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The correct answer is Government bill.

Key Points

• A Government bill is a draft of a legislative proposal introduced in the legislature by a minister or a member of the government.
• These bills represent the policies and legislative agenda of the ruling government and are generally backed by the necessary majority in the legislature.
• Government bills are categorized into two types—Money Bills and Non-Money Bills, depending on their content.
• They are given priority in the legislative process as compared to Private Members' Bills.
• Examples of Government bills include the annual Union Budget, bills proposing economic reforms, and bills related to national security and welfare schemes.

Additional Information

• Minister's Bill
• There is no such specific term as "Minister's bill" in legislative procedures.
• However, government bills are often introduced by ministers, as they are part of the government.
• Since ministers are representatives of the ruling government, any bill introduced by them is referred to as a Government Bill.
• Private Member's Bill
• A Private Member's Bill is introduced by a member of the legislature who is not a minister, i.e., a member of the opposition or a backbencher of the ruling party.
• These bills reflect individual initiatives or specific issues raised by non-ministerial members.
• Private Members' Bills are rarely passed as they often lack the support of the ruling government.
• For example, the Women's Reservation Bill was introduced as a Private Member's Bill.
• Non-Money Bill
• A Non-Money Bill refers to any legislative bill that does not deal with financial matters such as taxation, borrowing, or expenditure.
• Such bills include social, economic, and administrative legislation that does not directly affect the Consolidated Fund of India.
• Examples include bills related to education, employment, or environmental protection.

The correct answer is 24.

Key Points

• Jainism recognizes 24 Tirthankaras (spiritual teachers) who have attained enlightenment and guide others toward liberation.
• The first Tirthankara is Rishabhanatha (Adinatha), who is considered the founder of Jainism.
• The 24^th and last Tirthankara is Mahavira, who lived in the 6^th century BCE and is one of the most well-known figures in Jainism.
• Each Tirthankara is believed to have achieved Kevala Jnana (absolute knowledge) and serves as a role model for spiritual seekers.
• The teachings of the 24 Tirthankaras emphasize non-violence (Ahimsa), truthfulness, and detachment from material possessions.

Additional Information

• Jainism and Tirthankaras:
• Jainism is one of the oldest religions in India and emphasizes spiritual purification through ethical conduct, meditation, and self-discipline.
• The concept of Tirthankaras is central to Jainism; these enlightened beings help establish the fourfold community of monks, nuns, laymen, and laywomen.
• The sacred texts of Jainism, known as Agamas, contain the teachings of Tirthankaras, particularly Mahavira.

The correct answer is Sandeep Sangwan.

Key Points

• Sandeep Sangwan was awarded the Dronacharya Award 2024 in the Regular Category for his exceptional contribution to Indian hockey.
• The Dronacharya Award is one of the most prestigious coaching honors in India, recognizing outstanding coaches who produce medal-winning athletes at international events.
• Sandeep Sangwan is known for his significant role in mentoring and developing young hockey talent in India.
• Under his guidance, several players have achieved notable success at both national and international levels, enhancing India's stature in the sport.
• The Dronacharya Award includes a bronze statue of Dronacharya, a certificate, a ceremonial dress, and a cash prize.

Additional Information

• Baljeet Singh:
• Baljeet Singh is a known hockey figure, but there is no record of him receiving the Dronacharya Award in 2024.
• He has contributed to hockey in other capacities, such as coaching or mentoring at regional levels.
• Harendra Singh:
• Harendra Singh is a former Indian hockey player and an acclaimed coach.
• He has previously coached both the Indian men's and women's national hockey teams, achieving significant success in tournaments like the Junior Hockey World Cup.
• Though a prominent name in Indian hockey, he was not awarded the Dronacharya Award in 2024.
• Dhanraj Pillay:
• Dhanraj Pillay is an iconic former Indian hockey player, known for his exceptional skills and leadership on the field.
• He has represented India in four Olympic Games, World Cups, and Champions Trophy tournaments.
• While he has won several accolades, including the Rajiv Gandhi Khel Ratna Award, he was not considered for the Dronacharya Award in 2024.
• Dronacharya Award:
• The Dronacharya Award was instituted in 1985 by the Government of India to honor coaches for their outstanding work in sports coaching.
• It is named after Dronacharya, the legendary guru of archery from the Indian epic Mahabharata.
• The award recognizes the efforts of coaches who have consistently trained athletes to achieve success at international events like the Olympics, Asian Games, and World Championships.

The correct answer is Mangrove.

Key Points

• The Sundarbans is the largest mangrove forest in the world, spreading across India and Bangladesh.
• Mangrove forests in the Sundarbans thrive in the coastal intertidal zones, where saltwater and freshwater mix.
• The region is home to a variety of flora and fauna, including the famous Royal Bengal Tiger, crocodiles, and numerous fish species.
• Mangroves in the Sundarbans play a critical role in protecting coastal areas from erosion, storm surges, and tsunamis.
• They act as a vital carbon sink, helping in mitigating climate change effects by absorbing carbon dioxide from the atmosphere.

Additional Information

• Evergreen Forests
• Evergreen forests are dense and remain green throughout the year due to the presence of trees that do not shed their leaves seasonally.
• These forests are typically found in tropical regions with high rainfall, such as the Western Ghats in India and the Amazon Rainforest.
• They are characterized by a wide variety of trees like mahogany, rosewood, and rubber.
• Alpine Forests
• Alpine forests are found in high-altitude regions, usually above 2,500 meters, such as the Himalayan range.
• These forests consist of coniferous trees like pine, fir, and spruce, adapted to cold climates and lower oxygen levels.
• Alpine vegetation is sparse and generally transitions into alpine meadows at higher elevations.
• Temperate Forests
• Temperate forests are located in regions with moderate climate, such as parts of Europe, North America, and Asia.
• They are broadly classified into temperate deciduous forests and temperate coniferous forests, depending on the type of trees present.
• These forests are home to trees like oak, maple, and beech, and they experience distinct seasonal changes.

The correct answer is The Australian National University.

Key Points

• The Australian National University (ANU) is one of the leading global institutions in water research and monitoring systems.
• ANU collaborated with prominent global stakeholders to prepare the 2024 Global Water Monitor Report, which focuses on hydrology, water security, and climate impact on water systems.
• The report emphasizes the impact of climate change on global water resources, highlighting areas prone to water scarcity and flood risks.
• ANU’s research team includes experts in climate science, hydrology, and policy development, ensuring a comprehensive approach to water monitoring.
• The Global Water Monitor Report serves as a critical tool for policymakers, researchers, and governments worldwide to address water challenges effectively.

Additional Information

• Indian Institute of Science (IISc):
• Located in Bengaluru, IISc is India’s premier institute for advanced scientific and technological research.
• It has significant contributions in environmental science and water resource management but was not involved in the preparation of the 2024 Global Water Monitor Report.
• Key focus areas at IISc include sustainable water management, climate modeling, and urban water systems.
• Harvard University:
• Harvard University, based in the United States, is a world-renowned institution known for its research in various fields, including environmental science and policy.
• Although Harvard has programs focusing on water sustainability and global challenges, it did not lead the preparation of the 2024 Global Water Monitor Report.
• Harvard’s Water Program emphasizes the intersection of water, health, and climate change.
• University of Oxford:
• Oxford University, based in the United Kingdom, is a leader in global environmental research, including water resource management.
• The university’s Environmental Change Institute focuses on global water challenges, including flooding, droughts, and governance.

Given:

Decimal number = 0.12

Formula used:

Percentage = Decimal × 100

Calculation:

⇒ 0.12 × 100

⇒ 12

∴ The percentage form of 0.12 is 12%.

The logic followed here is:

Option 1) Lily → Type of flower

Option 2) Lotus → Type of flower

Option 3) Rose → Type of flower

Option 4) Grapes → Type of fruits

Hence, "Option 4" is the correct answer.

The correct answer is Oslo.

Key Points

• Oslo is the capital city of Norway, located on the southern coast at the head of the Oslofjord.
• The city serves as the economic, cultural, and political hub of Norway.
• It is known for its green spaces and museums, such as the Viking Ship Museum, which houses well-preserved Viking ships.
• Oslo is one of the fastest-growing cities in Europe and is ranked high in terms of quality of life and sustainability.
• The city is also known for being the home of the Nobel Peace Prize ceremony, held annually in the Oslo City Hall.

Additional Information

• Podgorica
• Podgorica is the capital and largest city of Montenegro, located in the southeastern part of Europe.
• The city is known for its modern architecture and proximity to scenic landscapes, such as Lake Skadar and the Dinaric Alps.
• It serves as the administrative and economic hub of Montenegro.
• Windhoek
• Windhoek is the capital and largest city of Namibia, located in southern Africa.
• The city is situated in the central part of the country, surrounded by the Khomas Highland plateau.
• It is known for its colonial German architecture, such as the Christuskirche, and its role as Namibia’s political and economic center.
• Manila
• Manila is the capital city of the Philippines, situated on the eastern shore of Manila Bay.
• The city is known for its rich history, being a prominent center for trade and politics during the Spanish colonial period.
• Manila is home to landmarks such as the Intramuros, a walled city dating back to the Spanish era, and Rizal Park, a historical urban park.

The correct answer is To sit near someone.

Key Points

• The literal meaning of the word 'Upanishad' is “to sit near someone,” which signifies the tradition of disciples sitting near their teacher to learn spiritual knowledge.
• The term originates from the Sanskrit words "upa" (near), "ni" (down), and "shad" (to sit), denoting the act of receiving knowledge while seated close to the teacher.
• Upanishads are ancient Indian texts that form the philosophical core of Hinduism and discuss profound spiritual truths and metaphysical concepts.
• These texts emphasize self-realization, the nature of ultimate reality (Brahman), and the relationship between the individual soul (Atman) and the universal soul.
• The Upanishads are considered the concluding part of the Vedas, commonly referred to as Vedanta, and contain teachings aimed at attaining liberation (Moksha).

Additional Information

• Core Concepts:
• Brahman & Ātman: The universe is a manifestation of Brahman (the Supreme Reality), and the true Self within each person (Ātman) is one with Brahman.
• Moksha (Liberation): Freedom from samsara (birth, death, rebirth) by realizing the unity of Ātman and Brahman, leading to eternal peace and joy.
• Karma: The universal law where every action (karma) dictates future experiences and destiny.
• Maya (Illusion): The world of appearances, which obscures the true nature of reality and keeps people bound to illusion.

The correct answer is 2013.

Key Points

• India's Mars Orbiter Mission (MOM), also known as Mangalyaan, was launched on 5^th November 2013 by the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO).
• The mission was launched aboard the Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle (PSLV-C25) from Satish Dhawan Space Centre, Sriharikota.
• Mangalyaan was India's first interplanetary mission and made India the fourth space agency to reach Mars after NASA, the Soviet Space Program, and the European Space Agency.
• The orbiter entered Mars' orbit on 24^th September 2014, successfully completing its journey of 300 days.
• Mangalyaan aimed to study the Martian atmosphere, monitor methane levels, and explore surface features using scientific payloads such as the Mars Colour Camera (MCC).

Additional Information

• The Mars Orbiter Mission was primarily designed to demonstrate ISRO's capability to design, plan, and execute interplanetary missions.
• The mission cost was remarkably low at approximately ₹450 crore (USD 74 million), making it one of the most cost-effective Mars missions globally.
• Mangalyaan represents India’s technological progress and contributes to global space exploration research.
• Its success positioned India as a key player in space exploration.