CDS English 19 Nov 2017 Official Paper (Previous Year Paper)

As the first sentence S1 is given to us, we can see that is talks about the geographical location of Egypt and the last sentence S6 talks about the country’s source of water which is the Nile, we have to arrange the remaining sentences in a way that they convey the other given information in a systematic manner.

The first sentence: should be R which tells us about the size of Egypt following the information regarding geographical location provided in S1.

The second sentence: should be P which tells us about the portion of the desert in the country.

The third sentence: should be S which tells about the amount of cultivable land available in Egypt.

The fourth sentence: it has to be Q only so that it leads us to the information which is provided in the last sentence S6 regarding water resources. Thus, it’s Q which tells us that Egypt receives very little rainfall.

The opening sentence S1 gives the hint that the passage is to be arranged in a way which shows the importance of hard work and regular practice.

First sentence: It should be Q as this sentence begins with explaining the reason behind the importance of perpetual practice that is been talked about in S1.

Second sentence: It should be S as hereafter, we proceed to talk about an example which takes into account the possibility of hitting an aim with an arrow.

Third sentence: It should P as it tells about the uselessness of the mindless shooting by the person with an arrow and how that cannot be called as progress.

Fourth sentence: It should be R as it continues to discuss the futility of an unpractised aim and continues to say that either one should try to hit the aim properly or at least be aware of his/her mistakes if it is missed. It also leads to the conclusive statement given in S6.

The given first and last sentence give us a hint that the story mentions the event of the marriage of Issac’s mother but still the focus of the passage has to be Issac.

First sentence: It should be R as it’s not irrelevant to say that Issac might have been left with his grandmother after his mother got married.

Second sentence: It should be Q as it tells us how his grandmother now sent him to school.

Third sentence: Then relevant information that should follow is how Issac was as a student in school and we are told that he was not so much of a bright student, thus sentence S.

Fourth sentence: Now we have more information about how Issac was clever enough in making or building some things, therefore sentence P.

The given sentences humorously describe the event of examination in ones’ youth and the feeling of nervousness arousing from it.

First sentence: The speaker first tells us how these exams used to build up the tension for some fixed part of the year. It’s in sentence Q.

Second sentence: He/she then goes on to recollect the resulting nervousness at that time of exams from January to April. It is mentioned in sentence S.

Third sentence: The speaker says that he can still feel the nervousness in nightmares, even after four decades of the first horror. Thus, it is the sentence R.

Fourth sentence: Then sentence P tells us as to how the exams used to make the speaker jump out of his bed in sweat.

The topic in discussion here is the subject of history which is seen as unpopular universally.

Despite this, we are told, Toynbee dared to study this subject and to much astonishment of the others, he successfully created a different view about it. How history was usually viewed merely included a documentation of events in a chronological order. And this is where Toynbee’s view differed from others as he further tried to study a pattern of the rise and fall in civilisations. He did this by studying patterns behind birth, growth, etc. He also studied the Indian civilisation under the same rule.

First sentence: Thus, we are first told about the usual pattern of studying history in dates and time in sentence P.

Second sentence: We are then told about Toynbee’s idea in sentence Q.

Third sentence: In the following sentences, we discuss his methods of studying history in sentence S.

Fourth sentence: We continue to study these methods in sentence R.

The given set of sentences discusses the coming of Science as a subject in the world for the first time. It further talks about how enquiry into nature was unwelcomed by the church and experimenting with nature was considered to be wicked. Later, it shows how after the invasion of the Turks in the city of Constantinople, the Greek books reached far off places and started to be circulated.

First sentence: Thus the first sentence Q tells us how science was dealt with by the church in the middle ages after its advent in 1500 A.D.

Second sentence: The next sentence tells us about how it was considered to be wicked and evil whenever there was a free enquiry into the working of nature, hence, sentence S.

Third sentence: We are now told about the Turks’ invasion which allowed Greek books to reach places far away. Thus, sentence R.

Fourth sentence: The invasion further pushed the circulation of books which helped to expand the knowledge of science. This is mentioned in sentence P.

Here, we are told a story about a boy named Phatik who was just fourteen years old and already a problem for his mother. He was very mischievous and that is why his mother was continuously worried about his education and his life in general. Later, one of his uncles came to his rescue and offered to take the boy to Kolkata. When that happened, Phatik became more stable and industrious and later distinguished himself as a scholar.

First sentence: Thus the first sentence should express his mother’s concern for him. It is mentioned in sentence R how she was increasingly finding it difficult to raise a child like Phatik.

Second sentence: Then comes her worry about his education in sentence Q.

Third sentence: Then comes the entry of Phatik’s Uncle’s proposal in sentence P, to take him away to Kolkata.

Fourth sentence: Now we are told how Phatik changed as a student after staying away from home in sentence S.

The given set of sentences describes or rather narrates a story told to the speaker by his/ her grandmother which is about a sculptor. How, after dedicatedly making the idol, the sculptor threw away his tools and bowed down in front of the godly figure he had created and then forgot that he ever made it. Thus, we have to arrange the sentences to fulfil the sequence of this story.

First sentence:  The first would be an introduction to the only character in the story i.e. the sculptor, hence, sentence S.

Second sentence: Next would be an introduction to the figure he was to make i.e. an idol of god. Thus, the sentence P.

Third sentence: Next would be a description of the sculptor’s dedication towards his work. The more the sculptor was near completion, the more he was withdrawing within himself. Thus, sentence Q.

Fourth sentence: Now, we come to the final part of the story which tells how he threw his tools away and sat down to worship the idol he had just made. Hence, sentence R.

The given sentences describe how Ross’s experiments and work was appreciated by the British Medical Association and was recognised by the Royal Society who later elected him as a fellow in 1901. We are required to provide a correct sequence for the occurrence of events which led to this.

First sentence: The first in sequence after we know that Ross sent his work and specimens to Manson is that in July of 1898, Manson showed it to the British Medical Association. Hence, sentence Q.

Second sentence: Then we are told about their reaction. Sentence P tells us how Ross’s work created a sensation when it was described by Manson at the association.

Third sentence: Then follows more applause for it which is expressed in sentence S.

Fourth sentence: As we are told in S6 that Ross is elected as a fellow at the Royal Society, we can clearly infer that before that, people from the Royal society must have gone through Ross’s work or visited him. Hence, sentence R.

The given set of sentences talk about how civilization came into being once the caveman or early man discovered and learned to use heat and energy released by the burning of wood.

First sentence: From talking about our ancient past, we now have to shift in our not so old past i.e. at the time of industrial revolution when coal was burnt as a fuel. Hence, sentence R.

Second sentence: Now we are further into the process when coal was burnt, the steam that rose was used to produce electricity. We are told this only in sentence P.

Third sentence: We can note that the sequence is following a timeline and now we come to our immediate present where there are more sources of energy which include nuclear reactors, oil and natural gas. We get this information in sentence Q.

Fourth sentence: The last sentence is S which declares a fact that all the previously mentioned resources are non-renewable i.e. they cannot be restored manually and can only be replenished naturally which will take years to happen.

The given set of sentences talk about how the superstitious belief in ghosts continues to exist even after the advancement in science which has not able to prove its reality one hundred per cent. It still survives as a mystery which continues to interest people more than anything.

First sentence: The first sentence should be the one which introduces this topic clearly and carries forward the opening statement in S1. Hence, sentence S which talk about how even after so much progress in science and technology, there is no substantial proof of the reality of ghosts.

Second sentence: But since the curiosity is ever increasing, we see it’s clearly expressed in sentence P.

Third sentence: Then come a few experiments that people have done at their level which including capturing these supposed ghosts through the lens of the camera. This is told by sentence R.

Fourth sentence: The last in the sequence should be sentence Q, also because it expresses the futility of such attempts of clicking photographs of supposed ghost figures. We can also note a repetition in the use of the word 'attempt'.

The opening sentence S1 introduces the topic of discussion which is two different schools of thought which deal with the errors of learners. We have to arrange the remaining sentences in a meaningful sequence.

First sentence: Sentence R includes the word 'first' which is an automatic hint that it should be the first in the sequence.

Second sentence: Next sentence should be Q as it serves as a conclusive argument to the first school of thought which says that error is a result of faulty teaching methods.

Third sentence: Sentence P again contains the word 'second school of thought' which directly tells us about the second school of thought which calls error as a naturally occurring thing.

Fourth sentence: The sentence that should follow P should express the ideas of the second school of thought, hence, sentence S.

The speaker in the given sentences describes the situation of a conference hall of a hotel. That’s S1.

First sentence: Now the first information which can introduce the topic in discussion is that the hall is packed with delegates, hence, sentence Q.

Second sentence: We can now look for more information on these delegates. It is provided in sentence S which informs us that these delegates are executives of either an Indian or an Indo-US company.

Third sentence: Now, we have the speaker again who is trying to find a seat for himself in the crowded hall, hence, sentence P is the most fitting.

Fourth sentence: Now we should look for a sentence which tells us how some people are still standing in the hall and which also leads us to our final information in S6 that some are still leaning sideways on the walls of the hall. Thus, it has to be sentence R.

This group of sentences goes on to discuss the importance of discipline in the life of a sportsperson and how it can be attained.

First sentence: The very first sentence of the arrangement after S1, should be P. At the very beginning, we have the use of the word ‘first’ which is a direct hint. Thus we have our first lesson in discipline.

Second sentence: The next sentence should be R, as it begins with ‘then’ which denotes an event which immediately follows. Also, we can see that it is the second lesson in order to be disciplined.

Third sentence: This sentence can be an extended explanation of the second lesson, thus, sentence S.

Fourth sentence: The last sentence in the arrangement should work towards a conclusive statement. Thus, sentence Q which talks how if one follows the entire set of steps, one is no longer driven by impulsiveness of passion. Thus it gives way to the final argument in S6 that once the person is well trained in one area, it can be used effectively in other situations of life.

From the given set of sentences, we can infer that we are talking about a crime scene and therefore we have to rearrange the sentences to depict the sequence of events.

S1 tells us that the couple reached home late at night and the first thing they would have done is open the main door. Thus, sentence S will follow which tells us how they found the front door open.

The following sentence should express a tone of shock and confusion, thus, sentence P which informs that the couple immediately thought that somebody has broken the lock.

The fear of this shock might have followed them while entering the house, thus, sentence R where they try to enter the house carefully.

Before the concluding sentence in S6 where they call the police, we can infer that they must have found the things in their house in a disturbed manner. Therefore, the last sentence in the sequence would be Q. Hence the correct option is (2).

The correct answer is Option 2) R Q S P.

Key Points

• S1 introduces the topic by stating that the world's miseries cannot be cured by physical help alone. This sets the stage for discussing a deeper, more foundational approach to addressing miseries.
• R logically follows by explaining why physical help alone is insufficient, noting that as long as man's nature remains unchanged, physical needs and consequently miseries will continue to arise. This directly supports and expands upon the idea introduced in S1.
• Q builds upon R by reinforcing the idea that physical help, while perhaps necessary, will not remove miseries completely, emphasizing the limitations of physical solutions.
• S introduces the concept of enlightenment as the ultimate solution to the problem, suggesting that changing man’s inner nature is key to truly addressing miseries.
• P concludes the middle section by detailing what enlightenment looks like: providing light (knowledge or wisdom), strength, and education to mankind, which ties back to the need for a change in man's nature discussed in R and S.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 2) R Q S P.

Here we talk about how Aristotle used to work in his time-limited resources. That’s S1.

First sentence: Now we can have to select a sentence which elaborates the working conditions of Aristotle, hence, sentence R which tells us how the only tools at his disposal were a ruler and a compass and some other rough instruments.

Second sentence: Now we can choose a sentence which further talks about the various schools of thought. Hence, sentence S talks about how there was no base yet discovered to the increasing advancement in theories of science.

Third sentence: Now we can further see in sentence R, as to how all the still existing physical events were thought to derive by some divine intervention.

Fourth sentence: now to push our discussion towards the inability of the age to carry enough experiments (S6), we have the industrial intervention which was introduced in Greece probably because of easy availability and cheap cost of labour.

This given set of sentences describe an accident. Thus, we have to be careful in arranging its sequence. We are told in S1 that a bus was speeding along the road.

It is then that suddenly a street dog came on the road (S) and immediately the driver tried to apply the brakes (R). We have to then see if the bus has stopped before hitting the dog, we are told that it could only stop after covering some distance (P).

We then see that the dog got injured in the leg (Q) and now we can easily come to justify the last fixed sentence S6 which tells us how the dog remained on the road wailing in pain.

Through these set of sentences, we talk about the current status of women in the country which is not very celebratory. This we get to know from S1.

First sentence: The sentence that should follow should make us more aware of the real condition; Sentence R tells us more about this. It says that the movement towards ultimate liberation is steadily gaining pace.

Second sentence: Then we are told how the educated sphere of women in the urban cities enjoys a sense of shared responsibility and equality, hence, sentence Q.

Third sentence: Now we are made aware of another real situation which is that of the women living in the rural areas of villages and a comparison is made. The condition of women there is still miserable. We are told this in sentence P.

Fourth sentence: As we know that the last sentence, S6, talks about the importance of education in this movement towards freedom, the preceding sentence should also talk about education. Therefore sentence S which tells us how their education is still neglected, solves our purpose.

In these set of sentences, we talk about the journey of Hiuen-Tsang after he became a Buddhist. We are told in S1 that he became a Buddhist at the age of twelve and once he realised the insufficiency of Buddhist texts in China, he began his journey.

First sentence: We know that he decided to begin his journey and that first, he started with India, hence, sentence R.

Second sentence: Now we should have a sentence which tells us about the route that he followed in India, therefore sentence Q.

Third sentence: Then we are told that he left India and decided to go to Ceylon, hence, sentence S.

Fourth sentence: Now we are informed that wherever he used to go, he was heartily welcomed by the local monks who offered him to stay at their place, thus, sentence P.

The correct answer is Substantial

Key Points

• Let us understand the meaning of the given options:

• Thus according to the context of the given sentence, only 'substantial' fits in.

• One might think 'definite' to be the answer but it is wrong. The progress that is in considerable amount is required. Clearly progress does not make any sense.

• आइए हम दिए गए विकल्पों के अर्थ को समझते हैं:

• इस प्रकार दिए गए वाक्य के संदर्भ के अनुसार, केवल 'substantial' फिट बैठता है।

The correct answer is Mollify

Key Points

• Let us understand the meaning of the given options:

• The blank needs a word that contains something related to pacifying a person.

• Thus according to the context of the given sentence only 'mollify' fits in.

• आइए हम दिए गए विकल्पों के अर्थ को समझते हैं:

• रिक्त को एक ऐसे शब्द की आवश्यकता होती है, जिसमें किसी व्यक्ति को शांत करने से संबंधित कुछ हो।
• इस प्रकार दिए गए वाक्य के संदर्भ के अनुसार केवल 'mollify' में फिट बैठता है।

The correct answer is- 'Differentiate'

Key Points

• The sentence says that due to the utter confusion of an individual’s values, one is unable to recognize the difference between good and bad. According to the context of the sentence, Differentiate is the most appropriate word for the sentence.
• Differentiate(verb): To show or find the difference between things that are compared. (तुलना की जाने वाली चीजों के बीच अंतर दिखाने या खोजने के लिए।)  
• ​Example: We do not differentiate between our employees on the basis of their race, religion, or national origin.​

                  Service providers are all keen to differentiate themselves from their competitors​.

• Synonyms: Understand, Comprehend.

From the above line, we can say that: Differentiate is the correct answer.

Additional Information 

• Let's know the meaning of other options:
• Divide(verb): To separate into parts or groups. (भागों या समूहों में अलग करना।)
• ​Example: After the Second World War Germany was divided into two separate countries.
• See(verb): To be conscious of what is around you by using your eyes. (अपनी आँखों का उपयोग करके अपने आस-पास क्या है, इसके प्रति सचेत रहना।)
• ​Example: Turn the light on so I can see.
• Alter(verb): To change something, usually slightly, or to cause the characteristics of something to change. (कुछ बदलने के लिए, आमतौर पर थोड़ा, या किसी चीज की विशेषताओं को बदलने के लिए।) 
• ​Example: We've had to alter some of our plans.

The correct answer is 'Had started'.

Key Points

• Here, the given sentence is an example of  "Third conditional sentence"
• The third conditional is also called the "Past Unreal"  or "Past Hypothetical" conditional.
• As a general rule, In a third conditional sentence, the tense in the if-clause is the past perfect, and the tense in the main clause is the perfect conditional or the perfect continuous conditional.
• Let's have a look at the structural form of the given rule:
• If + subject + past perfect, subject + (would/could/might) + have + past participle + object.
• ​Example: 
• ​If we had taken a taxi, we wouldn't have missed the plane. (correct)
• If we took a taxi, we wouldn't have missed the plane. (incorrect)
• According to the explanation and example that are given above, 'Had started' is the correct choice for the blank.

Correct sentence: *If Mohan had started at 5 a.m, he would not have missed the train.*​

Additional Information

• Conditional sentence: Conditional sentences are statements discussing known factors or hypothetical situations and their consequences.
• there are four types of conditional sentence
• Zero Conditional Sentence
• First Conditional Sentence
• Second Conditional Sentence
• Third Conditional Sentence
• Let's look at the structure form of all four types of conditional sentence
• Zero Conditional Sentence- If + subject + simple present, subject + simple present + object.
• ​E.g: *If you mix red and yellow, you get orange.*​
• First Conditional Sentence- If + subject + simple present, subject + simple future + object.
• ​E.g: *If it rains tomorrow, I will stay at home.*​
• Second Conditional Sentence- If + subject +  simple past, subject + would/could + present conditional + object.
• ​E.g: If she fell, she would hurt herself.

The correct answer is- 'Among'.

Key Points

• The given sentence is saying something about distribution.
• The most appropriate preposition for the given blank is 'Among'.
• As a general rule, 'Among' is used when you are dividing or choosing something, and three or more people or things are involved.
• Example: 
• I saw a few familiar faces among the crowd. (correct)
• In the given sentence the property is getting distributed among all the sons and daughters, thus 'Among' is the correct choice for the blank.

Correct sentence: His property was divided among his daughters and sons.

Additional Information

• Let's have a look at the usage of other prepositions which are given in the options:
• Between- Used to refer to two things that are clearly separated.
• E.g: The post office is between the bank and the shop.
• ​​From*-* Used to show the time or point in time when something starts.
• E.g: Tickets for the concert are on sale from Monday.
• ​​With*-* Used to indicate being together or being involved.
• E.g: He was with his friend when he saw me.

The correct answer is 'Eyes'

​

Key Points

• The sentence says about the wrongdoing that made the subject appear low in the view of everyone around him. Here, Misdemeanours mean an action that is slightly bad or breaks a rule but is not a crime. According to the context of the sentence, Eyes is the most appropriate word for the sentence.
• In the eyes of(Idiom): In someone's view or opinion.  या राय में।)  
• ​Example: In the eyes of his fans Elvis could do no wrong.

                  I won't be a success in the eyes of my mother unless I become a neurosurgeon.

From the above line, we can say that: Eyes is the correct answer.

Additional Information 

• Let's know the meaning of other options:
• Estimation(noun): Your opinion of someone or something. (किसी के बारे में आपकी राय या कुछ।)
• ​Example: In my estimation, a lot of other banks are going to have the same problem.
• Estimate(verb): To guess or calculate the cost, size, value, etc. of something. (किसी चीज की लागत, आकार, मूल्य आदि का अनुमान लगाना या गणना करना।)
• ​Example: Government sources estimate a long-term 50 percent increase in rail fares.
• Esteem(noun): Respect for or a good opinion of someone. (किसी के लिए सम्मान या अच्छी राय।) 
• ​Example: There has been a drop in public esteem for teachers.

The correct answer is 'Off'

Key Points

• The sentence says about the hopeful situation where the clouds of suspicion will go away soon. According to the context of the sentence Off is the most appropriate word for the sentence.
• Phrasal verbs are idiomatic phrases that are formed by a combination of a verb with an adverb/preposition e.g. break down, put up, work out, etc.
• Clear Off(phrasal verb): Used to tell someone to go away in a rude way. (किसी को बदतमीजी से दूर जाने के लिए कहते थे।)  
• ​Example: "Clear off!’ he yelled".

                  "Clear off or I'll call the police!".

From the above line, we can say that: Off is the correct answer.

Additional Information 

• Let's know the meaning of other options:
• Clear up(phrasal verb): An occasion when you tidy a place by getting rid of things that you do not want. (एक मौका जब आप उन चीजों से छुटकारा पाकर किसी जगह को साफ करते हैं जो आप नहीं चाहते हैं।)
• ​Example: We need to have a big clear-up.
• Clear away(phrasal verb): To make a place tidy by removing things from it or putting them where they should be. (किसी स्थान को उसमें से सामान हटाकर या जहाँ होना चाहिए वहाँ रख कर उसे साफ-सुथरा बनाना।)
• ​Example: I want you to clear all these toys away before bedtime.
• By(preposition): Used to show the person or thing that does something. (किसी काम को करने वाले व्यक्ति या वस्तु को दिखाते थे।) 
• ​Example: The motorcycle was driven by a tiny bald man.

The correct answer is 'Put up with'

Key Points

• The sentence says about how the teacher is no longer able to deal with the ways of the new headmaster. According to the context of the sentence Put up with is the most appropriate word for the sentence.
• Phrasal verbs are idiomatic phrases that are formed by a combination of a verb with an adverb/preposition e.g. break down, put up, work out, etc.
• Put up with(phrasal verb): To accept or continue to accept an unpleasant situation or experience, or someone who behaves unpleasantly. (किसी अप्रिय स्थिति या अनुभव को स्वीकार करना या स्वीकार करना जारी रखना, या कोई ऐसा व्यक्ति जो अप्रिय व्यवहार करता हो।)  
• ​Example: I can put up with the house being messy, but I hate it if it's not clean.​

                  He's so moody - I don't know why she puts up with him.

From the above line, we can say that: Put up with is the correct answer.

Additional Information 

• Let's know the meaning of other options:
• Put over(phrasal verb): To express an idea clearly so that people understand it. (किसी विचार को स्पष्ट रूप से व्यक्त करना ताकि लोग उसे समझ सकें।)
• ​Example: Did you feel that you managed to put over your point of view?
• Put on(noun): An attempt to deceive someone into believing something that is not true. (किसी ऐसी बात पर विश्वास करने के लिए किसी को धोखा देने का प्रयास जो सत्य नहीं है।)
• ​Example: She's not really angry - it's just a put-on.
• Put up to(phrasal verb): To encourage someone to do something, usually something wrong. (किसी को कुछ करने के लिए प्रोत्साहित करना, आमतौर पर कुछ गलत।) 
• ​Example: I think he was put up to it by his friends.

The correct answer is 'Despite'.

Key Points

• The sentence given above tells us that even when new housing units are constructed every month, there are still not enough accommodations.
• The most appropriate preposition for the given blank is 'Despite'.
• As a general rule, the preposition 'Despite' is used to express that something is not being influenced or prevented by a past event or action.
• Example: 
• Despite his hunger, John did not eat. (correct)
• Through his hunger, John did not eat. (incorrect)​
• In the above sentence, the need for accommodation is not being influenced even if new housing units are being constructed,
• According to the explanation and example that are given above, 'Despite' is the correct choice for the blank.

Correct sentence: Despite the construction of new housing units at the rate of one every month, there is still a shortage of accommodation.

Additional Information

• Let's have a look at the usage of other prepositions which are given in the options:
• Through- Used to from end to end or side to side of.
• Example: The River Thames goes through London.
• ​​By*-* Used to show how something is done.
• Example: We send a postcard or a letter by post.
• ​​For*-* Used to indicate the reason or because of.
• Example: I am really happy for you.

​​

Hint

• After 'Despite', we use a noun, gerund (-ing form of a verb), or a pronoun.
• Example:
• Despite having a headache, I had a great birthday.
• Despite her broken arm, she played the game.

The correct answer is 'Endowed'

Key Points

• The sentence says about how democracy requires equal rights which helps in the development of quality nature. According to the context of the sentence, Endowed is the most appropriate word for the sentence.
• Endowed(verb): To Provide with a quality, ability, or asset. (एक गुणवत्ता, क्षमता या संपत्ति प्रदान करने के लिए।)  
• ​Example: The state of Michigan has endowed three institutes to do research for industry.​

                  This hospital was endowed by the citizens of Strasbourg in the 16^th century.

• Synonyms: Provide, Supply, Furnish.

From the above line, we can say that: Endowed is the correct answer.

Additional Information 

• Let's know the meaning of other options:
• Presented(verb):  To formally introduce an argument or a person. (औपचारिक रूप से किसी तर्क या व्यक्ति का परिचय देना।)
• ​Example: May I present my brother?
• Fortified(adjective): Having healthful substances added. (स्वास्थ्यवर्धक पदार्थ मिलाने से।)
• ​Example: Children should not eat highly fortified cereals.
• Replenished(verb): To fill something again, or return something to its earlier condition. (किसी चीज को फिर से भरना, या किसी चीज को उसकी पूर्व स्थिति में लौटाना।) 
• ​Example: We need to replenish our cookie supply.

The correct answer is- 'QPSR.'

Key Points

• The correct order of the jumbled sentence is 'QPSR.'
• By reading the sentences we can infer that the subject of the sentence is the 'aunt'. Sentence Q will come next, as the relative pronoun "who" refers back to the subject 'Aunt.'
• So sentence P will come next, as the noun 'aunt' is the subject of the sentence.
• Now, the conjunction ‘and’ is joining two sentences similar in meaning and grammatical structure, that is sentence S will come next.
• And then comes the last part of the sentence which establishes reason by the use of 'because' (R).
• Hence option 3 is the correct answer.

The correct sentence will be: My unmarried aunt who stays with us is creating a lot of problems for us and there is a misunderstanding among family members because of her interfering nature in our personal lives.

Additional Information

• Let's understand the meaning of interfere:
• The word interfere is a verb and it means to involve yourself in a situation when your involvement is not wanted or is not helpful*.*
• Example: It's their problem and I'm not going to interfere.​​

​

• Important steps to solve para jumbles:
• Identify the sentence construction means the sentence is affirmative or interrogative.
• Read all the options thoroughly
• Look for the opening words like a noun (subject) for an affirmative sentence.
• Connect the sentences and find a link as an article will follow a noun/adjective or an adverb will follow a verb/adverb/adjective.
• Concentrate on the pronouns as they will refer to the previously mentioned noun.

The correct answer is- 'QRSP.'

Key Points

• The correct order of the jumbled sentence is 'QRSP.'
• The sentence gives a meaning that any criminal proceeding against the president or the governor can’t be initiated in any court during their respective terms in office.
• Therefore, starting with Q, as the subject is followed by a verb 'initiated.'
• The sentence proceeds to give more information about the president and governor in R and then S.
• And further ends with P by mentioning the clause about their term in office. Also the pronoun 'his' refers to 'the President or a Governor.'
• Hence option 1 is the correct answer.

The correct sentence will be: No criminal proceeding whatsoever shall be initiated or continued against the President or a Governor in any Court during his term of office.

​​

• Important steps to solve para jumbles:
• Identify the sentence construction means the sentence is affirmative or interrogative.
• Read all the options thoroughly
• Look for the opening words like a noun (subject) for an affirmative sentence.
• Connect the sentences and find a link as an article will follow a noun/adjective or an adverb will follow a verb/adverb/adjective.
• Concentrate on the pronouns as they will refer to the previously mentioned noun.

The correct answer is 'R S Q P'

Key Points

• After reading the above sentence, we can easily determine the opening statement as- The dentist extracted Manish's tooth (R) and relieved his pain (S)
• Now 'when' is used here as a conjunction which is connecting the second part of the sentence: when he was brought to the hospital (Q) with a severe tooth-ache (P)
• Hence, the correct sequence would be RSQP

Correct rearrangement:  The dentist extracted Manish's tooth (R) and relieved his pain (S) when he was brought to the hospital (Q) with a severe tooth-ache (P)

The correct option is 1 i.e. R P Q S

Key Points

• The subject of the sentence is 'the actress'.
• We first will have the sentence which starts with ‘who’ which, in grammar, is used to refer to the subject of the sentence, thus, part R.
• Then we have part P expressing the present perfect tense here.
• Next, we have, in part Q, an impending information about the actress that she has been selected as the best heroine of the year (in S).

Thus, the correct option is 1 and therefore the answer.

The correct answer is- 'R Q S P'

Key Points

We have to try to unfold what happened 'last summer', we start by R which tells us that there is a persistent admirer.

We then follow what he did, which we have in Q followed by P. Next is how he kept pestering the girl, the answer is in part S i.e. with phone calls.

The correct answer is- 'RQPS.'

Key Points

• The correct order of the jumbled sentence is 'RQPS.'
• We need to first tell what happens 'in many cultures,' so we will start with R.
• Now, we shift to the belief that people have, which is mentioned in part Q.
• Next, we will mention the possible effects of the colour blue, as in part P followed by S.
• Hence option 3 is the correct answer.

The correct sentence will be: In many cultures, people believe that blue has the power to make wishes come true and be successful in life.

​​

• Important steps to solve para jumbles:
• Identify the sentence construction means the sentence is affirmative or interrogative.
• Read all the options thoroughly
• Look for the opening words like a noun (subject) for an affirmative sentence.
• Connect the sentences and find a link as an article will follow a noun/adjective or an adverb will follow a verb/adverb/adjective.
• Concentrate on the pronouns as they will refer to the previously mentioned noun.

The correct answer is- 'RPQS.'

Key Points

• The correct order of the jumbled sentence is 'RPQS.'
• We have to describe an activity that is done from the picnic table, we get that in part R.
• Part P suggests that where the activity of laugh and leap was going on.
• The conjunction 'while' joins the two sentences so part Q will come next followed by part S.
• Hence option 3 is the correct answer.

The correct sentence will be: From a picnic table we watched them laugh and leap through the playground while we unpacked a basket bulging with sandwiches and cookies.

Additional Information

• Let's learn the meaning of the word leap:
• The word leap is a verb and it means to make a large jump or sudden movement.
• Example: He leapt out of his car and ran towards the house.**​​

The correct answer is- 'SQPR.'

Key Points

• The correct order of the jumbled sentence is 'SQPR.'
• We have to first tell from where the subject of the sentence has retired, we get that in part S.
• Now we mention the location of the church in part Q.
• Next, we have the duration of his service in P followed by R.
• Hence option 2 is the correct answer.

The correct sentence will be: My father retired at the age of 68, from a Baptist Church in South Carolina where he had served as a Pastor for 12 years. 

Additional Information

• Let's learn the meaning of the word Pastor:
• The word pastor is a noun and it means a religious leader in certain Protestant Churches.
• Example: In most cases, the pastor receives a salary.**​​

The correct answer is- 'RSPQ.'

Key Points

• The correct order of the jumbled sentence is 'RSPQ.'
• Here, we have to first tell what completion we are talking about, we get the answer in part R.
• Next, we have part S which ends in ‘because’, for which we have to now find a corresponding statement, we have it in part P followed by Part Q.
• Hence option 4 is the correct answer.

The correct sentence will be: *The completion of high-quality products also enhances employee satisfaction because it enables employees to feel a sense of accomplishment and makes them take pride in their work.*​​

​

• Important steps to solve para jumbles:
• Identify the sentence construction means the sentence is affirmative or interrogative.
• Read all the options thoroughly
• Look for the opening words like a noun (subject) for an affirmative sentence.
• Connect the sentences and find a link as an article will follow a noun/adjective or an adverb will follow a verb/adverb/adjective.
• Concentrate on the pronouns as they will refer to the previously mentioned noun.

The correct answer is- 'SPRQ.'

Key Points

• The correct order of the jumbled sentence is 'SPRQ.'
• We have a city 'Kaula Lumpur', deeply rooted in tradition as the subject of the sentence, thus the first part is S.
• Then we have more description about the city in part P.
• Then we are told in brief to what extent traditions are followed in R, followed by Q.
• Hence option 2 is the correct answer.

The correct sentence will be: *But, Kuala Lumpur is a city firmly rooted in tradition where modem Malay executives might have a cellular phone in hand but will never miss Friday prayers.*​​

​

• Important steps to solve para jumbles:
• Identify the sentence construction means the sentence is affirmative or interrogative.
• Read all the options thoroughly
• Look for the opening words like a noun (subject) for an affirmative sentence.
• Connect the sentences and find a link as an article will follow a noun/adjective or an adverb will follow a verb/adverb/adjective.
• Concentrate on the pronouns as they will refer to the previously mentioned noun.

The correct answer is- 'QSPR.'

Key Points

• The correct order of the jumbled sentence is 'QSPR.'
• Here, we are dealing with an explanatory statement with causes and effects included in one sentence.
• First, we have the part which establishes the subject of the sentence i.e. growth of crimes in metropolitan cities. This is mentioned in Q followed by S.
• Then we have the possible reason for this, which is the failure of planning and governance in the urban areas (P followed by R).
• Hence option 1 is the correct answer.

The correct sentence will be: Perhaps the most significant factor in the growth of all metropolitan crimes including crimes against the elderly is the failure of planning and governance in the urban sprawl.

Additional Information

• Let's understand the meaning of significant:
• The word significant is an adjective and it means important or noticeable*.*
• Example: There has been a significant increase in the number of female students in recent years.​​​

The correct answer is- 'QPSR.'

Key Points

• The correct order of the jumbled sentence is 'QPSR.'
• This is an example of indirect speech.
• Part Q will come first, as the reported speech will start with a subject 'he.'
• Next is part P, as the verb (go) needs an object 'college.'
• Part S and R forms a pair as the prepositional phrase 'instead of' will be followed by a gerund (studying).
• Hence option 4 is the correct answer.

The correct sentence will be: He said that he’d rather go to a small college instead of not studying at all. 

Additional Information

• Let's understand more about indirect speech:
• ​​When you report a statement said by someone else in your own words, it’s called indirect speech.
• Some rules to change the reported speech:
• Past simple - Past perfect (Subject + had + V3 + Object)
• Past Continuous - Past perfect continuous (Subject + had been + V1 + ing + Object)
• Future simple - Present Conditional (Subject + would + V1 + object)
• Future Continuous - Conditional Continuous (Subject + would + be + V1 + ing + Object)​

The correct answer is- 'SQPR.'

Key Points

• The correct order of the jumbled sentence is 'SQPR.'
• The sentence is in the present continuous tense.
• Structure: Subject + is/am/are + verb(ing) + object
• First, we have to clear that what to teach a child. Therefore, the first part is S.
• Next comes part Q, as the verb 'is' will follow the subject.
• Next, we are told the reason for this difficulty. It is mentioned in part P, followed by part R.
• Hence option 1 is the correct answer.

The correct sentence will be: Teaching a child how to swim is becoming difficult and expensive since there are few open ponds around.  

​

• Important steps to solve para jumbles:
• Identify the sentence construction means the sentence is affirmative or interrogative.
• Read all the options thoroughly
• Look for the opening words like a noun (subject) for an affirmative sentence.
• Connect the sentences and find a link as an article will follow a noun/adjective or an adverb will follow a verb/adverb/adjective.
• Concentrate on the pronouns as they will refer to the previously mentioned noun.

The correct answer is- 'SPQR.'

Key Points

• The correct order of the jumbled sentence is 'SPQR.'
• The sentence follows the past perfect tense.
• Structure: Subject + had + verb (3^rd form) + object.
• The subject (doctor) will be followed by the helping verb (had been), thus part S will come first.
• Part P will come next, as the main verb (to find) will follow the helping verb.
• This will be followed by the other clause, mentioned in part Q and followed by R
• Hence option 4 is the correct answer.

The correct sentence will be: The doctor had not been able to find out what had caused the food poisoning. 

​

• Important steps to solve para jumbles:
• Identify the sentence construction means the sentence is affirmative or interrogative.
• Read all the options thoroughly
• Look for the opening words like a noun (subject) for an affirmative sentence.
• Connect the sentences and find a link as an article will follow a noun/adjective or an adverb will follow a verb/adverb/adjective.
• Concentrate on the pronouns as they will refer to the previously mentioned noun.

The correct answer is- 'QPRS.'

Key Points

• The correct order of the jumbled sentence is 'QPRS.'
• By reading the sentence, we can infer that the officer was suspended for being corrupt.
• Part Q will come before part P, to show the reason for suspension.
• The verb (was) will follow the subject (the officer).
• Part R will come next, to show the suspension is from the service.
• Hence option 2 is the correct answer.

The correct sentence will be: The officer being corrupt was suspended from service before his dismissal

​

• Important steps to solve para jumbles:
• Identify the sentence construction means the sentence is affirmative or interrogative.
• Read all the options thoroughly
• Look for the opening words like a noun (subject) for an affirmative sentence.
• Connect the sentences and find a link as an article will follow a noun/adjective or an adverb will follow a verb/adverb/adjective.
• Concentrate on the pronouns as they will refer to the previously mentioned noun.

The subject ‘she’ of the sentence should be followed by a pronoun referring to it, thus it should be P.

Later, we have another subject i.e. 'coat', which is described in R. Then we follow the implied meaning of the sentence that she gave the coat to the beggar in need of it. Thus, part Q is followed by part S.

We should first tell the position of the medical teams, thus, P which mentions that they are on the ground.

Then, we have a part starting with ‘who’ which is referring to the subject of the sentence i.e. the injured people, hence, S.

Next, we are told how the injured were 'trampled', i.e. by the surging crowd (Q). Finally, we have part R.

‘Who’ is used in a sentence to refer to the subject of a sentence. Therefore, the first part is Q where ‘who’ refers to the subject i.e. ‘he’.

Now, if we take a look at the intended meaning of the sentence, we can see that one is told to fix his eyes on the goal rather than the hurdles in the way. Thus, the next part is S followed by R and then P.

We have to start by denoting the subject of the sentence which is told in S. Next, we have a conjunction ‘but’ which is used to connect statements that express opposite ideas. Thus before 'but', we do not know about Shakespeare’s birth date and after ‘but’ we have his exact date of death.

Therefore, P is followed by Q and then R (where ‘for certain’ denotes that there is no doubt about the previous information).

We should start by establishing the subject of the sentence which is 'a university' (S).

As we have students and teachers in the previous part, the following part should refer to them, for which we have part Q starting with 'the two'. Now we have another sentence starting with the article 'the' where the capital letter ‘T’ denotes that it is a sentence starting with P.

Thereafter, we have the last part R which uses a conjunction ‘and’.

‘Intrigued’ means to be aroused by a certain kind of curiosity or interest or get fascinated by it.

In the paragraph too, it is used to denote the fascination of the ship captains with emerald icebergs. Thus, the only option that fits the required meaning is ‘fascinated’. 

The meanings of the other words are:

Surprised: feeling or showing surprise.

Muffled: (of a sound) not loud because of being obstructed in some way; muted.

Repulsed: cause to feel intense distaste and aversion.

It is given in the paragraph that icebergs are those blocks of ice which are broken off huge slabs of ice called ice shelves.

Thus, it refers to huge pieces of slabs of ice which is clearly mentioned in option (1).

It is mentioned in the passage that icebergs are those blocks of ice which are broken off huge chunks of ice called ice shelves. We are also told in the beginning that these are found floating by the ship captains on the sea.

All the options other than (1) give us a description of a particular kind of iceberg and not the definition of it. Option (1) which provides us with the definition of an iceberg is our answer.

As we are clearly told at the end of the passage that when the iceberg is turned upside down, it appears green due to the mixture of the yellow tone of the iceberg and the blue colour or the sea. Thus, the answer is green, option (1).

The passage states: In its simple form, science has helped man to protect himself from Nature and to overcome natural obstacles to movement.

Thus, option (1) is correct.

The author tells us that the excessive greediness of man has led him to exploit resources available in nature which led to activities like deforestation, etc.

Thus, now, it needs to be protected from man to avoid further damage. Thus, option (2) is correct.

The excessive damage to the forests is clearly a result of the increasing demands of man. These demands go way beyond the need of wood for fuel and bio-fuel purposes.

Forests are increasingly exploited to also provide for the luxuries of man. Thus, option (4) is the correct answer.

We are told in the passage that excessive exploitation has already started showing its consequences in the form of climate change and soil erosion.

Thus, option (3) is correct.

As mentioned towards the end of the passage, the excessive deforestation has resulted in changes in the climate and also soil erosion.

Thus, option (4) is correct.

We are told in the passage that until and unless, women attain economic freedom, i.e. they are no longer dependant on anyone else for money, only then they can achieve equality.

Thus, option (1) is correct.

The writer shares the story of the maidservant in the hotel lobby to emphasise on the need for economic freedom for women as the first step towards full liberation.

When the maidservant began to earn her own money, it boosted her confidence and made her more self-dependent.

Thus, option (4) is correct.

In the last paragraph, the writer tells that a recent study has found that some women do not like to work in the factory because it only adds to their burden of household duties. They feel more bound to fulfil all these duties rather than feeling the freedom which comes from economic independence.

The writer refers ‘these liberties’ to the fact that in the civil laws of some countries, women are no longer required to obey their husbands and also have the right to vote. But, it’s also true that these laws mean nothing as they mostly stay as theoretical statements than real laws which should be realised.

Thus, option (2) is correct.

The answer can be found from the line:

Polio, diphtheria, tuberculosis, commonly known as TB, are vanishing; one injection of an antibiotic often cures deadly diseases such as pneumonia or syphilis, and so many mass killers have come under control that two-thirds of all death is now associated with the diseases of old age.

Thus, option (2) is correct.

The writer tells us that the situation is such that two-thirds of all deaths now are associated with old age. The deadly diseases affecting young people are in effective control. And young people’s death now is majorly a result of violence, accident or suicide, more often than not. Thus, option (2) is correct.

The writer is trying to shift the focus to a larger question that this success in controlling such deadly diseases should not only be linked with the expensive tools and equipment of doctor or advancement in knowledge of medicine but also with the political-technological changes. Thus, option (3) is the correct answer. 

The question “Poverty embraces a whole range of circumstances” asks how many fields poverty covers or what all is included in it. Thus option (1), which talks about a lot of angles to poverty, is the right answer.

While option (3) which seems to have a similar meaning is not the required answer as it talks about the kinds of poverty, which is irrelevant.

'Lack of access to information to poor people' refers to 'the unavailability of proper information to them regarding basic health-related and sanitation related problems'. This leads to more marginalisation and exploitation of the poor.

Thus, option (1) is the correct answer.

Since it is mentioned in the passage that,

Poverty results in a loss of cultural identity and destroys traditional knowledge. Poor people become marginalised and suffer from exploitation and loss of human dignity.

Thus, option (1) is the correct answer.

Being marginalised means to live on the outskirts of the society both literally and metaphorically like the unwanted elements of the society.

Thus, option (3) is the correct answer.

The larger tone of the passage is objective and critical as the writer challenges the basic idea through which we see poverty i.e. merely as an economic condition, and not as anything else. The writer is making us aware about the fact that poverty is more than just that and includes various circumstances like lack of access to basic information regarding health and sanitation.

The sentence uniformly follows the present tense throughout. All the verbs are correctly used according to the tense. Thus, the sentence has no grammatical or syntactical error.

The erroneous part is B. 

Key Points

• The given sentence is in Past Tense, with the usage of verb 'was'
• ​However in the given sentence is in past tense, thus has will be replaced with had.
• So, 'has' should be replaced with 'had' to make the sentence grammatically correct.

Additional Information 

• According to subject-verb agreement, a singular subject takes a singular verb and a plural subject takes a plural verb.
• Example: Ram goes to the temple every day.
• In a sentence, if a relative pronoun joins the subject and the verb, the verb will agree with the subject that precedes the relative pronoun.
• Example: She is one of the best artists who have ever lived. (Here, 'have' agrees with 'artists'.)

Correct sentence: CV Raman was one of the greatest sons of India who had earned everlasting fame for scientific researches.

We use comparative adjectives in the sentences when we have to compare two nouns in the sentence. These are used to compare the differences between the two objects in comparison. The rule followed for the same is, noun (subject) + verb + comparative adjective + than + noun (subject). These adjectives can be easily formed by adding the ‘–er’ at the end of the adjective.

Therefore, in the given sentence ‘heavy’ will be replaced by ‘heavier’. This is how we will get to know that one box is ‘heavier’ than the second box.

The sentence uniformly follows the present tense throughout. All the verbs are correctly used according to the tense. Thus, the sentence has no grammatical or syntactical error.

All the verbs are correctly used according to the tense. Thus, the sentence has no grammatical or syntactical error.

Auxiliary verbs in question are always used before the subject. Thus ‘are’ will come before ‘you’.

Auxiliary verb: a verb used in forming tenses, moods and voices of other verbs e.g. be, do, have.

The adjective ‘ignorant’ which means 'someone who lacks knowledge and information' is often used with the preposition 'of' or 'about'.

Thus we will replace ‘in’ with ‘of/about’.

The correct answer is C

Key Points

• 'aren't you' should be used in place of 'isn't it'
• Rules for making question Tag:
• ​The sentence and the question tag must be in the same tense.
• If the sentence is positive, the question tag must be negative and vice versa.
• Always use pronouns in the question tag.
• For negative question tag, use the contracted form of 'helping verb' and 'not'
• Since 'you' is a pronoun here, the question tag must be according to it.
• Also 'you' is followed by plural helping verb, so plural helping verb in present tense should be used here.

Thus, the correct sentence is: You are just sixteen years old, aren't you?

‘Remittance’ refers to 'a sum of money sent as a gift or payment'.

Here, the old widower should be living ‘on’ remittances which means 'with' the help of the money, instead of ‘in’ or 'inside' the remittances.

The preposition ‘with’ which means 'accompanied by another person or thing' should be replaced by ‘in’ which refers to 'a situation'. Here, India is fully engrossed ‘in’ the discussion and not ‘with’ the discussion.

Preposition: It is a word used to link nouns or pronouns, or phrases or other words within a sentence.

The error is in part B of the sentence.

We are required to add ‘to’ after listen to make the sentence syntactically correct.

The correct sentence would be:

I like to listen to the song of the Nightingale in the evening.

Since the sentence talks about one student ('each') from a group of students ('amongst the hundred students'), the verb 'want' should be conjugated according to the singular subject.

Hence, it should be 'wants'.

The error is in part B of the sentence.

We have to use the correct form of the verb 'estimate' here.

‘Estimate’ should be replaced with ‘estimated’. The sentence talks about a kind of survey which has already taken place. Thus, we use the past tense of ‘estimate’.

Thus, the correct sentence would be:

Although there is virtually no production in India, the Encyclopaedia Britannica estimated that India has perhaps the largest accumulated stocks of silver in the world.

In part (c), ‘little’ is used as an adjective, thus it doesn’t fit the meaning of the sentence. We should instead use it as an adverb i.e. ‘a little’ which means to a small extent.

Adjectives are the words which name an attribute to a noun e.g. red, tall, little, etc.

Adverbs are the words which modify the meaning of a verb, adjective or other adverbs, to express place, time or degree.

The correct sentence would be:

We have to reach there at ten will you please walk a little faster.

The error is in part B of the sentence.

‘In case’ is a phrase which means as 'as a provision against something happening or being true'. In the sentence, there is a mention of difficulty to stay awake after dinner. 

In that sense, ‘in case’ is inappropriate to use here. Instead, we should use ‘at times’ which is the phrase of time and means 'sometimes or on some occasions' which fits the meaning of the sentence.

Hence, the correct sentence would be:

It is almost difficult, at times impossible, to keep awake late after dinner.

The correct option is option 4.

All the verbs are correctly used according to the tense.

Thus, the sentence has no grammatical or syntactical error.

The error is in the part A of the sentence.

The correct phrase is 'out of one's mind' and not 'out of the mind'.

'Out of (your) mind’ means 'unable to behave or deal with things normally because something has made you very worried, unhappy, or angry', we have to instead use a pronoun ‘her’ in place of ‘the’. It will then make it ‘she was out of her mind’ which means that she wasn’t thinking straight when she made the plan to go abroad.

The correct sentence would be:

She was out of her mind when she made that plan to go abroad without taking into consideration her present family position.

The correct answer is "D"

Key Points

• In the given sentence, there is no error.
• In the given sentence, "Through with" is a phrase that means "having finished"
• Example- Then, when I was through with all the routine checking, I found what I had expected.
• The rest of the sentence is grammatically correct.

Hence, the correct sentence is- Are you through with that newspaper?

The error is in part B of the sentence.

While ‘besides’ is a preposition which means in addition to or apart from, ‘beside’ is a preposition which means at the side of; next to.

In the sentence, we have to describe the position of the college with respect to the lake, ‘beside’ is the correct preposition.

Hence, the correct sentence would be:

My college is beside the lake.

In part (b) of the sentence, either we can use the determiner ‘much’ which means 'a large amount' or 'required' which means 'need for a particular purpose', but both of them cannot be used at the same time.

Also, going by the succeeding sentence in part (c) we are talking about the courses that were to be taught that semester. Thus ‘required’ is the correct word to be used.

The correct sentence is:

The Department of Fine Arts has been criticised for not having the required courses scheduled for this semester.

The error is in the part A of the sentence.

In order to make the sentence grammatically correct, 'have' must be replaced with 'had', so that the entire sentence is in the same tense.

The error is in the second part of the sentence. 

Since both the verbs mentioning the duties of the secretary ('mailing','calling') are in the '-ing' form, the verb 'take' should also be in the '-ing' form in order to maintain consistency. Hence, 'to take' must be replaced with 'taking'.

The erroneous part is: A

Key Points

• The given sentence starts with 'if' which means a certain condition is being talked about. So, it is a conditional sentence.
• Conditional sentences are those sentences that have a certain condition which decides the happening of an action.
• You use the phrase “if I were…” when you are using the subjunctive mood.
• The subjunctive is used to talk about hypothetical situations or things that are contrary to fact. “If I were” is also used when you are wishing for something.
• For example, “If I were taller, I would play basketball.”
• The subject of the sentence is imagining a hypothetical situation where they are taller, and imagining about what that would mean for that version of themselves.
• You should use the phrase “if I was…” when referring to something that actually happened.

For example, “If I was late for curfew when I was a teenager, my parents grounded me.”

• Here the sentence given is in the subjunctive mood, so 'I was' should be replaced by 'I were'

Thus, the correct sentence is: If l were you I would not go to film in my mother’s absence.

Additional Information

• There are five types of conditional sentences.
• | | Conditional Clause | Main Clause | | --- | --- | --- | | Conditional Type-1 | Present Indefinite | Future Indefinite | | Conditional Type-2 | Past Indefinite | would/could/might + V1 | | Conditional Type-3 | Past Perfect | would/could/might + have + V3 | | Conditional Type Zero | Present Indefinite | Present Indefinite | | Mixed Conditional | Past Indefinite/
  Past Perfect | would/could/have + V1 + have + V3 |

In the given sentence, the ‘us’ at the beginning of the sentence which is a personal pronoun does not agree with ‘their’ in the latter part of it, as ‘their’ denotes possession by someone else e.g. 'they love their house'. Thus, we should use ‘our’ in place of ‘their’.

In the given sentence, ‘furnitures’ is to be replaced with ‘furniture’. It is because ‘furniture’ is an uncountable noun and thus cannot be used in the plural form by adding ‘s’.

Uncountable nouns are for the things that cannot be counted in number. These nouns are only used in their singular forms. For e.g. tea, sugar, water and so on.

The correct answer is 'Frightens.'

Key Points

• The paragraph opens in the first person and it hints that he/she is scared while entering a bank.
• In the following sentence, we see that everything he/she sees should aim to create a sense of fear or scare.
• So for the blank space (1), we need a word similar in meaning to 'scare.'
• Let us explore the meanings of the given words:
• Pleases: to make somebody happy; to satisfy. (किसी को खुश करना; संतुष्ट करना।)
• Frightens: to make someone feel fear. (किसी को डराना।)
• Saddens: to make someone sad. (किसी को दुखी करना।)
• Terrifies: cause to feel extreme fear. (ख़ौफ़ में डालना।)
• The meaning of the word 'frightens' is closest to 'scares.'
• Therefore, the correct answer is 'Frightens.'
• Correct sentence: Everybody and everything that I see there frightens me.

Additional Information

• Let us see the use of the given words in a sentence: