AFCAT 9th Aug 2024 (Shift 1) Memory Based Paper. (Previous Year Paper)

Solution will be available later

Calculations:

After the first year, the production is: 

350 × (1 + 0.08) = 350 × 1.08 = 378

After the second year, the production is: 

378 × (1 + 0.05) = 378 × 1.05 = 396.9 

After the third year, the production is: 

396.9 × (1 + 0.04) = 396.9 × 1.04 = approximately 412.8

So the approximate production after the third year is around 413 (rounded to the nearest whole number).

Hence, The Correct Option is 1.

1. TUUBYOE → YOUTUBE

2. DWNWIOS → WINDOWS

3. DDIAORN → ANDROID

4. SSEEDNA → ADSENSE

All of them are Google products, while Windows is the product of Microsoft.

The Correct answer is Air-to-Surface.

Key Points

• The Rampage missile is an Air-to-Surface missile developed by Israel Aerospace Industries (IAI) and Israel Military Industry Systems (IMI).
• It is designed to be launched from aircraft to strike targets on the ground.
• The missile is equipped with advanced guidance systems and is capable of striking targets with high precision.
• It has a range of approximately 150 kilometres, allowing it to engage targets from a significant distance.
• The Rampage missile is effective against a variety of targets, including command and control centres, air defence sites, and logistics centres.
• Its development is part of Israel's strategy to enhance its airborne strike capabilities and ensure superiority in modern warfare.

 Additional Information

• Surface-to-Air
• A Surface-to-Air missile is designed to be launched from the ground to destroy aircraft or other missiles.
• Examples include the Patriot missile system and the S-400 missile system.
• Surface-to-Surface
• Surface-to-surface missiles are launched from the ground to strike targets on the ground.
• Examples include the Scud missile and the Tomahawk missile.
• Air-to-Air
• Air-to-Air missiles are launched from aircraft to destroy other aircraft.
• Examples include the AIM-120 AMRAAM and the R-73 missile.

Shortcut Trick

Equalize the quantity of pencils to compare Cost Price (CP) and Selling Price (SP).

CP of 40 pencils = ₹20

SP of 20 pencils = ₹20 ⇒ SP of 40 pencils = ₹20 × 2 = ₹40

Since SP is double the CP, the Profit is 100%.

∴ The correct answer is 100% Profit.

Alternate Method

Given:

Total pencils bought = 40

Cost Price (CP) of 40 pencils = ₹20

Selling Price (SP) of 20 pencils = ₹20

Formula Used:

Profit = Selling Price (SP) − Cost Price (CP)

Profit % = (Profit / Cost Price) × 100

Calculations:

⇒ CP of 1 pencil = 20 / 40 = ₹0.50

⇒ SP of 1 pencil = 20 / 20 = ₹1.00

⇒ Profit per pencil = ₹1.00 − ₹0.50 = ₹0.50

⇒ Profit % = (0.50 / 0.50) × 100

⇒ Profit % = 1 × 100 = 100%

∴ The correct answer is 100% Profit.

Additional Information

Profit/Loss on Quantity

When the investment is the same, Profit % = [(CP Quantity − SP Quantity) / SP Quantity] × 100.

Selling Price Calculation

SP = CP × (100 + Profit%) / 100 or SP = CP × (100 − Loss%) / 100.

Markup Percentage

Markup % = [(Marked Price − Cost Price) / Cost Price] × 100.

Replacing the above meanings into the given expressions

BODMAS rule

Using the BODMAS rule to verify the options

Option 1 → 10 $ 10 @ 2 & 5

10 = 10 ÷ 2 + 5

By BODMAS rule

10 = 5 + 5

10 = 10 (LHS = RHS) 

Option 2 → 6 @ 2 $ 5 & 3

6 ÷ 2 = 5 + 3

By BODMAS rule

3 = 5 + 3

3 = 8 (LHS ≠ RHS) 

Option 3 → 9 @ 2 $ 4 & 4

9 ÷ 2 = 4 + 4

By BODMAS rule

4.5 = 4 + 4

4.5 = 8 (LHS ≠ RHS)

Option 4 → 10 $ 5 & 6 @ 2

10 = 5 + 6 ÷ 2

By BODMAS rule

10 = 5 + 3

10 = 8 (LHS ≠ RHS) 

Hence, the correct answer is "10 $ 10 @ 2 & 5".

The correct answer is Bhanu Athaiya.

Key Points

• Bhanu Athaiya was the first Indian to receive an Oscar award.
• She won the Academy Award for Best Costume Design for her work in the film Gandhi (1982).
• The film was a biographical depiction of Mahatma Gandhi, directed by Richard Attenborough.
• Bhanu Athaiya shared the award with British costume designer John Mollo.
• Her win marked a significant moment in the history of Indian cinema on an international platform.
• She had a distinguished career in the Indian film industry, working on over 100 films.

 Additional Information

• Satyajit Ray
• Satyajit Ray was an acclaimed Indian filmmaker and director.
• He received an Honorary Academy Award in 1992 for his lifetime achievement in cinema.
• Ray is best known for his works like the Apu Trilogy and Charulata.
• A.R. Rahman
• A.R. Rahman is an Indian music composer and singer.
• He won two Academy Awards in 2009 for his work in the film Slumdog Millionaire.
• Rahman received awards for Best Original Score and Best Original Song ("Jai Ho").
• Gulzar
• Gulzar is an Indian lyricist, poet, and film director.
• He won an Academy Award for the song "Jai Ho" from the film Slumdog Millionaire in 2009.
• Gulzar is also known for his significant contributions to Indian cinema and literature.

Given:

The income of x = 10% more than that of y 

The income of y = 20% less than that of z

Solution:

x = y + 0.1y = 1.1y

y = z - 0.2z = 0.8z

Now, x = 1.1y = 1.1(0.8z) = 0.88z

⇒ x : y : z = 0.88z : 0.8z : z

⇒ 88 : 80 : 100

⇒ 22 : 20 : 25

∴ The income of x, y and z respectively are in the ratio is 22 : 20 : 25.

Preparing the family tree using the following symbols:

Possible family tree diagram will be:

Hence, the lady in the portrait is the “sister” of Sahil.

The Correct answer is Kareena Kapoor Khan.

Key Points

• Kareena Kapoor Khan is a renowned Indian actress known for her work in Bollywood.
• She has been involved in various humanitarian activities and campaigns.
• As the national brand ambassador for UNICEF India, she supports and promotes children's rights and their well-being.
• Her role includes raising awareness about issues like child education, health, and nutrition.
• She uses her platform and influence to advocate for the betterment of children's lives in India.

 Additional Information

• Deepika Padukone
• Deepika Padukone is an acclaimed Indian actress known for her roles in Bollywood and Hollywood films.
• She is an advocate for mental health awareness and has founded the Live Love Laugh Foundation.
• Priyanka Chopra
• Priyanka Chopra is a globally recognized actress, singer, and film producer.
• She is also a UNICEF Goodwill Ambassador and works on initiatives related to child rights and education.
• Amitabh Bachchan
• Amitabh Bachchan is a legendary Indian actor known for his contributions to Indian cinema.
• He is involved in various social causes, including campaigns for polio eradication and tuberculosis awareness.

Shortcut Trick

Total interest for 1 year = 8350 ÷ 2 = ₹4175.

Assume total ₹29500 was invested in Scheme B at 15%.

Calculated interest = 29500 × 15% = ₹4425.

Difference in interest = 4425 − 4175 = ₹250.

Amount in Scheme A = Difference ÷ (Rate B − Rate A) = 250 ÷ (15% − 12.5%) = 250 ÷ 2.5% = ₹10000.

∴ The correct answer is ₹10000.

Alternate Method

Given: Total Investment = ₹29500, Rate A = 12.5%, Rate B = 15%, Total Interest (2 yrs) = ₹8350.

Formula Used: Simple Interest (S.I.) = (Principal × Rate × Time) ÷ 100

⇒ Interest if all amount in Scheme A for 2 years = (29500 × 12.5 × 2) ÷ 100 = ₹7375

⇒ Interest if all amount in Scheme B for 2 years = (29500 × 15 × 2) ÷ 100 = ₹8850

⇒ Total actual interest earned = ₹8350

⇒ By Alligation Method, Ratio of Investment (A : B) = (8850 − 8350) : (8350 − 7375)

⇒ Ratio A : B = 500 : 975 = 20 : 39

⇒ Sum of ratio parts = 20 + 39 = 59 units

⇒ 59 units = ₹29500 ⇒ 1 unit = ₹500

⇒ Amount in Scheme A = 20 × 500 = ₹10000

∴ The correct answer is ₹10000.

Additional Information

Simple Interest Concept

Simple Interest is calculated only on the Principal amount. Formula: S.I. = P × R × T ÷ 100.

Alligation in Interest

When a sum is divided into two parts at different rates, the Alligation of the interest rates or interests gives the ratio of the Principals.

Effective Rate of Interest

Overall Rate % = (Total Interest ÷ Total Principal) × (100 ÷ Time). This helps find the weighted average of multiple schemes.

Here the logic is,

Hence, RUFIYAA is the correct answer.

The Correct answer is HFCs.

Key Points

• HFCs (Hydrofluorocarbons) are gases used primarily as refrigerants in air conditioning and refrigeration systems.
• HFCs are known to have no significant ozone-depleting potential (ODP).
• Unlike other chemicals, HFCs do not contain chlorine or bromine, which are the primary culprits in ozone layer depletion.
• HFCs are considered as a replacement for other ozone-depleting substances (ODS) like CFCs and HCFCs.
• They are, however, potent greenhouse gases and contribute to global warming, leading to their regulation under the Kigali Amendment to the Montreal Protocol.

 Additional Information

• CFCs (Chlorofluorocarbons)
• These compounds contain chlorine, fluorine, and carbon.
• They are known for their role in depleting the ozone layer through the release of chlorine atoms.
• Commonly used in refrigeration, air conditioning, and aerosol propellants before being phased out under the Montreal Protocol.
• Halons
• Halons are bromine-containing compounds used primarily in fire extinguishers.
• They are extremely effective at extinguishing fires but are also potent ozone-depleting substances.
• They release bromine atoms, which are more efficient at destroying ozone than chlorine atoms.
• Carbon tetrachloride
• It is a chemical compound that contains carbon and chlorine.
• Used in the past as a cleaning agent and in fire extinguishers.
• It has a high ozone depletion potential due to the release of chlorine atoms.

Given:

In 15 years,

A = 2P

2nd condition,

A = 2048P

Calculation:

A = P [1 + (r/100)]t

⇒ 2P = P [1 + (r/100)]15     

⇒ 2 = [1 + (r/100)]15 

⇒ 21/15 = [1 + (r/100)]    ----- (i)

⇒ 2048P = P [1 + (r/100)]t

⇒ 2048 = [1 + (r/100)]t

From (i)

⇒ 2048 = (21/15)t

⇒ 2¹¹ =  (21/15)t

⇒ 2¹¹ =  2t/15

⇒ 11 = t/15

⇒ t = 165 years

The positions of the letters according to the English alphabet series :

The pattern followed is:

Similarly,

Hence, “22184010” is the correct answer.

The correct answer is Rajasthan.

Key Points

• Tamil Nadu has been at the forefront of implementing effective road safety measures.
• The state has introduced the Road Safety Action Plan to reduce road accidents and fatalities.
• It has established road safety councils at both the state and district levels to monitor and implement safety measures.
• The state has adopted advanced traffic management systems, including the use of surveillance cameras and speed detectors.
• Tamil Nadu has also focused on public awareness campaigns to educate citizens about road safety.
• The state government has improved emergency response services to provide timely medical assistance to accident victims.
• Strict enforcement of traffic laws and regulations has been a key strategy in reducing road accidents in the state.

 Additional Information

• Rajasthan is going to become the first State in the country to adopt an action plan for road safety for the next 10 years.
• The action plan will be aimed at reducing road accidents in the State by 50% till 2030.
• The policy would generate awareness among the public at large about road safety provisions and bring about behavioural changes for complying with road safety rules.
• According to the sources, the World Bank would help the State government in the preparation of an action plan and road safety policy by incorporating the best practices adopted in different countries.
• The action plan will be implemented in three stages. The first stage is from 2025 to 2027, the second from 2027 to 2030 and the third from 2030 to 2033.
• It will lay emphasis on different aspects of speed limit, safe distance, traffic signals, use of road barriers, pedestrian safety, use of seatbelts, helmets, and vehicle insurance.

Given:

Length of the track = 1200 m = 1.2 km

Speed of A = 27 km/h

Speed of B = 45 km/h

Concept:

When two bodies move in the same direction, their relative speed is the difference of their speeds.

Time = Distance / Speed

Solution:

⇒ Relative speed = Speed of B - Speed of A = 45 - 27 = 18 km/h

⇒ Time = Distance / Speed = 1.2 / 18

⇒ 0.0667 hours = 0.0667 ×  60 ×  60 = 240 seconds

Hence, they will meet again for the first time on the track after 240 seconds.

IFNEK → KNIFE

APUALTS → SPATULA

HWCSTI → SWITCH

ONOPS → SPOON

Knife, Spatula and Spoon are the kitchen utensils whereas Switch is not a utensil.

Hence, HWCSTI is the odd one.

The Correct answer is Mudra Rakshasa.

Key Points

• Mudra Rakshasa is a famous Sanskrit play authored by Vishakhadatta.
• This play is a significant work in the realm of ancient Indian drama and literature.
• The play is set in the historical context of the rise of the Maurya Empire after Alexander the Great's invasion of India.
• The central theme revolves around the political intrigue and diplomacy employed by Chanakya (Kautilya) to install Chandragupta Maurya on the throne.
• Mudra Rakshasa is celebrated for its complex characters and intricate plot.
• The play vividly depicts the strategies and cunning tactics used in ancient Indian politics.

 Additional Information

• Arthashastra
• Arthashastra is an ancient Indian treatise on statecraft, economic policy, and military strategy.
• It was authored by Kautilya (Chanakya), who was a teacher and advisor to Chandragupta Maurya.
• The text is known for its detailed analysis of political and economic systems in ancient India.
• Manusmriti
• Manusmriti, also known as the Laws of Manu, is an ancient legal text of the Hindu tradition.
• It is one of the earliest works on Hindu law and dharma (moral law).
• The text deals with various aspects of life, including caste, family, and social responsibilities.
• Mahabharata
• The Mahabharata is one of the two major Sanskrit epics of ancient India, the other being the Ramayana.
• It is attributed to the sage Vyasa and is a monumental work of Indian literature.
• The epic narrates the story of the Kurukshetra War and the fates of the Kaurava and Pandava princes.

Given:

A1 does the work in 12 days.

A2 does the same work in 15 days.

A1, A2, and A3 together do the work in 5 days.

Formula:

Work = Time × Efficiency

Calculation:

Total work = LCM(12, 15, 5) = 60 units

Efficiency of A1 = 60/12 = 5

Efficiency of A2 = 60/15 = 4

Efficiency of A1 + A2 + A3 = 60/5 = 12

Efficiency of A3 = (Efficiency of A1 + A2 + A3) - (Efficiency of A1 + A2)

⇒ Efficiency of A3 = 12 - 9 = 3

Time taken by A3 to complete the work = 60/3 = 20 days

Therefore, A3 alone can do the work in 20 days.

We can dram following Family Tree from information given above:

The above details are insufficient to establish a relation between the two. Therefore, their relation cannot be determined.

The Correct answer is Satara Museum.

Key Points

• The Bagh Nakh is a traditional weapon used in India, known for its unique claw-like design.
• This weapon was famously used by the Maratha warrior Shivaji Maharaj to kill Afzal Khan.
• The Satara Museum is located in the Satara district of Maharashtra, India.
• The museum holds a collection of artefacts related to the Maratha Empire, including the Bagh Nakh.
• It is an important cultural and historical repository for the state of Maharashtra.

 Additional Information

• Delhi Museum
• The National Museum in Delhi is one of the largest museums in India.
• It holds a vast collection of artifacts from different periods of Indian history, including the Harappan Civilization, the Maurya Empire, and the Mughal period.
• Kolkata Museum
• The Indian Museum in Kolkata is the oldest and largest museum in India.
• It houses extensive collections of antiques, armour, ornaments, fossils, skeletons, mummies, and Mughal paintings.
• Chennai Museum
• The Government Museum in Chennai, also known as the Madras Museum, is the second oldest museum in India.
• It has rich collections in the fields of archaeology, numismatics, zoology, and natural history.

Given:

​5 kg of metal A and 20kg of metal B are mixed to form an alloy.

Calculation:

Total quantity of the alloy = 5 + 20

⇒ 25 kg

So, required % of metal A = (5/25) × 100

⇒ 20%

∴ The percentage of metal A in the alloy is 20%.

The logic follows here is :-

LDPHSKDVFXWO stands for IMPACT is as follows :

Similarly, OGDVXPQIFXKC stand for :

Thus, the correct answer is "LAUNCH".

The correct answer is 9.8 m/s².

Key Points

• The acceleration due to gravity on Earth is 9.8 m/s².
• This value is derived from the universal law of gravitation formulated by Isaac Newton.
• The formula used to calculate gravitational acceleration is g = G*M/R², where G is the gravitational constant, M is the mass of the Earth, and R is the radius of the Earth.
• Gravitational acceleration is crucial for various scientific calculations, including projectile motion, orbital mechanics, and free-fall experiments.
• This value is an average and can vary slightly depending on your location on the Earth's surface, such as altitude and latitude.
• The standard value of 9.8 m/s² is used in most educational and scientific contexts to simplify calculations and provide a common reference point.

Concept used:

Profit = SP - CP

Profit% = (Profit ÷ CP) × 100

Calculation:

Cost Price = 0.75 MP

SP = 1.2 MP

Profit = 1.2MP - 0.75MP = 0.45MP

Profit% = 0.45MP ÷ 0.75MP × 100 = 60%

∴ The Profit% is 60%.

In fig. (X), one of the dots lies in the region common to three figures except for triangle and the other dot lies in the region common to all the four figures.

In each figure (b), (c) and (d) there is no region common for all figures in figure (a), there is region common to all the four figures and common region common to three figures except triangle.

Hence, option 1 is the correct answer.

The correct answer is Calcium Carbonate.

Key Points

• Limestone is primarily composed of the mineral calcite, which is chemically known as Calcium Carbonate (CaCO3).
• Calcium Carbonate is a chemical compound with the formula CaCO3.
• It is a common substance found in rocks as the minerals calcite and aragonite (most notably as limestone).
• Limestone is used extensively in construction, especially in the production of cement and concrete.
• It is also used in the manufacture of glass, and as a raw material for the production of quicklime (calcium oxide).
• Calcium Carbonate is also used in the pharmaceutical industry as a calcium supplement or antacid.

 Additional Information

• Sodium Carbonate
• Sodium Carbonate (Na2CO3) is also known as washing soda or soda ash.
• It is used in the manufacture of glass, detergents, and soaps.
• Sodium Carbonate is also used in the chemical industry as a pH regulator.
• Potassium Carbonate
• Potassium Carbonate (K2CO3) is commonly known as potash.
• It is used in the production of glass, soap, and as a drying agent for some liquids.
• Potassium Carbonate is also used in the food industry as a buffering agent and in the production of cocoa and baked goods.
• Magnesium Carbonate
• Magnesium Carbonate (MgCO3) is used as a drying agent and in fireproofing applications.
• It is also used in the sports industry as a chalk to improve grip in gymnastics, weightlifting, and rock climbing.
• Magnesium Carbonate is used in the pharmaceutical industry as an antacid and laxative.

Given:

Income ratio = 4 : 5

Expenditure ratio = 5: 6

A savings = Rs. 25

B savings = Rs. 50

Formula Used:

Savings = Income - Expenditure.

Calculation:

Let The ratio of income for A and B is 4x : 5x.

and The ratio of expenditure for A and B is 5y : 6y.

∴ 4x - 5y = 25 → (1) and 5x - 6y = 50 → (2)

multiply eq(1) with 6 and eq(2) with 5, we get

24x - 30y = 150 → (3) and 25x - 30y = 250 → (4)

Subtract eq(4) and eq(3) , we get 

⇒ 25x - 30y - 24x + 30y = 250 - 150

⇒ x = 100

∴ incomes of A and B is Rs. 400 and Rs. 500

∴ The total income of A and B is Rs. 900

In fig. (X), one of the dot lies in the region common to cylinder and quadrilateral only and the other dot lies in the region common to all the four figures.

In each figures (a) and (c), there is no region common to cylinder and quadrilateral only and in figure (b), there is no region common to all the four figures.

Only figure (d) consists of both the type of regions.

The Correct answer is Supersonic Missile-Assisted Release of Torpedo.

Key Points

• The term SMART stands for Supersonic Missile-Assisted Release of Torpedo in the Indian defense context.
• It is a technological advancement that integrates a missile and a torpedo for enhanced operational capabilities.
• Developed by the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) of India.
• The system enhances the capability to engage submarines at longer ranges.
• SMART can travel at supersonic speeds, making it difficult for adversaries to intercept.
• The missile carries a lightweight torpedo as its payload, which is released into the water near the target.
• This system is part of India's efforts to strengthen its anti-submarine warfare capabilities.

Given:

A and B together can complete a given work in 10 days.

C can complete the same work alone in 15 days.

Concept used:

Efficiency = (Total work / Total time taken)

Efficiency = work done in a single day      

Calculation:

Let total work is 30 units ( Lcm of 10 and 15)

Efficiency of A + B is

⇒ 30 / 10 = 3 unit

Again, Efficiency of C is,

⇒ 30 / 15 = 2 unit

Total Efficiency,

⇒ 3 + 2 = 5 unit

So, time will be ,

⇒ 30 / 5 

= 6 days

∴ The correct option is 3

The logic is:

4 × 3 - 4 = 12 - 4 = 8

8 × 3 + 4 = 24 + 4 = 28

28 × 3 - 4 = 84 - 4 = 80

80 × 3 + 4 = 240 + 4 = 244 

244 × 3 - 4 = 732 - 4 = 728

728 × 3 + 4 = 2184 + 4 = 2188

Hence, ‘2188’ is the correct answer.

The Correct answer is Gaofen-11.

Key Points

• Gaofen-11 is a high-resolution optical imaging satellite.
• It is part of the China High-resolution Earth Observation System (CHEOS).
• The satellite is designed for earth observation and can capture images with high precision.
• Gaofen-11 is used for a variety of applications including land survey, urban planning, road network design, agriculture, and disaster relief.
• The satellite was launched by the China National Space Administration (CNSA).
• It helps in improving China's capabilities in monitoring and managing natural resources and the environment.

 Additional Information

• Tiangong-1
• Tiangong-1 was China's first space station, launched in 2011.
• It was part of the Tiangong program aimed at developing a larger, modular space station.
• The space station was used for manned missions and docking experiments.
• It re-entered the Earth's atmosphere and burned up in 2018.
• Beidou-3
• Beidou-3 is part of the Beidou Navigation Satellite System (BDS), which provides global navigation services.
• The system offers positioning, navigation, and timing services.
• It is China's counterpart to the U.S. GPS, Russia's GLONASS, and the European Union's Galileo.
• Long March-5
• Long March-5 is a heavy-lift launch vehicle developed by the China National Space Administration (CNSA).
• It is used to launch satellites, space stations, and lunar missions.
• It has played a key role in China's space exploration programs, including the Chang'e lunar missions.

Given:

If the perimeter of the base of a cone is 220 cm and its height is 2 more than twice the radius of a cone

Formula Used:

Perimeter of the base of a cone = 2π r

Volume of cone = 1/3 π r²h

Where, r = radius, h = height

Calculation:

Perimeter of the base of a cone = 2π r

⇒ 2π r = 220

⇒ r = 35 cm

Height = 2 more than twice the radius of a cone

⇒ h = 2 + 35 × 2

⇒ h = 72 cm

Volume of cone = 1/3 π r²h

⇒ (1/3)π 35 × 35 × 72

⇒ 92400 cm³

∴ The Volume of Cone is 92400 cm3

In fig. (X), one of the dot lies in the region common to hexagon, triangle and trapezium only and the other dot lies in the region common to all the four figures.

In each figures (a) and (d), there is no region common to hexagon, triangle and trapezium and in figure (b), there is no region common to all the four figures.

Only figure (c) consists of both the type of regions.

The correct answer is Petroleum products.

Key Points

• Petroleum products are currently outside the purview of the Goods and Services Tax (GST) in India.
• This exclusion applies to products such as crude oil, natural gas, petrol, diesel, and aviation turbine fuel.
• The taxation of these products remains under the jurisdiction of the central and state governments, with excise duty and Value Added Tax (VAT) being levied.
• The exclusion is primarily due to the significant revenue that both central and state governments derive from these products.
• Inclusion of petroleum products under GST has been a topic of discussion, but it has not been implemented due to potential revenue shortfalls for states.

 Additional Information

• Electronic goods
• Electronic goods such as mobile phones, laptops, and other electronic devices are subject to GST in India.
• The applicable GST rates can vary but commonly range between 18% and 28%.
• Textiles
• The textile sector in India is also under the GST regime.
• Different textile products have different GST rates, typically ranging from 5% to 18%.
• Pharmaceuticals
• Pharmaceutical products are taxed under GST, with rates generally ranging from 5% to 12%.
• Some essential and life-saving drugs may be exempt from GST or taxed at a lower rate.

Given

Down stream distance = 21 km

Time taken in downstream = 7 hours

Distance covered in upstream = (1/3) × 21

= 7 km

Time taken in downstream = 7 km

Formula used

Speed of stream = (Downstream speed - Upstream speed)/2

Speed = Distance/Time

Calculation

Downstream speed = 21/7 = 3 km/h

Upstream speed = [21 × (1/3)]/7 = 7/7

⇒ 1 km/h

Speed of stream = (Downstream speed - Upstream speed)/2

⇒ (3 - 1)/2 = 2/2

⇒ 1 km/h

∴ Speed of stream is 1 km/h

Orthodox and Ceremonial both are synonyms which means following or agreeing with established form, custom, or rules.

Similarly, Ponder and Contemplate are also synonyms which means to give serious and careful thought to something.

Hence, ponder is the correct answer.

The Correct answer is London.

Key Points

• Amnesty International is a non-governmental organization (NGO) focused on human rights.
• The organization was founded in 1961 by Peter Benenson.
• The headquarters of Amnesty International is located in London, United Kingdom.
• Amnesty International conducts research and generates action to prevent and end abuses of human rights.
• The organization has won the Nobel Peace Prize in 1977 for its campaign against torture.
• Amnesty International also received the UN Prize in the Field of Human Rights in 1978.

 Additional Information

• New York
• New York is home to the headquarters of the United Nations.
• It is one of the most significant international cities in the world.
• Geneva
• Geneva is known for hosting the headquarters of numerous international organizations, including the World Health Organization (WHO) and the International Red Cross.
• It is a major hub for diplomacy and international cooperation.
• Paris
• Paris is the home of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO).
• It is known for its significant contributions to global education, science, and culture.

Given:

Salaries of Ravi and Sumit are in the ratio = 2 ∶ 3

Calculation:

Let the income of Ravi and Sumit is 2k and 3k respectively.

So,

⇒ (2k + 3000)/(3k + 3000) = 40/57

⇒ 114k + 171000 = 120k + 120000

⇒ 120k - 114k = 171000 - 120000

⇒ 6k = 51000

⇒ k = 8500

Ravi's salary after increment = (2k + 3000)

⇒ (2 × 8500) + 3000

⇒ 17000 + 3000 = Rs.20,000

∴ The correct answer is Rs.20,000.

Shortcut TrickCalculation:

So,

⇒ (40 × 3) - (57 × 2) = 3000 × (57 - 40)

⇒ 6 units = 3000 × 17

⇒ 1 unit = Rs.8500

Ravi salary = 8500 × 2 = Rs.17000

After increment = 17000 + 3000 = Rs.20,000

∴ The correct answer is Rs.20,000.

Total hours between 8 am and 8 pm = 12 hours

It is given, the clock gains 5 minutes in each hour.

So, in 12 hours the clock gains = 12 × 5 = 60 minutes.

Hence, total gains by clock is 60 minutes.

The Correct answer is Portable Hospital.

Key Points

• BHISM stands for Battlefield Hospitalization and Intensive Care System for Military.
• It is essentially a Portable Hospital designed to provide immediate medical care in remote and battlefield areas.
• The system is equipped with advanced medical technology and can be quickly deployed to provide emergency medical services.
• It is designed to be modular, meaning it can be assembled and disassembled quickly and efficiently.
• This system is crucial for providing timely medical intervention to soldiers and civilians in conflict zones and disaster-stricken areas.

 Additional Information

• Mobile Health Unit
• A Mobile Health Unit is a vehicle equipped with medical facilities to provide healthcare services in remote and underserved areas.
• These units can offer basic medical services, immunizations, and health screenings.
• Remote Surgery Device
• A Remote Surgery Device allows surgeons to perform operations from a distance using robotic systems and advanced communication technologies.
• This technology is particularly useful in situations where the surgeon cannot be physically present.
• Medical Supply Drone
• A Medical Supply Drone is an unmanned aerial vehicle used to deliver medical supplies such as medications, blood, and vaccines to remote or hard-to-reach areas.
• These drones are particularly useful during disasters and emergencies.

Given:

12 ÷ 4 of 3 × 6 + 8 ÷16 of 4 × 8 - 4 ÷ 6 x 9

Formula used:

Order of operations (BODMAS/BIDMAS): Brackets, Orders (i.e. powers and square roots, etc.), Division and Multiplication, Addition and Subtraction

Calculation:

12 ÷ 4 of 3 × 6 + 8 ÷16 of 4 × 8 - 4 ÷ 6 x 9

⇒ 12 ÷ 12 × 6 + 8 ÷ 64 × 8 - 2/3 × 9

⇒ 1 × 6 + 1/8 × 8 - 6

⇒ 6 + 1 - 6

⇒ 1

∴ The correct answer is option (3).

The pattern followed here is :

Here, "DICE" is the correct answer.

The correct answer is IL-78s.

Key Points

• The IL-78 is a Soviet-built multi-role tanker transport aircraft.
• It is primarily used for air-to-air refuelling, enhancing the operational range of fighter aircraft.
• The Indian Air Force (IAF) operates the IL-78s to refuel its fleet of fighter jets such as the Sukhoi-30MKI and Mirage 2000.
• The IL-78 is equipped with three refuelling points: two underwing pods and a centerline hose.
• It has a maximum fuel capacity of around 110,000 kg, which allows it to support multiple aircraft in a single mission.
• Besides refueling, the IL-78 can also be used for transport missions due to its large cargo space.

 Additional Information

• Mirage 2000
• The Mirage 2000 is a multi-role combat fighter jet developed by Dassault Aviation of France.
• It is known for its agility, speed, and precision strike capabilities.
• The Indian Air Force uses the Mirage 2000 for various roles including air defense, ground attack, and reconnaissance.
• Sukhoi-30MKI
• The Sukhoi-30MKI is a twinjet multi-role air superiority fighter developed by Russia's Sukhoi and built under license by Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL) for the Indian Air Force.
• It is known for its supermaneuverability, long-range, and advanced avionics.
• The aircraft can carry a wide range of munitions, making it versatile for various combat scenarios.
• C-130J Super Hercules
• The C-130J Super Hercules is a tactical transport aircraft manufactured by Lockheed Martin.
• It is used for airlift, cargo transport, and humanitarian missions.
• The aircraft is capable of operating from rough, dirt strips and is the prime transport for airdropping troops and equipment into hostile areas.

Shortcut Trick

Since the speed of the train is constant, time taken is directly proportional to the distance covered.

Distance to cross pole = 120 m (Train length)

Distance to cross platform = 120 + 180 = 300 m (Train + Platform length)

Time for 120 m = 5 sec

Time for 300 m = (5 ÷ 120) × 300 = 5 × 2.5 = 12.5 sec

∴ The correct answer is 12(1/2) sec.

Alternate Method

Given:

Length of train (L_T) = 120 m

Time to cross pole (T₁) = 5 sec

Length of platform (L_P) = 180 m

Formula Used:

Speed = Total Distance ÷ Total Time

Calculations:

⇒ Speed of the train = Length of train ÷ Time to cross pole

⇒ Speed = 120 ÷ 5 = 24 m/s

⇒ Total distance to cross platform = Length of train + Length of platform

⇒ Total distance = 120 + 180 = 300 m

⇒ Time taken to cross platform = Total distance ÷ Speed

⇒ Time = 300 ÷ 24

⇒ Time = 12.5 sec

∴ The correct answer is 12(1/2) sec.

Additional Information

Crossing Stationary Objects

When a train crosses a stationary object of negligible length (pole, man), distance = length of train. For objects with length (bridge, tunnel), distance = length of train + length of object.

Unit Conversion

To convert speed from km/h to m/s, multiply by 5/18. To convert from m/s to km/h, multiply by 18/5.

Relative Speed

When two objects move in the opposite direction, relative speed = S₁ + S₂. In the same direction, relative speed = |S₁ − S₂|.

According to the given information:

Potato is a vegetable and brinjal is also a vegetable.

But potato and brinjal are not related to each other.

So, the Venn diagram that best illustrates their relationship is: 

Hence, the correct answer is "Potato, Vegetable, Brinjal".

The correct answer is Chandigarh.

Key Points

• The Air Force Heritage Museum is located in Chandigarh.
• The museum showcases the history and heritage of the Indian Air Force.
• It features a variety of exhibits, including aircraft models, uniforms, and memorabilia.
• The museum aims to educate and inspire visitors about the role and achievements of the Indian Air Force.
• It is a popular destination for aviation enthusiasts and students.
• The museum is located in the Sector 18 of Chandigarh, making it easily accessible to the public.

 Additional Information

• New Delhi
• New Delhi is the capital of India.
• It is home to several important landmarks such as the India Gate, Rashtrapati Bhavan, and the Parliament House.
• New Delhi also hosts various other museums like the National Museum and the National Rail Museum.
• Bangalore
• Bangalore is known as the Silicon Valley of India due to its role as the nation's leading information technology (IT) exporter.
• The city is also home to the Aerospace Museum, showcasing the history of aviation in India.
• Bangalore is the capital of the Indian state of Karnataka.
• Pune
• Pune is known for its educational institutions and is often referred to as the Oxford of the East.
• The city hosts several historical landmarks such as the Aga Khan Palace and the Shaniwar Wada.
• Pune is also a major center for the Indian Defense Forces, hosting various defense-related establishments.

Given:

A student has to secure 40% of the marks to pass an exam. 

He gets only 45 marks and fails by 5 marks. 

Calculation:

A student gets 45 marks and failed by 5 marks.

Passing marks = (45 + 5) = 50 marks.

Now, according to the question

⇒ 40% = 50

⇒ 100% = [(50 × 100)/40]

⇒ 125 marks.

∴ The maximum marks are 125.

The pattern followed here is:

25 - 13 = 12

27 - 13 = 14

Similarly,

95 - 58 = 37

72 - 58 = 14

Hence, the answer is ‘14’.

The Correct answer is France.

Key Points

• Garuda exercise is a joint military exercise between India and France.
• The exercise is held to enhance the operational cooperation and interoperability between the Indian Air Force (IAF) and the French Air and Space Force (FASF).
• It includes various activities such as air combat missions, missions involving large force engagements, and ground operations.
• The exercise aims to improve the mutual understanding and coordination between the two air forces.
• It is conducted on a biennial basis, with the location alternating between India and France.
• The Garuda exercise also involves exchange of professional experiences and best practices between the participating air forces.

 Additional Information

• USA
• The USA and India conduct several joint military exercises, notable among them is the Yudh Abhyas exercise.
• Yudh Abhyas is a bilateral training exercise aimed at enhancing cooperation and interoperability between the armies of the two nations.
• Russia
• India and Russia participate in the Indra exercise, which includes all three services: Army, Navy, and Air Force.
• The exercise focuses on counter-terrorism, maritime security, and joint operations.
• Japan
• India and Japan conducted the Shinyuu Maitri exercise, which is an air force exercise aimed at improving coordination and interoperability.
• Another notable exercise is JIMEX, which is a maritime exercise between the Indian Navy and the Japanese Maritime Self-Defense Force.

Calculation:

Let total aggregate marks = x

⇒ 40% of x = 265 + 55

⇒ $\frac{40}{100}$× x = 320

⇒ x = 800

∴ The correct answer is 800

As the month begins on Tuesday, So 6th, 13th, 20th, and 27th are Sundays.

While 12th and 26th are second Saturdays.

Thus, there are 6 holidays in the month having 31 days.

Therefore, Number of working days = 31 - 6 = 25 days

Hence, ''25'' is the correct answer.

The Correct answer is Nicotine.

Key Points

• Nicotine is a potent chemical found in cigarette smoke.
• It acts as a stimulant and is highly addictive, which is why people find it difficult to quit smoking.
• Nicotine affects the central nervous system by releasing neurotransmitters like dopamine, which gives a feeling of pleasure and satisfaction.
• It is also used in nicotine replacement therapies (NRTs) such as nicotine patches and gum to help people quit smoking.
• Chronic exposure to nicotine can lead to cardiovascular diseases, respiratory issues, and various types of cancers.

 Additional Information

• Methane
• Methane is a colourless, odorless gas that is a major component of natural gas.
• It is not typically associated with cigarette smoke but is a significant greenhouse gas contributing to global warming.
• Carbon dioxide
• Carbon dioxide (CO₂) is a colourless gas produced by burning carbon and organic compounds and by respiration.
• It is present in cigarette smoke but is not the primary harmful component.
• Ethanol
• Ethanol is a type of alcohol used in alcoholic beverages and as a fuel additive.
• It is not found in cigarette smoke but is often used in hand sanitisers and disinfectants.

Given:

The length of a rectangle is three times its breadth

If its length is decreased by 7 cm and breadth is increased by 7 cm, then the area of the

rectangle is increased by 147 cm²

Concept:

Area of a rectangle = Length × Breadth

If the length is '3x' and the breadth is 'x', then the area is '3x²'

Solution:

The initial area of the rectangle

⇒ 3x²

When length is decreased by 7 cm and breadth is increased by 7 cm

⇒ The new area (3x-7)(x+7)

The increase in the area

⇒ (3x-7)(x+7) - 3x² = 147

Solving the equation 3x² - 7x + 21x - 49 - 3x² = 147

⇒ 14x - 49 = 147

⇒ x = (147+49)/14 ≈ 14

The length of the rectangle is three times the breadth

⇒ Length = 3x = 3 × 14

⇒ 42 cm

∴ The length of the initial rectangle is 42 cm.

The logic follows here is;

Hence, "4090" is the correct answer.

The Correct answer is Air traffic control.

Key Points

• Mission Ishan is primarily focused on enhancing air traffic control capabilities.
• The objective is to improve the efficiency and safety of air travel in the northeastern region of India.
• This mission aims to modernize and upgrade the existing air traffic management infrastructure.
• It involves the installation of advanced radar systems and communication networks.
• The initiative is part of a broader effort to boost connectivity and economic growth in the region.
• By improving air traffic control, Mission Ishan helps in reducing flight delays and enhancing the overall passenger experience.

 Additional Information

• Improve air quality
• Improving air quality typically involves measures to reduce pollution from industrial and vehicular emissions.
• It includes initiatives like promoting clean energy and enforcing stricter emission standards.
• Water conservation
• Water conservation efforts focus on the efficient use and management of water resources.
• It includes techniques such as rainwater harvesting and the adoption of water-saving technologies.
• Road safety
• Road safety initiatives aim to reduce traffic accidents and improve the safety of road users.
• Measures may include the implementation of better traffic management systems and public awareness campaigns.

Given:

Train speed = 30 m/s

Bridge length = 650 m

Time to cross = 50 s

Concept:

The total distance covered when a train crosses a bridge is the sum of the length of the train and the length of the bridge. This total distance is equal to the speed of the train times the time it takes to cross the bridge.

Solution:

Total distance covered = speed × time = 30 × 50 = 1500 m

Length of train = total distance - bridge length = 1500 - 650 = 850 m

Hence, the length of the train is 850 metres (Option 3).

The pattern follows by the question figure is :

1. The element inside the circle is moving clockwise direction from one part to another.
2. '5 and M' are replaced by their mirror and water image respectively as the series follow.
3. Triangle shaped figure is increased by one side in each next step.
4. 'V' shaped figure moves 45^o in the clockwise direction.

Hence, the figure in option 3 is the correct answer.

The correct answer is 9.

Key Points

• Kho-Kho is a traditional Indian sport that is very popular in schools and colleges.
• A standard Kho-Kho team consists of 9 players on the field.
• The game is played between two teams, with one team sitting on their knees in the middle of the court, while the other team tries to avoid being touched by them.
• The objective of the game is to tag or touch as many players from the opposing team as possible within a stipulated time.
• The sport is known for its quick reflexes, agility, and strategy.
• Kho-Kho is governed by the Kho-Kho Federation of India (KKFI).
• The game is usually played on a rectangular court with specific dimensions as per the rules of KKFI.

 Additional Information

• Kabaddi
• Kabaddi is another traditional Indian sport that involves two teams of seven players each.
• The objective is to score points by raiding into the opponent's court and touching as many defense players as possible without getting caught.
• The game is known for its combination of strength, agility, and strategy.
• Cricket
• Cricket is a globally popular sport that originated in England.
• A standard cricket team consists of 11 players.
• The game is governed by the International Cricket Council (ICC).

The mirror image of the question figure is as follows:

Hence, "option (3)" is the correct answer.

The correct answer is 1951.

Key Points

• India won its first gold medal in football in the 1951 Asian Games.
• The 1951 Asian Games were held in New Delhi, India.
• The victory marked a significant achievement in Indian football history, especially since the event was held on home soil.
• The Indian team was led by Sailen Manna, one of the most celebrated footballers of that era.
• India defeated Iran in the final match to secure the gold medal.
• This triumph laid the foundation for future successes in Indian football during the 1950s and 1960s.

 Additional Information

• Sailen Manna
• Sailen Manna was an iconic Indian footballer and captain of the national team.
• He was included in the list of the world's ten best captains by the English Football Association in 1953.
• Manna was known for his leadership skills and defensive capabilities.
• 1951 Asian Games
• The 1951 Asian Games were the first-ever Asian Games, hosted in New Delhi, India.
• These games marked the beginning of a new era in Asian sports, fostering regional cooperation and competition.
• A total of 11 nations participated in the event, with over 489 athletes competing in 57 events across eight sports.

Kedarnath is a town in the state of Uttarakhand. Hampi is located in Karnataka.

The correct Venn diagram representation is,

Hence, Option 1 is the correct answer.

The correct answer is All I, II, and III.

Key Points

• Union List, also known as List-I, is a list of 100 items that were given in the 7^th schedule in the Indian Constitution.
• Defense, Banking, and Inter-State Trade and Commerce all come under this list.
• SEVENTH SCHEDULE (Article 246) List I—Union List
• 1. Defense of India and every part thereof including preparation for defense and all such acts as may be conducive in times of war to its prosecution and after its termination to effective demobilization.
• 42. Inter-State trade and commerce.
• 43. Incorporation, regulation, and winding up of trading corporations, including banking, insurance, and financial corporations, but not including co-operative societies.
• 45. Banking

Important Points

• State List: States have exclusive powers on this list to deal with.
• Public order, Railways Police, Public health and sanitation, Prisons, reformatories, Borstal institutions, and other institutions of a like nature, etc
• Concurrent List: Both Union and States can make laws on the subjects in this list.
• Bankruptcy and insolvency, Trust and Trustees, Prevention of cruelty to animals, etc.

Bhavya’s position = 5^th from left

Trisha’s position = 3^rd from right

Number of people between Bhavya and Trisha = 6

Therefore, total number of people = Bhavya’s position + Trisha’s position + Number of people between them = 5 + 3 + 6 = 14

Hence, total number of people in the row are 14.

Note:

When between members ≤ (least people - 2) = overlapping

When, between members ≥ (least people - 2) = No overlapping

The correct answer is Africa.

Key Points

• The Olympic flag has a white background, with five interlocked rings in the center.
• The five interlocking rings, colored blue, yellow, black, green, and red.
• The five rings represent the five continents of the world:  Europe, Asia, Africa, The Americas, and Oceania
• The symbol was originally designed in 1913 by de Coubertin (Released in 1914).

The least possible Venn diagram is shown according to the given information.

Statement:

Only a few Phones are Charger.

Only a few Charger are Laptop.

No Laptop is Tablets.

Conclusion:

I) All Phones being Laptop is a Possibility → Follow → As Only a few Phones are Charger, Only a few Charger are Laptop and No Laptop is Tablets. So All phones being Laptop is a Possibility is definitely followed.

II) Some Charger are not Tablets → Follow → As Only a few Phones are Charger, Only a few Charger are Laptop and No Laptop is Tablets. So Some Charger are not Tablets is definitely followed.

III) All Laptops are Tablets → Does not follow → As Only a few Phones are Charger, Only a few Charger are Laptop and No Laptop is Tablets. So All Laptop are Tablets is not definitely followed.

So, Only conclusion I and II follow.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 4"

Important Points1) "Only a few" means is the combination of "Some" and "Some not".

2. Example:- Only a few A are B means Some A are B and Some A are not B.

3. Only a few A are B means only a specific part of A is B and the remaining part of the A is not B.

The Correct Answer is Yamuna.

• The Ken River is one of the major rivers of the Bundelkhand region of central India.
• It flows across Madhya Pradesh and Uttar Pradesh.
• It is a tributary of the Yamuna.

Additional Information

Betwa

• It is a tributary of the Yamuna.
• It rises in the Vindhya Range (Raisen) in Madhya Pradesh.
• The confluence of the Betwa and the Yamuna rivers is the Hamirpur district in Uttar Pradesh.

Chambal

• Chambal River originates from the Singar Chouri peak on the northern slopes of the Vindhyan escarpment near Mandav, Madhya Pradesh.
• The Chambal River is a tributary of the Yamuna River
• The river flows north-northeast through Madhya Pradesh, running for a time through Rajasthan, then forming the boundary between Rajasthan and Madhya Pradesh before turning southeast to join the Yamuna in Uttar Pradesh.

Tapti

• The river originates near the Multai Reserve forest in MP.
• From there it enters Maharashtra and flows through the western part of Vidarbha and Khandesh.
• From Maharashtra, it flows into Gujarat, where its mouth is near Surat.

The diagram formed is as shown below :-

∴ Here, Pinki faces towards towards south at starting.

Hence, the correct answer is "South".

The correct answer is: Option 3.

Key Points

• Explanation: The passage makes it clear that the survival of humans and life on Earth is intimately linked with the health of the soil.
• This is evident in the line: “our very survival as humans – and life on this planet – is intimately linked with the health of a thin layer of soil enveloping the earth.”
• The passage elaborates on the various crucial roles that soil plays, such as providing food, fiber, and raw materials, supporting biodiversity, and acting as a carbon reservoir.
• In summary, option 3 'soil' is the correct answer as it directly aligns with the passage's emphasis on the essential role of soil in sustaining life on Earth.

Additional Information

• Inventions: The passage does not discuss inventions in the context of mankind’s survival.
• Celestial bodies: While the passage mentions celestial bodies, it is only to highlight how little we know about soil compared to them. The focus is on soil, not celestial bodies.
• Reproduction: The passage does not mention reproduction as a factor in mankind’s survival.

The correct answer is: Option 4.

Key Points

• Explanation: The passage focuses on the significance and mystery of the soil beneath our feet, discussing its critical role, fragility, and the need to understand it better.
• The title "Mysteries Under Man’s Feet" aptly captures the essence of the passage, which is about exploring and understanding the mysteries of the soil.
• In summary, option 4 'Mysteries Under Man’s Feet' is the most suitable title for the passage as it effectively encapsulates the main theme of exploring and understanding the significance and fragility of the soil.

Additional Information

• Moon and Mars Expedition: This title is misleading as it suggests the passage is about space exploration, which it is not.
• Necessity of Mining: This title does not relate to the passage, which does not discuss mining at all.
• The Uninhabitable Universe: While the passage does mention the Moon and Mars, the main focus is on the importance of soil on Earth, not the broader concept of an uninhabitable universe.

The correct answer is: Option 4.

Key Points

• Explanation: The passage emphasizes the critical importance of soil to human survival and highlights its fragility.
• Phrases such as "our very survival as humans," "highly dynamic, are very fragile," and "get ready to wait 1,000 years to get it back" convey a sense of urgency and concern about the state of the soil, indicative of an alarming tone.
• In summary, option 4 'alarming' best describes the tone of the speaker as it reflects the urgency and serious concern conveyed in the passage about the state and importance of soil.

Additional Information 

• Derisive: This tone implies ridicule or mockery, which is not present in the passage.
• Dogmatic: This tone implies a strict, dictatorial manner of presenting ideas, which is not reflective in the passage’s informative and warning style.
• Sarcastic: This tone involves irony or mockery, neither of which are used in the passage. The speaker is earnest and serious about the topic.
• In summary, option 4 'alarming' best describes the tone of the speaker as it reflects the urgency and serious concern conveyed in the passage about the state and importance of soil.

The correct answer is: Option 2.

Key Points

• Explanation: The passage mentions that if 10 cm of soil is lost, it will take 1,000 years to get it back.
• This emphasizes the fragility and the long time required for soil regeneration.
• In summary, option 2 '1,000' is the correct answer as it accurately reflects the information provided in the passage about the time required to renew the loss of 10 cm of soil.

Additional Information

• 1,00,000: This time duration is mentioned nowhere in the passage and is an overestimation.
• 100: This is an underestimated duration compared to the information given in the passage.
• 10,000: This is also an overestimation and is not supported by the passage.

The correct answer is: Disavow.

Key Points

• The word "Confess" means to admit or acknowledge something, often a wrongdoing or a secret. (स्वीकार करना)
• Example: She confessed to stealing the money from the drawer.
• "Disavow" means to deny responsibility or association with something, or to refuse to acknowledge something. (अस्वीकार करना)
• Example: He disavowed any connection to the controversial project.
• Hence, we can infer that the antonym of 'Confess' is 'Disavow'.

Therefore, the correct answer is: Disavow.

Additional Information

Here are the other options explained along with their Hindi meanings and example sentences:

• Scare (डराना): To cause fear or frighten someone.
• Example: The loud noise scared the children.
• Witness (गवाह): Someone who sees an event, typically a crime or accident, occur.
• Example: The witness testified in court about what he saw.
• Preface (भूमिका): An introduction to a book, often written by the author.
• Example: The author wrote a brief preface explaining the purpose of the book.

The correct answer is: Demolish.

Key Points

• The word "Establish" means to set up or create something, especially an institution or system, in a firm or permanent way. (स्थापित करना)
• Example: The government plans to establish new schools in rural areas to improve education facilities.
• "Demolish" refers to the act of destroying or tearing down something completely, especially a building or structure. (ध्वस्त करना)
• Example: The old factory was demolished to make space for a modern shopping complex.
• Hence, we can infer that the opposite of 'Establish' is 'Demolish'.

Therefore, the correct answer is: Demolish.

Additional Information

Here are the other options explained along with their Hindi meanings and example sentences:

• Charge (आरोप लगाना): To accuse someone of an offense or responsibility.
• Example: The police decided to charge the suspect with theft.
• Enlarge (बड़ा करना): To make something bigger or more extensive.
• Example: The company plans to enlarge its headquarters to accommodate more employees.
• Alert (चेतावनी देना): To warn someone about potential danger or problems.
• Example: The weather department issued an alert for heavy rainfall in the region.

The correct answer is: Inelegant.

Key Points

• The word "dainty" means something that is delicately small and pretty; it often refers to something that is elegant and refined in appearance. (नाज़ुक)
• Example: She picked up the dainty teacup with her fingers.
• "Inelegant" refers to something that lacks grace or refinement; it is clumsy or awkward in appearance or manner. (अशिष्ट)
• Example: His inelegant dance moves were the talk of the party.
• Hence, we can infer that the opposite of 'dainty' is 'inelegant'.

Therefore, the correct answer is: Inelegant.

Additional Information

Here are the other options explained along with their Hindi meanings and example sentences:

• Timid (डरपोक): Lacking in courage or confidence.
• Example: The timid child was hesitant to speak in front of the class.
• Critical (आलोचनात्मक): Expressing adverse or disapproving comments or judgments.
• Example: The critical review of the movie made the director upset.
• Demanding (मांग करनेवाला): Requiring much effort or attention.
• Example: The demanding job left her with little free time.

The correct answer is: Option 4 (Trick).

Key Points

• The word "Dodge" means to avoid something by a quick movement or clever manoeuvre. (बचाना)
• Example: He dodged the ball thrown at him by quickly stepping aside.
• "Trick" refers to a clever or deceitful action meant to achieve a goal or outwit someone. (चालाकी/चाल)
• Example: The magician performed an amazing trick that left the audience stunned.
• Hence, "Dodge" and "Trick" are synonymous as they both involve clever or skilful actions to avoid or deceive.

Therefore, the correct answer is: Option 4 (Trick).

Additional Information

Here are the other options explained along with their Hindi meanings and example sentences:

• Panic (घबराहट): A sudden overwhelming fear or anxiety that may cause irrational behaviour.
• Example: She felt panic when she realized she had lost her wallet.
• Opine (मत व्यक्त करना): To express an opinion about something.
• Example: He opined that the new policy would benefit small businesses.
• Display (प्रदर्शन): To show or exhibit something publicly.
• Example: The artist's paintings were displayed at the gallery last weekend.

The correct answer is: Option 1.

Key Points

• The word "Broad" means having an ample distance from side to side; wide. (चौड़ा)
• Example: The road was broad enough to accommodate four lanes of traffic.
• "Wide" refers to having a great extent from side to side. (विस्तृत)
• Example: The river was too wide to cross without a bridge.
• Hence, we can infer that the synonym of 'Broad' is 'Wide'.

Therefore, the correct answer is: Option 1.

Additional Information

Here are the other options explained along with their Hindi meanings and example sentences:

• Particular (विशेष): Specific or distinct.
• Example: She wanted that particular dress for her birthday.
• Exact (सटीक): Precise, correct in all details.
• Example: He gave the exact measurements for the project.
• Small (छोटा): Of a size that is less than normal or usual.
• Example: She lives in a small apartment in the city.

The correct answer is Option 2.

Key Points

• The sentence requires the past continuous tense to indicate an action that was ongoing at the time another action occurred.
• The past continuous tense is formed using "was/were" + the present participle (verb + -ing).
• In this case, "was celebrating" correctly indicates that the celebration was in progress when the trophy was dropped.
• Therefore, the correct answer is Option 2.

Correct Sentence: "The captain dropped the trophy while he was celebrating the victory with his teammates."

Additional Information

• Option 1: "celebrated" – This is the simple past tense, which does not convey the ongoing nature of the action.
• Option 3: "is celebrating" – This is the present continuous tense, which is not appropriate for past events.
• Option 4: "celebrates" – This is the simple present tense, which is not appropriate for past events.

The correct answer is ‘2’ i.e. pair.

Key Points

• The word 'pair' is the most appropriate option because it correctly denotes two of something, in this case, apples.
• The phrase 'a pair of apples' indicates that you ate two apples for dinner.
• The other options are incorrect:
• Option 1: 'pare' means to trim off the outer skin of something and does not make sense in this context.
• Option 3: 'pier' refers to a structure projecting into the water, often where boats dock, and is unrelated to apples.
• Option 4: 'pear' is a type of fruit and is not the correct word for indicating two apples.

Hence, the correct answer is option 2.

Correct sentence: Yesterday, I ate only a pair of apples for my dinner.

Additional Information

• Choosing the correct homophone is important for clarity in writing.
• Example: I bought a new pair of shoes.

The correct answer is Option 3.

Key Points

• The correct term to use in the context of the statement is "panel".
• A "panel" of experts refers to a group of people with specialized knowledge or skills who are brought together to give advice or opinions on a particular subject.
• Options such as "staff," "band," and "bunch" do not fit the context as appropriately as "panel" does.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 3.

Correct Sentence: "Questions will be answered by a panel of experts."

Additional Information

• Panel – A group of people with the necessary expertise brought together to discuss or decide on a particular issue.
• Staff – A group of people who work for an organization or business.
• Band – A group of musicians who play together.
• Bunch – A number of things, typically of the same kind, growing or fastened together.

The correct answer is: Extrovert.

Key Points

• The word "enthusiasm" means intense and eager enjoyment, interest, or approval. (उत्साह)
• Example: Her enthusiasm for the project was contagious, inspiring everyone to give their best.
• "Extrovert" refers to a person who is outgoing and socially confident. (बहिर्मुखी)
• Example: John is an extrovert who loves meeting new people and attending social gatherings.
• Hence, we can infer that a person who is filled with excessive enthusiasm is often an extrovert.

Therefore, the correct answer is: Extrovert.

Additional Information

Here are the other options explained along with their Hindi meanings and example sentences:

• Horticulturist (बागवानी विशेषज्ञ): A person who is skilled in garden cultivation and management.
• Example: The horticulturist gave us valuable tips on how to grow roses in our garden.
• Introvert (अंतर्मुखी): A person who is shy, reserved, and tends to be inward-turning.
• Example: Mary is an introvert who prefers spending time alone reading books.
• Narcissist (आत्ममुग्ध): A person who has an excessive interest in or admiration of themselves.
• Example: His narcissistic behavior made it difficult for him to maintain relationships.

The correct answer is Option 2)

Key Points

• The word "Arsenal" means a place where weapons and military equipment are stored or made. (हथियारों का भंडार)
• Example: The military base has a large arsenal to supply the troops during a conflict.
• "Mint" refers to a place where coins, medals, or tokens are manufactured. (सिक्के बनाने की जगह)
• Example: The Royal Mint produces all the coins for the United Kingdom.

Hence, we can infer that the one-word substitute for "A place for storage of arms and ammunition" is 'Arsenal'.

Additional Information

Here are the other options explained along with their Hindi meanings and example sentences:

• Mint (सिक्के बनाने की जगह): A place where coins, medals, or tokens are manufactured.
• Example: The Royal Mint produces all the coins for the United Kingdom.
• Monastery (मठ): A building or buildings occupied by a community of monks living under religious vows.
• Example: The monks live a simple life in the monastery.
• Scullery (बर्तन धोने का कमरा): A small kitchen or room at the back of a house used for washing dishes and other dirty household work.
• Example: She spent the morning cleaning the scullery.

The correct answer is Option 2)

Key Points

• The word "Suspect" means to have an idea or impression of the existence, presence, or truth of something without certain proof. (संदेह करना)
• Example: The police suspect that the thief is still in the neighborhood.
• "A doubtful look or examination of one's motives" refers to scrutinizing someone's intentions with suspicion. (किसी के उद्देश्यों पर संदेहपूर्ण दृष्टि या परीक्षा)
• Example: She gave him a suspect look when he offered to help without any reason.

Therefore, the correct answer is: Suspect.

Additional Information

Here are the other options explained along with their Hindi meanings and example sentences:

• Introspect (आत्मनिरीक्षण करना): To examine one's own thoughts and feelings.
• Example: After the argument, he took some time to introspect and understand his own feelings.
• Circumspect (सावधान): Wary and unwilling to take risks.
• Example: He was very circumspect in his financial dealings to avoid any losses.
• Retrospect (पुनरावलोकन): A review or contemplation of the past.
• Example: In retrospect, he realized that his decision was the right one.

The correct answer is: Option 3.

Key Points

• The word "Inflamous" is incorrectly spelt. The correct spelling should be "Infamous".
• "Infamous" refers to being known for a bad reputation or notorious acts. (कुख्यात)
• Example: The dictator was infamous for his brutal regime.

Therefore, the correct answer is: Option 3.

Additional Information

Here are the other options explained along with their Hindi meanings and example sentences:

• Arrangement (व्यवस्था): The action, process, or result of arranging or being arranged.
• Example: The arrangement of the furniture in the room was perfect for the event.
• Kerbstone (कर्बस्टोन): A stone or concrete edging to a pavement or raised path.
• Example: The kerbstone was newly installed along the sidewalk.
• Subjugator (विजेता): One who brings under control or conquers.
• Example: The subjugator enforced strict rules on the newly conquered territory.

The correct answer is: Option 3.

Key Points

• The word "Occurrance" is incorrectly spelt.
• The correct spelling is "Occurrence."
• ​"Occurrence" refers to something that happens or takes place. (घटना)
• Example: The occurrence of frequent power cuts has become a major issue in the town.

Therefore, the correct answer is: Option 3.

Additional Information

Here are the other options explained along with their Hindi meanings and example sentences:

• Conscious (सचेत): Being aware of and responding to one's surroundings.
• Example: She became conscious of someone following her.
• Receive (प्राप्त करना): To be given, presented with, or paid (something).
• Example: I received a gift on my birthday.
• Believe (विश्वास करना): To accept that something is true, especially without proof.
• Example: I believe in working hard to achieve success.

The correct answer is option 2.

Key Points

The misspelled word is 'Machinary'.

• The correct spelling would be 'Machinery'.
• The word 'Machinery' is a noun which means 'machines collectively or the components of a machine'. (मशीनरी)
• For Example -
• The factory needs to update its machinery to improve efficiency.

Therefore, the correct answer would be 'Machinary'.

Additional Information

Let's understand the meanings of the other marked words - 

• Hymn - a religious song or poem of praise to God (भजन)
• Idol - an image or representation of a god used as an object of worship (मूर्ति)
• Motto - a short sentence or phrase chosen as encapsulating the beliefs or ideals of an individual, family, or institution (उद्धरण)

The correct answer is: Option 1.

Key Points

• The word "Deliverence" is incorrectly spelt. The correct spelling is "Deliverance" which means the action of being rescued or set free. (मुक्ति)
• Example: They prayed for deliverance from their suffering.
• "Deliverance" refers to the action of being rescued or set free. (मुक्ति)
• Example: The villagers celebrated their deliverance from the oppressors.

Therefore, the correct answer is: Option 1.

Additional Information

Here are the other options explained along with their Hindi meanings and example sentences:

• Banquet (भोज): A large formal meal for many people.
• Example: The royal banquet was held in honor of the visiting dignitaries.
• Condescend (अनुग्रह करना): Show feelings of superiority; be patronizing.
• Example: He would not condescend to answer the questions of the commoners.
• Alliteration (अनुप्रास): The occurrence of the same letter or sound at the beginning of adjacent or closely connected words.
• Example: "She sells sea shells by the sea shore" is an example of alliteration.

The correct answer is Option 1.

Key Points

• The primary issue in the sentence is the use of the word "fastly" instead of the correct adverb "fast."
• The word "fastly" is not a proper word in English. The correct adverb form of "fast" is simply "fast."
• The correct phrase should be "they ran fast," ensuring grammatical correctness and clarity.
• Thus, the error is located in part 1 of the sentence.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 1.

Correct Sentence: "Having known that the train was already on the platform, they ran fast to catch it."

The correct answer is Option 1.

Key Points

• The phrase "gave up" is incorrect in this context. "Gave up" means to quit or surrender, which does not fit the intended meaning of distributing prizes.
• The correct verb phrase should be "gave away" as it means to distribute something for free, which aligns with the meaning of awarding prizes.
• Thus, the error is located in part 1 of the sentence.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 1.

Correct Sentence: "The principal gave away the prizes to the winners on Republic Day."

Additional Information

• Option 2: "the winners on" – This part is grammatically correct and does not require any changes.
• Option 3: "the prizes to" – This phrase correctly follows the structure of the sentence.
• Option 4: "Republic Day" – This part correctly specifies the occasion and is grammatically sound.