Reading comprehension, vocabulary, synonyms and antonyms, idiom usage, error spotting, sentence improvement, and cloze tests.
In the given sentence a word has been emboldened. Select the best alternative for the bold word from the given options. If none follows, select option 5 as your answer.
Michelle was so badly manipulated by her previous partner that she couldn't trust anyone anymore.
Ashamed
Preserved
Exploited
Valued
None
Correct answer
Ashamed
In the given sentence a word has been emboldened. Select the best alternative for the bold word from the given options. If none follows, select option 5 as your answer.
The enemy of the state was tortured for 5 days but she didn't reveal anything.
Treasured
Tormented
Cherished
Chaperoned
None
Correct answer
Treasured
Directions
In the following sentence, four words given in bold are marked as A, B, C, and D, which are possible pairs to be interchanged. Choose the pair(s) of words that need to be interchanged to make the sentence grammatically correct and meaningful. If no interchange is required, mark option 5 i.e., "No interchange required" as your answer.**
The debate over humanism's relevance (A) intensifies as alternative ideologies challenge its centrality (B), questioning the humane essence (C) amidst historical atrocities (D) and ecological crises.
A-C
C-A and B-D
C-D and A-B
D-A and C-B
No interchange required
Correct answer
A-C
Directions
In the following sentence, four words given in bold are marked as A, B, C, and D, which are possible pairs to be interchanged. Choose the pair(s) of words that need to be interchanged to make the sentence grammatically correct and meaningful. If no interchange is required, mark option 5 i.e., "No interchange required" as your answer.**
Understanding the pivotal (A) complexities of a situation is manifold (B) in resolving disputes, as it requires being cognizant (C) of various perspectives (D) in arguments.
C-D
A-B
C-A and B-D
D-A and C-B
No interchange required
Correct answer
C-D
Directions
In the following sentence, four words given in bold are marked as A, B, C, and D, which are possible pairs to be interchanged. Choose the pair(s) of words that need to be interchanged to make the sentence grammatically correct and meaningful. If no interchange is required, mark option 5 i.e., "No interchange required" as your answer.**
The adept (A) scientist found a conducive (B) environment for her research, leading to acrimonious (C) discoveries despite profound (D) debates among colleagues.
C-D
B-D
D-A
A-B
No interchange required
Correct answer
C-D
Directions
In the following sentence, four words given in bold are marked as A, B, C, and D, which are possible pairs to be interchanged. Choose the pair(s) of words that need to be interchanged to make the sentence grammatically correct and meaningful. If no interchange is required, mark option 5 i.e., "No interchange required" as your answer.**
Urban redevelopment necessitates a compassionate (A) approach, aiming to reduce carbon footprint, mitigate (B) liveability, and enhance (C) challenges such as air pollution and affordable (D) housing shortages.
A-D and B-C
D-A
C-A and B-D
B-C
No interchange required
Correct answer
A-D and B-C
Directions
In the following sentence, four words given in bold are marked as A, B, C, and D, which are possible pairs to be interchanged. Choose the pair(s) of words that need to be interchanged to make the sentence grammatically correct and meaningful. If no interchange is required, mark option 5 i.e., "No interchange required" as your answer.**
European governments face the discontent (A) task of balancing agricultural livelihoods with climate change escalating (B) efforts amidst mitigation (C) protests and daunting (D) among farmers across the continent.
C-D
A-C
C-B and A-D
A-C and B-D
No interchange required
Correct answer
C-D
Directions: Given below is a set of five sentences that, when properly sequenced, form a coherent paragraph. Arrange the sentences in the correct sequence and answer the questions that follow.
A. Geopolitical shifts, including the diminishing U.S. presence, have allowed China to fill vacuums in the region.
B. India's traditional norms-based approach contrasts with China's non-normative engagement, altering regional dynamics.
C. India's foreign policy vision extends globally but faces challenges within its neighbourhood, impacting its aspirations.
D. China's rising influence in South Asia through initiatives like the BRI poses a significant challenge.
E. Recognizing this shift, India must adjust its approach, engage diverse actors, and address its diplomatic personnel shortage.
Which of the following is the FIRST sentence after rearrangement?
C
E
A
D
B
Correct answer
C
Directions: Given below is a set of five sentences that, when properly sequenced, form a coherent paragraph. Arrange the sentences in the correct sequence and answer the questions that follow.
A. Geopolitical shifts, including the diminishing U.S. presence, have allowed China to fill vacuums in the region.
B. India's traditional norms-based approach contrasts with China's non-normative engagement, altering regional dynamics.
C. India's foreign policy vision extends globally but faces challenges within its neighbourhood, impacting its aspirations.
D. China's rising influence in South Asia through initiatives like the BRI poses a significant challenge.
E. Recognizing this shift, India must adjust its approach, engage diverse actors, and address its diplomatic personnel shortage.
Which of the following pairs represent the SECOND and THIRD sentences in the correct arrangement?
AB
DC
AC
EA
DA
Correct answer
AB
Directions: Given below is a set of five sentences that, when properly sequenced, form a coherent paragraph. Arrange the sentences in the correct sequence and answer the questions that follow.
A. Geopolitical shifts, including the diminishing U.S. presence, have allowed China to fill vacuums in the region.
B. India's traditional norms-based approach contrasts with China's non-normative engagement, altering regional dynamics.
C. India's foreign policy vision extends globally but faces challenges within its neighbourhood, impacting its aspirations.
D. China's rising influence in South Asia through initiatives like the BRI poses a significant challenge.
E. Recognizing this shift, India must adjust its approach, engage diverse actors, and address its diplomatic personnel shortage.
Which of the following is the correct arrangement of the sentences?
ECADB
CEABD
BDCEA
CDABE
EBCDA
Correct answer
ECADB
Directions: Given below is a set of five sentences that, when properly sequenced, form a coherent paragraph. Arrange the sentences in the correct sequence and answer the questions that follow.
A. Geopolitical shifts, including the diminishing U.S. presence, have allowed China to fill vacuums in the region.
B. India's traditional norms-based approach contrasts with China's non-normative engagement, altering regional dynamics.
C. India's foreign policy vision extends globally but faces challenges within its neighbourhood, impacting its aspirations.
D. China's rising influence in South Asia through initiatives like the BRI poses a significant challenge.
E. Recognizing this shift, India must adjust its approach, engage diverse actors, and address its diplomatic personnel shortage.
Which of the following is the LAST sentence after rearrangement?
C
E
A
D
B
Correct answer
C
Directions: Read the following sentences carefully, choose the one that is grammatically and contextually correct, and mark it as your answer.
The more explicit the violence, greater the chances of a movie achieving success.
Filmmakers increasingly rely in shock and awe, prioritizing violence over other filmmaking aspects.
Viewers find cathartic release and hedonistic pleasure in safely witnessing unthinkable violence in movies.
Human nature draws us to violence; its ingrained, seeking thrill and pleasure.
Our movie choices define societal values, offering insights of our collective identity and trajectory.
Correct answer
The more explicit the violence, greater the chances of a movie achieving success.
Directions: Read the following sentences carefully, choose the one that is grammatically and contextually correct, and mark it as your answer.
Having been unfortunately forgotten at home due to the rush, the car keys caused delays.
The teacher, as well as the students, were surprised by the announcement.
Their decision to go on a vacation was influenced by their stressfully work schedules.
The teacher asked, "Whom can identify the main idea in this passage?"
The committee has been working diligently to ensuring all concerns are addressed.
Correct answer
Having been unfortunately forgotten at home due to the rush, the car keys caused delays.
Directions: Read the following sentences carefully, choose the one that is grammatically and contextually correct, and mark it as your answer.
In contemporary society, education served as a fundamental pillar in shaping our future.
Despite the challenges we faced, we managed to succeed in the end, did we?
Having finished her assignment, Maria took a deep breath and felt a sense of accomplishment.
If I possessed the ability to time travel, I will visit historical events to witness them firsthand.
My sister bought vibrant red three decorative candles for the cosy living room ambience.
Correct answer
In contemporary society, education served as a fundamental pillar in shaping our future.
Directions: Read the following sentences carefully, choose the one that is grammatically and contextually correct, and mark it as your answer.
Lack of policy scrutiny on the DLI scheme contrasts to quick revisions for foundries and assembly.
India's Semicon India Program aims to reduce dependence on semiconductor imports, especially from China.
The funding landscape for chip start-ups in India remain challenging, reducing domestic investor risk appetite.
The scheme needs revision to focused on cultivating semiconductor design capabilities in India.
The focus on design ecosystem stimulation can establish strongly linkages for fabrication and assembly.
Correct answer
Lack of policy scrutiny on the DLI scheme contrasts to quick revisions for foundries and assembly.
**Direction: Read the given passage carefully to answer the following questions.
Each question will have five alternatives as its answer. Choose the correct option as your answer.**
Trade and investment Ministers of the G-20 nations, representing 80% of the world economy’s output, three-quarters of trade flows and three-fifths of the population, concluded their deliberations under India’s presidency of the bloc last week. A comprehensive communiqué was scuttled as China and Russia blocked a reference to geopolitical issues arising from the conflict in Ukraine, as has been the case since last year’s G-20 Bali summit. Yet, amid flailing prospects for global trade and investment in the near-term, the G-20 nations did agree to take joint actions to reaffirm the world’s faith in cross-border commerce and investment flows as a route to prosperity and growth for all. The government counted five concrete and action-oriented deliverables from the meet, including a dialogue on global standards to bridge regulatory divergences across countries and a compendium on best practices for mutual recognition of qualifications for professional services such as medicine, law and nursing. Asserting that the trade track outcomes were the most significant so far in the G-20 parleys, Commerce and Industry Minister Piyush Goyal highlighted the other three deliverables as new elements that hold importance for India. A generic framework to map global value chains, essentially to identify the weakest links and mitigate any shocks like those seen during the pandemic, is a good idea that may prove tricky to execute. Digitalisation of trade documents to ease flow of goods and services is welcome, but the principles identified in the pact pertain to paperwork on transactions such as transport, insurance, and storage, “not necessarily” to government filings for cross-border trade.
What has been coined as the Jaipur Call for Action to enhance Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises’ (MSMEs’) access to information’ may yield quicker and more tangible results. The International Trade Centre, WTO and UNCTAD, which operate the Global Trade Helpdesk, have been urged to work with G-20 members to upgrade their data portal for businesses and bridge the “information asymmetry” that often hinders small players. This resonates with Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s plea that G-20 Ministers strive to help MSMEs which account for 60%-70% of employment and 50% of the global GDP, integrate with global value chains as empowering them translates to societal empowerment. India, on its part, must also consider steps to bolster the capacity of its small enterprises. For one, its nudge for greenfield investments through productivity-linked incentives across sectors, can be tweaked to create a separate window for fresh outlays by MSMEs that cannot qualify for incentives based on larger investments. Moreover, bureaucratic red tape may have turned into a ‘red carpet’ for some large investors, but for smaller firms, getting a project off the ground is not easy yet.
Which of the given words is similar in meaning to "mitigate" in the context of the passage?
Exacerbate
Alleviate
Aggrandize
Perplex
Dissipate
Correct answer
Exacerbate
**Direction: Read the given passage carefully to answer the following questions.
Each question will have five alternatives as its answer. Choose the correct option as your answer.**
Trade and investment Ministers of the G-20 nations, representing 80% of the world economy’s output, three-quarters of trade flows and three-fifths of the population, concluded their deliberations under India’s presidency of the bloc last week. A comprehensive communiqué was scuttled as China and Russia blocked a reference to geopolitical issues arising from the conflict in Ukraine, as has been the case since last year’s G-20 Bali summit. Yet, amid flailing prospects for global trade and investment in the near-term, the G-20 nations did agree to take joint actions to reaffirm the world’s faith in cross-border commerce and investment flows as a route to prosperity and growth for all. The government counted five concrete and action-oriented deliverables from the meet, including a dialogue on global standards to bridge regulatory divergences across countries and a compendium on best practices for mutual recognition of qualifications for professional services such as medicine, law and nursing. Asserting that the trade track outcomes were the most significant so far in the G-20 parleys, Commerce and Industry Minister Piyush Goyal highlighted the other three deliverables as new elements that hold importance for India. A generic framework to map global value chains, essentially to identify the weakest links and mitigate any shocks like those seen during the pandemic, is a good idea that may prove tricky to execute. Digitalisation of trade documents to ease flow of goods and services is welcome, but the principles identified in the pact pertain to paperwork on transactions such as transport, insurance, and storage, “not necessarily” to government filings for cross-border trade.
What has been coined as the Jaipur Call for Action to enhance Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises’ (MSMEs’) access to information’ may yield quicker and more tangible results. The International Trade Centre, WTO and UNCTAD, which operate the Global Trade Helpdesk, have been urged to work with G-20 members to upgrade their data portal for businesses and bridge the “information asymmetry” that often hinders small players. This resonates with Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s plea that G-20 Ministers strive to help MSMEs which account for 60%-70% of employment and 50% of the global GDP, integrate with global value chains as empowering them translates to societal empowerment. India, on its part, must also consider steps to bolster the capacity of its small enterprises. For one, its nudge for greenfield investments through productivity-linked incentives across sectors, can be tweaked to create a separate window for fresh outlays by MSMEs that cannot qualify for incentives based on larger investments. Moreover, bureaucratic red tape may have turned into a ‘red carpet’ for some large investors, but for smaller firms, getting a project off the ground is not easy yet.
Which of the following is the primary focus of the "Jaipur Call for Action" mentioned in the passage?
Enhancing global trade standards
Promoting greenfield investments
Bridging information gaps for MSMEs
Facilitating cross-border commerce
Empowering large investors
Correct answer
Enhancing global trade standards
**Direction: Read the given passage carefully to answer the following questions.
Each question will have five alternatives as its answer. Choose the correct option as your answer.**
Trade and investment Ministers of the G-20 nations, representing 80% of the world economy’s output, three-quarters of trade flows and three-fifths of the population, concluded their deliberations under India’s presidency of the bloc last week. A comprehensive communiqué was scuttled as China and Russia blocked a reference to geopolitical issues arising from the conflict in Ukraine, as has been the case since last year’s G-20 Bali summit. Yet, amid flailing prospects for global trade and investment in the near-term, the G-20 nations did agree to take joint actions to reaffirm the world’s faith in cross-border commerce and investment flows as a route to prosperity and growth for all. The government counted five concrete and action-oriented deliverables from the meet, including a dialogue on global standards to bridge regulatory divergences across countries and a compendium on best practices for mutual recognition of qualifications for professional services such as medicine, law and nursing. Asserting that the trade track outcomes were the most significant so far in the G-20 parleys, Commerce and Industry Minister Piyush Goyal highlighted the other three deliverables as new elements that hold importance for India. A generic framework to map global value chains, essentially to identify the weakest links and mitigate any shocks like those seen during the pandemic, is a good idea that may prove tricky to execute. Digitalisation of trade documents to ease flow of goods and services is welcome, but the principles identified in the pact pertain to paperwork on transactions such as transport, insurance, and storage, “not necessarily” to government filings for cross-border trade.
What has been coined as the Jaipur Call for Action to enhance Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises’ (MSMEs’) access to information’ may yield quicker and more tangible results. The International Trade Centre, WTO and UNCTAD, which operate the Global Trade Helpdesk, have been urged to work with G-20 members to upgrade their data portal for businesses and bridge the “information asymmetry” that often hinders small players. This resonates with Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s plea that G-20 Ministers strive to help MSMEs which account for 60%-70% of employment and 50% of the global GDP, integrate with global value chains as empowering them translates to societal empowerment. India, on its part, must also consider steps to bolster the capacity of its small enterprises. For one, its nudge for greenfield investments through productivity-linked incentives across sectors, can be tweaked to create a separate window for fresh outlays by MSMEs that cannot qualify for incentives based on larger investments. Moreover, bureaucratic red tape may have turned into a ‘red carpet’ for some large investors, but for smaller firms, getting a project off the ground is not easy yet.
Which of the following sentence(s) is true according to the passage?
A. China and Russia consistently blocked references to geopolitical issues in G-20 communiqués.
B. The digitalization of trade documents primarily focuses on government filings for cross-border trade.
C. The International Trade Centre, WTO, and UNCTAD are solely responsible for upgrading data portals for businesses.
Both A & B
Only A
Both A & C
Only B
None of these
Correct answer
Both A & B
**Direction: Read the given passage carefully to answer the following questions.
Each question will have five alternatives as its answer. Choose the correct option as your answer.**
Trade and investment Ministers of the G-20 nations, representing 80% of the world economy’s output, three-quarters of trade flows and three-fifths of the population, concluded their deliberations under India’s presidency of the bloc last week. A comprehensive communiqué was scuttled as China and Russia blocked a reference to geopolitical issues arising from the conflict in Ukraine, as has been the case since last year’s G-20 Bali summit. Yet, amid flailing prospects for global trade and investment in the near-term, the G-20 nations did agree to take joint actions to reaffirm the world’s faith in cross-border commerce and investment flows as a route to prosperity and growth for all. The government counted five concrete and action-oriented deliverables from the meet, including a dialogue on global standards to bridge regulatory divergences across countries and a compendium on best practices for mutual recognition of qualifications for professional services such as medicine, law and nursing. Asserting that the trade track outcomes were the most significant so far in the G-20 parleys, Commerce and Industry Minister Piyush Goyal highlighted the other three deliverables as new elements that hold importance for India. A generic framework to map global value chains, essentially to identify the weakest links and mitigate any shocks like those seen during the pandemic, is a good idea that may prove tricky to execute. Digitalisation of trade documents to ease flow of goods and services is welcome, but the principles identified in the pact pertain to paperwork on transactions such as transport, insurance, and storage, “not necessarily” to government filings for cross-border trade.
What has been coined as the Jaipur Call for Action to enhance Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises’ (MSMEs’) access to information’ may yield quicker and more tangible results. The International Trade Centre, WTO and UNCTAD, which operate the Global Trade Helpdesk, have been urged to work with G-20 members to upgrade their data portal for businesses and bridge the “information asymmetry” that often hinders small players. This resonates with Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s plea that G-20 Ministers strive to help MSMEs which account for 60%-70% of employment and 50% of the global GDP, integrate with global value chains as empowering them translates to societal empowerment. India, on its part, must also consider steps to bolster the capacity of its small enterprises. For one, its nudge for greenfield investments through productivity-linked incentives across sectors, can be tweaked to create a separate window for fresh outlays by MSMEs that cannot qualify for incentives based on larger investments. Moreover, bureaucratic red tape may have turned into a ‘red carpet’ for some large investors, but for smaller firms, getting a project off the ground is not easy yet.
Which of the given words is opposite in meaning to "tangible" in the context of the passage?
Esoteric
Compassionate
Abstract
Implacable
Perspicuous
Correct answer
Esoteric
**Direction: Read the given passage carefully to answer the following questions.
Each question will have five alternatives as its answer. Choose the correct option as your answer.**
Trade and investment Ministers of the G-20 nations, representing 80% of the world economy’s output, three-quarters of trade flows and three-fifths of the population, concluded their deliberations under India’s presidency of the bloc last week. A comprehensive communiqué was scuttled as China and Russia blocked a reference to geopolitical issues arising from the conflict in Ukraine, as has been the case since last year’s G-20 Bali summit. Yet, amid flailing prospects for global trade and investment in the near-term, the G-20 nations did agree to take joint actions to reaffirm the world’s faith in cross-border commerce and investment flows as a route to prosperity and growth for all. The government counted five concrete and action-oriented deliverables from the meet, including a dialogue on global standards to bridge regulatory divergences across countries and a compendium on best practices for mutual recognition of qualifications for professional services such as medicine, law and nursing. Asserting that the trade track outcomes were the most significant so far in the G-20 parleys, Commerce and Industry Minister Piyush Goyal highlighted the other three deliverables as new elements that hold importance for India. A generic framework to map global value chains, essentially to identify the weakest links and mitigate any shocks like those seen during the pandemic, is a good idea that may prove tricky to execute. Digitalisation of trade documents to ease flow of goods and services is welcome, but the principles identified in the pact pertain to paperwork on transactions such as transport, insurance, and storage, “not necessarily” to government filings for cross-border trade.
What has been coined as the Jaipur Call for Action to enhance Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises’ (MSMEs’) access to information’ may yield quicker and more tangible results. The International Trade Centre, WTO and UNCTAD, which operate the Global Trade Helpdesk, have been urged to work with G-20 members to upgrade their data portal for businesses and bridge the “information asymmetry” that often hinders small players. This resonates with Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s plea that G-20 Ministers strive to help MSMEs which account for 60%-70% of employment and 50% of the global GDP, integrate with global value chains as empowering them translates to societal empowerment. India, on its part, must also consider steps to bolster the capacity of its small enterprises. For one, its nudge for greenfield investments through productivity-linked incentives across sectors, can be tweaked to create a separate window for fresh outlays by MSMEs that cannot qualify for incentives based on larger investments. Moreover, bureaucratic red tape may have turned into a ‘red carpet’ for some large investors, but for smaller firms, getting a project off the ground is not easy yet.
According to the passage, what percentage of global employment and GDP do MSMEs account for?
40%-50% of employment and 60% of GDP
50%-60% of employment and 40% of GDP
60%-70% of employment and 50% of GDP
70%-80% of employment and 30% of GDP
30%-40% of employment and 70% of GDP
Correct answer
40%-50% of employment and 60% of GDP
Solving previous year questions by topic helps identify recurring concepts, question patterns, and frequently asked sub-topics. Attempt each question, review the step-by-step explanation, and note down key formulas or facts for quick revision before the exam.