English Comprehension PYQs

The correct answer is Option 2.

 

Key Points

• Indirect Speech: Rohan told Manasi that he had no rose to give her then.
• Key Conversions:
• Pronoun Change:
• "I" becomes "he" (to match the reporting subject "Rohan").
• "you" becomes "her" (to match the object "Manasi").
• Tense Change:
• Direct speech in present perfect ("have no rose") changes to past perfect ("had no rose") in indirect speech.
• Time Expression:
• "now" changes to "then" in indirect speech.
• Reporting Verb:
• The reporting verb "said to" changes to "told" in indirect speech.
• Punctuation and Format:
• Quotation marks are removed in indirect speech.
• The sentence begins with the reporting clause and is followed by the reported speech.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 2.

 

Correct Sentence: Rohan told Manasi that he had no rose to give her then.

 

Additional Information

• Option 1: "Rohan told Manasi that he has no rose to give her then."
• The verb "has" is incorrect as it remains in the present tense instead of changing to the past tense.
• Option 3: "Rohan told Manasi that he had had no rose to give her then."
• The double past perfect "had had" is unnecessary and grammatically incorrect in this context.
• Option 4: "Rohan told Manasi that he had no rose to give her now."
• The word "now" is incorrect as it does not align with the shift to indirect speech (should be "then").

The correct answer is Option (1) i.e. ABCD

 

Key Points

• The sentence begins with the subject "my mother," which is correctly indicated by part (A).
• Following the subject, "bought" (AB) continues the logical sequence, making it clear what the mother did.
• The next part, "a beautiful saree," completes the object of the action, indicated by (C).
• The sentence ends with "yesterday," which provides the time of the action, indicated by (D).

Therefore, the correct answer is ABCD.

 

Additional Information

• Option 2 (CBAD): This sequence starts with "a beautiful saree," which is not a logical beginning for the sentence. It lacks the subject.
• Option 3 (ACBD): While it starts with the subject, the sequence "my mother a beautiful saree bought yesterday" is grammatically incorrect.
• Option 4 (BACD): Starting with "bought" makes the sentence incomplete as it does not introduce the subject first.

The correct answer is: Reject.

Key Points

• The word "approve" means to officially agree to or accept something as satisfactory. (स्वीकृत करना)
• Example: The board will approve the budget after reviewing the financial report.
• "Reject" refers to refusing to accept, agree with, or consider something or someone. (अस्वीकार करना)
• Example: The committee decided to reject the proposal due to its high cost.
• Hence, we can infer that the opposite of 'approve' is 'reject'.

Therefore, the correct answer is: Reject.

Additional Information

Here are the other options explained along with their Hindi meanings and example sentences:

• Sanction (स्वीकृति): To give official permission or approval for an action.
• Example: The government decided to sanction funds for the development project.
• Endorse (समर्थन करना ): To publicly or officially declare support for something.
• Example: The celebrity agreed to endorse the new product in the advertisement.
• Certify (प्रमाणित करना): To confirm or attest to something as true, accurate, or meeting a certain standard.
• Example: The inspector will certify the building as safe after a thorough examination.

The correct answer is Option 4.

 

Key Points

• Indirect Speech: She said that she had never encountered such behavior.
• Key Conversions:
• "She had never encountered" becomes "I had never encountered"
• Past perfect tense "had never encountered" remains unchanged in direct speech.
• Pronoun "she" is changed to "I" to reflect the speaker's voice in direct speech.
• Reporting clause:
• Indirect: "She said that"
• Converted to: "She said," introducing the direct speech.
• Punctuation and Format:
• Direct speech is enclosed in quotation marks.
• Starts with a capital letter "I" and ends with a period inside the quotation marks.
• Reporting clause ends with a comma before the quoted speech.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 4.

 

Correct Sentence: "I had never encountered such behavior," she said.

 

Additional Information

• Option 1: "I never encounter such behavior," she said.
• Incorrect tense: "never encounter" (present tense) does not match the past perfect tense of the indirect speech.
• Option 2: "I have never encounter such behavior," she said.
• Incorrect tense: "have never encounter" does not follow any grammatical rule.
• Option 3: "I was never encountering such behavior," she said.
• Incorrect tense: "was never encountering" (past continuous) alters the meaning and does not match the original sentence.

The correct answer is Option 4.

 

Key Points

• Passive voice structure: The object of the active voice sentence becomes the subject of the passive voice sentence.
• In the active voice, the sentence is: "She cleaned the house yesterday."
• To convert to passive voice: Place the object "the house" at the beginning.
• Change the active verb form "cleaned" to "was cleaned" (past simple passive).
• Add the preposition "by" followed by the original subject "her."
• Ensure the time phrase "yesterday" remains at the end of the sentence for clarity.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 4.

 

Correct Sentence: "The house was cleaned by her yesterday."

 

Additional Information

• Option 1: "The house was being cleaned." – Incorrect tense (past continuous passive).
• Option 2: "The house has cleaned." – Incorrect verb form (present perfect passive).
• Option 3: "The house is cleaned by her yesterday." – Incorrect tense (mixing present tense with past time reference).

The correct answer is 'to'.

 

Key Points

• The word "to" is used to indicate a comparison in rank or position between two individuals.
• In the sentence, Ramesh's seniority is being compared to the speaker's in service.
• Options 2, 3, and 4 are incorrect as they do not fit the grammatical structure required for the comparison.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 1.

 

Complete Sentence: "Ramesh is senior to me in service."

 

Additional Information

• Option 2: "from" is incorrect because "from" is not used to indicate a comparison of rank or position.
• Option 3: "of" is incorrect because it does not fit the context of the sentence.
• Option 4: "with" is incorrect as it does not express the intended comparison.

The correct answer is Option (1) i.e. PSRQ

 

Key Points

• The sentence begins with part P, "interrogates historical narratives," as it introduces the main theme of postcolonial literature.
• Part S, "rooted in indigenous experience," comes next, providing context about the foundation of the historical narratives.
• Part R, "and offers alternative perspectives," logically continues the sentence by explaining the purpose of interrogating narratives.
• Finally, part Q, "while reclaiming suppressed voices," concludes the sentence, emphasizing the ultimate goal of postcolonial literature.

Therefore, the correct arrangement is PSRQ.

 

Additional Information

• Option 2 (RSPQ): This arrangement disrupts the logical sequence by starting with alternative perspectives without first introducing the historical narratives being interrogated.
• Option 3 (QRSP): Starting with "while reclaiming suppressed voices" makes the sentence lose its focus on interrogating historical narratives, which is central to postcolonial literature.
• Option 4 (SRPQ): This arrangement creates a fragmented and unclear sentence structure by starting with indigenous experience without providing context.

The correct answer is Option (2) i.e. DACB

Key Points

• The sentence starts with the subject "he," which is correctly indicated by part (D).
• The next part, "opened," describes the action performed by the subject, indicated by part (A).
• Following this, "the door" (C) specifies what was opened, maintaining logical sequence.
• The sentence ends with "slowly" (B), which describes how the action was performed, completing the sentence.

Therefore, the correct answer is DACB.

Additional Information

• Option 1 (DABC): This option starts with "he opened slowly the door," which is grammatically incorrect as the adverb "slowly" is misplaced.
• Option 3 (BACD): This option starts with "slowly the door he opened," which is not a meaningful sentence in proper English.
• Option 4 (DCAB): This option makes the sentence illogical by adding 'the door' just after 'he'.

The correct answer is Option 3.

 

Key Points

• The sentence uses the incorrect preposition "by" with the word "decorated."
• When describing something that is adorned or beautified, the correct preposition to use is "with."
• The phrase should be "decorated with posters" to convey the intended meaning.
• Therefore, "decorated by posters" is incorrect, and the correct option is Option 3.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 3.

 

Correct Sentence: "The wall is decorated with posters."

 

Additional Information

• Option 1: "full of posters" – This phrase changes the meaning of the sentence and suggests that the wall is entirely covered, which is not the same as being decorated.
• Option 2: "painted in posters" – This phrase is grammatically incorrect and does not make sense in the given context.
• Option 4: "covered in posters" – While this option is close in meaning, it is not as precise as "decorated with posters" when referring to adding decorative elements.

The correct answer is: Legal matter.

Key Points

• The word "case" has multiple meanings and is a homonym, meaning it can refer to different concepts depending on the context. (प्रकरण या मामला)
• English Meaning: "Case" can mean a legal matter or dispute, an example or instance, a scenario, or even a physical container like a suitcase.
• Hindi Meaning: मामला, केस, उदाहरण, परिदृश्य, या सूटकेस
• Legal matter refers to a situation or issue that involves legal action or requires legal attention. (कानूनी मामला)
• Example: The lawyer handled the case with great expertise, ensuring justice was served.
• Hence, in the context of the sentence "This case calls for immediate action," "case" refers to a legal matter, making it the correct answer.

Therefore, the correct answer is: Legal matter.

Additional Information

Here are the other options explained along with their Hindi meanings and example sentences:

• Suitcase (सूटकेस): A portable container used for carrying clothes and other personal items during travel.
• Example: She packed her suitcase with all the essentials for her trip.
• Example (उदाहरण): A representative instance or model of something.
• Example: The teacher provided an example to clarify the concept of gravity.
• Scenario (परिदृश्य): A description or representation of a particular situation or sequence of events.
• Example: The team discussed various scenarios for the upcoming project deadline.

The correct answer is: Give up.

Key Points

• The idiom "Throw in the towel" means to admit defeat or give up on a task, challenge, or goal. (हार मान लेना)
• Example: After struggling with the project for months, he finally decided to throw in the towel.
• "Give up" refers to stopping an effort, ceasing to try, or relinquishing a goal. (छोड़ देना)
• Example: Despite facing numerous challenges, she refused to give up on her dreams.
• Hence, the idiom "Throw in the towel" aligns perfectly with the meaning of "Give up."

Therefore, the correct answer is: Give up.

Additional Information

Here are the other options explained along with their Hindi meanings and example sentences:

• Boast (डींग मारना): To talk with pride about something you have achieved or possess.
• Example: He boasted about his success in the competition.
• Work harder (और अधिक मेहनत करना): To put in more effort or strive more diligently.
• Example: If you want to achieve your goals, you need to work harder.
• Start afresh (नई शुरुआत करना): To begin again from the beginning.
• Example: After the failure of his first business, he decided to start afresh.

The correct answer is Option 2.

Key Points

• The line "I wandered lonely as a cloud" is an example of a simile.
• A simile is a figure of speech that compares two different things using "like" or "as."
• In this case, the poet compares his wandering to a lonely cloud, emphasizing the sense of isolation and movement.
• This line is from William Wordsworth's poem "Daffodils," which explores themes of nature, beauty, and reflection.
• Wordsworth often used vivid imagery and figures of speech to evoke emotions and connect readers to the natural world.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 2.

Additional Information

• Hyperbole: An exaggerated statement or claim not meant to be taken literally.
• Metaphor: A figure of speech that directly compares two unlike things without using "like" or "as."
• Personification: Assigning human traits or qualities to non-human entities or objects.

The correct answer is: Option 2 i.e., "Act prematurely".

Key Points

• The idiom "Jump the gun" means to act or do something too soon, especially without thinking carefully about it. (जल्दबाजी में कार्य करना)
• Example: He jumped the gun by submitting his report before getting approval from his manager.
• "Act prematurely" refers to acting or deciding before the appropriate time or before all necessary factors have been considered. (समय से पहले कार्य करना)
• Example: Announcing the product launch before the preparation is complete would be acting prematurely.
• Hence, the idiom "Jump the gun" means "Act prematurely".

Therefore, the correct answer is: Option 2.

Additional Information

Here are the other options explained along with their Hindi meanings and example sentences:

• Option 1: Succeed quickly (जल्दी सफल होना): To achieve success in a short amount of time.
• Example: With her innovative idea, she managed to succeed quickly in her new business venture.
• Option 3: Wait patiently (धैर्यपूर्वक प्रतीक्षा करना): To remain calm and composed while waiting for something.
• Example: You need to wait patiently for your turn during the interview process.
• Option 4: Fire a gun (बंदूक चलाना): To discharge or shoot a firearm.
• Example: The soldier was instructed to fire a gun during the training session.

The correct answer is: Justify.

Key Points

• The word "Arraign" means to call or bring someone before a court to answer a criminal charge; it also refers to accusing someone formally of a crime. (आरोप लगाना, अभियोग लगाना)
• Example: The defendant was arraigned in court for theft.
• "Justify" means to prove or show something to be right, reasonable, or fair, often used to defend or support actions or decisions. (औचित्य साबित करना)
• Example: The manager justified the company's decision to cut costs during the financial crisis.
• Hence, we can infer that the opposite of 'arraign' is 'justify'.

Therefore, the correct answer is: Justify.

Additional Information

Here are the other options explained along with their Hindi meanings and example sentences:

• Gluttonous (पेटू, लालची): Excessively greedy, especially with food.
• Example: His gluttonous behavior at the buffet embarrassed his friends.
• Hungry (भूखा ): Feeling the need or desire for food.
• Example: The children were hungry after playing outside for hours.
• Selfish (स्वार्थी): Lacking consideration for others and being concerned only with oneself.
• Example: It was selfish of him to take all the credit for the group project.

The correct answer is: Option 4 i.e. 'Waste time on a hopeless issue'.

Key Points

• The idiom "To beat a dead horse" means to waste time or energy on a topic or issue that has already been resolved or is hopeless. (बेकार के मुद्दे पर समय बर्बाद करना)
• Example: Trying to convince him to change his mind about the decision is like beating a dead horse.
• It implies that further discussion or effort on the matter will yield no positive results and is therefore pointless. (यह बताता है कि आगे चर्चा या प्रयास का कोई परिणाम नहीं होगा और यह व्यर्थ है।)

Therefore, the correct answer is: Option 4.

Additional Information

Here are the other options explained along with their Hindi meanings and example sentences:

• Option 1: Be overconfident (अतिआत्मविश्वासी होना): Being excessively self-assured or arrogant about one's abilities.
• Example: His overconfidence in the competition led to his downfall.
• Option 2: Win a competition (प्रतियोगिता जीतना): To achieve victory in a contest or challenge.
• Example: She trained hard and managed to win the competition.
• Option 3: Encourage others (दूसरों को प्रोत्साहित करना): To motivate or inspire others to take action or feel confident.
• Example: The teacher encouraged the students to participate in the event.

The correct answer is: Captivity.

Key Points

• The word "Liberation" means the act of setting someone free from imprisonment, slavery, or oppression; or the state of being freed. (मुक्ति)
• Example: The liberation of the prisoners was celebrated as a historic moment.
• "Captivity" refers to the state of being imprisoned or confined, which is the opposite of liberation. (कैद)
• Example: The bird was held in captivity before it was released back into the wild.
• Hence, we can infer that the opposite of "liberation" is "captivity".

Therefore, the correct answer is: Captivity.

Additional Information

Here are the other options explained along with their Hindi meanings and example sentences:

• Independence (स्वतंत्रता): The state of being free from outside control or support.
• Example: India gained independence from British rule in 1947.
• Emancipation (मुक्ति ): The act of freeing someone from slavery or restrictions.
• Example: The Emancipation Proclamation was a significant step in ending slavery in America.
• Freedom (स्वतंत्रता): The state of being free to act, speak, or think as one wants.
• Example: Freedom of speech is a fundamental right in a democratic society.

The correct answer is 'with'.

 

Key Points

• The verb "dispensed" is generally followed by the preposition "with."
• The phrase "dispense with" means to get rid of or do without something.
• Options 1, 2, and 3 are grammatically incorrect in this context.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 4.

 

Complete Sentence: "The editor dispensed with unnecessary details."

 

Additional Information

• Option 1: "of" is incorrect because "dispensed of" is not a valid phrase in this context.
• Option 2: "by" is incorrect as it does not fit the intended meaning of the sentence.
• Option 3: "to" is incorrect because "dispensed to" changes the meaning entirely and does not align with the context.

The correct answer is Option 1.

 

Key Points

• Direct Speech: He said, "How beautiful the flower is looking, which is placed in the vase!"
• Key Conversions:
• Exclamatory sentences:
• Indirect speech "He exclaimed that the flower was looking very beautiful" is converted into direct speech with an exclamation.
• Phrase "How beautiful the flower is looking" is used to express admiration.
• Verb tense:
• Indirect "was looking" is converted to "is looking" to match present tense in direct speech.
• Reporting verb:
• Indirect: "He exclaimed"
• Converted to: "He said" while retaining the exclamatory tone.
• Punctuation and Format:
• Direct speech is enclosed in quotation marks.
• Starts with a capital letter "How" and ends with an exclamation mark "!".
• Reporting clause follows the quoted speech.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 1.

 

Correct Sentence: "How beautiful the flower is looking, which is placed in the vase!"

 

Additional Information

• Option 2: "What beautiful the flower is looking which was placed in the vase!"
• Incorrect word choice: "What beautiful" does not convey proper exclamation.
• Incorrect verb tense: "was placed" should match the context of "is looking".
• Option 3: "Which beautiful the flower was looking which is placed in the vase!"
• Incorrect phrase construction: "Which beautiful" is grammatically incorrect.
• Verb tense mismatch: "was looking" does not align with direct speech.
• Option 4: "The flower is looking very beautiful, which is placed in the vase!"
• Lacks the exclamatory tone expressed in "How beautiful".

The correct answer is option 1.

Key Points

The misspelled words are 'Apiery', 'Apairy', and 'Apeary'.

• The correct spelling is 'Apiary'.
• The word 'Apiary' refers to a place where beehives are kept, typically for honey production. (मधुमक्खी पालन स्थल)
• For Example -
• She visited an apiary to learn more about beekeeping.

Therefore, the correct answer would be 'Apiary'.

Additional Information

Let’s understand a few related terms -

• Beekeeping - the practice of maintaining bee colonies, typically in hives, for honey production or pollination services.
• Hive - a structure where bees live and work.
• Colony - a group of bees living together in a hive.

The correct answer is 'in'.

 

Key Points

• The preposition "in" is used when expressing interest or involvement in a particular subject or activity.
• In the given context, the sentence talks about not being interested in politics, making "in" the correct choice.
• Options 1, 2, and 4 are grammatically incorrect in this context.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 3.

 

Complete Sentence: "I am not interested in politics."

 

Additional Information

• Option 1: "on" is incorrect because "on" is typically used to indicate a surface or specific time, not interest in a topic.
• Option 2: "at" is incorrect because it is used to refer to specific locations or points in time, not interest.
• Option 4: "of" is incorrect because it does not fit the context of expressing interest in a subject.