English Comprehension PYQs

The correct answer is 'components'.

Key Points

• The word "components" reflects the meaning of constituents, parts, or elements that combine to form a system or a whole (घटक).
• The elements such as objectives, ideology, programmes, leadership, and organisation can be comprehended as different 'components' creating a social movement as a whole.

Therefore, the correct answer is 'Option 2'.

Additional Information

• "Constituent" often refers to an essential part of something, but it is more commonly used in the context of a member of a constituency or a fundamental element in a system (तत्व).
• "Pieces" usually refer to a part of a whole but mostly in the context of physical entities. It's not commonly used in the context of societal or abstract frameworks (टुकड़े).
• "Ingredient" typically refers to one of the substances that are combined to make a particular dish or component. (घटक).

The correct answer is 'Influencing'.

Key Points

• The word 'Influencing' is having an impact on the character, development, or behavior of someone or something. ('प्रभावित करना').
• In the context of the given sentence, the social elements like objectives, ideology, programmes, leadership, and organisation are not in isolation but they affect each other meaning they have an influence on each other.

Therefore, the correct answer is 'option 4'.

Additional Information

• 'Opposing' (विरोधी) means resisting or combating something.
• 'Effecting' (प्रभावित करना) means causing (something) to happen.
• 'Familiarising' (परिचित करना) means making (someone) aware or conversant with something.

The correct answer is 'narrow'.

Key Points

• The word 'narrow' means Limited in extent, amount, or scope. (संकीर्ण)
• In the context of the sentence, the objectives of the movement initially focus on specific or local issues but then shift to broader aims of social transformation.
• Therefore, the most appropriate word to fill in the blank would be "narrow," as it contrasts with "broad aims" in the following part of the sentence.

Therefore, the correct answer is 'option 3'.

Additional Information

• 'Scanty' (अल्प) means small or insufficient in quantity or amount.
• **'wide' (**चौड़ा ) means is having a great extent from side to side; broad.
• 'Confine' (सीमित करना) means keep or restrict someone or something within certain limits.

The correct answer is "for".

Key Points

• The word "for" is a preposition used to indicate the purpose or intended goal of something or someone. ("के लिए").
• In the context of the sentence, the word "for" would indicate the aim or goal of social transformation.

Therefore, the correct answer is "Option 1".

Additional Information

• "By" is a preposition used to express agency or who has done the action in a sentence. ("द्वारा".)
• "With" is a preposition used to indicate accompanying or associating. ("के साथ").
• "And" is a conjunction used to connect two or more words, phrases, or clauses of the same type. ("और").

The correct answer is 'bogged down'.

Key Points

• The phrase "bogged down" refers to being slowed down, to become too involved in small details, or to face difficulty progressing with something. It carries a negative connotation, suggesting an inability to move forward or progress due to obstacles or complications. ("अधिक जटिल होना").

Therefore, the correct answer is "option 3".

Additional Information

• 'Turns into' means to become or start to be something. ("में बदल जाता है").
• 'Turn out' refers to the end result or how something ultimately becomes. ("निकलना").
• 'Bogged out' is not commonly used in English and does not have a specific meaning. Hence, it's not a correct choice.

The correct answer is 'undergoes'.

Key Points

• The term 'undergoes' is used to indicate that someone or something experiences or goes through something. It refers to experiencing a process of change, development, or transformation. ("अनुभव करता है" or "सहन करता है").

Therefore, the correct answer is 'option 4'.

Additional Information

• 'Went' ("गया") is the past form of 'go', indicating a move or departure.
• 'Proceeds' ("आगे बढ़ता है") indicates an advancement or progression. While ideology can proceed or develop, the term might not capture the full scope of the change or adaptation ideology can experience.
• 'Precedes' ("पहले होना") means to come before something in time, position, or rank.

The correct answer is 'mobilise'.

Key Points

• The term 'mobilise' is used to denote organising and encouraging a group of people to take collective action in pursuit of a particular objective. ("संगठित करना" or "उत्साहित करना").

Therefore, the correct answer is 'Option 2'.

The correct answer is 'sustain'.

Key Points

• The term 'sustain' is used to indicate the ability to maintain or continue something over a long period. ("बनाए रखना" or "निरंतरता").

Therefore, the correct answer is 'option 4'.

Additional Information

• 'Threaten' ("धमकी देना") involves expressing an intention to cause harm or damage.
• 'Bluster' ("डींग हांकना") refers to talking in a loud, aggressive, or indifferent way.
• 'Blow' ("फूंकना") can refer to moving or carrying something by the force of the wind or a current of air.

The correct answer is 'which'.

Key Points

• 'Which' is a pronoun used to refer back to something previously mentioned or easily identified. ("जिसे" or "जो").
• In the context of the

Statement:

"Leadership which initiates or emerges in the course of the growth of the movement plays a crucial role in ideology and objectives, evolving strategies and programmes and maintaining the spirit of the participant."

• Here, 'which' refers back to 'leadership', identifying a characteristic or action related to it.

Therefore, the correct answer is 'option 2'.

Additional Information

• 'Where" ("जहां") is used when referring to a particular place.
• 'How' ("कैसे") is typically used to ask about the manner in which something happens or is done.
• 'More' ("अधिक") is used to specify a greater amount or degree of something.

The correct answer is 'articulating'.

Key Points

• 'Articulating' means expressing an idea or feeling fluently and coherently or putting an idea into words. ("स्पष्ट रूप से व्यक्त करना")
• In the context of the statement, "Leadership plays a crucial role in articulating ideology and objectives, evolving strategies and programmes, and maintaining the spirit of the participant." This suggests that leadership is essential in clearly expressing or defining the ideology and objectives.

Therefore, the correct answer is 'option 3'.

Additional Information

• 'Supersedes' ("बदल देना" or "पदोन्नति करना"), is used to indicate taking the place of a person or thing previously in authority or use; supersede.
• 'Assumption' ("मान्यता") means a thing that is accepted as true or as certain to happen, without proof. It's inappropriate here as the Leadership is not assuming but expressing the ideology and objectives.
• 'Supposition' ("अनुमान") refers to an uncertain belief or idea that is used as the basis for a decision or reasoning.

The correct answer is "in spite of".

Key Points

• The most appropriate option to fill in the blank is "in spite of".
• The sentence "He persevered in spite of difficulties," indicates that he continued to push forward even though there were difficulties.
• The phrase "in spite of" is used to express a contrast where an action is taken or a situation exists, regardless of a potential barrier or hurdle.

Therefore, the correct answer is "option 4".

Complete Sentence: He persevered in spite of difficulties.

The correct answer is "because of".

Key Points

• The most appropriate option to fill in the blank is "because of".
• The sentence "He walked slowly because of his bandaged leg," implies that the reason he was walking slowly was due to his bandaged leg.
• The phrase "because of" is used to indicate the cause or reason for something happening.

Therefore, the correct answer is "because of".

Complete Sentence: He walked slowly because of his bandaged leg.

The correct answer is "in lieu of".

Key Points

• The most appropriate option to fill in the blank is "in lieu of".
• The sentence "He accepted the car in lieu of his claim for Rs. 50,000," means that he accepted the car as a substitute or replacement for his claim of Rs. 50,000.
• The phrase "in lieu of" is used when something is given or done as a substitute or replacement for something else.

Therefore, the correct answer is "option 2".

Complete Sentence: He accepted the car in lieu of his claim for Rs. 50,000.

The correct answer is "in".

Key Points

• The most appropriate option to fill in the blank is "in".
• The sentence "I'll phone you sometime in the afternoon," correctly uses the preposition "in" to indicate a nonspecific time within a certain period (the afternoon in this case).
• The use of "in" is common when talking about periods of time like morning, afternoon, evening or seasons.

Therefore, the correct answer is "option 3".

Complete Sentence: I'll phone you sometime in the afternoon. 

Additional Information

• "On," wouldn't fit here, as "on" is used more commonly with specific days or dates (e.g., "on Tuesday," "on the 3^rd of January").
• "At," is typically used while referring to precise times rather than general periods (e.g., "at 3pm," "at midnight").
• "Into," would not be correct either as it generally indicates movement from one place to another or a change in state, which is not applicable in this context.

The correct answer is "concerning".

Key Points

• The most appropriate option to fill in the blank is "concerning".
• The sentence "He raised several questions concerning the future of the organisation," correctly uses the word "concerning" to mean "about" or "regarding."
• It indicates that the questions he raised pertain to or are related to the future of the organisation.

Therefore, the correct answer is "option 3".

Complete Sentence: He raised several questions concerning the future of the organisation. 

Additional Information

• "Concern to," is not grammatically correct in this context. We wouldn't say "questions concern to" something; "questions concern" something is the grammatically correct usage.
• "Concerned for," imply a sense of worry or anxiety. It might work in a context where one is worried about the future of the organisation, but doesn't really fit in this context where he is just asking questions about it.
• "Concerned with" is typically used to denote involvement or engagement with something, while "concerning" more directly shows the relationship between the questions and the future of the organisation.

The correct answer is "on".

Key Points

• The most appropriate option to fill in the blank is "on".
• The sentence "He is the gentleman whose name is written on the board," correctly uses the preposition "on" to indicate that his name appears on the surface of the board.
• When discussing writing or drawing on a surface, the preposition "on" is commonly used.

Therefore, the correct answer is "option 4".

Complete Sentence: He is the gentleman whose name is written on the board.

The correct answer is "On account of".

Key Points

• The most appropriate option to fill in the blank is "On account of".
• This phrase is used to indicate the reason for something.
• Here, it suggests that it is due to his negligence that the company suffered a heavy loss.

Therefore, the correct answer is "option 3".

Complete Sentence: On account of his negligence the company suffered a heavy loss. 

Additional Information

• "In accordance with" is used when something is done according to a particular rule, law, or demand.
• "Instead of" is used to suggest a replacement or a substitution.
• "In front of" suggests a physical location or direct observation, generally indicating a spatial relationship.

The correct answer is "option 3".

Key Points

• The most appropriate option to fill in the blank is "Notwithstanding".
• "Notwithstanding" is used to indicate that something happened or may happen even though there is something else that might prevent it from happening.
• In this sentence, it suggests that even though the culprit put up a resistance, the police still managed to arrest him.
• The word "notwithstanding" is essentially equivalent to "despite" or "in spite of".

Therefore, the correct answer is "option 3".

Complete Sentence: Notwithstanding the resistance offered by the culprit, he was arrested by the police.  

Additional Information

• "Regarding" is used when referring to a thing or fact, often to talk about or to introduce a topic.
• "Respecting" in language context typically means about or concerning a thing or fact.
• "Considering" generally means to take into account or think about a particular fact when judging a situation.

The correct answer is "As a consequence of".

Key Points

• The most appropriate option to fill in the blank is "As a consequence of".
• "As a consequence of" is used to indicate that one event or situation is caused by another.
• Here, it suggests that his inability to finish the work on time was a result of his illness.

Therefore, the correct answer is "option 2".

Complete Sentence: As a consequence of his illness, he could not finish the work on time.

The correct answer is "By means of".

Key Points

• The most appropriate option to fill in the blank is "By means of".
• "By means of" is used to indicate the method or procedure used to achieve something.
• In this sentence, it suggests that rope ladders were the tools or method they used to accomplish the act of scaling the wall.

​Therefore, the correct answer is "option 1".

Complete Sentence: By means of rope ladders they scaled the wall.  

Additional Information

• "Throughout the" indicates something happening continuously during a certain period of time or at every point in a particular space.
• "For the sake of" is generally used to indicate something done for a particular purpose, benefit, or interest.
• "By way" is not a complete phrase.