Computer Knowledge PYQs

FORTRAN is an abbreviation that stands for the term “formula translation”. It is a machine-independent, high-level programming language which is used for mathematical & scientific purposes.

The correct answer is 1807.

Key Points

• (11100001111) = 1807
• Steps for conversion:
• Units place with 2^0, tens place with 2^1, hundreds place with 2^2 and so on from right to left
• Add all the products we got from step 1 to get the decimal equivalent of 11100001111.
• Using the above steps, here is the work involved in the solution for converting 11100001111 to a decimal number (Don't forget that we start from one place to tens and so on...)
• Decimal equivalent of "1" = 1 × 2^0 = 1
• Decimal equivalent of "1" = 1 × 2^1 = 2
• Decimal equivalent of "1" = 1 × 2^2 = 4
• Decimal equivalent of "1" = 1 × 2^3 = 8
• Decimal equivalent of "0" = 0 × 2^4 = 0
• Decimal equivalent of "0" = 0 × 2^5 = 0
• Decimal equivalent of "0" = 0 × 2^6 = 0
• Decimal equivalent of "0" = 0 × 2^7 = 0
• Decimal equivalent of "1" = 1 × 2^8 = 256
• Decimal equivalent of "1" = 1 × 2^9 = 512
• Decimal equivalent of "1" = 1 × 2^10 = 1024
• So, decimal equivalent of "11100001111" = 1+2+4+8+0+0+0+0+256+512+1024= 1807
• (11100001111)₁₀ = 1807

• 12^10 + 12^9 + 12^8 + 02^7 + 02^6 + 02^5 + 02^4 + 12^3 + 12^2 + 12^1 + 1*2^0 = 1024 + 512 + 256 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 8 + 4 + 2 + 1 = 1807

The correct answer is 325617.

Key Points 

• The octal equivalent of the binary number (11010101110001111)₂ is 325617.
• The octal numeral system, or oct for short, is the base-8 number system and uses the digits 0 to 7.
• Octal numerals can be made from binary numerals by grouping consecutive binary digits into groups of three (starting from the right).
• From right: (111)- 7 (001)-1 (110)-6 (101)-5 (010)-2 (011)-3

Additional Information

​Binary to Octal conversion table:

The correct answer is Apple

Key Points

• Apple Inc developed the family of Macintosh operating systems in 1984.

• This is the operating system that runs on Macintosh computers. It is pronounced, "mack-oh-es." The Mac OS has been around since the first Macintosh was introduced in 1984. Since then, it has been continually updated and many new features have been added to it.

Additional Information

• Since the core of the Mac OS was nearly decades-old, Apple decided to completely revamp the operating system. In March of 2001, Apple introduced a completely new version of the Mac OS that was written from the ground up. The company dubbed it "Mac OS X," correctly pronounced "Mac OS 10."
• Unlike earlier versions of the Mac OS, Mac OS X is based on the same kernel as Unix and has many advanced administrative features and utilities. Though the operating system is much more advanced than earlier versions of the Mac OS, it still has the same ease-of-use that people have come to expect from Apple software.
• The first version of the macOS, part of the "Classic" macOS series, was originally released in the mid-1980s. It did not possess a command line and could only run one application at a time. The first version of the Macintosh operating system to be named "macOS" was version 7.6.

A printer is an output device. Different types of printers like inkjet, dot matrix, laser printers etc. are used for getting the data printed on a paper as a hard copy. Scanner, mouse and keyboard are input devices.

The correct answer is Design

• The Design Tab contains all the features to change the look of your document in one place. To find out how to format your document using the design tab follow these simple instructions.
• To format your document with a theme
• Select Design (tab) | Document Formatting (group) | Themes (drop-down button)
• Select a theme from the drop-down list
• To select other design formats such as style, color, fonts, etc
• Select Design (tab) | Document Formatting (group)
• To change the page background
• Select Design (tab) | Page Background (group) and select one of the following: Watermark, page color, or page border

following are the functions of given shortcut key combinations:

1. Ctrl + A – select all
2. Ctrl + V – paste content that is copied to the clipboard
3. Ctrl + W – close a currently open document
4. Ctrl + X – cut the selected content and copy it to the clipboard

A computer worm is a standalone malware computer program that replicates itself in order to spread to other computers. Often, it uses a computer network to spread itself, relying on security failures on the target computer to access it. Unlike a computer virus, it does not need to attach itself to an existing program. Worms almost always cause at least some harm to the network, even if only by consuming bandwidth, whereas viruses almost always corrupt or modify files on a targeted computer.

Keyboard in not an output device, it is rather an input device.

The correct answer is Netscape Navigator.

Key Points

• Netscape Navigator is a web browser that was popular in the 1990s and was one of the first widely used web browsers.
• It was developed by Netscape Communications Corporation and played a key role in the early growth of the World Wide Web.
• The browser was eventually succeeded by Mozilla Firefox, which is built on Netscape's codebase.

Additional Information

• MSN Messenger (Option 1) is a messaging application developed by Microsoft, which was used for instant messaging, not for browsing the web.
• Yahoo Messenger (Option 2) is another messaging application developed by Yahoo, used for instant messaging, voice calls, and file sharing, but not for web browsing.
• Rediffbal.net (Option 3) is not a known web browser; it appears to be a fictional or incorrect option.

HTML stands for Hyper Text Markup Language which is used to create, edit and update webpages. It is also used to put effects and animations on the webpages.

A Uniform Resource Locator (URL), colloquially termed a web address, is a reference to a web resource that specifies its location on a computer network and a mechanism for retrieving it. A URL is a specific type of Uniform Resource Identifier (URI), although many people use the two terms interchangeably. URLs occur most commonly to reference web pages (http), but are also used for file transfer, email, database access and many other applications.

The correct answer is Delete

Important Points

• On a PC keyboard, the Backspace key deletes the character to the left of the cursor and moves the cursor back one space. On these keyboards pressing the Delete key removes the character to the right of the cursor, and the cursor does not change position.
• On an Apple keyboard, the Delete key behaves like the Backspace key on a PC keyboard. Pressing the Delete key on an Apple keyboard removes the character to the left of the cursor and moves the cursor back one space.

Key Points

• Pressing Delete (DEL) also deletes the currently highlighted text, image, or group of images.
• To delete all text in a text file, you can use the shortcut key to select all text which is Ctrl+A. Once all text is highlighted press the Del or Backspace to delete all highlighted text.
• On desktop computer keyboards, there are two delete keys (one along with Function keys or above backspace, and another on numeric keypad near '0' key) on the keyboard. On laptop computers with no numeric keypad, there is only one delete key on the keyboard. If you have a Chromebook, there are no delete keys.

The correct answer is Fire fox.

Key Points

• Fire fox is a web browser developed by Mozilla Foundation. It allows users to access and navigate the internet.
• Web browsers are software applications used to retrieve, present, and traverse information resources on the World Wide Web.

Additional Information

• Paint: Paint is a simple graphics painting program that is included with all versions of Microsoft Windows. It is not a web browser.
• Power point: PowerPoint is a presentation program developed by Microsoft. It is used to create slideshows composed of text, graphics, and other objects. It is not a web browser.
• Word: Microsoft Word is a word processor developed by Microsoft. It is used for creating, editing, and formatting text documents. It is not a web browser.

• PROM stands for Programmable Read Only Memory.
• Read only memory (ROM) is a type of memory that is used in electronics and computers. It is a non-volatile memory, that is, information stored in such a memory is permanent and cannot be changed.
• Other two types of ROM are Electrically Erasable Programmable ROM (EEPROM) and Erasable Programmable ROM (EPROM).

The correct answer is Super Large scale Integration.

Important Points

• The third generation (1966-75) of computers introduced Integrated Circuits and replaced transistors.
• A single device can perform operations of computations. Examples are microprocessor chips, micro-controllers, basic PICs, and calculators.
• between 10, 000 and 100,000 transistors in Super-Large Scale Integration or (SLSI).
• Contain up to 10 transistors in Small Scale Integration or (SSI).
• between 10 and 100 transistors in Medium Scale Integration or (MSI).
• between 100 and 1,000 transistors in Large Scale Integration or (LSI).
• between 1,000 and 10,000 transistors in Very-Large Scale Integration or (VLSI).
• more than 1 million transistors in Ultra-Large Scale Integration or (ULSI).

The slide show displays the slides on the screen and play those as per the chosen animations and effects. The shortcut in PPT (PowerPoint)  is functional key F5.

The correct answer is Only (ii)

• ROM is a non-volatile memory.
• Non-volatile memory,  NVM, or non-volatile storage is a type of computer memory that can retrieve stored information even after having been power cycled (turned off and back on).
• Whereas Volatile memory is the memory that can not be retrieved after having been power cycled.

Additional Information

• Examples of non-volatile memory include read-only memory, flash memory, ferroelectric RAM, most types of magnetic computer storage devices (e.g. hard disk drives, floppy disks, and magnetic tape), optical discs, and early computer storage methods such as paper tape and punched cards.
• Examples of volatile memory include RAM.

The correct answer is Business data processing applications.

Key Points

• COBOL stands for common business oriented language as it was designed specifically for processing data applications related to business.

The correct answer is Word processing software

• Sometimes called Winword, MS Word, or Word, Microsoft Word is a word processor published by Microsoft. It is one of the office productivity applications included in the Microsoft Office suite. Originally developed by Charles Simonyi and Richard Brodie, it was first released in 1983.
• Microsoft Word is available for Microsoft Windows, Apple macOS, Android, and Apple iOS. It can also run on the Linux operating system using WINE.
• Microsoft Word allows you to create professional-quality documents, reports, letters, and résumés. Unlike a plain text editor, Microsoft Word has features including spell check, grammar check, text and font formatting, HTML support, image support, advanced page layout, and more.
• Below is an overview of a Microsoft Word 2010 document.