence is that it refers to both a verbal activity imparted towards a group of people, and also a physical location.
• The verb "address" has multiple meanings, two of which are applicable here. When we say "The Minister was supposed to address the gathering," it means the Minister was expected to speak to or give a speech to the gathering. This is the most formal and suitable option for the context given.
• The other usage of "address" is as a noun, it means the location or place where something is situated. "At the address of Hotel Mao Inn" indicates the physical location where the gathering was held.
• Hence, the word "address" fits perfectly in both the blanks provided in the sentence, making it the correct choice.

Therefore, the correct answer is- "address"

Additional Information

• Option 1: The word "treat" could be used in a context where someone is providing something or acting in a certain way towards others. However, it doesn't fit in the sentence as it doesn't convey a location or a formal speaking engagement.
• Option 3: "Deliver" could have been used in the first blank, meaning the Minister would 'deliver' a speech or message. However, it is not suitable for the second blank as it does not refer to a location.
• Option 4: "Speech" can be only used in the first blank to imply the Minister was supposed to give a speech. As for the second blank, "speech" is not a location or place, making it incorrect.

The correct answer is 'Option 3' i.e. 'Sole; weather'.

Key Points

• The most appropriate option to fill in the blanks in the sentence is "sole; weather".
• "Sole" as an adjective means "only" or "single". In this context, it implies that the speaker had only one intention or purpose, which was to have a good time.
• "Weather" refers to the state of the atmosphere at a place and time as regards heat, dryness, sunshine, wind, rain, etc.
• In this context, it refers to the conditions outside that would impact the speaker's good time.

Therefore, the correct sentence is: 'My sole intention was to have a good time in the excellent weather.'

Additional Information

• Let's consider the other options:
• "Soul; weather": "Soul" refers to the spiritual or immaterial part of a human being or animal, which is not typically used to refer to intentions. So, this choice doesn't make much sense in this context.
• "Soul; whether": This choice is grammatically incorrect. "Whether" is a conjunction used to introduce alternatives. It does not fit in the second blank.
• "Sole; whether": As explained before, "whether" doesn't fit in the context of the sentence.

The correct answer is 'Option 2' i.e. 'Referred'.

Key Points

• The most appropriate option to fill in blank number 1 is "referred".
• In this context, the verb "referred" is the most fitting because it means to mention or allude to.
• We use "refer to" when we want to draw attention or mention something.

Therefore, the correct sentence is: 'The beach is often referred to as nature's most (2) _______ tourist spot. Going to the beach allows you to take in all of nature's splendour, which includes a (3) _________ of (4) _________ sights. The beach is the perfect place where I can sit, relax and enjoy the (5) ________ and beautiful natural surroundings.'

Additional Information

• The other options can be examined as follows:
• "Named" usually implies a formal act of assigning a name to something, which isn't quite the context here.
• "Called" could be used here, but "referred to" is a more precise and common phrase in English for this context, especially when talking about a commonly given descriptor like "nature's most ___ tourist spot."
• "Associated" implies a link or connection with something, typically in terms of a characteristic or feature, but it's not the best fit here because the sentence is about what the beach is often called or described as, not what it's connected or associated with.

The correct answer is 'Option 2' i.e. 'Natural'.

Key Points

• The most appropriate option to fill in blank number 2 is "natural".
• In this context, the adjective "natural" is the most fitting because it describes the beach as a tourist spot that is part of nature.
• This fits with the overall context of the sentence, which talks about the beach in terms of its natural beauty and splendor.

Therefore, the correct sentence is:  'The beach is often referred to as nature's most natural tourist spot. Going to the beach allows you to take in all of nature's splendour, which includes a (3) _________ of (4) _________ sights. The beach is the perfect place where I can sit, relax and enjoy the (5) ________ and beautiful natural surroundings.'

Additional Information

• The other options can be examined as follows:
• "Recognised" doesn't fit in this context because it's typically used to mean acknowledged or accepted, but it's not an adjective that directly describes a "tourist spot".
• "Crowded" could potentially describe some beaches, but it's not an adjective that fits with the description of the beach as "nature's most ___ tourist spot". It also doesn't fit with the sentence's overall focus on the beach's natural beauty.
• "Organised" is not an adjective that typically describes a "tourist spot", especially not in the context of a natural setting like a beach. It suggests a level of human arrangement or planning, which doesn't fit the context here.

The correct answer is 'Option 1' i.e. 'Plethora'.

Key Points

• The most appropriate option to fill in blank number 3 is "plethora".
• In this context, "plethora" is the most fitting choice because it means "a large or excessive amount of something,".
• It conveys the idea that there is a vast array of different sights to see at the beach.

Therefore, the correct sentence is:  'The beach is often referred to as nature's most natural tourist spot. Going to the beach allows you to take in all of nature's splendour, which includes a plethora of (4) _________ sights. The beach is the perfect place where I can sit, relax and enjoy the (5) ________ and beautiful natural surroundings.'

Additional Information

• The other options can be examined as follows:
• "View" refers to a sight or prospect, typically of attractive natural scenery. In this context, it doesn't fit because it doesn't indicate the variety or number of sights.
• "Means" refers to an action or system by which a result is achieved; a method. It doesn't fit in the context of describing sights at the beach.
• "Kind" is used to denote a category or type. It doesn't convey the idea of an abundance or variety of sights which is needed here.

The correct answer is 'Option 2' i.e. 'Captivating'.

Key Points

• The most appropriate option to fill in blank number 4 is "captivating".
• In this context, "captivating" is the most fitting choice because it means "capable of attracting and holding interest; charming".
• The phrase "a plethora of captivating sights" suggests there are many sights at the beach that are very interesting and attractive.

Therefore, the correct sentence is: 'The beach is often referred to as nature's most natural tourist spot. Going to the beach allows you to take in all of nature's splendour, which includes a plethora of captivating sights. The beach is the perfect place where I can sit, relax and enjoy the (5) ________ and beautiful natural surroundings.'

Additional Information

• The other options can be examined as follows:
• "Rare" suggests that the sights are not commonly seen, which may be true for some beaches, but the term doesn't necessarily imply that the sights are interesting or attractive.
• "Sorrowful" means full of or characterized by sorrow. It doesn't fit in this context because the sentence is talking about the beauty and splendor of the beach, not sadness.
• "Costly" means expensive, and it doesn't make sense in the context of describing sights, which are not something that can be bought or sold.

The correct answer is 'Option 4' i.e. 'Peaceful'.

Key Points

• The most appropriate option to fill in blank number 5 is "peaceful".
• In this context, "peaceful" is the most fitting choice because it implies a calm, serene environment that's free from disturbance.
• It fits well with the rest of the sentence, which describes sitting, relaxing, and enjoying the surroundings, activities usually associated with a peaceful setting.

Therefore, the correct sentence is: 'The beach is often referred to as nature's most natural tourist spot. Going to the beach allows you to take in all of nature's splendour, which includes a plethora of captivating sights. The beach is the perfect place where I can sit, relax and enjoy the peaceful and beautiful natural surroundings.'

Additional Information

• The other options can be examined as follows:
• "Cognizant" means having knowledge or being aware of something. This doesn't fit well in this context, as the adjective doesn't describe an attribute of the surroundings.
• "Polluted" describes something that has been contaminated or dirtied. This is not in line with the positive, relaxing image of the beach being described.
• "Costliest" implies an expensive or high value. This doesn't fit well in the context because it's not a descriptor for natural surroundings.

जिसे पार करना कठिन हो- "दुस्‍तर" कहलाता है। 

Key Points

• दुस्‍तर- जिसे पार करना कठिन हो।
• अन्‍य व‍िकल्‍प असंगत हैं।

अन्‍य व‍िकल्‍प- 

Additional Information

'जो अपनी जगह से न डिगे'- ''अडिग'' कहलाता है। 

Key Points 

• अडिग- जो अपनी जगह से न डिगे।
• अन्‍य व‍िकल्‍प असंगत हैं।

अन्‍य व‍िकल्‍प- 

Additional Information 

रेखांकित वाक्‍यांश के स्‍थान पर शुद्ध वाक्‍यांश "जीरा देना" है। अन्‍य व‍िकल्‍प असंगत हैं। 

Key Points

• वाक्यांश- 'ऊंट के मुंह में पान भरना।'
• इस वाक्‍यांश में पान भरना अशुद्ध रेखांकित शब्‍द है।
• शुद्ध वाक्‍यांश - 'ऊंट के मुंह में जीरा देना।'

Important Points

• मुहावरा- ऊँट के मुँह में जीरा।
• मुहावरे का अर्थ- खुराक से बहुत कम खाना मिलना।
• वाक्य प्रयोग- संदीप पहलवानी करता है और उसको तुमने सौ ग्राम जलेबी खिलाई, हुई ना ऊँट के मुँह में जीरा वाली बात।

र‍िक्‍त स्‍थान की पूर्ति के ल‍िए सर्वाधिक उपयुक्‍त शब्‍द "ऐतिहासिक" है। अन्‍य व‍िकल्‍प असंगत हैं। 

Key Points

• वाक्‍य- 'लालकिला भारत की ऐतिहासिक इमारत है।'
• र‍िक्‍त स्‍थान की पूर्ति के उपयुक्‍त शब्‍द ऐतिहासिक है।
• ऐतिहासिक का अर्थ- इतिहास में उल्लिखित।
• अन्‍य व‍िकल्‍पों में द‍िए ऐतिहास‍िक शब्‍द की वर्तनी अशुद्ध हैं।

Additional Information 

• देश में बढ़ता भ्रष्‍टाचार घोर चिन्‍ता का विषय है।
• हमने दर्शक दीर्घा में बैठकर संसद की कार्यवाही देखी।
• ईश्‍वर तुम्‍हारा कल्‍याण करें।
• मस्तिष्क हमें सोचने की अनुमति देता है।

जो प्रमाण द्वारा सिद्ध न हो सके- "अप्रमेय" कहलाता है। 

Key Points 

• अप्रमेय- जो प्रमाण द्वारा सिद्ध न हो सके।
• अन्‍य व‍िकल्‍प असंगत हैं।

अन्‍य व‍िकल्‍प- 

Additional Information 

वाक्‍य में रेखांकित शब्‍द सामान्य के स्‍थान पर सर्वोच‍ित शब्‍द ''व्यावहारिक'' है। 

Key Points

• वाक्‍य- प्रत्येक भारतवासी को हिंदी का सामान्य ज्ञान होना चाहिए।
• वाक्‍य में प्रयुक्‍त सामान्य रेखांकित शब्‍द के स्‍थान पर व्यावहारिक शब्‍द का प्रयोग होगा।
• सही वाक्‍य- प्रत्येक भारतवासी को हिंदी का व्यावहारिक ज्ञान होना चाहिए।
• अन्‍य व‍िकल्‍प असंगत हैं।

Important Points अन्‍य व‍िकल्‍प- 

वाक्य में प्रयुक्त 'अनुयायी' का विलोम शब्द ''व‍िरोधी'' है। अन्‍य व‍िकल्‍प असंगत हैं। 

Key Points

• वाक्‍य- 'भारत देश के रहने वाले बहुत सारे लोग गौतम बुद्ध के अनुयायी थे।'
• वाक्‍य में प्रयुक्‍त शब्‍द अनुयायी शब्‍द का व‍िलोम व‍िरोधी है।
• अनुयायी का अर्थ- अनुसरण करनेवाला।
• व‍िरोधी का अर्थ- विरोध करनेवाला।

अन्‍य व‍िकल्‍प- 

Important Points कुछ अन्‍य व‍िलोम शब्‍द- 

बहती गंगा में हाथ धोना मुहावरे का सही अर्थ "अवसर का फायदा उठाना" है। अन्‍य व‍िकल्‍प असंगत हैं। 

Key Points 

अन्‍य व‍िकल्‍प- 

Additional Information 

स्‍वर्ग का सही पर्यायवाची शब्‍द "देवलोक" है। अन्‍य व‍िकल्‍प असंगत हैं। 

Key Points

• स्‍वर्ग के अन्‍य पर्यायवाची- सुरलोक, देवलोक, दिव्यधाम, ब्रह्मधाम, परमधाम, त्रिदिव, दयुलोक।

अन्‍य व‍िकल्‍प- 

Additional Information

"देवनदी का जल पवित्र होता है।" इस वाक्‍य में गंगा के सही पर्यायवाची का प्रयोग हुआ है। 

Key Points

• वाक्‍य- देवनदी का जल पवित्र होता है।
• इस वाक्‍य में गंगा के पर्यायवाची शब्‍द देवनदी का प्रयोग हुआ है।
• गंगा के पर्यायवाची- देवनदी, भागीरथी, मंदाकिनी, देवपगा, अमरतरंगिनी, सुरसरि, सुरधुनि, स्वर्गापगा, त्रिपथंगा आदि।
• अन्‍य व‍िकल्‍प असंगत हैं।

Additional Information

र‍िक्‍त स्‍थान की पूर्ति के ल‍िए सही संज्ञा शब्‍द "पारा" है। अन्‍य व‍िकल्‍प असंगत हैं। 

Key Points

• वाक्‍य- पारा तरल अवस्था में होता है।
• पारा उपयुक्‍त संज्ञा शब्‍द है, र‍िक्‍त स्‍थान की पूर्ति के ल‍िए।
• पारा का अर्थ- चाँदी की तरह की एक चमकीली और भारी धातु जो सामान्यतः द्रव रूप में रहती है।
• पारा द्रव्यवाचक संज्ञा का शब्‍द है।
• द्रव्‍यवाचक संज्ञा- वह शब्द जो किसी तरल, ठोस, अधातु, धातु, पदार्थ, द्रव्य आदि का बोध कराते हो, उन्हें द्रव्यवाचक संज्ञा कहा जाता है।
• जैसे-  दूध, तेल, घी, पानी, दही, पारा आदि।

Additional Information

"रघुवीर मेरा अग्रज है।" यह वाक्‍य संज्ञा की दृष्टि से सही है। 

Key Points

• सही वाक्‍य- रघुवीर मेरा अग्रज है।
• यह वाक्‍य संज्ञा के दृष्टि से सही है।
• रघुवीर व्यक्तिवाचक संज्ञा शब्‍द है।
• व्यक्तिवाचक संज्ञा- जिन शब्दों से किसी विशेष व्यक्ति, स्थान अथवा वस्तु के नाम का बोध हो, उसे व्यक्तिवाचक संज्ञा कहते हैं।
• अन्‍य व‍िकल्‍प असंगत हैं।

Additional Information

वाक्‍य में "पूज्यनीय स्थान" अशुद्ध वर्तनी है। अन्‍य व‍िकल्‍प असंगत हैं। 

Key Points 

• वाक्‍य- 'दादा-दादी का सबके जीवन में पूज्यनीय स्थान होता है।'
• वाक्‍य में पूज्यनीय स्थान शब्‍द की वर्तनी अशुद्ध है।
• सही वर्तनी- पूजनीय स्थान है।
• सही वाक्‍य-  'दादा-दादी का सबके जीवन में पूजनीय स्थान होता है।'

Important Points 

Additional Information