Environmental Studies PYQs

Primary EVS education primarily focuses on creating experiential and practical learning opportunities that draw on the local context and utilize easily available materials.

Key Points

• Local resources: These provide context and relevance to the students' learning. By using the local environment and resources as teaching tools, teachers can help students make connections between theoretical concepts and their real-world applications. This could include local plants, animals, weather patterns, geographical features, etc.
• Experiments using easily available material: This is particularly relevant for young learners. Easy and safe experiments using readily available material can help students understand concepts better. For example, using household items for experiments can make abstract scientific concepts more tangible for the students.

Thus, it is concluded that for teaching Environmental Science (EVS) in primary classes, local resources and experiments using easily available materials are essential.

Key Points

• Allowing each child to participate actively in the experiment fosters an environment of experiential learning and inquiry.
• Students can learn better when they get a chance to do, observe, and reflect upon the activities themselves.
• This promotes active learning and helps students develop scientific skills such as observing, recording, analyzing, and interpreting data.
• It also allows them to draw their own conclusions and construct their understanding, which is a key aspect of meaningful learning.

Therefore, allowing each child to perform the activity, observe, record, and make meaning of his or her observations is the most appropriate approach for students in the learning of EVS through experiments.

Key Points

 A portfolio in an educational context is a compilation of academic work and other forms of educational evidence assembled for the purpose of

• evaluating coursework quality, learning progress, and academic achievement
• determining whether students have met learning standards or other academic requirements for courses, grade-level promotion, and graduation
• helping students reflect on their academic goals and progress as learners
• creating a lasting archive of academic work products, accomplishments, and other documentation.

Thus, it is concluded that a portfolio can be viewed as cumulative evidence of successive learning achievement over a specific period.

Hint

• While report cards and assessment record registers also record academic achievement, they typically provide less comprehensive, less personalized evidence of student learning.
• An assessment indicator scoring booklet is a tool used for evaluation, not a record of cumulative learning.

A student-centered method of teaching places the student at the center of the learning process, emphasizing active participation, critical thinking, and student engagement.

Key Points

• The project method is a student-centered approach to teaching and learning, particularly in subjects like EVS.
• In this method, students are actively involved in exploring and investigating real-world problems or topics of interest.
• They engage in hands-on activities, research, data collection, analysis, and presentation of their findings.
• The project method encourages critical thinking, problem-solving, collaboration, and independent learning.
• It allows students to take ownership of their learning and promotes a deeper understanding of the subject matter.

Thus, it is concluded that Project method is the correct answer.

Key Points

• Inviting a doctor to talk about how snake bites are treated and cured can provide Indira with expert knowledge and insights into the medical process. The doctor can explain the scientific aspects, the use of snake venom in medicine, and the rationale behind it. This interactive session can address Indira's doubts, provide clarifications, and offer a professional perspective.
• A video presentation showing the process of how medicine is prepared from snake's poison can provide visual illustrations and demonstrations. This can help Indira visualize the steps involved, understand the transformation of the snake's poison into a useful medicine, and grasp the scientific principles behind it.

Thus, it is concluded that A and D is the correct answer.

Key Points

• Anita's statement regarding the advantage of choosing 'percentage' for reporting performance of students in assessments is percentage is easy to use and interpret for administrative purposes.
• This statement suggests that Anita is emphasizing the practicality and convenience of using percentages for administrative purposes.
• Percentages provide a straightforward numerical representation of student performance, making it easier for administrative tasks such as grade calculation, record-keeping, and reporting.
• It implies that percentages offer efficiency and simplicity in managing assessment data.

Thus, it is concluded that option 4 is the correct answer.

Playful activities are organized for children primarily to promote their physical activity, cognitive development, social skills, and overall learning.

Key Points

• Playful activities provide children with opportunities to engage in active, hands-on experiences that promote their overall development and learning.
• Through play, children can explore, experiment, and discover new things.
• Playful activities stimulate creativity, problem-solving abilities, and critical thinking.
• Play also encourages children to interact with their peers, develop social skills, and enhance their communication and collaboration abilities.

Thus, it is concluded that playful activities are organized for children to remain active and promote their learning.

An activity, in an educational context, is a learning task that involves students actively participating and engaging with the content, concepts, or skills they are learning.

Key Points

• An open-ended exploration refers to an activity that allows for multiple possibilities, interpretations, and outcomes.
• It encourages children to think critically, explore different perspectives, and come up with their own solutions or ideas.
• In an open-ended exploration activity, there may not be a single correct answer or predefined outcome, allowing children to engage in creative thinking, problem-solving, and independent discovery.

Thus, it is concluded that an activity is open-ended exploration.

Hint

• Verifying principles given in the textbook: This refers to an activity where students verify or test the principles or concepts mentioned in their textbook through practical experiments or observations.
• Helping children to learn: While all activities in education are intended to facilitate children's learning, this option does not specifically describe the nature or characteristic of the activity.
• A way of presenting concepts: While activities can be used as a way to present or demonstrate concepts, this option does not capture the interactive, participatory nature of an activity.

EVS (Environmental Studies) is an interdisciplinary subject that integrates knowledge and concepts from various disciplines such as biology, geography, chemistry, social sciences, and more.

 Key Points

• It explores the interactions between the environment, society,  and individuals.
• EVS takes a holistic approach to studying the environment and its impact on human beings, emphasizing the interconnectedness of ecological, social, and cultural aspects.
• It encourages students to develop a comprehensive understanding of environmental issues, sustainable development, and responsible citizenship.

Thus, it is concluded that EVS as a subject is interdisciplinary.

Hint

• Cross-disciplinary: Cross-disciplinary refers to the combination or integration of different disciplines, which is a characteristic of EVS. However, the term "interdisciplinary" more accurately describes the nature of EVS.
• Disciplinary: EVS goes beyond the boundaries of a single discipline and draws from multiple disciplines, making it broader than a disciplinary subject.
• Intradisciplinary: Intradisciplinary refers to the study or research within a specific discipline. Since EVS draws from multiple disciplines, it does not fall under the category of intradisciplinary.

An EVS textbook refers to a textbook specifically designed for teaching and learning about the environment, its components, and their interactions with human beings and society.

Key Points

• Provide opportunities to question and explore: EVS textbooks should encourage students to question, inquire, and explore the concepts and topics being taught. This promotes critical thinking, curiosity, and a deeper understanding of the subject matter.
• Discourage rote memorization: EVS textbooks should discourage rote memorization by promoting understanding, analysis, and application of knowledge. Instead of focusing solely on memorizing facts, they should emphasize conceptual understanding, problem-solving, and practical application.
• Avoid definitions and detailed descriptions: EVS textbooks should avoid relying solely on definitions and detailed descriptions. Instead, they should adopt a more engaging and interactive approach, incorporating activities, case studies, examples, and real-life applications to enhance understanding and make the content more relatable to students.

Thus, it is concluded that B, C, and D is the correct answer.

The correct answer is Gwalior, Bhopal, Nagpur, Vijayawada, Chennai, Thiruvananthapuram.

Key Points

• Option 1 is the correct sequence of major railway stations you will come across after Delhi while travelling to Thiruvananthapuram by train.
• The correct sequence of major railway stations is Delhi, Gwalior, Bhopal, Nagpur, Vijayawada, Chennai, and Thiruvananthapuram.
• Option 2 is incorrect as the sequence of Bhopal and Vijayawada is interchanged.
• Option 3 is incorrect as the sequence of Bhopal and Gwalior is interchanged, and Chennai and Vijayawada are also interchanged.
• Option 4 is incorrect as the sequence of Gwalior and Nagpur is interchanged, and Bhopal and Vijayawada are also interchanged.

Additional Information

• Gwalior, Bhopal, Nagpur, Vijayawada, Chennai, and Thiruvananthapuram are major railway stations that fall on the route from Delhi to Thiruvananthapuram.
• Option 2, 3, and 4 have incorrect sequences of major railway stations.
• The correct sequence of major railway stations is important to plan the journey and make necessary arrangements.

The correct answer is Take cover under a desk or table.

Key Points

• The question is asking about the safety measure to be followed during an earthquake in school.
• Option 1: Rushing out of the building during an earthquake can be dangerous as the tremors can cause debris to fall and injure people.
• It is not a recommended safety measure.
• Option 2: Holding an earthquake drill for all students is a good practice, but it is not a safety measure that can be followed during an actual earthquake.
• Option 3: Taking cover under a desk or table is the correct safety measure to be followed during an earthquake.
• It provides protection from falling objects and reduces the risk of injury.
• Option 4: Going near the windows during an earthquake can be dangerous as the glass panes can shatter and injure people.
• It is not a recommended safety measure.
• Taking cover under a desk or table provides protection from falling objects.
• It reduces the risk of injury during an earthquake.
• Students should be taught to hold onto the desk or table legs to prevent it from moving during the tremors.
• Students should stay under the desk or table until the shaking stops and it is safe to come out.
• Therefore, the correct answer to the question is option 3 - Take cover under a desk or table.

The correct answer is Kalamkari.

Key Points

• The question is asking about a specific art form that involves dyeing clothes and making designs using natural colors.
• Option 1: Madhubani is a style of Indian painting that originated in Bihar, but it does not involve dyeing clothes.
• Option 2: Warli is a tribal art form from Maharashtra that involves making geometric designs on walls and floors using white pigment, but it does not involve dyeing clothes.
• Option 3: Kalamkari is an art form from Andhra Pradesh that involves dyeing clothes and making designs using natural colors like cow dung, indigo, turmeric, etc.
• This is the correct answer.
• Option 4: Phulkari is a style of embroidery from Punjab that involves making floral designs on clothes, but it does not involve dyeing clothes.
• Kalamkari:
• It is an ancient art form that has been practiced for over 3000 years.
• The word "Kalamkari" means "pen work" in Hindi, as the designs are made using a special pen.
• Kalamkari designs often depict scenes from Hindu mythology or nature.
• The process of making Kalamkari involves several steps, including preparing the fabric, drawing the design, and dyeing the fabric using natural colors.

Additional Information

• Madhubani:
• It is a style of painting that originated in Bihar and involves making intricate designs using bright colors and bold lines.
• It is often done on walls and floors.
• Warli:
• It is a tribal art form from Maharashtra that involves making geometric designs using white pigment on a red-brown background.
• The designs often depict scenes from daily life or nature.
• Phulkari:
• It is a style of embroidery from Punjab that involves making floral designs on clothes using brightly colored thread.
• It is often done on shawls, dupattas, and other traditional clothing items.

The correct answer is Roti, Dal, Rajma, Aaloo Paratha.

Key Points

• The question is asking about the main food of the people of the State to which Neeraj Chopra belongs.
• Option 1 mentions Idli, Chutney, Rice, and Sambar which are popular South Indian dishes.
• This option may be the main food of the people in some parts of India, but not necessarily in the State to which Neeraj Chopra belongs.
• Option 2 mentions Roti, Dal, Rajma, and Aaloo Paratha which are popular North Indian dishes.
• This option is the correct answer as it represents the main food of the people in the State to which Neeraj Chopra belongs.
• Option 3 mentions Roti, Sambar, Bamboo Curry, and Fish curry which are popular dishes in some parts of India.
• This option may be the main food of the people in some states, but not necessarily in the State to which Neeraj Chopra belongs.
• Option 4 mentions Tapioca, Rice, and Fish curry which are popular dishes in some parts of India.
• This option may be the main food of the people in some states, but not necessarily in the State to which Neeraj Chopra belongs.
• Roti, Dal, Rajma, and Aaloo Paratha are popular North Indian dishes.
• Roti is a type of Indian bread made from wheat flour.
• Dal is a lentil soup that is a staple in Indian cuisine.
• Rajma is a kidney bean curry that is popular in North India.
• Aaloo Paratha is a type of Indian bread stuffed with spiced mashed potatoes.

Additional Information

• Idli, Chutney, Rice, and Sambar are popular South Indian dishes.
• Idli is a type of steamed rice cake, Chutney is a condiment made with herbs and spices, Rice is a staple food in India, and Sambar is a lentil and vegetable stew.
• Roti, Sambar, Bamboo Curry, and Fish curry are popular dishes in some parts of India.
• Bamboo Curry is a dish made with bamboo shoots, and Fish curry is a type of curry made with fish.

The correct answer is Reusing.

Key Points

• Reusing refers to using an item again for its original purpose or for a new purpose without changing its form.
• Himani is using the empty water bottles to store different liquids and also as planters for her classroom decoration.
• Recycling refers to the process of converting waste into new materials or products.
• Himani is not converting the used water bottles into new products, but rather using them as they are.
• Reducing refers to reducing waste by limiting the use of resources.
• Himani is not limiting the use of resources, but rather finding a new purpose for the used water bottles.
• Upcycling refers to the process of transforming waste materials or unwanted products into new products of better quality or higher environmental value.
• While Himani is repurposing the used water bottles, she is not necessarily creating a product of higher quality or environmental value.

Additional Information

• Reusing:
• Helps to reduce waste and conserve resources.
• Can save money by finding new uses for items instead of buying new ones.
• Can be a creative way to repurpose items and give them a new life.
• Reusing can be done on a small scale, such as in Himani's classroom, or on a larger scale, such as in industrial processes.

The correct answer is Potato, Rose, Sugarcane.

Key Points

• The question asks about plants that are propagated by vegetative plant parts.
• Option 1 and 4 mention cereal crops which are usually propagated by seeds.
• Option 2 mentions one plant (cabbage) that is propagated by seeds, but also includes sugarcane and potato which are propagated by vegetative parts.
• Option 3 includes only plants that are commonly propagated by vegetative parts.
• Vegetative propagation involves growing new plants from stems, leaves, roots, or other plant parts that are not seeds.
• Sugarcane is propagated by stem cuttings.
• Potato is propagated by tubers (modified stems).
• Rose can be propagated by cuttings or grafting, but it is not mentioned in the options.
• Therefore, option 3 is the correct answer because it includes only plants that are propagated by vegetative parts.

Additional Information

• Rice, wheat, and oats are cereal crops that are usually propagated by seeds.
• Wheat is not usually propagated by vegetative parts, but can be propagated by tillers (modified stems) in some cases.

The correct answer is Sugarcane, Potato, Ginger, Lotus stem.

Key Points

• The question asks to select a group of food items obtained from the same part of the plant.
• Option 1 includes items obtained from different parts of the plant - Apple from the fruit, Potato from the root, Tomato from the fruit, and Sugarcane from the stem.
• Option 2 also includes items obtained from different parts of the plant - Spinach from the leaf, Ginger from the root, Sugarcane from the stem, and Carrot from the root.
• Option 3 includes items obtained from the stem or rhizome of the plant - Sugarcane, Potato, Ginger, and Lotus stem.
• This is the correct option.
• Sugarcane is a tall perennial grass and its juice is used to make sugar and other sweeteners.
• Potatoes are a starchy root vegetable that is a good source of carbohydrates.
• Ginger is a root with a pungent and spicy flavor that is used in cooking and as a natural remedy for various ailments.
• Lotus stem is a crunchy and nutritious vegetable that is commonly used in Asian cuisine.
• Option 4 includes items obtained from different parts of the plant - Spinach from the leaf, Cabbage from the leafy head, Jeera from the seed, and Potato from the root.

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Additional Information 

• Apples, potatoes, and tomatoes are all obtained from different parts of the plant.
• Spinach and cabbage are leafy vegetables, while ginger and lotus stem are obtained from the root or stem of the plant.
• Carrots are root vegetables that are rich in Vitamin A and fiber.
• Jeera, also known as cumin, is a spice commonly used in Indian and Middle Eastern cuisine.

The correct answer is D is daughter-in-law of A.

Key Points

• The relationship between A and D is that D is the daughter-in-law of A.
• This means that D is married to B who is the son of A.
• Option 1 is correct.
• Option 2, which says that D is parent-in-law of A, is incorrect as there is no such relationship.
• Option 3, which says that D is mother of A, is also incorrect as A is the parent of B who is the father of C, and D is the wife of B.
• This means that D cannot be the mother of A.
• Option 4, which says that D is daughter of A, is also incorrect as it is not mentioned anywhere in the question that D is related to A by blood.

Additional Information

• Daughter-in-law is a term used to refer to the wife of one's son.
• In some cultures, daughter-in-law is expected to show respect and obedience to her husband's parents.
• In some cases, daughter-in-law may also be responsible for taking care of her husband's parents in their old age.
• Other possible relationships that could have been mentioned in the question include sister-in-law, brother-in-law, and mother-in-law.

The correct answer is Mango.

Key Points

• Option 1: Sunflower - Sunflower seeds are usually dispersed by wind, not animals.
• Option 2: Aak (Madar) - Aak seeds have a hard outer coat that requires fire or intense heat to germinate, so they are not typically dispersed by animals.
• Option 3: Mango - Mango seeds are often dispersed by animals, as they are eaten by birds and mammals and then excreted elsewhere, allowing for new trees to grow.
• Option 4: Coconut - Coconuts are also dispersed by animals, particularly by sea creatures that carry them to other islands.
• Therefore, the correct answer is option 3, Mango, as it is most likely to be dispersed by animals.

Additional Information

• Animals that eat mangoes include fruit bats, monkeys, and birds.
• Mango seeds are protected by a tough, fibrous coat that must be broken down by digestive enzymes before they can germinate.
• Mangoes can also be dispersed by humans, who may plant them in new locations.
• While coconuts are also dispersed by animals, they are more commonly dispersed by ocean currents and waves.

The correct answer is Owl, Eagle, Kite.

Key Points

• Option 3: Owl, Eagle, Kite - These birds are similar in their food habits as they are all carnivores and hunt for their prey.
• Owls, eagles, and kites are all birds of prey and have sharp talons and beaks to capture and eat their prey.
• Owls are nocturnal hunters, while eagles and kites hunt during the day.
• These birds are at the top of the food chain and play an important role in maintaining the balance of the ecosystem.
• Therefore, the correct answer is option 3.

Additional Information

• Option 1: Peacock, Parrot, Pigeon - These birds have different food habits.
• Peacocks are omnivores, parrots are herbivores, and pigeons are granivores.
• Option 2: Parrot, Crow, Owl - These birds have different food habits.
• Parrots are herbivores, crows are omnivores, and owls are carnivores.
• Option 4: Woodpecker, Vulture, Koel - These birds have different food habits.
• Woodpeckers are insectivores, vultures are scavengers, and koels are frugivores.