SBI PO Prelims Memory Based Paper (Held On: 2 August 2026 Shift 1) (Previous Year Paper)

The correct answer is Option C.

 

Key Points

• The answer can be found in the very first sentence of the passage: "The exponential surge of the global e-commerce sector over the past decade has fundamentally restructured consumer behaviour, retail economics, and global logistics networks."
• The passage explicitly attributes the restructuring of these three areas to the rapid growth of digital retail.
• While the passage later discusses environmental regulations and trade agreements, these are presented as responses to the growth of e-commerce, not the primary cause of the initial restructuring.
• Therefore, Option C is the only choice that directly reflects the information provided in the text.

Therefore, the correct answer is C.

 

Correct Answer: The exponential surge of the global e-commerce sector

 

Additional Information

• A: Increased environmental regulations – These are being integrated into agreements because of the growth of e-commerce, but they are not the cause of the restructuring mentioned in the first sentence.
• B: International trade agreements – The passage mentions these are now including environmental clauses, but they are not cited as the primary driver of the decade-long shift in consumer behavior.
• D: Advances in sustainable packaging – This is a specific detail related to environmental standards, not the broad driver of economic restructuring.
• E: Reduction in tariff barriers – The passage mentions that frameworks historically prioritized this, but it is not the reason for the recent exponential surge described.

The correct answer is Option 3.

 

Key Points

• The passage explicitly identifies several factors that contribute to the environmental degradation caused by the e-commerce sector.
• According to the text, these environmental costs include excessive single-use plastic packaging, increased carbon emissions from "last-mile" delivery, and high product return rates.
• The passage states: "The environmental costs associated with the digital retail boom, ranging from excessive single-use plastic packaging... have rapidly transformed e-commerce into a major driver of corporate environmental degradation."
• Therefore, Option 3 is the correct factor cited in the passage.

Therefore, the correct answer is C.

 

Additional Information

• A & B: "Lower commercial overheads" and "Rapid delivery windows" – These are mentioned as benefits or features of online shopping rather than the specific drivers of environmental degradation listed in the text.
• D & E: "Consumer protection policies" and "Data governance issues" – The passage mentions these as historical priorities of international trade frameworks, not as causes of ecological damage.

The correct answer is Option B.

 

Key Points

• The passage explicitly discusses the shift in regulatory focus toward environmental accountability in the e-commerce sector.
• According to the second paragraph, "Regulatory authorities now mandate that all trade strategies remain grounded in measurable sustainability targets rather than vague corporate promises."
• This indicates that the current mandate is focused on concrete, quantifiable environmental goals rather than just economic factors or general promises.
• Therefore, Option B directly reflects the information provided in the text.

Therefore, the correct answer is B.

 

Correct Sentence from the Passage: "Regulatory authorities now mandate that all trade strategies remain grounded in measurable sustainability targets rather than vague corporate promises."

 

Additional Information

• A: "They must prioritize tariff reduction" – The passage mentions that international trade frameworks historically prioritized tariff reduction, but the current mandate has shifted.
• C: "They need to focus on reducing consumer overheads" – While lower overheads are a feature of e-commerce mentioned in the first paragraph, they are not the focus of the new regulatory mandates.
• D: "They must improve data governance and protection" – Data governance is mentioned as a historical priority, not the specific focus of the new environmental mandates described.
• E: "They should aim at increasing global trade volumes" – While e-commerce fuels trade, the passage focuses on the regulation of this growth through environmental clauses rather than a mandate to increase volume.

The correct answer is 'Option 4'.

 

Key Points

• A) Online shopping is causing significant environmental degradation.
• This can be inferred from the passage. The text states that the environmental costs of the digital retail boom have transformed e-commerce into a "major driver of corporate environmental degradation," citing issues like plastic packaging and carbon emissions.
• B) E-commerce growth has always prioritised environmental concerns.
• This cannot be inferred and is contradicted by the passage. The text explicitly states that "Historically, international trade frameworks prioritised tariff reduction... frequently treating environmental accountability as a secondary concern."
• C) International trade bodies are incorporating environmental clauses to handle climate pressures.
• This can be inferred from the passage. The passage mentions that "In response to growing public awareness and climate pressures, international trade bodies and regulatory agencies have begun integrating binding environmental clauses into cross-border e-commerce agreements."

Therefore, the correct answer is Both A and C.

 

Additional Information

• Only A: Incorrect because C is also a valid inference.
• Only B: Incorrect because B is factually incorrect according to the passage.
• Only C: Incorrect because A is also a valid inference.
• All A, B, and C: Incorrect because B contradicts the historical context provided in the passage.

The correct answer is 'sustainable'.

 

Key Points

• The passage discusses the environmental impact of e-commerce and the need for regulatory frameworks to address ecological degradation.
• The sentence in question refers to modern environmental clauses aiming to enforce systemic accountability. In the context of environmental protection and "measurable sustainability targets" mentioned later in the paragraph, the word "sustainable" (सतत/टिकाऊ) is the most appropriate fit.
• "Sustainable logistics" refers to practices that minimize the environmental impact of transport and distribution, which aligns perfectly with the passage's focus on carbon emissions and ecological footprints.
• The other options: "comprehensive," "global," "efficient," and "technological" are general terms that do not specifically address the environmental accountability context as precisely as "sustainable" does.

​Therefore, the correct answer is 'Option B'.

Complete Sentence: However, modern environmental clauses aim to enforce systemic accountability by mandating sustainable logistics standards, enforcing recycled-content thresholds for packaging material, and penalising redundant transport operations driven by impulse returns.

Additional Information

• Comprehensive (व्यापक): including or dealing with all or nearly all elements or aspects of something.
• Global (वैश्विक): relating to the whole world; worldwide.
• Efficient (कुशल): achieving maximum productivity with minimum wasted effort or expense.
• Technological (तकनीकी): relating to or using technology.

The correct answer is Option 2.

 

Key Points

• Statement A: Environmental accountability was always the primary concern in international trade frameworks.
• This statement is incorrect. The passage explicitly states that "Historically, international trade frameworks prioritised tariff reduction, consumer protection, and data governance, frequently treating environmental accountability as a secondary concern."
• Statement B: Modern environmental clauses aim to enforce systemic accountability.
• This statement is correct. The passage states: "However, modern environmental clauses aim to enforce systemic accountability by mandating... logistics standards..."
• Statement C: The digital retail boom has had no impact on local ecosystems.
• This statement is incorrect. The passage mentions that the rapid growth of e-commerce "simultaneously exerts unprecedented strain on local ecosystems."
• Hence, only statement B is identified as correct based on the text.

Therefore, the correct answer is: ‘Only B’.

The correct answer is Option 3.

 

Key Points

• Statement A: Regulatory authorities mandate trade strategies to remain grounded in quantitative sustainability targets.
• This statement is correct. The passage states: "Regulatory authorities now mandate that all trade strategies remain grounded in measurable sustainability targets rather than vague corporate promises." "Measurable" is synonymous with "quantitative."
• Statement B: Greenwashing practices among online marketplaces are strictly regulated.
• This statement is correct. The passage mentions that "legislative frameworks seek to establish strict guidelines regarding greenwashing practices among online marketplaces."
• Statement C: Rapid e-commerce growth only benefits global trade without causing environmental strain.
• This statement is incorrect. The passage explicitly describes growth as a "double-edged sword" that "simultaneously exerts unprecedented strain on local ecosystems" and highlights various environmental costs like carbon emissions and plastic waste.
• Hence, only statement C is identified as incorrect based on the text.

Therefore, the correct answer is: ‘Only C’.

The correct answer is Option (C) i.e. Based.

Key Points

• The word "grounded" in the context of the passage means to be based on or rooted in something solid, such as facts, evidence, or specific principles. (आधारित)
• Example: The scientist's theories are grounded in years of rigorous empirical research.
• "Based" refers to using something as a foundation or starting point for an idea, argument, or strategy. (आधारित)
• Example: The film is based on a true story that happened in the late 1990s.
• Hence, we can infer that the word similar in meaning to 'grounded' is 'based'.

Therefore, the correct answer is: Based.

Additional Information

Here are the other options explained along with their Hindi meanings and example sentences:

• Elevated (उच्च/उठा हुआ): Situated or placed higher than the surrounding area; or of a high intellectual or moral level.
• Example: The house was built on an elevated platform to protect it from flooding.
• Realistic (यथार्थवादी): Having or showing a sensible and practical idea of what can be achieved or expected.
• Example: We need to set a realistic deadline for the completion of the project.
• Disconnected (असंबद्ध): Lacking a logical connection or being separated from something else.
• Example: His speech was a series of disconnected thoughts that were hard to follow.
• Unanchored (अस्थिर/बिना लंगर का): Not held in place; lacking a stable base or connection.
• Example: Without a clear goal, he felt unanchored and drifted from one job to another.

The correct answer is: Option (D) i.e. observe.

Key Points

• The word "see" in the context of the passage means to perceive, regard, or view a situation in a particular way. (देखना/मानना)
• Example: Many analysts see the new policy as a significant step toward economic reform.
• "Observe" means to notice or perceive something and register it as being significant; in this context, it refers to how experts view or regard the growth of the industry. (अवलोकन करना/देखना)
• Example: Scientists observe the behavior of the birds to understand their migration patterns.
• Hence, we can infer that the word similar in meaning to 'see' in this context is 'observe'.

Therefore, the correct answer is: observe.

Additional Information

Here are the other options explained along with their Hindi meanings and example sentences:

• Avoid (बचना): To keep away from or stop oneself from doing something.
• Example: You should avoid eating junk food if you want to stay healthy.
• Predict (भविष्यवाणी करना): To say or estimate that a specified thing will happen in the future.
• Example: It is difficult to predict the outcome of the election at this stage.
• Ignore (नज़रअंदाज़ करना): To refuse to take notice of or acknowledge.
• Example: He decided to ignore the rude comments and keep walking.
• Envision (परिकल्पना करना): To imagine as a future possibility; visualize.
• Example: She envisions a world where everyone has access to clean water.

The correct answer is: Option (A) i.e. share.

Key Points

• The word "pool" in the context of the passage means to collect or combine resources, information, or funds from different sources for common use or benefit. (साझा करना/एकत्र करना)
• Example: The researchers decided to pool their data to get a more comprehensive understanding of the climate trends.
• "Share" refers to the act of giving a portion of something to others or using/possessing something jointly with others; in this context, it aligns with making data available for collective use. (साझा करना)
• Example: The companies were required to share their environmental impact reports with the regulatory board.
• Hence, we can infer that the word similar in meaning to 'pool' is 'share'.

Therefore, the correct answer is: share.

Additional Information

Here are the other options explained along with their Hindi meanings and example sentences:

• Divide (विभाजित करना): To separate something into parts or portions.
• Example: The manager had to divide the tasks among the team members to finish the project on time.
• Separate (अलग करना): To move or keep things apart.
• Example: It is important to separate recyclable waste from general trash.
• Hoard (जमाखोरी करना): To accumulate and hide or store away money or valued objects.
• Example: During the crisis, some people began to hoard essential supplies like water and canned food.
• Scatter (बिखेरना): To throw in various random directions or to move in different directions.
• Example: The wind caused the papers to scatter all over the floor.

The correct answer is 'Option 2'.

Key Points

• In the sentence, the phrase "being hindrance" is grammatically incorrect because it lacks an article before the noun "hindrance."
• Articles (like "a" or "the") are used to specify or generalize a noun. In this case, the noun "hindrance" refers to something that is causing an obstruction or acting as an obstacle.
• When using a noun like "hindrance," it usually requires an article before it to make the sentence grammatically accurate. The corrected phrase would be "being a hindrance." Here, "a" acts as the indefinite article, indicating that the person in question was acting as one among many possible hindrances.

Therefore, the correct answer is 'He was being hindrance', i.e. this is the erroneous part.

Correct sentence: Instead of being helpful, he was being a hindrance, constantly interrupting our progress with his objections and criticisms.

Additional Information 

• Articles "a," "an," and "the" are known as determiners and are used to specify nouns in English. Here's how they're typically used:
• "A" is used before words that begin with a consonant sound:
• Example: "I saw a cat in the garden."
• "An" is used before words that begin with a vowel sound:
• Example: "She is an engineer."
• "The" is used before specific nouns that both the speaker and listener know:
• Example: "Please pass the salt."
• Additionally, "the" can be used in a more general sense:
• Example: "The cat is a common pet."
• Remember that the use of articles can vary based on context and sentence structure.

The correct answer is "Option 3".

Key Points

• The erroneous part is the use of "observe".
• In the given sentence, the gerund form "observing" should be used instead of the base form "observe" because it follows the preposition "than".
• When comparing actions using "than," the parallel structure requires that both actions use the same grammatical form.
• Example: We decided on walking rather than going by car.
• Hence, "observing" should be used instead of "observe".

Therefore, the correct answer is "Option 3".

Correct Sentence: "The insistence by tourists for getting as close as possible to the wild animals, rather than observing them from a safe distance can cause stress."

Additional Information

• Whenever the two subjects are connected by “as well as, together with, along with, rather than”, the verb agrees with the first Subject.
• Example: Ram, as well as his friends, keeps asking me many questions. [Singular verb]

The correct answer is "Option 3".

Key Points

• The erroneous part is the use of "imposing".
• The given sentence is in the past tense as the actions mentioned in the sentence are in the past tense.
• So, the verb "imposing" should be changed to "imposed" to match the past tense context of the sentence.
• Hence, "imposed" should be used instead of "imposing".

Therefore, the correct answer is "Option 3".

Correct Sentence: "Officials evacuated thousands of villagers, shut down schools and offices, and imposed a ban on sailing as Typhoon approached the country."

Additional Information

• In this sentence, "imposing" is a gerund, which is the present participle form of the verb "impose." Gerunds function as nouns in a sentence but here we have to describe a past event, it's more appropriate to use the past tense form of the verb.

The correct answer is "Option 1".

Key Points

• The erroneous part is "I and Sneha".
• In the case of pronouns as the subject, the correct sequence is the other person first, followed by oneself.
• In the given sentence, the order is reversed, "I and Sneha." so it should be "Sneha and I." (second person followed by first person).
• Example: You and I are good friends.
• Hence, "Sneha and I" should be used instead of "I and Sneha".

Therefore, the correct answer is "Option 1".

Correct Sentence: "Sneha and I talk to trekkers who just came back from the Chhattisgarh Jungle Trek and examine what they loved about the trek."

Additional Information

• In the case of pronouns as the Subject, when all three persons are used as the Subject of the sentence and are connected by ‘and’, the sequence of 123 of the Pronouns is followed if they give a Negative Sense to the sentence and a plural verb is used.
• Example: I, you, and he are guilty.

The correct answer is: 'Option 1'.

Key Points

• The error lies in 'Part A' that is: 'The government was considered'.
• The given sentence has an error of 'Active and Passive Voice'.
• Here, in the particular sentence 'The government' is the 'subject' of the sentence and It is in 'Active Voice'. So, there is no need to use 'was' after the subject of the sentence. It is redundant here.

Hence, the correct answer is: 'A'.

Correct sentence: The government considered several proposals for the development of small and medium enterprises during budget announcement.

Additional Information

• 'several proposals for the' is the correct part of the sentence.
• 'development of small and medium' is the correct part of the sentence.
• 'enterprises during budget announcement' is the correct part of the sentence.

The correct answer is option 2.

Key Points

To answer this question, let's first understand the meaning of the highlighted idiom:

• Hit the books - to study hard or begin studying seriously. (पढ़ाई करना)
• For Example:
• I can't go to the movies tonight; I need to hit the books for my history exam.

Now, let's break down the sentences to analyze which of them use(s) the idiom correctly:

• A. With final exams coming up, Jenna decided to hit the books every evening.
• The idiom "hit the books" is used correctly here. It signifies that Jenna decided to study hard because of her upcoming exams.
• B. The manager asked the team to hit the books and finalise the report by tomorrow.
• The idiom "hit the books" is used correctly here. In a professional context, it can refer to researching, studying data, or working intensely on documents/reports.
• C. After the argument, he went to the gym to hit the books and blow off some steam.
• The idiom "hit the books" is used incorrectly here. One does not "study" at the gym to blow off steam; the context suggests physical exercise or perhaps "hitting the gym," but not studying.
• So, out of the given sentences, only A and B use the idiom correctly.
• Therefore, the correct answer is "Both A & B."

The correct answer is 'dates'.

 

Key Points

• The sentence indicates the historical origin and time period from which the Royal Game of Ur originates.
• The phrasal verb formed with "back to" must mean to have existed since a particular time in the past.
• "Dates back to" is a standard idiom meaning to have originated at a specific time in history.
• Other options ("moves", "breaks", "looks", "steps") do not form an appropriate idiom with "back to" when referencing historical origins.

Therefore, the correct answer is 'Option 2'.

 

Complete Passage: Board games have been an integral part of human civilization for millennia, offering insights into ancient social structures. Among the oldest known examples is the Royal Game of Ur, which (A) dates back to early Mesopotamia around 2600 BCE. Uncovered during excavations in the 1920s, the game features a distinctive board of twenty carved wooden squares. Historians believe that playing this strategy game was not merely a pastime, but also served a (B) ________ purpose, where roll results were thought to predict a player's destiny. The original rules remained a mystery for centuries until researchers managed to (C) ________ cuneiform clay tablets that detailed the game's mechanics. Over time, as trade routes expanded across the ancient world, the popularity of the game began to (D) ________ into neighboring regions like Egypt and India. Today, the discovery of such artifacts continues to (E) ________ our understanding of ancient leisure, strategy, and cultural exchange.

 

Additional Information

• Move back: To return to a previous position or step.
• Break back: To fracture backwards or recover quickly in sports.
• Look back: To think about or reflect on something in the past.
• Step back: To move backward or temporarily withdraw from a situation to re-evaluate it.

The correct answer is 'spiritual'.

 

Key Points

• The sentence indicates that playing the game was not just for entertainment, but also tied to predicting a player's destiny through dice rolls.
• The adjective filling blank (B) must refer to a purpose related to belief systems, divination, or sacred/religious destiny.
• "Spiritual" relates to sacred, religious, or intangible human beliefs, perfectly matching the idea of predicting one's destiny.
• Other options ("destructive", "commercial", "hazardous", "secondary") do not fit the context of fate and destiny divination mentioned in the passage.

Therefore, the correct answer is 'Option 4'.

 

Complete Passage: Board games have been an integral part of human civilization for millennia, offering insights into ancient social structures. Among the oldest known examples is the Royal Game of Ur, which (A) dates back to early Mesopotamia around 2600 BCE. Uncovered during excavations in the 1920s, the game features a distinctive board of twenty carved wooden squares. Historians believe that playing this strategy game was not merely a pastime, but also served a (B) spiritual purpose, where roll results were thought to predict a player's destiny. The original rules remained a mystery for centuries until researchers managed to (C) ________ cuneiform clay tablets that detailed the game's mechanics. Over time, as trade routes expanded across the ancient world, the popularity of the game began to (D) ________ into neighboring regions like Egypt and India. Today, the discovery of such artifacts continues to (E) ________ our understanding of ancient leisure, strategy, and cultural exchange.

 

Additional Information

• Destructive (विनाशकारी): Causing severe damage or harm.
• Commercial (व्यावसायिक): Concerned with or engaged in commerce or trade.
• Hazardous (खतरनाक): Risky or dangerous.
• Secondary (द्वितीयक/गौण): Coming after or less important than something primary.

The correct answer is 'decipher'.

 

Key Points

• The sentence explains that the game's rules were unknown for centuries until researchers successfully interpreted ancient cuneiform clay tablets.
• The verb filling blank (C) must mean to translate, convert, or make sense of ancient, coded, or obscure writing.
• "Decipher" means to convert text written in code or a mysterious script into normal language, which fits the context of reading ancient cuneiform tablets.
• Other options ("conceal", "discard", "fabricate", "overlook") contradict the positive outcome of understanding the game's mechanics.

Therefore, the correct answer is 'Option 1'.

 

Complete Passage: Board games have been an integral part of human civilization for millennia, offering insights into ancient social structures. Among the oldest known examples is the Royal Game of Ur, which (A) dates back to early Mesopotamia around 2600 BCE. Uncovered during excavations in the 1920s, the game features a distinctive board of twenty carved wooden squares. Historians believe that playing this strategy game was not merely a pastime, but also served a (B) spiritual purpose, where roll results were thought to predict a player's destiny. The original rules remained a mystery for centuries until researchers managed to (C) decipher cuneiform clay tablets that detailed the game's mechanics. Over time, as trade routes expanded across the ancient world, the popularity of the game began to (D) ________ into neighboring regions like Egypt and India. Today, the discovery of such artifacts continues to (E) ________ our understanding of ancient leisure, strategy, and cultural exchange.

 

Additional Information

• Conceal (छिपाना): Keep secret or prevent from being known or seen.
• Discard (त्यागना/फेंकना): Get rid of someone or something as no longer useful or desirable.
• Fabricate (गढ़ना/जाली बनाना): Invent or concoct something, typically with deceitful intent.
• Overlook (अनदेखा करना): Fail to notice or consider.

The correct answer is 'spread'.

 

Key Points

• The sentence describes how the game reached other parts of the world as trade routes expanded across neighboring regions like Egypt and India.
• The verb filling blank (D) must mean to extend, distribute, or reach over a wider area or among a larger number of people.
• "Spread" means to extend over a larger area or reach a wider audience, perfectly capturing how trade routes facilitated the expansion of the game's popularity.
• Other options ("shrink", "dissolve", "hesitate", "retreat") indicate a reduction, pause, or withdrawal, which contradicts the expansion of trade routes described in the text.

Therefore, the correct answer is 'Option 5'.

 

Complete Passage: Board games have been an integral part of human civilization for millennia, offering insights into ancient social structures. Among the oldest known examples is the Royal Game of Ur, which (A) dates back to early Mesopotamia around 2600 BCE. Uncovered during excavations in the 1920s, the game features a distinctive board of twenty carved wooden squares. Historians believe that playing this strategy game was not merely a pastime, but also served a (B) spiritual purpose, where roll results were thought to predict a player's destiny. The original rules remained a mystery for centuries until researchers managed to (C) decipher cuneiform clay tablets that detailed the game's mechanics. Over time, as trade routes expanded across the ancient world, the popularity of the game began to (D) spread into neighboring regions like Egypt and India. Today, the discovery of such artifacts continues to (E) ________ our understanding of ancient leisure, strategy, and cultural exchange.

 

Additional Information

• Shrink (सिकुड़ना): Become or make smaller in size or amount.
• Dissolve (घुलना/समाप्त होना): Become incorporated into a liquid so as to form a solution, or bring an end to.
• Hesitate (संकोच करना): Pause before saying or doing something due to uncertainty.
• Retreat (पीछे हटना): Move back or withdraw from a position.

The correct answer is 'enrich'.

 

Key Points

• The sentence concludes by emphasizing the positive contribution of ancient artifact discoveries toward our knowledge of history and culture.
• The verb filling blank (E) must mean to improve, enhance, or add value and depth to our understanding.
• "Enrich" means to improve or enhance the quality or value of something, which perfectly matches how archaeological discoveries deepen our understanding of ancient times.
• Other options ("complicate", "weaken", "distort", "restrict") carry negative connotations that do not align with the context of gaining valuable historical insights.

Therefore, the correct answer is 'Option 3'.

 

Complete Passage: Board games have been an integral part of human civilization for millennia, offering insights into ancient social structures. Among the oldest known examples is the Royal Game of Ur, which (A) dates back to early Mesopotamia around 2600 BCE. Uncovered during excavations in the 1920s, the game features a distinctive board of twenty carved wooden squares. Historians believe that playing this strategy game was not merely a pastime, but also served a (B) spiritual purpose, where roll results were thought to predict a player's destiny. The original rules remained a mystery for centuries until researchers managed to (C) decipher cuneiform clay tablets that detailed the game's mechanics. Over time, as trade routes expanded across the ancient world, the popularity of the game began to (D) spread into neighboring regions like Egypt and India. Today, the discovery of such artifacts continues to (E) enrich our understanding of ancient leisure, strategy, and cultural exchange.

 

Additional Information

• Complicate (जटिल बनाना): Make something more difficult or complex.
• Weaken (कमज़ोर करना): Make or become weaker in power or strength.
• Distort (विकृत करना): Give a misleading or false account or impression of something.
• Restrict (सीमित करना): Put a limit on or keep within bounds.

The correct answer is option 1.

Key Points

To answer this question, first, let's review the given phrases in the table:

• A: After the market closed,
• This phrase indicates an event that happened after the market finished its operations for the day.
• B: She achieved the highest score in the class,
• This phrase means that she scored the highest marks in her class.
• C: The film received rave reviews,
• This phrase means that the film received very positive feedback from critics.
• D: investors remained cautious.
• This phrase means that investors were still careful and not taking risks.
• E: she had faced several challenges during the semester.
• This phrase means that she encountered many difficulties during the semester.
• F: many people went to see it in theaters.
• This phrase means that many people watched the film in cinemas.

 

Now, let's understand the meanings of the given connectors in the question:

• i. although
• It means "in spite of the fact that," indicating a contrast.
• For example:
• Although it was raining, they went for a walk.
• ii. even though
• It means "despite the fact that," indicating a stronger contrast.
• For example:
• She went to work even though she was feeling sick.
• iii. but
• It means "however," indicating a contrast between two statements.
• For example:
• I wanted to go for a walk, but it started to rain.

So, after understanding the given phrases and the connectors, we can conclude that the combination B-ii-E can make a grammatically and contextually meaningful sentence:

• She achieved the highest score in the class even though she had faced several challenges during the semester.

Therefore, the correct answer is "B-ii-E."

The correct answer is Option 3.

 

Key Points

• To identify the first sentence, we look for the independent sentence that introduces the main theme without requiring prior context:
• Sentence D is the FIRST sentence: It introduces the broad topic of AI transforming modern classroom learning, serving as the central premise of the paragraph.
• "Artificial intelligence tools are rapidly transforming modern classroom learning."
• Sentence A (2^nd): Uses "These smart assistants" to build directly on the concept of AI tools introduced in sentence D, explaining how they adapt lessons.
• "These smart assistants can instantly adapt lessons to match an individual student's learning speed."
• Sentence C (3^rd - Fixed): Uses "For instance" to give a specific example of the adaptive AI tools described in sentence A.
• "For instance, adaptive AI tools now generate custom quizzes based on a student's weak areas."
• Sentence F (4^th): Connects to sentence C by explaining that "This personalized feedback" (from custom quizzes) speeds up mastery.
• "This personalized feedback helps learners master complex subjects faster than traditional methods allow."
• Sentence B (5^th): States the broader benefit to educators ("As a result") flowing from automated personalized learning.
• "As a result, teachers can spend less time grading and more time mentoring students."
• Sentence E (6^th): Begins with "However" to introduce the counter-argument/limitation of overreliance on AI, acting as a natural conclusion.
• "However, overreliance on AI risks reducing critical thinking if students rely on automated answers."
• The complete sequence is D - A - C - F - B - E, making D the FIRST sentence.

 

Coherent paragraph after rearrangement:

"Artificial intelligence tools are rapidly transforming modern classroom learning. These smart assistants can instantly adapt lessons to match an individual student's learning speed. For instance, adaptive AI tools now generate custom quizzes based on a student's weak areas. This personalized feedback helps learners master complex subjects faster than traditional methods allow. As a result, teachers can spend less time grading and more time mentoring students. However, overreliance on AI risks reducing critical thinking if students rely on automated answers."

The correct answer is Option 1.

 

Key Points

• To determine the second sentence, we trace the logical connection from the introductory sentence:
• Sentence D (1^st): Introduces the core topic of AI tools transforming modern classroom learning.
• "Artificial intelligence tools are rapidly transforming modern classroom learning."
• Sentence A is the SECOND sentence: Uses the demonstrative phrase "These smart assistants" to directly refer back to the "Artificial intelligence tools" mentioned in sentence D, elaborating on how they adapt lessons.
• "These smart assistants can instantly adapt lessons to match an individual student's learning speed."
• Sentence C (3^rd - Fixed): Uses "For instance" to provide a concrete example of the adaptive capability introduced in sentence A.
• "For instance, adaptive AI tools now generate custom quizzes based on a student's weak areas."
• Sentence F (4^th): Refers to "This personalized feedback" generated by the custom quizzes mentioned in sentence C.
• "This personalized feedback helps learners master complex subjects faster than traditional methods allow."
• Sentence B (5^th): Outlines the logical result ("As a result") for educators when routine grading/feedback is automated.
• "As a result, teachers can spend less time grading and more time mentoring students."
• Sentence E (6^th): Uses "However" to introduce a concluding caution regarding overreliance on AI.
• "However, overreliance on AI risks reducing critical thinking if students rely on automated answers."
• The complete sequence is D - A - C - F - B - E, making A the SECOND sentence.

 

Coherent paragraph after rearrangement:

"Artificial intelligence tools are rapidly transforming modern classroom learning. These smart assistants can instantly adapt lessons to match an individual student's learning speed. For instance, adaptive AI tools now generate custom quizzes based on a student's weak areas. This personalized feedback helps learners master complex subjects faster than traditional methods allow. As a result, teachers can spend less time grading and more time mentoring students. However, overreliance on AI risks reducing critical thinking if students rely on automated answers."

The correct answer is Option 5.

 

Key Points

• To find the fourth sentence, we trace the flow following the fixed third sentence:
• Sentence D (1^st): Opens the paragraph by introducing the overarching theme—AI transforming classroom learning.
• "Artificial intelligence tools are rapidly transforming modern classroom learning."
• Sentence A (2^nd): Refers to "These smart assistants" to describe how AI adapts lessons to a student's speed.
• "These smart assistants can instantly adapt lessons to match an individual student's learning speed."
• Sentence C (3^rd - Fixed): Uses "For instance" to give a specific example of adaptive AI producing custom quizzes.
• "For instance, adaptive AI tools now generate custom quizzes based on a student's weak areas."
• Sentence F is the FOURTH sentence: Uses "This personalized feedback" to refer directly to the custom quizzes generated in sentence C.
• "This personalized feedback helps learners master complex subjects faster than traditional methods allow."
• Sentence B (5^th): Connects with "As a result" to explain the benefit for teachers when students receive automated feedback.
• "As a result, teachers can spend less time grading and more time mentoring students."
• Sentence E (6^th): Introduces a contrasting warning ("However") about overreliance on AI to conclude the paragraph.
• "However, overreliance on AI risks reducing critical thinking if students rely on automated answers."
• The complete sequence is D - A - C - F - B - E, making F the FOURTH sentence.

 

Coherent paragraph after rearrangement:

"Artificial intelligence tools are rapidly transforming modern classroom learning. These smart assistants can instantly adapt lessons to match an individual student's learning speed. For instance, adaptive AI tools now generate custom quizzes based on a student's weak areas. This personalized feedback helps learners master complex subjects faster than traditional methods allow. As a result, teachers can spend less time grading and more time mentoring students. However, overreliance on AI risks reducing critical thinking if students rely on automated answers."

The correct answer is Option 2.

 

Key Points

• To find the fifth sentence, we trace the flow following sentence F (the 4^th sentence):
• Sentence D (1^st): Opens the paragraph by introducing the main topic—AI transforming modern classroom learning.
• "Artificial intelligence tools are rapidly transforming modern classroom learning."
• Sentence A (2^nd): Uses "These smart assistants" to build on sentence D, showing how AI adapts lessons.
• "These smart assistants can instantly adapt lessons to match an individual student's learning speed."
• Sentence C (3^rd - Fixed): Provides a concrete example ("For instance") of adaptive AI generating custom quizzes.
• "For instance, adaptive AI tools now generate custom quizzes based on a student's weak areas."
• Sentence F (4^th): Points to "This personalized feedback" created by the custom quizzes to explain faster subject mastery.
• "This personalized feedback helps learners master complex subjects faster than traditional methods allow."
• Sentence B is the FIFTH sentence: Begins with "As a result" to describe the positive outcome for educators following the automated feedback and student mastery discussed in sentences C and F.
• "As a result, teachers can spend less time grading and more time mentoring students."
• Sentence E (6^th): Uses "However" to introduce a concluding cautionary point about critical thinking risks.
• "However, overreliance on AI risks reducing critical thinking if students rely on automated answers."
• The complete sequence is D - A - C - F - B - E, making B the FIFTH sentence.

 

Coherent paragraph after rearrangement:

"Artificial intelligence tools are rapidly transforming modern classroom learning. These smart assistants can instantly adapt lessons to match an individual student's learning speed. For instance, adaptive AI tools now generate custom quizzes based on a student's weak areas. This personalized feedback helps learners master complex subjects faster than traditional methods allow. As a result, teachers can spend less time grading and more time mentoring students. However, overreliance on AI risks reducing critical thinking if students rely on automated answers."

The correct answer is Option 4.

 

Key Points

• To find the sixth (last) sentence, we follow the logical progression to the concluding statement:
• Sentence D (1^st): Opens the paragraph by introducing the main topic—AI transforming modern classroom learning.
• "Artificial intelligence tools are rapidly transforming modern classroom learning."
• Sentence A (2^nd): Uses "These smart assistants" to elaborate on how AI adapts lessons.
• "These smart assistants can instantly adapt lessons to match an individual student's learning speed."
• Sentence C (3^rd - Fixed): Provides a concrete example ("For instance") of adaptive AI generating custom quizzes.
• "For instance, adaptive AI tools now generate custom quizzes based on a student's weak areas."
• Sentence F (4^th): Points to "This personalized feedback" created by the custom quizzes to explain faster subject mastery.
• "This personalized feedback helps learners master complex subjects faster than traditional methods allow."
• Sentence B (5^th): Outlines the positive outcome ("As a result") for teachers.
• "As a result, teachers can spend less time grading and more time mentoring students."
• Sentence E is the SIXTH (LAST) sentence: Starts with "However" to transition from the benefits described earlier to a necessary caution or counter-perspective, serving as a balanced conclusion to the passage.
• "However, overreliance on AI risks reducing critical thinking if students rely on automated answers."
• The complete sequence is D - A - C - F - B - E, making E the SIXTH sentence.

 

Coherent paragraph after rearrangement:

"Artificial intelligence tools are rapidly transforming modern classroom learning. These smart assistants can instantly adapt lessons to match an individual student's learning speed. For instance, adaptive AI tools now generate custom quizzes based on a student's weak areas. This personalized feedback helps learners master complex subjects faster than traditional methods allow. As a result, teachers can spend less time grading and more time mentoring students. However, overreliance on AI risks reducing critical thinking if students rely on automated answers."

The correct answer is: Option 3 (C-D).

Key Points

• The word "practical" means concerned with actual use or practice; something useful and effective in real situations. (व्यावहारिक)
• Example: The teacher suggested a practical solution to the classroom problem.
• "Utility" refers to usefulness or the ability to provide benefit. (उपयोगिता)
• Example: The new mobile app increased the utility of smartphones by simplifying payments.
• Hence, interchanging C ("practical") with D ("utility") makes the sentence logical: the design combined aesthetic appeal with functional utility, resulting in a building that was both beautiful and practical.

Therefore, the correct answer is: Option 3 (C-D).

Additional Information

Here are the other options explained along with their Hindi meanings and example sentences:

• Option 1 (A-B): Incorrect. A ("innovative") and B ("aesthetic") are already correct in their positions. (नवोन्मेषी / सौंदर्यात्मक)
• Example: Innovative design and aesthetic appeal are both essential in architecture.
• Option 2 (B-C): Incorrect. Interchanging B ("aesthetic") with C ("practical") distorts meaning, as appeal cannot be practical and design cannot be aesthetic in this context. (सौंदर्यात्मक / व्यावहारिक)
• Example: Aesthetic appeal and practical use must remain distinct.
• Option 4 (A-D): Incorrect. Interchanging A ("innovative") with D ("utility") is illogical, as design is innovative, not utility. (नवोन्मेषी / उपयोगिता)
• Example: Innovative design provides utility, but they cannot be swapped.
• Option 5 (No interchange required): Incorrect. Without interchange, the sentence suggests "functional practical" and "highly utility," which are grammatically incorrect. (कोई अदला-बदली आवश्यक नहीं)
• Example: This option leaves the sentence awkward and ungrammatical.

The correct answer is: Option 5 (No interchange required).

Key Points

• The word "deteriorate" means to become progressively worse or decline in condition. (बिगड़ना)
• Example: His health began to deteriorate after the infection spread.
• "Ineffective" refers to something that does not produce the desired result or fails to work properly. (अप्रभावी)
• Example: The treatment was ineffective against the virus.
• "Potent" means powerful, strong, or having a great effect. (प्रभावशाली / शक्तिशाली)
• Example: This antibiotic is potent enough to cure severe infections.
• "Infection" refers to the invasion of harmful microorganisms in the body causing illness. (संक्रमण)
• Example: The wound developed an infection due to poor hygiene.
• Hence, the sentence is already grammatically correct and meaningful without any interchange.

Therefore, the correct answer is: Option 5 (No interchange required).

Additional Information

Here are the other options explained along with their Hindi meanings and example sentences:

• Option 1 (A-B): Incorrect. Interchanging A ("deteriorate") with B ("ineffective") distorts meaning, as condition cannot be ineffective and medicine cannot deteriorate. (बिगड़ना / अप्रभावी)
• Example: Medicine is ineffective, not deteriorating.
• Option 2 (B-C): Incorrect. Interchanging B ("ineffective") with C ("potent") is contradictory, as ineffective and potent are opposites. (अप्रभावी / शक्तिशाली)
• Example: A drug cannot be both ineffective and potent at the same time.
• Option 3 (A-D): Incorrect. Interchanging A ("deteriorate") with D ("infection") is illogical, as condition deteriorates and infection spreads, not vice versa. (बिगड़ना / संक्रमण)
• Example: The infection worsens the condition, but they cannot be swapped.
• Option 4 (C-D): Incorrect. Interchanging C ("potent") with D ("infection") distorts meaning, as infection cannot be potent and potency cannot be infection. (प्रभावशाली / संक्रमण)
• Example: Potent describes strength, infection describes disease.

The correct answer is: Option 1 (A-C).

Key Points

• The word "obsolete" means outdated, no longer in use, or not useful anymore. (पुराना / अप्रचलित)
• Example: Typewriters are now considered obsolete in the digital age.
• "Cutting-edge" refers to the latest, most advanced, and innovative technology or methods. (अत्याधुनिक)
• Example: The company invested in cutting-edge AI tools to stay ahead of competitors.
• Hence, interchanging A ("obsolete") with C ("cutting-edge") makes the sentence logical: the startup invested in cutting-edge technologies to outpace competitors who relied on obsolete methods.

Therefore, the correct answer is: Option 1 (A-C).

Additional Information

Here are the other options explained along with their Hindi meanings and example sentences:

• Option 2 (B-D): Incorrect. Interchanging B ("outpace") with D ("operations") is illogical, as companies outpace competitors, not operations. (आगे निकलना / संचालन)
• Example: Outpacing competitors is correct, not outpacing operations.
• Option 3 (A-B and C-D): Incorrect. Interchanging these pairs distorts meaning, as technologies cannot outpace and methods cannot be operations. (गलत अदला-बदली)
• Example: This option wrongly suggests obsolete outpacing and cutting-edge operations.
• Option 4 (C-B): Incorrect. Interchanging C ("cutting-edge") with B ("outpace") is illogical, as cutting-edge describes methods, not the act of outpacing. (अत्याधुनिक / आगे निकलना)
• Example: Cutting-edge methods help outpace competitors, but they cannot be swapped.
• Option 5 (No interchange required): Incorrect. Without interchange, the sentence suggests investing in obsolete technologies to outpace competitors using cutting-edge methods, which is contradictory. (कोई अदला-बदली आवश्यक नहीं)
• Example: This option leaves the sentence illogical in business context.

The correct answer is: Option 1) A-B.

Key Points

• The word "glaring" means something that is very obvious or easily noticeable. (स्पष्ट)
• Example: There was a glaring mistake in the report that everyone noticed immediately.
• "Subtle" refers to something that is delicate, not obvious, and requires careful attention to notice. (सूक्ष्म)
• Example: The artist used subtle shades of blue to create depth in the painting.
• Correct usage: "Subtle inconsistency" (सूक्ष्म विरोधाभास) and "glaring clue" (स्पष्ट संकेत) make the sentence logical and meaningful in the detective context.

Therefore, the correct answer is: Option 1) A-B.

Additional Information

Here are the other options explained along with their Hindi meanings and why they are incorrect:

• Option 2 (C-D): "Solve the case mysterious" (मामला रहस्यमय) is grammatically incorrect and breaks sentence structure.
• Option 3 (A-C): "Solve inconsistency" (विरोधाभास सुलझाना) is illogical; detectives solve cases, not inconsistencies directly.
• Option 4 (B-D): "Clue case" (संकेत मामला) is nonsensical and does not convey proper meaning.
• Option 5 (No interchange required): The sentence without interchange is awkward; "glaring inconsistency" and "subtle clue" do not align logically in this detective context.

The correct answer is: Option 2) B-C.

Key Points

• The word "flourish" means to grow or develop in a healthy or vigorous way. (फलना-फूलना)
• Example: The plants flourished in the fertile soil.
• "Perish" means to die or be destroyed, especially in a sudden or untimely manner. (नष्ट होना/मरना)
• Example: Many soldiers perished in the battle.
• Correct usage: "ecosystem began to perish" (पारिस्थितिकी तंत्र नष्ट होना) and "species to flourish" (प्रजातियाँ फलना-फूलना) make the sentence logical and meaningful in the environmental context.

Therefore, the correct answer is: Option 2) B-C.

Additional Information

Here are the other options explained along with their Hindi meanings and why they are incorrect:

• Option 1 (A-D): "Toxic protest" (विषैला विरोध) is illogical and grammatically incorrect.
• Option 3 (A-B): "Toxic flourish" (विषैला फलना-फूलना) is nonsensical and does not fit the context.
• Option 4 (C-D): "Perish protest" (नष्ट विरोध) is meaningless and grammatically wrong.
• Option 5 (No interchange required): Without interchange, the sentence becomes illogical because an ecosystem cannot "flourish" when toxic chemicals are released; it should "perish".

The correct synonym for the underlined word "durable" is: 2) Sturdy

Key Points

• Sturdy (adjective): strongly and solidly built.
• Fragile (adjective): easily broken or damaged.
• Unstable (adjective): prone to change, fail, or give way; not stable.
• Unreliable (adjective): not able to be relied upon.
• Transient (adjective): lasting only for a short time.
• The word "durable" implies something that is able to withstand wear, pressure, or damage, therefore, the correct synonym is "sturdy."

The correct synonym for the underlined word "retarded" is: 3) Slowed.

Key Points

• Slowed (verb): reduce (one's speed).
• Accelerated (verb): increase in speed or rate.
• Hastened (verb): be quick to do something.
• Quickened (verb): make or become faster or quicker.
• Advanced (verb): move forward in a purposeful way.
• The word "retarded" implies to slow down or delay, therefore, the correct synonym is "slowed."

The correct synonym for the underlined word "conviction" is: 3) Assurance

Key Points

• Assurance (noun): a positive declaration intended to give confidence.
• Doubt (noun): a feeling of uncertainty or lack of conviction.
• Uncertainty (noun): the state of being uncertain.
• Skepticism (noun): a sceptical attitude; doubt as to the truth of something.
• Disbelief (noun): inability or refusal to accept that something is true or real.
• The word "conviction" implies a firmly held belief or opinion, therefore, the correct synonym is "assurance."

The correct synonym for the underlined word "unwavering" is: 3) Steadfast

Key Points

• Steadfast (adjective): resolutely or dutifully firm and unwavering.
• Shifting (verb): moving from one place or position to another.
• Unsteady (adjective): liable to fall or shake; not firm.
• Wavering (verb): becoming unsteady or unreliable.
• Variable (adjective): not consistent or having a fixed pattern.
• The word "unwavering" implies being firm and not changing, therefore, the correct synonym is "steadfast."

The correct answer is 'Idyllic.'

Key Points

• Idyllic means very pleasant and peaceful.​
• In the first sentence, filling the blank with 'idyllic' would imply that in the city tropical courtyards gives a pleasant and peaceful feeling.
• In the second sentence, filling the blank with 'idyllic' would imply that country life is not as pleasant or peaceful as the townies imagine.
• Therefore, the most appropriate word to be filled in the blank is 'idyllic'.

Hence, the correct answer is option 3.

Complete Sentences:

1. The stunning tropical courtyards are an idyllic retreat in the midst of the city.
2. Country life isn't as idyllic as the people in the town imagine.

Additional Information

• Let us explore the other options:
• Doff means to remove or take-off (an item of clothing).
• Jeopardize means doing something that may damage something or put it at risk.
• Lucid means expressed clearly; easy to understand.
• Collude means to cooperate in a secret or unlawful way in order to deceive or gain an advantage over others.

The correct answer is 'Unabashed.'

Key Points

• Unabashed means not embarrassed or ashamed; bold.​
• In the first sentence, filling the blank with 'unabashed' would imply the non-embarrassment of someone whose trousers fell down.
• In the second sentence, filling the blank with 'unabashed' would imply the boldness of the comedian as he was shameless with his forward jokes.
• Therefore, the most appropriate word to be filled in the blank is 'unabashed'.

Hence, the correct answer is option 4.

Complete Sentences:

1. His trousers fell down but he appeared quite unabashed.
2. Taking the stage, the unabashed comedian was shameless with his forward jokes.

Additional Information

• Let us explore the other options:
• Glean means to obtain information from various sources, often with difficulty.
• Poignant means evoking a keen sense of sadness or regret.
• Deride means to laugh at something in a cruel way.
• Abrupt means sudden and unexpected.

The correct answer is 'Enormity.'

Key Points

• Enormity means an offense or disaster of great magnitude.​
• In the first sentence, filling the blank with 'enormity' would imply that one cannot imagine the magnitude of the torture endured by the pilots.
• In the second sentence, filling the blank with 'enormity' would imply that the great magnitude of fire will affect the whole town.
• Therefore, the most appropriate word to be filled in the blank is 'enormity'.

Hence, the correct answer is option 1.

Complete Sentences:

1. We cannot imagine the enormity of the torture our captured pilots have endured.
2. The enormity of the fire threatened to engulf the town.

Additional Information

• Let us explore the other options:
• Jocund means cheerful and light-hearted.
• Affluent means having a lot of money.
• Hale means strong and healthy.
• Oaf means a man who is rough or clumsy and unintelligent.

The correct answer is 'Surreptitious.'

Key Points

• Surreptitious means secret or unauthorized.​
• In the first sentence, filling the blank with 'surreptitious' would imply that the secret videotapes have been leaked.
• In the second sentence, filling the blank with 'surreptitious' would imply that the secret habit of having drugs will get unveiled.
• Therefore, the most appropriate word to be filled in the blank is 'surreptitious'.

Hence, the correct answer is option 5.

Complete Sentences:

1. Videotapes that were previously surreptitious have now been leaked to the public.
2. His surreptitious drug habits will not stay unknown for long*.*

Additional Information

• Let us explore the other options:
• Succumb means fail to resist pressure, temptation, or some other negative force.
• Abjure means to promise publicly or formally that you will give up or not accept a belief or a way of behaving.
• Frugal means using only as much money or food as is necessary.
• Zest means a feeling of enjoyment, excitement, and enthusiasm.

Common Calculation

Given:

Formula:

Girls = Boys − Difference (when Boys are more)

Girls = Boys + Difference (when Girls are more)

Calculation:

⇒ Girls in School A = 360 – 40 = 320

⇒ Girls in School B = 420 + 84 = 504

⇒ Girls in School C = 300 + 60 = 360

⇒ Girls in School D = 480 – 120 = 360

Given:

Girls in School A = 320

Boys in School B = 420

Formula:

New Value

= Original Value × (100 ± Percentage)/100

Required Ratio

= New Girls : New Boys

Calculation:

⇒ New Girls in School A = 320 × 125/100 = 400

⇒ New Boys in School B = 420 × 80/100 = 336

⇒ Required Ratio = 400 : 336 = 25 : 21

∴ Answer = 25 : 21

Common Calculation

Given:

Formula:

Girls = Boys − Difference (when Boys are more)

Girls = Boys + Difference (when Girls are more)

Calculation:

⇒ Girls in School A = 360 – 40 = 320

⇒ Girls in School B = 420 + 84 = 504

⇒ Girls in School C = 300 + 60 = 360

⇒ Girls in School D = 480 – 120 = 360

Given:

Girls in School A = 320

Girls in School B = 504

Formula:

Required Percentage

= (Difference/Base Quantity) × 100

Calculation:

⇒ Difference = 504 – 320 = 184

⇒ Required Percentage = (184/320) × 100 = 57.5%

∴ Answer = 57.5%

Common Calculation

Given:

Formula:

Girls = Boys − Difference (when Boys are more)

Girls = Boys + Difference (when Girls are more)

Calculation:

⇒ Girls in School A = 360 – 40 = 320

⇒ Girls in School B = 420 + 84 = 504

⇒ Girls in School C = 300 + 60 = 360

⇒ Girls in School D = 480 – 120 = 360

Given:

Boys in School C = 300

Boys in School D = 480

Transferred Boys = 40

Formula:

New Number of Boys

= Original Number of Boys ± Transferred Boys

Required Ratio

= New Boys in School C : New Boys in School D

Calculation:

⇒ New Boys in School C = 300 + 40 = 340

⇒ New Boys in School D = 480 – 40 = 440

⇒ Required Ratio = 340 : 440 = 17 : 22

∴ Answer = 17 : 22

Common Calculation

Given:

Formula:

Girls = Boys − Difference (when Boys are more)

Girls = Boys + Difference (when Girls are more)

Calculation:

⇒ Girls in School A = 360 – 40 = 320

⇒ Girls in School B = 420 + 84 = 504

⇒ Girls in School C = 300 + 60 = 360

⇒ Girls in School D = 480 – 120 = 360

Given:

Girls in Schools B and C

Boys in Schools A and D

Formula:

Required Percentage

= (Required Quantity/Base Quantity) × 100

Calculation:

⇒ Total Girls in Schools B and C = 504 + 360 = 864

⇒ Total Boys in Schools A and D = 360 + 480 = 840

⇒ Required Percentage = (864/840) × 100 = 102.86% ≈ 103%

∴ Answer = 103%

Common Calculation

Given:

Formula:

Girls = Boys − Difference (when Boys are more)

Girls = Boys + Difference (when Girls are more)

Calculation:

⇒ Girls in School A = 360 – 40 = 320

⇒ Girls in School B = 420 + 84 = 504

⇒ Girls in School C = 300 + 60 = 360

⇒ Girls in School D = 480 – 120 = 360

Given:

Students in Schools B and D

Students in Schools A and C

Formula:

Average

= Sum of Students/Number of Schools

Required Difference

= Average of (B & D) − Average of (A & C)

Calculation:

⇒ Average Students in Schools B and D = (924 + 840)/2 = 1764/2 = 882

⇒ Average Students in Schools A and C = (680 + 660)/2 = 1340/2 = 670

⇒ Required Difference = 882 – 670 = 212

∴ Answer = 212

Common Calculation

Given:

Formula:

Girls = Boys − Difference (when Boys are more)

Girls = Boys + Difference (when Girls are more)

Calculation:

⇒ Girls in School A = 360 – 40 = 320

⇒ Girls in School B = 420 + 84 = 504

⇒ Girls in School C = 300 + 60 = 360

⇒ Girls in School D = 480 – 120 = 360

Given:

Total Students in Schools A and C

Total Students in Schools B and D

Formula:

Required Ratio

= Total Students in Schools A and C : Total Students in Schools B and D

Calculation:

⇒ Total Students in Schools A and C = 680 + 660 = 1340

⇒ Total Students in Schools B and D = 924 + 840 = 1764

⇒ Required Ratio = 1340 : 1764 = 335 : 441

Initial milk = 140 x 4/7 = 80 litres

Initial water = 140 x 3/7 = 60 litres

Water removed = 25% of 60 = 15 litres

Therefore, remaining water = 60 – 15 = 45 litres

An equal quantity, that is 15 litres of milk, is added.

Final milk = 80 + 15 = 95 litres

Required ratio = 19:9

Cost Price = ₹1,500

Marked Price = 1500 x 140% = ₹ 2100

Selling Price after 15% discount = 2100 x 85% = ₹1785

New Selling Price = 1785 – 90 = ₹ 1695

Profit = ₹1695 – 1500 = ₹195

Profit percentage = (195/1500) x 100 = 13%

Let the monthly income be ₹100x

Amount spent on house rent = 20% of 100x = 20x

Remaining amount = 100x - 20x = 80x

Amount spent on food = 25% of 80x = 20x

Remaining amount = 80x - 20x = 60x

Amount spent on education = 20% of 60x = 12x

Remaining amount = 60x – 12x = 48x

Amount spent on transportation = 12.5% of 48x = 6x

Final remaining amount = 48x – 6x = 42x

According to the question

42x = 25,200

so, x = 600

Therefore, monthly income = 100x = 100 x 600 = ₹60,000

Let the length and breadth of the rectangle be 3xcm and 2xcm.

Perimeter = 2(3x + 2x) = 10x

Area = 3x × 2x = 6x²

According to the question:

10x/(6x²) = 1/6

Or, 5/3x = 1/6

Or, 30 = 3x

So, x = 10

Therefore, the length of the rectangle= 3x = 30 cm

Hence, the side of the equilateral triangle is 30cm.

Area = √3/4 × 30² =√3/4 × 900 = 225√3 cm²

Calculation:

The logic follows here is:

⇒ 225 + 1³ = 226

⇒ 226 + 2² = 230

⇒ 230 + 3³ = 257

⇒ 257 + 4² = 273

⇒ 273 + 5³ = 398

∴ 230 is the wrong term.

2 × 13 = 26, 

26 ×  11 = 286,

286 ×  7 = 2002, 

2002 ×  5 = 10010,

10010 ×  3 = 30030.

The wrong term is 2004.

The series follows the following pattern:

30 × 0.5 + 1 = 16

16 × 1 + 2 = 18

18 × 1.5 + 3 = 30

30 × 2 + 4 = 64

64 × 2.5 + 5 = 165

∴ The wrong term in the series is 26.

Common Calculation

Let, Pants sold in Shop A is x.

Then, shirts sold in A = [4/3]x

Shop B sold 10 more shirts than pants

Let pants sold in B = y

→ shirts sold in B = y + 10

Pants in B is 17 more than in A

→ y =x + 17

⇒ x = y – 17

Total pants in A, B, and C = 163

Let pants sold in C = z

So: [x + y + z] = 163    

Shop C total items = 90

Let shirts in C = a

Then: [a + z ] = 90 ---------à (II)

Pants in C = 25% more than shirts

→ z = 1.25a

z = 1.25a,

So, a + z = 90

⇒ a + 1.25a = 90

⇒ 2.25a = 90

⇒ a = 40, z = [1.25 × 40] = 50

So, x + y = 113

Or, y – 17 + y = 113

Or, y = [130/2] = 65

So, x = 65 – 17 = 48

Now, Shirts sold in A = [4/3] × 48 = 64

Shirts sold in B = y + 10=75

Shirts in D is 5 less than in B

→ Shirts sold in D = y + 10 − 5 = y + 5 = 65 + 5 = 70

Ratio of shirts : pants in D = 7 : 6

So, Number of pants sold in D is 70 × 6 / 7 = 60

 

Calculation

Total items in A + B = [n + 22]

Items in A = 64 + 48 = 112

Items in B = 75 + 65 = 140

→ Total = 112 + 140 = 252

So, n + 22 = 252

⇒ n = 230

⇒8n + 22 = [(8 × 230) + 22] = 1840 + 22 = 1862

Common Calculation

Let, Pants sold in Shop A is x.

Then, shirts sold in A = [4/3]x

Shop B sold 10 more shirts than pants

Let pants sold in B = y

→ shirts sold in B = y + 10

Pants in B is 17 more than in A

→ y =x + 17

⇒ x = y – 17

Total pants in A, B, and C = 163

Let pants sold in C = z

So: [x + y + z] = 163    

Shop C total items = 90

Let shirts in C = a

Then: [a + z ] = 90 ---------à (II)

Pants in C = 25% more than shirts

→ z = 1.25a

z = 1.25a,

So, a + z = 90

⇒ a + 1.25a = 90

⇒ 2.25a = 90

⇒ a = 40, z = [1.25 × 40] = 50

So, x + y = 113

Or, y – 17 + y = 113

Or, y = [130/2] = 65

So, x = 65 – 17 = 48

Now, Shirts sold in A = [4/3] × 48 = 64

Shirts sold in B = y + 10=75

Shirts in D is 5 less than in B

→ Shirts sold in D = y + 10 − 5 = y + 5 = 65 + 5 = 70

Ratio of shirts : pants in D = 7 : 6

So, Number of pants sold in D is 70 × 6 / 7 = 60

 

Calculation

Watches in D = Average of pants in A and C

→ A pants = 48, C pants = 50

→ Average = (48 + 50)/2 = 49

→ D watches = 49

→ C watches = 49 + 25 = 74

Common Calculation

Let, Pants sold in Shop A is x.

Then, shirts sold in A = [4/3]x

Shop B sold 10 more shirts than pants

Let pants sold in B = y

→ shirts sold in B = y + 10

Pants in B is 17 more than in A

→ y =x + 17

⇒ x = y – 17

Total pants in A, B, and C = 163

Let pants sold in C = z

So: [x + y + z] = 163    

Shop C total items = 90

Let shirts in C = a

Then: [a + z ] = 90 ---------à (II)

Pants in C = 25% more than shirts

→ z = 1.25a

z = 1.25a,

So, a + z = 90

⇒ a + 1.25a = 90

⇒ 2.25a = 90

⇒ a = 40, z = [1.25 × 40] = 50

So, x + y = 113

Or, y – 17 + y = 113

Or, y = [130/2] = 65

So, x = 65 – 17 = 48

Now, Shirts sold in A = [4/3] × 48 = 64

Shirts sold in B = y + 10=75

Shirts in D is 5 less than in B

→ Shirts sold in D = y + 10 − 5 = y + 5 = 65 + 5 = 70

Ratio of shirts : pants in D = 7 : 6

So, Number of pants sold in D is 70 × 6 / 7 = 60

 

Calculation

Shirts earn Rs. 500, pants Rs. 400

We calculate shirt revenue and pant revenue across A–D

Shirts Total: A: 64, B: 75, C: 40 , D: 70

→ Total = 64 + 75 + 40 + 70 = 249

Pants Total: A: 48, B: 65 , C: 50 , D: 60

→ Total = 48 + 65 + 50 + 60 = 223

Revenue: Shirt revenue = 249 × 500 = Rs. 124500

Pant revenue = 223 × 400 = Rs. 89200

Difference = 124500 − 89200 = 35300

Common Calculation

Let, Pants sold in Shop A is x.

Then, shirts sold in A = [4/3]x

Shop B sold 10 more shirts than pants

Let pants sold in B = y

→ shirts sold in B = y + 10

Pants in B is 17 more than in A

→ y =x + 17

⇒ x = y – 17

Total pants in A, B, and C = 163

Let pants sold in C = z

So: [x + y + z] = 163    

Shop C total items = 90

Let shirts in C = a

Then: [a + z ] = 90 ---------à (II)

Pants in C = 25% more than shirts

→ z = 1.25a

z = 1.25a,

So, a + z = 90

⇒ a + 1.25a = 90

⇒ 2.25a = 90

⇒ a = 40, z = [1.25 × 40] = 50

So, x + y = 113

Or, y – 17 + y = 113

Or, y = [130/2] = 65

So, x = 65 – 17 = 48

Now, Shirts sold in A = [4/3] × 48 = 64

Shirts sold in B = y + 10=75

Shirts in D is 5 less than in B

→ Shirts sold in D = y + 10 − 5 = y + 5 = 65 + 5 = 70

Ratio of shirts : pants in D = 7 : 6

So, Number of pants sold in D is 70 × 6 / 7 = 60

 

Calculation

m= Difference between shirts in C and pants in D

→ C shirts = 40, D pants = 60

So, m = 60 – 40 = 20

⇒ 7m = 7 × 20 = 140

Common Calculation

Let, Pants sold in Shop A is x.

Then, shirts sold in A = [4/3]x

Shop B sold 10 more shirts than pants

Let pants sold in B = y

→ shirts sold in B = y + 10

Pants in B is 17 more than in A

→ y =x + 17

⇒ x = y – 17

Total pants in A, B, and C = 163

Let pants sold in C = z

So: [x + y + z] = 163    

Shop C total items = 90

Let shirts in C = a

Then: [a + z ] = 90 ---------à (II)

Pants in C = 25% more than shirts

→ z = 1.25a

z = 1.25a,

So, a + z = 90

⇒ a + 1.25a = 90

⇒ 2.25a = 90

⇒ a = 40, z = [1.25 × 40] = 50

So, x + y = 113

Or, y – 17 + y = 113

Or, y = [130/2] = 65

So, x = 65 – 17 = 48

Now, Shirts sold in A = [4/3] × 48 = 64

Shirts sold in B = y + 10=75

Shirts in D is 5 less than in B

→ Shirts sold in D = y + 10 − 5 = y + 5 = 65 + 5 = 70

Ratio of shirts : pants in D = 7 : 6

So, Number of pants sold in D is 70 × 6 / 7 = 60

 

Calculation

Shirts in E = 20 more than shirts in C

→ Shirts in E = 40 + 20 = 60

Pants in E = same as in B = 65

Total items in E = 60 + 65 = 125

Given:

A, B, and C can complete a work in 16, 24, and 32 days respectively

They all started the work together, but B left after working 3 days

C left 5 days before the completion of the work

Concept Used:

Work done = efficiency × time

Calculation:

Total work = LCM of (16, 24, 32) = 96 units

The efficiency of A = 96/16 = 6 unit/day

The efficiency of B = 96/24 = 4 unit/day

The efficiency of C = 96/32 = 3 unit/day

Let, the work get completed in T days

According to the question,

⇒ 6T + 4 × 3 + 3 × (T - 5) = 96

⇒ 6T + 12 +3T - 15 = 96

⇒ 9T = 99

⇒ T = 11 days

∴ The work is completed in 11 days

Shortcut Trick

Sum = Difference × (100/rate)² [Only for two years]

Here, Difference = Rs. 4.20, Rate = 5%, 

Sum = (4.20) × (100/5)² = Rs. 1680

∴ The sum of money is Rs. 1680.

Traditional method:

Given:

The difference between simple interest and compound interest is Rs. 4.20

Total time period = 2 years

Rate = 5%

Formula used:

S.I = (PRT)/100

Where S.I = Simple interest, P = Principal, R = Rate, T = Time

C.I = P[{1 + (r/100)}ⁿ - 1]

Where C.I = Compound interest, P = Pricipal, r = rate, n = time period

Calculation:

Let, the sum be P

Here, T = 2 years, R = 5%

So, S.I = (P × 5 × 2)/100 = (P/10)

Again, n = 2 years, r = 5%

So, C.I = P[{1 + (5/100)}² - 1]

⇒ C.I = P[{1 + (1/20)}² - 1]

⇒ C.I = P[(441/400) - 1]

⇒ C.I = P[41/400]

Now, according to the question, we can say,

P[41/400] - (P/10) = 4.2

⇒ P[(41/400) - (1/10)] = 4.2

⇒ P[(41 - 40)/400] = 4.2

⇒ P[1/400] = 4.2

⇒ P = 4.2 × 400 = 1680

∴ The sum of money is Rs. 1680.

Given:

Length of train A = 120 meters

Speed of train = 90 km/h

Speed of train B = 30 m/s

Formula used:

Time = distance/speed

Relative speed = (sum of the length of train 1 and 2) / (sum of the speed of train 1 and 2)

Calculation:

Speed of train A = 90 × (5/18) = 25 m/s

Let the length of the platform be x meters.

⇒ (120 + x)/25 = 40

⇒ 120 + x = 1000

⇒ x = 1000 – 120

⇒ x = 880 meters

Speed of train B = 30 m/s

Let the length of train B be y meters

⇒ (y + 880)/30 = 55

⇒ y + 880 = 1650

⇒ y = 1650 – 880

⇒ y = 770 meters

∴ Required time = (120 + 770) / (25 + 30)

⇒ 890/55

⇒ $16\frac{2}{{11}}$ seconds

Given:

Distance covered by boat in upstream = 200 km

Distance covered by boat in downstream = 300 km

Formula used:

Time = distance/speed

Calculation:

Let the speed of stream be s km/h

Upstream speed = (5 – s) km/h

Downstream speed = (5 + s) km/h

According to question:

200/(5 – s) = 300/(5 + s)

⇒ 200(5 + s) = 300(5 – s)

⇒ 1000 + 200s = 1500 – 300s

⇒ -500 = - 500s

⇒ s = 1 km/h

∴ Speed of stream is 1 km/h

Common Calculation

Given:

Total Balls Manufactured = 640

Formula:

Total Balls = Total × Percentage/100

Blue Balls = Total Balls × Blue Parts / Total Parts

Green Balls = Total Balls × Green Parts / Total Parts

Calculation:

⇒ May Total Balls = 10% of 640 = (10/100) × 640 = 64

⇒ Blue Balls in May = (5/8) × 64 = 40

⇒ Green Balls in May = (3/8) × 64 = 24

⇒ June Total Balls = 15% of 640 = (15/100) × 640 = 96

⇒ Blue Balls in June = (7/12) × 96 = 56

⇒ Green Balls in June = (5/12) × 96 = 40

⇒ July Total Balls = 20% of 640 = (20/100) × 640 = 128

⇒ Blue Balls in July = (5/8) × 128 = 80

⇒ Green Balls in July = (3/8) × 128 = 48

⇒ August Total Balls = 25% of 640 = (25/100) × 640 = 160

⇒ Blue Balls in August = (3/8) × 160 = 60

⇒ Green Balls in August = (5/8) × 160 = 100

⇒ September Total Balls = 30% of 640 = (30/100) × 640 = 192

⇒ Blue Balls in September = (7/12) × 192 = 112

⇒ Green Balls in September = (5/12) × 192 = 80

Given:

Blue Balls (June) = 56

Blue Balls (September) = 112

Green Balls (May) = 24

Green Balls (July) = 48

Formula:

Required Percentage

= [(First Quantity − Second Quantity)/Second Quantity] × 100

Calculation:

⇒ Total Blue Balls (June & September) = 56 + 112 = 168

⇒ Total Green Balls (May & July) = 24 + 48 = 72

⇒ Difference = 168 – 72 = 96

⇒ Required Percentage = (96/72) × 100 = 133(1/3)%

∴ Answer = 133(1/3)%

Common Calculation

Given:

Total Balls Manufactured = 640

Formula:

Total Balls = Total × Percentage/100

Blue Balls = Total Balls × Blue Parts / Total Parts

Green Balls = Total Balls × Green Parts / Total Parts

Calculation:

⇒ May Total Balls = 10% of 640 = (10/100) × 640 = 64

⇒ Blue Balls in May = (5/8) × 64 = 40

⇒ Green Balls in May = (3/8) × 64 = 24

⇒ June Total Balls = 15% of 640 = (15/100) × 640 = 96

⇒ Blue Balls in June = (7/12) × 96 = 56

⇒ Green Balls in June = (5/12) × 96 = 40

⇒ July Total Balls = 20% of 640 = (20/100) × 640 = 128

⇒ Blue Balls in July = (5/8) × 128 = 80

⇒ Green Balls in July = (3/8) × 128 = 48

⇒ August Total Balls = 25% of 640 = (25/100) × 640 = 160

⇒ Blue Balls in August = (3/8) × 160 = 60

⇒ Green Balls in August = (5/8) × 160 = 100

⇒ September Total Balls = 30% of 640 = (30/100) × 640 = 192

⇒ Blue Balls in September = (7/12) × 192 = 112

⇒ Green Balls in September = (5/12) × 192 = 80

Given:

Green Balls (August & September)

Blue Balls (May, June & July)

Formula:

Required Ratio

= First Quantity : Second Quantity

Calculation:

⇒ Green Balls in August and September = 100 + 80 = 180

⇒ Blue Balls in May, June and July = 40 + 56 + 80 = 176

⇒ Required Ratio = 180 : 176 = 45 : 44

∴ Answer = 45 : 44

Common Calculation

Given:

Total Balls Manufactured = 640

Formula:

Total Balls = Total × Percentage/100

Blue Balls = Total Balls × Blue Parts / Total Parts

Green Balls = Total Balls × Green Parts / Total Parts

Calculation:

⇒ May Total Balls = 10% of 640 = (10/100) × 640 = 64

⇒ Blue Balls in May = (5/8) × 64 = 40

⇒ Green Balls in May = (3/8) × 64 = 24

⇒ June Total Balls = 15% of 640 = (15/100) × 640 = 96

⇒ Blue Balls in June = (7/12) × 96 = 56

⇒ Green Balls in June = (5/12) × 96 = 40

⇒ July Total Balls = 20% of 640 = (20/100) × 640 = 128

⇒ Blue Balls in July = (5/8) × 128 = 80

⇒ Green Balls in July = (3/8) × 128 = 48

⇒ August Total Balls = 25% of 640 = (25/100) × 640 = 160

⇒ Blue Balls in August = (3/8) × 160 = 60

⇒ Green Balls in August = (5/8) × 160 = 100

⇒ September Total Balls = 30% of 640 = (30/100) × 640 = 192

⇒ Blue Balls in September = (7/12) × 192 = 112

⇒ Green Balls in September = (5/12) × 192 = 80

 

Given:

Blue Balls in August = 60

Blue Balls in September = 112

Transferred Blue Balls = 20

Formula:

New Quantity

= Original Quantity ± Transferred Balls

Required Ratio

= New Blue Balls in August : New Blue Balls in September

Calculation:

⇒ New Blue Balls in August = 60 + 20 = 80

⇒ New Blue Balls in September = 112 – 20 = 92

⇒ Required Ratio = 80 : 92 = 20 : 23

∴ Answer = 20 : 23

Common Calculation

Given:

Total Balls Manufactured = 640

Formula:

Total Balls = Total × Percentage/100

Blue Balls = Total Balls × Blue Parts / Total Parts

Green Balls = Total Balls × Green Parts / Total Parts

Calculation:

⇒ May Total Balls = 10% of 640 = (10/100) × 640 = 64

⇒ Blue Balls in May = (5/8) × 64 = 40

⇒ Green Balls in May = (3/8) × 64 = 24

⇒ June Total Balls = 15% of 640 = (15/100) × 640 = 96

⇒ Blue Balls in June = (7/12) × 96 = 56

⇒ Green Balls in June = (5/12) × 96 = 40

⇒ July Total Balls = 20% of 640 = (20/100) × 640 = 128

⇒ Blue Balls in July = (5/8) × 128 = 80

⇒ Green Balls in July = (3/8) × 128 = 48

⇒ August Total Balls = 25% of 640 = (25/100) × 640 = 160

⇒ Blue Balls in August = (3/8) × 160 = 60

⇒ Green Balls in August = (5/8) × 160 = 100

⇒ September Total Balls = 30% of 640 = (30/100) × 640 = 192

⇒ Blue Balls in September = (7/12) × 192 = 112

⇒ Green Balls in September = (5/12) × 192 = 80

 

Given:

Balls Manufactured during June, July and August

Balls Manufactured during May and September

Formula:

Average

= Sum of Quantities/Number of Quantities

Required Difference

= First Average − Second Average

Calculation:

⇒ Average Balls Manufactured during June, July and August = (96 + 128 + 160)/3 = 384/3 = 128

⇒ Average Balls Manufactured during May and September = (64 + 192)/2 = 256/2 = 128

⇒ Required Difference = 128 – 128 = 0

∴ Answer = 0

Common Calculation

Given:

Total Balls Manufactured = 640

Formula:

Total Balls = Total × Percentage/100

Blue Balls = Total Balls × Blue Parts / Total Parts

Green Balls = Total Balls × Green Parts / Total Parts

Calculation:

⇒ May Total Balls = 10% of 640 = (10/100) × 640 = 64

⇒ Blue Balls in May = (5/8) × 64 = 40

⇒ Green Balls in May = (3/8) × 64 = 24

⇒ June Total Balls = 15% of 640 = (15/100) × 640 = 96

⇒ Blue Balls in June = (7/12) × 96 = 56

⇒ Green Balls in June = (5/12) × 96 = 40

⇒ July Total Balls = 20% of 640 = (20/100) × 640 = 128

⇒ Blue Balls in July = (5/8) × 128 = 80

⇒ Green Balls in July = (3/8) × 128 = 48

⇒ August Total Balls = 25% of 640 = (25/100) × 640 = 160

⇒ Blue Balls in August = (3/8) × 160 = 60

⇒ Green Balls in August = (5/8) × 160 = 100

⇒ September Total Balls = 30% of 640 = (30/100) × 640 = 192

⇒ Blue Balls in September = (7/12) × 192 = 112

⇒ Green Balls in September = (5/12) × 192 = 80

Given:

Green Balls in August = 100

Blue Balls in June = 56

Blue Balls in July = 80

Formula:

Required Percentage

= (Required Quantity/Base Quantity) × 100

Calculation:

⇒ Total Blue Balls in June and July = 56 + 80 = 136

⇒ Green Balls in August = 100

⇒ Required Percentage = (100/136) × 100 = 73.53% ≈ 73.5%

∴ Answer = 73.5%

Given:

Total population of the village = x

2/7 of them are graduates

Remaining are non-graduates

30% of non-graduates = 2100

25% of graduates are employed

42.85% of non-graduates are unemployed

Formula used:

Number of non-graduates = Total population - Number of graduates

Number of unemployed graduates = 75% of graduates

Number of employed non-graduates = 57.15% of non-graduates

Calculations:

Let the total population be x.

Number of graduates:

2/7 of x = 2x/7

Number of non-graduates:

Remaining = x - 2x/7 = 5x/7

Given 30% of non-graduates = 2100:

0.3 × 5x/7 = 2100

⇒ 1.5x/7 = 2100

⇒ 1.5x = 2100 × 7

⇒ 1.5x = 14700

⇒ x = 14700 / 1.5

⇒ x = 9800

Total population = 9800

Number of graduates:

2/7 of 9800 = 2/7 × 9800 = 2800

Number of non-graduates:

5/7 of 9800 = 5/7 × 9800 = 7000

Number of employed graduates:

25% of 2800 = 0.25 × 2800 = 700

Number of unemployed graduates:

75% of 2800 = 0.75 × 2800 = 2100

Number of unemployed non-graduates:

42.85% of 7000 = 0.4285 × 7000 = 2999.5 ≈ 3000

Number of employed non-graduates:

Remaining non-graduates after accounting for unemployed non-graduates:

Total non-graduates - Unemployed non-graduates = 7000 - 3000 = 4000

Difference between unemployed graduates and employed non-graduates:

Difference = 2100 - 4000

∴ The difference between unemployed graduates and employed non-graduates is 1900.

Given:

Average weight initially = 9.5 kg

5 dogs with average weight 6.5 kg leave and 4 dogs with average weight 12.5 kg join the group

Average increases by 3 kg

Formula used:

Average = sum of observations / no. of observations

Calculation:

Let the no. of dogs be x

According to question,

(9.5x - 5 × 6.5 + 4 × 12.5) / x - 5 + 4 = 12.5

⇒ (9.5x - 32.5 + 50) / x- 1 = 12.5

⇒ 9.5x + 17.5 / x - 1 = 12.5

⇒ 9.5x + 17.5 = (x - 1) × 12.5

⇒ 12.5x - 9.5x = 17.5 + 12.5

⇒ 3x = 30

⇒ x = 10

∴ The number of dogs initially in the group is 10.

Let the investments of A and B be ₹4x and ₹5x, respectively.

A and B invested their amounts for 12 months, while C invested for 12 – 7 = 5 months

Ratio of profits = 4x × 12: 5x × 12: 18000 × 5 = 48x:60x:90000

Given profit ratio = 8:10:5

Therefore, 48x/8 = 90000/5

Or, 6x = 18000

So, x = 3000

Investment of B = 5x = 5 × 3000 = ₹ 15,000

Given: Seven persons - A, B, C, D, E, F and G stand in a queue to buy a stationary item one after another. It is assumed that no persons other than the given are standing in a queue. Each person buys a stationary item – Pen, Scale, Cutter, Eraser, Scissors, Marker and Pencil. No two persons buy the same stationary item.

1. The person who buys Marker stands four persons before A. 
2. The number of persons standing after the one who buys a Marker is one more than the number of persons standing before C. 

Here, there are three cases, i.e. Case 1, Case 2 and Case 3.

 

3. Only two persons stand between C and the one who buys Pen, who stands immediately after the one who buys Eraser. 
4. Only four persons stand between G and B. 
5. G buys neither Eraser nor Cutter. 

Case 2 gets eliminated because there is no place left for C.

 

6. As many persons stand between the one who buys Pen and G as between D and the one who buys Cutter. 
7. F stands two persons after D. 
8. G and E do not buy Scissors.

Case 3 gets eliminated because as many persons stand between the one who buys Pen and G as between D and the one who buys Cutter, which is not satisfied. Hence, the final arrangement:

 

D stands as the first person.

Hence, the correct answer is ‘D’.