English Comprehension PYQs

The correct answer is "prevail over the decision."

Key Points

• Let us understand the meaning of the following words:
• "Prevail" means to get control or influence on something.
• Example: I am sure that the truth will prevail in the end.
• "Withheld" means to refuse to give something to somebody.
• Example: Payment was withheld until the work was completed.
• According to the sentence, it can be inferred that the blank will emphasize the idea that the decision of the larger bench will be more influential than the decision of the smaller bench.
• Thus, the correct word to use is "prevail."
• Thus, options 2 and 3 will be eliminated.
• Also, "over" is used to show that somebody has control or authority.
• Example: He ruled over a great empire.
• Thus, we will use the phrase "prevail over the decision."
• The correct sentence is: A Constitution Bench of the Supreme Court has unanimously held that a judgment delivered by a larger Bench will prevail over the decision of a smaller Bench.
• Hence, the correct answer is option 4.

The correct answer is "store your credit card."

Key Points

• Let us understand the meaning of the following words:
• "Dismantle" means to take a machine apart or to come apart into separate pieces.
• Example: I had to dismantle the washing machine in order to repair it.
• "Dislocate" means to force a bone suddenly out of its correct position.
• Example: She dislocated her elbow bones in the accident.
• "Store" means to put or keep things in a special place for use in the future.
• Example: Squirrels store nuts for the winter.
• In the given sentence, the correct word to use will be "store" i.e. the details are stored by the mobile apps.
• And since the discussed details are of the person reading the information and not of the hackers, we will use "your" in the phrase.
• The correct sentence is: Hackers can also break into online websites and mobile apps that store your credit card details.
• Hence, the correct answer is option 3.

The correct answer is "questioned the data."

Key Points

• In the given sentence, the use of "had" indicates that the sentence is in the past tense as the action took place in the past.
• 'Had' is used in the case of Past Perfect Tense or Present Perfect Tense.
• The past perfect simple tense is formed by using the auxiliary verb 'had' together with the V3 (past participle).
• Now, among the given options:
• Only options 1 and 3 have the V3 form of the verb.
• Thus, we will eliminate options 2 and 4.
• The past perfect continuous is made from had been and the -ing form of a verb.
• Since the given sentence is in the past perfect tense, option 3 will be eliminated as well.
• From the above explanation, it is clear that the correct phrase to fill in the blank is "questioned the data."
• The correct sentence: The SJM asserted that India had questioned the data and methodology used in the evaluation of the country.

Hence, the correct answer is option 1.

The correct answer is option 4.

Key Points

Part D of the sentence i.e. 'impeded in the immediately term' is erroneous.

• The adverb 'immediately' given before the noun 'term' is incorrect and it should be replaced with the adjective 'immediate'.
• The noun term need an adjective before it not an adverb.
• Hence, the correct answer is D.
• The correct sentence would be - Twitter’s ability to maintain its previous level of brand safety measures and effectiveness seems impeded in the immediate term.

​ 

Additional Information

Difference between adjectives and adverbs - 

• Adjective - An adjective is a word that modifies or describes a noun or pronoun. Adjectives can be used to describe the qualities of someone or something independently or in comparison to something else.
• For Example -
• She wore a beautiful dress at her birthday party.
• Adverb - An adverb is a word that modifies (describes) a verb (he sings loudly), an adjective (very tall), another adverb (ended too quickly), or even a whole sentence (Fortunately, I had brought an umbrella). Adverbs often end in –ly, but some (such as fast) look exactly the same as their adjective counterparts.
• For Example -
• ​​She was beautifully dressed at her birthday party.

The correct answer is option 3.

Key Points

Part C of the sentence i.e. 'it aggressively pursued' is erroneous.

• The pronoun 'it' given in part C of the question is incorrect as it doesn't agree with the subject of the sentence i.e. Economies.
• 'It' should be replaced with 'they' because 'they' is a plural personal pronoun and as the subject of the sentence is plural, the pronoun 'they' should be used.
• Hence, the correct answer is C.
• The correct sentence would be - Advanced economies are expected to bear the brunt as they aggressively pursued monetary tightening in 2022.

​

Additional Information

Let's understand the meanings of important vocab given in the sentence - 

• Expect means regard (something) as likely to happen. (अपेक्षा करना)
• Aggressively means in a determined and forceful way. (उग्रता के साथ)
• Pursue means follow or chase (someone or something). (पाने की कोशिश करना)
• Monetary means relating to money or currency. (मौद्रिक)

The correct answer is option 1.

Key Points

Part A of the sentence i.e. 'Microsoft had been trying to retiring its' is erroneous.

• Here, after the preposition 'to' the verb 'retire' is given as its present participle (retiring) which is incorrect because as per English grammar rules, after the preposition 'to' we use the base form of the verb.
• Thus, 'retiring' should be replaced with 'retire'.
• Hence, the correct answer is A.
• The correct sentence would be - Microsoft had been trying to retire its Internet Explorer browser for nearly 8 years now, labelling it a compatibility solution for businesses rather than a browser for daily use.

The correct answer is option 4.

Key Points

Part D of the sentence i.e. 'unlike when its an isolated nutrient' is erroneous.

• Part D of the sentence is incorrect because the use of the word 'its' is incorrect in the context of the sentence and it should be replaced with 'it's'.
• Difference between Its and It's -
• Its (without an apostrophe) is a possessive pronoun, like his or her, for nouns that don't have a defined gender. In contrast, It's (with an apostrophe) is the shortened form, or contraction, of it is or it has.
• For Example -
• It's very cold outside.
• The remote is not working properly, we need to change its batteries.
• Hence, the correct answer is D.
• The correct sentence would be - When we get protein through food, the body metabolises it naturally, in a way it is meant to, unlike when it's an isolated nutrient.

The correct answer is option 2.

Key Points

Part B of the sentence i.e. 'the Norwegian Institute for Marine Research has' is erroneous.

• The helping verb 'has' given in part B of the given sentence is incorrect and it should be replaced with the helping verb 'have'.
• The subject of the sentence is plural (researchers) and thus, the helping herb should be plural too.
• Hence, the correct answer is B.
• The correct sentence would be - For the first time, researchers from the Norwegian Institute for Marine Research have studied the concentration of nutrients in whale excrement before it is dissolved in seawater.

​ 

Additional Information

Let's understand the meanings of important vocab given in the sentence - 

• Concentration means the relative amount of a particular substance contained within a solution or mixture or in a particular volume of space. (सघनता)
• Excrement means waste matter discharged from the bowels; faeces. (उत्सर्जित पदार्थ)
• Dissolve means (with reference to a solid) become or cause to become incorporated into a liquid so as to form a solution. (घुलना)

The correct answer is 'A-IV, B-III, C-II, D-I​​.'

Key Points 

• Let us see the meanings of the given options:
• Hinder: to make it more difficult for somebody/something to do something. (व्‍यक्ति या वस्‍तु के लिए कठिनाई पैदा करना, किसी के काम में बाधा डालना)
• Hunger: the state of not having enough food to eat, especially when this causes illness or death. (भोजन की कमी (विशेषतः जब इससे रोग या मृत्‍यु हो जाए))
• Immense: very big or great. (अत्‍यधिक, असीम, अपार)
• Intentional: done on purpose, not by chance. (सोद्देश्‍य किया गया (अकस्‍मात); साभिप्राय)
• Accidental: happening by chance; not planned. (आकस्मिक; जिसकी कोई योजना न हो)
• Tiny: very small. (बहुत छोटा; नन्‍हा)
• Distaste: not liking something; the feeling that somebody/something is unpleasant or offends you. (अरुचि; नाक-भौं सिकोड़ते हुए, नापसंदगी)
• Aid: help. (मदद, सहायता)
• Hence, the correct answer is Option 2.
• Correct match:
• Hinder: Aid
• Hunger: Distaste
• Immense: Tiny
• Intentional: Accidental

)The correct answer is 'A-II, B-III, C-IV, D-I​​.'

Key Points  

• Let us see the meanings of the given options:
• Misunderstand: to understand somebody/something wrongly. (किसी व्यक्ति या वस्‍तु को समझने में ग़लती करना)
• Possible: that can happen or be done. (संभव (जो घटित हो सके या किया जा सके), शक्‍य)
• Prudent: sensible and careful when making judgements and decisions; avoiding unnecessary risks. (मूल्‍यांकन और निर्णय करने में सावधान और विवेकपूर्ण; अनावश्‍यक ख़तरों से बचते हुए)
• Rapid: happening very quickly or moving with great speed. (द्रुत (गति से होने वाला) या द्रुतगामी)
• Slow: moving, doing something or happening without much speed; not fast. (धीमी गति से चलते, करते या घटित होते हुए, धीमा या धीमे; वेग से नहीं, मंद)
• Comprehend: to understand something completely. ((किसी बात को) पूरी तरह समझना)
• Unlikely: not likely to happen; not expected; not probable. (असंभावित; अप्रत्‍याशित; असंभाव्‍य)
• Foolish: silly; not sensible. (बेवक़ूफ़; बेअक़ल, बुद्धिहीन, विवेकहीन)
• Hence, the correct answer is Option 2.
• Correct match:
• Misunderstand: Comprehend
• Possible: Unlikely
• Prudent: Foolish
• Rapid: Slow

The correct answer is 'A-II, B-III, C-IV, D-I​​.'

Key Points 

• Let us see the meanings of the given options:
• Calm: not excited, worried or angry; quiet. (शांत, चुपचाप)
• Dangerous: likely to cause injury or damage. (ख़तरनाक, भयंकर)
• Decide: to think about two or more possibilities and choose one of them. (दो या अधिक विकल्‍पों पर विचार कर एक का चयन करना)
• Definite: fixed and unlikely to change; certain. (सुनिश्चित और अपरिवर्तनीय; संदेहरहित, निश्‍चित, अवश्‍यंभावी)
• Certain: sure to happen or to do something; definite. (अवश्‍यंभावी; निश्चित, पक्‍का, सुस्‍पष्‍ट)
• Unruffled: not worried in a difficult situation; calm. (कठिन परिस्थितियों में अविक्षुब्ध; अनुद्विग्न; शांत, बेहरकत)
• Perilous: full of danger or risk. (ख़तरनाक, जोखिम-भरा)
• Settle: to decide or arrange something finally. (किसी बात को अंतिम रूप से तय या व्‍यवस्थित कर देना)
• Hence, the correct answer is Option 1.
• Correct match:
• Calm: Unruffled
• Dangerous: Perilous
• Decide: Settle
• Definite: Certain

The correct answer is 'A-IV, B-III, C-II, D-I​​.'

Key Points 

• Let us see the meanings of the given options:
• Eager: strongly wanting to do or have something. (कुछ करने या पाने की प्रबल इच्छा)
• Explain: to make something clear or easy to understand. (समझना, स्‍पष्‍ट करना)
• Fair: treating each person or side equally, according to the law, the rules, etc., impartial. (प्रत्‍येक व्‍यक्ति या पक��ष से समानता का व्‍यवहार करते हुए, निष्पक्ष)
• Fast: able to move or act at great speed. (तेज़, तीव्रगामी)
• Quick: done with speed; taking or lasting a short time. (फुरती से किया गया; थोड़ा समय लेने या रहने वाला)
• Impartial: not supporting one person or group more than another; fair. (जिसमें दो पक्षों में से किसी एक को अधिक प्रमुखता न दी जाए; निष्‍पक्ष)
• Elaborate: to give more details about something. (विस्‍तार से वर्णन करना)
• Keen: very interested in something; wanting to do something. (किसी बात में बहुत रुचि रखने वाला; कुछ करने का इच्‍छुक, लालायित, उत्‍सुक)
• Hence, the correct answer is Option 3.
• Correct match:
• Eager: Keen
• Explain: Elaborate
• Fair: Impartial
• Fast: Quick

The correct answer is option 1 i.e. scalable.

 

Explanation     

Let's look at the meanings of the given options-

• Scalable means able to be changed in size or scale.
• Incorporate means take in or contain (something) as part of a whole; include.
• Obsessive means of the nature of an obsession.
• Deployed means brought into effective action.
• Composed means wrote or created (a work of art, especially music or poetry).

The sentence mentions businesses that have the capability of growth. Hence, the most adjective to be used in the blank is 'scalable'.

The sentence is- Morial also pointed out the necessity for our community to be able to build scalable businesses that can grow.

The correct answer is option 1 i.e. conspiring.

 

Explanation     

Let's look at the meanings of the options-

• Conspiring means making secret plans jointly to commit an unlawful or harmful act.
• Suspecting means having an idea or impression of the existence, presence, or truth of (something) without certain proof.
• Demanding means requiring much skill or effort.
• Honouring means regarding with respect.
• Paving means covering (a piece of ground) with flat stones or bricks.

The only word that can make the sentence contextually and grammatically correct is 'conspiring' as the sentence mentions the sale of illegal products.

The sentence is- The police have accused him of conspiring with three others to sell illegal products.

The correct answer is option 3 i.e. amateur.

 

Explanation      

Let's look at the meanings of the given words-

• Obliged means make (someone) legally or morally bound to do something.
• Perpetual means never ending or changing.
• Amateur means a person who engages in a pursuit, especially a sport, on an unpaid rather than a professional basis.
• Ceasing means come or bring to an end.
• Eternal means lasting or existing forever; without end.

The person mentioned in the sentence became a professional only after turning 30 years. So, the word that can be used to describe what he was before that is 'amateur'.

The sentence is- He was an amateur photographer until the age of 30 when he turned professional.

The correct answer is E.

Key Points

• (D) Aarthi, a teenage girl loves learning more apart from her syllabus.
• This introduces the main character, Aarthi.
• (A) The wish of her was to do a challenging study on biotechnology, 'cause she loves adventures of fairy tales from her early childhood.
• This sentence gives information about her interests and desires.
• (B) She flew like a free bird in a beautiful school in Dubai.
• This provides context about her current situation, which aligns with her free-spirited nature and adventurous interests.
• (C) She had a friend named Lakhmi, she loves her more than any other.
• This gives information about her personal relationships in Dubai.
• (E) One evening, all of a sudden her dad got cardiac arrest and They are forced to move to their home country, India.
• This introduces a turning point that causes a major change in her life.
• ​Thus, the correct order is: D, A, B, C, E.
• Hence, the fifth sentence after rearrangement is: E.​

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 5.

 

Rearranged Paragraph: Aarthi, a teenage girl loves learning more apart from her syllabus. The wish of her was to do a challenging study on biotechnology, 'cause she loves adventures of fairy tales from her early childhood. She flew like a free bird in a beautiful school in Dubai. She had a friend named Lakhmi, she loves her more than any other. One evening, all of a sudden her dad got cardiac arrest and they are forced to move to their home country, India.

The correct answer is C.

Key Points

• (D) Aarthi, a teenage girl loves learning more apart from her syllabus.
• This introduces the main character, Aarthi.
• (A) The wish of her was to do a challenging study on biotechnology, 'cause she loves adventures of fairy tales from her early childhood.
• This sentence gives information about her interests and desires.
• (B) She flew like a free bird in a beautiful school in Dubai.
• This provides context about her current situation, which aligns with her free-spirited nature and adventurous interests.
• (C) She had a friend named Lakhmi, she loves her more than any other.
• This gives information about her personal relationships in Dubai.
• (E) One evening, all of a sudden her dad got cardiac arrest and They are forced to move to their home country, India.
• This introduces a turning point that causes a major change in her life.
• ​Thus, the correct order is: D, A, B, C, E.
• Hence, the fourth sentence after rearrangement is: C.​

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 4.

 

Rearranged Paragraph: Aarthi, a teenage girl loves learning more apart from her syllabus. The wish of her was to do a challenging study on biotechnology, 'cause she loves adventures of fairy tales from her early childhood. She flew like a free bird in a beautiful school in Dubai. She had a friend named Lakhmi, she loves her more than any other. One evening, all of a sudden her dad got cardiac arrest and they are forced to move to their home country, India.

The correct answer is B.

Key Points

• (D) Aarthi, a teenage girl loves learning more apart from her syllabus.
• This introduces the main character, Aarthi.
• (A) The wish of her was to do a challenging study on biotechnology, 'cause she loves adventures of fairy tales from her early childhood.
• This sentence gives information about her interests and desires.
• (B) She flew like a free bird in a beautiful school in Dubai.
• This provides context about her current situation, which aligns with her free-spirited nature and adventurous interests.
• (C) She had a friend named Lakhmi, she loves her more than any other.
• This gives information about her personal relationships in Dubai.
• (E) One evening, all of a sudden her dad got cardiac arrest and They are forced to move to their home country, India.
• This introduces a turning point that causes a major change in her life.
• ​Thus, the correct order is: D, A, B, C, E.
• Hence, the third sentence after rearrangement is: B.​

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 2.

 

Rearranged Paragraph: Aarthi, a teenage girl loves learning more apart from her syllabus. The wish of her was to do a challenging study on biotechnology, 'cause she loves adventures of fairy tales from her early childhood. She flew like a free bird in a beautiful school in Dubai. She had a friend named Lakhmi, she loves her more than any other. One evening, all of a sudden her dad got cardiac arrest and they are forced to move to their home country, India.

The correct answer is A.

Key Points

• (D) Aarthi, a teenage girl loves learning more apart from her syllabus.
• This introduces the main character, Aarthi.
• (A) The wish of her was to do a challenging study on biotechnology, 'cause she loves adventures of fairy tales from her early childhood.
• This sentence gives information about her interests and desires.
• (B) She flew like a free bird in a beautiful school in Dubai.
• This provides context about her current situation, which aligns with her free-spirited nature and adventurous interests.
• (C) She had a friend named Lakhmi, she loves her more than any other.
• This gives information about her personal relationships in Dubai.
• (E) One evening, all of a sudden her dad got cardiac arrest and They are forced to move to their home country, India.
• This introduces a turning point that causes a major change in her life.
• ​Thus, the correct order is: D, A, B, C, E.
• Hence, the second sentence after rearrangement is: A.​

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 1.

 

Rearranged Paragraph: Aarthi, a teenage girl loves learning more apart from her syllabus. The wish of her was to do a challenging study on biotechnology, 'cause she loves adventures of fairy tales from her early childhood. She flew like a free bird in a beautiful school in Dubai. She had a friend named Lakhmi, she loves her more than any other. One evening, all of a sudden her dad got cardiac arrest and they are forced to move to their home country, India.

The correct answer is D.

Key Points

• (D) Aarthi, a teenage girl loves learning more apart from her syllabus.
• This introduces the main character, Aarthi.
• (A) The wish of her was to do a challenging study on biotechnology, 'cause she loves adventures of fairy tales from her early childhood.
• This sentence gives information about her interests and desires.
• (B) She flew like a free bird in a beautiful school in Dubai.
• This provides context about her current situation, which aligns with her free-spirited nature and adventurous interests.
• (C) She had a friend named Lakhmi, she loves her more than any other.
• This gives information about her personal relationships in Dubai.
• (E) One evening, all of a sudden her dad got cardiac arrest and They are forced to move to their home country, India.
• This introduces a turning point that causes a major change in her life.
• ​Thus, the correct order is: D, A, B, C, E.
• Hence, the first sentence after rearrangement is: D.​

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 4.

 

Rearranged Paragraph: Aarthi, a teenage girl loves learning more apart from her syllabus. The wish of her was to do a challenging study on biotechnology, 'cause she loves adventures of fairy tales from her early childhood. She flew like a free bird in a beautiful school in Dubai. She had a friend named Lakhmi, she loves her more than any other. One evening, all of a sudden her dad got cardiac arrest and they are forced to move to their home country, India.