English Comprehension PYQs

The correct answer is: Option 4 (Announce).

Key Points

• The word "Announce" means to make something known publicly or officially, often through a declaration. (घोषणा करना)
• Example: The principal will announce the results tomorrow during the assembly.
• In the context of the sentence, "The judge will pass the verdict," the correct synonym or homonym is "announce," as a judge declares or announces the final decision in a case. (घोषणा करना)
• Example: The judge will announce his decision after reviewing the evidence presented in court.

Therefore, the correct answer is: Option 4 (Announce).

Additional Information

Here are the other options explained along with their Hindi meanings and example sentences:

• Cross (क्रॉस): To move across or intersect something, or to oppose.
• Example: The players had to cross the river to reach the finish line.
• Fail (विफल): To be unsuccessful in achieving a goal or outcome.
• Example: If you don’t study, you might fail the exam.
• Shift (स्थानांतरित करना): To move or change position.
• Example: The workers will shift the boxes to the storage room.

The correct answer is: Deny.

Key Points

• The word "assert" means to state a fact or belief confidently and forcefully. (दृढ़तापूर्वक कहना)
• Example: She asserted her innocence during the investigation.
• "Deny" refers to the act of refusing to accept or admit something. It is the opposite of asserting. (अस्वीकार करना)
• Example: He denied stealing the money despite the evidence against him.
• Hence, we can infer that the antonym of 'assert' is 'deny'.

Therefore, the correct answer is: Deny.

Additional Information

Here are the other options explained along with their Hindi meanings and example sentences:

• Maintain (बनाए रखना): To keep something in its existing state or to continue to affirm something.
• Example: She maintained her claim despite the objections.
• Proclaim (घोषणा करना): To announce something publicly or officially.
• Example: The president proclaimed a new policy for economic growth.
• Declare (घोषित करना): To make something known formally or officially.
• Example: He declared his intention to run for office.

The correct answer is: Option 4 i.e. "Waste time on a lost cause".

Key Points

• The idiom "Flog a dead horse" means to waste effort on something that has no chance of success. (बेकार काम में समय बर्बाद करना)
• Example: Trying to convince him to change his decision is like flogging a dead horse.
• The correct meaning of the idiom is to persist with an action or argument that is no longer relevant or productive. (अप्रासंगिक या अनुपयोगी कार्य में लगे रहना)
• Example: Debating this topic again is pointless – we’re just flogging a dead horse.

Therefore, the correct answer is: Option 4.

Additional Information

Here are the other options explained along with their Hindi meanings and example sentences:

• Option 1: Beat an opponent unfairly (प्रतिद्वंद्वी को अनुचित तरीके से हराना): To use dishonest methods to win against someone.
• Example: He was accused of beating his opponent unfairly in the game.
• Option 2: Repeat a settled argument (एक सुलझी हुई बहस को दोहराना): To bring up a discussion that has already been resolved.
• Example: There’s no point in repeating this settled argument; it’s already been decided.
• Option 3: Chase an impossible goal (असंभव लक्ष्य का पीछा करना): To pursue something that is unrealistic or unattainable.
• Example: Trying to find a unicorn in the forest is chasing an impossible goal.

The correct answer is: Option 4 i.e. Earthly.

Key Points

• The word "Carnal" refers to something related to the physical body, particularly with reference to sensual or sexual appetites, or things that are worldly rather than spiritual. (शारीरिक / भौतिक)
• English Meaning: Pertaining to the body, especially its sexual or sensual needs and desires.
• Hindi Meaning: शारीरिक या इंद्रिय-संबंधी
• Example: His thoughts were more carnal than spiritual, focused on earthly pleasures rather than higher ideals.
• The correct word "Earthly" also refers to something related to the physical world or life on earth, often in contrast to spiritual or divine matters. (भौतिक)
• English Meaning: Relating to the physical world or human experiences.
• Hindi Meaning: सांसारिक / भौतिक
• Example: She was more concerned with earthly matters like money and possessions than with spiritual growth.
• Hence, "Earthly" is synonymous with "Carnal" as both words focus on physical or worldly concerns.

Therefore, the correct answer is: Option 4 i.e. Earthly.

Additional Information

Here are the other options explained along with their Hindi meanings and example sentences:

• Demand (मांग): A strong request or need for something.
• Example: The workers made a demand for higher wages during the negotiation.
• Greed (लालच): An intense and selfish desire for something, especially wealth or power.
• Example: His greed for money led him to take unethical decisions.
• Jealousy (ईर्ष्या): A feeling of envy or resentment toward someone because of their achievements or possessions.
• Example: Her jealousy of her friend’s success was evident in her behavior.

The correct answer is Option 3.

 

Key Points

• Passive voice structure: The object of the active voice sentence becomes the subject of the passive voice sentence.
• In the passive voice sentence: "Was your phone being charged by someone?"
• To convert to active voice: Identify the subject of the passive sentence ("someone"), and make it the subject of the active voice sentence.
• Change the passive verb form "was being charged" to "was charging" to reflect the active voice form.
• The object "your phone" remains the same in the sentence.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 3.

 

Correct Sentence: "Was someone charging your phone?"

 

Additional Information

• Option 1: "Has someone charged your phone?" – Incorrect tense (present perfect).
• Option 2: "Did someone charge your phone?" – Incorrect tense (past simple).
• Option 4: "Is someone charging your phone?" – Incorrect tense (present continuous).

The correct answer is Option (3) i.e. BACD

 

Key Points

• The sentence begins with the subject "India," which is correctly indicated by part (B).
• Following the subject, "has a long" (BA) continues the logical sequence, indicating India's possession of something.
• The next part, "and rich" (AC) adds more context to what India has, and it further qualifies the possession.
• Ending with "cultural history" (CD) completes the sentence by specifying what is being described.

Therefore, the correct answer is BACD.

 

Additional Information

• Option 1 (BDCA): This option places "cultural history" before "and rich," which disrupts the logical flow of the sentence.
• Option 2 (BCAD): This option places "and rich" after "cultural history," making the sentence grammatically incorrect.
• Option 4 (BADC): This option places "has a long" after "and rich," which makes the structure awkward and illogical.

The correct answer is: Regicide.

Key Points

• The word "Regicide" means the act of killing a king. (राजा की हत्या)
• Example: The notorious event of regicide during the French Revolution marked the execution of King Louis XVI.
• "Regicide" is derived from the Latin words "rex" (king) and "cidium" (killing), referring specifically to the killing of a monarch. (राजहत्या)
• Example: The conspirators plotted regicide to overthrow the tyrannical monarchy.
• Thus, the term 'Regicide' perfectly matches the description of "The murder of a king."

Therefore, the correct answer is: Regicide.

Additional Information

Here are the other options explained along with their Hindi meanings and example sentences:

• Patricide (पितृहत्य): The act of killing one's father.
• Example: In Greek mythology, Orestes committed patricide by killing his father, King Agamemnon.
• Fratricide (भ्रातृहत्या): The act of killing one's brother.
• Example: The epic of Mahabharata depicts instances of fratricide during the Kurukshetra war.
• Homicide (हत्या): The act of killing another person.
• Example: The detective investigated the homicide that occurred in the small town.

The correct answer is 'ending'.

 

Key Points

• The word "ending" is the correct noun form to describe the conclusion of a movie.
• The sentence refers to the finale of the movie, and "ending" is the most suitable term in this context.
• Options 1, 3, and 4 are grammatically incorrect or do not fit logically in this sentence.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 2.

 

Complete Sentence: "The ending of the movie was unexpected."

 

Additional Information

• Option 1: "ends" is incorrect because "ends" refers to multiple conclusions or the verb form, which does not fit here.
• Option 3: "ended" is incorrect because it is a past tense verb, not a noun.
• Option 4: "end" is incorrect because while "end" is a noun, "ending" is more appropriate for describing the conclusion of a story or movie.

The correct answer is Option 3.

 

Key Points

• Indirect Speech: She said that she had eaten breakfast.
• Key Conversions:
• "I had eaten breakfast" becomes "she had eaten breakfast"
• Pronoun "I" is changed to "she" to match the subject of the reporting verb.
• Past perfect tense "had eaten" remains unchanged in indirect speech.
• Reporting verb:
• Indirect: "She said" introduces the statement.
• No change is required for the reporting verb in this case.
• Punctuation and Format:
• Direct speech is converted to indirect speech by removing quotation marks.
• Conjunction "that" is used to connect the reporting verb and the reported speech.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 3.

 

Correct Sentence: "She said that she had eaten breakfast."

 

Additional Information

• Option 1: "She said that she ate breakfast."
• Incorrect tense: "ate" (simple past) changes the meaning of the original sentence, which is in past perfect tense.
• Option 2: "She said that she would have eaten breakfast."
• Incorrect modal verb: "would have" alters the original meaning, implying a conditional action.
• Option 4: "She said that she has eaten breakfast."
• Incorrect tense: "has eaten" (present perfect) does not match the past perfect tense in the original sentence.

The correct answer is Option 2.

 

Key Points

• Passive voice structure: The object of the active voice sentence becomes the subject of the passive voice sentence.
• In the given sentence, the passive voice is: "The dining hall was being thoroughly cleaned by the workers."
• To convert to active voice: Place the original subject "the workers" at the beginning.
• Change the verb form "was being thoroughly cleaned" to "were thoroughly cleaning" (past continuous active).
• Ensure the object "the dining hall" remains at the end of the sentence for clarity.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 2.

 

Correct Sentence: "The workers were thoroughly cleaning the dining hall."

 

Additional Information

• Option 1: "The workers were thoroughly cleaned the dining hall." – Incorrect verb form.
• Option 3: "The workers had thoroughly cleaning the dining hall." – Incorrect tense (past perfect).
• Option 4: "The workers was thoroughly cleaning the dining hall." – Incorrect subject-verb agreement.

The correct answer is Option 4.

 

Key Points

• Passive voice structure: The object of the active voice sentence becomes the subject of the passive voice sentence.
• In the active voice, the sentence is: "The judge is hearing the final arguments."
• To convert to passive voice: Place the object "the final arguments" at the beginning.
• Change the active verb form "is hearing" to "are being heard" (present continuous passive).
• Add the preposition "by" followed by the original subject "the judge."

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 4.

 

Correct Sentence: "The final arguments are being heard by the judge."

 

Additional Information

• Option 1: "The final arguments were heard." – Incorrect tense (past simple passive).
• Option 2: "The final arguments has heard." – Grammatically incorrect.
• Option 3: "The final arguments was being heard." – Incorrect tense (past continuous passive).

The correct answer is: Anarchy.

Key Points

• The word "Anarchy" refers to a state of political disorder, chaos, or absence of government and authority. (अराजकता)
• Example: After the collapse of the regime, the country descended into anarchy.
• "Political disorder" means a situation where there is a lack of governance, law, or order in a society. (राजनीतिक अव्यवस्था)
• Example: The prolonged political disorder led to widespread unrest and protests.
• Hence, the correct word for "A political disorder and absence of government" is Anarchy.

Therefore, the correct answer is: Anarchy.

Additional Information

Here are the other options explained along with their Hindi meanings and example sentences:

• Plutocracy (धनतंत्र): A government system where the wealthy hold power.
• Example: In a plutocracy, policies tend to favor the rich and powerful.
• Monarchy (राजतंत्र): A system of government ruled by a king or queen.
• Example: The United Kingdom is a constitutional monarchy with a parliamentary system.
• Oligarchy (अल्पतंत्र): A form of government where a small group of people hold power.
• Example: The country was ruled by an oligarchy of influential businessmen and politicians.

The correct answer is: Option 3 i.e. Accusing wrongly.

Key Points

• The idiom "Barking up the wrong tree" means to pursue a mistaken or misguided course of action, particularly in accusing someone or something wrongly. (गलत दिशा में प्रयास करना या गलत आरोप लगाना)
• Example: The detective was barking up the wrong tree by suspecting the wrong person in the case.
• "Accusing wrongly" refers to blaming someone for something they did not do or making a false accusation. (गलत तरीके से आरोप लगाना)
• Example: She accused him wrongly of stealing her phone, but later found it in her bag.
• Hence, the idiom "Barking up the wrong tree" means accusing wrongly, making option 3 the correct answer.

Therefore, the correct answer is: Option 3.

Additional Information

Here are the other options explained along with their Hindi meanings and example sentences:

• Apologizing (माफी मांगना): Expressing regret or saying sorry for wrongdoing.
• Example: He apologized for arriving late to the meeting.
• Praising someone (किसी की प्रशंसा करना): Expressing admiration or approval for someone’s qualities or actions.
• Example: The teacher praised the student for her excellent performance in class.
• Succeeding quickly (जल्दी सफलता प्राप्त करना): Achieving a goal or accomplishment in a short period of time.
• Example: He succeeded quickly in his new job due to his hard work and dedication.

The correct answer is 'at'.

 

Key Points

• The preposition "at" is used to indicate a specific point or location, such as "the airport."
• The sentence requires a preposition that fits the context of a specific location, making "at" the most appropriate choice.
• Options 1, 3, and 4 are not suitable as they do not correctly describe arriving at a specific location.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 2.

 

Complete Sentence: "They arrived at the airport on time."

 

Additional Information

• Option 1: "over" is incorrect because "over" indicates movement above something, not arrival at a specific location.
• Option 3: "in" is incorrect because "in" is used for being inside a place, not for arrival at a location.
• Option 4: "on" is incorrect because "on" typically refers to surfaces, not specific points of arrival.

The correct answer is Option 3.

 

Key Points

• The phrase "It is high time" is typically followed by the past tense to indicate urgency or necessity.
• Using the present tense "leave" is incorrect in this context.
• The correct verb form is "left" to align with the idiomatic usage of "It is high time."
• Thus, the bold part of the sentence should be replaced with left the room.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 3.

 

Correct Sentence: "It is high time you left the room."

 

Additional Information

• Option 1: "have left the room" – This is incorrect because the present perfect tense does not fit the idiomatic expression "It is high time."
• Option 2: "had left the room" – This is incorrect because the past perfect tense implies a completed action, which does not match the intended meaning of urgency.
• Option 4: "leaves the room" – This is incorrect because the present tense does not fit the idiomatic expression "It is high time."

The correct answer is: Obscure.

Key Points

• The word "eminent" means someone or something that is famous, respected, or outstanding in a particular field. (प्रतिष्ठित, प्रसिद्ध)
• Example: The eminent scientist received a prestigious award for her groundbreaking research.
• "Obscure" refers to something that is not well-known, unclear, or difficult to understand. It is the opposite of eminent. (अस्पष्ट, अज्ञात)
• Example: The poet remained obscure during his lifetime but gained recognition after his death.
• Hence, the antonym of "eminent" is "obscure".

Therefore, the correct answer is: Obscure.

Additional Information

Here are the other options explained along with their Hindi meanings and example sentences:

• Prominent (प्रसिद्ध, प्रमुख): Something or someone that is important or easily noticeable.
• Example: He is a prominent figure in the world of politics.
• Celebrated (प्रसिद्ध, सम्मानित): Widely admired and praised.
• Example: The celebrated author was invited to speak at the literary festival.
• Distinguished (विशिष्ट, प्रतिष्ठित): Marked by excellence, known for achievements.
• Example: The distinguished professor has published numerous research papers.

The correct answer is: Option 2.

Key Points

• The word "throne" refers to a special chair used by a king, queen, or ruler, symbolizing their authority and power. (सिंहासन)
• Example: The king ascended the throne after his father's abdication.
• The word "chair" refers to a piece of furniture for sitting, typically having four legs and a backrest, and is often used for regular seating. (कुर्सी)
• Example: He pulled out a chair and sat down to enjoy his meal.
• Hence, the word "chair" is the most appropriate homonym for "throne" in this context, as both are forms of seating.

Therefore, the correct answer is: Option 2.

Additional Information

Here are the other options explained along with their Hindi meanings and example sentences:

• Crown (ताज): A decorative headpiece worn by royalty as a symbol of authority.
• Example: The queen's crown was encrusted with precious jewels.
• Rule (शासन): The act of governing or controlling a country or group of people.
• Example: The king's rule brought peace and prosperity to the kingdom.
• Sword (तलवार): A weapon with a long, sharp blade used in combat.
• Example: The knight unsheathed his sword and prepared for battle.

The correct answer is Option 4.

 

Key Points

• The sentence compares two sessions and implies that the current session is better than the previous one.
• The word "rather" is incorrect and lacks grammatical clarity.
• Using "over" appropriately indicates a comparison, making the sentence grammatically correct and concise.
• Thus, "over" is the most appropriate replacement for the bold part of the sentence.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 4.

 

Correct Sentence: "This session is an improvement over the previous one."

 

Additional Information

• Option 1: "best" – This does not fit the context as the sentence is comparing two sessions, not describing the best quality.
• Option 2: "more good" – This phrase is grammatically incorrect. "Better" should be used instead of "more good" for comparison.
• Option 3: "very better" – This phrase is redundant and grammatically incorrect, as "better" already implies improvement.

The correct answer is Option 4.

 

Key Points

• The main issue in the sentence lies in the subject-verb agreement.
• The subject is "The father," which is singular, but it is incorrectly followed by the plural verb "are."
• The correct verb should be "is" to match the singular subject.
• The phrase "with his sons" is a prepositional phrase and does not affect the number of the subject.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 4.

 

Correct Sentence: "The father with his sons is arriving soon."

The correct answer is: Option 3 (Elegy).

Key Points

• An Elegy is a poem written to express sorrow or lamentation, especially for someone who has died. (विलाप कविता)
• Example: The poet wrote a moving elegy in memory of his close friend who passed away.
• The word “Elegy” is associated with themes of mourning, loss, and reflection. It often reflects on the impermanence of life. (विलाप / शोक कविता)
• Example: Thomas Gray’s “Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard” is one of the most famous elegies in English literature.

Therefore, the correct answer is: Option 3 (Elegy).

Additional Information

Here are the other options explained along with their Hindi meanings and example sentences:

• Ballad (गाथा): A narrative poem or song that tells a story, often set to music and passed down orally.
• Example: The old sailor sang a ballad about his adventures at sea.
• Ode (गान): A type of lyrical poem that expresses praise or admiration for a person, thing, or event.
• Example: John Keats’ “Ode to a Nightingale” is a classic example of an ode.
• Sonnet (सॉनेट): A 14-line poem with a specific rhyme scheme, often expressing love or personal emotions.
• Example: Shakespeare’s Sonnet 18 begins with the famous line, “Shall I compare thee to a summer’s day?”