English Comprehension PYQs

The correct answer is 'apparent'.

 

Key Points

• The word "apparent" means clearly visible or understood; obvious. (स्पष्ट)
• In the given context, the word "apparent" correctly describes the lack of a visible reason for the train stopping.
• The other options: "gaudy," "taken," and "florid" do not fit the context appropriately.

​Therefore, the correct answer is 'Option 4'.

Complete Sentence: For no apparent reason, the train suddenly stopped, and the passengers went into a state of panic.

Additional Information

• Gaudy (भड़कीला): means extravagantly bright or showy, typically so as to be tasteless.
• Taken (लिया हुआ): means to have possession of something.
• Florid (सजीव): means having a red or flushed complexion; elaborately or excessively intricate or complicated.

The correct answer is: Option 4 i.e. Joy and sorrow.

Key Points

• The idiom "weal and woe" means referring to both the good and bad times, joy and sorrow. (सुख और दुख)
• Example: They vowed to stand by each other through weal and woe.
• "Joy and sorrow" refers to the emotional highs and lows that one experiences in life. (सुख और दुख)
• Example: Life is a mix of joy and sorrow that we must learn to navigate.

Therefore, the correct answer is: Joy and sorrow.

Additional Information

Here are the other options explained along with their Hindi meanings and example sentences:

• Early and late (जल्दी और देर): Refers to different times of the day.
• Example: She works early and late to provide for her family.
• Hot and cold (गर्म और ठंडा): Refers to varying temperatures.
• Example: The weather here can be hot and cold within the same day.
• Simplicity and complexity (सरलता और जटिलता): Refers to the level of difficulty or intricacy.
• Example: The beauty of the design lies in its simplicity and complexity.

The correct answer is: Option 4 i.e. Someone who is unpredictable and liable to cause problems.

Key Points

• The word "Loose cannon" means someone who is unpredictable and likely to cause problems or damage. (अप्रत्याशित और समस्याएं उत्पन्न करने वाला)
• Example: John's unpredictable behavior at meetings makes him a loose cannon on the team.
• "Unpredictable" refers to someone or something that cannot be predicted; they may act in unexpected ways. (अप्रत्याशित)
• Example: The weather in this region is highly unpredictable.
• Hence, we can infer that "Loose cannon" describes someone who is unpredictable and liable to cause problems.

Therefore, the correct answer is: Option 4 i.e. Someone who is unpredictable and liable to cause problems.

Additional Information

Here are the other options explained along with their Hindi meanings and example sentences:

• Someone who is enthusiastic and very eager to take responsibilities (कोई जो उत्साही और जिम्मेदारियां लेने के लिए बहुत उत्सुक हो):
• Example: She is always the first to volunteer for new projects, very enthusiastic and eager to take on responsibilities.
• Someone who is well known and respected in society (कोई जो समाज में प्रसिद्ध और सम्मानित हो):
• Example: The mayor is a well-known and respected figure in our community.
• Someone who is quiet and reserved in social situations (कोई जो सामाजिक स्थितियों में शांत और संयमी हो):
• Example: Despite his talent, he's often quiet and reserved at social gatherings.

The correct answer is Option 3.

 

Key Points

• Passive voice structure: The object of the active voice sentence becomes the subject of the passive voice sentence.
• In the active voice, the sentence is: "The shopkeeper lifted the shutter to open his shop."
• To convert to passive voice: Place the object "the shutter" at the beginning.
• Change the active verb form "lifted" to "was lifted" (past simple passive).
• Add the preposition "by" followed by the original subject "the shopkeeper."
• Ensure the purpose "to open his shop" remains at the end of the sentence for clarity.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 3.

 

Correct Sentence: "The shutter was lifted by the shopkeeper to open his shop."

 

Additional Information

• Option 1: "To open his shop, the shutter is lifted by the shopkeeper." – Incorrect tense (present simple passive).
• Option 2: "The shutter will be lifted by the shopkeeper to open his shop." – Incorrect tense (future simple passive).
• Option 4: "The shutter is being lifted by the shopkeeper to open his shop." – Incorrect tense (present continuous passive).

The correct answer is Option 2.

 

Key Points

• Passive voice structure: The object of the active voice sentence becomes the subject of the passive voice sentence.
• In the active voice, the sentence is: "Who built this colossal architectural structure?"
• To convert to passive voice: Place the object "this colossal architectural structure" at the beginning.
• Change the active verb form "built" to "was built" (simple past passive).
• Add the preposition "by" followed by the original subject "whom."

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 2.

 

Correct Sentence: "By whom was this colossal architectural structure built?"

 

Additional Information

• Option 1: "Who had this colossal architectural structure built?" – This is in a different tense and changes the meaning.
• Option 3: "By whom has this colossal architectural structure been built?" – Incorrect tense (present perfect passive).
• Option 4: "By whom is this colossal architectural structure built?" – Incorrect tense (present simple passive).

The correct answer is Option 2.

 

Key Points

• Passive voice structure: The object of the active voice sentence becomes the subject of the passive voice sentence.
• In the active voice, the sentence is: "We have reorganised the department over the last year."
• To convert to passive voice: Place the object "the department" at the beginning.
• Change the active verb form "have reorganised" to "has been reorganised" (present perfect passive).

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 2.

 

Correct Sentence: "The department has been reorganised over the last year."

 

Additional Information

• Option 1: "The department is being reorganised over the last year." – Incorrect tense (present continuous passive).
• Option 3: "Last year, the department was reorganised." – Incorrect time phrase usage and past simple tense.
• Option 4: "The department is reorganised by me." – Incorrect tense and subject.

The correct answer is Option 4.

 

Key Points

• Passive voice structure: The object of the active voice sentence becomes the subject of the passive voice sentence.
• In the passive voice, the sentence is: "Was your bicycle stolen by him?"
• To convert to active voice: Place the subject "he" at the beginning.
• Change the passive verb form "was stolen" to "did steal" (simple past active).
• Ensure the object "your bicycle" follows the verb for clarity.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 4.

 

Correct Sentence: "Did he steal your bicycle?"

 

Additional Information

• Option 1: "Was he stealing your bicycle?" – This changes the tense and form of the original sentence.
• Option 2: "Has he stolen your bicycle?" – This changes the tense of the original sentence.
• Option 3: "Had he stolen your bicycle?" – This changes the tense of the original sentence.

The correct answer is Option 4.

 

Key Points

• Passive voice structure: The object of the active voice sentence becomes the subject of the passive voice sentence.
• In the active voice, the sentence is: "The interference of the police force would have controlled the situation."
• To convert to passive voice: Place the object "the situation" at the beginning.
• Change the active verb form "would have controlled" to "would have been controlled" (past perfect conditional passive).
• Add the preposition "by" followed by the original subject "the interference of the police force."

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 4.

 

Correct Sentence: "The situation would have been controlled by the interference of the police force."

 

Additional Information

• Option 1: "The situation could have been controlled by the interference of the police force." – Incorrect conditional form.
• Option 2: "The situation would be controlled by the interference of the police force." – Incorrect tense (simple conditional).
• Option 3: "The situation could be controlled by the interference of the police force." – Incorrect conditional form and tense.

The correct answer is Option 3.

 

Key Points

• The primary issue in the sentence is the incorrect usage of the word "who" to refer to the parents.
• The correct word to use here is "whose," which is a possessive pronoun used to indicate ownership or relation.
• "Whose" correctly connects the person to their parents in the sentence.
• Thus, the correct replacement for "who parents" is "whose parents."

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 3.

 

Correct Sentence: "I know a person whose parents live in Milan."

 

Additional Information

• Option 1: "what parents" – This option is grammatically incorrect and does not fit the context of the sentence.
• Option 2: "which parents" – This option is also incorrect as it does not properly indicate possession.
• Option 4: "whom parents" – This option is incorrect because "whom" is used as the object of a verb or preposition, not to indicate possession.

The correct answer is Option 1.

 

Key Points

• The primary issue in the sentence is the incorrect form of the verb "stop".
• The correct form should be "stopped" to indicate the past participle.
• The correct phrase should be "not have stopped", ensuring grammatical correctness.
• Thus, the error is located in part 1 of the sentence.

Therefore, the correct answer is 1.

 

Correct Sentence: "The rain will not have stopped before the match begins."

The correct answer is 'has'.

 

Key Points

• The sentence discusses an event planned by the Kodagu district administration, indicating a present or recently completed action.
• The correct subject-verb agreement should be maintained. "Kodagu district administration" is a singular subject, so the verb should be "has" instead of "have."
• "Had" would indicate a past event, but the sentence refers to an upcoming festival.
• "Has been" would imply a continuous action, which does not fit the context of a one-time planned event.

Therefore, the correct answer is 'Option 3'.

The correct answer is 'is'.

 

Key Points

• The passage discusses a festival that is planned in the present context (future event), indicating that the sentence is in the present tense.
• The verb following it should also maintain the same tense consistency. Hence, the correct form is "is aimed".
• The word "is" is used to indicate that the action (aiming) is currently valid and relevant.
• Other options like "was", "had", and "have" refer to past or plural actions, which do not match the singular present subject "The festival".

Therefore, the correct answer is 'Option 1'.

 

Additional Information

• Have (है/हैं): Used with plural subjects or for perfect tense forms, not suitable here as “festival” is singular.
• Had (था): Indicates past perfect tense, not appropriate as the festival is still being discussed as an upcoming event.
• Was (था): Refers to a past completed action, whereas the sentence talks about a current plan.

The correct answer is 'apiculture'.

 

Key Points

• The passage discusses the Honey Festival and its aim to promote a specific type of farming related to honey production.
• "Apiculture" refers to beekeeping, which is directly linked to honey production, making it the most suitable option.
• Therefore, the correct answer is 'Option 3'.

 

Additional Information

• Agriculture (कृषि): A broad term that refers to all farming activities, not specifically honey production.
• Horticulture (उद्यान विज्ञान): The cultivation of plants, primarily fruits, vegetables, and flowers.
• Sericulture (रेशम उत्पादन): The rearing of silkworms for silk production, unrelated to honey.

The correct answer is 'expected'.

 

Key Points

• The sentence discusses a condition or state of being anticipated or regarded as likely.
• The appropriate word should reflect a state of being anticipated or awaited.
• "Expected" fits well as it denotes something that is anticipated or likely to happen, aligning with the context.
• Other options ("excepted", "accepted", "sophisticated") do not fit the context of the sentence.

Therefore, the correct answer is 'Option 3'.

 

Additional Information

• Excepted: "Excepted" means excluded, which does not fit the context of discussing anticipated conditions.
• Accepted: "Accepted" means agreed upon or approved, which does not reflect the idea of being anticipated or awaited.
• Sophisticated: "Sophisticated" means complex or refined, which does not align with describing a state of being expected.

The correct answer is 'engaged'.

 

Key Points

• The word "engaged" means actively involved or participating in something, making it the most appropriate choice in this context.
• The passage talks about bringing together people, scientists, societies, and companies that are actively working in honey production.
• "Engaged" fits the sentence as it correctly describes those involved in the activity of producing honey.
• Other options like "captivated" (meaning fascinated), "engrossed" (meaning deeply focused), and "related" (meaning connected) do not accurately convey the intended meaning.

Therefore, the correct answer is 'Option 3'.

The correct answer is 'incessant'.

 

Key Points

• The passage discusses continuous or unending actions or states.
• The appropriate adjective should indicate a continuous or ceaseless nature.
• "Incessant" fits well as it denotes something that is ongoing without interruption, aligning with the context.
• Other options ("inadvertent", "transparent", "robust") do not fit the context of describing a continuous or unending action.

Therefore, the correct answer is 'Option 2'.

 

Additional Information

• Inadvertent (अवधानहीन): "Inadvertent" means not resulting from or achieved through deliberate planning, which does not fit the context of continuous action.
• Transparent (पारदर्शी): "Transparent" means allowing light to pass through so that objects behind can be distinctly seen, which does not align with the idea of continuity.
• Robust (मजबूत): "Robust" means strong and healthy, which does not describe a continuous or unending action.

The correct answer is 'foundation'.

 

Key Points

• The sentence refers to the fundamental aspects of daily work, suggesting that the missing word should mean a strong base or groundwork.
• "Foundation" is the most appropriate word as it denotes the underlying support or structure upon which something is built.
• Other options ("placement", "pleasing", "delicacy") do not fit the context of describing the core aspects of nursing work.

Therefore, the correct answer is 'Option 1'.

The correct answer is 'Noble'.

 

Key Points

• The passage describes nursing as a profession that goes beyond mere duty and involves grace and service.
• The word "calling" suggests a deep sense of purpose and dedication.
• "Noble" fits well as it denotes a profession that is honorable, selfless, and dedicated to helping others.
• Other options ("Diffident", "Problematic", "Corrosive") do not fit the context of describing a calling that is associated with service and privilege.

Therefore, the correct answer is 'Option 2'.

The correct answer is 'Serving'.

 

Key Points

• The passage discusses the role of nursing as a profession that involves helping and caring for patients.
• The appropriate verb should reflect an action that aligns with assisting or taking care of others.
• "Serving" fits well as it conveys the idea of providing care and assistance to patients.
• Other options ("Deceiving", "Hosting", "Preventing") do not align with the context of nursing as a noble and compassionate profession.

Therefore, the correct answer is 'Option 1'.

 

Additional Information

• Deceiving (धोखा देना): "Deceiving" means misleading or tricking someone, which does not fit the context of nursing.
• Hosting (मेजबानी करना): "Hosting" means entertaining or receiving guests, which is not suitable for describing patient care.
• Preventing (रोकना): "Preventing" means stopping something from happening, which does not accurately reflect the act of caring for patients.

The correct answer is 'brink'.

 

Key Points

• The passage discusses the experience of helping people at the edge of life and death.
• The appropriate noun should indicate a state of being close to a critical moment or a turning point.
• "Brink" fits well as it denotes the edge or verge of something, such as death in this context.
• Other options ("longevity", "leverage", "allowance") do not fit the context of being close to death.

Therefore, the correct answer is 'Option 2'.

 

Additional Information

• Longevity (दीर्घायु) refers to long life, which doesn't fit the idea of someone being close to death.
• Leverage (स्रोत) refers to the use of something to gain an advantage, which doesn't relate to the context of death.
• Allowance (अनुमति) means permission or allowance, which is unrelated to the theme of being near death.