AFCAT 16th Feb 2024 (Shift 1) Memory Based Paper. (Previous Year Paper)

The correct answer is Spain.

Key Points

• The C295 Airbus Company belongs to Spain.
• The aircraft is produced by Airbus Defence and Space, a division of Airbus.
• Airbus Defence and Space is headquartered in Seville, Spain.
• The C295 aircraft was handed over to the Indian Air Force (IAF) to replace its ageing Avros-748 fleet.

The correct answer is Shiv Shakti Point.

Key Points

• The landing site of Chandrayaan-3, the third lunar mission of the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO), is named Shiv Shakti Point.
• The mission's lander, Vikram, and rover, Pragyan, landed 600 km from the south pole of the Moon on 23 August 2023.
• The landing site was named on 26 August 2023 at the ISTRAC headquarters in Bengaluru.
• India became the fourth nation to make a successful soft landing on the Moon and the first country to land on the lunar south pole.
• Shiv Shakti Point is located at the coordinates 69.373°S 32.319°E and lies between the lunar craters Manzinus C and Simpelius N.

The correct answer is Light years.

Key Points

• The light-year is a unit of length used to express astronomical distances.
• One light-year is the distance traveled by light in a vacuum in one year.
• The unit most commonly used in professional astrometry is the parsec.
• 1 Parsec= 3.26 Light year
• Meters is the SI unit of Length.

The correct answer is Isoseismic Lines.

Key Points

• Isoseismic lines, also known as isoseismal lines, are lines drawn on a map to connect points of equal seismic intensity or shaking intensity resulting from an earthquake.
• Seismic intensity refers to the subjective assessment of the effects of an earthquake on the Earth's surface. It takes into account factors such as the magnitude of the earthquake, the distance from the epicentre, and the local geology.
• Following a significant earthquake, seismologists gather reports from people who experienced the shaking. These reports include descriptions of the intensity of shaking and its effects, such as damage to buildings and infrastructure.
• By analyzing these reports and compiling data from various locations, seismologists can create isoseismic maps, where lines of equal shaking intensity are drawn.
• The lines are typically labelled with Roman numerals or descriptive terms such as "light," "moderate," "strong," and "violent," indicating the level of ground shaking experienced in that area.
• Isoseismic maps help emergency responders, engineers, and policymakers understand the spatial distribution of shaking intensity, prioritize rescue and recovery efforts, assess damage, and improve building codes and construction practices in earthquake-prone regions.

The correct answer is Tenth Schedule.

Key Points

• The tenth schedule of the Indian constitution deals with the provisions relating to the disqualification of the members of parliament and state legislature on the ground of defection.
• Anti-defection law is given in the tenth schedule of the Indian Constitution.
• It was passed by the Lok Sabha on 30^th January 1985.
• It was passed by the Rajya Sabha on 31^st January 1985.
• Approved by the president on 15^th February 1985.
• The 52nd amendment of the Indian constitution added the tenth schedule to the Indian constitution.
• The 52nd amendment of the Indian constitution is popularly known as anti-defection law.
• The seventh schedule of the Indian constitution deals with the divisions of powers between the union and the states in terms of union list, state list, and concurrent list.
• The eighth schedule of the Indian constitution deals with the official languages recognised by the Indian constitution.
• The ninth schedule of the Indian constitution deals with the land reforms

The correct answer is Both 1 and 2

Key PointsOperation Zindagi and Silkyara Tunnel

• Operation Zindagi:
• Operation Zindagi was a massive rescue operation launched by the state government.
• The purpose of the operation was to save 41 workers who were trapped for 17 days in the Silkyara Bend-Barkot tunnel collapse.
• This incident emphasizes the critical importance of rapid response and coordination in rescue operations during construction-related emergencies.

Hence, statement 1 is correct.

• Silkyara Tunnel in Uttarakhand:
• The Silkyara tunnel is located in the state of Uttarakhand, India.
• The tunnel is part of the Silkyara Bend-Barkot project, connecting National Highway 134 in the Uttarkashi district of Uttarakhand.
• Uttarakhand, being a mountainous state, often engages in tunnel constructions to improve connectivity and reduce travel distances through challenging terrains.

Hence, statement 2 is correct.

Additional Information

• Geographical Challenges in Uttarakhand:
• Uttarakhand's hilly terrain makes infrastructure development, such as road and tunnel construction, particularly challenging.
• Natural disasters like landslides and tunnel collapses require continuous monitoring and improved safety protocols to prevent such incidents.
• Significance of Silkyara Bend-Barkot Project:
• This project aims to enhance connectivity in Uttarakhand, reducing travel time and providing better access to remote areas.
• Infrastructure projects in hilly regions are vital for economic development and improving the standard of living for local populations.
• Safety Measures in Construction Projects:
• Implementing advanced safety measures and regular training for workers can significantly reduce accidents in large infrastructure projects.
• Authorities must enforce strict adherence to safety guidelines and conduct frequent inspections to ensure compliance.

The correct  answer is Ahmednagar.

Key Points

• Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru, who was the first Prime Minister of India, wrote "The Discovery of India" during his imprisonment in 1942-1946 by the British in Ahmednagar fort in Maharashtra, India.
• The book is considered a classic in Indian literature and provides an insightful and in-depth study into the history of India from the Indus Valley Civilization to the time just before independence from British Rule.
• Rather than being a dry, disconnected history book, Nehru's "Discovery of India" is a personal, intimate journey through the ages, revealing the spirit of the country from a philosophical, social, economic and cultural perspective.
• Nehru, along with other leaders of the Indian National Congress, was arrested during the Quit India Movement in 1942. He was incarcerated at the Ahmednagar Fort where he spent most of his jail term until 1945.
• During this time, Nehru decided to pen down his thoughts and understanding of Indian history, its philosophies, religions, and culture, as well as its current political state of affairs.

The correct answer is Option 1. 

Key Points

• Devprayag - where Alaknanda and Bhagirathi rivers meet and take the name Ganga or Ganges River.
• Devprayag (Deva prayāga) is a town and a nagar panchayat (municipality) in Tehri Garhwal district in the state of Uttarakhand, India, and is the final one of the Panch Prayag (five confluences) of Alaknanda River where Alaknanda meets the Bhagirathi river and both rivers thereafter flow on as the Ganges river or Ganga.
• "Devprayag" means "Godly Confluence" in Sanskrit.
• As per Hindu scriptures, Devprayag is the sacred event of merging two visible heavenly rivers, Alakananda and Bhagirathi, to form the holy Ganga.
• Its believed that a third river, the mythical Saraswati river is underground and meets these two rivers at the confluence.
• On a terrace in the upper part of the village is the temple of Raghunathji, built of huge stones, pyramidal in form, and capped by a white cupola.

Additional Information

• The Panch Prayag destinations follow the route created by the Alaknanda river, emerging from Himalaya's Satopanth glacier.
• First, Alaknanda meets Dhauliganga river at Vishnuprayag; move on to Nandaprayag to meet Nandakini river then travels to Karnaprayag to join Pindar river.
• The River Alaknanda rises at the confluence and is fed of Satopath and Bhagirathi Kharak glacier in Uttarakhand and meets the Sarasvati River tributary at Mana, India, 21 km from Tibet.
• Three km below Mana the Alaknanda flows past the Hindu pilgrimage center of Badrinath.

Vajra Prahar is an Indo-US Special Forces joint training exercise conducted alternately in India and the US. Though the exercise began in 2010, there was a gap of three years between 2012 and 2015. The aim of the exercise is to promote military relations between the two countries by enhancing interoperability and mutual exchange of tactics between Special Forces.

The correct answer is Jaya Varma Sinha.

In News

• The Appointments Committee of the Cabinet has approved the appointment of Jaya Varma Sinha as the Chairman and CEO of the Railway Board.
• Sinha will succeed Anil Kumar Lahoti, taking office on September 1, 2023.

Key Points

• She makes history as the first woman Chairman of the Railway Board.
• Sinha, a 1988 batch Indian Railway Traffic Service official, is currently serving as Member (Operations & Business Development) of the Railway Board.
• Her appointment comes at a significant time when the Indian Railways has received a record budgetary allocation from the central government.
• In the Union Budget 2023-24, the Indian Railways received a capital outlay of Rs 2.4 lakh crore, marking the highest ever allocation to the national transporter and a continued trend from the previous year.

The correct answer is Indonesia.

Key Points 

• Indonesia is not a member of SAARC.
• SAARC stands for South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation.
• Its members are Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, the Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka.
• The SAARC was founded in Dhaka on 8 December 1985.

Trick: MBBS PAIN

M - Maldives, B - Bhutan, B - Bangladesh, S - Sri Lanka, P - Pakistan, A - Afghanistan, I - India , N - Nepal

Important Points

About SAARC:

• Headquarters - Kathmandu.
• Official Language - English.
• Founded by - Abul Ahsan (Bangladeshi Diplomat)

Additional Information

• Importance of SAARC:
• SAARC comprises 3% of the world’s area, 21% of the world’s population and 3.8% (US$2.9 trillion) of the global economy.
• It is the world’s most densely populated region and one of the most fertile areas.
• SAARC countries have common tradition, dress, food and culture and political aspects thereby synergizing their actions.
• All the SAARC countries have common problems and issues like poverty, illiteracy, malnutrition, natural disasters, internal conflicts, industrial and technological backwardness, low GDP and poor socio-economic condition.

The correct answer is Golf.

Key Points

• The Japan Challenge Tour is related to the sport of golf.
• It is a series of developmental golf tournaments organized by the Japan Golf Tour Organization.
• The tour has been in operation since 1985.
• In 2023, the schedule featured 12 tournaments, with prize funds typically around ¥15,000,000 per event.
• The prize money offered on the Japan Challenge Tour is approximately one-tenth of the level of prize money per event on the main Japan Golf Tour, which also has a longer season.
• In January 2018, the tour signed a sponsor title agreement with AbemaTV, leading to its renaming as the AbemaTV Tour from the 2018 season onwards.

• The Harappan site Ropar was situated on the banks of Sutlej river.
• The Sutlej River is also known as Satadree river.
• The town of Rupnagar was earlier known as Ropar.
• The town is founded by a Raja Rokeshar, who ruled during the 11th century.
• It is located near the Chandigarh district of Haryana.

The correct answer is Newton’s third law of motion.

Key Points

• When a ball drops on the floor it bounces.
• This is according to Newton’s third law of motion.

Additional Information

• Newton's third law implies that for every action there is a reaction.
• When a ball drops on to the floor it bounces because
• As Newton's third law implies that for every action there is a reaction.

Mistake Points

• The elasticity of the object/ball just gives the extra bounce, but the actual reason behind the bounce is the existence of 2 equal and opposite forces (Newton's third law).

The correct answer is Dholera.

Key Points

• Prime Minister Narendra Modi chaired Cabinet Committee on Economic Affairs has approved the proposal for the development of Phase I of New Greenfield Airport at Dholera in the state of Gujarat.
• The New Greenfield Airport at Dholera will be developed at an estimated cost of Rs 1,305 crore and it will be completed within a period of 48 months.
• According to the Cabinet Committee on Economic Affairs (CCEA), New Greenfield Dholera Airport project is being implemented by Dholera International Airport Company Limited (DIACL).

Additional Information

• The DIACL is a Joint Venture Company consisting of the Airports Authority of India, the State Government of Gujarat as well as National Industrial Corridor Development and Implementation Trust, holding equity in the ratio of 51:33:16.
• According to CCEA, the Dholera Airport in Gujarat is to get both, passenger as well as cargo traffic from Dholera Special Investment Region (DSIR).
• The Dholera Airport, according to the CCEA, will also cater to the nearby region as well as serve as a second airport to the city of Ahmedabad.
• The New Greenfield Dholera Airport is located at an aerial distance of 80 Kilometre from the Ahmedabad Airport.
• The Dholera Airport is planned for operationalization from the year 2025-26 and the initially estimated passenger traffic is 3 lakh passengers per annum.

The correct answer is Akbar.

Important Points

Akbar:

• During Akbar’s reign, they created an illustrated manuscript called Tutinama (Tale of a parrot).
• Akbar also set up an entire department devoted to the paintings and scribing of his documents.
• Akbar established a proper artistic studio called Tasvir Khana. So, option 1 is correct.
• Jaswant, Basawan, and Kesu were the patronized painter during Akbar's reign.

Additional Information

Humayun:

• Humayun who was a great patron of arts came to the throne at a young age.
• He was interested in paintings and building beautiful monuments
• He acquired the services of two main painters called Abdus Samad and Mir Sayyid Ali.

Jahangir:

• The Mughal paintings reached its zenith in the period of Jahangir.
• He was a naturalist by nature and preferred the paintings of flora and fauna, i.e. birds, animals, trees, and flowers.
• He emphasized bringing naturalism to portrait painting.
• One of the most famous artists from his period was Ustad Mansoor.
• An animal fable called Ayar-i-Danish (Touchstone of Knowledge) was illustrated during his reign.

Shahjahan:

• The tenor of the Mughal paintings changed rapidly in the period of Shah Jahan.
• Shahjahan liked to create artificial elements in the paintings.
• It is said that he tried to reduce the liveliness of the paintings and bring in unnatural stillness as he was inspired by the European influence.
• He also ordered to increase the use of gold and silver in the paintings.

Mughals:

• The Mughals were descendants of two great lineages of rulers.
• From their mother’s side, they were descendants of Genghis Khan (died 1227), the Mongol ruler who ruled over parts of China and Central Asia.
• From their father’s side, they were the successors of Timur (died 1404), the ruler of Iran, Iraq and modern-day Turkey.
• However, the Mughals did not like to be called Mughal or Mongol. This was because Genghis Khan’s memory was associated with the massacre of innumerable people.
• It was also linked with the Uzbeks, their Mongol competitors.
• On the other hand, the Mughals were proud of their Timurid ancestry, not least of all because their great ancestor had captured Delhi in 1398.

The correct answer is INS Vagir.

In News

• India Navy will commission the Kalvari class submarine Vagir on 23 January 2023.

Key Points

• The submarine has been built under Project-75.
• It is built in India by Mazagon Dock Shipbuilders Limited, Mumbai in collaboration with Naval Group, France.
• It is capable of attacking underwater or on the surface with torpedoes and tube-launched anti-ship missiles.
• Four of the Kalvari class of submarines have already been commissioned into the Indian Navy.
• INS Vagir undertook her maiden sea sortie in February 2021, marking the commencement of sea trials, and has gone through a series of comprehensive acceptance checks and stringent and demanding sea trials.
• The submarine was delivered to the Indian Navy by the MDL on December 20.

Additional Information

• Project 75 intends to build 6 diesel-electric attack submarines of the Kalvari class that is based on the Scorpene class.
• They are being built at Mazagon Dock Shipbuilders Limited (MDL) Mumbai in collaboration with M/s Naval Group, France.
• 6 submarines :
• Commissioned: INS Kalvari ,INS Khanderi, INS Karanj, INS Vela, and INS Vagir**.**
• Yet to be commissioned- INS Vagsheer

The correct answer is Westland Wapiti.

Key Points

• The first aircraft inducted by the Indian Air Force in 1932 was the Westland Wapiti.
• The Westland Wapiti was a British two-seat general-purpose military single-engine biplane.
• It served as the primary aircraft of the Indian Air Force during its initial years.
• The aircraft was used for various purposes including reconnaissance, bombing, and troop transport.
• The induction of the Westland Wapiti marked the beginning of the Indian Air Force's journey as an independent air arm.

Option 4 is correct i.e. ​Dhruvastra.

Key Points

• Dhruvastra ATGM stands for "Dhruvastra Anti-Tank Guided Missile."
• It is an anti-tank guided missile developed by the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) of India.
• Dhruvastra is designed to be launched from helicopters and ground-based platforms.
• The missile is equipped with state-of-the-art guidance systems to accurately engage and destroy enemy tanks and armoured vehicles.
• It features fire-and-forget and top-attack capabilities, enhancing its effectiveness against armoured targets.
• Dhruvastra is part of India's efforts to indigenously develop advanced defense technologies to strengthen its armed forces.
• The development of Dhruvastra contributes to India's goal of achieving self-reliance in defense manufacturing and reducing dependence on imported weapon systems.

The correct answer is W. C Roentgen.

Key Points

• Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen discovered X-Rays in 1895.
• He discovered this while working with a cathode-ray tube in his laboratory.
• X-Ray is an electromagnetic wave of high energy and very short wavelength, which is able to pass through many materials opaque to light.
• The frequency of X-Rays is 1016 to 1019 Hz.
• X-rays are used to detect cracks in bones, in medicine and industries and also for security purposes.
• Soft and Hard X-rays
• X-rays are usually described by their maximum energy, which is determined by the voltage between the electrodes.
• X-rays with high photon energies (above 5–10 keV) are called hard X-rays.
• Due to their penetrating ability, hard X-rays are widely used to image the inside of visually opaque objects.
• Those with lower energy (and longer wavelength) are called soft X-rays.

Additional Information

• Electron:
• Electron was discovered by JJ Thomson in the 19th century while studying the properties of cathode rays.
• Later on, he gave the plum pudding model of the atom.
• Electrons are negatively charged particles that revolve around the nucleus in orbits.
• Protons:
• Protons were discovered by Ernest Rutherford in 1917 during his gold foil experiment.
• According to him, the protons are concentrated in the centre of the atom and electrons revolve around that.
• Protons are positively charged particles, present in the nucleus of an atom.

The correct answer is One Earth One Family One Future.

Key PointsG20 Summit 2023:

• India will host the 2023 G20 summit for the first time in its history.
• G20 or Group of Twenty is an intergovernmental forum comprising 19 countries Argentina, Australia, Brazil, Canada, China, France, Germany, India, Indonesia, Italy, Japan, the Republic of Korea, Mexico, Russia, Saudi Arabia, South Africa, Turkey, United Kingdom and the United States and the European Union.
• The G20 was founded in 1999 after the Asian financial crisis as a forum for Finance Ministers and Central Bank Governors to discuss global economic and financial issues.
• The G20 Summit is held annually, under the leadership of a rotating Presidency.
• The theme of India’s G20 Presidency - “Vasudhaiva Kutumbakam” or “One Earth · One Family · One Future” - is drawn from the ancient Sanskrit text of the Maha Upanishad.
• Bangladesh, Egypt, Mauritius, Netherlands, Nigeria, Oman, Singapore, Spain and UAE are countries invited as a special guests in the 2023 summit.
• India has also invited various important organisations like the UN, IMF, World Bank, WHO, WTO, etc.
• The G20 members represent around 85% of the global GDP, over 75% of the global trade, and about two-thirds of the world population. ​

Additional Information

• The theme of World Wetlands Day 2023 is “It’s Time for Wetlands Restoration,” which highlights the urgent need to prioritize wetland restoration.

The correct answer is Bengaluru.

Key Points

• The headquarter of the Indian Space Research Organisation is situated in Bengaluru.
• It operates under the Department of Space (DOS) which is directly overseen by the Prime Minister of India, while the Chairman of ISRO acts as the executive of DOS as well.
• It is one of six government space agencies in the world that possess full launch capabilities, deploy cryogenic engines, launch extraterrestrial missions and operate large fleets of artificial satellites.

Important Points

• ISRO was founded in 1969.
• The Chairman of ISRO is Dr. V. Narayanan​.
• Vikram Sarabhai is known as the Father of the Indian Space program.

Additional Information

• INCOSPAR is the preceding space agency of ISRO.
• The Primary spaceports of ISRO are:
• Satish Dhawan Space Centre (SDSC/SHAR)
• Thumba Equatorial Rocket Launching Station (TERLS)
• Kulasekharapatnam

The Brahmo Samaj was founded by Raja Rammohan Roy.

Key Points

• It was founded in Calcutta in 1828 by Ram Mohan Roy as Brahmo Sabha.
• The Brahmo Samaj was a monotheistic sect of Hinduism
• The samaj was dedicated to the "worship and adoration of the Eternal, the Unsearchable, the Immutable Being, who is the Author and Preserver of the Universe".
• The Samaj was open to all without distinction of color, creed, caste, nation, or religion.
• It denounced polytheism, image worship, and the caste system.
• It also discarded meaningless Hindu rituals.
• Raja Rammohun Roy is also called the father of the Indian renaissance.

The Correct Answer is Option 1 i.e Cricket.

Key Points

• Cricket:
• Fine leg: It is a fielding position behind the wicket-keeper towards the boundary.
• Midwicket: This is positioned on the leg side, between square leg and mid-on.
• Gully: It is a part of the cricket field where one of the slip fielders stands. It is located on the offside just behind the square of the wicket.
• Football: Attacker, Back Heel, and Back Pass are the few terms associated with Football.
• Hockey: Bar Down, Bender, Boarding are the few terms associated with Hockey.
• Volleyball: ACE, ASSIST, ATTACK BLOCK are the few terms associated with Volleyball.

The correct answer is option 1, i.e. India.

 Key Points

• The world's longest station platform is at Hubballi Junction in India at 1,400 meters (4,600 ft).
• Gorakhpur Junction railway station has become the world's second longest railway platform with a total length of 1,366.33 m (4,483 ft).

Given:

Ratio of the two number = 1 ∶ 2

Calculation:

Let the two number be x and 2x

Now, A/Q

(x + 7)/(2x + 7) = 3/5

⇒ 5(x + 7) = 3(2x + 7)

⇒ 5x + 35 = 6x + 21

⇒ 6x – 5x = 35 – 21

⇒ x = 14

The two numbers are 14 and 28

∴ The greater number is 28

As we know,

Area of circle = πr² and circumference of circle = 2 πr

Area of disc = 0.64 π m²

⇒ πr² = 0.64 π

⇒ r = √0.64

⇒ r = 0.8 m

Circumference of disc = 2 × 22/7 × 0.8 = 35.2/7 m

And, 1.408 km = 1408 m

Number of revolutions disc makes = 1408/(35.2/7) = (1408 × 7)/35.2 = 280

Shortcut Trick

Speed in m/s = 36 × 5/18 = 10 m/s.

Length of Train = Speed × Time = 10 × 25 = 250 m.

Total Distance to cross bridge = Train length + Bridge length = 250 + 250 = 500 m.

Required Time = Total Distance ÷ Speed = 500 ÷ 10 = 50 seconds.

∴ The correct answer is 50 seconds.

Alternate Method

Given:

Speed of train = 36 km/h

Time to cross pole (t₁) = 25 seconds

Length of bridge (L_b) = 250 m

Formula Used:

Speed (m/s) = Speed (km/h) × 5/18

Distance = Speed × Time

Calculations:

⇒ Speed of train = 36 × (5/18) = 10 m/s

⇒ Length of train (L_t) = Speed × Time to cross pole

⇒ L_t = 10 × 25 = 250 m

⇒ Total distance to cross bridge = L_t + L_b

⇒ Total distance = 250 + 250 = 500 m

⇒ Time to cross bridge = Total distance ÷ Speed

⇒ Time = 500 ÷ 10 = 50 seconds

∴ The correct answer is 50 seconds.

Additional Information

Unit Conversion

To convert km/h to m/s, multiply by 5/18. To convert m/s to km/h, multiply by 18/5.

Relative Speed

When two objects move in the same direction, relative speed = S₁ − S₂. In opposite directions, relative speed = S₁ + S₂.

Crossing Stationary Objects

Total distance = Length of train + Length of object (If object is a point like a pole or man, its length is taken as 0).

The hour hand and minute hand of a clock together means the angle between angle and minute hand will be 0°.

Lower value of time (H) = 2 and Angle (θ) = 0° (As**,** hands of a clock will be together)

By formula,

Time = H : (H × 5 ± θ ÷ 60) × $\frac {12}{11}$

2 : (2 × 5 ± 0 ÷ 60) × $\frac {12}{11}$

= 2 : (10 ± 0) × $\frac {12}{11}$

= 2 : 10 × $\frac {12}{11}$ or 2 : (10) × $\frac {12}{11}$ {Both the values will be same as θ = 0°}

= 2 : $\frac {120}{11}$

= 2 : 10$\frac {10}{11}$

Hence, ‘$10 \frac {10}{11}$ min. past 2 is the correct answer.

Given:

The length of the park is 60 m

The breadth of the park is 40 m

The area of the lawn is 2109 m²

Formula used:

Area of a Rectangle = length × breadth

Calculation:

Let the width of the park is x m

The area of the park is

⇒ 60 × 40 = 2400 m²

The area of the road is

⇒ 60 × x + 40 × x - x² = 2400 - 2109

⇒ 60x + 40x - x² = 291

⇒ x² - 100x + 291 = 0

⇒ x² - 97x - 3x + 291 = 0

⇒ x(x - 97) - 3(x - 97) = 0

⇒ (x - 3)(x - 97) = 0

⇒ x = 3, 97

Since the width of the road cannot be larger than the length and the breadth

∴ The width of the road is 3 metre.

Given Data:

Length of train = 90 m

Length of platform = 210 m

Time taken = 20 sec

Concept: Speed = Distance / Time

Calculation:

Distance = Length of train + Length of platform

⇒ 90 + 210 = 300 m

Speed = Distance / Time

⇒ Speed = 300 / 20 = 15 m/sec

Convert this to km/hr by multiplying by 18/5

⇒ Speed = 15 × 18/5 = 54 km/hr

Hence, the speed of the train is 54 km/hr.

Calculation:

Given, P = 3300, SI = 1980 and T = 5 years

⇒ SI = (p × r × t)/100

⇒ 1980 = (3300 × 5 × r)/100

∴ r = 12%

Total work = 72

Work done by pipe A, B and C in 7 min = (6 + 4 + 3) × 7 = 91

Volume of the water that overflows = 91 – 72 = 19

Required percentage = (19/72) × 100 = $26\frac{7}{{18}}\%$

CONCEPT:

• If P(A) = x then P(A̅) = 1 - x
• If A and B are two independent events then P(A ∩ B) = P(A) × P(B)

CALCULATION:

Given: A and B appear for an interview for two posts such that the probability of A's selection is $\frac 13$ and that of B's selection is $\frac 25$.

Let E = event that A is selected

Let F = event that B is selected

⇒ P(E) = $\frac 13$ and P(F) = $\frac 25$

As we know that, if P(A) = x then P(A̅) = 1 - x 

⇒ P(E̅) = 1 - ($\frac 13$) = $\frac 23$ and P(F̅) = 1 - ($\frac 25$) = $\frac 35$

∴ P(event that one of them is selected) = P(E ∩ F̅) + P(E̅ ∩ F)

First let's find out P(E ∩ F̅) and P(E̅ ∩ F)

As we know that, if A and B are two independent events then P(A ∩ B) = P(A) × P(B)

⇒ P(E ∩ F̅) = P(E) × P(F̅) = ($\frac 13$) × ($\frac 35$) = $\frac 15$

⇒ P(E̅ ∩ F) = P(E̅) × P(F) = ($\frac 23$) × ($\frac 25$) = $\frac {4}{15}$

⇒ P(event that one of them is selected) = ($\frac 15$) + ($\frac {4}{15}$) = $\frac {7}{15}$

Hence, the correct option is 2.

Find the value of x:

$\sqrt{529} \div 23+\sqrt{576}=1 \times x$

Given:

$\sqrt{529} \div 23 + \sqrt{576} = 1 \times x$

Formula used:

Simplify the equation step by step.

Calculation:

$\sqrt{529} \div 23 + \sqrt{576} = 1 \times x$

⇒ $\dfrac{\sqrt{529}}{23} + \sqrt{576} = x$

⇒ $\dfrac{23}{23} + 24 = x$

⇒ 1 + 24 = x

⇒ x = 25

∴ The correct answer is 25.

Given:

A retailer bought 250 kg of a cereal

Formula Used:

Profit % = Profit/CP × 100

Calculation:

Let the cost price of 250 kg of cereal is Rs. 250

The cost price of 1 kg of cereal is Rs. 1

And the cost price of 160 kg of cereal is Rs. 160

According to the question,

He sold at a profit of Rs. 160

Profit percentage = Profit/CP × 100

Profit percentage = 160/250 × 100 = 64%

∴ His profit percentage is 64%

Given:- 

5 litres of honey contains 80% sugar.

Detailed Solution:-

Sugar in 5 litre honey = 80% of 5 = 4 litres

New quantity of honey = 5 + 3 = 8 litres

∴ Required % = {(8 – 4)/8} × 100 = 50%

Topper's approach∶

Required income = 4800 ÷ (0.12 × 0.8) × 100 × 0.27 = 13500

Detailed solution∶

Let monthly income be E

According to question

E × 12% × 80% = 4800

⇒ E × (12/100) × (80/100) = 4800

⇒ E = 50000

∴ Monthly income of Sudha = 50000

∴ 27% of monthly income = 50000 × 27% = 50000 × 27/100 = 13500 rupees

Given,

Speed of boat in still water = 9 km/hr

Formula:

Speed = distance/time

Upstream speed = Speed of boat – speed of current

Downstream speed = speed of boat + speed of boat

Calculation:

Let speed of current be x km/hr

Time taken to cover downstream x km distance in t hrs, then

Upstream speed = (9 – x) km/hr

Downstream speed = (9 + x) km/hr

According to the question,

Distance = (9 + x) × t     ----(1)

Distance = (9 – x) × 3t     ----(2)

From equation (1) and equation (2)

(9 + x) × t = (9 – x) × 3t

⇒ 9 + x = 27 – 3x

⇒ 3x + x = 27 – 9

⇒ 4x = 18

⇒ x = 18/4

⇒ x = $4\frac{1}{2}$ km/hr

∴ Speed of current is $4\frac{1}{2}$ km/hr.

Shortcut Trick

Present average of Husband, Wife, and Child = 26 + 3 = 29 years

Present total age of Husband, Wife, and Child = 29 × 3 = 87 years

Present average of Wife and Child = 20 + 5 = 25 years

Present total age of Wife and Child = 25 × 2 = 50 years

Present age of Husband = 87 − 50 = 37 years

∴ The correct answer is 37 years.

Alternate Method

Given:

Average age of Husband (H), Wife (W), and Child (C) 3 years ago = 26 years

Average age of Wife (W) and Child (C) 5 years ago = 20 years

Formula: Total Age = Average Age × Number of Persons

⇒ Total age of (H + W + C) 3 years ago = 26 × 3 = 78 years ⇒ Present total age of (H + W + C) = 78 + (3 persons × 3 years) = 78 + 9 = 87 years ⇒ Total age of (W + C) 5 years ago = 20 × 2 = 40 years ⇒ Present total age of (W + C) = 40 + (2 persons × 5 years) = 40 + 10 = 50 years ⇒ Present age of Husband = (Present total of H, W, C) − (Present total of W, C) ⇒ Present age of Husband = 87 − 50 = 37 years

∴ The correct answer is 37 years.

Additional Information

Effect of Time on Average Age

If the present average age of a group of n people is A, then after k years, their average age will be A + k, and k years ago, it was A − k.

Sum of Ages

The total sum of ages of n people increases by n × k after k years, as each individual's age increases by k.

Finding Age of a New Member

Age of new member = (New Average × New Strength) − (Old Average × Old Strength).

Given:

We need to find the smallest 6-digit number that is exactly divisible by both 1980 and 2970.

Formula Used:

To find the smallest number exactly divisible by both numbers, we need to find the Least Common Multiple (LCM) of the two numbers.

Calculation:

Prime factorization of 1980:

1980 = 2² × 3² × 5 × 11

Prime factorization of 2970:

2970 = 2 × 3³ × 5 × 11

LCM is found by taking the highest power of each prime factor:

LCM(1980, 2970) = 2² × 3³ × 5 × 11

Calculating the LCM:

LCM = 4 × 27 × 5 × 11

LCM = 5940

Now, find the smallest 6-digit number divisible by 5940:

Smallest 6-digit number = 100000

Divide 100000 by LCM (5940) and round up to the nearest whole number:

100000 / 5940 ≈ 16.835

Next whole number = 17

Multiply the LCM by 17:

Smallest 6-digit number = 5940 × 17 = 100980

The smallest 6-digit number that is exactly divisible by both 1980 and 2970 is 100980.

Formula Used:

SI = (P × R × T) / 100

A = P + SI

Calculation:

First, find the principal amount (P).

⇒ SI at 5% for 4 years is A - P = 1008 - P

⇒ (P × 5 × 4) / 100 = 1008 - P

⇒ (P × 20) / 100 = 1008 - P

⇒ 0.2P = 1008 - P

⇒ 0.2P + P = 1008

⇒ 1.2P = 1008

⇒ P = 1008 / 1.2

⇒ P = 840

Now, find the amount when the same principal is invested at 10% for 2.5 years.

⇒ SI = (P × R × T) / 100

⇒ SI = (840 × 10 × 2.5) / 100

⇒ SI = (840 × 25) / 100

⇒ SI = 210

⇒ A = P + SI

⇒ A = 840 + 210

⇒ A = 1050

∴ The amount grows to Rs. 1050 when invested at 10% for 2.5 years.

The correct answer is Ramesh likes to praise his own abilities and achievements.

Key Points

• Blow his own trumpet means to talk boastfully about one's achievements.
• It is an idiom which describes to tell everyone proudly about your achievements.
• An idiom is a word, group of words or phrase that has a figurative meaning that is not easily deduced from its literal meaning.

Thus Ramesh likes to praise his own abilities and achievements is the correct answer.

The correct answer is 'Fretful'.

Key Points

• The given word 'Waspish ' means Easily irritated or annoyed.(आसानी से चिढ़ या नाराज़।)
• Example: He had a waspish tongue which could hurt anyone's sensitivity.
• Marked option 'fretful' means behaving in a way that shows you are worried, irritated or uncomfortable.(इस प्रकार आचरण करना जिससे चिंता, नाराज़गी या बेचैनी प्रदर्शित हो; चिंतित; चिड़चिड़ा; शिकायती)
• Therefore, fretful and waspish are synonyms of each other.

Hence, the correct answer is option 4.​

Additional Information

• Contented is happy or satisfied.(प्रसन्‍न या संतुष्‍ट)
• Subservient is too ready to obey other people.(अत्‍यधिक आज्ञाकारी; जी-हज़ूरिया, ताबेदार)

Explanation

The correct answer is option 4 i.e. curse.

• Anathema means a strong curse or something or someone that one bitterly dislikes. It is a noun.
• In other terms it would refer to something like a ban or curse.
• In its other main usage, it is a formal excommunication.
• An example of the same is: The epidemic which killed dozens of small children was an anathema to the residents of the town.
  

Therefore 'curse' is nearest to the word 'anathema'

Additional Information

The other options are not as closely related to the meaning of "anathema".

• Religious chant: a repetitive song or prayer used in religious ceremonies.
• Pun: a play on words, especially one that is humorous.
• Musical subject: a melody or theme that is used in a piece of music.

The correct answer is 'pallid.'

Key Points  

• Let us see the meaning of Wan:
• Wan: looking pale and ill or tired. ((व्‍यकि्त) पीला पड़ा हुआ और बीमार या थका हुआ)
• Example: All she could manage was a thin, wan smile.​
• Let us see the meanings of the given options:
• Agile: able to move quickly and easily. (फुरतीला, चपल)
• Blooming: having blooms unfolding : flowering. (खिलना)
• Flushed: with a hot red face. (गरम लाल चेहरे वाला)
• Pallid: (used about a person or his/her face) light in colour, especially because of illness. ((किसी व्‍यकि्त या उसके चेहरे के लिए प्रयुक्त) पीला, विशेषतः किसी बीमारी के कारण)
• From the meanings of the given words, we can say that the correct word similar in meaning to the highlighted word in the given sentence is 'Pallid.'
• Hence, the correct answer is Option 4.

The correct answer is Option (2) i.e. “under the weather”

Key Points

• Unwell: means poor health.
• Under the Weather: Feeling unwell or in poor health. (अस्वस्थ या खराब स्वास्थ्य महसूस करना)
• Hence, “under the weather” is the most appropriate idiom that can substitute the underlined segment in the given sentence.

Therefore, the complete sentence is ***“*I don't feel like hanging out today. I'm feeling a bit under the weather.”

Additional Information

• Under the Coat: Hidden or secret, not openly acknowledged. (छिपा हुआ या गुप्त, खुले तौर पर स्वीकार नहीं किया गया)
• Over the Moon: Extremely happy or delighted. (अत्यधिक प्रसन्न या प्रसन्न होना)
• Near the Horizon: Imminent or likely to happen soon. (आसन्न या जल्द ही घटित होने की संभावना)

The correct answer is 'Option 2'

Key Points

• The error in the sentence lies in the use of 'too' instead of 'to'.
• 'Too’ is an adverb that can mean “excessively” or “also.”
• 'To' is a preposition used to express motion in the direction of (a particular location).

So, the correct sentence should be: "Neither I nor my friends are going to walk down that street.

The correct answer is "Incorrigible".

Key Points

• The best choice from the options provided in the context of "That which cannot be corrected" is Incorrigible.
• Let us understand each term:
• Unintelligible: Something that is unintelligible is difficult or impossible to understand. While it might need correction, it doesn't strictly imply that it cannot be corrected.
• Indelible: Indelible typically refers to something that cannot be removed, erased, or washed away, such as ink. This term might be used metaphorically to describe a memory or impact that can't be forgotten. However, the primary usage of the term doesn't supply the sense of correction, in terms of behavior or characteristics.
• Illegible: Illegible refers to text or handwriting that is hard to read or decipher. With time and effort, illegible handwriting could potentially be rewrote or typed into a legible format. Thus, while it's challenging, it's not inherently uncorrectable.
• Incorrigible: Incorrigible directly means incapable of being corrected or reformed. It's often used to describe a person who is firmly fixed in a habit or negative trait that they seem incapable of changing. Therefore, this term fits the description of "That which cannot be corrected" most accurately amongst these options.

Therefore, the correct answer is "Option 4".

The correct answer is 'ubiquitous'.

Key Points

• The word 'Omnipresent' means "present everywhere at the same time". (सभी जगह मौजूद; सर्वव्यापी)
• The synonyms of the word 'Omnipresent' are "ubiquitous, infinite, pervasive, everywhere, pervading, universal, ubiquitary, boundless, endless, unlimited,  horizonless ,  measureless, unbounded, etc.".
• From the synonym of the given word, we can say that the word 'ubiquitous' is the most similar in meaning.
• The word 'ubiquitous' means 'seeming to be everywhere or in several places at the same time; very common'. (एक ही समय में हर जगह या कई जगहों पर प्रतीत होना; बहुत ही आम)

Hence, the correct answer is Option 1. Let's see the meaning of other given options:-

Additional Information 

• The antonyms of the word 'Omnipresent' are "bounded, circumscribed, limited, opulence, narrow, restricted,  finite, confined".
• Example of 'Dearth' in a sentence:
• The singer became an omnipresent icon of style and beauty.

The correct answer is 'Option 1'.

Key Points

• The segment of the sentence that contains a grammatical error is "was one of those thing you never".
• In the phrase "one of those things", the word "things" should be plural because "one of" is referring to any one member of a group or category.
• The group or category (in this case, "things") is always plural in this construction.

Therefore, the correct sentence should be: "We talked about writing a will, but it was one of those things you never get around to doing."

The correct answer is "Biology"

Key Points

Let's understand the given words.

• Biology is the study of living organisms and their interactions with each other and their environment.
• NOTE: The term "biology" is derived from two Greek roots: "bios" and "logos." "Bios" means "life" in Greek.
• It refers to the concept of living organisms and the characteristics, processes, and phenomena associated with life.
• "Logos" translates to "study" or "science" in Greek. It is often used to indicate a field of knowledge or study.

Additional Information

• Zoology is a branch of biology that focuses on the study of animals, including their behavior, physiology, evolution, and ecology.
• Epistemology is the branch of philosophy concerned with knowledge, including its nature, origin, and limits.
• Ecology is the branch of biology that studies the interactions between living organisms and their environment, including the physical, chemical, and biological factors that affect them.
• Thus, the correct answer is "Biology"

The idiom “Achilles heel” is used to refer to the weakness that a usually strong person unexpectedly possesses.

Therefore, the correct answer is option 1.

The correct answer is "Conviction."

 Key Points

• "Suspicion" means a feeling of doubt or mistrust towards someone or something. (संदेह, शक (यह भावना या धारणा कि दाल में कुछ काला है))
• Example: She was arrested on suspicion of murder.
• "Conviction" means a strong belief or opinion about something. (न्‍यायालय द्वारा अपराधी ठहराए जाने की क्रिया; दोषसिद्धि)
• Example: He has several previous convictions for burglary.
• Conviction is the opposite of suspicion as it is a positive belief, while suspicion is a negative doubt.
• The correct answer is Option 3.
  

Additional Information 

• Niggle: a small doubt or worry. (एक छोटा सा संदेह या चिंता)
• Tremor: a slight shaking movement. (हलका कंपन)
• Incertitude: a state of uncertainty or hesitation. (अनिश्चितता या झिझक की स्थिति)

The correct answer is "Uninterested."

Key Points

• "Curious" means wanting to know or learn something. (कुछ जानने या सीखने का इच्‍छुक; उत्‍सुक, जिज्ञासु)
• Example: He was curious to know how the machine worked.
• Therefore, the word that is opposite in meaning to the given word is "Uninterested."
• "Uninterested" means having or showing no feeling of interest; indifferent. (रुचि की भावना न होना या प्रदर्शित होना; उदासीन)
• Example: He's completely uninterested in sports.
• Hence, option 2 is the correct answer.
  

Additional Information    

• Passionate: showing or caused by very strong feelings. (भावावेशपूर्ण)
• Complex: made up of several connected parts and often difficult to understand; complicated. (अनेक परस्‍पर संबद्घ अंशों से निर्मित और प्रायः दुर्बोध; पेचीदा; जटिल)
• Doubtful: unlikely or uncertain. (संदिग्‍ध या अनिश्चित)

The correct answer is "A misfortune that unexpectedly turns into good fortune."

Key Points 

• The phrase "a blessing in disguise" refers to a situation that seems to be unfortunate or negative at first but eventually turns out to have positive or beneficial aspects that may not have been immediately apparent. (ऐसी स्थिति जो पहले तो दुर्भाग्यपूर्ण या नकारात्मक प्रतीत होती है लेकिन अंततः उसके सकारात्मक या लाभकारी पहलू सामने आते हैं जो शायद तुरंत स्पष्ट नहीं होते)
• In other words, it suggests that something initially perceived as a setback or misfortune ultimately leads to unexpected advantages or positive outcomes.
• It emphasizes the idea that sometimes challenges or difficulties can bring about hidden opportunities or silver linings.
• Example: Losing my job turned out to be a blessing in disguise, as it led me to discover a more fulfilling career path.
• The correct answer is Option 3.

The correct answer is "Positon."

Key Points

• Among the given options, the word in option 1 is incorrectly spelled.
• The correct spelling of the word is "position".
• The incorrect spelling "positon" is missing the letter "i".
• The word "position" refers to a particular place or location.(स्थिति)
• ​Example: You are in a strong position to ask for a raise.

Hence, the correct answer is option 1.

Additional Information

• Option 2 (Source) is correctly spelled and means a place or thing from which something comes or is obtained.(स्रोत)
• Option 3 (Serious) is correctly spelled and means something that is important or significant.(गंभीर)
• Option 4 (Continue) is correctly spelled and means to keep doing something without stopping.(जारी रखना)

The correct answer is "Racket : Badminton"

Key Points

• In the given question we have to find an option that is similar to the given question.
• As the "Bat" is used to shoot a ball in "Cricket", in the same way, the "Racket" is used to shoot a cock in "Badminton".
• Thus, the correct answer is "Racket : Badminton"

Correct answer: Racket : Badminton

The correct answer is (C, A, D, B).

 Key Points

• The sentence should start with the subject, which is "he" in this case.
• So, the first part is C.
• The next part should be the verb + preposition, which is "complains about all his."
• So, the next part is A.
• Then, we need to add the object, which is "about all his neighbours and the noise they make."
• So, the next pair must be DB.
• The correct answer is option 2.
  

Correct sentence: H**e constantly complains about all his neighbours and the noise they make.

Additional Information

• Option 1 (B, A, D, C) is incorrect because it starts with the object instead of the subject.
• Option 3 (B, D, A, C) is incorrect because it starts with the object and also places the subject after the object.
• Option 4 (D, B, C, A) is incorrect because it starts with the object and places the subject after the verb.

The correct answer is 'Writer : Pen​'.

Key Points

Let's see the meaning of the given and marked option:

• Farmer uses a Plow for farming.
• Similarly, Writer used a pen to write.

Therefore, the correct answer is option 2.

Additional Information 

• Lets see the other options:
• Painter uses a brush to paint.
• Soldier uses a gun to fight.
• Potter uses a wheel to make pots.

The correct answer is "consider"

Key Points

• Let's look at the meaning of the given words.
• Think: have a particular opinion, belief, or idea about someone or something.
• Consider: think carefully about (something), typically before making a decision.
• Judge: a public officer appointed to decide cases in a law court.
• Reflect: embody or represent (something) in a faithful or appropriate way.
• ​As per the meaning of the given words, "consider" is the appropriate word choice for the blank.
• ​Example: *The principal asked us to consider the consequences of our actions next time when she issued a warning.*​
• ​We use the word consider when we are making a decision or developing an opinion about something.​
• In the given sentence, we are talking about how Indians consider plants like Peepal and Tulsi sacred and worship them.
• The given sentence is an opinion so we can use the word consider in the sentence.

​The correct sentence is: Indians consider plants like Peepal and Tulsi sacred and worship them.

Hence, the correct answer is option 2.

The correct answer is "C, A, D, B."

 Key Points

• The correct order, C, A, D, B, makes a coherent grammatical and logical argument and narrative which states:
• C. It has frequently been claimed: This sentence introduces the claim or thesis, so it serves as the leading statement or introduction. It informs the reader that an assertion is about to be discussed which has been made multiple times before.
• A. That the only true individual: This phrase extends the claim mentioned in paragraph "C." It tells us the subject of this claim is a particular type of person categorized as the 'true individual,' but does not specify yet who this individual is.
• D. Whom the traditional society of India tolerates: This part of the sentence is specifying who this 'true individual' is. It suggests that this individual is someone who is tolerated by traditional society in India. At this point, the reader knows the claim is about a particular type of individual who is acceptable in traditional Indian society.
• B. Is the holy man: The final phrase, "Is the holy man," serves as the conclusion of the argument. It identifies and clarifies who this 'true individual' is. It finalizes the claim by stating that this 'true individual,' tolerated by traditional Indian society, is a holy man.
• This ordering provides a complete, coherent thought and is chronologically correct because it starts by stating the claim, identifies the topic, gives a further attribute to this topic regarding its acceptance in traditional Indian society, and ends by identifying who exactly this 'true individual' is - a holy man.

Correct sentence: It has frequently been claimed (C) that the only true individual (A) which the traditional society of India tolerates (D) is the holy man (B) .

The correct answer is "move in".

Key Points

• The phrase "move in" is commonly used when someone decides to live or reside in the same place as another person.
• In this context, the sentence is indicating that the speaker's sister has decided to live with the speaker.

Therefore, the correct answer is "option 2".

The correct answer is "Even though".

Key Points

• "Even though" correctly conveys a sense of contrast or concession.
• It implies that, despite the speaker having a favorite brother, they will still tell their mother about something.
• "Even though" introduces a contrast between the two clauses.

Therefore, the correct answer is "option 2".

The correct answer is "B, A, C, D."

 Key Points

• The sentence talks about the negative effects of family members being exposed to each other's capricious minds and the waste of human resources on society.
• The sentence must start with the subject "the waste of human resources", so the first part must be B.
• The next part must be A, as it introduces a relative clause with "that."
• The next part must be CD, as it provides the object for part A.
• The correct answer is option 4.
• Correct sentence:

Waste of human resources and , the fact that all members of the family were exposed, to each other's capricious minds had a debasing effect, on the vitality of society as a whole.

The erroneous part is 'The suitcase I bought was quite too'.

Key Points

• The error in the sentence is the phrase "quite too large." The most appropriate substitution to correct this would be: "The suitcase I bought was too large to fit in the overhead compartment on the plane, causing a bit of inconvenience during the journey as I had to check it in at the last minute."
• Using both "quite" and "too" together in this context creates redundancy and is grammatically incorrect.
• "Quite" and "too" convey a similar idea of excess or extremity, so using them together is redundant.
• Therefore, it's more grammatically precise to use only "too large" to express that the size of the suitcase exceeded the appropriate limit for fitting in the overhead compartment.

The correct answer is- 'observed.'

Key Points

• Let us see the meanings of the given options:
• Observed: to notice or see. (नोटिस करना या देखना।)
• Permitted: officially allow (someone) to do something. (आधिकारिक तौर पर (किसी को) कुछ करने की अनुमति देना।)
• Aggravated: to make something worse or more serious. ((स्थिति को) बिगाड़ देना; बदतर करना या होना, अधिक गंभीर बनाना)
• Allayed: to make something less strong. ((पीड़ा, कष्‍ट, भय आदि की) तीव्रता या प्रबलता कम करना।)
• Here, we are talking about the noticing of the Anti-Terrorism Day.
• The option "observed" is correct in this context.
• Correct paragraph: 
  

Every year 21st May is observed as Anti-Terrorism Day. The objective behind ______ (2) ______ of this day is to wean away the youth from terrorism and the cult of violence by ______ (3) ______ the sufferings of common people and showing as to how it is prejudicial to the national interest.

 Additional Information

• Let us see the synonym of the given words:
• Appease: Placate
• Allay: Diminish​

The correct answer is- 'observance​.'

Key Points

• Let us see the meanings of the given options:
• Bright: giving out or reflecting much light; shining. (बहुत अधिक प्रकाश देना या प्रतिबिंबित करना; तड़क भड़क।)
• Opaque: not able to be seen through; not transparent. (जिस के माध्यम से देखने में सक्षम नहीं; पारदर्शी नहीं।)
• Lush: (used about plants or gardens) growing very thickly and well.  ((पौधे या बग़ीचे) घने और हरे-भरे।)
• Observance: the practice of obeying or following a law, custom, etc. (क़ानून, प्रथा आदि का पालन या प्रथा आदि का अनुसरण)
• Here, we are talking about the practice of Anti-Terrorism Day.
• The option "observance" is correct in this context.
• Correct paragraph: 
  

Every year 21st May is ______ (1) ______  as Anti-Terrorism Day. The objective behind observance of this day is to wean away the youth from terrorism and the cult of violence by ______ (3) ______ the sufferings of common people and showing as to how it is prejudicial to the national interest.

Additional Information 

• Let us see the antonym of the given words:
• Appease: Placate
• Allay: Diminish​

The correct answer is- 'highlighting.'

Key Points

• Let us see the meanings of the given options:
• Highlighting: to emphasize something so that people give it special attention. (किसी अंश या चीज़ की ओर लोगों का ध्यान आकृष्‍ट करने के लिए ज़ोर देना)
• Embracing: accept (a belief, theory, or change) willingly and enthusiastically. (स्वेच्छा और उत्साह से (एक विश्वास, सिद्धांत या परिवर्तन) स्वीकार करना।)
• Rejecting: dismiss as inadequate, unacceptable, or faulty. (अपर्याप्त, अस्वीकार्य या दोषपूर्ण के रूप में खारिज करना।)
• Renouncing: to say formally or publicly that you no longer own, support, believe in, or have a connection with something. (औपचारिक रूप से या सार्वजनिक रूप से यह कहना कि अब आप किसी चीज़ के स्वामी नहीं हैं, समर्थन करते हैं, विश्वास करते हैं, या किसी चीज़ से संबंध नहीं रखते हैं।)
• Here, we are talking about emphasizing the sufferings of the common people.
• The option "highlighting" is correct in this context.
• Correct paragraph: 
  

Every year 21st May is ______ (1) ______ as Anti-Terrorism Day. The objective behind ______ (2) ______ of this day is to wean away the youth from terrorism and the cult of violence by highlighting the sufferings of common people and showing as to how it is prejudicial to the national interest.

Additional Information 

• Let us see the synonym of the given words:
• Admit: Acknowledge
• Permit: Allow

The correct answer is 'He looks like a man who would have lots of grandchildren.' 

Key Points

• Let's refer to the following lines from the passage  - 
• He (Grandfather) did not look the sort of person who would have a wife or children.
• He looked as if he could only have lots and lots of grandchildren.
• ​Based on the above given lines, we can conclude that the correct answer is Option 4.

The correct answer is 'Disbelief'. 

Key Points

• Let's refer to the lines - 
• ''She often told us of the games she used to play as a child.''
• ''That seemed quite absurd and undignified on her part and we treated it like the fables of the Prophets she used to tell us.''
• ​Based on the above given points, it is clear that the narrator's attitude towards their grandmother's stories of her youth was of disbelief.

Therefore the correct answer is Option 2.

Here the correct answer is Attractive.

Key Points

• The correct antonym of "revolting" is "attractive".
• "Revolting" means causing intense disgust or repugnance, while "attractive" means pleasing or appealing to the senses or mind.
• Example of "revolting" in a sentence: The sight and smell of the spoiled food was revolting.
• Example of "attractive" in a sentence: The actor's attractive smile made the audience swoon.
• Thus, the correct answer is Option 1.

Additional Information

• Option 2, "unpleasant", is a close synonym of "revolting". It also means causing discomfort, displeasure, or annoyance.
• Example of "unpleasant" in a sentence: The weather was unpleasant, with cold winds and rain.
• Option 3, "rebel", is not an antonym of "revolting". It means a person who resists authority or control.
• Example of "rebel" in a sentence: The rebel group fought against the government to gain independence.
• Option 4, "peace", is also not an antonym of "revolting". It means freedom from disturbance or tranquility.
• Example of "peace" in a sentence: The treaty brought peace between the two warring nations.

Shortcut Trick

LCM of (25, 40) = 200 units 

Let the total work be 200 units 

Efficiency of Ajay = 200/25 = 8 units per day

Efficiency of Vijay = 200/40 = 5 units per day 

Work done by Vijay in 27 days = 27 × 5 = 135 units 

∴ Remaining work by Ajay and Vijay in days = (200 - 135)/13

⇒ 65/ 13 = 5  days 

∴ Ajay left after 5 days.

Alternate MethodGiven:

Ajay can complete the work in 25 days.

Vijay can complete the work in 40 days.

Vijay finished the remaining work in 27 days after Ajay left.

Concept used:

Work done by Ajay and Vijay per day together = Ajay's rate + Vijay's rate

Work done by Vijay alone in 27 days = Vijay's daily rate × 27 days

Use the concept of work done to set up an equation and solve for the number of days Ajay worked before leaving.

Calculation:

Work rate of Ajay:

⇒ Ajay's rate = 1/25 (work/day)

Work rate of Vijay:

⇒ Vijay's rate = 1/40 (work/day)

Work rate of Ajay and Vijay together:

⇒ Combined rate = (1/25) + (1/40)

Find a common denominator and add:

⇒ Combined rate = (8 + 5) / 200

⇒ Combined rate = 13 / 200 (work/day)

Work done by Vijay alone in 27 days:

⇒ Work done by Vijay = 27 × (1/40)

⇒ Work done by Vijay = 27/40

Let's say Ajay worked for x days. During these x days, both Ajay and Vijay were working.

Work done by Ajay and Vijay together in x days:

⇒ Work done together = x × (13/200)

The total work = Work done by Ajay and Vijay together + Work done by Vijay alone:

⇒ 1 = (x × 13/200) + 27/40

Convert 27/40 to a fraction with a denominator of 200:

⇒ 27/40 = (27 × 5) / (40 × 5) = 135/200

Substitute and solve for x:

⇒ 1 = (13x / 200) + 135 / 200

Multiply both sides by 200 to clear the fractions:

⇒ 200 = 13x + 135

Subtract 135 from both sides:

⇒ 65 = 13x

Divide both sides by 13:

⇒ x = 65 / 13

⇒ x = 5

∴ Ajay left after 5 days.

Given:

Two third of a positive number and 25/216 of its reciprocal are equal.

Concept used:

The reciprocal is defined as the inverse of a number.

Calculation:

Let, the positive number is x

The reciprocal of the number will be 1/x

Therefore, (2/3)x = (25/216) × (1/x)

⇒ x² = (25/216) × (3/2)

⇒ x2 = 25/144

⇒ x = $\sqrt{\frac{25}{144}}$ = 5/12

∴ The positive number is 5/12.

GIVEN:

Cost of Raw material = 1/3 × Manufacturing cost

Manufacturing cost is decreased in the ratio of 4 : 3

Cost of Raw material is increased in the ratio of 4 : 5

Overall cost is reduced by Rs. 12

ASSUMPTION :

Let cost of raw material be = x

Then its manufacturing cost = 3x

Overall cost = x + 3x = 4x

CALCULATION :

After decreasing manufacture cost it’s become = 3x/4 × 3 = 9x/4

After increasing raw material cost it’s become = (x × 5)/4 = 5x/4

Then overall cost of article = 9x/4 + 5x/4 = 14x/4 = 7x/2

Difference in cost = 4x - 7x/2 = Rs. 12

(8x - 7x)/2 = 12

x = 24

∴ Then initial cost of the article = x + 3x = 4x = 4 × 24 = Rs. 96

Given:

131, 132, 141, 166, 215, ?, 417

Logic: Addition of the square of consecutive odd numbers.

Here, the missing term is '296'.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option (2)".

The logic followed here is:

So, '19' is the missing term in the given series.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 1".

According to the English alphabet series and its positional value

The logic follows here:

Hence, the correct answer is "NFG".

By using the following symbols in the table given below, we can draw the following family tree:

Given statement: Pointing towards Kapil, Shilpa said, "His mother's brother is the father of my son Ashish". 

→ Shilpa said that Kapil's mother's brother i.e. Kapil's maternal uncle is the father of Shilpa's son Ashish.

Clearly, Kapil is the nephew of Shilpa.

Hence, the correct answer is "Nephew".

The logic follows here is :-

Graph of Direction :

Direction for given question is :

Distance = ${ \sqrt{8^2 + 6^2}}$ = ${\sqrt{64 + 36}}$ = ${\sqrt{100}}$ = 10 m

Thus, the correct answer is '10 m'.

Just as dollar is the currency of the United States.

In the same way, taka is the currency of Bangladesh.

Hence, the answer is ‘Bangladesh’.

Here the logic is as follows,

9² = 81, 81 + 2 = 83

Similarly,

12² = 144, 144 + 2 = 146.

Hence 146 is related to 12.

The logic followed here is:

1st number × (1st number + 1) = 2nd number.

Noe, for '14 : 210'

⇒ 14 × (14 + 1)

⇒ 14 × 15 = 210.

For, '16 : 272'

⇒ 16 × (16 + 1)

⇒ 16 × 17 = 272.

Similarly, for '13 : ?'

⇒ 13 × (13 + 1)

⇒ 13 × 14 = 182.

Hence, the correct answer is "182".

According to the English alphabet series and its positional value:

Pattern followed here is;

BCH - EFK

ALG - DOJ

EBM - HEP

DHL - GJO

Hence, the  correct answer is "DHL - GJO".

At 1:15, the hour hand is in between 1 and 2 and the minute hand is at 3.

So, in the mirror image, the hour hand will be between 10 and 11 and the minute hand will be at 9, as shown below

Hence, the time that depicts the mirror image of 1:15 in a clock is 10:45.

The least possible Venn diagram for the given statement is:

Conclusions:

I. No sparrow is an owl → Does not Follow (As, all sparrows are birds and some owls are birds. So, as no direct negative or cross relation is given between sparrow and owls therefore, it is definitely false)

II. Some sparrows are owls → Does not Follow (As, all sparrows are birds and some owls are birds. So, it is possible but not definitely true)

∴ Here,

1. Elements i.e sparrow and owl are same in both the conclusions.
2. Both the conclusions are individually does not follow(possible but not definitely true).
3. Conclusion I and II are complementary pair i.e Some and No

Hence, the correct answer is "Either conclusion I or II follows".

Additional Information 

Conditions of either or case

1. The elements should be same in both the conclusions
2. Both conclusions should possible but not definitely true.
3. One of the conclusion should be negative and one of the conclusion should be positive i.e complimentary pair.
4. Complimentary pairs :

• ​some + no and all + some not
• Some + Some not and All + no are not Complimentary pair.

Given equation: 45 - 5 + 96 ÷ 8 × 24 = 9.

BODMAS Table: 

Let's check each option one by one.

Option 1) ÷ and -

Given: 45 - 5 + 96 ÷ 8 × 24 = 9

After interchanging the symbols, we get;

⇒ 45 ÷ 5 + 96 - 8 × 24 = 9

⇒ 9 + 96 - 8 × 24 = 9

⇒ 9 + 96 - 192 = 9

⇒ 102 - 192 = 9

⇒ -90 ≠ 9

⇒ LHS ≠ RHS

Option 2) + and × 

Given: 45 - 5 + 96 ÷ 8 × 24 = 9

After interchanging the symbols we get;

⇒ 45 - 5 × 96 ÷ 8 + 24 = 9

⇒ 45 - 5 × 12 + 24 = 9

⇒ 45 - 60 + 24 = 9

⇒ 69 - 60 = 9

⇒ 9 = 9

⇒ LHS = RHS

Option 3) + and -

Given: 45 - 5 + 96 ÷ 8 × 24 = 9

After interchanging the symbols we get;

⇒ 45 + 5 - 96 ÷ 8 × 24 = 9

⇒ 45 + 5 - 12 × 24 = 9

⇒ 45 + 5 - 288 = 9

⇒ 50 - 288 = 9

⇒ -238 ≠ 9

⇒ LHS ≠ RHS

Option 4) × and - 

Given: 45 - 5 + 96 ÷ 8 × 24 = 9

After interchanging the symbols we get;

⇒ 45 × 5 + 96 ÷ 8 - 24 = 9

⇒ 45 × 5 + 12 - 24 = 9

⇒ 225 + 12 - 24 = 9

⇒ 237 - 24 = 9

⇒ 213 ≠ 9

⇒ LHS ≠ RHS

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 2".

Alphabets & their positional values:

The pattern followed here is:

First, second, fourth & fifth alphabets are decreased by - 2.

The third alphabet is increased by + 2.

Now,

'ABOUT’ is written as 'YZQSR'

'PARTS' is written as 'NYTRQ'

Similarly, for 'PLANT'

So, 'PLANT' will be written as 'NJCLR'.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 2".