General Awareness PYQs

The correct answer is Battle of Chandawar.

Key Points

• The Battle of Chandawar took place in 1194 AD between Muhammad of Ghor and Jayachandra of the Gahadavala dynasty.
• This battle marked the defeat of Jayachandra, leading to the expansion of Muhammad of Ghor’s empire in Northern India.
• Jayachandra was a prominent ruler of the Gahadavala dynasty, which ruled parts of present-day Uttar Pradesh and Bihar.
• The defeat of Jayachandra significantly weakened the Gahadavala dynasty and paved the way for further Muslim conquests in India.

Additional Information

• First Battle of Tarain (1191)
• The First Battle of Tarain was fought in 1191 between Prithviraj Chauhan and Muhammad of Ghor.
• Prithviraj Chauhan defeated Muhammad of Ghor in this battle.
• This battle took place near the town of Tarain (modern Taraori) in Haryana, India.
• Battle of Anhilwara (1178)
• The Battle of Anhilwara was fought in 1178 between the Solanki king Mularaja II and Muhammad of Ghor.
• Mularaja II defeated Muhammad of Ghor in this battle.
• This battle took place at Anhilwara (modern Patan) in Gujarat, India.
• Second Battle of Tarain (1192)
• The Second Battle of Tarain was fought in 1192 between Prithviraj Chauhan and Muhammad of Ghor.
• Muhammad of Ghor defeated Prithviraj Chauhan in this decisive battle.
• This victory paved the way for the establishment of Muslim rule in Northern India.
• Gahadavala Dynasty
• The Gahadavala dynasty ruled parts of North India, primarily in the regions of present-day Uttar Pradesh and Bihar.
• They are known for their resistance against the Muslim invasions during the 12^th century.
• Jayachandra, also known as Jaichand, was one of the most famous rulers of this dynasty.

The correct answer is habit.

Key Points

• The term "habit" in botany refers to the general growth form of a plant, including its size, shape, and orientation.
• It describes whether the plant is a tree, shrub, herb, or vine.
• Habit is an important characteristic used to identify and classify plants.
• Understanding the habit of a plant helps in determining its ecological role and adaptability to specific environments.

Additional Information

• Environment:
• The environment is the surrounding conditions in which an organism lives, including air, water, land, and other living beings.
• It influences the growth, development, and survival of organisms but is not specific to the growth form of a plant.
• Habitat:
• The habitat is the natural environment in which a particular species lives.
• It includes all the living and non-living factors that affect the species.
• It is more about the location and environment where a species is found rather than its growth form.
• Growth Pattern:
• Growth pattern refers to the developmental process of an organism, including stages of growth and changes in form over time.
• It is a broader term that can include habit but also encompasses other aspects of growth dynamics.

The correct answer is 2003, France.

Key Points

• India won its first World Championships medal in Athletics in 2003.
• The event was held in Paris, France.
• Anju Bobby George secured the historic medal for India.
• She won the bronze medal in the women's long jump event.

Additional Information

• World Championships in Athletics
• The World Championships in Athletics is organized by the International Association of Athletics Federations (IAAF).
• It is one of the most prestigious events in the sport of athletics.
• The competition is held biennially, bringing together top athletes from all over the world to compete in various track and field events.
• Medals are awarded in multiple categories, including sprints, middle and long-distance running, hurdles, relays, jumping, and throwing events.
• Anju Bobby George
• Anju Bobby George is an Indian athlete who specializes in the long jump.
• She made history by becoming the first Indian athlete to win a medal at the World Championships in Athletics.
• Her bronze medal win in 2003 brought significant recognition to Indian athletics on the global stage.
• She has been a prominent figure in Indian sports and has received several accolades for her contributions.

The correct answer is Sangeet Natak Akademi.

Key Points

• The Sangeet Natak Akademi Award is the highest Indian recognition given to practicing artists.
• It is awarded by the Sangeet Natak Akademi, India's National Academy for Music, Dance, and Drama.
• The award was established in 1952 and is given annually.
• Bickram Ghosh, a renowned tabla maestro, received this prestigious award in the Contemporary Category in 2021.

Additional Information

• Padma Shri
• Padma Shri is India's fourth-highest civilian award, established in 1954.
• It is awarded to citizens of India in recognition of their distinguished contribution in various spheres of activity including the arts, education, industry, literature, science, sports, medicine, social service, and public affairs.
• Padma Bhushan
• Padma Bhushan is the third-highest civilian award in India, established in 1954.
• It is awarded to recognize distinguished service of a high order to the nation, in any field.
• Sangeet Natak Akademi
• Sangeet Natak Akademi is India's national academy for music, dance, and drama.
• It was established by the Indian Education Ministry in 1952 and became functional the same year.
• The Akademi has been conferring awards to artists since 1952 to honor their contributions to these fields.
• Sangeet Kalanidhi
• Sangeet Kalanidhi is an award for Carnatic musicians, awarded by the Madras Music Academy.
• It was first awarded in 1942 and is one of the most prestigious awards in the field of Carnatic music.

The correct answer is 20.9%

Key Points

• According to the Census of India 2011, the percentage of the adolescent population (10-19 years) from the total population is 20.9%.
• The total population of India as per the Census 2011 is approximately 1.21 billion.
• The adolescent population plays a significant role in the demographic dividend of the country.
• Planning and policy-making for health, education, and employment are often based on this demographic data.

Additional Information

• Census of India:
• The Census of India is a decennial exercise conducted by the Office of the Registrar General and Census Commissioner, India under the Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India.
• The census aims to collect comprehensive data about the population, including demographic, social, and economic information.
• The first census in India was conducted in 1872, and since 1881, it has been conducted every 10 years without a break.
• The data collected during the census is crucial for policymaking, planning, and administration at various levels of government.
• Adolescent Population:
• Adolescence is the transitional phase of growth and development between childhood and adulthood.
• The age range for adolescents is generally considered to be from 10 to 19 years.
• Adolescence is characterized by significant physical, emotional, and psychological changes.
• Understanding the adolescent population is important for addressing issues related to health, education, and social development.
• Demographic Dividend:
• The demographic dividend refers to the economic growth potential that can result from shifts in a population’s age structure, mainly when the working-age population is larger than the non-working-age population.
• Countries with a higher proportion of working-age individuals are believed to have a potential advantage for economic growth.
• Effective policies in health, education, and employment are essential to harness the benefits of the demographic dividend.

The correct answer is Ramapala.

Key Points

• Ramapala was the ruler of the Pala dynasty in Bengal.
• The 'Ramacharita' is a historical poem written by Sandhyakar Nandi, which praises the deeds of Ramapala.
• The poem highlights the achievements and valor of Ramapala, portraying him as a heroic figure.
• Ramapala's reign marked a significant period in the history of the Pala dynasty, often considered its last great ruler.

Additional Information

• Pala Dynasty
• The Pala dynasty was an Indian imperial power during the Late Classical period, primarily ruling over the Bengal and Bihar regions.
• Founded by Gopala in the 8^th century, the dynasty is known for its contributions to Buddhism and the establishment of numerous monasteries.
• Notable rulers include Gopala, Dharmapala, Devapala, and Ramapala, who expanded the kingdom and promoted art, culture, and learning.
• The Pala rulers were patrons of the famous universities of Nalanda and Vikramashila, which became renowned centers of Buddhist learning.
• Sandhyakar Nandi
• Sandhyakar Nandi was a renowned poet and scholar of the Pala court.
• He authored the 'Ramacharita', a historical poem that serves as a significant literary work, providing insights into the history and culture of the Pala period.
• The 'Ramacharita' is written in Sanskrit and is considered an important source for understanding the political and social conditions of the time.
• Sandhyakar Nandi's work is appreciated for its literary merit and historical value, offering a detailed account of Ramapala's reign and achievements.

The correct answer is Puducherry, Lakshadweep, Andaman and Nicobar Islands.

Key Points

• Puducherry recorded the highest sex ratio among Union Territories in the Census of India 2011.
• The sex ratio in Puducherry was 1037 females per 1000 males.
• Lakshadweep and Andaman and Nicobar Islands also had relatively high sex ratios.
• The sex ratio is an important indicator of gender balance in a region, reflecting the number of females per 1000 males.

Additional Information

• Sex Ratio
• The sex ratio is defined as the number of females per 1000 males in a given population.
• It is an important demographic indicator that helps understand the gender composition of a population.
• A balanced sex ratio is crucial for the overall socio-economic development of a region.
• Factors such as sex-selective abortions, female infanticide, and differential mortality rates between genders can influence the sex ratio.
• Census of India
• The Census of India is a decennial (every ten years) exercise conducted by the Office of the Registrar General and Census Commissioner, India.
• The census provides comprehensive data on the population, including age, sex, literacy, religion, and other demographic parameters.
• The Census 2011 was the 15^th National Census of India since 1871.
• Accurate census data is vital for planning and implementing various government policies and programs.
• Union Territories
• Union Territories (UTs) are regions in India that are governed directly by the Central Government.
• Unlike states, UTs do not have their own governments and legislatures.
• Examples of Union Territories include Puducherry, Lakshadweep, Andaman and Nicobar Islands, among others.
• The governance and administrative mechanisms in UTs are overseen by the President of India through an appointed administrator.

The correct answer is Work and torque.

Key Points

• Work and torque have the same dimensions, which is energy or force times distance.
• The dimension of work is given by M¹L²T^-2.
• The dimension of torque is also M¹L²T^-2.
• Both quantities are measured in Joules (in SI units) or Newton-meters.

Additional Information

• Work:
• Work is defined as the transfer of energy that occurs when a force is applied over a distance.
• In the SI system, work is measured in Joules (J), where 1 Joule is equal to 1 Newton-meter.
• Work can be calculated using the formula: Work = Force × Distance × cos(θ), where θ is the angle between the force and the direction of displacement.
• Torque:
• Torque is a measure of the rotational force applied to an object.
• It is also known as the moment of force.
• The formula for torque is: Torque = Force × Distance, where distance is the perpendicular distance from the axis of rotation to the line of action of the force.
• In the SI system, torque is measured in Newton-meters (Nm).
• Power:
• Power is the rate at which work is done or energy is transferred.
• The SI unit of power is the Watt (W), where 1 Watt is equal to 1 Joule per second.
• Power can be calculated using the formula: Power = Work / Time.
• Moment of Inertia:
• Moment of inertia is a measure of an object's resistance to changes in its rotation.
• It depends on the mass distribution of the object relative to the axis of rotation.
• The SI unit for moment of inertia is kg·m².
• Angular Displacement:
• Angular displacement is the angle through which an object moves on a circular path.
• It is measured in radians (rad).
• Angular displacement can be calculated using the formula: θ = s/r, where s is the arc length and r is the radius of the circular path.
• Radius of Circular Motion:
• The radius of circular motion is the distance from the center of the circle to any point on the circumference.
• It is a constant for a given circular path.
• The SI unit of radius is meters (m).

The correct answer is Lord Dalhousie.

Key Points

• Lord Dalhousie served as the Governor-General of India from 1848 to 1856.
• He is known for his aggressive expansionist policies, including the Doctrine of Lapse.
• The Doctrine of Lapse was used to annex several Indian states into British India if the ruler died without a direct heir.
• Key states annexed under this policy include Satara, Jhansi, and Nagpur.

Additional Information

• Doctrine of Lapse:
• It was an annexation policy applied by Lord Dalhousie when an Indian ruler died without a male heir.
• According to this doctrine, the princely state would be annexed into British India if there was no legitimate male heir.
• This policy led to the annexation of several states such as Satara (1848), Sambalpur (1850), Jhansi (1854), and Nagpur (1854).
• This policy was one of the factors leading to the Indian Rebellion of 1857 as it caused widespread resentment among Indian rulers and their subjects.
• Lord Wellesley:
• Lord Wellesley was the Governor-General of India from 1798 to 1805.
• He is known for the Subsidiary Alliance system, which was a treaty between the British East India Company and Indian princely states.
• Under this system, Indian rulers were not allowed to have their own armed forces and were protected by the Company in return for a subsidy.
• Lord Mayo:
• Lord Mayo served as the Viceroy of India from 1869 to 1872.
• He is known for his efforts in financial and administrative reforms.
• He was assassinated in 1872 by a convict in the Andaman Islands.
• Lord Canning:
• Lord Canning was the Governor-General of India during the Indian Rebellion of 1857.
• He became the first Viceroy of India after the British Crown took over the administration from the East India Company in 1858.
• He is known for his efforts to calm the situation post-rebellion and implementing the Queen's Proclamation of 1858, which promised to respect the rights and dignity of Indian princes.

The correct answer is Aquarium.

Key Points

• An aquarium is a human-made environment designed to house water-dwelling organisms such as fish, plants, and other aquatic animals.
• It is a controlled environment where the conditions such as temperature, light, and food supply are regulated by humans.
• Aquariums can vary in size from small glass bowls to large public aquariums that house thousands of marine species.
• Aquariums serve various purposes including entertainment, education, research, and conservation.

Additional Information

• Natural Ecosystem
• A natural ecosystem is an environment that occurs naturally without human intervention.
• Examples of natural ecosystems include forests, deserts, grasslands, rivers, and oceans.
• In natural ecosystems, the interaction between living organisms (plants, animals, and microorganisms) and non-living components (soil, water, air) occurs naturally.
• Natural ecosystems are self-sustaining and maintain a balance of energy and nutrient cycles.
• Man-made Ecosystem
• A man-made or artificial ecosystem is created and maintained by humans.
• Examples include aquariums, gardens, farms, urban parks, and reservoirs.
• In these ecosystems, humans control various factors such as the species present, their population, and the physical conditions.
• Man-made ecosystems are important for research, recreation, food production, and conservation efforts.
• Differences between Natural and Man-made Ecosystems
• Natural ecosystems develop through natural processes without human intervention, while man-made ecosystems are created and maintained by humans.
• Natural ecosystems are typically more complex and diverse compared to man-made ecosystems.
• Man-made ecosystems often require continuous human management and input to sustain them.
• Both types of ecosystems play crucial roles in supporting life and maintaining ecological balance.

The correct answer is Mithali Raj.

Key Points

• Mithali Raj is an Indian cricketer and a former captain of the Indian women's national cricket team.
• She is considered one of the greatest female cricketers of all time and has numerous records to her name.
• Mithali Raj announced her retirement from all forms of international cricket in June 2022.
• During her career, she scored the most runs in Women's One Day International (ODI) cricket and is the only female cricketer to surpass the 7,000 run mark in Women's ODIs.

Additional Information

• Smriti Mandhana
• Smriti Mandhana is an Indian cricketer and currently one of the leading players in the Indian women's cricket team.
• She is known for her aggressive batting style and has been a key player in many of India's victories.
• She has won several awards, including the ICC Women's Cricketer of the Year.
• As of June 2022, she has not announced her retirement.
• Jhulan Goswami
• Jhulan Goswami is an Indian cricketer and former captain of the Indian women's national cricket team.
• She is one of the fastest bowlers in women's cricket and holds the record for the most wickets taken in Women's One Day International cricket.
• She has been a crucial part of the Indian bowling attack for many years.
• As of June 2022, she has not announced her retirement.
• Anjum Chopra
• Anjum Chopra is a former Indian cricketer and captain of the Indian women's national cricket team.
• She has been a significant contributor to women's cricket in India both as a player and as a commentator.
• She retired from international cricket in 2012.
• Post-retirement, she has been actively involved in cricket commentary and analysis.

The correct answer is Tamil Nadu.

Key Points

• The Tamil Nadu government honored Vani Jairam with the MS Subbulakshmi Award in 2019.
• Vani Jairam is a renowned playback singer in India, celebrated for her work in multiple Indian languages.
• The MS Subbulakshmi Award is named after the legendary Carnatic vocalist MS Subbulakshmi.
• This award recognizes contributions to the field of music, celebrating the legacy and promoting the values upheld by MS Subbulakshmi.

Additional Information

• Vani Jairam
• Vani Jairam is a celebrated Indian playback singer known for her work in various Indian languages including Tamil, Telugu, Hindi, Malayalam, and Kannada.
• She has received several awards and accolades for her contributions to Indian music, including the National Film Award for Best Female Playback Singer.
• Her versatile singing style and ability to adapt to various genres have made her a prominent figure in Indian music.
• MS Subbulakshmi
• Madurai Shanmukhavadivu Subbulakshmi, popularly known as MS Subbulakshmi, was an Indian Carnatic singer from Tamil Nadu.
• She was the first musician to be awarded the Bharat Ratna, India's highest civilian honor.
• MS Subbulakshmi was known for her divine voice and her deep dedication to Carnatic music.
• Her performances have left a lasting legacy in the world of Indian classical music.
• MS Subbulakshmi Award
• The MS Subbulakshmi Award is a prestigious recognition given to musicians who have made significant contributions to the field of music.
• This award honors the legacy of MS Subbulakshmi and aims to promote the values of excellence and dedication in music.
• Recipients of this award are chosen based on their contributions to preserving and promoting Indian classical music.

The correct answer is Eastern coastal region.

Key Points

• The Eastern coastal region of India, particularly the Tamil Nadu coast, receives substantial rainfall during the winter months.
• This rainfall is primarily due to the retreating North-Easterly monsoon winds, which pick up moisture from the Bay of Bengal and bring it to the eastern coast.
• Unlike the summer monsoon, which affects the western coastal region more, the retreating monsoon impacts the eastern coast significantly.
• This pattern results in a unique climatic condition where the Eastern coastal region experiences less rainfall during the summer but heavy rainfall during the winter.

Additional Information

• Monsoon Winds
• Monsoon winds are seasonal winds that bring significant rainfall to parts of the world, including India.
• They are characterized by a reversal in wind direction and are typically divided into two main phases: the South-West Monsoon and the North-East Monsoon.
• The South-West Monsoon occurs from June to September and brings heavy rainfall to most parts of India.
• The North-East Monsoon, also known as the retreating monsoon, occurs from October to December and brings rainfall to the eastern coast of India.
• Retreating Monsoon
• The retreating monsoon refers to the period when the South-West monsoon winds start withdrawing from the Indian subcontinent.
• During this period, the North-East Monsoon winds take over, bringing rainfall to the eastern coast of India.
• This period is crucial for regions like Tamil Nadu, which receive the bulk of their annual rainfall during this time.
• Bay of Bengal
• The Bay of Bengal is the northeastern part of the Indian Ocean, bounded by India, Bangladesh, and Myanmar.
• It plays a crucial role in the monsoon system, particularly for the North-East Monsoon.
• The retreating monsoon winds pick up moisture from the Bay of Bengal, leading to significant rainfall along the eastern coast of India.

The correct answer is Option 4.

Key Points

• Lakshya Sen is a prominent Indian badminton player who gained significant attention in 2022 for his performances in international badminton tournaments.
• Rameshbabu Pragnanandhaa is a young Indian chess prodigy who made headlines in 2022 by defeating world champion Magnus Carlsen in an online chess tournament.
• Nikhat Zareen is an Indian boxer who achieved a major milestone in 2022 by winning a gold medal at the Women's World Boxing Championships.
• Rudrankksh Patil is an Indian shooter who gained recognition in 2022 for his achievements in shooting sports, particularly in events like the ISSF Junior World Cup.

Additional Information

• Badminton
• Badminton is a racquet sport played using racquets to hit a shuttlecock across a net.
• It may be played with larger teams, the most common forms of the game are "singles" (with one player per side) and "doubles" (with two players per side).
• Since 1992, it has been a Summer Olympic sport with five events: men's singles, women's singles, men's doubles, women's doubles, and mixed doubles.
• Chess
• Chess is a two-player strategy board game played on a chessboard, a checkered gameboard with 64 squares arranged in an 8×8 grid.
• Chess is believed to have originated in India and spread to Persia and then to the Islamic world, Europe, and the rest of the world.
• Chess is one of the world's most popular games, played by millions of people worldwide.
• Boxing
• Boxing is a combat sport in which two people, usually wearing protective gloves, throw punches at each other for a predetermined amount of time in a boxing ring.
• Amateur boxing is both an Olympic and Commonwealth Games sport and is a common fixture in most international games.
• Boxing is overseen by a referee over a series of one- to three-minute intervals called rounds.
• Shooting
• Shooting is the act or process of discharging firearms or other projectile weapons such as bows or crossbows.
• It is a competitive sport involving tests of accuracy and speed using various types of guns such as firearms and airguns.
• The shooting sports are categorized by the type of firearm, targets, and distances at which the targets are shot.

The correct answer is Terrestrial and Aquatic.

Key Points

• Terrestrial ecosystems are based on land and include forests, grasslands, deserts, and tundra.
• Aquatic ecosystems are water-based and are categorized into freshwater ecosystems (like rivers, lakes, and ponds) and marine ecosystems (like oceans, coral reefs, and estuaries).
• Both terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems have distinct flora and fauna adapted to their specific environments.
• These ecosystems play crucial roles in maintaining the balance of the Earth's environment through processes like the water cycle, nutrient cycling, and providing habitats for various species.

Additional Information

• Terrestrial Ecosystems
• These ecosystems are found on land and encompass a variety of biomes including forests, grasslands, deserts, and tundra.
• Each biome within the terrestrial ecosystem has distinct climate conditions, soil types, and plant and animal life.
• Forests, for instance, are dominated by trees and support a wide range of biodiversity, while deserts are characterized by low rainfall and specialized plants and animals adapted to arid conditions.
• Grasslands have vast open spaces dominated by grasses and are often used for agriculture and livestock grazing.
• Aquatic Ecosystems
• These ecosystems are located in bodies of water and are classified into freshwater and marine ecosystems.
• Freshwater ecosystems include rivers, lakes, ponds, and streams. They are home to a variety of fish, amphibians, plants, and microorganisms.
• Marine ecosystems include oceans, coral reefs, and estuaries and are the largest of Earth's aquatic ecosystems, covering over 70% of the Earth's surface.
• Marine ecosystems are incredibly diverse and are vital for global processes like carbon cycling and climate regulation.

The correct answer is Uttar Pradesh.

Key Points

• The Constitution (Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes) Orders (Second Amendment) Bill, 2022 was introduced specifically for the state of Uttar Pradesh.
• This bill aims at including or excluding certain communities from the list of Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes in the state.
• The amendment is part of the government's ongoing effort to ensure that the benefits of reservation and other affirmative action policies reach the intended communities.
• Such amendments are periodically made based on recommendations from the state governments and after thorough evaluation.

Additional Information

• Scheduled Castes (SCs)
• Scheduled Castes are those communities that are specified in the Constitution of India under Article 341.
• They are often marginalized communities that have historically faced social and economic disadvantages.
• The constitution provides for affirmative action in the form of reservations in education, employment, and politics to uplift these communities.
• Scheduled Tribes (STs)
• Scheduled Tribes are specified under Article 342 of the Constitution of India.
• These communities are often indigenous people who have historically been isolated from mainstream society.
• Affirmative action policies also apply to these communities, including reservations in various sectors.
• Reservation Policies in India
• Reservation policies are designed to improve the socio-economic status of marginalized communities by ensuring their representation in education, employment, and politics.
• These policies are based on the principles of social justice and affirmative action as enshrined in the Indian Constitution.
• Periodic revisions and amendments are made to the lists of SCs and STs to ensure that the benefits reach the deserving communities.
• Legislative Process for Amendments
• Amendments to the lists of Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes are made through legislation passed by Parliament.
• State governments often recommend changes based on socio-economic studies and consultations with community leaders.
• Once a bill is introduced, it is discussed and passed by both houses of Parliament and then receives the President's assent to become law.

The correct answer is Directive Principles of State Policy.

Key Points

• The Directive Principles of State Policy (DPSP) are guidelines for the framing of laws by the government.
• These principles are considered fundamental in the governance of the country, aiming to create social and economic conditions under which the citizens can lead a good life.
• DPSPs are non-justiciable, meaning they are not enforceable by any court but the principles laid down therein are considered fundamental in the governance of the country.
• The concept of DPSP was borrowed from the Irish Constitution, which in turn had taken the idea from the Spanish Constitution.

Additional Information

• Concurrent List
• The Concurrent List or List-III is a list of 52 items given in the Seventh Schedule to the Constitution of India.
• This list includes subjects of common interest to both the Union and the State Governments, such as education, forest, trade unions, marriage, adoption, and succession.
• Both the Parliament and State Legislatures can make laws on the subjects mentioned in the Concurrent List.
• Fundamental Rights
• Fundamental Rights are the basic human rights enshrined in the Constitution of India which are guaranteed to all citizens.
• These rights are essential for the all-around development of individuals and to maintain human dignity.
• They are enforceable by the courts, subject to specific restrictions.
• Rule of Law
• The concept of Rule of Law is a fundamental principle that underpins the functioning of any democratic society.
• It means that every citizen is subject to the law, including lawmakers themselves.
• It ensures that laws are applied equally and fairly, and protects individuals from arbitrary governance.

The correct answer is 33.

Key Points

• The Supreme Court of India consists of the Chief Justice of India and not more than 33 other Judges.
• These Judges are appointed by the President of India.
• The maximum number of Judges in the Supreme Court is defined under Article 124 of the Indian Constitution.
• This number can be increased by Parliament through legislation.

Additional Information

• Chief Justice of India (CJI)
• The Chief Justice of India is the head of the judiciary system in India.
• The CJI is appointed by the President of India based on seniority and other considerations.
• The CJI plays a crucial role in the administration of justice and is responsible for the allocation of cases and appointment of constitutional benches.
• Appointment of Judges
• Judges of the Supreme Court are appointed by the President of India under Article 124(2) of the Constitution of India.
• The appointment process involves consultation with the Chief Justice of India and other senior judges.
• Once appointed, judges can serve until the age of 65.
• Article 124 of the Indian Constitution
• Article 124 of the Indian Constitution deals with the establishment and constitution of the Supreme Court.
• It outlines the appointment, tenure, and removal of Supreme Court judges.
• It also provides for the Parliament's power to increase the number of judges through legislation.
• Parliament's Power
• The Parliament of India has the authority to change the number of judges in the Supreme Court through legislation.
• This ensures that the judiciary can be expanded to meet the needs of a growing nation.
• The number of judges has been increased several times since the establishment of the Supreme Court to handle the increasing workload.

The correct answer is Odissi.

Key Points

• Ranjana Gauhar is an acclaimed Indian classical dancer, renowned for her expertise in the Odissi dance form.
• She was awarded the Padma Shri Award in 2003 for her significant contribution to Indian classical dance.
• Odissi is one of the oldest classical dance forms of India, originating from the state of Odisha.
• It is known for its intricate movements, graceful gestures, and expressive emotions, making it a distinguished art form in Indian culture.

Additional Information

• Odissi Dance
• Odissi is a classical dance form that originated in the temples of Odisha in eastern India.
• It is characterized by its fluid movements, elaborate costumes, and expressive gestures.
• Odissi performances often depict stories from Hindu mythology, particularly the tales of Lord Krishna.
• The dance form emphasizes the concept of Tribhangi, the independent movement of head, chest, and pelvis.
• Kuchipudi
• Kuchipudi is a classical Indian dance form from the state of Andhra Pradesh.
• It combines fast rhythms with fluid movements and is known for its dramatic characterization.
• Kuchipudi dancers are known for their dynamic footwork and impressive stage presence.
• Sattriya
• Sattriya is a classical dance form from Assam, introduced by the Vaishnavite saint Srimanta Sankardev in the 15^th century.
• It is traditionally performed in monasteries and is known for its devotional themes.
• Sattriya dance is rich in mythological content and is performed with intricate hand gestures and expressions.
• Manipuri
• Manipuri is a classical dance form from the northeastern state of Manipur.
• It is characterized by its graceful, gentle, and flowing movements.
• The dance often portrays themes related to the life of Lord Krishna and Radha.
• Manipuri dance is known for its unique style, costumes, and serene expressions.

The correct answer is Harvinder Singh.

Key Points

• Harvinder Singh is the first Indian archer to win a medal at the Paralympics.
• He won the bronze medal in the men's individual recurve event at the Tokyo 2020 Paralympics.
• Harvinder Singh defeated Kim Min Su of South Korea in a thrilling shoot-off to secure the bronze medal.
• His victory marked a significant achievement for India in the field of para-archery.

Additional Information

• Paralympics
• The Paralympics are a major international multi-sport event involving athletes with a range of disabilities, including impaired muscle power, impaired passive range of movement, limb deficiency, and visual impairment.
• The Paralympic Games are held immediately after the Olympic Games in the same host city.
• They are organized by the International Paralympic Committee (IPC).
• The Paralympics aim to highlight the achievements of athletes with disabilities and promote the values of courage, determination, inspiration, and equality.
• Tokyo 2020 Paralympics
• The Tokyo 2020 Paralympic Games were held from August 24 to September 5, 2021, after being postponed for a year due to the COVID-19 pandemic.
• The Games featured 539 events across 22 sports, including athletics, swimming, wheelchair basketball, and para-archery.
• It was the second time Japan hosted the Paralympics, with the first being in 1964.
• The motto of the Tokyo 2020 Paralympics was "United by Emotion."
• Para-Archery
• Para-archery is an adaptation of archery for athletes with a range of disabilities.
• It has been part of the Paralympic program since the first Paralympic Games in Rome in 1960.
• Competitors shoot arrows at a target from a set distance, and the aim is to score as many points as possible.
• Para-archery events are divided into different categories based on the type and level of disability.