English Comprehension PYQs

The correct answer is Option 1.

 

Key Points

• Statement A: The villagers remained sceptical even after the success of Mr. Verma and Meera's farming methods.
• This statement is incorrect because the passage indicates that the villagers’ scepticism was replaced by amazement and acceptance after seeing the success of Mr. Verma and Meera's farming methods.
• Statement B: The agricultural committee awarded Mr. Verma and Meera for their work.
• This statement is correct as it accurately reflects the context provided in the passage.
• Statement C: The renewed soil fertility created a harmonious ecological balance.
• This statement is correct as it aligns with the information provided in the passage.
• Hence, the statement A is identified as incorrect in the context of the passage.

Therefore, the correct answer is: ‘Only A’.

The correct answer is 'revitalized'.

 

Key Points

• The word "revitalized" means to imbue something with new life and vitality. (नवजीवन प्रदान करना)
• In the context of the passage, "revitalized" appropriately describes transforming the once-depleted earth into a thriving bed of life.
• The other options: "diminished," "eroded," "displaced," and "contaminated" do not fit the context as appropriately as they imply negative outcomes.

​Therefore, the correct answer is 'Option 2'.

Complete Sentence: This persistent and dedicated approach revitalized the once-depleted earth into a thriving bed of life.

Additional Information

• Diminished (घटाया हुआ): means to make or become less.
• Eroded (क्षीण): means gradually worn away.
• Displaced (विस्थापित): means moved from the usual or proper place.
• Contaminated (प्रदूषित): means made impure or unclean.

The correct answer is: Option 2 i.e., 'Endure'.

Key Points

• The word "persist" means to continue firmly or obstinately in an opinion or a course of action despite difficulty or opposition. (अवस्थित रहना)
• Example: Despite the obstacles, he persisted in his studies and eventually graduated with honors.
• "Endure" refers to suffering something painful or difficult patiently or remaining in existence. (सहन करना)
• Example: Soldiers had to endure long hours and harsh conditions during the battle.
• Hence, 'endure' is similar in meaning to 'persist'.

Therefore, the correct answer is: Option 2 i.e., 'Endure'.

Additional Information

Here are the other options explained along with their Hindi meanings and example sentences:

• Cease (रोकना): To bring or come to an end.
• Example: The factory had to cease operations due to the severe storm.
• Terminate (समाप्त करना): To bring to a conclusion or end.
• Example: The contract was terminated due to a breach of terms.
• Conclude (समाप्त करना): To bring to an end.
• Example: The conference will conclude with a keynote speech.
• Surrender (आत्मसमर्पण करना): To give up or yield to the power, control, or possession of another.
• Example: The enemy was forced to surrender after a long battle.

The correct answer is: Option 2 i.e., 'Seep'.

Key Points

• The word "percolate" means gradually filter through a porous surface or substance. (रिसना)
• Example: The coffee slowly percolated through the filter.
• "Seep" means to flow or pass slowly through small openings. (रिसना)
• Example: Water began to seep through the cracks in the basement wall.
• Hence, the word "percolate" is closest in meaning to "seep."

Therefore, the correct answer is: Option 2 i.e., 'Seep'.

Additional Information

Here are the other options explained along with their Hindi meanings and example sentences:

• Block (अवरोधित करना): To prevent movement through something.
• Example: The road was blocked due to the fallen tree.
• Halt (रोकना): To stop or cause to stop.
• Example: The guard called to halt the progress of the vehicle.
• Contain (समाहित करना): To hold or include within.
• Example: The bottle contains water.
• Accumulate (संचय करना): To gather or collect, often in gradual degrees.
• Example: Dust accumulated on the shelves over time.

The correct answer is 'DACB'.

Key Points

• Part D will be the first sentence of the sequence because it introduces the topic of India's defining geological processes that began 75 million years ago.
• Part A will come after D as it gives information about the Indian Plate, then part of the southern supercontinent Gondwana 75 million years ago.
• Part C will come after A as it gives information about the Indian Plate that it began a north-eastward drift caused by seafloor spreading.
• Part 'B' is the concluding or last part as it concludes by giving information about the directions of the drift that is to its southwest, and later, south and south-east.

Hence, the correct answer is option 3.

Correct Sentence: India's defining geological processes began 75 million years ago when the Indian Plate, then part of the southern supercontinent Gondwana, began a north-eastward drift caused by seafloor spreading to its south-west, and later, south and south-east.

Important Points

• Important Rules to Solve the Sentence Jumbles:
• Read the sentences attentively and try to comprehend the idea or theme of the sentences.
• Try to identify the opening and closing sentences.
• Try to identify the mandatory pairs. Two sentences can be connected through various connectors and other determinants.

The correct answer is 'CBDA'.

Key Points

• Part C will be the first sentence of the sequence because it introduces the topic of the Sudanese Army saying it was attacked by the RSF.
• Part B will come after C as it gives information about where the Sudanese Army is being attacked by the RSF.
• Part D will come after B as it gives information about how the Sudanese Army reacted to the attack i.e. they had repelled the attack inflicting "heavy losses" on the RSF.
• Part 'A' is the concluding or last part as it concludes by giving information about the ''heavy losses'' of the RSF i.e. the RSF abandoned 24 vehicles.

Hence, the correct answer is option 2.

Correct Sentence: The Sudanese Army said it was attacked by the RSF at its general command headquarters, but had repelled the attack, inflicting "heavy losses" on the RSF, which had reportedly abandoned 24 vehicles.

Important Points

• Important Rules to Solve the Sentence Jumbles:
• Read the sentences attentively and try to comprehend the idea or theme of the sentences.
• Try to identify the opening and closing sentences.
• Try to identify the mandatory pairs. Two sentences can be connected through various connectors and other determinants.

The correct answer is 'E' i.e. this part of the sentence has no error.

Key Points

• The sentence is errorless.
• We make the third conditional by using the past perfect after 'if' and then 'would have' and the past participle in the second part of the sentence:
• If + past perfect, ...would + have + past participle.
• It talks about the past. It's used to describe a situation that didn't happen, and to imagine the result of this situation.
• Ex: If she had studied, she would have passed the exam. (but, really we know she didn't study and so she didn't pass)

Additional Information

Conditional sentence type:

The correct answer is 'C' i.e. this part of the sentence has an error.

Key Points

• In the third part of the sentence, 'would have' is the mistake.
• We need to omit 'have' from Part C.
• The second conditional uses the past simple after if, then 'would' and the infinitive:
• if + past simple, ...would + infinitive
• E×: If I won the lottery, I would buy a big house.
• Hence, the correct answer is Option 3.

The correct sentence is: If I met the Queen of England, I would say hello.

Additional Information

Conditional sentence type:

 

The correct answer is 'D' i.e. this part of the sentence has an error.

Key Points

• We need to replace 'whom' with 'who' to correct the sentence.
• We use Who as a relative pronoun to introduce a relative clause about people.
• Ex: The police officer who came was a friend of my father’s.
• Whom is the object form of 'who'. We use whom to refer to people in formal styles or in writing when the person is the object of the verb.
• Ex: Whom did he marry?
• Hence, option 4 is the correct answer.

​Thus the correct sentence is: At the porch, he met two of the landed gentry, one of whom he knew.

Additional Information 

• 'Who' should be used to refer to the subject of a sentence.
• 'Whom' should be used to refer to the object of a verb or preposition.
• When in doubt, try this simple trick: If you can replace the word with “he”’ or “she,” use who. If you can replace it with “him” or “her,” use whom. (Here we can say, She saw her at the store)

The correct answer is option B.

Key Points

To answer this question, let's first understand the context of the sentence containing the blank labelled as (1):

The Amazon Rainforest is referred to as the "lungs of the Earth" because it produces a significant portion of the world's oxygen.

• This sentence conveys the idea that the rainforest plays a crucial role in generating oxygen.
• Blank (1) should be filled with a word conveying the idea of an essential element produced by the rainforest, which is "oxygen."
• Now, let's understand the meanings of the given words as options:
• Water - a transparent, odorless, tasteless liquid that forms the seas, lakes, rivers, and rain and is the basis of the fluids of living organisms.
• Oxygen - a chemical element with symbol O and atomic number 8, essential for respiration.
• Food - any nutritious substance that people or animals eat or drink or that plants absorb to maintain life and growth.
• Oil - a viscous liquid derived from petroleum, especially for use as a fuel or lubricant.
• Minerals - solid, naturally occurring inorganic substances.
• Given the context and the meanings of the words, the most appropriate option to fill in the blank labelled as (1) is "oxygen."
• Therefore, the correct answer is "oxygen."
• The complete sentence would be: "The Amazon Rainforest is often referred to as the "lungs of the Earth" because it produces a significant portion of the world's oxygen."

The correct answer is option B.

Key Points

To answer this question, let's first understand the context of the sentence containing the blank labelled as (2):

Rainforests play a crucial role in capturing carbon dioxide from the atmosphere, which helps mitigate climate change.

• This sentence conveys the idea that rainforests help in reducing carbon dioxide levels.
• Blank (2) should be filled with a word conveying the idea of taking in or absorbing carbon dioxide, which is "capturing."
• Now, let's understand the meanings of the given words as options:
• Emitting - producing and discharging something, especially gas or radiation.
• Capturing - taking into one's possession or control by force.
• Generating - producing or creating something.
• Releasing - allowing or enabling to escape from confinement; setting free.
• Producing - making or manufacturing from components or raw materials.
• Given the context and the meanings of the words, the most appropriate option to fill in the blank labelled as (2) is "capturing."
• Therefore, the correct answer is "capturing."
• The complete sentence would be: "Rainforests are also vital for capturing carbon dioxide from the atmosphere, which helps mitigate the effects of climate change."

The correct answer is option C.

Key Points

To answer this question, let's first understand the context of the sentence containing the blank labelled as (3):

Rainforests are under threat due to human activities such as logging, agriculture, and mining.

• This sentence conveys the idea that human activities are the main cause of deforestation.
• Blank (3) should be filled with a word conveying the idea of actions done by people, which is "human."
• Now, let's understand the meanings of the given words as options:
• Natural - existing in or caused by nature; not made or caused by humankind.
• Renewable - not depleted when used, such as solar energy.
• Human - relating to or characteristic of people or human beings.
• Wildlife - wild animals collectively; the native fauna (and sometimes flora) of a region.
• Seasonal - relating to or characteristic of a particular season of the year.
• Given the context and the meanings of the words, the most appropriate option to fill in the blank labelled as (3) is "human."
• Therefore, the correct answer is "human."
• The complete sentence would be: "However, these ecosystems are under threat due to human activities such as logging, agriculture, and mining."

The correct answer is option C.

Key Points

To answer this question, let's first understand the context of the sentence containing the blank labelled as (4):

Conservation efforts are essential to protect these vital ecosystems and ensure the survival of the planet's biodiversity.

• This sentence conveys the idea that conservation is necessary to keep the planet's biodiversity alive.
• Blank (4) should be filled with a word conveying the idea of continued existence, which is "survival."
• Now, let's understand the meanings of the given words as options:
• Destruction - the action or process of causing so much damage to something that it no longer exists or cannot be repaired.
• Expansion - the action of becoming larger or more extensive.
• Survival - the state or fact of continuing to live or exist, typically in spite of an accident, ordeal, or difficult circumstances.
• Reduction - the action or fact of making something smaller or less in amount, degree, or size.
• Extinction - the state or process of a species, family, or larger group being or becoming extinct.
• Given the context and the meanings of the words, the most appropriate option to fill in the blank labelled as (4) is "survival."
• Therefore, the correct answer is "survival."
• The complete sentence would be: "Conservation efforts are essential to protect these vital ecosystems and ensure the survival of the planet's biodiversity."

The correct answer is option D.

Key Points

To answer this question, let's first understand the context of the sentence containing the blank labelled as (5):

Sustainable practices and policies can help reduce the impact of human activities and promote the preservation of rainforests for future generations.

• This sentence conveys the idea that sustainable practices aim to protect rainforests.
• Blank (5) should be filled with a word conveying the idea of maintaining and protecting, which is "preservation."
• Now, let's understand the meanings of the given words as options:
• Depletion - reduction in the number or quantity of something.
• Exploitation - the action or fact of treating someone unfairly in order to benefit from their work.
• Deforestation - the action of clearing a wide area of trees.
• Preservation - the action of preserving something, especially the environment.
• Pollution - the presence in or introduction into the environment of a substance which has harmful or poisonous effects.
• Given the context and the meanings of the words, the most appropriate option to fill in the blank labelled as (5) is "preservation."
• Therefore, the correct answer is "preservation."
• The complete sentence would be: "Sustainable practices and policies can help reduce the impact of human activities and promote the preservation of rainforests for future generations."

The correct answer is 'C-D.'

Key Points

• The given sentence talks about Albert Einstein whose learning has left behind a long-lasting impact that changed physics and how we understand gravity.
• Let us explore the meaning of the highlighted words:
• Intelligence - The ability to understand, learn and think. (समझने, सीखने और सोचने की क्षमता; बुद्धि, समझ, प्रज्ञा)
• Legacy - The long-lasting impact of particular events, actions, etc. that took place in the past, or of a person’s life. (परंपरा)
• Understand - To know or realize the meaning of something. (किसी बात का अर्थ समझना उसे जानना या महसूस करना)
• Changed - To make somebody or something different. (बदलना, परिवर्तन करना)
• Thus, (C) and (D) must be interchanged.

Hence, the correct answer is option 1.

Correct Sentence: Albert Einstein’s intelligence left behind a legacy of knowledge that changed physics and how we understand gravity.

The correct answer is 'A-D.'

Key Points

• The given sentence talks about Rakhi who tried to tackle her financial problems by filing for bankruptcy, but that effort failed when her petition was rejected.
• Let us explore the meaning of the highlighted words:
• Denied - To refuse to admit or accept something. (किसी बात से इनकार करना; किसी बात को नकारना)
• Bankruptcy - The state of being bankrupt. (दिवालियापन, दिवाला)
• Failed - To not be successful in something. (असफल होना)
• Tackle - To make an effort to deal with a difficult situation or problem. (कठिन स्थिति या समस्‍या का हल निकालने का प्रयास करना)
• Thus, (A) and (D) must be interchanged.

Hence, the correct answer is option 2.

Correct Sentence: Rakhi tried to tackle her financial problems by filing for bankruptcy, but that effort failed when her petition was denied.

The correct answer is 'A-B.'

Key Points

• The given sentence talks about a patient who believed that the doctor knew what he was doing and agreed to undergo a risky surgery.
• Let us explore the meaning of the highlighted words:
• Knew - To have knowledge or information in your mind. (किसी बात या व्‍यक्ति की जानकारी होना)
• Trusted - To believe that somebody is good, sincere, honest, etc, and that he or she will not trick you or try to harm you. (किसी पर विश्‍वास या भरोसा करना)
• Undergo - To have a difficult or unpleasant experience. (कठिन या अप्रिय स्थिति में से गुज़रना, कठिन या अप्रिय स्थिति को झेलना)
• Risky - Involving the possibility of something bad happening; dangerous. (जोखिम की संभावना वाला, जोखिम भरा; ख़तरनाक)
• Thus, (A) and (B) must be interchanged.

Hence, the correct answer is option 3.

Correct Sentence: The patient trusted that the doctor knew what he was doing and agreed to undergo the risky surgery.

The correct answer is option 2.

Key Points

• To answer this question, let's first understand the meaning of the word given in the question:
• Incendiary:
• Causing or designed to cause fires.
• Tending to stir up conflict; inflammatory.

(आग लगाने वाला, उत्तेजक)

• Now, let's examine the given sentences:
• Sentence A: The politician’s incendiary remarks caused uproar among the public.
• This sentence correctly uses the word "incendiary" in the sense of causing conflict or stirring up strong emotions.
• Sentence B: The new song by the pop star was described as incendiary by the critics.
• This sentence also correctly uses the word "incendiary" in the figurative sense, suggesting the song stirred up strong reactions or controversy.
• Sentence C: They used incendiary materials to start the campfire.
• This sentence accurately uses the word "incendiary" in the literal sense, referring to materials that cause fire.
• So, all three sentences correctly use the word "incendiary" to illustrate different contexts of its meanings.

Therefore, the correct answer is "All A, B, and C."

The correct answer is option 4, 'Both A & B'.

Key Points

• To answer this question, let's first understand the meaning of "venerable":
• Venerable - accorded a great deal of respect, especially because of age, wisdom, or character.
• Now, let's examine the given sentences:
• Sentence A: The old, venerable building was a town landmark.
• This sentence correctly uses "venerable" to describe an old building that is respected and valued as a landmark, which aligns well with the definition.
• Sentence B: She was considered venerable for her wisdom and kindness.
• "Venerable" is appropriately used here to describe a person who is deeply respected due to her wisdom and kindness, matching the definition perfectly.
• Sentence C: His venerable driving skills were appreciated by all passengers.
• This sentence misuses "venerable" because it incorrectly applies it to describe driving skills, which are typically not described in terms of respect or reverence due to age, wisdom, or character.
• Only sentences A and B correctly use "venerable" to describe subjects respected for their age, wisdom, or character.
• Therefore, the correct answer is "Both A & B."

The correct answer is option 2, 'Both A & B'.

Key Points

• To answer this question, let's first understand the meaning of "convoluted":
• Convoluted - (especially of an argument, story, or sentence) extremely complex and difficult to follow.
• Now, let's examine the given sentences:
• Sentence A: The directions he gave were so convoluted that we got lost.
• This sentence correctly uses "convoluted" to describe directions that were complex and confusing, aligning perfectly with the definition.
• Sentence B: The novel’s plot was too convoluted to follow.
• "Convoluted" is used appropriately here to describe a plot that is overly complex and challenging to understand, which is a correct use of the word.
• Sentence C: His convoluted appearance made him stand out at the formal party.
• This sentence misuses "convoluted" because the term does not apply to physical appearances in the sense intended by the definition focused on complexity in narrative or argumentative structures.
• Only sentences A and B use "convoluted" correctly to describe situations that are complex and difficult to follow.
• Therefore, the correct answer is "Both A & B."