Official Paper

IBPS PO Prelims Memory Based Paper (Held On: 23 August 2025 Shift 4) (Previous Year Paper)

100 questions · 60 minutes · with answers · free

Reasoning Ability (35 questions)

Directions: Read the information and answer the given questions.

Eight individuals, viz., P, Q, R, S, T, U, V, and W, are associated with eight different joining years - 1954, 1960, 1967, 1974, 1976, 1987, 1998, and 2002, but not necessarily in the same order. They each prefer eight different famous state foods, viz., Dhokla, Biryani, Litti Chokha, Appam, Dal Baati, Rogan Josh, Poha, and Makki di Roti, but not necessarily in the same order. Their tenure values are to be calculated with reference to the year 2024.

T likes Litti Chokha and has a shorter tenure than only two people. R, whose tenure value is a prime number, likes Dhokla, and the one whose tenure value is a multiple of 25 likes Makki di Roti. Q has the longest tenure among all and does not like Poha or Litti Chokha. Only three people have longer tenures than P. Four persons fall between W and V in terms of joining years, where V has a shorter tenure than U. The one whose tenure value is a multiple of 13 likes Appam. The one who likes Dal Baati has a longer tenure than the one who likes Appam and a shorter tenure than the one who likes Rogan Josh. Five people fall between the one who likes Poha and the one who likes Biryani, but V and S do not like Poha.

1

Who among the following likes Makki di Roti?

  1. ((a))

    P

  2. ((b))

    Q

  3. ((c))

    T

  4. ((d))

    U

  5. ((e))

    W

Show Answer
Answer: ((a))

P

Given: Eight individuals, viz., P, Q, R, S, T, U, V, and W, are associated with eight different joining years - 1954, 1960, 1967, 1974, 1976, 1987, 1998, and 2002, but not necessarily in the same order. They each prefer eight different famous state foods, viz., Dhokla, Biryani, Litti Chokha, Appam, Dal Baati, Rogan Josh, Poha, and Makki di Roti, but not necessarily in the same order. Their tenure values are to be calculated with reference to the year 2024.

  1. T likes Litti Chokha and has a shorter tenure than only two people.  2. Only three people have longer tenures than P. 3. R, whose tenure value is a prime number, likes Dhokla, and the one whose tenure value is a multiple of 25 likes Makki di Roti.  4. Four persons fall between W and V in terms of joining years.

Here, we have 2 Cases, i.e., Case 1 and Case 2.

YearsCase 1Case 2
PersonsFoodsPersonsFoods
1954 (70)
1960 (64)WV
1967 (57)TLitti ChokhaTLitti Chokha
1974 (50)PMakki di RotiPMakki di Roti
1976 (48)
1987 (37)RDhoklaRDhokla
1998 (26)VW
2002 (22)

 

5. The one whose tenure value is a multiple of 13 likes Appam. 

YearsCase 1Case 2
PersonsFoodsPersonsFoods
1954 (70)
1960 (64)WV
1967 (57)TLitti ChokhaTLitti Chokha
1974 (50)PMakki di RotiPMakki di Roti
1976 (48)
1987 (37)RDhoklaRDhokla
1998 (26)VAppamWAppam
2002 (22)

 

  1. Q has the longest tenure among all and does not like Poha or Litti Chokha. 
  2. V has a shorter tenure than U.

Now, we can eliminate Case 2.

YearsCase 1
PersonsFoods
1954 (70)QPoha ×
1960 (64)W
1967 (57)TLitti Chokha
1974 (50)PMakki di Roti
1976 (48)U
1987 (37)RDhokla
1998 (26)VAppam
2002 (22)

 

8. Five people fall between the one who likes Poha and the one who likes Biryani, but V and S do not like Poha. 

YearsCase 1
PersonsFoods
1954 (70)Q
1960 (64)WPoha
1967 (57)TLitti Chokha
1974 (50)PMakki di Roti
1976 (48)U
1987 (37)RDhokla
1998 (26)VAppam
2002 (22)SBiryani

 

  1. The one who likes Dal Baati has a longer tenure than the one who likes Appam and a shorter tenure than the one who likes Rogan Josh. 

This is our final arrangement,

YearsCase 1
PersonsFoods
1954 (70)QRogan Josh
1960 (64)WPoha
1967 (57)TLitti Chokha
1974 (50)PMakki di Roti
1976 (48)UDal Baati
1987 (37)RDhokla
1998 (26)VAppam
2002 (22)SBiryani

 

Hence, the correct answer is P.

2

Which food does Q like?

  1. ((a))

    Rogan Josh

  2. ((b))

    Biryani

  3. ((c))

    Appam

  4. ((d))

    Dhokla

  5. ((e))

    Dal Baati

Show Answer
Answer: ((a))

Rogan Josh

Given: Eight individuals, viz., P, Q, R, S, T, U, V, and W, are associated with eight different joining years - 1954, 1960, 1967, 1974, 1976, 1987, 1998, and 2002, but not necessarily in the same order. They each prefer eight different famous state foods, viz., Dhokla, Biryani, Litti Chokha, Appam, Dal Baati, Rogan Josh, Poha, and Makki di Roti, but not necessarily in the same order. Their tenure values are to be calculated with reference to the year 2024.

  1. T likes Litti Chokha and has a shorter tenure than only two people.  2. Only three people have longer tenures than P. 3. R, whose tenure value is a prime number, likes Dhokla, and the one whose tenure value is a multiple of 25 likes Makki di Roti.  4. Four persons fall between W and V in terms of joining years.

Here, we have 2 Cases, i.e., Case 1 and Case 2.

YearsCase 1Case 2
PersonsFoodsPersonsFoods
1954 (70)
1960 (64)WV
1967 (57)TLitti ChokhaTLitti Chokha
1974 (50)PMakki di RotiPMakki di Roti
1976 (48)
1987 (37)RDhoklaRDhokla
1998 (26)VW
2002 (22)

 

5. The one whose tenure value is a multiple of 13 likes Appam. 

YearsCase 1Case 2
PersonsFoodsPersonsFoods
1954 (70)
1960 (64)WV
1967 (57)TLitti ChokhaTLitti Chokha
1974 (50)PMakki di RotiPMakki di Roti
1976 (48)
1987 (37)RDhoklaRDhokla
1998 (26)VAppamWAppam
2002 (22)

 

  1. Q has the longest tenure among all and does not like Poha or Litti Chokha. 
  2. V has a shorter tenure than U.

Now, we can eliminate Case 2.

YearsCase 1
PersonsFoods
1954 (70)QPoha ×
1960 (64)W
1967 (57)TLitti Chokha
1974 (50)PMakki di Roti
1976 (48)U
1987 (37)RDhokla
1998 (26)VAppam
2002 (22)

 

8. Five people fall between the one who likes Poha and the one who likes Biryani, but V and S do not like Poha. 

YearsCase 1
PersonsFoods
1954 (70)Q
1960 (64)WPoha
1967 (57)TLitti Chokha
1974 (50)PMakki di Roti
1976 (48)U
1987 (37)RDhokla
1998 (26)VAppam
2002 (22)SBiryani

 

  1. The one who likes Dal Baati has a longer tenure than the one who likes Appam and a shorter tenure than the one who likes Rogan Josh. 

This is our final arrangement,

YearsCase 1
PersonsFoods
1954 (70)QRogan Josh
1960 (64)WPoha
1967 (57)TLitti Chokha
1974 (50)PMakki di Roti
1976 (48)UDal Baati
1987 (37)RDhokla
1998 (26)VAppam
2002 (22)SBiryani

 

Hence, the correct answer is Rogan Josh.

3

How many persons have shorter tenure than V?

  1. ((a))

    Two

  2. ((b))

    Three

  3. ((c))

    Four

  4. ((d))

    One

  5. ((e))

    More than four

Show Answer
Answer: ((d))

One

Given: Eight individuals, viz., P, Q, R, S, T, U, V, and W, are associated with eight different joining years - 1954, 1960, 1967, 1974, 1976, 1987, 1998, and 2002, but not necessarily in the same order. They each prefer eight different famous state foods, viz., Dhokla, Biryani, Litti Chokha, Appam, Dal Baati, Rogan Josh, Poha, and Makki di Roti, but not necessarily in the same order. Their tenure values are to be calculated with reference to the year 2024.

  1. T likes Litti Chokha and has a shorter tenure than only two people.  2. Only three people have longer tenures than P. 3. R, whose tenure value is a prime number, likes Dhokla, and the one whose tenure value is a multiple of 25 likes Makki di Roti.  4. Four persons fall between W and V in terms of joining years.

Here, we have 2 Cases, i.e., Case 1 and Case 2.

YearsCase 1Case 2
PersonsFoodsPersonsFoods
1954 (70)
1960 (64)WV
1967 (57)TLitti ChokhaTLitti Chokha
1974 (50)PMakki di RotiPMakki di Roti
1976 (48)
1987 (37)RDhoklaRDhokla
1998 (26)VW
2002 (22)

 

5. The one whose tenure value is a multiple of 13 likes Appam. 

YearsCase 1Case 2
PersonsFoodsPersonsFoods
1954 (70)
1960 (64)WV
1967 (57)TLitti ChokhaTLitti Chokha
1974 (50)PMakki di RotiPMakki di Roti
1976 (48)
1987 (37)RDhoklaRDhokla
1998 (26)VAppamWAppam
2002 (22)

 

  1. Q has the longest tenure among all and does not like Poha or Litti Chokha. 
  2. V has a shorter tenure than U.

Now, we can eliminate Case 2.

YearsCase 1
PersonsFoods
1954 (70)QPoha ×
1960 (64)W
1967 (57)TLitti Chokha
1974 (50)PMakki di Roti
1976 (48)U
1987 (37)RDhokla
1998 (26)VAppam
2002 (22)

 

8. Five people fall between the one who likes Poha and the one who likes Biryani, but V and S do not like Poha. 

YearsCase 1
PersonsFoods
1954 (70)Q
1960 (64)WPoha
1967 (57)TLitti Chokha
1974 (50)PMakki di Roti
1976 (48)U
1987 (37)RDhokla
1998 (26)VAppam
2002 (22)SBiryani

 

  1. The one who likes Dal Baati has a longer tenure than the one who likes Appam and a shorter tenure than the one who likes Rogan Josh. 

This is our final arrangement,

YearsCase 1
PersonsFoods
1954 (70)QRogan Josh
1960 (64)WPoha
1967 (57)TLitti Chokha
1974 (50)PMakki di Roti
1976 (48)UDal Baati
1987 (37)RDhokla
1998 (26)VAppam
2002 (22)SBiryani

 

Hence, the correct answer is One.

4

Who has the third shortest tenure?

  1. ((a))

    U

  2. ((b))

    V

  3. ((c))

    W

  4. ((d))

    S

  5. ((e))

    R

Show Answer
Answer: ((e))

R

Given: Eight individuals, viz., P, Q, R, S, T, U, V, and W, are associated with eight different joining years - 1954, 1960, 1967, 1974, 1976, 1987, 1998, and 2002, but not necessarily in the same order. They each prefer eight different famous state foods, viz., Dhokla, Biryani, Litti Chokha, Appam, Dal Baati, Rogan Josh, Poha, and Makki di Roti, but not necessarily in the same order. Their tenure values are to be calculated with reference to the year 2024.

  1. T likes Litti Chokha and has a shorter tenure than only two people.  2. Only three people have longer tenures than P. 3. R, whose tenure value is a prime number, likes Dhokla, and the one whose tenure value is a multiple of 25 likes Makki di Roti.  4. Four persons fall between W and V in terms of joining years.

Here, we have 2 Cases, i.e., Case 1 and Case 2.

YearsCase 1Case 2
PersonsFoodsPersonsFoods
1954 (70)
1960 (64)WV
1967 (57)TLitti ChokhaTLitti Chokha
1974 (50)PMakki di RotiPMakki di Roti
1976 (48)
1987 (37)RDhoklaRDhokla
1998 (26)VW
2002 (22)

 

5. The one whose tenure value is a multiple of 13 likes Appam. 

YearsCase 1Case 2
PersonsFoodsPersonsFoods
1954 (70)
1960 (64)WV
1967 (57)TLitti ChokhaTLitti Chokha
1974 (50)PMakki di RotiPMakki di Roti
1976 (48)
1987 (37)RDhoklaRDhokla
1998 (26)VAppamWAppam
2002 (22)

 

  1. Q has the longest tenure among all and does not like Poha or Litti Chokha. 
  2. V has a shorter tenure than U.

Now, we can eliminate Case 2.

YearsCase 1
PersonsFoods
1954 (70)QPoha ×
1960 (64)W
1967 (57)TLitti Chokha
1974 (50)PMakki di Roti
1976 (48)U
1987 (37)RDhokla
1998 (26)VAppam
2002 (22)

 

8. Five people fall between the one who likes Poha and the one who likes Biryani, but V and S do not like Poha. 

YearsCase 1
PersonsFoods
1954 (70)Q
1960 (64)WPoha
1967 (57)TLitti Chokha
1974 (50)PMakki di Roti
1976 (48)U
1987 (37)RDhokla
1998 (26)VAppam
2002 (22)SBiryani

 

  1. The one who likes Dal Baati has a longer tenure than the one who likes Appam and a shorter tenure than the one who likes Rogan Josh. 

This is our final arrangement,

YearsCase 1
PersonsFoods
1954 (70)QRogan Josh
1960 (64)WPoha
1967 (57)TLitti Chokha
1974 (50)PMakki di Roti
1976 (48)UDal Baati
1987 (37)RDhokla
1998 (26)VAppam
2002 (22)SBiryani

 

Hence, the correct answer is R.

5

Which one is odd?

  1. ((a))

    T - Makki di Roti

  2. ((b))

    R - Appam

  3. ((c))

    W - Poha

  4. ((d))

    U - Dhokla

  5. ((e))

    P - Dal Baati

Show Answer
Answer: ((c))

W - Poha

Given: Eight individuals, viz., P, Q, R, S, T, U, V, and W, are associated with eight different joining years - 1954, 1960, 1967, 1974, 1976, 1987, 1998, and 2002, but not necessarily in the same order. They each prefer eight different famous state foods, viz., Dhokla, Biryani, Litti Chokha, Appam, Dal Baati, Rogan Josh, Poha, and Makki di Roti, but not necessarily in the same order. Their tenure values are to be calculated with reference to the year 2024.

  1. T likes Litti Chokha and has a shorter tenure than only two people.  2. Only three people have longer tenures than P. 3. R, whose tenure value is a prime number, likes Dhokla, and the one whose tenure value is a multiple of 25 likes Makki di Roti.  4. Four persons fall between W and V in terms of joining years.

Here, we have 2 Cases, i.e., Case 1 and Case 2.

YearsCase 1Case 2
PersonsFoodsPersonsFoods
1954 (70)
1960 (64)WV
1967 (57)TLitti ChokhaTLitti Chokha
1974 (50)PMakki di RotiPMakki di Roti
1976 (48)
1987 (37)RDhoklaRDhokla
1998 (26)VW
2002 (22)

 

5. The one whose tenure value is a multiple of 13 likes Appam. 

YearsCase 1Case 2
PersonsFoodsPersonsFoods
1954 (70)
1960 (64)WV
1967 (57)TLitti ChokhaTLitti Chokha
1974 (50)PMakki di RotiPMakki di Roti
1976 (48)
1987 (37)RDhoklaRDhokla
1998 (26)VAppamWAppam
2002 (22)

 

  1. Q has the longest tenure among all and does not like Poha or Litti Chokha. 
  2. V has a shorter tenure than U.

Now, we can eliminate Case 2.

YearsCase 1
PersonsFoods
1954 (70)QPoha ×
1960 (64)W
1967 (57)TLitti Chokha
1974 (50)PMakki di Roti
1976 (48)U
1987 (37)RDhokla
1998 (26)VAppam
2002 (22)

 

8. Five people fall between the one who likes Poha and the one who likes Biryani, but V and S do not like Poha. 

YearsCase 1
PersonsFoods
1954 (70)Q
1960 (64)WPoha
1967 (57)TLitti Chokha
1974 (50)PMakki di Roti
1976 (48)U
1987 (37)RDhokla
1998 (26)VAppam
2002 (22)SBiryani

 

  1. The one who likes Dal Baati has a longer tenure than the one who likes Appam and a shorter tenure than the one who likes Rogan Josh. 

This is our final arrangement,

YearsCase 1
PersonsFoods
1954 (70)QRogan Josh
1960 (64)WPoha
1967 (57)TLitti Chokha
1974 (50)PMakki di Roti
1976 (48)UDal Baati
1987 (37)RDhokla
1998 (26)VAppam
2002 (22)SBiryani

 

Except for W - Poha, all other combinations are incorrect.

Hence, the correct answer is W - Poha.

Directions: Read the information and answer the given questions.

A certain number of persons are seated in a straight row, and all of them are facing north. M sits sixth to the right of H. T sits fourth to the right of M. Only two persons sit between M and P. Eight people sit between V and W. R sits fourth to the right of H. U sits exactly between H and T. V sits second to the left of U. W sits at one of the ends. H sits eighth from the left end of the row.

6

How many persons are sitting in the row?

  1. ((a))

    18

  2. ((b))

    17

  3. ((c))

    19

  4. ((d))

    20

  5. ((e))

    21

Show Answer
Answer: ((d))

20

Given: A certain number of persons are seated in a straight row, and all of them are facing north.

  1. H sits eighth from the left end of the row.
  2. M sits sixth to the right of H.
  3. T sits fourth to the right of M.
  4. Only two persons sit between M and P.

Here, we have 2 Cases, i.e., Case 1 and Case 2.

  1. R sits fourth to the right of H.
  2. U sits exactly between H and T. 

  1. V sits second to the left of U. 

Now, we can eliminate Case 1.

  1. Eight people sit between V and W.
  2. W sits at one of the ends. 

This is our final arrangement,

Hence, the correct answer is 20.

7

Who among the following is third to the left of M?

  1. ((a))

    W

  2. ((b))

    V

  3. ((c))

    P

  4. ((d))

    H

  5. ((e))

    R

Show Answer
Answer: ((b))

V

Given: A certain number of persons are seated in a straight row, and all of them are facing north.

1. H sits eighth from the left end of the row. 2. M sits sixth to the right of H. 3. T sits fourth to the right of M. 4. Only two persons sit between M and P.

Here, we have 2 Cases, i.e., Case 1 and Case 2.

5. R sits fourth to the right of H. 6. U sits exactly between H and T. 

7. V sits second to the left of U. 

Now, we can eliminate Case 1.

  1. Eight people sit between V and W.
  2. W sits at one of the ends. 

This is our final arrangement,

Hence, the correct answer is V.

8

What is the position of R with respect to U?

  1. ((a))

    Third to the left

  2. ((b))

    Immediate left

  3. ((c))

    Third to the right

  4. ((d))

    Second to the right

  5. ((e))

    Fourth to the right

Show Answer
Answer: ((b))

Immediate left

Given: A certain number of persons are seated in a straight row, and all of them are facing north.

  1. H sits eighth from the left end of the row.
  2. M sits sixth to the right of H.
  3. T sits fourth to the right of M.
  4. Only two persons sit between M and P.

Here, we have 2 Cases, i.e., Case 1 and Case 2.

  1. R sits fourth to the right of H.
  2. U sits exactly between H and T. 

  1. V sits second to the left of U. 

Now, we can eliminate Case 1.

  1. Eight people sit between V and W.
  2. W sits at one of the ends. 

This is our final arrangement,

Hence, the correct answer is Immediate left.

9

Four out of the five given alternatives are alike in some manner. Find the one that is odd.

  1. ((a))

    DFH

  2. ((b))

    NPR

  3. ((c))

    TVX

  4. ((d))

    CEH

  5. ((e))

    JLN

Show Answer
Answer: ((d))

CEH

Option 1: D + 2 = F, F + 2 = H

Option 2: N + 2 = P, P + 2 = R

Option 3: T + 2 = V, V + 2 = X

Option 4: C + 2 = E, E + 2 = G ≠ H

Option 5: J + 2 = L, L + 2 = N

Except for CEH, all others follow the same logic.

Hence, the correct answer is CEH.

Directions: Read the information and answer the given questions.

Eight boxes, namely, K, L, M, N, O, P, Q, and R, are stacked one above another. Each box contains a different item - Perfume, Diary, Bracelet, Biscuits, Saree, Marker, Necklace, and Jar, but not necessarily in the same order.

More than four boxes are placed between the box containing the necklace and the box containing the diary, which is not placed at the bottom. Neither L nor O is placed above the box containing Necklace. The box containing the bracelet is placed three boxes below Q. The box containing Perfume is placed exactly between M and R, where R is below M. Exactly one box is placed between L and O. An odd number of boxes are placed above Q, which is placed three boxes above N, which is placed immediately above the box containing Biscuits. The number of boxes between L and O is equal to the number of boxes between L and the box containing Perfume. The box containing the diary and the box containing Jar are adjacent to each other. The number of boxes above the box containing the bracelet is equal to the number of boxes below K. Exactly three boxes are placed between the box containing Biscuits and the box containing sarees.

10

Which of the following boxes is placed at the top?

  1. ((a))

    K

  2. ((b))

    M

  3. ((c))

    L

  4. ((d))

    Q

  5. ((e))

    R

Show Answer
Answer: ((b))

M

Given: Eight boxes, namely, K, L, M, N, O, P, Q, and R, are stacked one above another. Each box contains a different item - Perfume, Diary, Bracelet, Biscuits, Saree, Marker, Necklace, and Jar, but not necessarily in the same order.

  1. An odd number of boxes are placed above Q, which is placed three boxes above N, which is placed immediately above the box containing Biscuits. 

Here, we have 2 Cases, i.e., Case 1 and Case 2.

Case 1Case 2
BoxesItemsBoxesItems
Q
Q
N
Biscuits
N
Biscuits

 

2. Exactly three boxes are placed between the box containing Biscuits and the box containing sarees. 

Case 1Case 2
BoxesItemsBoxesItems
QSarees
QSarees
N
Biscuits
N
Biscuits

 

3. The box containing the bracelet is placed three boxes below Q. 

Case 1Case 2
BoxesItemsBoxesItems
QSarees
QSarees
NBracelet
Biscuits
NBracelet
Biscuits

 

4. The number of boxes above the box containing the bracelet is equal to the number of boxes below K. 

Case 1Case 2
BoxesItemsBoxesItems
KQSarees
QSareesK
NBracelet
Biscuits
NBracelet
Biscuits

 

5. More than four boxes are placed between the box containing the necklace and the box containing the diary, which is not placed at the bottom. 

Now, we can eliminate Case 1, and we have a subcase of Case 2.

Case 2Case 2a
BoxesItemsBoxesItems
DiaryNecklace
QSareesQSarees
KK
NBraceletNBracelet
BiscuitsBiscuits
Necklace/Diary
Necklace/

 

  1. The box containing the diary and the box containing Jar are adjacent to each other. 

Now, we can eliminate Case 2.

Case 2a
BoxesItems
Necklace
QSarees
K
NBracelet
Biscuits
Diary
Jar

 

7. Exactly one box is placed between L and O. 8. Neither L nor O is placed above the box containing Necklace. 9. The number of boxes between L and O is equal to the number of boxes between L and the box containing Perfume. 

Case 2a
BoxesItems
Necklace
QSarees
KPerfume
NBracelet
LBiscuits
Diary
OJar

 

  1. The box containing Perfume is placed exactly between M and R, where R is below M. 
Case 2a
BoxesItems
MNecklace
QSarees
KPerfume
NBracelet
LBiscuits
RDiary
OJar

 

This is our final arrangement,

Case 2a
BoxesItems
MNecklace
QSarees
PMarker
KPerfume
NBracelet
LBiscuits
RDiary
OJar

 

Hence, the correct answer is M.

11

Which item is contained in box R?

  1. ((a))

    Marker

  2. ((b))

    Biscuits

  3. ((c))

    Saree

  4. ((d))

    Jar

  5. ((e))

    Diary

Show Answer
Answer: ((e))

Diary

Given: Eight boxes, namely, K, L, M, N, O, P, Q, and R, are stacked one above another. Each box contains a different item - Perfume, Diary, Bracelet, Biscuits, Saree, Marker, Necklace, and Jar, but not necessarily in the same order.

1. An odd number of boxes are placed above Q, which is placed three boxes above N, which is placed immediately above the box containing Biscuits. 

Here, we have 2 Cases, i.e., Case 1 and Case 2.

Case 1Case 2
BoxesItemsBoxesItems
Q
Q
N
Biscuits
N
Biscuits

 

2. Exactly three boxes are placed between the box containing Biscuits and the box containing sarees. 

Case 1Case 2
BoxesItemsBoxesItems
QSarees
QSarees
N
Biscuits
N
Biscuits

 

3. The box containing the bracelet is placed three boxes below Q. 

Case 1Case 2
BoxesItemsBoxesItems
QSarees
QSarees
NBracelet
Biscuits
NBracelet
Biscuits

 

4. The number of boxes above the box containing the bracelet is equal to the number of boxes below K. 

Case 1Case 2
BoxesItemsBoxesItems
KQSarees
QSareesK
NBracelet
Biscuits
NBracelet
Biscuits

 

5. More than four boxes are placed between the box containing the necklace and the box containing the diary, which is not placed at the bottom. 

Now, we can eliminate Case 1, and we have a subcase of Case 2.

Case 2Case 2a
BoxesItemsBoxesItems
DiaryNecklace
QSareesQSarees
KK
NBraceletNBracelet
BiscuitsBiscuits
Necklace/Diary
Necklace/

 

  1. The box containing the diary and the box containing Jar are adjacent to each other. 

Now, we can eliminate Case 2.

Case 2a
BoxesItems
Necklace
QSarees
K
NBracelet
Biscuits
Diary
Jar

 

7. Exactly one box is placed between L and O. 8. Neither L nor O is placed above the box containing Necklace. 9. The number of boxes between L and O is equal to the number of boxes between L and the box containing Perfume. 

Case 2a
BoxesItems
Necklace
QSarees
KPerfume
NBracelet
LBiscuits
Diary
OJar

 

  1. The box containing Perfume is placed exactly between M and R, where R is below M. 
Case 2a
BoxesItems
MNecklace
QSarees
KPerfume
NBracelet
LBiscuits
RDiary
OJar

 

This is our final arrangement,

Case 2a
BoxesItems
MNecklace
QSarees
PMarker
KPerfume
NBracelet
LBiscuits
RDiary
OJar

 

Hence, the correct answer is Diary.

12

Which of the following combinations is correct?

  1. ((a))

    L - Jar

  2. ((b))

    O - Diary

  3. ((c))

    R - Perfume

  4. ((d))

    M - Marker

  5. ((e))

    M - Necklace

Show Answer
Answer: ((e))

M - Necklace

Given: Eight boxes, namely, K, L, M, N, O, P, Q, and R, are stacked one above another. Each box contains a different item - Perfume, Diary, Bracelet, Biscuits, Saree, Marker, Necklace, and Jar, but not necessarily in the same order.

1. An odd number of boxes are placed above Q, which is placed three boxes above N, which is placed immediately above the box containing Biscuits. 

Here, we have 2 Cases, i.e., Case 1 and Case 2.

Case 1Case 2
BoxesItemsBoxesItems
Q
Q
N
Biscuits
N
Biscuits

 

2. Exactly three boxes are placed between the box containing Biscuits and the box containing sarees. 

Case 1Case 2
BoxesItemsBoxesItems
QSarees
QSarees
N
Biscuits
N
Biscuits

 

3. The box containing the bracelet is placed three boxes below Q. 

Case 1Case 2
BoxesItemsBoxesItems
QSarees
QSarees
NBracelet
Biscuits
NBracelet
Biscuits

 

4. The number of boxes above the box containing the bracelet is equal to the number of boxes below K. 

Case 1Case 2
BoxesItemsBoxesItems
KQSarees
QSareesK
NBracelet
Biscuits
NBracelet
Biscuits

 

5. More than four boxes are placed between the box containing the necklace and the box containing the diary, which is not placed at the bottom. 

Now, we can eliminate Case 1, and we have a subcase of Case 2.

Case 2Case 2a
BoxesItemsBoxesItems
DiaryNecklace
QSareesQSarees
KK
NBraceletNBracelet
BiscuitsBiscuits
Necklace/Diary
Necklace/

 

  1. The box containing the diary and the box containing Jar are adjacent to each other. 

Now, we can eliminate Case 2.

Case 2a
BoxesItems
Necklace
QSarees
K
NBracelet
Biscuits
Diary
Jar

 

7. Exactly one box is placed between L and O. 8. Neither L nor O is placed above the box containing Necklace. 9. The number of boxes between L and O is equal to the number of boxes between L and the box containing Perfume. 

Case 2a
BoxesItems
Necklace
QSarees
KPerfume
NBracelet
LBiscuits
Diary
OJar

 

  1. The box containing Perfume is placed exactly between M and R, where R is below M. 
Case 2a
BoxesItems
MNecklace
QSarees
KPerfume
NBracelet
LBiscuits
RDiary
OJar

 

This is our final arrangement,

Case 2a
BoxesItems
MNecklace
QSarees
PMarker
KPerfume
NBracelet
LBiscuits
RDiary
OJar

 

Hence, the correct answer is M - Necklace.

13

How many boxes are placed between K and the box containing Saree?

  1. ((a))

    None

  2. ((b))

    One

  3. ((c))

    Two

  4. ((d))

    Three

  5. ((e))

    Four

Show Answer
Answer: ((b))

One

Given: Eight boxes, namely, K, L, M, N, O, P, Q, and R, are stacked one above another. Each box contains a different item - Perfume, Diary, Bracelet, Biscuits, Saree, Marker, Necklace, and Jar, but not necessarily in the same order.

1. An odd number of boxes are placed above Q, which is placed three boxes above N, which is placed immediately above the box containing Biscuits. 

Here, we have 2 Cases, i.e., Case 1 and Case 2.

Case 1Case 2
BoxesItemsBoxesItems
Q
Q
N
Biscuits
N
Biscuits

 

2. Exactly three boxes are placed between the box containing Biscuits and the box containing sarees. 

Case 1Case 2
BoxesItemsBoxesItems
QSarees
QSarees
N
Biscuits
N
Biscuits

 

3. The box containing the bracelet is placed three boxes below Q. 

Case 1Case 2
BoxesItemsBoxesItems
QSarees
QSarees
NBracelet
Biscuits
NBracelet
Biscuits

 

4. The number of boxes above the box containing the bracelet is equal to the number of boxes below K. 

Case 1Case 2
BoxesItemsBoxesItems
KQSarees
QSareesK
NBracelet
Biscuits
NBracelet
Biscuits

 

5. More than four boxes are placed between the box containing the necklace and the box containing the diary, which is not placed at the bottom. 

Now, we can eliminate Case 1, and we have a subcase of Case 2.

Case 2Case 2a
BoxesItemsBoxesItems
DiaryNecklace
QSareesQSarees
KK
NBraceletNBracelet
BiscuitsBiscuits
Necklace/Diary
Necklace/

 

  1. The box containing the diary and the box containing Jar are adjacent to each other. 

Now, we can eliminate Case 2.

Case 2a
BoxesItems
Necklace
QSarees
K
NBracelet
Biscuits
Diary
Jar

 

7. Exactly one box is placed between L and O. 8. Neither L nor O is placed above the box containing Necklace. 9. The number of boxes between L and O is equal to the number of boxes between L and the box containing Perfume. 

Case 2a
BoxesItems
Necklace
QSarees
KPerfume
NBracelet
LBiscuits
Diary
OJar

 

  1. The box containing Perfume is placed exactly between M and R, where R is below M. 
Case 2a
BoxesItems
MNecklace
QSarees
KPerfume
NBracelet
LBiscuits
RDiary
OJar

 

This is our final arrangement,

Case 2a
BoxesItems
MNecklace
QSarees
PMarker
KPerfume
NBracelet
LBiscuits
RDiary
OJar

 

Hence, the correct answer is One.

14

Which of the following statements is true?

  1. ((a))

    Q contains Necklace.

  2. ((b))

    L is placed immediately above R.

  3. ((c))

    N is placed immediately below Q.

  4. ((d))

    R contains Jar.

  5. ((e))

    M is at the bottommost position.

Show Answer
Answer: ((b))

L is placed immediately above R.

Given: Eight boxes, namely, K, L, M, N, O, P, Q, and R, are stacked one above another. Each box contains a different item - Perfume, Diary, Bracelet, Biscuits, Saree, Marker, Necklace, and Jar, but not necessarily in the same order.

1. An odd number of boxes are placed above Q, which is placed three boxes above N, which is placed immediately above the box containing Biscuits. 

Here, we have 2 Cases, i.e., Case 1 and Case 2.

Case 1Case 2
BoxesItemsBoxesItems
Q
Q
N
Biscuits
N
Biscuits

 

2. Exactly three boxes are placed between the box containing Biscuits and the box containing sarees. 

Case 1Case 2
BoxesItemsBoxesItems
QSarees
QSarees
N
Biscuits
N
Biscuits

 

3. The box containing the bracelet is placed three boxes below Q. 

Case 1Case 2
BoxesItemsBoxesItems
QSarees
QSarees
NBracelet
Biscuits
NBracelet
Biscuits

 

4. The number of boxes above the box containing the bracelet is equal to the number of boxes below K. 

Case 1Case 2
BoxesItemsBoxesItems
KQSarees
QSareesK
NBracelet
Biscuits
NBracelet
Biscuits

 

5. More than four boxes are placed between the box containing the necklace and the box containing the diary, which is not placed at the bottom. 

Now, we can eliminate Case 1, and we have a subcase of Case 2.

Case 2Case 2a
BoxesItemsBoxesItems
DiaryNecklace
QSareesQSarees
KK
NBraceletNBracelet
BiscuitsBiscuits
Necklace/Diary
Necklace/

 

  1. The box containing the diary and the box containing Jar are adjacent to each other. 

Now, we can eliminate Case 2.

Case 2a
BoxesItems
Necklace
QSarees
K
NBracelet
Biscuits
Diary
Jar

 

7. Exactly one box is placed between L and O. 8. Neither L nor O is placed above the box containing Necklace. 9. The number of boxes between L and O is equal to the number of boxes between L and the box containing Perfume. 

Case 2a
BoxesItems
Necklace
QSarees
KPerfume
NBracelet
LBiscuits
Diary
OJar

 

  1. The box containing Perfume is placed exactly between M and R, where R is below M. 
Case 2a
BoxesItems
MNecklace
QSarees
KPerfume
NBracelet
LBiscuits
RDiary
OJar

 

This is our final arrangement,

Case 2a
BoxesItems
MNecklace
QSarees
PMarker
KPerfume
NBracelet
LBiscuits
RDiary
OJar

 

Hence, the correct answer is L is placed immediately above R.

Directions: In each of the following questions, a statement is given followed by two conclusions. Assume the statements to be true and decide which of the conclusions logically follows.

15

Statement: M ≥ R > T = P; W < U ≤ Y ≤ M

Conclusions:

I. M > W

II. P < Y

  1. ((a))

    Only Conclusion I follows

  2. ((b))

    Only Conclusion II follows

  3. ((c))

    Either Conclusion I or II follows

  4. ((d))

    Neither Conclusion I nor II follows

  5. ((e))

    Both Conclusion I and II follow

Show Answer
Answer: ((a))

Only Conclusion I follows

Statement: M ≥ R > T = P; W < U ≤ Y ≤ M

Conclusions:

I. M > W: True (W < U ≤ Y ≤ M; W < M or M > W)

II. P < Y: False (Y ≤ M ≥ R > T = P; Opposite signs between the elements)

Hence, the correct answer is Only Conclusion I follows.

16

Statement: K = M > Q ≥ R = T ≤ U < V ≤ Y

Conclusions:

I. K ≥ R

II. T < Y

  1. ((a))

    Only Conclusion I follows

  2. ((b))

    Only Conclusion II follows

  3. ((c))

    Either Conclusion I or II follows

  4. ((d))

    Neither Conclusion I nor II follows

  5. ((e))

    Both Conclusion I and II follow

Show Answer
Answer: ((b))

Only Conclusion II follows

Statement: K = M > Q ≥ R = T ≤ U < V ≤ Y

Conclusions:

I. K ≥ R: False (K = M > Q ≥ R; K > R)

II. T < Y: True (T ≤ U < V ≤ Y; T < Y)

Hence, the correct answer is Only Conclusion II follows.

17

Statement: L < P < S ≤ W = X > Z > N

Conclusions:

I. S < X

II. W > N

  1. ((a))

    Only Conclusion I follows

  2. ((b))

    Only Conclusion II follows

  3. ((c))

    Either Conclusion I or II follows

  4. ((d))

    Neither Conclusion I nor II follows

  5. ((e))

    Both Conclusion I and II follow

Show Answer
Answer: ((b))

Only Conclusion II follows

Statement: L < P < S ≤ W = X > Z > N

Conclusions:

I. S < X: False (S ≤ W = X; S ≤ X)

II. W > N: True (W = X > Z > N; W > N)

Hence, the correct answer is Only Conclusion II follows.

Directions: Read the information and answer the given questions.

Seven people, viz., M, R, T, X, L, P, and Q, are seated around a circular table, but not necessarily in the same order. Some of them face inside, while the remaining face outside.

M and P face the same direction. R sits second to the left of M. Q sits between T and X. T and L face opposite directions, while T and Q face the same direction. T sits third to the right of L. R faces inside. P sits immediately right of R. M sits second to the right of X.

18

Who sits immediate right of P?

  1. ((a))

    M

  2. ((b))

    R

  3. ((c))

    X

  4. ((d))

    Q

  5. ((e))

    L

Show Answer
Answer: ((a))

M

Given: Seven people, viz., M, R, T, X, L, P, and Q, are seated around a circular table, but not necessarily in the same order. Some of them face inside, while the remaining face outside.

  1. Q sits between T and X.
  2. M sits second to the right of X.

Here, we have 2 Cases, i.e., Case 1 and Case 2.

  1. R sits second to the left of M.  4. P sits immediately right of R. 

5. R faces inside. 

Now, we can eliminate Case 1.

6. M and P face the same direction.  7. T sits third to the right of L.

  1. T and L face opposite directions, while T and Q face the same direction. 

This is our final arrangement,

Hence, the correct answer is M.

19

How many persons face outside?

  1. ((a))

    Two

  2. ((b))

    Three

  3. ((c))

    Four

  4. ((d))

    One

  5. ((e))

    Five

Show Answer
Answer: ((b))

Three

Given: Seven people, viz., M, R, T, X, L, P, and Q, are seated around a circular table, but not necessarily in the same order. Some of them face inside, while the remaining face outside.

  1. Q sits between T and X.
  2. M sits second to the right of X.

Here, we have 2 Cases, i.e., Case 1 and Case 2.

3. R sits second to the left of M.  4. P sits immediately right of R. 

5. R faces inside. 

Now, we can eliminate Case 1.

6. M and P face the same direction.  7. T sits third to the right of L.

  1. T and L face opposite directions, while T and Q face the same direction. 

This is our final arrangement,

Hence, the correct answer is Three.

20

Who sits second to the left of T?

  1. ((a))

    X

  2. ((b))

    Q

  3. ((c))

    M

  4. ((d))

    P

  5. ((e))

    R

Show Answer
Answer: ((d))

P

Given: Seven people, viz., M, R, T, X, L, P, and Q, are seated around a circular table, but not necessarily in the same order. Some of them face inside, while the remaining face outside.

  1. Q sits between T and X.
  2. M sits second to the right of X.

Here, we have 2 Cases, i.e., Case 1 and Case 2.

3. R sits second to the left of M.  4. P sits immediately right of R. 

5. R faces inside. 

Now, we can eliminate Case 1.

6. M and P face the same direction.  7. T sits third to the right of L.

  1. T and L face opposite directions, while T and Q face the same direction. 

This is our final arrangement,

Hence, the correct answer is P.

21

Which one is odd?

  1. ((a))

    M

  2. ((b))

    R

  3. ((c))

    X

  4. ((d))

    P

  5. ((e))

    L

Show Answer
Answer: ((c))

X

Given: Seven people, viz., M, R, T, X, L, P, and Q, are seated around a circular table, but not necessarily in the same order. Some of them face inside, while the remaining face outside.

  1. Q sits between T and X.
  2. M sits second to the right of X.

Here, we have 2 Cases, i.e., Case 1 and Case 2.

3. R sits second to the left of M.  4. P sits immediately right of R. 

5. R faces inside. 

Now, we can eliminate Case 1.

6. M and P face the same direction.  7. T sits third to the right of L.

  1. T and L face opposite directions, while T and Q face the same direction. 

This is our final arrangement,

Except for X, all others face inside.

Hence, the correct answer is X.

22

Which of the following statements is true?

  1. ((a))

    L sits exactly between R and T.

  2. ((b))

    Q faces inside.

  3. ((c))

    M sits adjacent to T.

  4. ((d))

    P sits second to the right of X.

  5. ((e))

    T faces inside.

Show Answer
Answer: ((a))

L sits exactly between R and T.

Given: Seven people, viz., M, R, T, X, L, P, and Q, are seated around a circular table, but not necessarily in the same order. Some of them face inside, while the remaining face outside.

  1. Q sits between T and X.
  2. M sits second to the right of X.

Here, we have 2 Cases, i.e., Case 1 and Case 2.

3. R sits second to the left of M.  4. P sits immediately right of R. 

5. R faces inside. 

Now, we can eliminate Case 1.

6. M and P face the same direction.  7. T sits third to the right of L.

  1. T and L face opposite directions, while T and Q face the same direction. 

This is our final arrangement,

Hence, the correct answer is L sits exactly between R and T.

23

If it is possible to make a meaningful word using the first, second, fourth, and ninth letters of the word “BACKGROUND”, then what will be the last letter of the word formed? If no such word can be formed, mark the answer as Y. If more than one meaningful word can be formed, mark the answer as X.

  1. ((a))

    D

  2. ((b))

    R

  3. ((c))

    O

  4. ((d))

    Y

  5. ((e))

    X

Show Answer
Answer: ((e))

X

Given word: BACKGROUND

First, second, fourth, and ninth letters of the word = B, A, K, N

Meaningful word = BANK (a regulated financial institution) and NABK (a thorny, shrub-like tree)

Hence, the correct answer is X.

Directions: Read the information and answer the given questions.

Eight persons, namely, A, B, C, D, E, F, G, and H, have their training sessions scheduled in four different months, namely, March, April, June, and August in the year 2025. In each month, the session is arranged either on the 8th or 23rd. Not more than two people have sessions in the same month.

Only three people have their sessions between E and G. E’s training session is on the 8th of the month, having only 30 days. A and G have their sessions neither on the same date nor in the same month. A does not have the session in April. F and D have the same session date but in different months. B has her session on one of the dates before F. Only one person has a session between B and C. Less than four people have sessions between C and H. Only two people have their sessions between A and D.

24

Who has the training session on 8th June?

  1. ((a))

    A

  2. ((b))

    C

  3. ((c))

    E

  4. ((d))

    G

  5. ((e))

    H

Show Answer
Answer: ((c))

E

Given: Eight persons, namely, A, B, C, D, E, F, G, and H, have their training sessions scheduled in four different months, namely, March, April, June, and August in the year 2025. In each month, the session is arranged either on the 8th or 23rd. Not more than two people have sessions in the same month.

  1. E’s training session is on the 8th of the month, having only 30 days. 
  2. Only three people have their sessions between E and G.

Here, we have 2 Cases, i.e., Case 1 and Case 2.

MonthsDatesPersons
Case 1Case 2
March (31)8G
23
April (30)8E
23
June (30)8E
23
August (31)8G
23

 

  1. A and G have their sessions neither on the same date nor in the same month.
  2. A does not have the session in April. 5. Only two people have their sessions between A and D.
MonthsDatesPersons
Case 1Case 2
March (31)8G
23A
April (30)8ED
23
June (30)8DE
23A
August (31)8G
23

 

  1. F and D have the same session date but in different months.
MonthsDatesPersons
Case 1Case 2
March (31)8FG
23A
April (30)8ED
23
June (30)8DE
23A
August (31)8GF
23

 

  1. B has her session on one of the dates before F.

Now, we can eliminate Case 1.

MonthsDatesPersons
Case 2Case 2a
March (31)8GG
23B
April (30)8DD
23B
June (30)8EE
23AA
August (31)8FF
23

 

  1. Only one person has a session between B and C.
MonthsDatesPersons
Case 2Case 2a
March (31)8GG
23CB
April (30)8DD
23BC
June (30)8EE
23AA
August (31)8FF
23

 

  1. Less than four people have sessions between C and H. 

Now, we can eliminate Case 2.

This is our final arrangement,

MonthsDatesPersons
Case 2a
March (31)8G
23B
April (30)8D
23C
June (30)8E
23A
August (31)8F
23H

 

Hence, the correct answer is E.

25

How many persons have their training sessions scheduled between A and H?

  1. ((a))

    None

  2. ((b))

    One

  3. ((c))

    Two

  4. ((d))

    Three

  5. ((e))

    More than three

Show Answer
Answer: ((b))

One

Given: Eight persons, namely, A, B, C, D, E, F, G, and H, have their training sessions scheduled in four different months, namely, March, April, June, and August in the year 2025. In each month, the session is arranged either on the 8th or 23rd. Not more than two people have sessions in the same month.

1. E’s training session is on the 8th of the month, having only 30 days.  2. Only three people have their sessions between E and G.

Here, we have 2 Cases, i.e., Case 1 and Case 2.

MonthsDatesPersons
Case 1Case 2
March (31)8G
23
April (30)8E
23
June (30)8E
23
August (31)8G
23

 

  1. A and G have their sessions neither on the same date nor in the same month.
  2. A does not have the session in April. 5. Only two people have their sessions between A and D.
MonthsDatesPersons
Case 1Case 2
March (31)8G
23A
April (30)8ED
23
June (30)8DE
23A
August (31)8G
23

 

  1. F and D have the same session date but in different months.
MonthsDatesPersons
Case 1Case 2
March (31)8FG
23A
April (30)8ED
23
June (30)8DE
23A
August (31)8GF
23

 

  1. B has her session on one of the dates before F.

Now, we can eliminate Case 1.

MonthsDatesPersons
Case 2Case 2a
March (31)8GG
23B
April (30)8DD
23B
June (30)8EE
23AA
August (31)8FF
23

 

  1. Only one person has a session between B and C.
MonthsDatesPersons
Case 2Case 2a
March (31)8GG
23CB
April (30)8DD
23BC
June (30)8EE
23AA
August (31)8FF
23

 

  1. Less than four people have sessions between C and H. 

Now, we can eliminate Case 2.

This is our final arrangement,

MonthsDatesPersons
Case 2a
March (31)8G
23B
April (30)8D
23C
June (30)8E
23A
August (31)8F
23H

 

Hence, the correct answer is One.

26

In which month is D’s training session scheduled?

  1. ((a))

    March

  2. ((b))

    April

  3. ((c))

    June

  4. ((d))

    August

  5. ((e))

    Can't be determined

Show Answer
Answer: ((b))

April

Given: Eight persons, namely, A, B, C, D, E, F, G, and H, have their training sessions scheduled in four different months, namely, March, April, June, and August in the year 2025. In each month, the session is arranged either on the 8th or 23rd. Not more than two people have sessions in the same month.

1. E’s training session is on the 8th of the month, having only 30 days.  2. Only three people have their sessions between E and G.

Here, we have 2 Cases, i.e., Case 1 and Case 2.

MonthsDatesPersons
Case 1Case 2
March (31)8G
23
April (30)8E
23
June (30)8E
23
August (31)8G
23

 

  1. A and G have their sessions neither on the same date nor in the same month.
  2. A does not have the session in April. 5. Only two people have their sessions between A and D.
MonthsDatesPersons
Case 1Case 2
March (31)8G
23A
April (30)8ED
23
June (30)8DE
23A
August (31)8G
23

 

  1. F and D have the same session date but in different months.
MonthsDatesPersons
Case 1Case 2
March (31)8FG
23A
April (30)8ED
23
June (30)8DE
23A
August (31)8GF
23

 

  1. B has her session on one of the dates before F.

Now, we can eliminate Case 1.

MonthsDatesPersons
Case 2Case 2a
March (31)8GG
23B
April (30)8DD
23B
June (30)8EE
23AA
August (31)8FF
23

 

  1. Only one person has a session between B and C.
MonthsDatesPersons
Case 2Case 2a
March (31)8GG
23CB
April (30)8DD
23BC
June (30)8EE
23AA
August (31)8FF
23

 

  1. Less than four people have sessions between C and H. 

Now, we can eliminate Case 2.

This is our final arrangement,

MonthsDatesPersons
Case 2a
March (31)8G
23B
April (30)8D
23C
June (30)8E
23A
August (31)8F
23H

 

Hence, the correct answer is April.

27

Who among the following has the training session on the same date as B?

  1. ((a))

    H

  2. ((b))

    D

  3. ((c))

    F

  4. ((d))

    G

  5. ((e))

    E

Show Answer
Answer: ((a))

H

Given: Eight persons, namely, A, B, C, D, E, F, G, and H, have their training sessions scheduled in four different months, namely, March, April, June, and August in the year 2025. In each month, the session is arranged either on the 8th or 23rd. Not more than two people have sessions in the same month.

1. E’s training session is on the 8th of the month, having only 30 days.  2. Only three people have their sessions between E and G.

Here, we have 2 Cases, i.e., Case 1 and Case 2.

MonthsDatesPersons
Case 1Case 2
March (31)8G
23
April (30)8E
23
June (30)8E
23
August (31)8G
23

 

  1. A and G have their sessions neither on the same date nor in the same month.
  2. A does not have the session in April. 5. Only two people have their sessions between A and D.
MonthsDatesPersons
Case 1Case 2
March (31)8G
23A
April (30)8ED
23
June (30)8DE
23A
August (31)8G
23

 

  1. F and D have the same session date but in different months.
MonthsDatesPersons
Case 1Case 2
March (31)8FG
23A
April (30)8ED
23
June (30)8DE
23A
August (31)8GF
23

 

  1. B has her session on one of the dates before F.

Now, we can eliminate Case 1.

MonthsDatesPersons
Case 2Case 2a
March (31)8GG
23B
April (30)8DD
23B
June (30)8EE
23AA
August (31)8FF
23

 

  1. Only one person has a session between B and C.
MonthsDatesPersons
Case 2Case 2a
March (31)8GG
23CB
April (30)8DD
23BC
June (30)8EE
23AA
August (31)8FF
23

 

  1. Less than four people have sessions between C and H. 

Now, we can eliminate Case 2.

This is our final arrangement,

MonthsDatesPersons
Case 2a
March (31)8G
23B
April (30)8D
23C
June (30)8E
23A
August (31)8F
23H

 

Hence, the correct answer is H.

28

Which of the following statements is true?

  1. ((a))

    G has training on 23rd March.

  2. ((b))

    A has training on 8th August.

  3. ((c))

    C has training on 23rd June.

  4. ((d))

    H has training on 23rd August.

  5. ((e))

    D has training on 23rd April.

Show Answer
Answer: ((d))

H has training on 23rd August.

Given: Eight persons, namely, A, B, C, D, E, F, G, and H, have their training sessions scheduled in four different months, namely, March, April, June, and August in the year 2025. In each month, the session is arranged either on the 8th or 23rd. Not more than two people have sessions in the same month.

1. E’s training session is on the 8th of the month, having only 30 days.  2. Only three people have their sessions between E and G.

Here, we have 2 Cases, i.e., Case 1 and Case 2.

MonthsDatesPersons
Case 1Case 2
March (31)8G
23
April (30)8E
23
June (30)8E
23
August (31)8G
23

 

  1. A and G have their sessions neither on the same date nor in the same month.
  2. A does not have the session in April. 5. Only two people have their sessions between A and D.
MonthsDatesPersons
Case 1Case 2
March (31)8G
23A
April (30)8ED
23
June (30)8DE
23A
August (31)8G
23

 

  1. F and D have the same session date but in different months.
MonthsDatesPersons
Case 1Case 2
March (31)8FG
23A
April (30)8ED
23
June (30)8DE
23A
August (31)8GF
23

 

  1. B has her session on one of the dates before F.

Now, we can eliminate Case 1.

MonthsDatesPersons
Case 2Case 2a
March (31)8GG
23B
April (30)8DD
23B
June (30)8EE
23AA
August (31)8FF
23

 

  1. Only one person has a session between B and C.
MonthsDatesPersons
Case 2Case 2a
March (31)8GG
23CB
April (30)8DD
23BC
June (30)8EE
23AA
August (31)8FF
23

 

  1. Less than four people have sessions between C and H. 

Now, we can eliminate Case 2.

This is our final arrangement,

MonthsDatesPersons
Case 2a
March (31)8G
23B
April (30)8D
23C
June (30)8E
23A
August (31)8F
23H

 

Hence, the correct answer is H has training on 23rd August.

29

Directions: In each of the following questions, three statements are followed by three conclusions numbered I, II, and III. Take the given statements to be true even if they seem to be at variance with commonly known facts. Read all the statements carefully and decide which of the conclusions logically follow.

Statements:

I. Only a few rivers are lakes.

II. All lakes are ponds.

III. No pond is a sea.

Conclusions:

I. Some rivers are ponds.

II. Some rivers are not seas.

III. No lake is a sea.

  1. ((a))

    Only Conclusion I follows

  2. ((b))

    Only Conclusion II follows

  3. ((c))

    Only Conclusion III follows

  4. ((d))

    Only Conclusion I and II follow

  5. ((e))

    All conclusions I, II, and III follow

Show Answer
Answer: ((e))

All conclusions I, II, and III follow

The possible Venn diagram is,

Conclusions:

I. Some rivers are ponds.: Follows (As only a few rivers are lakes and all lakes are ponds, so some rivers are ponds is true.)

II. Some rivers are not seas.: Follows (As only a few rivers are lakes, all lakes are ponds, and no pond is a sea, so some rivers are not seas is true.)

III. No lake is a sea.: Follows (As all lakes are ponds, and no pond is a sea, so no lake is a sea is true.)

Hence, the correct answer is All conclusions I, II, and III follow.

30

Directions: In each of the following questions, three statements are followed by three conclusions numbered I, II, and III. Take the given statements to be true even if they seem to be at variance with commonly known facts. Read all the statements carefully and decide which of the conclusions logically follow.

Statements:

I. All apples are fruits.

II. A few fruits are baskets.

III. No basket is a box.

Conclusions:

I. Some apples are fruits.

II. Some fruits are not boxes.

III. No apple is a box.

  1. ((a))

    Only Conclusion I follows

  2. ((b))

    Only Conclusion II follows

  3. ((c))

    Only Conclusion III follows

  4. ((d))

    Only Conclusions I and II follow

  5. ((e))

    Only Conclusions II and III follow

Show Answer
Answer: ((d))

Only Conclusions I and II follow

The possible Venn diagram is,

Conclusions:

I. Some apples are fruits.: Follows (As all apples are fruits, so some apples are fruits is true.)

II. Some fruits are not boxes.: Follows (As the part of the fruit that is a basket is not a part of the box.)

III. No apple is a box.: Doesn't follow (As there is no direct relation is given between the elements.)

Hence, the correct answer is Only conclusions I and II follow.

31

Directions: In each of the following questions, three statements are followed by three conclusions numbered I, II, and III. Take the given statements to be true even if they seem to be at variance with commonly known facts. Read all the statements carefully and decide which of the conclusions logically follow.

Statements:

I. Only a few pens are books.

II. No book is a table.

III. Some tables are chairs.

Conclusions:

I. Some chairs are not books.

II. Some pens are not tables.

III. No pen is a chair.

  1. ((a))

    Only Conclusion I follows

  2. ((b))

    Only Conclusion II follows

  3. ((c))

    Only Conclusion III follows

  4. ((d))

    Only Conclusions I and II follow

  5. ((e))

    Only Conclusions II and III follow

Show Answer
Answer: ((d))

Only Conclusions I and II follow

The possible Venn diagram is,

Conclusions:

I. Some chairs are not books.: Follows (The part of the chair that is the table is not a part of the book)

II. Some pens are not tables.: Follows (The part of the pen that is the book is not a part of the table)

III. No pen is a chair.: Doesn't follow (As there is no direct relation is given between the elements)

Hence, the correct answer is Only conclusions I and II follow.

32

How many such pairs of digits are there in the number 582739146 that have as many digits between them in the given number as in the natural number series, both in forward and backward direction?

  1. ((a))

    One

  2. ((b))

    Two

  3. ((c))

    Three

  4. ((d))

    None

  5. ((e))

    More than three

Show Answer
Answer: ((c))

Three

Given number: 582739146

Number582739146

 

Hence, the correct answer is Three.

Directions: Read the information and answer the given questions.

Rohan started walking from point A in the north direction. After walking 8 m, he reached point B and turned right to cover a distance of 6 m to reach point C. He then turned left from point C and walked 9 m to reach point D. After that, he again turned left and walked 7 m to reach point E. From point E, he took a right turn and reached the Library, which is 5 m away from point E.

33

What is the distance between point A to point E?

  1. ((a))

    28 m

  2. ((b))

    30 m

  3. ((c))

    32 m

  4. ((d))

    24 m

  5. ((e))

    36 m

Show Answer
Answer: ((b))

30 m

Given: Rohan started walking from point A in the north direction.

  1. After walking 8 m, he reached point B and turned right to cover a distance of 6 m to reach point C.
  2. He then turned left from point C and walked 9 m to reach point D.

  1. After that, he again turned left and walked 7 m to reach point E.
  2. From point E, he took a right turn and reached the Library, which is 5 m away from point E.

The possible diagram is,

Distance = 8 + 6 + 9 + 7 = 30 m

Hence, the correct answer is 30 m.

34

In which direction is the Library with respect to point A?

  1. ((a))

    North-East

  2. ((b))

    North-West

  3. ((c))

    South-East

  4. ((d))

    South-West

  5. ((e))

    East

Show Answer
Answer: ((b))

North-West

Given: Rohan started walking from point A in the north direction.

  1. After walking 8 m, he reached point B and turned right to cover a distance of 6 m to reach point C.
  2. He then turned left from point C and walked 9 m to reach point D.

  1. After that, he again turned left and walked 7 m to reach point E.
  2. From point E, he took a right turn and reached the Library, which is 5 m away from point E.

The possible diagram is,

Hence, the correct answer is North-West.

35

If Rohan walks directly from point C to point E, what will be the shortest distance?

  1. ((a))

    7 m

  2. ((b))

    8√2 m

  3. ((c))

    √130 m

  4. ((d))

    10 m

  5. ((e))

    12 m

Show Answer
Answer: ((c))

√130 m

Given: Rohan started walking from point A in the north direction.

  1. After walking 8 m, he reached point B and turned right to cover a distance of 6 m to reach point C.
  2. He then turned left from point C and walked 9 m to reach point D.

  1. After that, he again turned left and walked 7 m to reach point E.
  2. From point E, he took a right turn and reached the Library, which is 5 m away from point E.

The possible diagram is,

Shortest Distance = √(9)2 + (7)2 = √(81 + 49) = √130 m

Hence, the correct answer is √130 m.

English Language (30 questions)

Direction: Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions that follow.

Homelessness remains a major issue worldwide, affecting millions of people who find themselves without a stable and secure place to live. The causes of homelessness are manifold, ranging from economic hardships to personal and family crises, and addressing this multifaceted problem requires a holistic approach encompassing both policy changes and community support. One of the significant factors contributing to homelessness is the disparity between rising house rents and stagnant wages. Over the years, rental prices have soared in major urban centres, making it increasingly difficult for low- and middle-income families to afford decent housing. This phenomenon can be attributed to various reasons, including real estate market dynamics, increased demand for urban housing, and speculative investments in property markets. The mismatch between income levels and housing costs means that a considerable section of the population is perpetually at risk of slipping into homelessness.

Statistics reveal that roughly 50% of renters are spending more than 30% of their income on housing costs, a benchmark that often signals housing insecurity. This burden is even more pronounced among low-income households and vulnerable populations such as single parents, the elderly, and individuals with disabilities. When rent consumes such a large portion of one's income, it leaves little room for other essential expenses like food, healthcare, and education, thus setting off a chain reaction that can lead to financial instability and, ultimately, homelessness. In recent years, efforts to address homelessness have seen a growing emphasis on preventative measures and supportive housing models. One promising approach is the "Housing First" model, which prioritises providing permanent housing to individuals experiencing homelessness without preconditions such as _______ or employment. Research has shown that stable housing is a crucial first step in enabling people to address the underlying causes of their homelessness and rebuild their lives. Communities adopting the Housing First model have reported significant improvements in housing retention rates and reductions in the use of emergency services, such as shelters and hospitals. By providing permanent housing along with support services tailored to individual needs, this approach not only helps people transition out of homelessness but also fosters a sense of stability and dignity. Furthermore, addressing the issue of skyrocketing house rents is essential to preventing homelessness. Policy interventions such as rent control, affordable housing development, and housing subsidies for low-income families can play pivotal roles in making housing more accessible. Governments at various levels need to work collaboratively with non-profit organisations and private sectors to forge comprehensive strategies that ensure adequate and affordable housing for all. Equally important are community-based initiatives that focus on building supportive networks for individuals at risk of homelessness. These initiatives often include job training programmes, mental health services, and financial literacy education, which equip individuals with the skills and resources necessary to maintain stable housing. In conclusion, homelessness is a complex and persistent issue that necessitates a multifaceted response. Comparing house rents and the economic realities faced by vulnerable populations reveals a pressing need for affordable housing solutions and supportive measures. By combining immediate relief efforts like the Housing First model with long-term strategies to control rental prices and provide supportive services, society can make significant strides in reviving people from homelessness and preventing future cases. The path to ending homelessness may be challenging, but with concerted effort and compassionate policies, it is an attainable goal.

36

According to the passage, which of the following is cited as a significant factor contributing to homelessness?

  1. ((a))

    Increased population growth

  2. ((b))

    Rising housing rents and stagnant wages

  3. ((c))

    Decreased urban housing demand

  4. ((d))

    Government intervention

  5. ((e))

    Decline in speculative investments

Show Answer
Answer: ((b))

Rising housing rents and stagnant wages

The correct answer is Option 2.

 

Key Points

  • The passage discusses the disparity between rising housing rents and stagnant wages as a major factor contributing to homelessness.
  • It highlights how rental prices have increased significantly in urban centers while wages have not kept pace, putting low- and middle-income families at risk.
  • This mismatch between income levels and housing costs is identified as causing housing insecurity and financial instability, ultimately leading to homelessness.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 2.

 

Additional Information

  • Option 1: Increased population growth is not mentioned as a significant factor in the passage.
  • Option 3: Decreased urban housing demand contradicts the passage’s mention of increased demand for urban housing.
  • Option 4: Government intervention is discussed as a necessary measure to address homelessness, not as a contributing factor.
  • Option 5: Decline in speculative investments is not mentioned as a factor contributing to homelessness.
37

Which of the following benchmarks signals housing insecurity according to the passage?

  1. ((a))

    Spending more than 10% of income on housing costs

  2. ((b))

    Spending more than 20% of income on housing costs

  3. ((c))

    Spending more than 30% of income on housing costs

  4. ((d))

    Spending more than 40% of income on housing costs

  5. ((e))

    Spending more than 50% of income on housing costs

Show Answer
Answer: ((c))

Spending more than 30% of income on housing costs

The correct answer is Option 3.

 

Key Points

  • The passage mentions that roughly 50% of renters are spending more than 30% of their income on housing costs.
  • Spending more than 30% of one's income on housing is identified as a benchmark that often signals housing insecurity.
  • When such a large portion of income is spent on housing, it can lead to financial instability and increase the risk of homelessness.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 3.

 

Additional Information

  • Option 1: Spending more than 10% of income is not mentioned as a benchmark for housing insecurity.
  • Option 2: Spending more than 20% of income is not mentioned as a benchmark for housing insecurity.
  • Option 4: Spending more than 40% of income is not mentioned as a benchmark for housing insecurity in the passage.
  • Option 5: Spending more than 50% of income is not mentioned as a benchmark for housing insecurity in the passage.
38

Which of the following can be inferred as an indirect benefit of the Housing First model?

  1. ((a))

    Increased employment rates among homeless individuals

  2. ((b))

    Reductions in the use of emergency services

  3. ((c))

    Decreased demand for urban housing

  4. ((d))

    Increased real estate market dynamics

  5. ((e))

    Greater speculative investments in property markets

Show Answer
Answer: ((b))

Reductions in the use of emergency services

The correct answer is 'Option 2'.

 

Key Points

  • A) Decreased use of emergency services such as shelters and hospitals.
  • This can be inferred from the passage. The passage explicitly mentions that communities adopting the Housing First model have reported significant improvements in housing retention rates and reductions in the use of emergency services.
  • B) Increased employment rates among homeless individuals.
  • This cannot be inferred from the passage as there is no mention of employment rates in relation to the Housing First model.
  • C) Decreased demand for urban housing.
  • This cannot be inferred from the passage as the demand for urban housing is influenced by various factors not directly related to the Housing First model.
  • D) Increased real estate market dynamics.
  • This cannot be inferred from the passage as real estate market dynamics are influenced by broader economic factors and speculative investments.
  • E) Greater speculative investments in property markets.
  • This cannot be inferred from the passage as speculative investments are typically unrelated to homelessness solutions.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 2

 

Additional Information

  • Option 1: Incorrect because the passage does not link the Housing First model directly to increased employment rates among homeless individuals.
  • Option 3: Incorrect because decreased demand for urban housing is not related to the Housing First model.
  • Option 4: Incorrect because increased real estate market dynamics are not influenced by the Housing First model.
  • Option 5: Incorrect because greater speculative investments in property markets are unrelated to homelessness solutions.
39

What will fit in the blank taken from the passage: "One promising approach is the "Housing First" model, which prioritises providing permanent housing to individuals experiencing homelessness without preconditions such as _______ or employment."

  1. ((a))

    sobriety

  2. ((b))

    security

  3. ((c))

    mental health

  4. ((d))

    family support

  5. ((e))

    education

Show Answer
Answer: ((a))

sobriety

The correct answer is 'sobriety'.

 

Key Points

  • The word "sobriety" refers to the state of being sober and not under the influence of alcohol or drugs.
  • The Housing First model aims to provide housing without preconditions such as sobriety, allowing individuals to have stable housing as a foundation to address other issues.
  • The other options: "security," "mental health," "family support," and "education" do not fit the context as appropriately.

​Therefore, the correct answer is 'Option 1'.

Complete Sentence: One promising approach is the "Housing First" model, which prioritises providing permanent housing to individuals experiencing homelessness without preconditions such as sobriety or employment.

Additional Information

  • Security (सुरक्षा): means the state of being free from danger or threat.
  • Mental health (मानसिक स्वास्थ्य): means a person's condition with regard to their psychological and emotional well-being.
  • Family support (पारिवारिक समर्थन): refers to the financial, emotional, or social assistance given by family members.
  • Education (शिक्षा): means the process of receiving or giving systematic instruction, especially at a school or university.
40

According to the passage, which of the following statements is incorrect?

A) Approximately 50% of renters spend more than 30% of their income on housing costs.

B) The Housing First model includes preconditions such as sobriety.

C) Stable housing is crucial for addressing the underlying causes of homelessness.

  1. ((a))

    Only A

  2. ((b))

    Only B

  3. ((c))

    Only C

  4. ((d))

    A and B

  5. ((e))

    B and C

Show Answer
Answer: ((b))

Only B

The correct answer is Option 2.

 

Key Points

  • Statement A: Approximately 50% of renters spend more than 30% of their income on housing costs.
  • This statement is correct as it accurately reflects the context provided in the passage.
  • Statement B: The Housing First model includes preconditions such as sobriety.
  • The passage mentions that the Housing First model does not include preconditions such as sobriety.
  • Statement C: Stable housing is crucial for addressing the underlying causes of homelessness.
  • This statement is correct as it aligns with the information provided in the passage about the importance of stable housing.

Therefore, the correct answer is: Only B.

41

According to the passage, which of the following statements is correct?

A) Policy interventions to address high rental costs include rent control and affordable housing development.

B) Personal crises are not considered a cause of homelessness.

C) Communities using the Housing First model have seen increases in speculative investment in property.

  1. ((a))

    Only A

  2. ((b))

    Only B

  3. ((c))

    Only C

  4. ((d))

    A and B

  5. ((e))

    B and C

Show Answer
Answer: ((a))

Only A

The correct answer is Option 1.

 

Key Points

  • Statement A: Policy interventions to address high rental costs include rent control and affordable housing development.
  • This statement is correct as it accurately reflects the context provided in the passage about policy interventions to make housing more accessible.
  • Statement B: Personal crises are not considered a cause of homelessness.
  • This statement is incorrect because the passage clearly mentions personal and family crises as one of the causes of homelessness.
  • Statement C: Communities using the Housing First model have seen increases in speculative investment in property.
  • This statement is incorrect as the passage does not indicate any link between the Housing First model and speculative investment in property.

Therefore, the correct answer is: Only A.

42

Which of the following words is similar in meaning to “major” in the context of the passage?

  1. ((a))

    trivial

  2. ((b))

    substantial

  3. ((c))

    minor

  4. ((d))

    inconsequential

  5. ((e))

    slight

Show Answer
Answer: ((b))

substantial

The correct answer is: substantial.

Key Points

  • The word "major" means something that is very important or large in number, quantity, or degree. (महत्वपूर्ण)
  • Example: Poverty is a major problem that needs immediate attention.
  • "substantial" means something that is of considerable importance, size, or worth. (महत्वपूर्ण)
  • Example: The company made a substantial investment in new technology.
  • Hence, we can infer that the word similar in meaning to 'major' is 'substantial'.

Therefore, the correct answer is: substantial.

Additional Information

Here are the other options explained along with their Hindi meanings and example sentences:

  • trivial (तुच्छ): Something that is of little importance or value.
  • Example: She often gets upset over trivial matters.
  • minor (अन्याई): Something that is lesser in importance or degree.
  • Example: He suffered minor injuries from the accident.
  • inconsequential (अमहत्त्वपूर्ण): Something that is not important or significant.
  • Example: The typo in the report was inconsequential to the overall impact.
  • slight (थोड़ा): Something that is small in degree or amount.
  • Example: There was a slight improvement in his condition.
43

Which of the following words is similar in meaning to "issue" in the context of the passage?

  1. ((a))

    solution

  2. ((b))

    motive

  3. ((c))

    controversy

  4. ((d))

    agreement

  5. ((e))

    benefit

Show Answer
Answer: ((c))

controversy

The correct answer is: controversy.

Key Points

  • The word "issue" means a problem or a matter that is in dispute or under discussion. (मुद्दा)
  • Example: The government is working to resolve the issue of air pollution.
  • "controversy" refers to a prolonged public dispute or debate. (विवाद)
  • Example: The new policy sparked a lot of controversy among citizens.
  • Hence, we can infer that the word similar in meaning to 'issue' is 'controversy'.

Therefore, the correct answer is: controversy.

Additional Information

Here are the other options explained along with their Hindi meanings and example sentences:

  • solution (समाधान): A means of solving a problem or dealing with a difficult situation.
  • Example: The engineers are working hard to find a solution to the technical glitch.
  • motive (उद्देश्य): A reason for doing something; the incentive.
  • Example: Her motive for volunteering was purely philanthropic.
  • agreement (समझौता): A mutual arrangement between parties regarding terms and conditions.
  • Example: The two companies reached an agreement on the merger terms.
  • benefit (लाभ): An advantage or profit gained from something.
  • Example: Regular exercise has numerous health benefits.
44

Which of the following words is opposite in meaning to "roughly" in the context of the passage?

  1. ((a))

    exactly

  2. ((b))

    rarely

  3. ((c))

    usually

  4. ((d))

    occasionally

  5. ((e))

    frequently

Show Answer
Answer: ((a))

exactly

The correct answer is: exactly.

Key Points

  • The word "roughly" means approximately or nearly, not precisely. (लगभग)
  • Example: The new park covers roughly 10 acres of land.
  • "exactly" means in a precise manner or without any error. (ठीक)
  • Example: She knew exactly what to do in the emergency situation.
  • Hence, we can infer that the opposite of 'roughly' is 'exactly'.

Therefore, the correct answer is: exactly.

Additional Information

Here are the other options explained along with their Hindi meanings and example sentences:

  • rarely (कभी-कभी): Something that does not happen often.
  • Example: She rarely visits her hometown.
  • usually (आमतौर पर): Something that happens most of the time or in a regular manner.
  • Example: He usually goes for a walk in the morning.
  • occasionally (कभी-कभी): Something that happens from time to time, but not regularly.
  • Example: She occasionally attends yoga classes.
  • frequently (अक्सर): Something that happens often or many times.
  • Example: He frequently travels for work.
45

In the following sentence, some parts have errors and some are correct. Find out which part has an error and mark it as your answer. If there is no error, mark ‘No error’ as your answer.

Until you have (A)/ purchased tickets you won't (B)/ be able to attend the dance show (C)/ which is about to start in a few minutes. (D)/ No error (E)

  1. ((a))

    A

  2. ((b))

    B

  3. ((c))

    C

  4. ((d))

    D

  5. ((e))

    E

Show Answer
Answer: ((e))

E

The correct answer is Option 5.

 

Key Points

  • The given sentence is grammatically correct and does not contain any errors in syntax, tense, or vocabulary.
  • The word "Until" is used correctly as a subordinating conjunction to indicate a time-based condition (up to the point that).
  • The use of the present perfect tense ("have purchased") in the subordinate clause to refer to a completed action in the future is a standard and correct grammatical construction.
  • The main clause "you won't be able to attend" correctly uses the future tense to show the result of the condition.
  • Thus, there is no error in any part of the sentence.

Therefore, the correct answer is E.

 

Correct Sentence: "Until you have purchased tickets you won't be able to attend the dance show which is about to start in a few minutes."

 

Additional Information

  • A: "Until you have" – This part is correct; "Until" sets up the time-dependent condition.
  • B: "purchased tickets you won't" – This part is correct; "purchased" is the correct past participle for the present perfect tense.
  • C: "be able to attend the dance show" – This part is correct; "attend" is used correctly as a transitive verb meaning to be present at an event.
  • D: "which is about to start in a few minutes." – This part is correct; "which" is a relative pronoun correctly introducing the clause describing the show, and "about to" correctly indicates an immediate future action.
46

In the following sentence, some parts have errors and some are correct. Find out which part has an error and mark it as your answer. If there is no error, mark ‘No error’ as your answer. 

If I inherit a million dollars (A)/ I would sponsor an organization to (B)/ support an activity and primarily (C)/ to reach specified business goals. (D)/ No error (E)

  1. ((a))

    A

  2. ((b))

    B

  3. ((c))

    C

  4. ((d))

    D

  5. ((e))

    E

Show Answer
Answer: ((a))

A

The correct answer is Option 1.

 

Key Points

  • The sentence describes a hypothetical or imaginary situation (inheriting a million dollars), which requires the second conditional structure.
  • The rule for the second conditional is: If + Simple Past (condition clause), would + base verb (result clause).
  • In the given sentence, the result clause "I would sponsor" is correct, but the condition clause uses the simple present "inherit."
  • To maintain grammatical consistency, "inherit" must be changed to the simple past "inherited."
  • Thus, the error is located in part A of the sentence.

Therefore, the correct answer is A.

 

Correct Sentence: "If I inherited a million dollars, I would sponsor an organization to support an activity and primarily to reach specified business goals."

 

Additional Information

  • B: "I would sponsor an organization to" – This part is correct as it follows the "would + base verb" structure for a second conditional result clause.
  • C: "support an activity and primarily" – This part is correct and acts as an infinitive phrase (to support) following the purpose established in Part B.
  • D: "to reach specified business goals." – This part is grammatically correct and maintains parallelism with "to support" in the previous clause.
  • No error – This option is incorrect because the tense mismatch in part A constitutes a grammatical error.
47

In the following sentence, some parts have errors and some are correct. Find out which part has an error and mark it as your answer. If there is no error, mark ‘No error’ as your answer. 

If you had told me (A)/ in the morning that you (B)/ wanted to go to a movie (C)/ tonight I would came home earlier. (D)/ No error (E)

  1. ((a))

    A

  2. ((b))

    B

  3. ((c))

    C

  4. ((d))

    D

  5. ((e))

    E

Show Answer
Answer: ((d))

D

The correct answer is Option 4.

 

Key Points

  • The error lies in part D of the sentence.
  • The sentence follows the Third Conditional structure, which is used to talk about hypothetical situations in the past.
  • The structure of the Third Conditional is: If + past perfect (had + V3), ... would have + past participle (V3).
  • In the given sentence, the condition is "If you had told me" (past perfect), so the result clause should be "I would have come" instead of "I would came."
  • Additionally, "would" is a modal verb and must be followed by the base form of the verb (come) or "have + V3," never the past tense form "came."

Therefore, the correct answer is D.

 

Correct Sentence: "If you had told me in the morning that you wanted to go to a movie tonight, I would have come home earlier."

 

Additional Information

  • A: "If you had told me" – This is the correct past perfect form for the 'if' clause in a third conditional sentence.
  • B: "in the morning that you" – This part is grammatically correct and functions as a time adverbial and a relative clause connector.
  • C: "wanted to go to a movie" – This part is grammatically correct.
  • E: "No error" – This is incorrect because there is a clear grammatical error in the tense/modal usage in part D.
48

In the following sentence, some parts have errors and some are correct. Find out which part has an error and mark it as your answer. If there is no error, mark ‘No error’ as your answer. 

If sleep-inducing capsules will help (A) me fall asleep, I will take (B)/ a couple of capsules tonight (C)/ as I am suffering from Insomnia. (D)/ No error (E)

  1. ((a))

    A

  2. ((b))

    B

  3. ((c))

    C

  4. ((d))

    D

  5. ((e))

    E

Show Answer
Answer: ((a))

A

The correct answer is Option 1.

 

Key Points

  • The primary error in the sentence lies in part A due to the incorrect use of tense in a conditional clause.
  • In Type 1 conditional sentences (which refer to a possible condition and its probable result), the "if" clause should be in the simple present tense, while the main clause is in the simple future tense.
  • The phrase "will help" should be replaced with "help" because we do not use the future auxiliary "will" immediately after "if" when expressing a condition.
  • Thus, the error is located in part A of the sentence.

Therefore, the correct answer is A.

 

Correct Sentence: "If sleep-inducing capsules help me fall asleep, I will take a couple of capsules tonight as I am suffering from Insomnia."

 

Additional Information

  • B: "me fall asleep, I will take" – This part is correct as it uses the simple future tense ("will take") for the result clause.
  • C: "a couple of capsules tonight" – This part is grammatically sound, referring to the quantity and time.
  • D: "as I am suffering from Insomnia." – This part correctly uses the present continuous tense to describe a currently persisting condition.
  • No error (E) – This option is incorrect because there is a specific grammatical error in the first segment.
49

In the following sentence, some parts have errors and some are correct. Find out which part has an error and mark it as your answer. If there is no error, mark ‘No error’ as your answer.

It was quite apparent that the Centre (A)/ is averse to the elevation of Justice Kureshi, (B)/ who is from the Gujarat High Court, (C)/ but serving in the Bombay High Court on transfer. (D)/ No error (E)

  1. ((a))

    A

  2. ((b))

    B

  3. ((c))

    C

  4. ((d))

    D

  5. ((e))

    E

Show Answer
Answer: ((b))

B

The correct answer is Option 2.

 

Key Points

  • The primary error in the sentence is a lack of tense consistency.
  • The sentence begins with the past tense phrase "It was quite apparent," which establishes the timeframe of the statement in the past.
  • According to the rule of sequence of tenses, if the principal clause is in the past tense, the subordinate clause should generally follow in the past tense as well.
  • Therefore, the present tense verb "is" in part B should be replaced with the past tense verb "was" to match the main clause.
  • Thus, the error is located in part B of the sentence.

Therefore, the correct answer is B.

 

Correct Sentence: "It was quite apparent that the Centre was averse to the elevation of Justice Kureshi, who is from the Gujarat High Court, but serving in the Bombay High Court on transfer."

 

Additional Information

  • A: "It was quite apparent that the Centre" – This part correctly sets the sentence in the past tense.
  • C: "who is from the Gujarat High Court," – This part describes a permanent fact about the person, though in strict sequence of tenses, "was" could also be used; however, the primary error is the immediate conflict in part B.
  • D: "but serving in the Bombay High Court on transfer." – This part functions correctly as a participial phrase or a continuation of the description.
  • No error – This is incorrect because the tense mismatch in part B constitutes a grammatical error.
50

A sentence/ a part of sentence underlined.5 alternatives are given to underlined part which will improve the meaning of the sentence. Choose the correct alternative. In case, no improvement is needed, click the option corresponding to 'no improvement'

Sushant bought 3 dozens bananas and a 5-kilogram apple for a total of Rs. 500 in the supermarket near Wadala station.

  1. ((a))

    3 dozon

  2. ((b))

    3 dozen

  3. ((c))

    3 dosen

  4. ((d))

    3 dozenss

  5. ((e))

    No improvement

Show Answer
Answer: ((b))

3 dozen

The Correct Answer is Option B

Key Points 

  • The error is in use of 3 dozens
  • Nouns expressing numbers like hundred, dozen, score, etc. are used in singular with numerical adjectives.
  • Hence 'Dozens' is an incorrect option it should be replaced with dozen.

Correct answer - Sushant bought 3 dozen bananas and a 5-kilogram apple for a total of Rs. 500 in the supermarket near Wadala station*.*

Additional Information

  • The Noun is Part of the sentence which defines persons, Place or things.
  • Helping verbs in the sentence are decided with the help of a noun or subject.
  • Some Nouns expressing numbers are considered singular.
  • Eg. Thousand, Million, Billion, Gross,  Etc.
51

A sentence/ a part of sentence underlined.5 alternatives are given to underlined part which will improve the meaning of the sentence. Choose the correct alternative. In case, no improvement is needed, click the option corresponding to 'no improvement'

The Government has sanctioned  4 millions rupees for this project which is highest ever for any dam construction.

  1. ((a))

    million rupees

  2. ((b))

    millions rupee

  3. ((c))

    million rupee

  4. ((d))

    millions rupes

  5. ((e))

    No improvement

Show Answer
Answer: ((a))

million rupees

The correct answer is Option 1.

Key Points

  • In the given sentence use 'millions rupees' is incorrect.
  • Nouns expressing numbers like hundred, dozen, score, etc are used in singular with numerical adjectives.
  • These nouns are Thousand, Million, Billion, Gross,  Etc.
  • Hence in the given sentence 'millions rupees' should be replaced with 'million rupees'

Correct answer - The government has sanctioned  4 million rupees for this project.

Additional Information 

  • The Noun is Part of the sentence which defines persons, Place or things.
  • Helping verbs in the sentence are decided with the help of a noun or subject.
  • Noun expressing numbers are considered singular.
  • Eg. Hundred, Pair, Score, Stone, Dozen,

Below are given some sentences out of which the sentence numbered 4 has been correctly placed. The rest of the sentences A, B, C, D, E, F need to be arranged correctly in order to form a logical order.

A. The terms "popular music" and "pop music" are often used interchangeably, although the former describes all music that is popular and includes many diverse styles.

B. "Pop" and "rock" were roughly synonymous terms until the late 1960s when they became increasingly differentiated from each other.

C. Pop music is a genre of popular music that originated in its modern form in the United States and the United Kingdom during the mid-1950s.

  1. Although much of the music that appears on record charts is seen as pop music, the genre is distinct from chart music.

D. These core elements include generally short to medium-length songs written in a basic format, as well as the common use of repeated choruses, melodic tunes, and hooks.

E. Pop music is eclectic, and often borrows elements from other styles such as urban, dance, rock, Latin and country. 

F. Nonetheless, there are certain core elements that define pop music.

52

Which of the following is the FIRST statement?

  1. ((a))

    F

  2. ((b))

    C

  3. ((c))

    D

  4. ((d))

    B

  5. ((e))

    E

Show Answer
Answer: ((b))

C

The correct answer is 'C'

Key Points

  • C introduces us to the theme of the paragraph, which is, pop music.
  • AB is a pair and will follow C since they mention the various terms associated with pop music.
  • E will follow 4 by mentioning the eclectic nature of pop music.
  • FD is a pair since they both talk about the core elements of pop music.
  • D with ‘these core elements’ will follow F.

The correct order is CAB4EFD.

The FIRST statement is C.

53

Which of the following is the SECOND statement?

  1. ((a))

    F

  2. ((b))

    A

  3. ((c))

    D

  4. ((d))

    B

  5. ((e))

    C

Show Answer
Answer: ((b))

A

The correct answer is 'A'

Key Points

  • C introduces us to the theme of the paragraph, which is, pop music.
  • AB is a pair and will follow C since they mention the various terms associated with pop music.
  • E will follow 4 by mentioning the eclectic nature of pop music.
  • FD is a pair since they both talk about the core elements of pop music.
  • D with ‘these core elements’ will follow F.

The correct order is CAB4EFD.

The SECOND statement is A.

54

Which of the following is the THIRD statement?

  1. ((a))

    F

  2. ((b))

    A

  3. ((c))

    D

  4. ((d))

    B

  5. ((e))

    C

Show Answer
Answer: ((d))

B

The correct answer is 'B'

Key Points

  • C introduces us to the theme of the paragraph, which is, pop music.
  • AB is a pair and will follow C since they mention the various terms associated with pop music.
  • E will follow 4 by mentioning the eclectic nature of pop music.
  • FD is a pair since they both talk about the core elements of pop music.
  • D with ‘these core elements’ will follow F.

The correct order is CAB4EFD.

The THIRD statement is B.

55

Which of the following is the SIXTH statement?

  1. ((a))

    F

  2. ((b))

    A

  3. ((c))

    D

  4. ((d))

    B

  5. ((e))

    C

Show Answer
Answer: ((a))

F

The correct answer is 'F'

Key Points

  • C introduces us to the theme of the paragraph, which is, pop music.
  • AB is a pair and will follow C since they mention the various terms associated with pop music.
  • E will follow 4 by mentioning the eclectic nature of pop music.
  • FD is a pair since they both talk about the core elements of pop music.
  • D with ‘these core elements’ will follow F.

The correct order is CAB4EFD.

The SIXTH statement is F.

56

Which of the following is the SEVENTH statement?

  1. ((a))

    F

  2. ((b))

    A

  3. ((c))

    D

  4. ((d))

    B

  5. ((e))

    C

Show Answer
Answer: ((c))

D

The correct answer is 'D'

Key Points

  • C introduces us to the theme of the paragraph, which is, pop music.
  • AB is a pair and will follow C since they mention the various terms associated with pop music.
  • E will follow 4 by mentioning the eclectic nature of pop music.
  • FD is a pair since they both talk about the core elements of pop music.
  • D with ‘these core elements’ will follow F.

The correct order is CAB4EFD.

The SEVENTH statement is D.

57

Direction: Evaluate the following phrase, accompanied by three sentences containing it. Determine the sentence(s) that accurately convey the meaning of the given phrase.

Cut corners

A. The company decided to cut corners on materials, leading to a lower quality product.

B. She cut corners while preparing the report, but it still turned out excellent.

C. After taking a cut corners class, he became more efficient in his time management.

  1. ((a))

    Only A

  2. ((b))

    Both A & B

  3. ((c))

    Only C

  4. ((d))

    All A, B & C

  5. ((e))

    None of these

Show Answer
Answer: ((b))

Both A & B

The correct answer is option 2.

Key Points

  • To answer this question, let's first understand the meaning of the phrase given in the question:
  • Cut corners: to do something in the easiest or shortest way, which usually involves omitting something important or reducing quality. (काम को बढ़िया ढंग से करने के बजाय, उसका आसान तरीका अपनाना)
  • Now, let's examine the given sentences:
  • Sentence A: The company decided to cut corners on materials, leading to a lower quality product.
  • This sentence correctly uses the phrase "cut corners" to describe how the company reduced quality by taking shortcuts on materials.
  • Sentence B: She cut corners while preparing the report, but it still turned out excellent.
  • This sentence correctly uses the phrase "cut corners" to describe how she took shortcuts while preparing the report, yet it turned out well.
  • Sentence C: After taking a cut corners class, he became more efficient in his time management.
  • This sentence incorrectly uses the phrase "cut corners" because it does not accurately convey the sense of reducing quality by taking shortcuts; it describes a class and efficiency, which is not the core meaning of the phrase.

Therefore, the correct answer is "Both A & B."

58

Directions: In the following sentence, four words given in bold are marked as A, B, C, and D, which are possible pairs to be interchanged. Choose the pair(s) of words that need to be interchanged to make the sentence grammatically correct and meaningful. If no interchange is required, mark option 5 i.e., "No interchange required" as your answer.

The perpetual (A) joy of winning the lottery was quickly followed by a fleeting (B) depression, an irony considering the winner had expected ephemeral (C) happiness rather than interminable (D) despair.

  1. ((a))

    A-C and B-D

  2. ((b))

    A-B and C-D

  3. ((c))

    A-D

  4. ((d))

    B-C

  5. ((e))

    No interchange required

Show Answer
Answer: ((a))

A-C and B-D

The correct answer is: Option 1) A-C and B-D i.e. Perpetual – Ephemeral and Fleeting – Interminable.

Key Points

  • The word "perpetual" means never ending or changing; everlasting. (अनंत / निरंतर)
  • Example: The region is in a state of perpetual conflict.
  • The word "ephemeral" means lasting for a very short time; transient. (क्षणिक / अल्पकालिक)
  • Example: The beauty of a rainbow is ephemeral.
  • The word "fleeting" means lasting for a very short time; passing quickly. (क्षणिक / अल्पकालिक)
  • Example: She felt a fleeting sense of joy before reality set in.
  • The word "interminable" means endless or seemingly endless. (अंतहीन / अनंत)
  • Example: The meeting felt interminable and never seemed to end.
  • Correct usage: The ephemeral joy of winning the lottery was quickly followed by an interminable depression, an irony considering the winner had expected perpetual happiness rather than fleeting despair.
  • Hence, A (perpetual) and C (ephemeral) as well as B (fleeting) and D (interminable) must be interchanged for the sentence to be meaningful and grammatically correct.

Therefore, the correct answer is- Option 1) A-C and B-D i.e. Perpetual – Ephemeral and Fleeting – Interminable

Additional Information

Here are the other options explained along with their Hindi meanings and example sentences:

  • Option 2) A-B and C-D (विकल्प A-B और C-D): Perpetual (अनंत) and fleeting (क्षणिक) swapped, ephemeral (क्षणिक) and interminable (अंतहीन) swapped, would not match the logical contrast of joy and depression in this context.
  • Example: The fleeting joy of winning the lottery... expected interminable happiness rather than ephemeral despair (illogical).
  • Option 3) A-D (विकल्प A-D): Perpetual (अनंत) and interminable (अंतहीन) interchanged would not correctly match the intended meaning for joy and despair.
  • Example: The interminable joy... fleeting depression... expected ephemeral happiness rather than perpetual despair (contradictory).
  • Option 4) B-C (विकल्प B-C): Fleeting (क्षणिक) and ephemeral (क्षणिक) interchanged would not resolve the issue with joy and depression duration.
  • Example: The perpetual joy... ephemeral depression... expected fleeting happiness rather than interminable despair (illogical in context).
  • Option 5) No interchange required (कोई अदला-बदली आवश्यक नहीं): Incorrect, as the original sentence is not logical or meaningful without the interchange.
59

Directions: In the following sentence, four words given in bold are marked as A, B, C, and D, which are possible pairs to be interchanged. Choose the pair(s) of words that need to be interchanged to make the sentence grammatically correct and meaningful. If no interchange is required, mark option 5 i.e., "No interchange required" as your answer.

The professor's convoluted (A) explanation served only to obfuscate (B) the topic, turning a relatively lucid (C) concept into an entirely inscrutable (D) mystery.

  1. ((a))

    A-B

  2. ((b))

    A-C and B-D

  3. ((c))

    B-C

  4. ((d))

    A-D

  5. ((e))

    No interchange required

Show Answer
Answer: ((e))

No interchange required

The correct answer is: Option 5) No interchange required.

Key Points

  • The word "convoluted" means extremely complex and difficult to follow. (जटिल / उलझा हुआ)
  • Example: His convoluted argument confused everyone in the room.
  • The word "obfuscate" means to deliberately make something unclear or difficult to understand. (जटिल बनाना / अस्पष्ट करना)
  • Example: The spokesperson attempted to obfuscate the facts during the interview.
  • The word "lucid" means expressed clearly; easy to understand. (स्पष्ट / साफ-सुथरा)
  • Example: She gave a lucid explanation of the theory.
  • The word "inscrutable" means impossible to understand or interpret. (अगम्य / रहस्यमय)
  • Example: His inscrutable expression made it hard to know what he was thinking.
  • All the words are correctly placed in the sentence. The professor's complex (convoluted) explanation made the topic harder (obfuscate), turning a clear (lucid) concept into a mysterious (inscrutable) one. The contrast and meaning are logical and grammatically correct as is.

Therefore, the correct answer is- Option 5) No interchange required

Additional Information

Here are the other options explained along with their Hindi meanings and example sentences:

  • Option 1) A-B (विकल्प A-B): Convoluted (जटिल) and obfuscate (अस्पष्ट करना) interchanged would not fit the structure, as one is an adjective and the other a verb.
  • Example: The obfuscate explanation served only to convoluted the topic (incorrect usage).
  • Option 2) A-C and B-D (विकल्प A-C और B-D): Convoluted (जटिल) and lucid (स्पष्ट), obfuscate (अस्पष्ट करना) and inscrutable (अगम्य) swapped would destroy the correct contrast of the sentence.
  • Example: The lucid explanation served only to inscrutable the topic (illogical).
  • Option 3) B-C (विकल्प B-C): Obfuscate (अस्पष्ट करना) and lucid (स्पष्ट) interchanged would swap a verb with an adjective, making the sentence grammatically incorrect.
  • Example: Served only to lucid the topic (incorrect usage).
  • Option 4) A-D (विकल्प A-D): Convoluted (जटिल) and inscrutable (अगम्य) interchanged would not fit, as both are adjectives but refer to different aspects of the sentence.
  • Example: The inscrutable explanation served only to obfuscate the topic (less logical than original).
60

Directions: In the following sentence, four words given in bold are marked as A, B, C, and D, which are possible pairs to be interchanged. Choose the pair(s) of words that need to be interchanged to make the sentence grammatically correct and meaningful. If no interchange is required, mark option 5 i.e., "No interchange required" as your answer.

The author’s hackneyed (A) prose was celebrated for its unprecedented (B) originality, while her rival’s innovative (C) ideas were dismissed as completely trite (D).

  1. ((a))

    B-C

  2. ((b))

    A-D

  3. ((c))

    A-C

  4. ((d))

    B-D

  5. ((e))

    No interchange required

Show Answer
Answer: ((c))

A-C

The correct answer is: Option 3) A-C i.e. Hackneyed – Innovative.

Key Points

  • The word "hackneyed" means lacking significance through having been overused; unoriginal and trite. (घिसा-पिटा / बहुत प्रयुक्त)
  • Example: The editor criticized the script for its hackneyed dialogue and clichés.
  • The word "innovative" means featuring new methods; advanced and original. (नवोन्मेषी / नवीन)
  • Example: The company is known for its innovative approach to technology.
  • Correct usage: The author’s innovative prose was celebrated for its unprecedented originality, while her rival’s hackneyed ideas were dismissed as completely trite.
  • Hence, A (hackneyed) and C (innovative) must be interchanged for the sentence to be meaningful and grammatically correct.

Therefore, the correct answer is- Option 3) A-C i.e. Hackneyed – Innovative

Additional Information

Here are the other options explained along with their Hindi meanings and example sentences:

  • Option 1) B-C (विकल्प B-C): Unprecedented (अभूतपूर्व) and innovative (नवोन्मेषी) interchanged would not resolve the mismatch in the sentence.
  • Example: Celebrated for its innovative originality (redundant and does not address the contrast with rival’s ideas).
  • Option 2) A-D (विकल्प A-D): Hackneyed (घिसा-पिटा) and trite (घिसा-पिटा) interchanged would not correct the contrast in the sentence since both mean the same.
  • Example: The trite prose was celebrated for its originality (illogical).
  • Option 4) B-D (विकल्प B-D): Unprecedented (अभूतपूर्व) and trite (घिसा-पिटा) interchanged would make the sentence illogical since originality cannot be trite.
  • Example: Celebrated for its trite originality (contradictory).
  • Option 5) No interchange required (कोई अदला-बदली आवश्यक नहीं): This is incorrect, as the original sentence is not logical or meaningful without the interchange.
61

Directions: In the following sentence, four words given in bold are marked as A, B, C, and D, which are possible pairs to be interchanged. Choose the pair(s) of words that need to be interchanged to make the sentence grammatically correct and meaningful. If no interchange is required, mark option 5 i.e., "No interchange required" as your answer.

The immutable (A) laws of physics are often considered capricious (B), whereas human emotions, notoriously invariable (C), are completely fickle (D).

  1. ((a))

    A-B

  2. ((b))

    C-D

  3. ((c))

    A-C

  4. ((d))

    B-C

  5. ((e))

    No interchange required

Show Answer
Answer: ((d))

B-C

The correct answer is: Option 4) B-C i.e. Capricious – Invariable.

Key Points

  • The word "capricious" means given to sudden and unaccountable changes of mood or behavior; unpredictable. (मनमौजी / परिवर्तनशील)
  • Example: The weather in the mountains is notoriously capricious.
  • The word "invariable" means never changing; constant. (अपरिवर्तनीय / स्थिर)
  • Example: The rules of the game are invariable regardless of who plays.
  • Correct usage: The immutable laws of physics are often considered invariable, whereas human emotions, notoriously capricious, are completely fickle.
  • Hence, B (capricious) and C (invariable) must be interchanged for the sentence to be meaningful and grammatically correct.

Therefore, the correct answer is- Option 4) B-C i.e. Capricious – Invariable

Additional Information

Here are the other options explained along with their Hindi meanings and example sentences:

  • Option 1) A-B (विकल्प A-B): Immutable (अपरिवर्तनीय) and capricious (मनमौजी) interchanged would not fit since immutable laws cannot be described as capricious.
  • Example: Capricious laws of physics (illogical in scientific context).
  • Option 2) C-D (विकल्प C-D): Invariable (अपरिवर्तनीय) and fickle (चंचल) interchanged would make the sentence contradictory about human emotions.
  • Example: Human emotions, notoriously fickle, are completely invariable (contradictory).
  • Option 3) A-C (विकल्प A-C): Immutable (अपरिवर्तनीय) and invariable (अपरिवर्तनीय) interchanged would not resolve the contrast needed between physics and emotions.
  • Example: The invariable laws of physics are often considered immutable (repetitive and illogical for contrast).
  • Option 5) No interchange required (कोई अदला-बदली आवश्यक नहीं): This is incorrect, as the sentence is not meaningful or logical without the interchange.
62

Directions: In the following sentence, four words given in bold are marked as A, B, C, and D, which are possible pairs to be interchanged. Choose the pair(s) of words that need to be interchanged to make the sentence grammatically correct and meaningful. If no interchange is required, mark option 5 i.e., "No interchange required" as your answer.

The obsequious (A) intern was fired for his imperious (B) behavior, while the supercilious (C) executive was praised for her deferential (D) leadership.

  1. ((a))

    A-D

  2. ((b))

    A-C and B-D

  3. ((c))

    B-C

  4. ((d))

    A-B and C-D

  5. ((e))

    No interchange required

Show Answer
Answer: ((e))

No interchange required

The correct answer is: Option 2) A-C and B-D i.e. Supercilious – Obsequious and Deferential – Imperious.

Key Points

  • The word "supercilious" means behaving or looking as though one thinks one is superior to others; arrogant. (घमंडी)
  • Example: His supercilious attitude alienated his coworkers.
  • The word "obsequious" means obedient or attentive to an excessive or servile degree; overly submissive. (चापलूस)
  • Example: The manager disliked staff who were obsequious and insincere.
  • The word "deferential" means showing respect or submission to others. (आदरपूर्ण)
  • Example: He was deferential to the senior partners in the firm.
  • The word "imperious" means assuming power or authority without justification; arrogant and domineering. (हुक्म चलाने वाला / अत्यधिक अधिकार जताने वाला)
  • Example: Her imperious tone discouraged open discussion.
  • Correct usage: The obsequious intern was fired for his imperious behavior, while the supercilious executive was praised for her deferential leadership.
  • Hence, A (supercilious) and C (obsequious) as well as B (deferential) and D (imperious) must be interchanged for the sentence to be meaningful and grammatically correct.

Therefore, the correct answer is- Option 2) A-C and B-D i.e. Supercilious – Obsequious and Deferential – Imperious

Additional Information

Here are the other options explained along with their Hindi meanings and example sentences:

  • Option 1) A-D (विकल्प A-D): Supercilious (घमंडी) and imperious (हुक्म चलाने वाला) interchanged would not correct the logic, as both are negative but the context requires swapping with the positive/servile terms.
  • Example: The imperious intern was fired for his deferential behavior (contradictory).
  • Option 3) B-C (विकल्प B-C): Deferential (आदरपूर्ण) and obsequious (चापलूस) interchanged would not fix the mismatch in leadership style and praise/criticism.
  • Example: The supercilious intern was fired for his obsequious behavior (does not resolve the leadership issue).
  • Option 4) A-B and C-D (विकल्प A-B और C-D): Supercilious (घमंडी) and deferential (आदरपूर्ण), obsequious (चापलूस) and imperious (हुक्म चलाने वाला) swapped would not fit the praise/firing logic.
  • Example: The deferential intern was fired for supercilious behavior (contradicts context).
  • Option 5) No interchange required (कोई अदला-बदली आवश्यक नहीं): This is incorrect, as the original sentence is not logical or meaningful without the interchanges.
63

Directions: Select the most appropriate word to fill in the blank.

Protecting minor minerals requires _______ in production and consumption measurement and also monitoring and planning tools.

  1. ((a))

    Excitement

  2. ((b))

    Contentment

  3. ((c))

    Investment

  4. ((d))

    Argument

  5. ((e))

    Pavement

Show Answer
Answer: ((c))

Investment

The correct answer is 'Investment.'

Key Points

  • The given sentence is saying that protecting minor minerals requires the action or process of investing money in production and consumption measurement.
  • Therefore, the most appropriate word to be filled in the blank is 'Investment'.
  • Also, the use of the word ''production'' in the sentence indicates the use of the word 'investment' in the blank.
  • The word 'Investment' means The action or process of investing money.
  • Example: The high cost of borrowing is inhibiting investment by industry in new equipment.

Hence, the correct answer is option 3.

Complete Sentence: Protecting minor minerals requires investment in production and consumption measurement and also monitoring and planning tools.

<br>

Additional Information

  • Let us explore  the other options:
  • Excitement means The state of being excited, especially because something interesting is happening or will happen.
  • Contentment means A feeling of happy satisfaction.
  • Argument means An angry discussion between two or more people who disagree with each other.
  • Pavement means A hard flat area at the side of a road for people to walk on.
64

Directions: Select the most appropriate word to fill in the blank.

The abject failures of community development programs and sclerotic economic growth led to the political _______ of the mid-to-late 1960s.

  1. ((a))

    Curtail

  2. ((b))

    Prevail

  3. ((c))

    Spoil

  4. ((d))

    Turmoil

  5. ((e))

    Counterfoil

Show Answer
Answer: ((d))

Turmoil

The correct answer is 'Turmoil.'

Key Points

  • The given sentence is talking about a state of political disturbance, confusion, or uncertainty in the mid-to-late 1960s.
  • Therefore, the most appropriate word to be filled in the blank is 'Turmoil'.
  • Also, the use of the word ''failures'' in the sentence indicates the use of the word 'turmoil' in the blank.
  • The word 'Turmoil' means A state of great disturbance, confusion, or uncertainty.
  • Example: The country is in a state of political turmoil.

Hence, the correct answer is option 4.

Complete Sentence: The abject failures of community development programs and sclerotic economic growth led to the political turmoil of the mid-to-late 1960s.

<br>

Additional Information

  • Let us explore  the other options:
  • Curtail means To make something shorter or smaller; to reduce.
  • Prevail means To persuade someone to do something.
  • Spoil means To diminish or destroy the value or quality of something.
  • ​Counterfoil means The part of a cheque, receipt, ticket, etc. that is kept by the giver as a record.
65

Directions: Select the most appropriate word to fill in the blank.

Our scientists and technicians have made great sacrifices for our country, ______ of which I could see in the clips of Rocketry.

  1. ((a))

    regard

  2. ((b))

    glimpses

  3. ((c))

    gaze

  4. ((d))

    glint

  5. ((e))

    browse

Show Answer
Answer: ((b))

glimpses

The correct answer is 'glimpses'.

 

Key Points

  • The given sentence is talking about the scientists and technicians of the country having made great sacrifices and that portrayal of those sacrifices in the movie Rocketry by Madhavan.
  • Therefore the most appropriate word to fill in the blank from the given options is 'glimpses'.
  • The word 'glimpses' means to get a brief look at.
  • Example: She got a glimpse of him but didn't get to meet him personally.

Hence, the correct option is option 2.

Additional Information

  • Let us explore the given options:
  • Regard: attention to or concern for something.
  • Gaze: look steadily and intently, especially in admiration, surprise, or thought.
  • Glint: give out or reflect small flashes of light.
  • Browse: an act of casual looking or reading.

Quantitative Aptitude (35 questions)

The pie chart shows the percentage distribution of quantity (gm) gold sold in five different shops [A, B, C, D and E].

Note - Total quantity of gold sold in five shops together is 2400 gm.

66

Gold sold in Shop F is 20% more than gold sold in Shop E. Find the quantity of gold sold in Shop F?

  1. ((a))

    224

  2. ((b))

    164

  3. ((c))

    155

  4. ((d))

    144

  5. ((e))

    132

Show Answer
Answer: ((d))

144

Common Calculation

Given:

A = 30%

B = (x + 25)%

C = x%

D = 10%

E = 5%

Total = 2400 gm

Formula Used:

Total % = 100

Calculation:

⇒ 30 + (x + 25) + x + 10 + 5 = 100

⇒ 70 + 2x = 100

⇒ 2x = 30

⇒ x = 15

⇒ A = 30% of 2400 = 720 gm

⇒ B = 40% of 2400 = 960 gm

⇒ C = 15% of 2400 = 360 gm

⇒ D = 10% of 2400 = 240 gm

⇒ E = 5% of 2400 = 120 gm

∴ x = 15 and quantities: A = 720, B = 960, C = 360, D = 240, E = 120 gm

Given:

E = 120

Formula Used:

Increase = 20%

Calculation:

⇒ F = 120 × 1.2 = 144

∴ 144 gm

67

In Shop B, 60% of gold is 22-carat and remaining is 18-carat. Find the difference (in gm) between 22-carat and 18-carat gold sold in Shop B?

  1. ((a))

    224

  2. ((b))

    288

  3. ((c))

    324

  4. ((d))

    264

  5. ((e))

    192

Show Answer
Answer: ((e))

192

Common Calculation

Given:

A = 30%

B = (x + 25)%

C = x%

D = 10%

E = 5%

Total = 2400 gm

Formula Used:

Total % = 100

Calculation:

⇒ 30 + (x + 25) + x + 10 + 5 = 100

⇒ 70 + 2x = 100

⇒ 2x = 30

⇒ x = 15

⇒ A = 30% of 2400 = 720 gm

⇒ B = 40% of 2400 = 960 gm

⇒ C = 15% of 2400 = 360 gm

⇒ D = 10% of 2400 = 240 gm

⇒ E = 5% of 2400 = 120 gm

∴ x = 15 and quantities: A = 720, B = 960, C = 360, D = 240, E = 120 gm

Given:

B = 960

Formula Used:

% distribution

Calculation:

⇒ 22K = 60% of 960 = 576

⇒ 18K = 40% of 960 = 384

⇒ Difference = 576 − 384 = 192

∴ 192 gm

68

The average gold sold in Shops A, B, C, D and E is increased by 80 gm after including a new Shop F. Find the quantity of gold sold in Shop F?

  1. ((a))

    1080

  2. ((b))

    940

  3. ((c))

    950

  4. ((d))

    960

  5. ((e))

    920

Show Answer
Answer: ((d))

960

Common Calculation

Given:

A = 30%

B = (x + 25)%

C = x%

D = 10%

E = 5%

Total = 2400 gm

Formula Used:

Total % = 100

Calculation:

⇒ 30 + (x + 25) + x + 10 + 5 = 100

⇒ 70 + 2x = 100

⇒ 2x = 30

⇒ x = 15

⇒ A = 30% of 2400 = 720 gm

⇒ B = 40% of 2400 = 960 gm

⇒ C = 15% of 2400 = 360 gm

⇒ D = 10% of 2400 = 240 gm

⇒ E = 5% of 2400 = 120 gm

∴ x = 15 and quantities: A = 720, B = 960, C = 360, D = 240, E = 120 gm

Given:

Old avg = 2400/5 = 480

New avg = 480 + 80 = 560

Formula Used:

Total = Avg × No.

Calculation:

⇒ New total = 560 × 6 = 3360

⇒ F = 3360 − 2400 = 960

∴ 960 gm

69

In each shop, the ratio of gold sold to silver sold is 4:1. Find the total quantity of silver sold in all five shops together?

  1. ((a))

    750

  2. ((b))

    600

  3. ((c))

    450

  4. ((d))

    550

  5. ((e))

    650

Show Answer
Answer: ((b))

600

Common Calculation

Given:

A = 30%

B = (x + 25)%

C = x%

D = 10%

E = 5%

Total = 2400 gm

Formula Used:

Total % = 100

Calculation:

⇒ 30 + (x + 25) + x + 10 + 5 = 100

⇒ 70 + 2x = 100

⇒ 2x = 30

⇒ x = 15

⇒ A = 30% of 2400 = 720 gm

⇒ B = 40% of 2400 = 960 gm

⇒ C = 15% of 2400 = 360 gm

⇒ D = 10% of 2400 = 240 gm

⇒ E = 5% of 2400 = 120 gm

∴ x = 15 and quantities: A = 720, B = 960, C = 360, D = 240, E = 120 gm

Given:

Gold : Silver = 4 : 1

Formula Used:

Silver = Gold/4

Calculation:

⇒ Total gold = 720 + 960 + 360 + 240 + 120 = 2400

⇒ Silver = 2400/4 = 600

∴ 600 gm

70

Total gold sold in Shop A and Shop C together is what percent more or less than gold sold in Shop B?

  1. ((a))

    12.5%

  2. ((b))

    22.5%

  3. ((c))

    32.5%

  4. ((d))

    62.5%

  5. ((e))

    20.5%

Show Answer
Answer: ((a))

12.5%

Common Calculation

Given:

A = 30%

B = (x + 25)%

C = x%

D = 10%

E = 5%

Total = 2400 gm

Formula Used:

Total % = 100

Calculation:

⇒ 30 + (x + 25) + x + 10 + 5 = 100

⇒ 70 + 2x = 100

⇒ 2x = 30

⇒ x = 15

⇒ A = 30% of 2400 = 720 gm

⇒ B = 40% of 2400 = 960 gm

⇒ C = 15% of 2400 = 360 gm

⇒ D = 10% of 2400 = 240 gm

⇒ E = 5% of 2400 = 120 gm

∴ x = 15 and quantities: A = 720, B = 960, C = 360, D = 240, E = 120 gm

Given:

A = 720, C = 360, B = 960

Formula Used:

% difference

Calculation:

⇒ A + C = 1080

⇒ Difference = 1080 − 960 = 120

⇒ % = (120/960) × 100 = 12.5%

∴ 12.5% more

71

In Shop C, ratio of gold to silver is 3:2. Out of gold, 40% is 24-carat. Find the quantity of 24-carat gold sold in Shop C?

  1. ((a))

    80.6

  2. ((b))

    86.4

  3. ((c))

    96.4

  4. ((d))

    92.4

  5. ((e))

    88.6

Show Answer
Answer: ((b))

86.4

Common Calculation

Given:

A = 30%

B = (x + 25)%

C = x%

D = 10%

E = 5%

Total = 2400 gm

Formula Used:

Total % = 100

Calculation:

⇒ 30 + (x + 25) + x + 10 + 5 = 100

⇒ 70 + 2x = 100

⇒ 2x = 30

⇒ x = 15

⇒ A = 30% of 2400 = 720 gm

⇒ B = 40% of 2400 = 960 gm

⇒ C = 15% of 2400 = 360 gm

⇒ D = 10% of 2400 = 240 gm

⇒ E = 5% of 2400 = 120 gm

∴ x = 15 and quantities: A = 720, B = 960, C = 360, D = 240, E = 120 gm

Given:

C = 360

Gold : Silver = 3 : 2

Formula Used:

Gold part = 3/5

Calculation:

⇒ Gold = (3/5) × 360 = 216

⇒ 24K = 40% of 216 = 86.4

∴ 86.4 gm

72

Find the approximation value?

14.69% of 300.25 + 14.89 × 23.33 – 345.68 =?

  1. ((a))

    38

  2. ((b))

    96

  3. ((c))

    44

  4. ((d))

    64

  5. ((e))

    84

Show Answer
Answer: ((c))

44

Given:

14.69% of 300.25 + 14.89 × 23.33 – 345.68

Calculation:

⇒ 15% of 300 + 15 × 23 – 346

⇒ 45 + 345 – 346

⇒ 44

∴ Answer ≈ 44

73

Find the approximation value?

24.89% of  639.87 – 147.89 + 212.32 % of 49.95 = ?

  1. ((a))

    124

  2. ((b))

    132

  3. ((c))

    148

  4. ((d))

    245

  5. ((e))

    118

Show Answer
Answer: ((e))

118

Given:

24.89% of  639.87 – 147.89 + 212.32 % of 49.95 = ?

Calculation:

24.89% of  639.87 – 147.89 + 212.32 % of 49.95 = ?

Applying approximation concept,

⇒ 25% of 640 – 148 + 212% of 50 = ?

⇒ 160 – 148 + 106 = ?

⇒ 12 + 106 = ?

⇒ ? = 118

Hence, the correct answer is option (4).

74

Find the approximation value?

(499.89 × 19.8 ÷ 9.9) + (50.23% of 799.75) − (39.01² ÷ 3) + 7 ≈ ?

  1. ((a))

    940

  2. ((b))

    950

  3. ((c))

    960

  4. ((d))

    990

  5. ((e))

    900

Show Answer
Answer: ((e))

900

Given

(499.89 × 19.8 ÷ 9.9) + (50.23% of 799.75) − (39.01² ÷ 3) + 7  ≈ ?

Calculation:

⇒ (500 × 20 ÷ 10) + (50% of 800) − (39² ÷ 3) + 7

⇒ 1000 + 400 – 507 + 7

⇒ 900

∴ Approximation value is 900

75

Find the approximation value?

(804.89 × 296.44 ÷ 49.89 × 6.01) + (49.87% of 400.25) − (24.22²) ≈ ?

  1. ((a))

    28400

  2. ((b))

    28440

  3. ((c))

    28453

  4. ((d))

    28500

  5. ((e))

    28424

Show Answer
Answer: ((e))

28424

Given

(804.89 × 296.44 ÷ 49.89 × 6.01) + (49.87% of 400.25) − (24.22²) ≈ ?

Calculation:

⇒ (800 × 300 ÷ 50 × 6) + (50% of 400) − (24²)

⇒ 28800 + 200 – 576

⇒ 28424

∴ Approximation value is 28400

76

Find the approximation value?

(19.8% of 1500) + (29.7% of 1000) + (63.01² − 36.87² ÷ 26) - 4≈ ?

  1. ((a))

    3800

  2. ((b))

    4000

  3. ((c))

    4500

  4. ((d))

    4200

  5. ((e))

    3600

Show Answer
Answer: ((c))

4500

Given

(19.8% of 1500) + (29.7% of 1000) + (63.01² − 36.87² ÷ 26) - 42 ≈ ?

Calculation:

⇒ (20% of 1500) + (30% of 1000) + (63² − 37² ÷ 26 ) - 42

⇒ 300 + 300 + (3969 − 53) - 16

⇒ 300 + 300 + 3916 -16

⇒ 4500

∴ Approximation value is 4500

77

Outlet pipes C and B empty the tank in 8 minutes. Inlet Pipe A fills the tank in x minutes and outlet Pipe B empties the tank in 40 minutes. When both pipes open together tank fills in 10 minutes. Find the value of x?

  1. ((a))

    12

  2. ((b))

    10

  3. ((c))

    6

  4. ((d))

    8

  5. ((e))

    7

Show Answer
Answer: ((d))

8

Shortcut Trick

Net rate of filling = Pipe A (Inlet) − Pipe B (Outlet)

1/10 = 1/x − 1/40

1/x = 1/10 + 1/40 = 5/40 = 1/8

∴ The correct answer is 8 minutes.

Alternate Method

PipesTime (min)Total Work (LCM)Efficiency
Pipe B (Outlet)4040 Units−1
Pipe A + B (Net)10+4

⇒ Net efficiency = Efficiency of Pipe A + Efficiency of Pipe B

⇒ 4 = Efficiency of Pipe A + (−1)

⇒ Efficiency of Pipe A = 4 + 1 = 5 units/min

⇒ Time taken by Pipe A (x) = Total Work ÷ Efficiency of A

⇒ x = 40 ÷ 5 = 8 minutes

∴ The correct answer is 8 minutes.

Additional Information

Inlet and Outlet Concept

Inlet pipes add water (positive work), while outlet pipes remove water (negative work). Net work = Σ (Inlet rates) − Σ (Outlet rates).

Time and Efficiency Relationship

Time is inversely proportional to efficiency. If a pipe fills a tank in 't' minutes, its efficiency is 1/t units per minute.

Pipes and Cisterns Formula

If Pipe A fills in x and Pipe B empties in y, and the tank is filled in T time, then 1/T = 1/x − 1/y.

78

The total cost price of two books is Rs.320. The ratio of the cost price of books is 5:3. First books sold at 25% profit and second book at x% loss, Total profit is Rs. 46. Find the value of x?

  1. ((a))

    8.33%

  2. ((b))

    10%

  3. ((c))

    5.33%

  4. ((d))

    6.25%

  5. ((e))

    3.33%

Show Answer
Answer: ((e))

3.33%

Shortcut Trick

Total units for Cost Price = 5 + 3 = 8 units.

8 units = Rs. 320 ⇒ 1 unit = Rs. 40. CP1 = Rs. 200, CP2 = Rs. 120.

Profit on first book = 25% of 200 = Rs. 50.

Overall profit = Rs. 46. ∴ Loss on second book = 50 − 46 = Rs. 4.

Loss percentage (x) = (4 ÷ 120) × 100 = 100 ÷ 30 = 3.33%.

∴ The correct answer is 3.33%.

Alternate Method

Given → Total CP = Rs. 320, Ratio = 5:3, P1% = 25%, Total Profit = Rs. 46. Formulas: Profit = SP − CP | Profit = CP × Profit% | Loss% = (Loss ÷ CP) × 100

⇒ Calculate individual CP: CP1 = (5/8) × 320 = 200; CP2 = (3/8) × 320 = 120. ⇒ Profit from Book 1 = 200 × 25% = Rs. 50. ⇒ Let loss on Book 2 be L. Total Profit = Profit1 − Loss2. ⇒ 46 = 50 − Loss2 ⇒ Loss2 = Rs. 4. ⇒ x = (4 ÷ 120) × 100 = 3.33%.

∴ The correct answer is 3.33%.

Additional Information

Profit and Loss on Multiple Items

Total Profit or Loss is the algebraic sum of individual profits and losses. Net P/L% = (Total P/L ÷ Total CP) × 100.

Ratio to Value Conversion

To find a value from a ratio a:b with total T: Value A = [a ÷ (a + b)] × T.

79

The ratio of the speed of boat A and boat B is 3:2. Boat A and B start their journey from two different points in the river towards each other. After 5 hours of starting their journey, they meet each other. The total distance between the two points is 250 km. Find the difference in speed of boat A and B if the speed of the stream is 5 km/hr?

  1. ((a))

    15

  2. ((b))

    16

  3. ((c))

    18

  4. ((d))

    10

  5. ((e))

    12

Show Answer
Answer: ((d))

10

Shortcut Trick

In a meeting case where boats move towards each other, the speed of stream cancels out.

Relative Speed = Total Distance ÷ Time = 250 ÷ 5 = 50 km/hr.

Sum of speed ratios (3 + 2) = 5 units → 50 km/hr.

Difference in speed ratios (3 − 2) = 1 unit → 10 km/hr.

∴ The correct answer is 10 km/hr.

Alternate Method

Given: Ratio of speeds of boat A and B = 3:2, Total Distance = 250 km, Time = 5 hours, Speed of stream = 5 km/hr.

Formula: Relative Speed (opposite direction) = (u1 + v) + (u2 − v) = u1 + u2

⇒ Let the speed of Boat A be 3x and Boat B be 2x.

⇒ Relative Speed = Total Distance ÷ Time = 250 ÷ 5 = 50 km/hr.

⇒ Since they move towards each other, Relative Speed = (3x + 5) + (2x − 5) = 50.

⇒ 5x = 50 ⇒ x = 10.

⇒ Speed of Boat A = 3 × 10 = 30 km/hr.

⇒ Speed of Boat B = 2 × 10 = 20 km/hr.

⇒ Difference = 30 − 20 = 10 km/hr.

∴ The correct answer is 10 km/hr.

Additional Information

Relative Speed in Rivers

When two boats move towards each other, one is downstream and one is upstream. The stream speed (v) always cancels out: (u1+v) + (u2−v) = u1+u2.

Downstream & Upstream

Downstream Speed = Speed of boat + Speed of stream. Upstream Speed = Speed of boat − Speed of stream.

Meeting Point Distance

Distance from starting point of Boat A to meeting point = (Speed of Boat A + Stream) × Meeting Time.

80

Marked price of the item is Rs.[x + 400] . A shopkeeper gives two successive discounts of 10% and 20% and makes a profit of 20%. The cost price of the item Rs. 1440. Find the value of x?

  1. ((a))

    2600

  2. ((b))

    1800

  3. ((c))

    2900

  4. ((d))

    2000

  5. ((e))

    2400

Show Answer
Answer: ((d))

2000

Shortcut Trick

Net discount = a + b − (ab ÷ 100) = 10 + 20 − (10 × 20 ÷ 100) = 28%.

SP = CP × (100 + P%) ÷ 100 = 1440 × 120 ÷ 100 = 1728.

MP = SP ÷ (100 − D%) × 100 = 1728 ÷ 72 × 100 = 2400.

Given MP = x + 400 ⇒ 2400 = x + 400 ⇒ x = 2000.

∴ The correct answer is 2000.

Alternate Method

Given → Cost Price (CP) = 1440, Profit% = 20%, Successive Discounts = 10% and 20%, Marked Price (MP) = x + 400. Formulas: SP = CP × (100 + Profit%) ÷ 100 | MP = SP × 100 ÷ (100 − Discount%)

Selling Price (SP) = 1440 × (120 ÷ 100) = 1440 × 1.2 = 1728. ⇒ Equivalent Single Discount = 10 + 20 − (10 × 20 ÷ 100) = 28%. ⇒ Marked Price (MP) = 1728 × 100 ÷ (100 − 28) = 1728 × 100 ÷ 72 = 2400. ⇒ x + 400 = 2400. ⇒ x = 2400 − 400 = 2000.

∴ The correct answer is 2000.

Additional Information

Successive Discounts

When two discounts d1% and d2% are given, the total discount is d1 + d2 − (d1 × d2 ÷ 100)%.

Relation between CP and MP

The ratio of MP to CP can be found using: MP ÷ CP = (100 + Profit%) ÷ (100 − Discount%).

81

In the question, two quantities I, and II are given. You have to solve both the quantities and establish the correct relation between Quantity - I, and Quantity - II and choose the correct option accordingly.

Quantity I:

A can do a work in 24 days and B can do it in 36 days. They work together for 6 days, then B leaves. Find total time to complete work

Quantity II:

A can do a work in 30 days and B can do it in 20 days. They work together for 5 days, then A leaves. Find total time to complete work

  1. ((a))

    Quantity I ≤ Quantity II

  2. ((b))

    Quantity I > Quantity II

  3. ((c))

    Quantity I < Quantity II

  4. ((d))

    Quantity I = Quantity II

  5. ((e))

    Quantity I ≥ Quantity II

Show Answer
Answer: ((b))

Quantity I > Quantity II

Shortcut Trick Quantity I: Total work (LCM of 24, 36) = 72. Efficiencies: A = 3, B = 2. Together 6 days = 6 × 5 = 30. Remaining = 42. Time by A = 42 ÷ 3 = 14. Total = 6 + 14 = 20 days. Quantity II: Total work (LCM of 30, 20) = 60. Efficiencies: A = 2, B = 3. Together 5 days = 5 × 5 = 25. Remaining = 35. Time by B = 35 ÷ 3 = 11.67. Total = 5 + 11.67 = 16.67 days. Comparing both: 20 days > 16.67 days. ∴ The correct answer is Quantity I > Quantity II. Alternate Method Quantity I:

Person Days Total Work Efficiency

A 24 72 3

B 36 2

⇒ Combined efficiency of A and B = 3 + 2 = 5 units/day. ⇒ Work done in 6 days = 6 × 5 = 30 units. ⇒ Remaining work = 72 − 30 = 42 units. ⇒ Time taken by A to finish remaining work = 42 ÷ 3 = 14 days. ⇒ Total time = 6 + 14 = 20 days. Quantity II:

Person Days Total Work Efficiency

A 30 60 2

B 20 3

⇒ Combined efficiency of A and B = 2 + 3 = 5 units/day. ⇒ Work done in 5 days = 5 × 5 = 25 units. ⇒ Remaining work = 60 − 25 = 35 units. ⇒ Time taken by B to finish remaining work = 35 ÷ 3 = 11.67 days. ⇒ Total time = 5 + 11.67 = 16.67 days. Comparison: 20 > 16.67 ⇒ Quantity I > Quantity II. ∴ The correct answer is Quantity I > Quantity II. Additional Information LCM Method for Work Total work is assumed as the LCM of time taken by individuals to simplify efficiency calculations as integers. Work and Efficiency Relation Total Work = Efficiency × Time. If total work is constant, efficiency is inversely proportional to time taken. Leaving and Joining For such problems, calculate work done during the period of togetherness and subtract from total work to find the remainder.

82

In the question, two quantities I, and II are given. You have to solve both the quantities and establish the correct relation between Quantity - I, and Quantity - II and choose the correct option accordingly.

Quantity I:

Simple Interest on Rs. 3600 for 3 years at 15% per annum?

Quantity II:

Compound Interest on Rs. 3000 for 2 years at 20% per annum?

  1. ((a))

    Quantity I > Quantity II 

  2. ((b))

     Quantity I < Quantity II

  3. ((c))

    e) Quantity I ≥ Quantity II

  4. ((d))

    Quantity I = Quantity II 

  5. ((e))

    Quantity I ≤ Quantity II

Show Answer
Answer: ((a))

Quantity I > Quantity II 

Shortcut TrickQuantity I: 15% × 3 years = 45% of ₹3600 → 0.45 × 3600 = ₹1620.Quantity II: 20% + 20% + (20 × 20)/100 = 44% effective rate.44% of ₹3000 → 0.44 × 3000 = ₹1320.Comparison: ₹1620 > ₹1320 ⇒ Quantity I > Quantity II.∴ The correct answer is Quantity I > Quantity II.Alternate MethodGiven:For Quantity I: Principal (P1) = ₹3600, Rate (R1) = 15%, Time (T1) = 3 years.For Quantity II: Principal (P2) = ₹3000, Rate (R2) = 20%, Time (T2) = 2 years.Formula Used:Simple Interest (SI) = (P × R × T) ÷ 100Compound Interest (CI) = P[(1 + R/100)T − 1]Calculations:Quantity I:⇒ SI = (3600 × 15 × 3) ÷ 100⇒ SI = 36 × 45⇒ SI = ₹1620Quantity II:⇒ Amount (A) = 3000 × (1 + 20/100)2⇒ A = 3000 × (1.2)2⇒ A = 3000 × 1.44 = ₹4320⇒ CI = Amount − Principal = 4320 − 3000⇒ CI = ₹1320Conclusion:⇒ 1620 > 1320∴ The correct answer is Quantity I > Quantity II.Additional InformationEffective Rate of CIFor 2 years, the effective interest rate can be calculated using the formula x + y + (xy/100). For 20%, it is 20 + 20 + 400/100 = 44%.SI vs CI DifferenceThe difference between CI and SI for 2 years is P(R/100)2. Compound interest is always greater than or equal to simple interest for the same rate and principal.

83

In the question, two quantities I, and II are given. You have to solve both the quantities and establish the correct relation between Quantity - I, and Quantity - II and choose the correct option accordingly.

Quantity I:

After giving a discount of 20% on marked price, a shopkeeper still makes a profit of 25%. If cost price is Rs. 800, find the marked price?

Quantity II:

After giving a discount of 25% on marked price, a shopkeeper makes a profit of 20%. If cost price is Rs. 900, find the marked price?

  1. ((a))

    Quantity I ≥ Quantity II

  2. ((b))

    Quantity I = Quantity II

  3. ((c))

    Quantity I > Quantity II

  4. ((d))

    Quantity I < Quantity II 

  5. ((e))

    Quantity I ≤ Quantity II

Show Answer
Answer: ((d))

Quantity I < Quantity II 

Shortcut Trick Use the ratio formula: MP / CP = (100 + Profit%) / (100 − Discount%) Quantity I: MP = 800 × (125 / 80) = ₹1250 Quantity II: MP = 900 × (120 / 75) = ₹1440 Comparing the values: 1250 < 1440 ⇒ Quantity I < Quantity II ∴ The correct answer is Quantity I < Quantity II. Alternate Method

Quantity I: ⇒ Cost Price (CP) = ₹800, Profit = 25%, Discount = 20% ⇒ Selling Price (SP) = CP × (100 + P)/100 = 800 × 125/100 = ₹1000 ⇒ Marked Price (MP) = SP × 100 / (100 − D) = 1000 × 100/80 = ₹1250 Quantity II: ⇒ Cost Price (CP) = ₹900, Profit = 20%, Discount = 25% ⇒ Selling Price (SP) = CP × (100 + P)/100 = 900 × 120/100 = ₹1080 ⇒ Marked Price (MP) = SP × 100 / (100 − D) = 1080 × 100/75 = ₹1440 ⇒ Comparison: ₹1250 < ₹1440 ∴ The correct answer is Quantity I < Quantity II. Additional Information Relationship between CP and MP The direct relation is given by MP/CP = (100 + P%)/(100 − D%). This eliminates the need to calculate SP separately. Markup Percentage Markup % = [(MP − CP) / CP] × 100. It represents how much the price is raised above the cost price before offering discounts. Effective Discount For successive discounts d1 and d2, the single equivalent discount is (d1 + d2 − d1×d2/100)%.

84

A car cover 5s km distance in 3 hours and 4s km distance in 2 hours. The average speed of the car is 84 km/hr. Find the time taken by the car if the car covers the entire distance at the speed at which the car covers 5s km?

  1. ((a))

    2

  2. ((b))

    4

  3. ((c))

    5

  4. ((d))

    6

  5. ((e))

    3

Show Answer
Answer: ((c))

5

Shortcut Trick

Total distance = 5s + 4s = 9s km

Total time = 3 + 2 = 5 hours

Average speed = Total distance ÷ Total time ⇒ 84 = 9s ÷ 5 ⇒ s = 46.67

Total distance = 9 × 46.67 = 420 km

Speed for the first part = 5s ÷ 3 = 5 × 46.67 ÷ 3 = 77.78 km/hr

Time taken at this speed for entire distance = 420 ÷ 77.78 = 5.4 hours ≈ 5 hours

∴ The correct answer is 5 hours.

Alternate Method

Given:

First segment distance = 5s km, Time = 3 hours

Second segment distance = 4s km, Time = 2 hours

Average speed of the car = 84 km/hr

Formula Used:

Average Speed = Total Distance ÷ Total Time

Speed = Distance ÷ Time

Time = Distance ÷ Speed

Calculations:

⇒ Total distance = 5s + 4s = 9s km

⇒ Total time = 3 + 2 = 5 hours

⇒ Average speed = 9s ÷ 5

⇒ 84 = 9s ÷ 5

⇒ 9s = 84 × 5

⇒ 9s = 420 km (This is the total distance)

⇒ s = 420 ÷ 9 = 140/3 km

⇒ First segment distance = 5s = 5 × (140/3) = 700/3 km

⇒ Speed for the first segment = (700/3) ÷ 3 = 700/9 km/hr

⇒ Time taken to cover total distance at this speed = Total Distance ÷ First Speed

⇒ Time = 420 ÷ (700/9) = 420 × 9 ÷ 700

⇒ Time = (42 × 9) ÷ 70 = 378 ÷ 70 = 5.4 hours ≈ 5 hours

∴ The correct answer is 5 hours.

Additional Information

Average Speed

Average speed is always calculated as the total distance traveled divided by the total time taken, regardless of the individual speeds during the journey.

Equal Distance Formula

If equal distances are covered at speeds u and v, then the average speed is given by the harmonic mean: 2uv ÷ (u + v).

85

A number is first decreased by 40% and then increased by 20%. The number obtained is 140 less than the original number. Find the 60% of the half of the number?

  1. ((a))

    120

  2. ((b))

    160

  3. ((c))

    220

  4. ((d))

    240

  5. ((e))

    150

Show Answer
Answer: ((e))

150

Shortcut Trick

Net percentage change = −40 + 20 + [(−40 × 20) ÷ 100] = −20 − 8 = −28%

Decrease of 28% of original number = 140

⇒ 100% (Original number) = (140 ÷ 28) × 100 = 500

⇒ Required value = 500 × (1/2) × 60% = 250 × 0.6 = 150

∴ The correct answer is 150.

Alternate Method

Given: Initial decrease = 40%, Subsequent increase = 20%, Difference = 140.

Formula: Final Value = Initial Value × (1 − d1/100) × (1 + i1/100)

⇒ Let the original number be 100x.

⇒ After 40% decrease: 100x − 40x = 60x

⇒ After 20% increase: 60x + (20/100 × 60x) = 60x + 12x = 72x

⇒ Difference = 100x − 72x = 28x

⇒ 28x = 140

⇒ x = 140 ÷ 28 = 5

Original number = 100 × 5 = 500

⇒ Half of the number = 500 ÷ 2 = 250

⇒ 60% of 250 = (60 ÷ 100) × 250 = 150

∴ The correct answer is 150.

Additional Information

Successive Percentage Change

For two successive changes of a% and b%, the effective change is [a + b + (ab/100)]%. Use negative sign for decrease.

Base Value Concept

Always ensure the second percentage change is applied to the resultant value of the first change, not the original base.

Percentage to Fraction Conversion

40% = 2/5, 20% = 1/5, 60% = 3/5. Using fractions can often simplify multi-step calculations.

The bar graph shows the total number items [ laptop, desktop and tablet] sold in four different shops [A, B, C, and D] and also show the number of laptop sold in each shop.

Note – Ratio of number of laptop and number of tablets sold in each shop is 3:2.

<br>
86

Total laptops sold in Shop A and C together is what percent of total items sold in Shop B?

  1. ((a))

    38.85%

  2. ((b))

    55.55%

  3. ((c))

    72.28%

  4. ((d))

    68.57%

  5. ((e))

    61.25%

Show Answer
Answer: ((d))

68.57%

Common Calculation

Given:

Ratio (Laptop : Tablet) = 3 : 2

Formula Used:

If Laptop = 3x ⇒ Tablet = 2x

Shop A

Calculation:

⇒ Laptop = 54 = 3x ⇒ x = 18

⇒ Tablet = 2x = 36

⇒ Desktop = 180 − (54 + 36) = 90

∴ Desktop = 90, Tablet = 36

Shop B

Calculation:

⇒ Laptop = 69 = 3x ⇒ x = 23

⇒ Tablet = 2x = 46

⇒ Desktop = 140 − (69 + 46) = 25

∴ Desktop = 25, Tablet = 46

Shop C

Calculation:

⇒ Laptop = 42 = 3x ⇒ x = 14

⇒ Tablet = 2x = 28

⇒ Desktop = 120 − (42 + 28) = 50

∴ Desktop = 50, Tablet = 28

Shop D

Calculation:

⇒ Laptop = 84 = 3x ⇒ x = 28

⇒ Tablet = 2x = 56

⇒ Desktop = 240 − (84 + 56) = 100

∴ Desktop = 100, Tablet = 56

Given:

Laptop A = 54, Laptop C = 42

Total B = 140

Formula Used:

% = (Part / Total) × 100

Calculation:

⇒ A + C = 54 + 42 = 96

⇒ % = (96 / 140) × 100

⇒ = 68.57%

∴ 68.57%

87

Number of desktops in Shop A and Shop C together is what percent more or less than total tablets in Shop B and Shop D together?

  1. ((a))

    33.33%

  2. ((b))

    48.84%

  3. ((c))

    25.25%

  4. ((d))

    44.44%

  5. ((e))

    37.25%

Show Answer
Answer: ((e))

37.25%

Common Calculation

Given:

Ratio (Laptop : Tablet) = 3 : 2

Formula Used:

If Laptop = 3x ⇒ Tablet = 2x

Shop A

Calculation:

⇒ Laptop = 54 = 3x ⇒ x = 18

⇒ Tablet = 2x = 36

⇒ Desktop = 180 − (54 + 36) = 90

∴ Desktop = 90, Tablet = 36

Shop B

Calculation:

⇒ Laptop = 69 = 3x ⇒ x = 23

⇒ Tablet = 2x = 46

⇒ Desktop = 140 − (69 + 46) = 25

∴ Desktop = 25, Tablet = 46

Shop C

Calculation:

⇒ Laptop = 42 = 3x ⇒ x = 14

⇒ Tablet = 2x = 28

⇒ Desktop = 120 − (42 + 28) = 50

∴ Desktop = 50, Tablet = 28

Shop D

Calculation:

⇒ Laptop = 84 = 3x ⇒ x = 28

⇒ Tablet = 2x = 56

⇒ Desktop = 240 − (84 + 56) = 100

∴ Desktop = 100, Tablet = 56

Given:

Desktop A = 90, Desktop C = 50

Tablet B = 46, Tablet D = 56

Formula Used:

% Difference = (Diff / Base) × 100

Calculation:

⇒ A + C = 90 + 50 = 140

⇒ B + D = 46 + 56 = 102

⇒ Difference = 140 − 102 = 38

⇒ % = (38 / 102) × 100

⇒ = 37.25%

∴ 37.25% more

88

Total tablets sold in all four shops together is [x + 29]. Find the value of 7x?

  1. ((a))

    789

  2. ((b))

    852

  3. ((c))

    963

  4. ((d))

    357

  5. ((e))

    959

Show Answer
Answer: ((e))

959

Common Calculation

Given:

Ratio (Laptop : Tablet) = 3 : 2

Formula Used:

If Laptop = 3x ⇒ Tablet = 2x

Shop A

Calculation:

⇒ Laptop = 54 = 3x ⇒ x = 18

⇒ Tablet = 2x = 36

⇒ Desktop = 180 − (54 + 36) = 90

∴ Desktop = 90, Tablet = 36

Shop B

Calculation:

⇒ Laptop = 69 = 3x ⇒ x = 23

⇒ Tablet = 2x = 46

⇒ Desktop = 140 − (69 + 46) = 25

∴ Desktop = 25, Tablet = 46

Shop C

Calculation:

⇒ Laptop = 42 = 3x ⇒ x = 14

⇒ Tablet = 2x = 28

⇒ Desktop = 120 − (42 + 28) = 50

∴ Desktop = 50, Tablet = 28

Shop D

Calculation:

⇒ Laptop = 84 = 3x ⇒ x = 28

⇒ Tablet = 2x = 56

⇒ Desktop = 240 − (84 + 56) = 100

∴ Desktop = 100, Tablet = 56

Given:

Tablet A = 36, B = 46, C = 28, D = 56

Calculation:

⇒ Total = 36 + 46 + 28 + 56 = 166

⇒ x + 29 = 166

⇒ x = 137

⇒ 7x = 7 × 137 = 959

∴ 959

89

Find the ratio of desktops sold in Shop B and A together and Shop D and C together?

  1. ((a))

    5:7

  2. ((b))

    11:13

  3. ((c))

    17:19

  4. ((d))

    23:30

  5. ((e))

    2:3

Show Answer
Answer: ((d))

23:30

Common Calculation

Given:

Ratio (Laptop : Tablet) = 3 : 2

Formula Used:

If Laptop = 3x ⇒ Tablet = 2x

Shop A

Calculation:

⇒ Laptop = 54 = 3x ⇒ x = 18

⇒ Tablet = 2x = 36

⇒ Desktop = 180 − (54 + 36) = 90

∴ Desktop = 90, Tablet = 36

Shop B

Calculation:

⇒ Laptop = 69 = 3x ⇒ x = 23

⇒ Tablet = 2x = 46

⇒ Desktop = 140 − (69 + 46) = 25

∴ Desktop = 25, Tablet = 46

Shop C

Calculation:

⇒ Laptop = 42 = 3x ⇒ x = 14

⇒ Tablet = 2x = 28

⇒ Desktop = 120 − (42 + 28) = 50

∴ Desktop = 50, Tablet = 28

Shop D

Calculation:

⇒ Laptop = 84 = 3x ⇒ x = 28

⇒ Tablet = 2x = 56

⇒ Desktop = 240 − (84 + 56) = 100

∴ Desktop = 100, Tablet = 56

Given:

Desktop B = 25, A = 90

Desktop D = 100, C = 50

Calculation:

⇒ B + A = 25 + 90 = 115

⇒ D + C = 100 + 50 = 150

⇒ Ratio = 115 : 150

⇒ = 23 : 30

∴ 23 : 30

90

A new item “Smartwatch” is introduced in all shops such that the ratio of Smartwatch to Laptop in each shop is 1:3. Find the total number of Smartwatches sold in all four shops together?

  1. ((a))

    81

  2. ((b))

    96

  3. ((c))

    83

  4. ((d))

    77

  5. ((e))

    97

Show Answer
Answer: ((c))

83

Common Calculation

Given:

Ratio (Laptop : Tablet) = 3 : 2

Formula Used:

If Laptop = 3x ⇒ Tablet = 2x

Shop A

Calculation:

⇒ Laptop = 54 = 3x ⇒ x = 18

⇒ Tablet = 2x = 36

⇒ Desktop = 180 − (54 + 36) = 90

∴ Desktop = 90, Tablet = 36

Shop B

Calculation:

⇒ Laptop = 69 = 3x ⇒ x = 23

⇒ Tablet = 2x = 46

⇒ Desktop = 140 − (69 + 46) = 25

∴ Desktop = 25, Tablet = 46

Shop C

Calculation:

⇒ Laptop = 42 = 3x ⇒ x = 14

⇒ Tablet = 2x = 28

⇒ Desktop = 120 − (42 + 28) = 50

∴ Desktop = 50, Tablet = 28

Shop D

Calculation:

⇒ Laptop = 84 = 3x ⇒ x = 28

⇒ Tablet = 2x = 56

⇒ Desktop = 240 − (84 + 56) = 100

∴ Desktop = 100, Tablet = 56

Given:

Ratio Smartwatch : Laptop = 1 : 3

Calculation:

⇒ Total laptops = 54 + 69 + 42 + 84 = 249

⇒ Smartwatch = 249/3 = 83

∴ 83

91

A new Shop E is introduced. The average number of total items sold in Shops A, B, C, D and E is 170. Find the total number of items sold in Shop E?

  1. ((a))

    284

  2. ((b))

    264

  3. ((c))

    258

  4. ((d))

    170

  5. ((e))

    196

Show Answer
Answer: ((d))

170

Common Calculation

Given:

Ratio (Laptop : Tablet) = 3 : 2

Formula Used:

If Laptop = 3x ⇒ Tablet = 2x

Shop A

Calculation:

⇒ Laptop = 54 = 3x ⇒ x = 18

⇒ Tablet = 2x = 36

⇒ Desktop = 180 − (54 + 36) = 90

∴ Desktop = 90, Tablet = 36

Shop B

Calculation:

⇒ Laptop = 69 = 3x ⇒ x = 23

⇒ Tablet = 2x = 46

⇒ Desktop = 140 − (69 + 46) = 25

∴ Desktop = 25, Tablet = 46

Shop C

Calculation:

⇒ Laptop = 42 = 3x ⇒ x = 14

⇒ Tablet = 2x = 28

⇒ Desktop = 120 − (42 + 28) = 50

∴ Desktop = 50, Tablet = 28

Shop D

Calculation:

⇒ Laptop = 84 = 3x ⇒ x = 28

⇒ Tablet = 2x = 56

⇒ Desktop = 240 − (84 + 56) = 100

∴ Desktop = 100, Tablet = 56

Given:

Average = 170

Total shops = 5

Calculation:

⇒ Total = 170 × 5 = 850

⇒ A + B + C + D = 180 + 140 + 120 + 240 = 680

⇒ E = 850 − 680 = 170

∴ 170

92

Find the missing number of series?

455, 578, 801, 1124, ?

  1. ((a))

    1640

  2. ((b))

    1950

  3. ((c))

    1467

  4. ((d))

    1547

  5. ((e))

    1447

Show Answer
Answer: ((d))

1547

Given series:

455, 578, 801, 1124, ?

Calculation:

⇒ 455 → 578 = +123

⇒ 578 → 801 = +223

⇒ 801 → 1124 = +323

⇒ Pattern: +123, +223, +323, +423

⇒ Missing = 1124 + 423 = 1547

∴ Missing number = 1547

93

Find the missing number of series?

10.24,17.64,27.04, 38.44, ?

  1. ((a))

    48.84

  2. ((b))

    59.64

  3. ((c))

    58.66

  4. ((d))

    54.84

  5. ((e))

    51.84

Show Answer
Answer: ((e))

51.84

Given series:

10.24, 17.64, 27.04, 38.44, ?

Calculation:

⇒ 10.24 = (3.2)²

⇒ 17.64 = (4.2)²

⇒ 27.04 = (5.2)²

⇒ 38.44 = (6.2)²

⇒ Pattern: (3.2)², (4.2)², (5.2)², (6.2)²

⇒ Next = (7.2)²

⇒ 7.2 × 7.2 = 51.84

∴ Missing number = 51.84

94

Find the missing number of series?

456, 467, ?, 555, 632

  1. ((a))

    525

  2. ((b))

    500

  3. ((c))

    535

  4. ((d))

    545

  5. ((e))

    510

Show Answer
Answer: ((b))

500

Given series:

456, 467, ?, 555, 632

Calculation:

⇒ 456 → 467 = +11

⇒ Pattern: +11, +33, +55, +77

⇒ Missing = 467 + 33 = 500

⇒ 500 + 55 = 555

∴ Missing number = 500

95

Find the missing number of series?

46, 69, ?, 184,276

  1. ((a))

    175

  2. ((b))

    95

  3. ((c))

    135

  4. ((d))

    115

  5. ((e))

    105

Show Answer
Answer: ((d))

115

Given series:

46, 69, ?, 184, 276

Calculation:

⇒ 46 → 69 = +23

⇒ Pattern: +23, +46, +69, +92

⇒ 69 + 46 = 115

⇒ 115 + 69 = 184

⇒ 184 + 92 = 276

∴ Missing number = 115

96

Find the missing number of series?

152, 593, ? ,1747,2476

  1. ((a))

    1425

  2. ((b))

    1224

  3. ((c))

    1136

  4. ((d))

    1226

  5. ((e))

    1122

Show Answer
Answer: ((e))

1122

Given series:

152, 593, ?, 1747, 2476

Calculation:

⇒ 152 → 593 = +441 = 21²

⇒ Pattern: +21², +23², +25², +27²

⇒ Missing = 593 + 23² = 593 + 529 = 1122

⇒ 1122 + 25² = 1747

∴ Missing number = 1122

97

A man can do work in 20 days. The efficiency of a man and woman is 5:4. Find approximately how many days 5 men and 4 women complete the double of the work?

  1. ((a))

    6

  2. ((b))

    3

  3. ((c))

    10

  4. ((d))

    15

  5. ((e))

    5

Show Answer
Answer: ((e))

5

Shortcut Trick

Efficiency ratio M : W = 5 : 4

Total Work = 1 Man × 20 days = 5 × 20 = 100 units

Double Work = 100 × 2 = 200 units

Combined Efficiency (5M + 4W) = (5 × 5) + (4 × 4) = 25 + 16 = 41 units/day

Days required = 200 ÷ 41 ≈ 4.87 ≈ 5 days

∴ The correct answer is 5 days.

Alternate Method

EntityEfficiency (e)Total Work (W)New Group
1 Man5100 units5 Men = 25
1 Woman44 Women = 16

Given: Efficiency of 1 Man = 5 units/day, Efficiency of 1 Woman = 4 units/day.

Formula: Total Work = Efficiency × Time; Required Time = Work ÷ Total Efficiency

⇒ Total Work (Original) = 1 × 5 × 20 = 100 units

⇒ Target Work (Double) = 100 × 2 = 200 units

⇒ Total Efficiency of 5 Men and 4 Women = (5 × 5) + (4 × 4)

⇒ Total Efficiency = 25 + 16 = 41 units/day

⇒ Required Days = 200 ÷ 41 = 4.878...

⇒ Approximate Days ≈ 5 days

∴ The correct answer is 5 days.

Additional Information

Work-Efficiency Relationship

Total work remains constant when comparing different groups using the formula M1D1E1/W1 = M2D2E2/W2.

Combined Efficiency

When multiple individuals work together, their individual efficiencies (work done per unit time) are added to find the total output rate.

98

Speed of the boat upstream is 24 km/hr and the boat cover 72 km in 2 hours downstream. Find the time taken by boat to go 120 km and return?

  1. ((a))

    11.25

  2. ((b))

    9.33

  3. ((c))

    15.33

  4. ((d))

    8.33

  5. ((e))

    5.65

Show Answer
Answer: ((d))

8.33

Shortcut Trick

Upstream speed (u) = 24 km/hr

Downstream speed (v) = 72 km ÷ 2 hr = 36 km/hr

Total time for 120 km round trip = (Distance ÷ u) + (Distance ÷ v)

Total time = (120 ÷ 24) + (120 ÷ 36) = 5 + 3.33 = 8.33 hours

∴ The correct answer is 8.33 hours.

Alternate Method

Given:

Upstream Speed = 24 km/hr

Downstream Distance = 72 km, Downstream Time = 2 hours

Round Trip Distance = 120 km one way

Formula Used:

Speed = Distance ÷ Time

Total Time = (Distance ÷ Upstream Speed) + (Distance ÷ Downstream Speed)

Calculations:

⇒ Downstream Speed = 72 ÷ 2 = 36 km/hr

⇒ Time taken to go 120 km (Downstream) = 120 ÷ 36 = 10 ÷ 3 = 3.333... hours

⇒ Time taken to return 120 km (Upstream) = 120 ÷ 24 = 5 hours

⇒ Total Time = 5 + 3.333... = 8.333... hours

∴ The correct answer is 8.33 hours.

Additional Information

Speed of Boat and Stream

If speed of boat in still water is x and speed of stream is y, then Downstream Speed (v) = x + y and Upstream Speed (u) = x − y.

Calculating x and y from u and v

Speed of boat in still water (x) = (v + u) ÷ 2 and Speed of stream (y) = (v − u) ÷ 2.

Average Speed for Round Trip

Average Speed = (2 × u × v) ÷ (u + v). This is the harmonic mean of the upstream and downstream speeds.

99

A number x is 40% more than y. y is 60% more than z. v is 20% less than y then finds the x is approximately is how much percent of v?

  1. ((a))

    325%

  2. ((b))

    185%

  3. ((c))

    195%

  4. ((d))

    175%

  5. ((e))

    225%

Show Answer
Answer: ((d))

175%

Shortcut Trick

Assume y = 100 units.

x = 140% of y = 140.

v = 80% of y = 80.

Required % = (x ÷ v) × 100 = (140 ÷ 80) × 100 = 1.75 × 100 = 175%.

∴ The correct answer is 175%.

Alternate Method

Given:

x = y + 40% of y = 1.4y

v = y − 20% of y = 0.8y

Calculations:

⇒ Relationship between x and v: x / v = 1.4y / 0.8y

⇒ x / v = 14 / 8 = 7 / 4

⇒ Required Percentage = (x / v) × 100

⇒ Percentage = (7 / 4) × 100

⇒ Percentage = 7 × 25 = 175%

∴ The correct answer is 175%.

Additional Information

Percentage Change

To increase a value by a%, multiply by (1 + a/100). To decrease by a%, multiply by (1 − a/100).

Base Value Selection

When comparing multiple variables to one common variable, assume the common variable (here 'y') as 100 for easier calculation.

Successive Percentage

If a value changes by a% then b%, the net change is [a + b + (a×b)/100]%.

100

A square inscribed in a circle. The circumference of the circle is 528. The side of the square is equal to the side of a cube. Find the surface are of the cube? 

  1. ((a))

    80742

  2. ((b))

    81654

  3. ((c))

    89654

  4. ((d))

    84672

  5. ((e))

    84562

Show Answer
Answer: ((d))

84672

Shortcut Trick

Circumference = 528 ⇒ 2 × (22/7) × Radius = 528 ⇒ Radius = 84.

Diagonal of square = Diameter of circle = 2 × 84 = 168.

Side of square (a) = 168 / √2.

Surface area of cube = 6 × a2 = 6 × (168 / √2)2 = 6 × 168 × 168 / 2 = 3 × 168 × 168.

Surface area = 84672.

∴ The correct answer is 84672.

Alternate Method

Given: Circumference (C) = 528; Side of square = Side of cube (s).

Formula Used: Circumference = 2πr; Diagonal of square = s√2; Total Surface Area (TSA) of cube = 6s2.

⇒ 2 × (22/7) × r = 528

r = (528 × 7) / 44 = 12 × 7 = 84

Diameter (d) = 2 × 84 = 168

Diagonal of inscribed square = Diameter of circle = 168

⇒ s√2 = 168 ⇒ s = 168 / √2

TSA of cube = 6 × s2 = 6 × (168 / √2)2

TSA = 6 × (28224 / 2) = 3 × 28224 = 84672

∴ The correct answer is 84672.

Additional Information

Inscribed Square Property

When a square is inscribed in a circle, the diagonal of the square is always equal to the diameter of the circle (d = s√2).

Cube Surface Area

The Total Surface Area of a cube is given by 6 × (side)2, while the Lateral Surface Area is 4 × (side)2.

Circle Relations

Area of circle = πr2 and Circumference = 2πr. For quick calculations, if radius is 7, circumference is 44 and area is 154.

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