English Comprehension PYQs

The correct answer is option 4.

 Key Points

• Part D of the sentence i.e. "balance during sound asleep" is erroneous.
• The word "asleep" should be replaced with "sleep" to make the sentence grammatically correct.
• The word "asleep" is an adjective used to describe a person or thing that is sleeping, while "sleep" is a noun referring to the state of being asleep. In this context, the sentence discusses the process of getting a proper amount of sleep, so "sleep" should be used as a noun to convey the intended meaning.
• Hence, the correct answer is D.
• The correct sentence would be: "Get seven to eight hours of uninterrupted sleep for healing and restoring your body's balance during sound sleep."

 

Additional InformationLet's understand the difference between "sleep" and "asleep" in detail:

• "Sleep" (नींद) is a noun or verb referring to the natural state of rest in which the body and mind become inactive, typically at night. While "Asleep" ( सोया हुआ) is an adjective describing the state of being in sleep or unconsciousness.
• For Example:
• After a long day, I needed a good night's sleep to recharge.
• She fell asleep as soon as her head hit the pillow.

The correct answer is option 3.

Key Points

• Part C of the sentence i.e. "there can't be no future" is erroneous.
• The double negative "can't be no" creates a positive statement, which is not the intended meaning. To make the sentence grammatically correct and convey the intended meaning, we should replace "can't be no" with "can be no." This change clarifies that unless children relish millets, there cannot be a future for these ancient grains.
• Hence, the correct answer is C.
• The correct sentence would be: "Children are our future and unless they relish millets, there can be no future for these ancient grains."

 

Additional Information

• Let's understand the concept of double negatives:
• In English grammar, double negatives occur when two negative elements, like "not" and "no," are used in a sentence, cancelling each other out and creating a positive meaning. This can lead to confusion or incorrect statements.
• For Example:
• I don't want no pizza. (Incorrect because of double negatives)
• I don't want any pizza. (Correct sentence)

The correct answer is option 1.

 Key Points

• Part A of the sentence i.e. "by the time he will finish" is erroneous.
• The phrase "he will finish" is in the future tense, but the context of the sentence requires the future perfect tense to indicate an action that will be completed before a specific point in the future. Therefore, "he will finish" should be replaced with "he finishes" to make the sentence grammatically correct.
• Hence, the correct answer is A.
• The correct sentence would be: "By the time he finishes his PhD in astrophysics, he will have been studying celestial phenomena for a decade."

The correct answer is option 4.

 Key Points

• Part D of the sentence i.e. "about what they chose to own" is erroneous.
• The verb "chose" is in the past tense, which is not consistent with the present tense used earlier in the sentence ("Young collectors are"). To maintain grammatical consistency, the past tense verb "chose" should be replaced with the present tense verb "choose."
• Hence, the correct answer is D.
• The correct sentence would be: "Young collectors are very open, not focused only on the canvas, and are curious about what they choose to own."

The correct answer is option 3.

 Key Points

• Part C of the sentence i.e. "of mental illness within" is erroneous.
• The preposition "of" should be replaced with "in" to make the sentence grammatically correct.
• The preposition "of" should be replaced with "in" to make the sentence grammatically correct. In this context, the noun "increase" should take the preposition "in" after it, as it denotes a specific period during which the increase occurred.
• Hence, the correct answer is C.
• The correct sentence would be: "The Indian Psychiatric Society reported a 20% increase in mental illness within one week of the lockdown."

The correct answer is option 3.

 Key Points

• Part C of the sentence, i.e., "how freshly they are," is erroneous.
• The word "freshly" is an adverb, and in this context, it should be replaced with the adjective "fresh" to make the sentence grammatically correct.
• "Fresh" is an adjective used to describe a noun (e.g., fresh food), while "freshly" is an adverb used to describe a verb, adjective, or another adverb (e.g., freshly baked bread, she cut the vegetables freshly). 
• For Example:
• I bought some fresh vegetables for dinner tonight.
• She just baked a loaf of freshly made bread.
• Hence, the correct answer is C.
• The correct sentence would be: "I am particular about where the ingredients are sourced from, how fresh they are, and their flavour."

The correct answer is No rearrangement required.

Key Points

• Authorities**:** officials or the people in charge
• Ensuring**:** make sure

Important Points

We may consider A, B, and C to be three blanks. A is the first blank, B is the second, and C is the third.

• The subject is acted upon by the verb. Hence, the past participle form of the verb('verb³') should be chosen for the first blank. Thus, the correct choice is 'known'.
• The word 'authorities' is appropriate for the second blank because the civic officials of the country had to deal with a difficult situation.
• The word 'ensuring' is appropriate for the third blank because it is the duty of the civic officials to observe and make sure that social distancing was properly maintained.

The correct answer is No rearrangement required.

Key Points

• Concern**:** worry or issue
• Economy**:** financial state or system
• Monetary**:** financial

Important Points

We may consider A, B, and C to be three blanks. A is the first blank, B is the second, and C is the third.

• The word 'concern' is appropriate for the first blank. The word 'key' is an adjective and it is describing the noun 'concern'. Thus, the correct choice is 'concern'.
• The word 'economy' is appropriate for the second blank. The given sentence is about an issue regarding the Indian economy. Hence, the correct choice is 'economy'.
• The word 'monetary' is appropriate for the third blank because the phrase 'monetary' is an adjective and appropriately used to describe the noun 'policy'.

The correct answer is CAB.

Key Points

• Determined**:** discovered or found out
• Probably**:** almost certainly
• Investigations**:** systematic examination

Important Points

We may consider A, B, and C to be three blanks. A is the first blank, B is the second, and C is the third.

• A noun is required for the first blank because the word 'Archaeological' is an adjective. The word 'investigations' is a noun and it is appropriate for the first blank.
• A verb is needed for the second blank because we should mention what was found out by the investigations. Hence, the correct choice is 'determined'.
• The word 'probably' is suitable for the third blank because an approximate timescale is given. Therefore, 'probably' is the correct choice.

The correct sentence will be: Archaeological investigations carried out in 2005-06 determined that the hard-surfaced track is medieval in date and was probably laid during the early to the mid-14^th century.

The correct answer is 'intermediaries'.

Key Points

• The passage is about 'Depository Participants'.
• Let us read the following sentence carefully: "They are the ____(1)____between the depository and the investors."
• From the above sentence, we can understand that we should find out a term that will inform the role of a depository participant.
• The word 'intermediary' means 'a mediator or a person who acts as a link between people'.
• A 'Depository Participant' acts as a link between the 'depository' and 'the investors'.
• So, the word 'intermediaries' is the correct word for the blank 1.

The correct sentence is: They are the intermediaries between the depository and the investors.

Additional Information

The meaning of the other given words:

• customers: buyers
• patrons: a person who gives financial or other supports or a sponsor
• arrangement: the process of arranging
• subordinates: lower in rank

The correct answer is 'governed'.

Key Points

• The passage is about 'Depository Participants'.
• Let us read the following sentence carefully: "The relationship between the DPs and the depository is (2) by an agreement made between the two under the Depositories Act."
• From the given sentence, we can understand that an agreement was made to control the relationship between the DPs and the depository.
• The meaning of the word 'governed' is 'controlled'.
• Hence, the correct word for blank no 2 is 'governed'.

So the correct sentence is: The relationship between the DPs and the depository is governed by an agreement made between the two under the Depositories Act.

Additional Information

The meaning of the other given words:

• cooperated: worked together
• impeded: delayed
• encouraged: supported
• accelerated: increased in rate

The correct answer is 'registered'.

Key Points

• The passage is about 'Depository Participants'.
• Let us read the following sentence carefully: "In a strictly legal sense, a DP is an entity who is (3) as such with SEBI under the SEBI Act."
• From the above sentence, we can understand that SEBI is aware of the DPs.
• The word 'registered' means 'recorded or to put information into an official list'.
• Therefore, the correct word for blank no 3 is 'registered'.

So the correct sentence is: In a strictly legal sense, a DP is an entity who is registered as such with SEBI under the SEBI Act.

Additional Information

The meaning of the other given words:

• Purchased: bought
• Adjusted: became accustomed
• Appreciated: admired
• Abrupt: sudden

The correct answer is 'services'.

Key Points

• The passage is about 'Depository Participants'.
• Let us read the following sentence carefully: "As per the provisions of this Act, a DP can offer depository-related (4)"
• From the given sentence, we can guess that a DP can offer 'depository related' services or facilities.
• The word 'services' is the correct word for blank no 4.

So the correct sentence is: As per the provisions of this Act, a DP can offer depository-related services

Additional Information

The meaning of the other given words:

• products: commodity or goods
• suggestions: proposals or ideas
• requests: appeal or plea
• reserves: retain for future use

The correct answer is 'obtaining'.

Key Points

• The passage is about 'Depository Participants'.
• Let us read the following sentence carefully: As per the provisions of this Act, a DP can offer depository-related ____(4)____only after (5) a certificate of registration from SEBI.
• We have already found the word 'services' for blank no 4. So, from the given sentence we can say that a DP can offer services after receiving a certificate from SEBI.
• The meaning of the word 'obtaining' is 'getting or securing'.
• So, the correct word for blank no 5 is 'obtaining'.

The correct sentence is: As per the provisions of this Act, a DP can offer depository-related services only after obtaining a certificate of registration from SEBI.

Additional Information

The meaning of the other given words:

• relinquishing: to give up
• keeping: retaining
• allowing: to give someone permission to
• recuperating: recovering

The correct answer is 'interacts'.

Key Points

• The passage is about 'Depository Participants'.
• Let us read the following sentence carefully: Depository (6) with its investors through its agents, called Depository Participants.
• From the given sentence, we can understand that the agents help to communicate the investors with the depository.
• The meaning of the word 'interacts' is 'communicates'.
• So, the correct word for blank 6 is 'interacts'.

The correct sentence is: Depository interacts with its investors through its agents, called Depository Participants.

Additional Information

The meaning of the other given words:

• socializes: to participate in social activities
• amalgamates: to merge or combine
• argues: to disagree
• squabbles: to quarrel

The correct answer is 'No change required.'

Key Points

• The given sentence talks about a woman who would not agree to date someone who's laborious chasing her.
• Let us explore the meaning of the highlighted words:
• Rigorous - Done very carefully and with great attention to detail. (बहुत सावधानी और बारीकी से किया गया; परिशुद्घ)
• Pursuit - The action of trying to achieve or get something. (कुछ पाने की कोशिश)
• Agree - To say yes to something. (किसी बात के लिए ‘हाँ’ करना; हामी भरना)
• Date - An arrangement to meet somebody, especially a boyfriend or girlfriend. (किसी से भेंट करने की व्‍यवस्‍था विशेषतः पुरूष-मित्र या महिला-मित्र)
• Thus, no change is required in the sentence.

Hence, the correct answer is option 5.

Correct Sentence: No matter how rigorous he was in his pursuit, the woman would not agree to date him.

The correct answer is 'B-D.'

Key Points

• The given sentence talks about a careless woman who foolishly never bothered about getting robbed when she walked alone at night.
• Let us explore the meaning of the highlighted words:
• Unwary - Not cautious of possible dangers or problems. (असावधान)
• Robbed - To take money, property, etc. from a person or place illegally. (किसी व्‍यक्ति या स्‍थान से पैसा आदि लूटना)
• Worried - Thinking that something bad might happen or has happened. (चिंतित, फ़िक्रमंद)
• Naively - In a way that shows a lack of experience, wisdom, or judgement. (भोलेपन से)
• Thus, (B) and (D) must be interchanged.

Hence, the correct answer is option 2.

Correct Sentence: The unwary woman naively never worried about getting robbed when she walked alone at night.

The correct answer is 'C-D.'

Key Points

• The given sentence talks about a heartbroken woman who was surprised by her husband's disloyalty and couldn’t believe that the man she regarded as truthful had been having a year-long relationship with someone else.
• Let us explore the meaning of the highlighted words:
• Shocked - Surprised and upset. (आहत)
• Betrayal - An action that breaks someone’s trust or is considered disloyal. (विश्‍वासघात)
• Affair - A relationship between two people, one or both of whom are married to or in a long-term relationship with someone else. (दो लोगों के बीच का रिश्ता, जिनमें से एक या दोनों शादीशुदा हैं या किसी और के साथ दीर्घकालिक रिश्ते में हैं)
• Trusted - Regarded as reliable or truthful. (विश्‍वास या भरोसा करना)
• Thus, (C) and (D) must be interchanged.

Hence, the correct answer is option 4.

Correct Sentence: Shocked by her husband’s betrayal, the heartbroken woman couldn’t believe that the man she trusted had been having a year-long affair.

The correct answer is 'A-C.'

Key Points

• The given sentence talks about the jury who refused to accept the attorney's opinion or conclusion about the defendant’s intention because of a lack of proof or confirmation.
• Let us explore the meaning of the highlighted words:
• Conjecture - An opinion or conclusion formed based on incomplete information. (प्रमाण-रहित अनुमान)
• Rejected - To refuse to accept somebody or something. (व्‍यकि्त या वस्‍तु को अस्‍वीकार करना)
• Motive - A reason for doing something. (प्रयोजन, इरादा)
• Evidence - The facts, signs, etc. that make you believe that something is true. (सबूत, साक्ष्‍य, गवाही)
• Thus, (A) and (C) must be interchanged.

Hence, the correct answer is option 3.

Correct Sentence: The jury rejected the attorney’s conjecture about the defendant’s motive because of a lack of evidence.

The correct answer is 'A-D.'

Key Points

• The given sentence talks about the lawyer who asked the judge why his sentence was not fair, but unfortunately it did not influence the man.
• Let us explore the meaning of the highlighted words:
• Sway - To influence somebody. (किसी को प्रभावित करना, अपने से सहमत कराना)
• Unjust - Not fair or deserved. (अनुचित या अन्‍यायपूर्ण)
• Unfortunately - In a way or to a degree that is unfortunate or unlucky. (दुर्भाग्य से)
• Appeal - To make a serious, urgent, or heartfelt request. (औपचारिक रूप से अनुरोध करना; निवेदन या याचना करना)
• Thus, (A) and (D) must be interchanged.

Hence, the correct answer is option 1.

Correct Sentence: My lawyer made an appeal to the judge as to why my sentence was unfair and unjust, but unfortunately it did not sway the man.