Computer Knowledge PYQs

The correct answer is 500%.

• Microsoft Word offers both Zoom-in & Zoom-out features to enhance the readability of the document.
• While the Zoom-in feature is used to enlarge the size of text, the Zoom-out feature is used to reduces the size of the text.
• The maximum Zoom-in percentage is 500% while the maximum Zoom-out percentage is 10%.
• The Zoom feature is available under the View tab.
• Zoom-in & Zoom-out can be done using (+) and (-) Buttons present at the bottom right side of the document.

Option 3 is NOT Correct.

• Malware is any software that was developed with the intent of damaging devices, stealing data, and generally causing a mess.
• Malware is short for “malicious software”.
• Among the options cookies is not a malware.
• Cookies are the packet of data that a computer receives and then sends back without changing or altering it.
• It will be stored on the user's computer by the web browser while browsing a website.
• The term "cookie" was coined by web-browser programmer Lou Montulli.
• Examples of malware are:
• Computer viruses.
• Worms.
• Trojan horses.
• Ransomware.
• Spyware
• Adware.
• Scareware.
• Examples of some important Computer viruses are:
• Dork Avangor.
• Jeruslem.
• C-brain.
• Bloody.
• Pachcom.
• Filip.
• Date crime.

The correct answer is HTTP.

Key Points

• HTTP
• The Hypertext Transfer(HTTP) is an application layer protocol for distributed, collaborative, hypermedia information systems.
• HTTP is the foundation of data communication for the World Wide Web, where hypertext documents include hyperlinks to other resources that the user can easily access, for example by a mouse click.
• The development of HTTP was initiated by Tim Berners-Lee at CERN in 1989.
• Webpage
• ​A webpage is a hypertext document provided by a website and displayed to a user in a web browser.
• A website typically consists of many web pages linked together in a coherent fashion.
• Web browser 
• A web browser is an application software for accessing the World Wide Web.
• It shows a web page from a particular website and retrieves the necessary content from a web server, and then displays the page on the user's device.
• Web browsers are used on a range of devices, including desktops, laptops, tablets, and smartphones.

Additional Information

• FTP(File Transfer Protocol)
• The File Transfer Protocol is a standard communication protocol used for the transfer of computer files from a server to a client on a computer network.
• FTP is built on a client-server model architecture using separate control and data connections between the client and the server.
• Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP)
• SMTP is a set of communication guidelines that allow the software to transmit electronic mail over the internet is called Simple Mail Transfer Protocol.
• It is a program used for sending messages to other computer users based on e-mail addresses.

The correct answer is 1/72.

Key Points

• A font is often measured in pt (points).
• Points dictate the height of the lettering.
• There are approximately 72 points in one inch or 2.54 cm.
• For example, the font size 72 would be about one inch tall, and 36 would be about a half of an inch.
• The minimum size of the font is 8 and the maximum size of the font is 72.
• Font size is important to make your text clearly visible on a sheet of paper and to maintain visibility after printing, without making the document look either very scattered or very messy.
• The following diagram represents how to select font size in Microsoft word :

The correct answer is Motherboard.

Key Points

• The motherboard allows communication to and between the CPU, RAM, and all other computer hardware components.
• A motherboard (also called mainboard, main circuit board, system board, baseboard, planar board, logic board, or mobo) is the main printed circuit board (PCB) in general-purpose computers and other expandable systems.
• It holds and allows communication between many crucial electronic components of a system, such as the central processing unit (CPU) and memory, and provides connectors for other peripherals.

Additional Information

• Application software is a type of computer program that performs a specific personal, educational, and business function.
• System software is a type of computer program that is designed to run a computer's hardware and application programs.
• A central processing unit (CPU), also called a central processor, main processor, or just processor is the electronic circuitry that executes instructions comprising a computer program.

The correct answer is Hypertext.

Key Points

• Hypertext is the text displayed on a computer display or other electronic devices with references to other text that the reader can immediately access.
• Hypertext documents are interconnected by hyperlinks, which are typically activated by a mouse click, keypress set, or screen touch.
• HyperMedia is a term used for hypertext that is not constrained to be text: it can include graphics, video, and sound.

Additional Information

Types of Protocols:

• Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)
• Internet Protocol (IP)
• User Datagram Protocol (UDP)
• Post office Protocol (POP)
• Simple mail transport Protocol (SMTP).

The correct answer is EEPROM.

Key Points

• Flash memory is a non-volatile computer storage chip,
• It is made up of EEPROM.
• EEPROM is the acronym of electrically erasable programmable read-only memory,
• EEPROM is a Programmable ROM that can be erased and reprogrammed using an electrical charge.
• It was first was developed by George Perlegos.
• It allows the user to update the computer BIOS without having to open the computer or remove any chips.
• It organized as arrays of floating-gate transistors.
• USB flash drive, Memory cards are the examples of flash memory storage.
• BIOS is stored in Flash memory chip.

Additional Information

• RDRAM is the acronym of Rambus Dynamic Random Access Memory.
• It is a video RAM.
• MROM is the acronym of Mask ROM.
• It is produced by arranging transistors before the semiconductor manufacturing process actually begins.
• SRAM is the acronym of Static random-access memory
• It uses latching circuitry (flip-flop) to store each bit.
• PROM is the acronym of Programmable Read-Only Memory.
• It can be modified only once by a user.

The Correct Answer is "Cache Memory".

Important Points

Cache Memory :

• Cache Memory is a special very high-speed memory.
• It is used to speed up and synchronizing with a high-speed CPU. Cache memory is costlier than main memory or disk memory but economical than CPU registers.
• Cache memory is an extremely fast memory type that acts as a buffer between RAM and the CPU.
• It holds frequently requested data and instructions so that they are immediately available to the CPU when needed.
• Cache memory is used to reduce the average time to access data from the Main memory.

Additional Information

Secondary Memory​ :

• It is non-volatile, i.e. it retains data when power is switched off.
• It is large capacities to the tune of terabytes.
• It is cheaper as compared to the primary memory.
• Depending on whether the Secondary memory device is part of the CPU or not, there are two types of secondary memory – fixed and removable.

 Auxiliary Memory :

• Auxiliary memory is the non-volatile memory lowest-cost, highest-capacity, and slowest-access storage in a computer system.
• It is where programs and data kept for long-term storage or when not in immediate use.
• Such memories tend to occur in two types-sequential access (data must access in a linear sequence) and direct access (data may access in any sequence).
• The most common sequential storage device is the hard disk drives, whereas direct-access devices include rotating drums, disks, CD-ROMs, and DVD-ROMs.
• It used as permanent storage of data in mainframes and supercomputers.

Virtual Memo :

• A computer can address more memory than the amount physically installed on the system.
• This extra memory is actually called virtual memory and it is a section of a hard disk that's set up to emulate the computer's RAM.
• The main visible advantage of this scheme is that programs can be larger than physical memory.
• Virtual memory serves two purposes.
• First, it allows us to extend the use of physical memory by using the disk.
• Second, it allows us to have memory protection because each virtual address is translated to a physical address.

The correct answer is Assembly Language.

• An assembly language is a type of low-level programming language that is intended to communicate directly with a computer’s hardware.
• Unlike machine language, which consists of binary and hexadecimal characters, assembly languages are designed to be readable by humans.
• Having an understanding of assembly language makes one aware of how programs interface with OS, processor, and BIOS; how data is represented in memory and other external devices, etc.

The correct answer is the American Standard Code for Information Interchange.

Key Points

• ASCII stands for American Standard Code for Information Interchange.
• It is a way to define a set of characters for encoding text documents on computers.
• The ASCII codes represent computers and other communication devices that use text.
• It was the most popular computer encoding on the World Wide Web until December 2007, after that it surpassed by UTF-8 which uses ASCII as a subset.
• The first version of ASCII was formed in 1963.
• In a short time, it became very popular and widely used in the computer world.
• It was first commercially used as a seven-bit teleprinter code promoted by Bell data services.
• It is originally based on the English alphabet.
• It encodes 128 specified characters into a seven-bit binary integer. Initially, it was a 6-bit character set but later it has become a 7-bit character set.

The correct answer is option 2 i.e ​PowerPoint 2.0.

• PowerPoint 2.0 is the first PowerPoint version released for Windows OS.
• PowerPoint 1.0 and PowerPoint 1.01 developed for Macintosh users only.
• PowerPoint 1.0 released in 1987.
• PowerPoint Version 2.0, developed for both Macintosh and Microsoft’s Windows operating system
• PowerPoint 2.0 for Windows was released in 1990.
• PowerPoint 3.0 was released in 1992.
• 2021 PowerPoint 2021 (version 16) (Office 2021) is the latest version of Power Point.

The Correct Answer is SuperScript.

Key Points

• The Ctrl + Shift + + =  will make the selected text appear as super script.
• For Example, the word 'Hello' will appear as ^Hello.

Additional Information

• For subscript, press Ctrl and the Equal sign (=) at the same time. (Do not press Shift.)
• To use a keyboard shortcut to change between lowercase, UPPERCASE, and Capitalize Each Word, select the text and press SHIFT + F3 until the case you want is applied.
• Shadow can be added in texts using the Word Art option in MS Word.

Ctrl + Z is used to undo a step or undo typing in MS Word and it restores the status which was one step prior to that step.

The correct answer is Cascade.

Key Points

• Cascade
• Use this button to tile the open windows so that they overlap vertically on the screen.

Additional Information

• Window Group
• New Window
• Opens a new window containing a view of the current presentation.
• To open a new PowerPoint window, click this button.
• A new window will open with the same presentation.
• The presentation will have a number after the name.
• Arrange All
• Tile all open windows side by side on the screen.
• Move Split
• This option is used to move the splitters that separate the different sections of the window

Switch Windows

• Click this button to switch from one window to another window.
• A list of the open windows will display when the button is clicked.

The correct answer is IEEE802.11

• IEEE 802.11 is used to define the specification for a wireless LAN.
• IEEE 802 is a collection of networking standards that cover the physical and data-link layer specifications for technologies such as Ethernet and wireless.
• IEEE stands for Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers.

Additional Information

• IEEE 802.21: is used to improve the user experience of mobile terminals by enabling handovers between heterogeneous technologies while optimizing session continuity.
• IEEE 802.1: Working Group (IEEE 802.1) is an IEEE Standards Association (IEEE-SA) group established to ensure network management and monitoring capabilities in networks developed according to IEEE 802 standards.
• IEEE 802.15:  specifies wireless personal area network (WPAN) standards.

The Correct Answer is "FTP".

Important Points

• FTP stands for File Transfer Protocol.
• FTP allows transferring of files i.e Text files, multimedia, and documents, etc. from one machine to another.
• It is used to encourage the use of remote computers.
• It transfers the data more reliably and efficiently.
• For sending the actual file, FTP makes use of data connection. A data connection is initiated on port number 20.
• FTP sends the control information out-of-band as it uses a separate control connection.
• File Transfer Protocol(FTP) is an application layer protocol that moves files between local and remote file systems.

​

Additional Information

• Telnet protocol defines a set of rules to connect one system with other remote systems.
• HTTPS is truncated as HyperText Transfer Protocol Secure is a standard convention to make sure about the correspondence among two PCs one utilizing the program and the other getting information from the webserver.
• Gopher defines a set of rules executed for looking, recovering, and just showing reports from isolated sites.
• The SMTP protocol allows us to send e-mails.

The correct answer is the Musical Instrument Digital Interface.

Key Points

• MIDI is the short form of Musical Instrument Digital Interface.
• It is a way to connect devices that make and control sound.
• It works as synthesizers, samplers in computers.
• MIDI was meant to allow someone to control multiple synthesizers from a single keyboard.
• It is based on the idea of message-passing between devices.
• MIDI controllers usually do not create or produce musical sounds by themselves.
• The most commonly used MIDI controller is the electronic musical keyboard MIDI controller.

The correct answer is Four.

Key Points

• Each network that runs TCP/IP must have a unique network number.
• Every machine on the network must have a unique IP address.
• The IPv4 address is a 32-bit number that uniquely identifies a network interface on a machine.
• An IPv4 address is typically written in decimal digits, formatted as four octets that are separated by periods.
• Each 8-bit field represents a byte of the IPv4 address.
• This form of representing the bytes of an IPv4 address is often referred to as the dotted-decimal format.
• The bytes of the IPv4 address are further classified into two parts: the network part and the host part.
• The following figure shows the component parts of a typical IPv4 address.
• 129.144.50.56.

Important Points

Components of IP address

• Network Part
• The network part specifies the unique number that is assigned to the network.
• The networks part also identifies the class of network that is assigned.
• Host Part
• This is the part of the IPv4 address that is assigned to each host.
• The host part uniquely identifies the machine on our network.
• For each host on our network, the network part of the address is the same, but the host part must be different.

The correct answer is 6.

Key Points

• Data in a cell can be positioned in two ways and three sub alignments in it.
• One is horizontally and Vertically within the cell.
• There are three horizontal alignments available – against the left border, against the right border, and in the center.
• There are also three vertical alignments available – against the top border, against the bottom border, and in the middle.
• The vertical and horizontal alignments are not mutually exclusive.
• These alignments can be mixed together.
• For example, you can have text that appears aligned to the right and aligned to the top border together.

Important Points

How to add top Alignment in Ms excel:

The Correct Answer is 4.

Word offers four types of section breaks:

• Next Page starts the new section on the next page.
• Continuous starts the new section on the same page, at the current position.
• Even Page starts the new section on the next even-numbered page.
• Odd Page starts the new section on the next odd-numbered page.

Additional Information

• A section break allows controlling formatting as needs change.
• The sections can be understood as sub-documents or mini-documents.
• They are independent of one another.

Example 

• If two section breaks are applied on page two and another on page two then,
• The section break on page two controls the formatting on page one.
• The section break at the top of page five controls the formatting for pages two, three, and four.