English Comprehension PYQs

Directions (21-27): Read the following passage and answer the questions that follow.

Some words in the passage have been highlighted to aid in answering the question.

Vegetarian diets lower the burden of chronic diseases. Lacto-vegetarians are often impressively healthier – sometimes a lot healthier – than meat eaters. It is uncertain whether this advantage extends to vegans. Plant-based diets containing whole grains, nuts, fruits and vegetables are low in saturated fats and cholesterol and higher in fibre, vitamin C, folate, potassium, magnesium, and phytochemicals implicated in the protection against many diseases. Such diets also lower the risk of hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Diets low in fibre and in which chicken and meat are the principal ingredients can dramatically increase the incidence of colorectal cancers.
Plant foods are also high in phytochemicals called polyphenols and contain higher proportions of polyunsaturated fatty acids. These substances have recently been shown to have beneficial effects on maintaining the integrity of brain function during the ageing process. Vegetarian diets may help in weight loss and long-term weight control and are associated with longevity. Diets containing animal products are generally higher in fat and calorific value while plant foods are low in energy and are nutrient dense.
However, the more limiting a diet is, the more difficult it is to get all the nutrients required by your body. Can vegetarian diets, therefore, be balanced, complete and healthy? The answer is yes. According to the American Dietetic Association “appropriately planned vegetarian diets are healthful, nutritionally adequate and may provide health benefits in the prevention and treatment of certain diseases. Well-planned vegetarian diets are suitable for individuals during all stages of the life-cycle and for athletes.” Only the most restrictive vegan diets can perhaps cause nutritional concerns and compromise on calcium, iron, zinc, vitamin B12 and sometimes even protein.
Vegetarian meals need not be boring or limiting. Whip up a variety of recipes from plant foods and feast on them. If you can't be a vegetarian, a healthy option would be to limit intake of animal foods and increase intake of fruits and vegetables. Remember what Einstein said: “Nothing will ____________ human health and increase chances for survival of life on Earth as much as the evolution to a vegetarian diet.”

Q21. Which of the following is not a benefit of adopting a vegetarian diet?

Directions (21-27): Read the following passage and answer the questions that follow.

Some words in the passage have been highlighted to aid in answering the question.

Vegetarian diets lower the burden of chronic diseases. Lacto-vegetarians are often impressively healthier – sometimes a lot healthier – than meat eaters. It is uncertain whether this advantage extends to vegans. Plant-based diets containing whole grains, nuts, fruits and vegetables are low in saturated fats and cholesterol and higher in fibre, vitamin C, folate, potassium, magnesium, and phytochemicals implicated in the protection against many diseases. Such diets also lower the risk of hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Diets low in fibre and in which chicken and meat are the principal ingredients can dramatically increase the incidence of colorectal cancers.
Plant foods are also high in phytochemicals called polyphenols and contain higher proportions of polyunsaturated fatty acids. These substances have recently been shown to have beneficial effects on maintaining the integrity of brain function during the ageing process. Vegetarian diets may help in weight loss and long-term weight control and are associated with longevity. Diets containing animal products are generally higher in fat and calorific value while plant foods are low in energy and are nutrient dense.
However, the more limiting a diet is, the more difficult it is to get all the nutrients required by your body. Can vegetarian diets, therefore, be balanced, complete and healthy? The answer is yes. According to the American Dietetic Association “appropriately planned vegetarian diets are healthful, nutritionally adequate and may provide health benefits in the prevention and treatment of certain diseases. Well-planned vegetarian diets are suitable for individuals during all stages of the life-cycle and for athletes.” Only the most restrictive vegan diets can perhaps cause nutritional concerns and compromise on calcium, iron, zinc, vitamin B12 and sometimes even protein.
Vegetarian meals need not be boring or limiting. Whip up a variety of recipes from plant foods and feast on them. If you can't be a vegetarian, a healthy option would be to limit intake of animal foods and increase intake of fruits and vegetables. Remember what Einstein said: “Nothing will ____________ human health and increase chances for survival of life on Earth as much as the evolution to a vegetarian diet.”

Q22. Which of the following qualifies as a difference between a vegetarian and a non-vegetarian diet?

Directions (21-27): Read the following passage and answer the questions that follow.

Some words in the passage have been highlighted to aid in answering the question.

Vegetarian diets lower the burden of chronic diseases. Lacto-vegetarians are often impressively healthier – sometimes a lot healthier – than meat eaters. It is uncertain whether this advantage extends to vegans. Plant-based diets containing whole grains, nuts, fruits and vegetables are low in saturated fats and cholesterol and higher in fibre, vitamin C, folate, potassium, magnesium, and phytochemicals implicated in the protection against many diseases. Such diets also lower the risk of hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Diets low in fibre and in which chicken and meat are the principal ingredients can dramatically increase the incidence of colorectal cancers.
Plant foods are also high in phytochemicals called polyphenols and contain higher proportions of polyunsaturated fatty acids. These substances have recently been shown to have beneficial effects on maintaining the integrity of brain function during the ageing process. Vegetarian diets may help in weight loss and long-term weight control and are associated with longevity. Diets containing animal products are generally higher in fat and calorific value while plant foods are low in energy and are nutrient dense.
However, the more limiting a diet is, the more difficult it is to get all the nutrients required by your body. Can vegetarian diets, therefore, be balanced, complete and healthy? The answer is yes. According to the American Dietetic Association “appropriately planned vegetarian diets are healthful, nutritionally adequate and may provide health benefits in the prevention and treatment of certain diseases. Well-planned vegetarian diets are suitable for individuals during all stages of the life-cycle and for athletes.” Only the most restrictive vegan diets can perhaps cause nutritional concerns and compromise on calcium, iron, zinc, vitamin B12 and sometimes even protein.
Vegetarian meals need not be boring or limiting. Whip up a variety of recipes from plant foods and feast on them. If you can't be a vegetarian, a healthy option would be to limit intake of animal foods and increase intake of fruits and vegetables. Remember what Einstein said: “Nothing will ____________ human health and increase chances for survival of life on Earth as much as the evolution to a vegetarian diet.”

Q23. How is proper planning important for a vegetarian lifestyle?

Directions (21-27): Read the following passage and answer the questions that follow.

Some words in the passage have been highlighted to aid in answering the question.

Vegetarian diets lower the burden of chronic diseases. Lacto-vegetarians are often impressively healthier – sometimes a lot healthier – than meat eaters. It is uncertain whether this advantage extends to vegans. Plant-based diets containing whole grains, nuts, fruits and vegetables are low in saturated fats and cholesterol and higher in fibre, vitamin C, folate, potassium, magnesium, and phytochemicals implicated in the protection against many diseases. Such diets also lower the risk of hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Diets low in fibre and in which chicken and meat are the principal ingredients can dramatically increase the incidence of colorectal cancers.
Plant foods are also high in phytochemicals called polyphenols and contain higher proportions of polyunsaturated fatty acids. These substances have recently been shown to have beneficial effects on maintaining the integrity of brain function during the ageing process. Vegetarian diets may help in weight loss and long-term weight control and are associated with longevity. Diets containing animal products are generally higher in fat and calorific value while plant foods are low in energy and are nutrient dense.
However, the more limiting a diet is, the more difficult it is to get all the nutrients required by your body. Can vegetarian diets, therefore, be balanced, complete and healthy? The answer is yes. According to the American Dietetic Association “appropriately planned vegetarian diets are healthful, nutritionally adequate and may provide health benefits in the prevention and treatment of certain diseases. Well-planned vegetarian diets are suitable for individuals during all stages of the life-cycle and for athletes.” Only the most restrictive vegan diets can perhaps cause nutritional concerns and compromise on calcium, iron, zinc, vitamin B12 and sometimes even protein.
Vegetarian meals need not be boring or limiting. Whip up a variety of recipes from plant foods and feast on them. If you can't be a vegetarian, a healthy option would be to limit intake of animal foods and increase intake of fruits and vegetables. Remember what Einstein said: “Nothing will ____________ human health and increase chances for survival of life on Earth as much as the evolution to a vegetarian diet.”

Q24. Which of the following ways can help in making vegetarian diets more interesting to adopt according to the passage?

Directions (21-27): Read the following passage and answer the questions that follow.

Some words in the passage have been highlighted to aid in answering the question.

Vegetarian diets lower the burden of chronic diseases. Lacto-vegetarians are often impressively healthier – sometimes a lot healthier – than meat eaters. It is uncertain whether this advantage extends to vegans. Plant-based diets containing whole grains, nuts, fruits and vegetables are low in saturated fats and cholesterol and higher in fibre, vitamin C, folate, potassium, magnesium, and phytochemicals implicated in the protection against many diseases. Such diets also lower the risk of hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Diets low in fibre and in which chicken and meat are the principal ingredients can dramatically increase the incidence of colorectal cancers.
Plant foods are also high in phytochemicals called polyphenols and contain higher proportions of polyunsaturated fatty acids. These substances have recently been shown to have beneficial effects on maintaining the integrity of brain function during the ageing process. Vegetarian diets may help in weight loss and long-term weight control and are associated with longevity. Diets containing animal products are generally higher in fat and calorific value while plant foods are low in energy and are nutrient dense.
However, the more limiting a diet is, the more difficult it is to get all the nutrients required by your body. Can vegetarian diets, therefore, be balanced, complete and healthy? The answer is yes. According to the American Dietetic Association “appropriately planned vegetarian diets are healthful, nutritionally adequate and may provide health benefits in the prevention and treatment of certain diseases. Well-planned vegetarian diets are suitable for individuals during all stages of the life-cycle and for athletes.” Only the most restrictive vegan diets can perhaps cause nutritional concerns and compromise on calcium, iron, zinc, vitamin B12 and sometimes even protein.
Vegetarian meals need not be boring or limiting. Whip up a variety of recipes from plant foods and feast on them. If you can't be a vegetarian, a healthy option would be to limit intake of animal foods and increase intake of fruits and vegetables. Remember what Einstein said: “Nothing will ____________ human health and increase chances for survival of life on Earth as much as the evolution to a vegetarian diet.”

Q25. Which of the following words can most appropriately be substituted in the blank in the passage?

Directions (21-27): Read the following passage and answer the questions that follow.

Some words in the passage have been highlighted to aid in answering the question.

Vegetarian diets lower the burden of chronic diseases. Lacto-vegetarians are often impressively healthier – sometimes a lot healthier – than meat eaters. It is uncertain whether this advantage extends to vegans. Plant-based diets containing whole grains, nuts, fruits and vegetables are low in saturated fats and cholesterol and higher in fibre, vitamin C, folate, potassium, magnesium, and phytochemicals implicated in the protection against many diseases. Such diets also lower the risk of hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Diets low in fibre and in which chicken and meat are the principal ingredients can dramatically increase the incidence of colorectal cancers.
Plant foods are also high in phytochemicals called polyphenols and contain higher proportions of polyunsaturated fatty acids. These substances have recently been shown to have beneficial effects on maintaining the integrity of brain function during the ageing process. Vegetarian diets may help in weight loss and long-term weight control and are associated with longevity. Diets containing animal products are generally higher in fat and calorific value while plant foods are low in energy and are nutrient dense.
However, the more limiting a diet is, the more difficult it is to get all the nutrients required by your body. Can vegetarian diets, therefore, be balanced, complete and healthy? The answer is yes. According to the American Dietetic Association “appropriately planned vegetarian diets are healthful, nutritionally adequate and may provide health benefits in the prevention and treatment of certain diseases. Well-planned vegetarian diets are suitable for individuals during all stages of the life-cycle and for athletes.” Only the most restrictive vegan diets can perhaps cause nutritional concerns and compromise on calcium, iron, zinc, vitamin B12 and sometimes even protein.
Vegetarian meals need not be boring or limiting. Whip up a variety of recipes from plant foods and feast on them. If you can't be a vegetarian, a healthy option would be to limit intake of animal foods and increase intake of fruits and vegetables. Remember what Einstein said: “Nothing will ____________ human health and increase chances for survival of life on Earth as much as the evolution to a vegetarian diet.”

Q26. Which of the following words is the most similar in its definition as the highlighted word adequate, the definition corresponding to its usage in the passage?

Directions (21-27): Read the following passage and answer the questions that follow.

Some words in the passage have been highlighted to aid in answering the question.

Vegetarian diets lower the burden of chronic diseases. Lacto-vegetarians are often impressively healthier – sometimes a lot healthier – than meat eaters. It is uncertain whether this advantage extends to vegans. Plant-based diets containing whole grains, nuts, fruits and vegetables are low in saturated fats and cholesterol and higher in fibre, vitamin C, folate, potassium, magnesium, and phytochemicals implicated in the protection against many diseases. Such diets also lower the risk of hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Diets low in fibre and in which chicken and meat are the principal ingredients can dramatically increase the incidence of colorectal cancers.
Plant foods are also high in phytochemicals called polyphenols and contain higher proportions of polyunsaturated fatty acids. These substances have recently been shown to have beneficial effects on maintaining the integrity of brain function during the ageing process. Vegetarian diets may help in weight loss and long-term weight control and are associated with longevity. Diets containing animal products are generally higher in fat and calorific value while plant foods are low in energy and are nutrient dense.
However, the more limiting a diet is, the more difficult it is to get all the nutrients required by your body. Can vegetarian diets, therefore, be balanced, complete and healthy? The answer is yes. According to the American Dietetic Association “appropriately planned vegetarian diets are healthful, nutritionally adequate and may provide health benefits in the prevention and treatment of certain diseases. Well-planned vegetarian diets are suitable for individuals during all stages of the life-cycle and for athletes.” Only the most restrictive vegan diets can perhaps cause nutritional concerns and compromise on calcium, iron, zinc, vitamin B12 and sometimes even protein.
Vegetarian meals need not be boring or limiting. Whip up a variety of recipes from plant foods and feast on them. If you can't be a vegetarian, a healthy option would be to limit intake of animal foods and increase intake of fruits and vegetables. Remember what Einstein said: “Nothing will ____________ human health and increase chances for survival of life on Earth as much as the evolution to a vegetarian diet.”

Q27. Choose the word from the following options which most aptly acts as an antonym to the highlighted word beneficial as it is used in the context of the passage.

Directions (28-30): An idiom is given in each of the questions below, following which are three sentences or situations. Mark the sentences which accurately represent the idiom as the answer.

Q28. Get a second wind
(i) Even after dissatisfactory reports on his work, his manager decided to give him another chance.

(ii) After reaching a halt in his work, he found himself able to work again after taking a break.

(iii) He disinvested from the stocks after he saw another stock’s prices going up at an exciting rate.

Directions (28-30): An idiom is given in each of the questions below, following which are three sentences or situations. Mark the sentences which accurately represent the idiom as the answer.

Q29. Like two peas in a pod
(i) Tim left the party immediately after John did, following in his footsteps.

(ii) As soon as the waves subsided, they both realised they were lost and stranded in the open sea.

(iii) The two employees joined the firm at the same time can always be found hanging out together.

Directions (28-30): An idiom is given in each of the questions below, following which are three sentences or situations. Mark the sentences which accurately represent the idiom as the answer.

Q30. Once bitten, twice shy
(i) He’s very cautious while crossing the road after just having recovered from a road accident injury.

(ii) After failing the test, he decided to study diligently, but very soon went back to his old habits.

(iii) The firm has refrained from actively investing in stocks ever since suffering losses in the recent financial crisis.

Direction (91 – 95) : In the given question, five words are printed in bold and are numbered A, B, C, D and E. The positions of some highlighted words may be incorrect and need to be exchanged with another highlighted to make the sentence correct. Find the words that need to be exchanged. 91. As the spread (A) of habitat and biodiversity loss suggest (B) humans to more zoonotic diseases that destruction (C) from animals to humans, a key programme to study the spread of these diseases and expose (D) ways to control them has been in the works (E) in India since 2018.

Direction (91 – 95) : In the given question, five words are printed in bold and are numbered A, B, C, D and E. The positions of some highlighted words may be incorrect and need to be exchanged with another highlighted to make the sentence correct. Find the words that need to be exchanged. 92. The public school’s multicultural (A) included curriculum (B) program that taught (C) students about ethnic (D) from different inventors (E) background.

Direction (91 – 95) : In the given question, five words are printed in bold and are numbered A, B, C, D and E. The positions of some highlighted words may be incorrect and need to be exchanged with another highlighted to make the sentence correct. Find the words that need to be exchanged. 93. With its diverse world (A), the cities (B) is considered (C) one of the most cosmopolitan city (D) in the population (E).

Direction (91 – 95) : In the given question, five words are printed in bold and are numbered A, B, C, D and E. The positions of some highlighted words may be incorrect and need to be exchanged with another highlighted to make the sentence correct. Find the words that need to be exchanged. 94. To restrict (A) the study to the compliant patients, only those completing (B) a second department (C) at the outpatient visit (D) were included (E).

Direction (91 – 95) : In the given question, five words are printed in bold and are numbered A, B, C, D and E. The positions of some highlighted words may be incorrect and need to be exchanged with another highlighted to make the sentence correct. Find the words that need to be exchanged. 95. As the comment (A) are at a delicate (B) stage the senior staff at the observatory preferred (C) to make no negotiations (D) when contacted (E) yesterday.

Direction (96 – 98) : In this question, two columns I and II and three sentences are given, which are divided into two parts. Column I (A, B and C) consists of first half of each sentence and Column II (D, E and F) consists of second half of each sentence. Match column I with column II, so that the sentences formed are both meaningful and grammatically correct. Choose the option as your answer. 96. A) There was a biographical note about B) His research is at the cutting
C) I have no idea how to set
II.
D) edge of new therapies for cancer.
E) the author on the back of the book.
F) off changing a tyre on a car.

Direction (96 – 98) : In this question, two columns I and II and three sentences are given, which are divided into two parts. Column I (A, B and C) consists of first half of each sentence and Column II (D, E and F) consists of second half of each sentence. Match column I with column II, so that the sentences formed are both meaningful and grammatically correct. Choose the option as your answer. 97. A) The more precious the metals that go into the B) We must ensures that tourism develop
C) The government is being widely
II.
D) criticized in the press for its strict step.
E) in harmony with the environment.
F) making of the alloy, the higher are the charge.

Direction (96 – 98) : In this question, two columns I and II and three sentences are given, which are divided into two parts. Column I (A, B and C) consists of first half of each sentence and Column II (D, E and F) consists of second half of each sentence. Match column I with column II, so that the sentences formed are both meaningful and grammatically correct. Choose the option as your answer. 98. I. A) This method was criticized for being wasteful
B) The admission process was faulty
C) The portal aims at improving the
II.
D) These had to be conducted all over again.
E) And causing inconvenience to the common man.
F) Availability of coal to consumers.

Direction (99 – 103) : Given below are six statements A, B, C, D, E and F, which when arranged in the correct order, form a coherent and meaningful paragraph. The sentence marked E is fixed and would fit in the fifth position. Rearrange the other statements in a proper sequence to form a meaningful paragraph, then answer the questions that follow.
A) They have worked against the rules which state that GI is given to goods where a given quality and reputation are drawn from its geographic origin.
B) The result of this belief is that today, India has more than 600 GI products in defiance of logic, rules and any economic rationale.
C) The officials who hand out the GI trademarks believe that they have the mandate to push up the number of GIs it awards, while blithely ignoring the rules that govern its issuance.
D) This is a perpetually silly reason presented by the officials while assigning GIs at the Geographical Indications (GIs) registry.
E) However, the officials seem to believe in numbers and made people jostle for the GI label in the mistaken belief that it would magically boost their business.
F) The tag was meant to safeguard monopolies and was a right given to a community of producers, not individuals. 99. Which of the following will be the first statement after rearrangement?

Direction (99 – 103) : Given below are six statements A, B, C, D, E and F, which when arranged in the correct order, form a coherent and meaningful paragraph. The sentence marked E is fixed and would fit in the fifth position. Rearrange the other statements in a proper sequence to form a meaningful paragraph, then answer the questions that follow.
A) They have worked against the rules which state that GI is given to goods where a given quality and reputation are drawn from its geographic origin.
B) The result of this belief is that today, India has more than 600 GI products in defiance of logic, rules and any economic rationale.
C) The officials who hand out the GI trademarks believe that they have the mandate to push up the number of GIs it awards, while blithely ignoring the rules that govern its issuance.
D) This is a perpetually silly reason presented by the officials while assigning GIs at the Geographical Indications (GIs) registry.
E) However, the officials seem to believe in numbers and made people jostle for the GI label in the mistaken belief that it would magically boost their business.
F) The tag was meant to safeguard monopolies and was a right given to a community of producers, not individuals.

100. Which of the following will be the fourth statement after rearrangement?