SSC CGL 2023 Tier-I Official Paper (Held On: 14 Jul 2023 Shift 4) (Previous Year Paper)

1. + and -

60 × 4 - 9 ÷ 3 + 8 = 34

⇒ 240 - 3 + 8 = 34

⇒ 248 - 3 = 34

⇒ 245 ≠ 34

2. ÷ and +

60 × 4 ÷ 9 + 3 - 8 = 34

⇒ 60 × 0.44 + 3 - 8 = 34

⇒ 26.4 + 3 - 8 = 34

⇒ 29.4 - 8 = 34

⇒ 21.4 ≠ 34

3. + and ×

60 + 4 × 9 ÷ 3 - 8 = 34

⇒ 60 + 4 × 3 - 8 = 34

⇒ 60 + 12 - 8 = 34

⇒ 72 - 8 = 34

⇒ 64 ≠ 34

4. ÷ and × 

60 ÷ 4 + 9 × 3 - 8 = 34

⇒ 15 + 27 - 8 = 34

⇒ 42 - 8 = 34

⇒ 34 = 34

Hence, ‘÷ and × ’ is the correct answer.

The Venn diagram that best illustrates the relationship between Leafy Vegetables, Salad, Food is shown below:

Some leafy vegetables are used as salad. 

All leafy Vegetables and Salad are food items.

Hence, ‘option 3’ is the correct answer.

The logic followed here is:

Logic: (Third number ÷ Second number) × 7 = First number

• (49, 63, 441) → (441 ÷ 63) × 7 = 7 × 7 = 49
• (7, 14, 14) → (14 ÷ 14) × 7 = 1 × 7 = 7

Similarly,

• (14, 28, 56) → (56 ÷ 28) × 7 = 2 × 7 = 14

Hence, '(14, 28, 56)' is the correct answer.

The logic followed here is:

Hence, '19' is the correct answer.

The answer figure which is the exact mirror image of the given problem figure when the mirror is held at the right side is shown below:

Hence, 'option 4' is the correct answer.

The logic followed here is:

Similarly,

Hence, 'BFLORS' is the correct answer.

The figure from among the given options that can replace the question mark (?) in the following series is:

Figures at odd position are same and figures at even position are same.

Hence, ‘option 2’ is the correct answer.

The logic followed here is:

Logic: First one is the branch of medicine of the second one.

• Ophthalmology : Eyes → Ophthalmology is the branch of medicine that deals with the anatomy, physiology and diseases of the eye.

Similarly,

• Dermatology : ? → Dermatology is the branch of medicine dealing with the skin.

Hence, 'Skin' is the correct answer.

The logic followed here is:

Logic: (Second number × 2) - First number = Third number

• (4, 6, 8) → (6 × 2) - 4 = 12 - 4 = 8
• (6, 8, 10) → (8 × 2) - 6 = 16 - 6 = 10

Similarly,

• (8, 12, 16) → (12 × 2) - 8 = 24 - 8 = 16

Hence, '(8, 12, 16)' is the correct answer.

The logic followed here is:

Logic: Second one is young one of the first one.

• Tortoise : Hatchling → A baby tortoise is called a hatchling.

Similarly,

• Cat : ? → A baby Cat is called a Kitten.

Hence, 'Kitten' is the correct answer.

The logic followed here is:

Logic: (Second number ÷ Third number) × 3 = First number

• (15, 20, 4) → (20 ÷ 4) × 3 = 5 × 3 = 15
• (30, 30, 3) → (30 ÷ 3) × 3 = 10 × 3 = 30

Similarly,

• (60, 400, 20) → (400 ÷ 20) × 3 = 20 × 3 = 60

Hence, '(60, 400, 20)' is the correct answer.

The logic followed here is:

Similarly,

Hence, 'JNQPTF' is the correct answer.

Z - B $D$ G → Z is daughter of B, B is father of D, D is father of G.

By using the symbols in the table given below, we can draw the following family tree:

Z is aunt of G, i.e., sister of G's father.

Hence, ‘Z is the father's sister of G’ is the correct answer.

The image embedded in given figure is as shown below:

Hence, 'option 4' is the correct answer.

The image embedded in given figure is as shown below:

Hence, 'option 3' is the correct answer.

Confusion Points 

In Option 02, there are two triangles.

In the question figure, the lower triangle is correct, but the upper part is not a triangle as its lower side is made up of the circumference of a circle, thus it is not a straight line. (It is a curved line instead)

Please observe the figures and try to understand the difference between Option 2 and the given question figure.

The logic followed here is:

Logic: First number × 6 = Second number

1. (87, 522) → 87 × 6 = 522
2. (84, 672) → 84 × 6 = 504 ≠ 672
3. (92, 552) → 92 × 6 = 552
4. (64, 384) → 64 × 6 = 384

Hence, '(84, 672)' is the correct answer.

The logic followed here is:

Logic: First and second letter are reverse of each other; First letter + 3 = Third letter

1. JQM → J ↔ Q; J + 3 = M 2. DWG → D ↔ W; D + 3 = G 3. BXE → B ↔ Y ≠ X; B + 3 = E 4. AZD → A ↔ Z; A + 3 = D

Hence, ‘BXE’ is the correct answer.

The Venn diagram that best illustrates the relationship between Women, Professor, and Players is:

• Some women are players and professor.
• Some players are women and professor.
• Some professor are women and players.

Hence, 'option 3' is the correct answer.

The logic followed here is:

Logic: (First number ÷ 5) × 6 = Second number

• 175 ∶ 210 → (175 ÷ 5) × 6 = 35 × 6 = 210
• 310 ∶ 372 → (310 ÷ 5) × 6 = 62 × 6 = 372

Similarly,

• 295 ∶ ? → (295 ÷ 5) × 6 = 59 × 6 = 354

Hence, '354' is the correct answer.

The logic followed in the given figure series is:

From Figure (1) to (2):

The symbols are moved as shown below.

From Figure (2) to (3):

The symbols are moved as shown below.

From Figure (3) to (4):

The symbols are moved as shown below.

From Figure (4) to Answer Figure (5):

The symbols are moved as shown below.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option (2)".

The option that represents the correct order of the given words as they would appear in an English dictionary is:

6. Terminate
7. Termite
8. Terrace
9. Terrain
10. Territory
11. Tertiary

Hence, '6, 4, 2, 3, 5, 1' is the correct answer.

As 5 and 6 are the common faces on both the dice, the remaining faces 3 and 4 are opposite to each other.

As 5 and 3 are the common faces on both the dice, the remaining faces 6 and 2 are opposite to each other.

Clearly, remaining faces 1 and 5 will be opposite to each other.

Hence, ‘1 is the correct answer.

1. SMPA → A S  M P S / A C M P S / A C O P S / A C P P A
2. SCAN → A S  M P S / A C C P S / A C O A S / A C P P N
3. CMAS → A C  M P S / A  C M P S / A C O A S / A C P P S
4. CNPS → A C  M P S / A C N P S / A C O P S / A C P P S

• Logic here is: Every third letter after pairing Five five letters  followed by next number and rest letters are repeating themselves.

Hence, ‘CNPS’ is the correct answer.

The logic followed here is:

Hence, 'GPDJ' is the correct answer.

1. ÷ and +

117 + 13 ÷ 16 × 540 - 40 = 644

⇒ 117 + 0.8125 × 540 - 40 = 644

⇒ 117 + 438.75 - 40 = 644

⇒ 555.75 - 40 = 644

⇒ 515.75 - 40 ≠ 644

2. + and ×

117 ÷ 13 × 16 + 540 - 40 = 644

⇒ 9 × 16 + 540 - 40 = 644

⇒ 144 + 540 - 40 = 644

⇒ 684 - 40 = 644

⇒ 644 = 644

3. - and +

117 ÷ 13 - 16 × 540 + 40 = 644

⇒ 9 - 8640 + 40 = 644

⇒ 49 - 8640 = 644

⇒ -8591 ≠ 644

4. ÷ and -

117 - 13 + 16 × 540 ÷ 40 = 644

⇒ 117 - 13 + 16 × 13.5 = 644

⇒ 117 - 13 + 216 = 644

⇒ 333 - 13 = 644

⇒ 320 ≠ 644

Hence, ‘+ and ×’ is the correct answer.

The correct answer is Hsuan Tsang.

Key Points

• The Chinese traveller who visited India during the reign of Harshavardhana was Hsuan Tsang, also known as Xuanzang.
• He came to India in the 7th century and stayed here for 14 years, during which he travelled extensively and wrote about his experiences in his book "The Great Tang Records on the Western Regions".
• Hsuan Tsang was a Buddhist monk and his main purpose of visiting India was to study Buddhism and collect Buddhist texts.
• He visited many important Buddhist sites in India, including Bodh Gaya, where he meditated under the Bodhi tree and studied Buddhist philosophy under the guidance of a famous Indian monk, Shilabhadra.

Additional Information

• The other options mentioned in the question are not relevant to the reign of Harshavardhana.
• Faxian was a Chinese Buddhist monk who visited India in the 5th century.
• Etsing is not a known Chinese traveller, and Ibn Battuta was a Moroccan explorer who visited India in the 14th century.
• Hence, the correct answer is option 1.

The correct answer is biennial event.

• The Thomas Cup is a biennial event, which means it takes place once every two years.
• It is the most prestigious international badminton team championship for men, organized by the Badminton World Federation (BWF).
• The first Thomas Cup tournament was held in 1948-49, and it was named after Sir George Alan Thomas, a former English badminton player and the founder of the International Badminton Federation (now BWF).
• The participating teams are from different countries, and the tournament follows a knockout format.
• There are several annual badminton tournaments like the All England Open, Malaysia Open, Indonesia Open, and China Open, among others.
• Quarterly events are more commonly used in business and finance to denote a company's financial results or meetings.
• There are some international sporting events that are held every three years like the World Masters Games and the World Transplant Games.

The correct answer is Hockey.

Key Points

• Penalty corner is a term used in the sport of hockey.
• It is a set piece where the attacking team gets a free hit from the 10-yard line with only the goalkeeper and four defenders allowed to defend the goal.
• Penalty corners are usually awarded for fouls committed by the defending team inside their own circle.
• Penalty corners are considered to be a crucial opportunity for the attacking team to score a goal.

Additional Information

• Chess is a board game that involves strategic thinking and planning, and has no connection with penalty corners.
• Tennis is a racket sport where players hit a ball over a net and points are scored based on the opponent's inability to return the ball.
• Penalty corners are not used in tennis.
• Badminton is a racket sport played with a shuttlecock and a net.
• Penalty corners are not used in badminton.

The correct answer is Equisetum.

Key Points

• The correct answer is option 4, Equisetum, which is commonly known as horsetail or scouring rush.
• Equisetum has an underground, creeping and perennial rhizome that gives off aerial as well as underground branches.
• It is the only living representative of Sphenopsida, a group of vascular plants that were dominant during the Carboniferous period.
• Adiantum, also known as maidenhair fern, belongs to the group of ferns and does not have an underground rhizome.
• It has delicate fronds and is commonly grown as an ornamental plant.
• Dryopteris is another group of ferns that does not have an underground rhizome.
• It is commonly known as wood fern and is also grown as an ornamental plant.
• Selaginella, also known as spike moss, is a group of plants that are similar to ferns but have smaller leaves and are adapted to grow in dry environments.
• They do not have an underground rhizome.
  

Additional Information

• Equisetum is a unique plant that has been used for medicinal purposes for centuries.
• It contains silica and other minerals that are believed to have anti-inflammatory and diuretic properties.
• Adiantum is also used in traditional medicine to treat respiratory and digestive problems.
• It is also used in hair care products because of its high silica content.
• Dryopteris is commonly used in landscaping because of its attractive foliage and tolerance to shade.
• Selaginella is used in terrariums and indoor gardens because of its small size and unique appearance.

The correct answer is chloroform.

Key Points

• Trichloromethane is better known as Chloroform.
• Chloroform is a colorless liquid with a sweet odor and a nonflammable nature.
• It is commonly used as an anesthetic during surgeries and medical procedures.
• Chloroform was also used as a solvent and in the production of refrigerants and pesticides.
• However, its use has been restricted due to its potential toxicity and carcinogenic effects.

Additional Information

• Butanes
• Butanes are a group of hydrocarbons that are commonly used as fuel for lighters and stoves.
• They are also used as propellants in aerosol sprays and as a refrigerant.
• However, they are highly flammable and can pose a fire hazard if not handled properly.
• LPG
• LPG or liquefied petroleum gas is a mixture of propane and butane.
• It is commonly used as fuel for heating, cooking, and transportation.
• LPG is a clean-burning fuel and emits fewer pollutants compared to other fossil fuels.
• However, it is highly flammable and can pose safety risks if not handled properly.
• Laughing gas
• Laughing gas is the common name for nitrous oxide, which is a colorless gas with a sweet odor.
• It is commonly used as an anesthetic during dental procedures and as a recreational drug.
• Nitrous oxide has a euphoric effect and can cause laughing and giggling, hence the name.
• However, it can also cause dizziness, nausea, and in rare cases, loss of consciousness.

The correct answer is Forty - Second Amendment Act, 1976.

Key Points

• The Fundamental Duties were added to the Constitution by the Forty-Second Amendment Act of 1976.
• The Fundamental Duties are a set of moral obligations and responsibilities that every citizen of India is expected to follow.
• The concept of Fundamental Duties was inspired by the Constitution of the Soviet Union.
• The Fundamental Duties were added to the Constitution on the recommendation of the Swaran Singh Committee.

Additional Information

• The Constitution (Forty-seventh Amendment) Act, 1984, this amendment included 14 land reform acts in the Ninth Schedule.The states of Assam, Bihar, Haryana, Tamil Nadu, Uttar Pradesh, and West Bengal, as well as the union territories of Goa, Daman, and Diu, passed these laws
• Forty-Fourth Amendment Act of 1978 primarily focused on restoring provisions that were changed by the 42nd Amendment Act, particularly regarding fundamental rights, the powers of the President and the judiciary, and emergency provisions.

The correct answer is 1 - a, 2 - b, 3 - c.

Key Points

• The correct answer matches Kerala with Anaimalai Hills, Meghalaya with Garo Hills, and Mizoram with Lushai Hills.
• Anaimalai Hills are a range of hills in the Western Ghats of Kerala and Tamil Nadu, known for their biodiversity and scenic beauty.
• Garo Hills are a part of the Garo-Khasi range in Meghalaya, home to the Garo people and known for their forests, waterfalls, and wildlife.
• Lushai Hills are a range of hills in Mizoram, named after the Lushai people who inhabit the area, and known for their rugged terrain and rich flora and fauna.

Additional Information

• Kerala, Meghalaya, and Mizoram are all states in India, located in different regions of the country and known for their distinct cultures, languages, and natural features.

The correct answer is mother.

Key Points

• Nagalapuram was founded by Krishnadeva Raya in memory of his mother Nagala Devi.
• Nagalapuram was a suburban township located near Vijayanagara, the capital of the Vijayanagara Empire.
• Krishnadeva Raya was a prominent emperor of the Vijayanagara Empire who ruled from 1509 to 1530.
• The other options are incorrect.
• Krishnadeva Raya's father was Tuluva Narasa Nayaka, his teacher was Vyasatirtha, and he did not have a sister.

Additional Information

• Krishnadeva Raya's mother Nagala Devi was a devout follower of Lord Vishnu and had a great influence on him.
• Nagalapuram was also known as Nagalapura, and it was an important center of trade and commerce during the Vijayanagara period.
• Krishnadeva Raya was a patron of art, literature, and architecture, and his reign is considered the golden age of the Vijayanagara Empire.
• Tuluva Narasa Nayaka was Krishnadeva Raya's father-in-law, not his biological father.
• Vyasatirtha was a prominent saint and philosopher of the Dvaita school of Vedanta, and he was Krishnadeva Raya's spiritual guru.

The correct answer is One.

Key Points

• The Legislative Assembly of Telangana has a total of 120 members, out of which 119 are elected members and one is a nominated member.
• The nominated member in the Telangana Legislative Assembly is usually a person who has expertise or knowledge in a specific field, and is appointed by the Governor of the state.
• The role of the nominated member in the Legislative Assembly is to provide their expertise and insights during the discussions and debates that take place in the assembly.

Additional Information

• There is only one nominated member in the Telangana Legislative Assembly.
• The nominated member does not have voting rights in the assembly, and their role is mainly advisory in nature.

The correct answer is SAMARTH.

Key Points

• On International Women's Day 2022, the Ministry of MSME launched an entrepreneurship drive for women under the SAMARTH scheme.
• SAMARTH stands for Support for Augmenting MSMEs through Resource and Technology Upgradation.
• It is aimed at providing financial assistance to MSMEs for technology upgradation, skill development, and other such initiatives.
• The scheme aims to empower women entrepreneurs by providing them with access to credit, market linkages, and other resources required for the growth of their businesses.

Additional Information

• Nirbhaya is a government scheme aimed at ensuring the safety and security of women in public spaces.
• Swadhar is a scheme aimed at providing shelter and rehabilitation to women in difficult circumstances.
• Ujjawala is a scheme aimed at preventing trafficking of women and children for commercial sexual exploitation.

The correct answer is Radiogenic heat and primordial heat.

Key Points

• The main energy sources for earth's internal heat engine are radiogenic heat and primordial heat.
• Radiogenic heat is produced by the decay of radioactive isotopes in the earth's crust and mantle.
• Primordial heat is the heat left over from the formation of the earth.
• These two sources are the main contributors to earth's internal heat engine.

Additional Information

• Radiogenic heat is produced by the decay of radioactive isotopes such as uranium, thorium, and potassium-40.
• These isotopes are present in the earth's crust and mantle.
• The earth was formed about 4.6 billion years ago by the accretion of small particles.
• The heat generated by the collisions and compression of these particles is still present in the earth's core.
• While oceanic tide heat is not a significant contributor to earth's internal heat engine, it does play a role in the earth's energy balance.
• Tides are caused by the gravitational pull of the moon and the sun, which creates friction and generates heat in the ocean.
• Solar heat is the energy that comes from the sun.
• It heats up the earth's surface and drives weather patterns and the water cycle.

Important Points The Earth's internal heat engine refers to the processes that generate and maintain the planet's internal heat, driving various geological phenomena such as volcanic activity, tectonic plate movement, and the generation of the Earth's magnetic field. There are several components to this heat engine:

• Radioactive Decay: The primary source of heat within the Earth is the radioactive decay of elements such as uranium, thorium, and potassium in the mantle and crust. This process releases energy in the form of heat.
• Gravitational Energy: During the formation of the Earth, gravitational energy was converted into heat. The compression of material as it gravitationally collapses releases heat, contributing to the internal heat budget of the planet.

The correct answer is She received Sangeet Natak Akademi Award for the year 2020.

Key Points

• Sruti Bandopadhay is a renowned Manipuri dancer who has contributed significantly to the promotion and preservation of Manipuri dance.
• She has been awarded the Sangeet Natak Akademi Award, which is the highest national recognition given to performing artists, for the year 2020.
• Sruti Bandopadhay has been a recipient of several other awards and honors, including the Nritya Choodamani award and the Rajiv Gandhi National Sadbhavana award.

Additional Information

• Sruti Bandopadhay has not received the Kalidas Samman or the Padma Awards.

The correct answer is Vishnu Narayan Bhatkhande.

Key Points

• Vishnu Narayan Bhatkhande is not associated with Carnatic Music.
• He was a Hindustani classical music composer, theorist, and musicologist.
• Kalyani Varadarajan is associated with Carnatic Music.
• She is a renowned Carnatic vocalist and composer.
• MS Subbulakshmi is associated with Carnatic Music.
• She was a legendary Carnatic vocalist and musician.
• Subramania Bharathiyar is associated with Carnatic Music.
• He was a Tamil poet, writer, and independence activist who composed songs in Tamil that are popularly sung in Carnatic Music concerts.
• Carnatic Music is a form of classical music that originated in South India.
• It is characterized by intricate rhythms, melodic improvisation, and a rich repertoire of compositions.

Additional Information

• Kalyani Varadarajan is a disciple of the legendary Carnatic musician, Semmangudi Srinivasa Iyer.
• She has won several awards and accolades for her contributions to Carnatic Music.
• MS Subbulakshmi was the first musician to be awarded the Bharat Ratna, India's highest civilian award.
• She was also the first Indian musician to perform at the United Nations General Assembly.
• Subramania Bharathiyar's compositions are known for their patriotic fervor and social messages. \
• They are popularly sung in Carnatic Music concerts as well as other forms of music.
• Vishnu Narayan Bhatkhande is known for his contribution to Hindustani classical music.
• He is credited with organizing and codifying the existing forms of Hindustani classical music into a systematic and scientific framework.

The correct answer is FERA.

Key Points

• The Foreign Exchange Regulation Act (FERA) was introduced in India in 1973 to regulate foreign exchange transactions and to conserve foreign exchange reserves.
• FERA was replaced by the Foreign Exchange Management Act (FEMA) in 1999, which was introduced to simplify and liberalize the foreign exchange regime in India.
• The Fiscal Responsibility and Budget Management (FRBM) Act was introduced in 2003 to ensure fiscal discipline and reduce the fiscal deficit of the Indian government.
• The Securitisation and Reconstruction of Financial Assets and Enforcement of Security Interest (SARFAESI) Act was introduced in 2002 to provide a legal framework for banks and financial institutions to recover their non-performing assets.
• Option 1, FERA, is the correct answer to the question asked as it was the act introduced in 1973 to regulate foreign exchange in India.

Additional Information

• FERA was considered a stringent act as it imposed restrictions on foreign exchange transactions and punished offenders with fines and imprisonment.
• FEMA, which replaced FERA, is a more liberal act that allows for easier foreign exchange transactions and investments in India.
• FRBM sets targets for the government to reduce the fiscal deficit to a certain percentage of the GDP and also sets targets for the reduction of public debt.
• SARFAESI gives banks and financial institutions the power to seize and sell assets of defaulting borrowers without court intervention.

The correct answer is Jhika Dasain.

Key Points

• Jhika Dasain is a traditional dance form of the Santhal tribe of Jharkhand.
• The dance is performed during the Dasain festival, which is celebrated in the month of October.
• The performers wear traditional Santhal attire and use various musical instruments such as dhamsa, madal, and flute.
• The dance is performed in a group, and the movements are rhythmic and energetic, with a lot of footwork and hand gestures.

Additional Information

• Kolkali is a folk dance form of Kerala, which is performed with sticks by a group of men in a circular pattern.
• Ghumar is a folk dance form of Rajasthan, which is performed by women in a circular pattern while wearing colorful ghagras.
• Koli is a folk dance form of Maharashtra, which is performed by the fisherfolk community to celebrate their culture and lifestyle.
• Santhal tribe is one of the largest tribes in India, mainly found in the states of Jharkhand, West Bengal, Odisha, and Bihar.
• They have a rich cultural heritage and are known for their traditional music, dance, and art forms.

The correct answer is Ribosome.

Key Points

• Ribosomes are the organelles that are made up of ribosomal RNA and proteins.
• Ribosomes are responsible for the synthesis of proteins in the cell.
• Ribosomes can be found in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.
• Ribosomes can be free in the cytoplasm or attached to the rough endoplasmic reticulum.

Additional Information

• Nucleus is the organelle that contains the genetic material of the cell and is responsible for controlling the cell's activities.
• Golgi body is responsible for processing and packaging proteins and lipids that are synthesized in the cell.
• Lysosome is an organelle that contains digestive enzymes and is responsible for breaking down waste materials in the cell.

The correct answer is Mallakhamb.

Key Points

• The correct answer is option 4, Mallakhamb, for which Shri Sagar Kailas Ovhalkar was conferred with the Arjuna Award 2022.
• Mallakhamb is a traditional Indian sport that involves performing acrobatics and gymnastics on a vertical wooden pole or rope.

Additional Information

• Kabbadi is a contact sport that originated in ancient India and involves two teams trying to score points by raiding the other team's territory.
• Chess is a strategic board game that originated in India and involves two players trying to checkmate the opponent's king.
• Judo is a modern martial art that originated in Japan and involves throws, holds, and submissions to defeat the opponent.
• Hence, the statement is correct that Shri Sagar Kailas Ovhalkar was conferred with the Arjuna Award 2022 for his outstanding contribution in Mallakhamb.

The correct answer is Dadabhai Naoroji.

Key Points

• Dadabhai Naoroji was the first person to discuss poverty line in pre-independent India.
• He was a prominent Indian nationalist and the first Indian to be elected to the British Parliament.
• Naoroji coined the term "poverty line" in his book "Poverty and Un-British Rule in India" published in 1901.
• His book highlighted the exploitation of India by the British and the economic drain of wealth from India to Britain.

Additional Information

• Mahalanobis was an Indian statistician who developed the Mahalanobis distance and was a key figure in the development of the Indian statistical system.
• Dr. BR Ambedkar was a social reformer and the chief architect of the Indian Constitution.
• RK Shanmukham Chetty was an Indian lawyer and politician who served as the first finance minister of independent India.
• Hence, the correct answer is option 1.

The correct answer is Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh, Gujarat and Rajasthan.

Key Points

• The Sardar Sarovar Project is a multipurpose dam project located on the Narmada River in Gujarat, India.
• The project aims to provide irrigation and drinking water to several states and generate hydroelectric power.
• The group of states covered in the Sardar Sarovar Project includes Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh, Gujarat, and Rajasthan.

Additional Information

• The Sardar Sarovar Project is one of the largest dams in India and was completed in 2017 after several years of controversy and protests by local communities and activists.
• The project has been criticized for its impact on the environment and displacement of local communities.
• Gujarat, Punjab, Haryana, and Rajasthan also have several other dam projects on the Narmada River

The correct answer is Erich Huckel.

Key Points

• The German chemist and physicist who proposed that an aromatic compound must have an odd number of pairs of electrons, which can mathematically be written as 4n + 2 (n = 0,1,2,3, etc.) in 1931 is Erich Huckel.
• Huckel's rule helps in determining whether a compound is aromatic or not by checking the number of pairs of electrons in its pi system.

Additional Information

• Friedrich Kekule was a German chemist who proposed the structure of benzene in 1865, which is a six-membered aromatic ring with alternating double bonds.
• Rosalind Franklin was a British biophysicist who played a crucial role in discovering the structure of DNA.
• Antoine Lavoisier was a French chemist who is considered the father of modern chemistry for his work in understanding the nature of combustion and oxygen's role in it.
• Hence, the statement is correct, and Erich Huckel is the German chemist and physicist who proposed Huckel's rule in 1931.

The correct answer is Lord Ripon.

Key Points

• CP Ilbert was a law member of the council under Lord Ripon.
• Lord Ripon was the Viceroy of India from 1880 to 1884.

Additional Information

• Lord Lytton was the Viceroy of India from 1876 to 1880 and is known for the Vernacular Press Act.
• Lord Cornwallis was the Governor-General of India from 1786 to 1793 and introduced the Permanent Settlement.
• Lord Curzon was the Viceroy of India from 1899 to 1905 and is known for the Partition of Bengal.
• Hence, the correct answer is option 3, Lord Ripon.

The correct answer is BR Ambedkar.

Key Points

• The author of the book 'The Buddha and his Dhamma' is B.R. Ambedkar.
• The book was published posthumously in 1957, after the death of Ambedkar.
• The book is based on the life and teachings of Buddha and his philosophy of Dhamma.
• The book is an attempt to make the teachings of Buddha accessible to the masses and to explain the relevance of Buddhism in modern times.

Additional Information

• Subhas Chandra Bose was a freedom fighter and politician who played a significant role in India's struggle for independence.
• He was not the author of 'The Buddha and his Dhamma.'
• Mahatma Gandhi was a political and spiritual leader who led India to independence.
• While he was a proponent of nonviolence and religious tolerance, he was not the author of 'The Buddha and his Dhamma.'
• Motilal Nehru was a lawyer and politician who played an important role in the Indian National Congress.
• He was not the author of 'The Buddha and his Dhamma.'
• Hence, the correct answer is option 2.

The correct answer is Shravan.

Key Points

• Nag Panchami is a Hindu festival dedicated to the worship of snakes, which is celebrated on the fifth day of the bright half of the lunar month of Shravan.
• The festival is celebrated in various parts of India, especially in states like Maharashtra, Karnataka, West Bengal, and Uttar Pradesh.
• It is believed that worshipping snakes on this day will bring good luck and prosperity to the family.
• People offer milk, flowers, and sweets to the idols of snakes and also visit temples dedicated to Nagas (the serpent deities).

Additional Information

• The word 'Nag' means snake or serpent in Sanskrit, and 'Panchami' refers to the fifth day of the lunar fortnight.
• In some regions, people also observe a fast on Nag Panchami and break it after offering prayers to the snakes.
• In West Bengal, the festival is celebrated as Manasa Puja, dedicated to the goddess of snakes, Manasa Devi.
• In Maharashtra, people decorate their homes with rangoli and offer a special dish called 'kanda bhaji' to the snakes.
• Kartik is the eighth month of the Hindu calendar, which usually falls in October-November.
• It is known for several festivals like Diwali, Govardhan Puja, and Bhai Dooj.
• Sharad is the season of autumn, which falls between September and November.
• It is known for festivals like Navratri, Durga Puja, and Vijayadashami.
• Asadh is the 4th month of the Hindu calendar, which usually falls in June-July.
• It is known for the beginning of the monsoon season and several agricultural festivals.

The correct answer is Sajan Prakash.

Key Points

• Sajan Prakash became the first swimmer from India to breach the **Olympic Qualification Time (**A cut) in swimming in June 2021.
• He achieved this feat in the Sette Colli Trophy in Rome, Italy.
• Sajan Prakash clocked 1:56.38s in the 200m butterfly event, which is below the Olympic Qualification Time (A cut) of 1:56.48s.
• At Tokyo 2020, Sajan Prakash, who also swam at Rio 2016, is set to become the first Indian swimmer to participate in two Olympic Games.

Additional Information

• Srihari Nataraj, Anand Anilkumar Shylaja, and Virdhawal Khade are also well-known Indian swimmers, but they have not breached the Olympic Qualification Time (A cut) in swimming as of June 2021.

The correct answer is RBI.

Key Points

• Reserve Bank of India (RBI) is the central bank of India, which regulates the functioning of banks and other financial institutions in the country.
• RBI is also responsible for regulating and supervising the microfinance institutions (MFIs) in India, which provide small loans to the low-income households and micro-entrepreneurs.
• RBI has issued guidelines for the registration and operation of MFIs, and it also monitors their compliance with the regulatory norms.
• RBI has set up a dedicated department for the supervision of NBFC-MFIs (Non-Banking Financial Company-Microfinance Institutions), which are the main type of MFIs in India.

Additional Information

• SEBI (Securities and Exchange Board of India) is the regulator of the securities market in India, which oversees the functioning of stock exchanges, mutual funds, and other market intermediaries.
• NABARD (National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development) is a development bank, which provides financial and technical assistance to the agriculture and rural sectors in India.
• SBI (State Bank of India) is a public sector bank, which is one of the largest banks in India.
• However, it is not the regulator of MFIs in India.
• Hence, the statement "The regulator of Micro Finance Institutions in India is RBI" is correct.

Formula used

Average = Sum of values/Total values

Calculation

The average sales of all the companies (in 1000 numbers) for the year 2018:

= [(25 + 30 + 55 + 70) × 1000]/4

= 45000

The average sales of all the companies (in 1000 numbers) for the year 2018 is 45000.

Given

The ratio of the number of boys to that of girls in a school is 11 ∶ 15.

Calculation

Let the number of boys and girls in a school be 11a and 15a.

⇒ 15a - 11a = 200

⇒ 4a = 200

⇒ a = 50

⇒ 11a → 50 × 11 = 550

The number of boys in that school is 550.

Calculation

The sweets manufactured by factories P, Q and R together in the year 1998 = 178 + 240 + 150

⇒ 568

The sweets manufactured by factories S,T and U together in the same year = 130 + 177 + 192

⇒ 499

The ratio between the two is 568:499.

Given:

The ratio between the monthly income and the expenditure of Vaidic is 8 ∶ 5

His income increases by 20% and his expenditure increases by 30%.

Calculations:

Let the monthly income and the expenditure of Vaidic be 8a and 5a respectively.

Savings = 8a - 5a = 3a.

Increase in income from next year,

I = 8a(1 + 20%)

⇒ I = 8a(1 + 0.20)

⇒ I = 9.6a

Increase in expenses from next year,

E = 5a(1 + 30%)

⇒ E = 5a(1 + 0.30)

⇒ E = 5a(1.30) = Rs. 6.5a

Savings from next year,

S = 9.6a - 6.5a = Rs. 3.1a

The total increase in savings,

S% = [(3.1a - 3a/3a)] × 100

⇒ S% = 10/3

⇒ S = 3(1/3)

∴ The percentage increase in his saving is 3(1/3)%.

Given :

(2 × 7 - 5 + 9 ÷ 3) ÷ (4 + 2)2 × 2

BODMAS Rule:

Calculation :

(2 × 7 - 5 + 9 ÷ 3) ÷ (4 + 2)2 × 2

⇒ (2 × 7 - 5 + 3) ÷ 36 × 2

⇒ (2 × 7 - 5 + 3) ÷ 36 × 2

⇒ 12 ÷ 36 × 2

⇒ 2/3

∴ The answer is 2/3.

Given

Rs. 72 amounts to Rs. 104.4 in 3 years

Formula used:

Simple Interest = (Principal x Rate x Time) / 100

Calculation

Interest = Amount - Principal

Interest = 104.4 - 72 = 32.4

⇒ 32.4 = (72 x Rate x 3) / 100

⇒ Rate = (100 × 32.4) / (72 x 3) 

⇒ Rate = 3240 / 216

⇒ Rate = 15%

Now,

Simple Interest = (120 x 15 x 5) / 100

Simple Interest = 9000 / 100

Simple Interest = 90

Amount = 120 + 90

Amount = 210

The amount will be 210.

Shortcut TrickSince the rate is the same in both cases, we can use the ratio method, by calculation interest for the same number of years.

3 year interest = 104.4 - 72 = 32.4

1 year interest = 32.4/3 = 10.8

5 year interest = 10.8 × 5 = 54

Let the amount on the sum of 120 be a.

⇒ (72 + 54)/72 = a/120

⇒ 7/4 = a/120

⇒ a = 210

Given:

The angle subtended by a chord on the major arc of a circle is 132°.

Concept used:

The angle subtended by an arc at the centre is double the angle subtended by it at any point on the remaining part of the circle.

Calculation:

The major arc for the AB chord is ACB.

∠AGB = 132° 

According to the concept,

∠AGB  = 2 × ∠ACB

⇒ ∠ACB = 132°/2

⇒ ∠ACB = 66°

The angle ACB is 66°

Given

Three successive discounts of 15%, 20% and 25% are given.

Formula Used: 

Effective discount when two discounts are offered,

⇒ a + b - (a × b)/100

Calculation:

⇒ 15 + 20 - (15 × 20)/100

⇒ 35 - 3

⇒ 32%

⇒ 25 + 32 - (25 × 32)/100

⇒ 57 - 8

⇒ 49%

The net discount in percentage is 49%.

Given:

Pipes A can fill and B can fill a tank in 18 hours and 24 hours respectively..

Concept used:

Entire work = Work done hourly × Total time taken (in hours)

Calculation:

Total capacity = LCM (18, 24) = 72

Now,

Pipe A fill hourly by = 72 ÷ 18 = 4 units

Pipe B fills hourly by = 72 ÷ 24 = 3 units

The total tank will be filled in:

⇒ 72/(4 + 3)

⇒ 10(2/7) hours

They will take to fill the empty tank in 10(2/7) hours.

GIVEN:

Quantity of mixture = 55 liters

Ratio of juice and water = 4 : 1

CONCEPT:

The ratio of the mixture before removal and after removal is the same.

CALCULATION:

Let the quantity of juice and water be 4x and 1x.

So, the total quantity of mixture = 5x

⇒ 5x = 55 L

⇒ x = 11 L

Initial Quantity of juice = 44 L

Initial Quantity of water = 11 L

Let the amount of water added be y litres.

⇒ 44/11 + y = 2/1

⇒ 44 = 22 + 2y

⇒ 2y = 44 - 22

⇒ y = 11 litres

11 litres of water (in litres) must be added to make the mixture ratio 2 ∶ 1

Shortcut Trick 

We equate the juice, since only water is added the quantity of juice remains the same in both cases.

Given:

Height = 21 cm

The radius of the cylinder = 12/2 cm.

Formula Used:

Volume of cylinder = πr²h

Calculation:

According to the question.

⇒ πr2h

⇒ (22/7) × 6 × 6 × 21 = 36 × 66

⇒ 2376

The amount of water that she can carry in the flask is 2376 cm³.

Shortcut Trick

Since time is constant until the thief is caught, the distance ratio is equal to the speed ratio.

Speed ratio (Policeman : Thief) = 10 : 8 = 5 : 4

Difference in ratio parts = 5 − 4 = 1 unit → 1250 m (Initial gap)

Distance run by thief = 4 units = 4 × 1250 m = 5000 m

Convert to km: 5000 ÷ 1000 = 5 km

∴ The correct answer is 5 km.

Alternate Method

Given:

Speed of Policeman = 10 km/h

Speed of Thief = 8 km/h

Initial distance = 1250 m = 1.25 km

Formula Used:

Relative Speed (same direction) = S₁ − S₂

Time = Distance ÷ Relative Speed

Distance = Speed × Time

Calculations:

⇒ Relative Speed = 10 − 8 = 2 km/h

⇒ Time taken to catch the thief = Initial Distance ÷ Relative Speed

⇒ Time = 1.25 km ÷ 2 km/h = 0.625 hours

⇒ Distance run by the thief = Speed of thief × Time

⇒ Distance = 8 km/h × 0.625 hours

⇒ Distance = 5 km

∴ The correct answer is 5 km.

Additional Information

Relative Speed in Same Direction

When two objects move in the same direction, their relative speed is the difference of their individual speeds (S₁ − S₂).

Relative Speed in Opposite Direction

When two objects move in opposite directions, their relative speed is the sum of their individual speeds (S₁ + S₂).

Unit Conversion

To convert m to km, divide by 1000. To convert km/h to m/s, multiply by 5/18.

Formula used

sec θ + tan θ = 1/(sec θ - tan θ)

Calculation

If, sec θ + tan θ = 5, then:

sec θ - tan θ = 1/5

Adding the above two we get:

⇒ 2 sec θ = 5 + 1/5

⇒ sec θ = 1/2(5 + 1/5)

The value is $\frac{1}{2}(5 + \frac{1}{5})$

Given data:

AB = 14 cm

OP = 24 cm

Concept used:

Chord theorem circle states that if the radius of the circle is perpendicular to the chord of the circle, it bisects it and vice-versa.

In the circle, OA is the radius that bisects the chord AB perpendicularly.

Calculations:

In a right-angled triangle OPA,

AP² + OP² = OA²  (From Pythagoras theorem)

Substituting the value of OP and AP

⇒ OA² = 7² + 24² 

⇒ OA2 = 625

⇒ OA = 25

The radius is 25 cm.

Given

A man takes 15 minutes to row 16 km downstream.

Formula used

Distance = speed × time

Calculation

Let the speed of the current be x and the man’s speed be y km/hr.

16 = (x + y) × 1/4

⇒ x + y = 64      ----(1)

25% less than the time means = 15 × 4/3 = 20 min

16 = (y - x) × 1/3 

⇒ -x + y = 48      ----(2)

Adding (1) and (2)

⇒ 2y = 112                            

⇒ y = 56 km/hr

The man can row 56 km in an hour in still water.

Formula Used:

Total work = Efficiency × Time taken

Calculation

Ajay can finish the work alone in 32 days

A’s one day work = 1/32

A and B complete the whole work in = 8 days

Ajay and Bharat work on alternate days, with Bharat starting the work on the first day so, we can say B will work only 4 days A will work only:

= 8 - 4 = 4 days

If A’s 4-day work = 4/32 = 1/8

Remaining work = 1 – [1/8] = 7/8

B complete 7/8 work in = 4 days

B complete whole work in = 4 × [8/7] = 32/7 days

B alone can finish 7 times the same work in = [32/7] × 7 = 32 days

B alone can finish 7 times the same work in 32 days.

Formula used

(a + b)² = a² + b² + 2ab

Calculation

sec θ + cos θ = 32

Squaring both sides:

(sec θ + cos θ)² = sec2 θ+ cos2 θ + 2 sec θ cos θ

⇒ 1024 - 2 = sec2 θ+ cos2 θ 

⇒ sec2 θ+ cos2 θ = 1022

The value is 1022.

Given:

A, B and C can do work in 12, 15, and 20 days respectively

Formula Used:

Total work = Efficiency × Time taken

Calculation:

Total work = 60 units (LCM of 12, 15, 20)

⇒ Efficiency of A = 60/12 = 5 units/day

⇒ Efficiency of B = 60/15 = 4 units/day

⇒ Efficiency of C = 60/20 = 3 units/day

4 day's work = (5 + 4 + 3) × 4 = 48

Remaining work = (60 - 48)/60

⇒ 1/5

The remaining work is 1/5.

Shortcut Trick If x2 + 1/x2 = k, then x + 1/x = √(k + 2). Given x4 + 1/x4 = 254 ⇒ x2 + 1/x2 = √(254 + 2) = 16. Then x + 1/x = √(16 + 2) = √18 = 3√2. Now, x5 + 1/x5 = (x2 + 1/x2)(x3 + 1/x3) − (x + 1/x). x5 + 1/x5 = 16 × [(3√2)3 − 3(3√2)] − 3√2 = 16 × 45√2 − 3√2 = 717√2. ∴ The correct answer is 717√2. Alternate Method Given: x4 + 1/x4 = 254 where x > 0. Formula Used:

1. (a + b)2 = a2 + b2 + 2ab
2. a3 + b3 = (a + b)(a2 − ab + b2) or (a + b)3 − 3ab(a + b)
3. x5 + 1/x5 = (x2 + 1/x2)(x3 + 1/x3) − (x + 1/x)

Step 1: Reduce to lower powers ⇒ (x2 + 1/x2)2 = x4 + 1/x4 + 2 = 254 + 2 = 256 ⇒ x2 + 1/x2 = √256 = 16 ⇒ (x + 1/x)2 = x2 + 1/x2 + 2 = 16 + 2 = 18 ⇒ x + 1/x = √18 = 3√2 Step 2: Calculate cubic term ⇒ x3 + 1/x3 = (x + 1/x)3 − 3(x + 1/x) ⇒ x3 + 1/x3 = (3√2)3 − 3(3√2) = 54√2 − 9√2 = 45√2 Step 3: Calculate the final value ⇒ x5 + 1/x5 = (x2 + 1/x2)(x3 + 1/x3) − (x + 1/x) ⇒ x5 + 1/x5 = 16 × 45√2 − 3√2 ⇒ x5 + 1/x5 = 720√2 − 3√2 = 717√2 ∴ The correct answer is 717√2. Additional Information Standard Algebraic Identity for Powers For any x + 1/x = k, the value of x2 + 1/x2 = k2 − 2 and x3 + 1/x3 = k3 − 3k. Sum of Higher Odd Powers The formula for x7 + 1/x7 = (x3 + 1/x3)(x4 + 1/x4) − (x + 1/x) follows the same logic as the x5 formula. Reverse Square Rule If x2 + 1/x2 = m, then x − 1/x = √(m − 2) for x > 1.

Given: 

The initial loss = 16%

Profit = 20%

The selling price of an article is increased by = Rs. 324

Formula used:

S.P. = [(100 + Profit%)/100] × C.P.

Profit% = [(S.P. - C.P.)/C.P.] × 100

Where, C.P. = Cost price; S.P. = Selling price

Calculation:

Let, the cost price = 100x

So, the selling price = 84x

The final selling price = 100x × (120/100) = 120x

⇒ 120x - 84x = 324

⇒ 36x = 324

⇒ x = 9

⇒ 100x → 9 × 100 = 900

Cost price =  Rs. 900

∴ The Cost price of the article is Rs. 900

Shortcut Trick

Let the CP be 100%

Initial SP = 84%

Final SP = 120%

The gap in the two SPs is due to 324.

⇒ 36% = 324

⇒  1%→ 9 

⇒  100%→ 900

Given

$\frac{\sin^3 α + \cos^3 α}{\sin α + \cos α}$

Formula Used:

a³ + b³ = (a + b) (a² + b² - ab)

sin²θ + cos²θ = 1

Calculation:

$\frac{\sin^3 α + \cos^3 α}{\sin α + \cos α}$ = [(sin α + cos α) (sin²α + cos²α - sinα cosα)]/(sin α + cos α)

⇒ 1 - sin α cos α

The value is 1 - sin α cos α.

Given:

Δ XYZ ≅ Δ LMR

Formula:

If Δ XYZ ≅ Δ LMR, then

XY/LM = YZ/MR = XZ/LR

Calculation:

XY/LM = YZ/MR = XZ/LR

2m + 1 = 5  ........(1)

2p + 2 = 8  ........(2)

2X - 1 = 7  ........(3)

Adding all 3 equations:

⇒ 2m + 2p + 2X + 2 = 20

⇒ 2m + 2p + 2x = 18

⇒ m + p + x = 9

The value is 9

Formula used

(a - b)³ = a3 - b3 - 3a2b + 3ab2

Calculation

(a - b)3 = a3 - b3 - 3a2b + 3ab2

⇒ (17 - 13)3 = a3 - b3 - 3a2b + 3ab2

⇒ (4)3 = a3 - b3 - 3a2b + 3ab2

⇒ 64 = a3 - b3 - 3a2b + 3ab2

The value is 64.

Given :

18 ÷ 3 of 2 × 5 + 72 ÷ 18 of 2 × 3 - 4 ÷ 8 × 2

BODMAS Rule:

Calculation :

18 ÷ 3 of 2 × 5 + 72 ÷ 18 of 2 × 3 - 4 ÷ 8 × 2

⇒ 18 ÷ 6 × 5 + 72 ÷ 36 × 3 - 4 ÷ 8 × 2

⇒ 3 × 5 + 2 × 3 - 1/2 × 2

⇒15 + 6 - 1

⇒ 20

∴ The answer is 20.

Given:

Age of Gyanendra : age of Arbind = 6 : 5

Gyanendra + Arbind = 55 years

Calculation:

According to the question:

⇒ (6 + 5) = 11 units = 55 years

⇒ 1 unit = 5 years

Age of Gyanendra = 6 units = 5 × 6 = 30 years

Age of Arbind = 5 units = 5 × 5 = 25 years

Gyanendra age after 7 years :  Arbind age after 7 years = (30 + 7) :  (25 + 7)

⇒ 37 : 32

∴ The correct option is 2.

The correct answer is "ensured if they all tried to".

Key Points

• In the given sentence, the error lies in the part "ensured if they all tried to."
• The use of the word "tried" is incorrect.
• The given sentence is the passive form of the sentence in future tense.
• We use the formula of subject + will + be + past participle verb (ensured)
• The future conditional describes something that might happen in the future with a condition.
• In the given sentence, the availability of funds will be ensured in the future if in present the proposals are submitted on time.
• Thus, the use of the word "tried" should be replaced by the present form of the verb i.e. "try."

Hence, the correct answer is option 4.

Correct Sentence: The availability of funds will be ensured if they all try to submit the proposals on time.

The correct answer is "Atheist."

Key Points

• Let us understand the meaning of the given words:
• "Irreverent" means showing a lack of respect for something or someone that is usually considered sacred or holy.
• Example: She has an irreverent attitude towards marriage.
• An atheist is a person who does not believe in the existence of God or gods.
• ​Example: He said he is an atheist when asked about his views on God.
• "Profane" means disrespectful or vulgar language or behaviour.
• ​Example: They have profaned the long upheld traditions of the temple.
• "Blasphemous" means the act of insulting or showing contempt or lack of reverence for God or something considered sacred.
• ​Example: What he says is blasphemous and upsets believers.
• From the above explanation, it is clear that the word "atheist" can substitute the given phrase.

Hence, the correct answer is option 2.

The correct answer is "Dishonesty."

Key Points

• An idiom is a widely used saying or expression containing a figurative meaning that differs from the phrase's literal meaning.
• Example: The idiom "let the cat out of the bag" means give away a secret.
• Now, the idiom "sharp practice" means dishonest or deceitful behavior.
• Synonyms for "sharp practice" include deceit, fraud, and trickery.
• Example: The industry brought in rules to protect customers from sharp practice.
• The word "dishonesty" means lack of honesty or integrity.
• Thus, it is clear that the idiom "sharp practice" means "dishonesty."

Hence, the correct answer is option 1

The correct answer is "CDBA."

Key Points

• When we go through the given sentences, it becomes clear that the subject is talking about the professions of a civilised society and how it should be.
• Sentence C introduces the subject of the passage and his thoughts on various professions of a civlised society.
• Further, sentence D states how the subject expects the person belonging to these professions to be honest.
• In sentence B, the example of one of the profession is taken.
• Lastly sentence A ends with the question that disturbs the subject.
• Ruskin is concerned about what social pressure can be exerted against a dishonest person.
• Thus, the correct order of the given sentences will be "CDBA."

Hence, the correct answer is option 3.

The correct answer is "BCDA."

Key Points 

• On going through the given sentences, it is clear that the passage is about the subject and her belief.
• Sentence B introduces the story's main character and her belief that she is alone on the planet.
• Sentence C explains the reason for her belief - her parents disappeared.
• Further, sentence D reveals her goal of finding Nevada and living in the Mojave Desert.
• At the end the sentence A adds a twist to the story by revealing that she has relatives waiting for her, of which she is unaware.
• From the above explanation, it is clear that the correct order of the given sentences is BCDA.

Hence, the correct answer is option 4.

The correct answer is "Were the return tickets to Dehradun not bought by you?"

Key Points

• The given sentence is in active form i.e. the action performed by the subject is expressed by the verb.
• Example: She(subject) wrote(verb) a letter(object).
• Now, we follow the following structure in case of active voice interrogative sentences that start with do/does/did:
• Active voice: Do/Does/Did + Doer + Noun/Pronoun + …… ?
• Passive voice: Is/Am/Are/Was/Were + Noun/Pronoun + Preposition + Doer ……. ?
• The sentence is in the interrogative form, so we need to start with the helping verb "were" followed by the subject "the return tickets to Dehradun" and then the past participle of the main verb "bought".
• The object "you" becomes the agent of the passive voice and is introduced with the preposition "by".
• The negative form "not" stays in the same position as in the original sentence.
• Thus, the sentence in passive voice would be: Were the return tickets to Dehradun not bought by you?

Hence, the correct answer is option 4.

The correct answer is "adolosense."

Key Points

• Among the given options, the word "adolosense" is incorrectly spelled.
• The correct spelling of the word is adolescence.
• Adolescence refers to the period of life between childhood and adulthood.
• Example: The age between 10 to 19 is known as adolescence age.
• The word is derived from the Latin word 'adolescere' which means 'to grow up'.
• The correct usage in the sentence would be "She was an introvert since adolescence.

Hence, the correct answer is option 3.

Additional Information

• Option 1 (introvert) is correctly spelled and means a person who is reserved or shy.
• Option 2 (timid) is correctly spelled and means lacking in courage or confidence.
• Option 4 (familiar) is correctly spelled and means well-known or recognized.

The correct answer is "A storm in a teacup".

Key Points 

• "A storm in a teacup" is an idiom that means making a big fuss over a small or unimportant issue.
• Example: It is small issue, but you are making a storm in a tea cup. (तूफान बनाना छोटी सी बात पर)
• In the given sentence, Vennela is exaggerating the importance of a small problem, hence the idiom fits appropriately.
• The idiom is derived from the British phrase "tempest in a teapot", which means the same thing.
• Other synonyms for this idiom include "much ado about nothing" and "making a mountain out of a molehill".
• From the above information, it is clear that the idiom "a storm in a teacup" can substitute the underlined phrase.

Hence, the correct answer is option 4.

Additional Information 

• "Get a taste of your own medicine" means experiencing the same unpleasant treatment that one has given to others. (अपने किये का फल भोगना)
• "Barking up the wrong tree" means pursuing a mistaken or misguided course of action.  (गलत दिशा में प्रयास करना)
• "Add insult to injury" means worsening an already bad situation. (दुःख में दुःख की वृद्धि करना)

The correct answer is "The fire and rescue team was being helped by Mahesh and his team."

Key Points

• In passive voice, the the subject is acted upon by the verb or action in the sentence.
• The structure of sentence in passive voice is: Object+ verb+ subject.
• Now, among the given options: 
• The sentences in option 1, 3 and 4 are grammatically incorrect.
• Option 2 uses the passive voice, which is appropriate for describing an action being done to the subject (in this case, the fire and rescue team).
• The structure of the sentence is "Subject + was/were + being + past participle verb + by object."
• In this case, "the fire and rescue team" is the subject, "was being helped" is the past participle verb in the passive voice, and "by Mahesh and his team" is the object.
• Thus, from the above explanation, it is clear that the correct construction of the given information in passive voice is given in option 2.

Hence, the correct answer is option 2.

The correct answer is "It is a nice party. I am enjoying the party."

Key Points

• We are asked to find out the correct statements among the given sentences.
• Now, let us understand the following points:
• The correct sentence structure is "It is a [adjective] party" and not "It is party" or "It is the party".
• The article "an" is used before words that start with a vowel sound, while "a" is used before words that start with a consonant sound.
• Therefore, "an party" in statement B and statement D is grammatically incorrect.
• In sentence C, the article "a" before the word "party" is missing.
• Thus, sentence A is grammatically correct as it follows the correct sentence structure and uses the correct article.

Hence, the correct answer is option 4.

The correct answer is "Encyclopedia."

Key Points 

• Let us understand the meaning of the given words:
• Encyclopedia is a noun that refers to a book or set of books that provides information on all areas of knowledge.
• Examples of famous encyclopedias include Britannica, World Book, and Wikipedia.
• Dictionary refers to a book that provides definitions of words and their meanings.
• ​Example: They gifted me a dictionary.
• Volume refers to a book that is part of a series or set, or a measure of the amount of space something occupies.
• ​Example: I have read all the volumes of Harry potter.
• Anthology refers to a collection of literary works, such as poems or short stories.
• ​Example: They have just published an anthology of motivational poems.
• ​​From the above explanation, it is clear that the word "encyclopedia" can substitute the given phrase.

Hence, the correct answer is option 1.