Reasoning PYQs

Names given: M, N, O, P, Q, R, S, and T.

Floors given: 1 (bottom floor) to 8 (top floor)

1. R stays on the only even prime numbered floor.

(The only even prime number is 2, so R stays on the second floor).

2. Q stays on floor 5.

3. S stays just below Q.

4. N stays on one of the floors which is below floor 4.

(As, R is already on floor 2, N can be on floor 1 or floor 3. So, we have two cases. Case 1: when N is on floor 3, and Case 2: when N is on floor 1).

Case 1: when N is on floor 3

Case 2: when N is on floor 1

5. Three persons stay between N and T.

(As, Q is already on floor 5, statement 5 cannot be arranged in case 2, so we can eliminate case 2).

6. O stays two floors above M.

(The only floors which satisfy the statement 6 are floor 8 and floor 6, so M stays on floor 6 and O stays on floor 8).

As, the only person left is P and the only floor left is floor 1, P will be on floor 1.

Hence, the final arrangement will be as follows:

Hence, M stays on the sixth floor.

Names given: M, N, O, P, Q, R, S, and T.

Floors given: 1 (bottom floor) to 8 (top floor)

1. R stays on the only even prime numbered floor.

(The only even prime number is 2, so R stays on the second floor).

2. Q stays on floor 5.

3. S stays just below Q.

4. N stays on one of the floors which is below floor 4.

(As, R is already on floor 2, N can be on floor 1 or floor 3. So, we have two cases. Case 1: when N is on floor 3, and Case 2: when N is on floor 1).

Case 1: when N is on floor 3

Case 2: when N is on floor 1

5. Three persons stay between N and T.

(As, Q is already on floor 5, statement 5 cannot be arranged in case 2, so we can eliminate case 2).

6. O stays two floors above M.

(The only floors which satisfy the statement 6 are floor 8 and floor 6, so M stays on floor 6 and O stays on floor 8).

As, the only person left is P and the only floor left is floor 1, P will be on floor 1.

Hence, the final arrangement will be as follows:

Hence, four persons are staying between P and M.

Names given: M, N, O, P, Q, R, S, and T.

Floors given: 1 (bottom floor) to 8 (top floor)

1. R stays on the only even prime numbered floor.

(The only even prime number is 2, so R stays on the second floor).

2. Q stays on floor 5.

3. S stays just below Q.

4. N stays on one of the floors which is below floor 4.

(As, R is already on floor 2, N can be on floor 1 or floor 3. So, we have two cases. Case 1: when N is on floor 3, and Case 2: when N is on floor 1).

Case 1: when N is on floor 3

Case 2: when N is on floor 1

5. Three persons stay between N and T.

(As, Q is already on floor 5, statement 5 cannot be arranged in case 2, so we can eliminate case 2).

6. O stays two floors above M.

(The only floors which satisfy the statement 6 are floor 8 and floor 6, so M stays on floor 6 and O stays on floor 8).

As, the only person left is P and the only floor left is floor 1, P will be on floor 1.

Hence, the final arrangement will be as follows:

Hence, T stays two floors above the floor of Q.

Names given: M, N, O, P, Q, R, S, and T.

Floors given: 1 (bottom floor) to 8 (top floor)

1. R stays on the only even prime numbered floor.

(The only even prime number is 2, so R stays on the second floor).

2. Q stays on floor 5.

3. S stays just below Q.

4. N stays on one of the floors which is below floor 4.

(As, R is already on floor 2, N can be on floor 1 or floor 3. So, we have two cases. Case 1: when N is on floor 3, and Case 2: when N is on floor 1).

Case 1: when N is on floor 3

Case 2: when N is on floor 1

5. Three persons stay between N and T.

(As Q is already on floor 5, statement 5 cannot be arranged in case 2, so we can eliminate case 2).

6. O stays two floors above M.

(The only floors which satisfy statement 6 are floor 8 and floor 6, so M stays on floor 6 and O stays on floor 8).

As the only person left is P and the only floor left is floor 1, P will be on floor 1.

Hence, the final arrangement will be as follows:

In all the options the second person is immediately above the first person, but S is not immediately above R.

Hence, R, S is different from the other options.

Names given: M, N, O, P, Q, R, S, and T.

Floors given: 1 (bottom floor) to 8 (top floor)

1. R stays on the only even prime numbered floor.

(The only even prime number is 2, so R stays on the second floor).

2. Q stays on floor 5.

3. S stays just below Q.

4. N stays on one of the floors which is below floor 4.

(As, R is already on floor 2, N can be on floor 1 or floor 3. So, we have two cases. Case 1: when N is on floor 3, and Case 2: when N is on floor 1).

Case 1: when N is on floor 3

Case 2: when N is on floor 1

5. Three persons stay between N and T.

(As, Q is already on floor 5, statement 5 cannot be arranged in case 2, so we can eliminate case 2).

6. O stays two floors above M.

(The only floors which satisfy the statement 6 are floor 8 and floor 6, so M stays on floor 6 and O stays on floor 8).

As, the only person left is P and the only floor left is floor 1, P will be on floor 1.

Hence, the final arrangement will be as follows:

Hence, N – floor 4 is incorrect.

Concept:

The either-or case for 2 elements A and B is used if any one of the following conditions is satisfied:

1. When the two conclusions, A < B and A ≥ B, are false, and a definite relationship cannot be established using the given information. Here, we have A < B or A > B, or A = B
2. When the two conclusions, A > B and A ≤ B, are false, and a definite relationship cannot be established using the given information. Here, we have A < B or A > B, or A = B
3. When the two conclusions, A > B and A < B, are false, and a definite relationship cannot be established using the given information. Also, it is already clear from the given information that A ≠ B. Here, we have A < B or A > B, and A ≠ B

Explanation:

**Given

Statements:

** T ≥ D, T ≥ K, Z = K

On combining we get, Z = K ≤ T ≥ D

Conclusions:

I. D > Z → False (As we can see that Z = K ≤ T ≥ D, here the relation between D and Z cannot be determined. So, D < Z is false)

II. Z ≥ D → False (As we can see that Z = K ≤ T ≥ D, here the relation between D and Z cannot be determined. So, Z ≥ D is false)

Here, both the conclusions are individually false, all the conclusions have common terms and three operators are used.

Z can be equal to, greater than, or smaller than D.

⇒ Z < D or Z > D, or Z = D

• Here, point 2 of the above-mentioned concept is satisfied. So, the either-or condition is applicable.
• Hence, either I or II follows.

Mistake Points

D > Z is the same as Z < D.

Given statement,

Y ≥ D < F = R > L < X

Conclusions:

I. X < F → False (As we can see that F = R > L < X, here relation between X and F cannot be determined. So, X < F is false)

II. R > D → True (As we can see that D < F = R, so R > D is true)

Hence, only II follows.

Given

Statements:

A ≥ X < S = T > W ≤ Y, O > V < X

Conclusions:

I. A > O → False (A ≥ X > V < O, no relationship between A and O can be determined)

II. V < T → True (O > V < X < S = T → V < T)

Hence, Only Conclusion II follows.

The least possible Venn diagram for the given statements is as follows

Conclusions:

All public can never be black → False (It is possible but not definite)

All city are public → False (It is possible but not definite)

Some black are metro  → True (As all metro are black)

Hence, Only III follows.

The least possible Venn diagram for the given statements is as follows

Conclusions:

Some sticks are pant → False (It is possible but not definite)

Some sticks are shirts → False (It is possible but not definite)

Some top are shirt → True (All shirts are pant and all pant are top)

Hence, Only III follows.

The least possible Venn diagram for the given statements is as follows

Conclusion:

I. A few tubes are bulbs → True ( As tubes which are LED will also be the bulb )

II. Some lights are LEDs → False ( As there is no relation given between the lights and LEDs )

III. Some lights are not LEDs →False ( As there is no relation given between the lights ans LEDs )

Hence, Only I follows.​  

Important Points 

Conditions of Either-or case:

1. The elements should be same in both statements.
2. Individually both the conclusions should be false.
3. One conclusion should be positive and one conclusion should be negative (Complementary pair).

The two complementary pairs are only when either or case will be applied :

1. All + Some not

2. No + Some

Note: 'Some + Some not' is not a complimentary pair.

'Either or case' is true when only one of either conditions is true. But in the case of 'Some + some not' both the conditions can be true at the same time, hence the given answer is absolutely correct.

The least possible Venn diagram for the given statements is as follows

Conclusions:

I. Some chewing gums can never be chips → False ( as it is given that only a few chips are chewing gums, nothing is given about chewing gums)

II. Some candies can never be chewing gums → False (as all candies can be chewing gums)

III. Some cones can never be candies → True ( as it is given that one a few cones are candies that implies that some cones are not candies)

Hence, only conclusion III follow

Drawn the figure according to the information given in the question.

Hence,  From the above diagram the distance between G and F is 1m.

Drawn the figure according to the information given in the question.

Hence,  From the above diagram E is in North-East direction with respect to A.

Drawn the figure according to the information given in the question.

By using Pythagoras Theorem

AE² = EC² + AC²

AE2 = 112 + 102

AE2 = 121 + 100

AE = √221

Hence,  From the above diagram the shortest distance between A and E is √221.

Person: P, Q, R, S, T, U, V, and W

1). P is sitting two places away from T but third from the right of R.

It means P is sitting next to next of T and third to the right of R.

2). R is not the immediate neighbour of S.

R and S are not sitting next to each other.

3). Only three people sit between S and T.

We can also say that S is sitting fourth from T.

(Case II  eliminates because R is not the immediate neighbour of S )

4). S is not an immediate neighbour of Q.

5). T is not an immediate neighbour of U.

6). W is sitting second to R.

W is sitting next to next of R.

7). Q is sitting third to the right of U.

8). Only one person sits between U and V.

9). Q and W are not the immediate neighbours.

Hence, there are four people sitting between P and V when counted from the left of P.

Confusion Points

1). When we say two places away then the first places and the next place where the person will be sitting is counted.

2). When we say 3 places away then the very next place will be counted as first then next to it will be second and the next place will be third and the person will be sitting on that very place.

Person: P, Q, R, S, T, U, V, and W

1). P is sitting two places away from T but third from the right of R.

It means P is sitting next to next of T and third to the right of R.

2). R is not the immediate neighbour of S.

R and S are not sitting next to each other.

3). Only three people sit between S and T.

We can also say that S is sitting fourth from T.

(Case II  eliminates because R is not the immediate neighbour of S )

4). S is not an immediate neighbour of Q.

5). T is not an immediate neighbour of U.

6). W is sitting second to R.

W is sitting next to next of R.

7). Q is sitting third to the right of U.

8). Only one person sits between U and V.

9). Q and W are not the immediate neighbours.

Hence, P and T are immediate neighbours of W.

Confusion Points

1). When we say two places away then the first places and the next place where the person will be sitting is counted.

2). When we say 3 places away then the very next place will be counted as first then next to it will be second and the next place will be third and the person will be sitting on that very place.

Person: P, Q, R, S, T, U, V, and W

1). P is sitting two places away from T but third from the right of R.

It means P is sitting next to next of T and third to the right of R.

2). R is not the immediate neighbour of S.

R and S are not sitting next to each other.

3). Only three people sit between S and T.

We can also say that S is sitting fourth from T.

(Case II  eliminates because R is not the immediate neighbour of S )

4). S is not an immediate neighbour of Q.

5). T is not an immediate neighbour of U.

6). W is sitting second to R.

W is sitting next to next of R.

7). Q is sitting third to the right of U.

8). Only one person sits between U and V.

9). Q and W are not the immediate neighbours.

Hence, U is sitting exactly between Q and T.

Confusion Points

1). When we say two places away then the first places and the next place where the person will be sitting is counted.

2). When we say 3 places away then the very next place will be counted as first then next to it will be second and the next place will be third and the person will be sitting on that very place.

Person: P, Q, R, S, T, U, V, and W

1). P is sitting two places away from T but third from the right of R.

It means P is sitting next to next of T and third to the right of R.

2). R is not the immediate neighbour of S.

R and S are not sitting next to each other.

3). Only three people sit between S and T.

We can also say that S is sitting fourth from T.

(Case II  eliminates because R is not the immediate neighbour of S )

4). S is not an immediate neighbour of Q.

5). T is not an immediate neighbour of U.

6). W is sitting second to R.

W is sitting next to next of R.

7). Q is sitting third to the right of U.

8). Only one person sits between U and V.

9). Q and W are not the immediate neighbours.

Hence, S is sitting third to the left of R.

Confusion Points

1). When we say two places away then the first places and the next place where the person will be sitting is counted.

2). When we say 3 places away then the very next place will be counted as first then next to it will be second and the next place will be third and the person will be sitting on that very place.

Person: P, Q, R, S, T, U, V, and W

1). P is sitting two places away from T but third from the right of R.

It means P is sitting next to next of T and third to the right of R.

2). R is not the immediate neighbour of S.

R and S are not sitting next to each other.

3). Only three people sit between S and T.

We can also say that S is sitting fourth from T.

(Case II  eliminates because R is not the immediate neighbour of S )

4). S is not an immediate neighbour of Q.

5). T is not an immediate neighbour of U.

6). W is sitting second to R.

W is sitting next to next of R.

7). Q is sitting third to the right of U.

8). Only one person sits between U and V.

9). Q and W are not the immediate neighbours.

Hence, Five people are sitting between R and W when counted from the left of R.

Confusion Points

1). When we say two places away then the first places and the next place where the person will be sitting is counted.

2). When we say 3 places away then the very next place will be counted as first then next to it will be second and the next place will be third and the person will be sitting on that very place.