IBPS PO Mains Memory Based Paper (Held On: 12 October 2025) (Previous Year Paper)

Given: There are three rows, i.e., Row A, Row B, and Row C. Row A is north of Row B and Row B is north of Row C. Four people sit in Row A and Row C each, while eight people sit in Row B. Four persons from the left end of Row B face the persons sitting in Row A, and the remaining four persons face the persons sitting in Row C. Persons sitting in Row A face south, and persons sitting in Row C face north. All persons sit opposite exactly one person.

1. The person who sits opposite T sits third to the left of M, who does not face south.

Here, we have 2 Cases, i.e., Case 1 and Case 2.

2. Two people sit between K and T. 

3. K does not face north. 

4. The person who sits opposite R sits second to the right of K.

5. As many persons sit between R and M as between P and J.

6. J does not face north and does not sit in Row B.

7. P does not sit at any extreme end.

Now, we can eliminate Case 2 and have a subcase of Case 1.

8. The person sitting opposite to P sits fourth to the right of D.

9. Three people sit between D and H.

10. As many persons sit to the right of H as to the left of V in the same row.

11. S and N are immediate neighbours, but neither of them faces south.

12. S is not an immediate neighbour of T and H.

Now, we can eliminate Case 1a.

13. X sits opposite C, who does not sit in Row B. 
14. F does not face north. 
15. The number of persons sitting between X and H is one less than the number of persons sitting to the right of A.
16. A does not face south.
17. K does not face E. 

This is our final arrangement,

Hence, the correct answer is A is the only neighbour of M.

Given: There are three rows, i.e., Row A, Row B, and Row C. Row A is north of Row B and Row B is north of Row C. Four people sit in Row A and Row C each, while eight people sit in Row B. Four persons from the left end of Row B face the persons sitting in Row A, and the remaining four persons face the persons sitting in Row C. Persons sitting in Row A face south, and persons sitting in Row C face north. All persons sit opposite exactly one person.

1. The person who sits opposite T sits third to the left of M, who does not face south.

Here, we have 2 Cases, i.e., Case 1 and Case 2.

2. Two people sit between K and T. 

3. K does not face north. 

4. The person who sits opposite R sits second to the right of K.

5. As many persons sit between R and M as between P and J.

6. J does not face north and does not sit in Row B.

7. P does not sit at any extreme end.

Now, we can eliminate Case 2 and have a subcase of Case 1.

8. The person sitting opposite to P sits fourth to the right of D.

9. Three people sit between D and H.

10. As many persons sit to the right of H as to the left of V in the same row.

11. S and N are immediate neighbours, but neither of them faces south.

12. S is not an immediate neighbour of T and H.

Now, we can eliminate Case 1a.

13. X sits opposite C, who does not sit in Row B. 
14. F does not face north. 
15. The number of persons sitting between X and H is one less than the number of persons sitting to the right of A.
16. A does not face south.
17. K does not face E. 

This is our final arrangement,

Hence, the correct answer is V.

Given: There are three rows, i.e., Row A, Row B, and Row C. Row A is north of Row B and Row B is north of Row C. Four people sit in Row A and Row C each, while eight people sit in Row B. Four persons from the left end of Row B face the persons sitting in Row A, and the remaining four persons face the persons sitting in Row C. Persons sitting in Row A face south, and persons sitting in Row C face north. All persons sit opposite exactly one person.

1. The person who sits opposite T sits third to the left of M, who does not face south.

Here, we have 2 Cases, i.e., Case 1 and Case 2.

2. Two people sit between K and T. 

3. K does not face north. 

4. The person who sits opposite R sits second to the right of K.

5. As many persons sit between R and M as between P and J.

6. J does not face north and does not sit in Row B.

7. P does not sit at any extreme end.

Now, we can eliminate Case 2 and have a subcase of Case 1.

8. The person sitting opposite to P sits fourth to the right of D.

9. Three people sit between D and H.

10. As many persons sit to the right of H as to the left of V in the same row.

11. S and N are immediate neighbours, but neither of them faces south.

12. S is not an immediate neighbour of T and H.

Now, we can eliminate Case 1a.

13. X sits opposite C, who does not sit in Row B. 
14. F does not face north. 
15. The number of persons sitting between X and H is one less than the number of persons sitting to the right of A.
16. A does not face south.
17. K does not face E. 

This is our final arrangement,

Hence, the correct answer is X.

Given: There are three rows, i.e., Row A, Row B, and Row C. Row A is north of Row B and Row B is north of Row C. Four people sit in Row A and Row C each, while eight people sit in Row B. Four persons from the left end of Row B face the persons sitting in Row A, and the remaining four persons face the persons sitting in Row C. Persons sitting in Row A face south, and persons sitting in Row C face north. All persons sit opposite exactly one person.

1. The person who sits opposite T sits third to the left of M, who does not face south.

Here, we have 2 Cases, i.e., Case 1 and Case 2.

2. Two people sit between K and T. 

3. K does not face north. 

4. The person who sits opposite R sits second to the right of K.

5. As many persons sit between R and M as between P and J.

6. J does not face north and does not sit in Row B.

7. P does not sit at any extreme end.

Now, we can eliminate Case 2 and have a subcase of Case 1.

8. The person sitting opposite to P sits fourth to the right of D.

9. Three people sit between D and H.

10. As many persons sit to the right of H as to the left of V in the same row.

11. S and N are immediate neighbours, but neither of them faces south.

12. S is not an immediate neighbour of T and H.

Now, we can eliminate Case 1a.

13. X sits opposite C, who does not sit in Row B. 
14. F does not face north. 
15. The number of persons sitting between X and H is one less than the number of persons sitting to the right of A.
16. A does not face south.
17. K does not face E. 

This is our final arrangement,

Hence, the correct answer is Two.

Given: There are three rows, i.e., Row A, Row B, and Row C. Row A is north of Row B and Row B is north of Row C. Four people sit in Row A and Row C each, while eight people sit in Row B. Four persons from the left end of Row B face the persons sitting in Row A, and the remaining four persons face the persons sitting in Row C. Persons sitting in Row A face south, and persons sitting in Row C face north. All persons sit opposite exactly one person.

1. The person who sits opposite T sits third to the left of M, who does not face south.

Here, we have 2 Cases, i.e., Case 1 and Case 2.

2. Two people sit between K and T. 

3. K does not face north. 

4. The person who sits opposite R sits second to the right of K.

5. As many persons sit between R and M as between P and J.

6. J does not face north and does not sit in Row B.

7. P does not sit at any extreme end.

Now, we can eliminate Case 2 and have a subcase of Case 1.

8. The person sitting opposite to P sits fourth to the right of D.

9. Three people sit between D and H.

10. As many persons sit to the right of H as to the left of V in the same row.

11. S and N are immediate neighbours, but neither of them faces south.

12. S is not an immediate neighbour of T and H.

Now, we can eliminate Case 1a.

13. X sits opposite C, who does not sit in Row B.  14. F does not face north.  15. The number of persons sitting between X and H is one less than the number of persons sitting to the right of A.
14. A does not face south. 17. K does not face E. 

This is our final arrangement,

Hence, the correct answer is Second to the right.

Given: There are four people, Kevin, Martin, Oliver, and Patrick, who start travelling from point Q in alphabetical order according to their names. Each person travels once in the given order, and then the sequence repeats again in the same alphabetical order.

Example: If four persons, Allen, Bruce, Carter, and David, start travelling from point Z, then

♥5A, ♣7D, ♦4F, ♠6K, ♥3P, ♠8R, ♣2T, ♦9M

Here, Allen travels first, then Bruce, then Carter, and finally David. After one complete cycle, they again move in the same order.

Note 1: ♠ → East, ♣ → West, ♥ → North, ♦ → South

Note 2: Symbol represents direction, digit represents distance travelled, and letter represents the point reached.

Note 3: Instructions are followed from left to right.

Now study the following information carefully and answer the questions:

♠6A, ♥4D, ♣9F, ♦5H

Kevin travelled 6 units towards East and reached point A, Martin travelled 4 units towards North and reached point D, Oliver travelled 9 units towards West and reached point F, and Patrick travelled 5 units towards South and reached point H.

 

♥7J, ♠3K, ♦6L, ♣8M

Kevin travelled 7 units towards North and reached point J, Martin travelled 3 units towards East and reached point K, Oliver travelled 6 units towards South and reached point L, and Patrick travelled 8 units towards West and reached point M.

♣5N, ♦3P, ♠7R, ♥2S

Kevin travelled 5 units towards West and reached point N, Martin travelled 3 units towards South and reached point P, Oliver travelled 7 units towards East and reached point R, and Patrick travelled 2 units towards North and reached point S.

♦3T, ♣6U, ♥5V, ♠4W

Kevin travelled 3 units towards South and reached point T, Martin travelled 6 units towards West and reached point U, Oliver travelled 5 units towards North and reached point V, and Patrick travelled 4 units towards East and reached point W.

This is our final arrangement,

Hence, the correct answer is South-west.

Given: There are four people, Kevin, Martin, Oliver, and Patrick, who start travelling from point Q in alphabetical order according to their names. Each person travels once in the given order, and then the sequence repeats again in the same alphabetical order.

Example: If four persons, Allen, Bruce, Carter, and David, start travelling from point Z, then

♥5A, ♣7D, ♦4F, ♠6K, ♥3P, ♠8R, ♣2T, ♦9M

Here, Allen travels first, then Bruce, then Carter, and finally David. After one complete cycle, they again move in the same order.

Note 1: ♠ → East, ♣ → West, ♥ → North, ♦ → South

Note 2: Symbol represents direction, digit represents distance travelled, and letter represents the point reached.

Note 3: Instructions are followed from left to right.

Now study the following information carefully and answer the questions:

♠6A, ♥4D, ♣9F, ♦5H

Kevin travelled 6 units towards East and reached point A, Martin travelled 4 units towards North and reached point D, Oliver travelled 9 units towards West and reached point F, and Patrick travelled 5 units towards South and reached point H.

 

♥7J, ♠3K, ♦6L, ♣8M

Kevin travelled 7 units towards North and reached point J, Martin travelled 3 units towards East and reached point K, Oliver travelled 6 units towards South and reached point L, and Patrick travelled 8 units towards West and reached point M.

♣5N, ♦3P, ♠7R, ♥2S

Kevin travelled 5 units towards West and reached point N, Martin travelled 3 units towards South and reached point P, Oliver travelled 7 units towards East and reached point R, and Patrick travelled 2 units towards North and reached point S.

♦3T, ♣6U, ♥5V, ♠4W

Kevin travelled 3 units towards South and reached point T, Martin travelled 6 units towards West and reached point U, Oliver travelled 5 units towards North and reached point V, and Patrick travelled 4 units towards East and reached point W.

This is our final arrangement,

AT = √(5² + 4²) = √(25 + 16) = √41

Hence, the correct answer is √41 units.

Given: There are four people, Kevin, Martin, Oliver, and Patrick, who start travelling from point Q in alphabetical order according to their names. Each person travels once in the given order, and then the sequence repeats again in the same alphabetical order.

Example: If four persons, Allen, Bruce, Carter, and David, start travelling from point Z, then

♥5A, ♣7D, ♦4F, ♠6K, ♥3P, ♠8R, ♣2T, ♦9M

Here, Allen travels first, then Bruce, then Carter, and finally David. After one complete cycle, they again move in the same order.

Note 1: ♠ → East, ♣ → West, ♥ → North, ♦ → South

Note 2: Symbol represents direction, digit represents distance travelled, and letter represents the point reached.

Note 3: Instructions are followed from left to right.

Now study the following information carefully and answer the questions:

♠6A, ♥4D, ♣9F, ♦5H

Kevin travelled 6 units towards East and reached point A, Martin travelled 4 units towards North and reached point D, Oliver travelled 9 units towards West and reached point F, and Patrick travelled 5 units towards South and reached point H.

 

♥7J, ♠3K, ♦6L, ♣8M

Kevin travelled 7 units towards North and reached point J, Martin travelled 3 units towards East and reached point K, Oliver travelled 6 units towards South and reached point L, and Patrick travelled 8 units towards West and reached point M.

♣5N, ♦3P, ♠7R, ♥2S

Kevin travelled 5 units towards West and reached point N, Martin travelled 3 units towards South and reached point P, Oliver travelled 7 units towards East and reached point R, and Patrick travelled 2 units towards North and reached point S.

♦3T, ♣6U, ♥5V, ♠4W

Kevin travelled 3 units towards South and reached point T, Martin travelled 6 units towards West and reached point U, Oliver travelled 5 units towards North and reached point V, and Patrick travelled 4 units towards East and reached point W.

This is our final arrangement,

Hence, the correct answer is North-west.

Given: There are four people, Kevin, Martin, Oliver, and Patrick, who start travelling from point Q in alphabetical order according to their names. Each person travels once in the given order, and then the sequence repeats again in the same alphabetical order.

Example: If four persons, Allen, Bruce, Carter, and David, start travelling from point Z, then

♥5A, ♣7D, ♦4F, ♠6K, ♥3P, ♠8R, ♣2T, ♦9M

Here, Allen travels first, then Bruce, then Carter, and finally David. After one complete cycle, they again move in the same order.

Note 1: ♠ → East, ♣ → West, ♥ → North, ♦ → South

Note 2: Symbol represents direction, digit represents distance travelled, and letter represents the point reached.

Note 3: Instructions are followed from left to right.

Now study the following information carefully and answer the questions:

♠6A, ♥4D, ♣9F, ♦5H

Kevin travelled 6 units towards East and reached point A, Martin travelled 4 units towards North and reached point D, Oliver travelled 9 units towards West and reached point F, and Patrick travelled 5 units towards South and reached point H.

 

♥7J, ♠3K, ♦6L, ♣8M

Kevin travelled 7 units towards North and reached point J, Martin travelled 3 units towards East and reached point K, Oliver travelled 6 units towards South and reached point L, and Patrick travelled 8 units towards West and reached point M.

♣5N, ♦3P, ♠7R, ♥2S

Kevin travelled 5 units towards West and reached point N, Martin travelled 3 units towards South and reached point P, Oliver travelled 7 units towards East and reached point R, and Patrick travelled 2 units towards North and reached point S.

♦3T, ♣6U, ♥5V, ♠4W

Kevin travelled 3 units towards South and reached point T, Martin travelled 6 units towards West and reached point U, Oliver travelled 5 units towards North and reached point V, and Patrick travelled 4 units towards East and reached point W.

This is our final arrangement,

Kevin = 6 + 7 + 5 + 3 = 21 units

Martin = 4 + 3 + 3 + 6 = 16 units

Oliver = 9 + 6 + 7 + 5 = 27 units

Patrick = 5 + 8 + 2 + 4 = 19 units

Hence, the correct answer is Oliver.

Given: Seven letters are arranged to form a meaningful word.

1. Only two letters are placed between B and R; either one of them is at the left end.

Here, we have 2 Cases, i.e., Case 1 and Case 2.

Case 1: B _ _ R _ _ _

Case 2: R _ _ B _ _ _

2. I is placed immediately to the right of R.

Case 1: B _ _ R I _ _ 

Case 2: R I _ B _ _ _

3. As many letters are there to the left of E as to the right of N.

Here, we have subcases of Case 1 and Case 2.

Case 1: B E _ R I N _ 

Case 1a: B N _ R I E _ 

Case 2: R I E B N _ _

Case 2a: R I N B E _ _

4. G is placed immediately to the right of N.

Now, we can eliminate Case 2 and Case 2a.

Case 1: B E _ R I N G

Case 1a: B N G R I E _ 

5. E is placed immediately to the left of A.

Case 1: B E A R I N G

Case 1a: B N G R I E A 

In case 1a, it's not a meaningful word, so it's eliminated.

Meaningful word: BEARING

The fourth letter from the left end is = R

Hence, the correct answer is R.

Given: There are six persons, namely, G, H, I, J, K, and L, designated at six different posts in an organization: Director, Deputy Director, Supervisor, Coordinator, Analyst, and HR Officer. They belong to six different states, Punjab, Odisha, Bihar, Karnataka, Assam, and Kerala, and like six different games, Chess, Volleyball, Cricket, Tennis, Kabaddi, and Hockey, but not necessarily in the same order.

1. L is designated three positions junior to the person who belongs to Kerala and immediately senior to the person who likes Tennis.

Here, we have 2 Cases, i.e., Case 1 and Case 2.

 

2. One person is designated between the persons who like Tennis and Cricket.  3. No person is designated between the person who likes Cricket and the person who belongs to Bihar.

 

4. Two persons are designated between the person who belongs to Bihar and the person who likes Hockey.

 

5. J is designated immediate junior to the person who likes Hockey and senior to G. 6. The person from Odisha is designated three persons senior to G.

Here, we have 2 subcases of Case 1 and Case 2.

 

 

7. I is designated junior to the Deputy Director. 8. Two persons are designated between I and the person who belongs to Karnataka, where I is junior to the person who belongs to Karnataka.

 

 

9. K is three positions senior to the person from Assam and does not like Volleyball.

 

 

10. H is designated junior to the person from Karnataka and immediate senior to the person who likes Kabaddi.

Now, we can eliminate Case 1, Case 1a, and Case 2a. (Also from point 9)

 

This is our final arrangement,

 

Hence, the correct answer is J.

Given: There are six persons, namely, G, H, I, J, K, and L, designated at six different posts in an organization: Director, Deputy Director, Supervisor, Coordinator, Analyst, and HR Officer. They belong to six different states, Punjab, Odisha, Bihar, Karnataka, Assam, and Kerala, and like six different games, Chess, Volleyball, Cricket, Tennis, Kabaddi, and Hockey, but not necessarily in the same order.

1. L is designated three positions junior to the person who belongs to Kerala and immediately senior to the person who likes Tennis.

Here, we have 2 Cases, i.e., Case 1 and Case 2.

 

2. One person is designated between the persons who like Tennis and Cricket. 
3. No person is designated between the person who likes Cricket and the person who belongs to Bihar.

 

4. Two persons are designated between the person who belongs to Bihar and the person who likes Hockey.

 

5. J is designated immediate junior to the person who likes Hockey and senior to G.
6. The person from Odisha is designated three persons senior to G.

Here, we have 2 subcases of Case 1 and Case 2.

 

 

7. I is designated junior to the Deputy Director.
8. Two persons are designated between I and the person who belongs to Karnataka, where I is junior to the person who belongs to Karnataka.

 

 

9. K is three positions senior to the person from Assam and does not like Volleyball.

 

 

10. H is designated junior to the person from Karnataka and immediate senior to the person who likes Kabaddi.

Now, we can eliminate Case 1, Case 1a, and Case 2a. (Also from point 9)

 

This is our final arrangement,

 

Hence, the correct answer is Punjab.

Given: There are six persons, namely, G, H, I, J, K, and L, designated at six different posts in an organization: Director, Deputy Director, Supervisor, Coordinator, Analyst, and HR Officer. They belong to six different states, Punjab, Odisha, Bihar, Karnataka, Assam, and Kerala, and like six different games, Chess, Volleyball, Cricket, Tennis, Kabaddi, and Hockey, but not necessarily in the same order.

1. L is designated three positions junior to the person who belongs to Kerala and immediately senior to the person who likes Tennis.

Here, we have 2 Cases, i.e., Case 1 and Case 2.

 

2. One person is designated between the persons who like Tennis and Cricket. 
3. No person is designated between the person who likes Cricket and the person who belongs to Bihar.

 

4. Two persons are designated between the person who belongs to Bihar and the person who likes Hockey.

 

5. J is designated immediate junior to the person who likes Hockey and senior to G.
6. The person from Odisha is designated three persons senior to G.

Here, we have 2 subcases of Case 1 and Case 2.

 

 

7. I is designated junior to the Deputy Director.
8. Two persons are designated between I and the person who belongs to Karnataka, where I is junior to the person who belongs to Karnataka.

 

 

9. K is three positions senior to the person from Assam and does not like Volleyball.

 

 

10. H is designated junior to the person from Karnataka and immediate senior to the person who likes Kabaddi.

Now, we can eliminate Case 1, Case 1a, and Case 2a. (Also from point 9)

 

This is our final arrangement,

 

Hence, the correct answer is The person from Bihar - Analyst.

Given: There are six persons, namely, G, H, I, J, K, and L, designated at six different posts in an organization: Director, Deputy Director, Supervisor, Coordinator, Analyst, and HR Officer. They belong to six different states, Punjab, Odisha, Bihar, Karnataka, Assam, and Kerala, and like six different games, Chess, Volleyball, Cricket, Tennis, Kabaddi, and Hockey, but not necessarily in the same order.

1. L is designated three positions junior to the person who belongs to Kerala and immediately senior to the person who likes Tennis.

Here, we have 2 Cases, i.e., Case 1 and Case 2.

 

2. One person is designated between the persons who like Tennis and Cricket. 
3. No person is designated between the person who likes Cricket and the person who belongs to Bihar.

 

4. Two persons are designated between the person who belongs to Bihar and the person who likes Hockey.

 

5. J is designated immediate junior to the person who likes Hockey and senior to G.
6. The person from Odisha is designated three persons senior to G.

Here, we have 2 subcases of Case 1 and Case 2.

 

 

7. I is designated junior to the Deputy Director.
8. Two persons are designated between I and the person who belongs to Karnataka, where I is junior to the person who belongs to Karnataka.

 

 

9. K is three positions senior to the person from Assam and does not like Volleyball.

 

 

10. H is designated junior to the person from Karnataka and immediate senior to the person who likes Kabaddi.

Now, we can eliminate Case 1, Case 1a, and Case 2a. (Also from point 9)

 

This is our final arrangement,

 

Hence, the correct answer is H - Deputy Director - Hockey.

Given: There are six persons, namely, G, H, I, J, K, and L, designated at six different posts in an organization: Director, Deputy Director, Supervisor, Coordinator, Analyst, and HR Officer. They belong to six different states, Punjab, Odisha, Bihar, Karnataka, Assam, and Kerala, and like six different games, Chess, Volleyball, Cricket, Tennis, Kabaddi, and Hockey, but not necessarily in the same order.

1. L is designated three positions junior to the person who belongs to Kerala and immediately senior to the person who likes Tennis.

Here, we have 2 Cases, i.e., Case 1 and Case 2.

 

2. One person is designated between the persons who like Tennis and Cricket. 
3. No person is designated between the person who likes Cricket and the person who belongs to Bihar.

 

4. Two persons are designated between the person who belongs to Bihar and the person who likes Hockey.

 

5. J is designated immediate junior to the person who likes Hockey and senior to G.
6. The person from Odisha is designated three persons senior to G.

Here, we have 2 subcases of Case 1 and Case 2.

 

 

7. I is designated junior to the Deputy Director.
8. Two persons are designated between I and the person who belongs to Karnataka, where I is junior to the person who belongs to Karnataka.

 

 

9. K is three positions senior to the person from Assam and does not like Volleyball.

 

 

10. H is designated junior to the person from Karnataka and immediate senior to the person who likes Kabaddi.

Now, we can eliminate Case 1, Case 1a, and Case 2a. (Also from point 9)

 

This is our final arrangement,

 

Hence, the correct answer is None.

Given: Eight persons, namely, A, B, C, D, E, F, G, and H, are seated around a circular table. Some of them face the centre while the remaining face outside.

1. G sits immediately right of D.
2. D sits second to the right of B. 
3. B does not face inside. 

Here, we have 2 Cases, i.e., Case 1 and Case 2.

4. B sits third to the left of A.
5. C is an immediate neighbour of E.

6. F sits third to the left of H.  7. H is not an immediate neighbour of A. 

Now, we can eliminate Case 2.

8. C and E are not immediate neighbors of B, while C is not an immediate neighbor of H.

Now, we can eliminate Case 1.

9. A and E face opposite directions. 

From note II: Not more than two persons face the same direction consecutively.

10. C and G face the same direction, but are not immediate neighbours. 

From note III: Immediate neighbours of C face the same directions.

This is our circular arrangement,

After some time, they sit in a straight line such that the persons who faced inside in the circular arrangement now face north, and the remaining face south.

1. E sits third from the left end of the row. 

2. G is an immediate neighbour of E.

3. B sits third to the right of G but doesn't sit at the end. 

4. Two people sit between B and D.

Now, we can eliminate Case 2.

5. C is not an immediate neighbour of B and G. 

From notes I, II, and III,

This is our final linear arrangement,

Hence, the correct answer is Third to the right.

Given: Eight persons, namely, A, B, C, D, E, F, G, and H, are seated around a circular table. Some of them face the centre while the remaining face outside.

1. G sits immediately right of D.
2. D sits second to the right of B. 
3. B does not face inside. 

Here, we have 2 Cases, i.e., Case 1 and Case 2.

4. B sits third to the left of A.

5. C is an immediate neighbour of E.

6. F sits third to the left of H. 

7. H is not an immediate neighbour of A. 

Now, we can eliminate Case 2.

8. C and E are not immediate neighbors of B, while C is not an immediate neighbor of H.

Now, we can eliminate Case 1.

9. A and E face opposite directions. 

From note II: Not more than two persons face the same direction consecutively.

10. C and G face the same direction, but are not immediate neighbours. 

From note III: Immediate neighbours of C face the same directions.

This is our circular arrangement,

After some time, they sit in a straight line such that the persons who faced inside in the circular arrangement now face north, and the remaining face south.

1. E sits third from the left end of the row. 

2. G is an immediate neighbour of E.

3. B sits third to the right of G but doesn't sit at the end. 

4. Two people sit between B and D.

Now, we can eliminate Case 2.

5. C is not an immediate neighbour of B and G. 

From notes I, II, and III,

This is our final linear arrangement,

Hence, the correct answer is Two.

Given: Eight persons, namely, A, B, C, D, E, F, G, and H, are seated around a circular table. Some of them face the centre while the remaining face outside.

1. G sits immediately right of D.
2. D sits second to the right of B. 
3. B does not face inside. 

Here, we have 2 Cases, i.e., Case 1 and Case 2.

4. B sits third to the left of A.

5. C is an immediate neighbour of E.

6. F sits third to the left of H. 

7. H is not an immediate neighbour of A. 

Now, we can eliminate Case 2.

8. C and E are not immediate neighbors of B, while C is not an immediate neighbor of H.

Now, we can eliminate Case 1.

9. A and E face opposite directions. 

From note II: Not more than two persons face the same direction consecutively.

10. C and G face the same direction, but are not immediate neighbours. 

From note III: Immediate neighbours of C face the same directions.

This is our circular arrangement,

After some time, they sit in a straight line such that the persons who faced inside in the circular arrangement now face north, and the remaining face south.

1. E sits third from the left end of the row. 

2. G is an immediate neighbour of E.

3. B sits third to the right of G but doesn't sit at the end. 

4. Two people sit between B and D.

Now, we can eliminate Case 2.

5. C is not an immediate neighbour of B and G. 

From notes I, II, and III,

This is our final linear arrangement,

Hence, the correct answer is C.

Given: Eight persons, namely, A, B, C, D, E, F, G, and H, are seated around a circular table. Some of them face the centre while the remaining face outside.

1. G sits immediately right of D.
2. D sits second to the right of B. 
3. B does not face inside. 

Here, we have 2 Cases, i.e., Case 1 and Case 2.

4. B sits third to the left of A.

5. C is an immediate neighbour of E.

6. F sits third to the left of H. 

7. H is not an immediate neighbour of A. 

Now, we can eliminate Case 2.

8. C and E are not immediate neighbors of B, while C is not an immediate neighbor of H.

Now, we can eliminate Case 1.

9. A and E face opposite directions. 

From note II: Not more than two persons face the same direction consecutively.

10. C and G face the same direction, but are not immediate neighbours. 

From note III: Immediate neighbours of C face the same directions.

This is our circular arrangement,

After some time, they sit in a straight line such that the persons who faced inside in the circular arrangement now face north, and the remaining face south.

1. E sits third from the left end of the row. 

2. G is an immediate neighbour of E.

3. B sits third to the right of G but doesn't sit at the end. 

4. Two people sit between B and D.

Now, we can eliminate Case 2.

5. C is not an immediate neighbour of B and G. 

From notes I, II, and III,

This is our final linear arrangement,

Hence, the correct answer is G, C.

Given: Eight persons, namely, A, B, C, D, E, F, G, and H, are seated around a circular table. Some of them face the centre while the remaining face outside.

1. G sits immediately right of D.
2. D sits second to the right of B. 
3. B does not face inside. 

Here, we have 2 Cases, i.e., Case 1 and Case 2.

4. B sits third to the left of A.

5. C is an immediate neighbour of E.

6. F sits third to the left of H. 

7. H is not an immediate neighbour of A. 

Now, we can eliminate Case 2.

8. C and E are not immediate neighbors of B, while C is not an immediate neighbor of H.

Now, we can eliminate Case 1.

9. A and E face opposite directions. 

From note II: Not more than two persons face the same direction consecutively.

10. C and G face the same direction, but are not immediate neighbours. 

From note III: Immediate neighbours of C face the same directions.

This is our circular arrangement,

After some time, they sit in a straight line such that the persons who faced inside in the circular arrangement now face north, and the remaining face south.

1. E sits third from the left end of the row. 

2. G is an immediate neighbour of E.

3. B sits third to the right of G but doesn't sit at the end. 

4. Two people sit between B and D.

Now, we can eliminate Case 2.

5. C is not an immediate neighbour of B and G. 

From notes I, II, and III,

This is our final linear arrangement,

Hence, the correct answer is One person sits between F and D in the linear seating arrangement.

Logic:

Words: Words are picked in dictionary order in each step and are placed at the extreme left end after interchanging the position of the second and third letters of the words.

Numbers: Numbers are picked in ascending order in each step and are placed at the extreme right end after multiplying both the digits of the number. 

Input: stone 36 quick 47 panel 28 drift 64 clamp 15

Step I: calmp stone 36 quick 47 panel 28 drift 64 5

Step II: dirft calmp stone 36 quick 47 panel 64 5 16

Step III: pnael dirft calmp stone quick 47 64 5 16 18

Step IV: qiuck pnael dirft calmp stone 64 5 16 18 28

Step V: sotne qiuck pnael dirft calmp 5 16 18 28 24

This is our final step.

Hence, the correct answer is 47.

Logic:

Words: Words are picked in dictionary order in each step and are placed at the extreme left end after interchanging the position of the second and third letters of the words.

Numbers: Numbers are picked in ascending order in each step and are placed at the extreme right end after multiplying both the digits of the number. 

Input: stone 36 quick 47 panel 28 drift 64 clamp 15

Step I: calmp stone 36 quick 47 panel 28 drift 64 5

Step II: dirft calmp stone 36 quick 47 panel 64 5 16

Step III: pnael dirft calmp stone quick 47 64 5 16 18

Step IV: qiuck pnael dirft calmp stone 64 5 16 18 28

Step V: sotne qiuck pnael dirft calmp 5 16 18 28 24

This is our final step.

Hence, the correct answer is Step III.

Logic:

Words: Words are picked in dictionary order in each step and are placed at the extreme left end after interchanging the position of the second and third letters of the words.

Numbers: Numbers are picked in ascending order in each step and are placed at the extreme right end after multiplying both the digits of the number. 

Input: stone 36 quick 47 panel 28 drift 64 clamp 15

Step I: calmp stone 36 quick 47 panel 28 drift 64 5

Step II: dirft calmp stone 36 quick 47 panel 64 5 16

Step III: pnael dirft calmp stone quick 47 64 5 16 18

Step IV: qiuck pnael dirft calmp stone 64 5 16 18 28

Step V: sotne qiuck pnael dirft calmp 5 16 18 28 24

This is our final step.

Sum = 16 + 28 + 24 = 68

Hence, the correct answer is 68.

Logic:

Words: Words are picked in dictionary order in each step and are placed at the extreme left end after interchanging the position of the second and third letters of the words.

Numbers: Numbers are picked in ascending order in each step and are placed at the extreme right end after multiplying both the digits of the number. 

Input: stone 36 quick 47 panel 28 drift 64 clamp 15

Step I: calmp stone 36 quick 47 panel 28 drift 64 5

Step II: dirft calmp stone 36 quick 47 panel 64 5 16

Step III: pnael dirft calmp stone quick 47 64 5 16 18

Step IV: qiuck pnael dirft calmp stone 64 5 16 18 28

Step V: sotne qiuck pnael dirft calmp 5 16 18 28 24

This is our final step.

Hence, the correct answer is stone 64 5.

Logic:

Words: Words are picked in dictionary order in each step and are placed at the extreme left end after interchanging the position of the second and third letters of the words.

Numbers: Numbers are picked in ascending order in each step and are placed at the extreme right end after multiplying both the digits of the number. 

Input: stone 36 quick 47 panel 28 drift 64 clamp 15

Step I: calmp stone 36 quick 47 panel 28 drift 64 5

Step II: dirft calmp stone 36 quick 47 panel 64 5 16

Step III: pnael dirft calmp stone quick 47 64 5 16 18

Step IV: qiuck pnael dirft calmp stone 64 5 16 18 28

Step V: sotne qiuck pnael dirft calmp 5 16 18 28 24

This is our final step.

Hence, the correct answer is drift.

Given number: 5937482615

 

Sum = 2 + 3 = 5

Hence, the correct answer is 5.

Statement I: Point Y is to the east of Z. Point X is 10m north of Y. Point P is 4m west of X.

We don't know the distance between Y and Z, so we can't decide whether point P is in the north-east or the north-west with respect to point Z.

Statement II: Point Z is to the west of X. Point Z is 5m south of W. Point X is 7m north of B. Point B is east of P.

We don't know the distance between X and Z, and B and P, so we can't decide whether point P is in the south-east or the south-west with respect to point Z.

Hence, the correct answer is Data in both statements I and II together are not sufficient.

Statement I: Two books are placed between D and F. As many books are above D as below C. C is adjacent to B. A is placed above E.

Here, we have 4 Cases, i.e., Case 1, Case 2, Case 3, and Case 4.

 

Statement II: Only two books are placed below A. One book is placed between C and A. The number of books above C is the same as the number of books below F. E is placed below B but above D. D is not placed at the bottommost position.

 

So, Book D is 5^th from the top.

Hence, the correct answer is Data in statement II alone are sufficient.

Statement I: Q sits second to the left of R. P sits to the right of Q. V sits at the extreme left end. Q sits third to the right of V.

Statement II: T is an immediate neighbour of Q. S sits to the left of T. P is not an immediate neighbour of S and does not sit at any extreme end.

From I and II,

So, T sits third to the left of R.

Hence, the correct answer is Data in both statements I and II together are sufficient.

Logic:

Digits: Total number of distinct consonants (repeated consonants counted only once) is taken.

Symbols: If the number of letters present in the word is coded as symbols.

8 then it is coded as $

7 then it is coded as #

6 then it is coded as &

5 then it is coded as %

4 then it is coded as @

The code for "Elephant" is "$5".

Hence, the correct answer is $5.$

Logic:

Digits: Total number of distinct consonants (repeated consonants counted only once) is taken.

Symbols: If the number of letters present in the word is coded as symbols.

8 then it is coded as $

7 then it is coded as #

6 then it is coded as &

5 then it is coded as %

4 then it is coded as @

The code for "Forest" is "&4".

The code for "Engine" is "&2".

The code for "Window" is "&3".

The code for "Rockets" is "#5".

Hence, the correct answer is Rockets - #5.$

Logic:

Digits: Total number of distinct consonants (repeated consonants counted only once) is taken.

Symbols: If the number of letters present in the word is coded as symbols.

8 then it is coded as $

7 then it is coded as #

6 then it is coded as &

5 then it is coded as %

4 then it is coded as @

The code for "Airport Banana" is "#3 &2".

Hence, the correct answer is #3 &2.$

Logic:

Digits: Total number of distinct consonants (repeated consonants counted only once) is taken.

Symbols: If the number of letters present in the word is coded as symbols.

8 then it is coded as $

7 then it is coded as #

6 then it is coded as &

5 then it is coded as %

4 then it is coded as @

The code for "Capture" is "#4".

Hence, the correct answer is #4.$

Statement: Traffic congestion in major cities has increased because of a growing population, more vehicles, and long office commutes. To address these issues, many companies introduced hybrid work policies, flexible timings, and remote work arrangements. According to organizations, these measures reduced employee stress, improved work-life balance, and minimized delays caused by traffic. Environmental experts also believe that fewer daily commutes may help reduce fuel consumption and pollution in cities.

Courses of Action:

I. Hybrid and flexible work arrangements can help reduce commuting-related stress and travel time for employees. - Follows (The statement directly mentions that these arrangements reduced employee stress and delays caused by traffic congestion.)

II. Organizations should continue exploring alternative work models to improve operational efficiency and employee well-being. - Follows (Since the implemented measures showed positive outcomes for employees and traffic-related issues, continuing to explore such models is a reasonable course of action.)

III. All companies should permanently eliminate physical office work irrespective of operational requirements. - Doesn't follow (The statement only supports hybrid and flexible work arrangements, not the complete removal of physical office work for every company.)

Hence, the correct answer is Only I and II follow.

Statement: Many metropolitan cities have recently seen a rise in late-night cultural events, concerts, food exhibitions, and entertainment programs. To meet the growing demand from people attending these events, restaurants, cafés, and food delivery services started operating beyond midnight. Analysts noticed that these businesses earned higher revenues and attracted more customers during major events. Urban planners also stated that changing lifestyles and the growing nightlife culture are influencing service industries in cities.

Options:

1. Restaurants and cafés were facing severe financial losses during daytime operations. - Doesn't follow (The statement does not mention any daytime financial losses.)
2. Government authorities made it compulsory for all restaurants to remain open till midnight. - Doesn't follow (No such government rule is mentioned in the statement.)
3. Increased nightlife activities and public events have created greater demand for food and hospitality services during late hours. - Follows (The statement clearly mentions that late-night events and changing nightlife culture increased customer demand and business revenues.)
4. Restaurants planned to permanently stop operating during morning and afternoon hours. - Doesn't follow (The passage only talks about extending operational hours, not stopping daytime operations.)
5. Urban residents had completely shifted from home-cooked meals to restaurant food. - Doesn't follow (The statement does not make any such extreme claim.)

Hence, the correct answer is Increased nightlife activities and public events have created greater demand for food and hospitality services during late hours.

Statement: An IT and consulting company launched an employee wellness campaign that included yoga workshops, mental health counseling, and fitness awareness seminars. Initially, employee registrations for the campaign were low despite proper planning. To improve participation, the HR department extended the registration deadline, sent reminder emails, and asked team leaders to encourage employees personally. After these steps, registrations increased significantly across departments.

Options:

1. Employees generally avoid all wellness-related activities conducted by organizations. - Doesn't follow (The statement only mentions low participation initially, not that employees always avoid such activities.)
2. Reminder communication and additional enrollment time may encourage greater employee participation. - Follows (The HR department extended the deadline and sent reminders, after which registrations increased considerably. This directly supports the assumption.)
3. Employees were dissatisfied with the salaries provided by the organization. - Doesn't follow (No information regarding salaries or dissatisfaction is mentioned.)
4. Team leaders were unwilling to cooperate with the Human Resources department. - Doesn't follow (The statement says team leaders were encouraged to motivate employees; it does not indicate unwillingness.)
5. The company intended to replace physical wellness workshops with online sessions permanently. - Doesn't follow (The statement contains no such information.)

Hence, the correct answer is Reminder communication and additional enrollment time may encourage greater employee participation.

Statements: A well-known bookstore chain organized a special book fair for competitive examination materials in multiple cities. The fair offered heavy discounts on preparation books, practice papers, and test series. Due to very high customer demand, many popular books became unavailable quickly, leading to long queues and repeated requests for restocking. Seeing this strong response, the management decided to extend the fair for four more days and transferred additional stock from warehouses to various branches.

Options:

1. The bookstore chain intended to permanently reduce the prices of all examination books. - Doesn't follow (The statement only mentions discounts during the fair, not a permanent price reduction.)
2. A large number of customers could not purchase desired materials because several books went out of stock early. - **Follows (**The passage clearly states that popular titles were exhausted quickly and customers repeatedly requested restocking. Extending the fair would help meet customer demand.)
3. The company planned to close multiple outlets after the completion of the fair. - Doesn't follow (No such information is mentioned in the statement.)
4. Customer response during the initial days of the event was significantly lower than expected. - Doesn't follow (The statement says the demand was unexpectedly high, not low.)
5. The management wanted to test a new billing system before the next financial quarter. - Doesn't follow (The statement contains no information about any billing system.)

Hence, the correct answer is A large number of customers could not purchase desired materials because several books went out of stock early.

Statements: Residents of a developing residential township were facing difficulties in receiving timely information about maintenance schedules, water and electricity interruptions, visitor rules, and emergency notices. To solve this issue, the managing committee created a centralized mobile communication group for instant updates and digital notices. As a result, residents experienced better coordination and less confusion. However, some residents felt that too many notifications could disturb daily routines and decrease participation in offline community meetings.

Courses of Action:

I. A centralized communication platform can improve the speed and clarity of information sharing among residents. - Follows (The statement clearly shows that after introducing the mobile communication group, residents experienced reduced confusion and improved coordination.)

II. The managing committee should establish clear guidelines regarding the frequency and relevance of notifications. - Follows (Since some residents complained about excessive notifications disturbing their routines, creating notification guidelines would be a practical and reasonable step.)

III. Residents should be prohibited from raising complaints during physical community meetings once digital communication is introduced. - Doesn't follow (The statement does not suggest eliminating physical meetings or preventing residents from expressing concerns offline.)

Hence, the correct answer is Only I and II follow.

Statement: A national retail company launched a digital loyalty platform through its mobile app. Customers could earn reward points, get personalized recommendations, and access special festive offers. After introducing the platform, the company experienced higher repeat purchases, increased app usage, and better customer retention in both metropolitan and semi-urban areas. Experts believed the initiative strengthened customer relationships and encouraged more interaction with the brand. However, some observers also noted that factors like festive season demand, advertising campaigns, and influencer promotions may have contributed to the rise in sales.

Conclusions:

Option 1: The digital loyalty platform was solely responsible for the company’s improved sales performance - Doesn't follow (The passage clearly states that seasonal demand, advertising campaigns, and influencer promotions may also have contributed to the increased sales.)

Option 2: Seasonal demand and marketing campaigns had no influence on customer engagement levels - Doesn't follow (The statement specifically mentions that these external factors may also have played a substantial role.)

Option 3: Customer-focused digital initiatives can contribute positively to brand engagement and repeat purchases - Follows (The company observed improved repeat purchases, app engagement, and customer retention after launching the loyalty platform.)

Option 4: The company should discontinue traditional advertising campaigns and depend entirely on the loyalty platform - Doesn't follow (The passage does not suggest stopping traditional advertising methods.)

Option 5: Customers generally prefer reward points over product quality and pricing - Doesn't follow (The statement provides no comparison between reward points and factors like product quality or pricing.)

Hence, the correct answer is Customer-focused digital initiatives can contribute positively to brand engagement and repeat purchases.

Statement: A reputed educational institution introduced a mentorship program for students preparing for professional entrance exams. The program included regular guidance sessions, workshops, and personalized reviews by experienced faculty members. After six months, students showed better attendance, improved assignment completion, stronger mock test performance, and increased confidence. However, some analysts believed that the improvement may not be solely because of the mentorship program, as factors like upcoming exams and parental supervision could also have played a role.

Assumptions:

I. Regular academic guidance and mentorship can positively influence students’ preparation habits and confidence levels - Follows (The statement mentions that students became more confident, disciplined, and performed better after attending mentorship sessions regularly.)

II. All students who attended the mentorship sessions were academically weak before the program began - Doesn't follow (The statement only says that improvement was observed among participating students; it does not mention that all of them were weak earlier.)

III. External factors such as examination pressure and parental monitoring may also contribute to improved academic performance - Follows (Education analysts argued that approaching exams and parental supervision could also be reasons behind the improvement.)

IV. Students generally avoid participating in structured academic activities unless attendance is compulsory - Doesn't follow (The statement does not mention that attendance was compulsory or that students usually avoid such activities.)

Hence, the correct answer is Only I and III follow.

The correct answer is ₹7,332 crore, March 31, 2030.

Key Points

• The Union Cabinet, chaired by the Prime Minister, has officially approved the extension of the PM Street Vendor’s AtmaNirbhar Nidhi (PM SVANidhi) scheme beyond its previous timeline, now stretching until March 31, 2030.
• To support this extended duration and enhance the scope of the micro-credit facility, a total financial outlay of ₹7,332 crore has been sanctioned by the government.
• The decision aims to provide continued institutional credit to street vendors, ensuring they remain part of the formal urban economy and are protected from the clutches of private money lenders charging exorbitant interest rates.
• Under this extension, the scheme will continue to offer incremental loan tranches of ₹10,000, ₹20,000, and ₹50,000 to vendors upon successful repayment of earlier loans, fostering a culture of credit discipline.
• The extension is expected to benefit nearly 1.2 crore street vendors across the country, focusing on inclusive growth and the economic empowerment of the bottom-of-the-pyramid entrepreneurs.

 Additional Information

• PM SVANidhi Scheme Overview:
• Launch Date: It was launched on June 1, 2020, by the Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs (MoHUA) as a Central Sector Scheme to assist vendors affected by the COVID-19 pandemic lockdowns.
• Interest Subsidy: Beneficiaries are eligible for an interest subsidy of 7% per annum, which is credited directly to their bank accounts on a quarterly basis.
• Digital Incentive: To promote Digital India, the scheme provides monthly cashback to vendors who perform digital transactions, incentivizing the shift toward a cashless economy.
• Eligibility: The scheme covers street vendors in urban areas as well as those from surrounding peri-urban and rural areas who vend in the cities.
• Implementation Partner: The Small Industries Development Bank of India (SIDBI) serves as the implementation partner for the scheme's administration.

Therefore, Option 3 is the correct answer.

The correct answer is Reserve Bank of India (RBI).

Key Points

• The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) launched the PRAVAAH portal, which stands for Platform for Regulatory Application, Validation, and Authorisation.
• The portal was officially made operational in May 2024, following an initial announcement by Governor Shaktikanta Das during the Bi-monthly Monetary Policy Statement in April 2023.
• PRAVAAH is a centralized, secure, and web-based workflow-driven application interface designed to streamline the process for individuals and entities to seek regulatory approvals, licenses, and authorizations.
• The system replaces various legacy manual and semi-digital processes, allowing applicants to track the status of their applications in real-time and receive electronic responses from the RBI.
• The primary objective of this initiative is to enhance the Ease of Doing Business within the Indian financial ecosystem by reducing turnaround time (TAT) and increasing transparency.
• Currently, the portal hosts numerous application forms related to various departments of the RBI, including those for Banking Regulation, Foreign Exchange, and Payment Systems.

 Additional Information

• Reserve Bank of India (RBI):
• Established on April 1, 1935, based on the recommendations of the Hilton Young Commission.
• It operates under the Reserve Bank of India Act, 1934, and serves as the Central Bank of India.
• The bank was nationalized in 1949 and is responsible for monetary policy, currency issuance, and supervision of the financial sector.
• Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI):
• A statutory body established in 1992 to regulate the securities market and protect investor interests.
• Insurance Regulatory and Development Authority (IRDAI):
• The apex body for the insurance sector in India, formed under the IRDA Act, 1999.
• Pension Fund Regulatory and Development Authority (PFRDA):
• Established to promote and regulate pension funds and ensure old-age income security.
• National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development (NABARD):
• An apex development financial institution established in 1982 focusing on rural prosperity and agricultural credit.

The correct answer is UN World Food Programme.

Key Points

• In December 2021, NITI Aayog and the United Nations World Food Programme (WFP) signed a Statement of Intent (often referred to as a Letter of Intent) to formalize a partnership focused on food security and nutrition.
• The collaboration specifically aims to provide technical assistance for the fortification of rice, ensuring the supply of essential micronutrients such as iron, folic acid, and Vitamin B12 through India's vast social safety nets.
• The WFP supports the Government of India in scaling up the distribution of fortified rice via the Public Distribution System (PDS), PM POSHAN (formerly Mid-Day Meal scheme), and Integrated Child Development Services (ICDS).
• Another critical pillar of the agreement is the mainstreaming of millets, leveraging India's expertise to enhance climate-resilient food systems and marking the global significance of the International Year of Millets in 2023.
• This partnership is designed to address the challenges of malnutrition and anaemia, while simultaneously building the capacity of state governments to manage and monitor food security programs effectively.

 Additional Information

• United Nations World Food Programme (WFP):
• Established in 1961, it is the worlds largest humanitarian organization providing food assistance and is headquartered in Rome, Italy.
• The organization was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 2020 for its work in preventing the use of hunger as a weapon of war and conflict.
• Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO):
• A specialized agency of the United Nations that leads international efforts to defeat hunger and improve nutrition and food security.
• United Nations Childrens Fund (UNICEF):
• An agency responsible for providing humanitarian and developmental aid to children worldwide, focusing heavily on child nutrition and health.
• International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD):
• An international financial institution and specialized UN agency that focuses exclusively on reducing rural poverty and hunger in developing countries.