English Comprehension PYQs

The correct answer is 'revitalisation'.

 

Key Points

• The word "revitalisation" means bringing new life or vigor to something. (पुनर्जीवन)
• In the context of global economies, revitalisation refers to the process of injecting new energy or life into the economy.
• The other options: "abrogation," "devastation," and "dismantling" do not fit the context as appropriately. They imply negative actions or consequences.

​Therefore, the correct answer is 'Option 3'.

Complete Sentence: It is terrible that education systems all over the world are being held in captivity due to poverty, both at the governmental and family levels, despite the fact that education is claimed to be so important for human progress and the revitalisation of global economies.

Additional Information

• Abrogation (निरसन): means the repeal or abolition of a law, right, or agreement.
• Devastation (विध्वंस): means great destruction or damage.
• Dismantling (विघटन): means taking a structure or system apart.

The correct answer is Option 1.

 

Key Points

• Indirect Speech: The customer asked the tailor if he would have the dress ready by Tuesday.
• Key Conversions:
• Pronoun:
• In direct speech, "you" is changed to "he" to align with the subject of the reporting verb.
• Tense:
• The modal verb "will" in direct speech is changed to "would" in indirect speech to follow the sequence of tenses rule.
• Reporting Verb:
• The reporting verb "asked" indicates a question and requires the use of "if" to introduce the subordinate clause in indirect speech.
• Punctuation and Format:
• Quotation marks are removed in indirect speech.
• The sentence is restructured to integrate the question into a subordinate clause.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 1.

 

Correct Sentence: "The customer asked the tailor if he would have the dress ready by Tuesday."

 

Additional Information

• Option 2: "The customer asked the tailor if he would like to have the dress ready by Tuesday." – Incorrect as it changes the original meaning of the sentence.
• Option 3: "The customer asked the tailor if he will have the dress ready by Tuesday." – Incorrect tense (uses "will" instead of "would").
• Option 4: "The customer asked the tailor if he should have the dress ready by Tuesday." – Incorrect modal verb (changes the sentence’s meaning).

The correct answer is '1' i.e. They were watching TV all evening.

Key Points

• Past continuous tense indicates an action that was ongoing at a particular time in the past.
• The structure of the past continuous tense is Subject + was/were + Verb(ing) + Object.
• "They were watching TV all evening" correctly uses the past continuous tense.

Hence, the correct answer is option 1.

Correct sentence: "They were watching TV all evening."

Additional Information

• Option 2: "They would have watched TV all evening" is in the past perfect conditional tense, not past continuous.
• Option 3: "They watched TV all evening" is in the simple past tense, not past continuous.
• Option 4: "They shall be watching TV all evening" is in the future continuous tense, not past continuous.

The correct answer is '2' i.e. The troll, the boy shared on social media created a big laughter.

Key Points

• The sentence must follow proper grammatical rules, including the correct use of articles ("a," "an," "the") and prepositions.
• Option 2: "The troll, the boy shared on social media created a big laughter." – Correct as it uses proper article placement and grammatical structure.

Hence, the correct answer is option 2.

Correct sentence: "The troll, the boy shared on social media created a big laughter."

Additional Information

• Option 1: "An troll, the boy shared on the social media created the big laughter." – Incorrect because "An" should be replaced by "A," and "the big laughter" should be corrected to "a big laughter."
• Option 3: "A troll, a boy shared in on social media created an big laughter." – Incorrect because "in on" is unnecessary and "an big laughter" should be corrected to "a big laughter."
• Option 4: "The troll, a boy shared on an social media created a big laughter." – Incorrect because "an social media" should be "a social media."

The correct answer is Option 2.

 

Key Points

• Active voice structure: The subject performs the action in the sentence.
• In the passive voice, the object of the sentence becomes the subject. In this case, "some students" is the subject of the active sentence.
• To convert to active voice: The subject of the sentence should be the doer of the action, and the sentence should be directly stating the action.
• In Option 2, "People know that some students grow wise early" transforms the passive structure to active voice appropriately.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 2.

 

Correct Sentence: "People know that some students grow wise early."

 

Additional Information

• Option 1: "Some students have been knowing that they grow wise early" – Incorrect as the verb "knowing" is used wrongly in the continuous form here.
• Option 3: "Few of us know that students grow early" – Incorrect because "grow early" lacks proper context (it should be "grow wise early").
• Option 4: "We all know that students grew wise early" – Incorrect as it uses the past tense "grew" instead of the present tense "grow" to indicate a general truth.

The correct answer is Option 3.

 

Key Points

• Indirect Speech: My friend asked me if I knew the recipe of mango ice-cream.
• Key Conversions:
• "Do you know the recipe of mango ice-cream?" becomes "if I knew the recipe of mango ice-cream"
• Direct question "Do you know" is converted to indirect question "if I knew."
• Pronoun "you" is changed to "I" to match indirect speech.
• Verb "know" is changed to "knew" to match the past tense in indirect questions.
• "the recipe of mango ice-cream" remains unchanged
• The object "the recipe of mango ice-cream" remains the same in both direct and indirect speech.
• Reporting verb:
• Direct: "said to me"
• Converted to: "asked me" to reflect the questioning nature of the original sentence.
• Punctuation and Format:
• Indirect speech does not use quotation marks.
• The reporting clause "My friend asked me" is followed by the indirect question "if I knew the recipe of mango ice-cream."

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 3.

 

Correct Sentence: My friend asked me if I knew the recipe of mango ice-cream.

 

Additional Information

• Option 1: "My friend asked me that I knew the recipe of mango ice-cream."
• Incorrect use of "that" instead of "if" for an indirect question.
• Option 2: "My friend asked me if I know the recipe of mango ice-cream."
• Incorrect verb tense: "know" should be "knew" to match the past tense.
• Option 4: "My friend asked me that I know the recipe of mango ice-cream."
• Incorrect use of "that" and incorrect verb tense: "know" should be "knew".

The correct answer is Option 4.

 

Key Points

• The primary issue in the sentence is the incorrect article "a" before the term "exceptional structure."
• The word "exceptional" begins with a vowel sound and should be preceded by the article "an."
• The correct phrase should be "the earth has an exceptional structure," ensuring grammatical correctness and clarity.
• Thus, the error is located in the use of the article before "exceptional structure" in the sentence.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 4.

 

Correct Sentence: "The earth has an exceptional structure which may have helped in life’s arrival."

 

Additional Information

• The: "The earth has" is correct as it specifies a particular noun (earth).
• An: "an exceptional structure" uses the correct article for a noun starting with a vowel sound.
• Structure: "structure which may have helped" is grammatically correct.
• Life’s arrival: "in life’s arrival" is grammatically and contextually correct.

The correct answer is Option 4.

Key Points

• The paragraph introduces the central idea of art and its different categories, then explains the distinction between fine art and applied art, and finally discusses the challenges to these notions in the twentieth century.
• Sentence S is the first sentence as it introduces the broad concept of art:
• "There are a number of different categories of objects and processes under the umbrella term of art which need to be explored."
• Sentence U follows as it explains the primary division within art:
• "Art is typically divided into two areas: fine art (such as painting, sculpture, music and poetry), and the applied arts (such as pottery, weaving, metal working, furniture making and calligraphy)."
• Sentence R is the third sentence as it further categorizes fine art:
• "Fine art is categorised as something which only has an aesthetic or conceptual function."
• Sentence P is the fourth as it elaborates on applied arts:
• "Applied arts require an object to be functional, as well as beautiful."
• Sentence T follows as it introduces the challenge to these notions:
• "In the twentieth century, artists began to challenge the established notion of art."
• Sentence Q is the last sentence as it provides context to why artists challenged these notions:
• "They recognised that their work belonged to the higher social classes who had the wealth to purchase art and the leisure time to enjoy it."
• The correct sequence is SURPTQ.

Coherent paragraph after rearrangement:

"There are a number of different categories of objects and processes under the umbrella term of art which need to be explored. Art is typically divided into two areas: fine art (such as painting, sculpture, music and poetry), and the applied arts (such as pottery, weaving, metal working, furniture making and calligraphy). Fine art is categorised as something which only has an aesthetic or conceptual function. Applied arts require an object to be functional, as well as beautiful. In the twentieth century, artists began to challenge the established notion of art. They recognised that their work belonged to the higher social classes who had the wealth to purchase art and the leisure time to enjoy it."

The correct answer is: Option 2 i.e. 'To be difficult'.

Key Points

• The phrase "goes hard with" means to be harsh, severe, or difficult in dealing with someone. (किसी के साथ सख्त या कठिन होना)
• Example: The teacher goes hard with students who do not complete their homework on time.
• "To be difficult" refers to something that is not easy to do, understand, or deal with. (कठिन होना)
• Example: Learning a new language can be difficult for many people.
• Hence, we can infer that the idiom "goes hard with one and all" means "to be difficult" with everyone.

Therefore, the correct answer is: Option 2 i.e. 'To be difficult'.

Additional Information

Here are the other options explained along with their Hindi meanings and example sentences:

• To be busy over trifles (छोटी-छोटी बातों में व्यस्त रहना): Spending time on unimportant or trivial matters.
• Example: He often gets busy over trifles and misses important deadlines.
• To remain neutral (तटस्थ रहना): Not taking sides in a conflict or dispute.
• Example: The mediator remained neutral throughout the negotiations.
• To be unreliable (अविश्वसनीय होना): Not dependable or trustworthy.
• Example: His constant delays make him an unreliable team member.

The correct answer is Option 2.

 

Key Points

• Active voice structure: The subject performs the action expressed by the verb.
• In the active voice, the sentence is: "The chef baked the cake in the kitchen."
• To convert from passive voice, place the subject (the chef) before the verb and remove the auxiliary verb "was".
• Option 2 correctly uses the active form of the verb, where "the chef" performs the action of baking the cake.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 2.

 

Correct Sentence: "The chef baked the cake in the kitchen."

 

Additional Information

• Option 1: "The kitchen was baking the cake by the chef" – Incorrect because the kitchen is incorrectly used as the subject performing the action.
• Option 3: "The cake was being baked by the chef in the kitchen" – This is in passive continuous tense, not active voice.
• Option 4: "The cake is being baked by the chef in the kitchen" – This is in present continuous passive, not active voice.

The correct answer is: Option 3 i.e. To hear a piece of information that someone was trying to keep secret.

Key Points

• The idiom "To get wind of" means:
• To hear a piece of information that someone was trying to keep secret. (खबर लगना)
• Example: The employees got wind of the company's plan to relocate the office to another city before it was officially announced.

Therefore, the correct answer is: Option 3 i.e. To hear a piece of information that someone was trying to keep secret.

Additional Information

Here are the other options explained along with their Hindi meanings and example sentences:

• To recover from something (किसी चीज़ से उबरना):
• Example: It took him a few weeks to recover from the flu.
• To get into difficulty (कठिनाई में पड़ना):
• Example: He got into difficulty while trying to swim across the river.
• To escape so that you don't have to pay (भाग जाना ताकि भुगतान न करना पड़े):
• Example: The diner dashed out of the restaurant to escape so that he didn't have to pay the bill.

The correct answer is Option 4.

 

Key Points

• Indirect speech is used to report what someone else has said, while direct speech uses the exact words of the speaker.
• The phrase "Let us" is used for making suggestions. In indirect speech, this is converted to "suggested that" or "recommended that" followed by the base form of the verb "should."
• Option 4 correctly converts the reported speech into indirect speech using "suggested that" and uses the proper form of the verb "should" to indicate a suggestion.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 4.

 

Correct Sentence: "The solicitor suggested that they should solve the dispute over the land."

 

Additional Information

• Option 1: "The solicitor suggested that they might solve the dispute over the land." – Incorrect use of "might" which weakens the suggestion.
• Option 2: "The solicitor ordered that we should solve the dispute over the land." – The verb "ordered" changes the meaning, indicating a command rather than a suggestion.
• Option 3: "The solicitor wished that they should solve the dispute over the land." – The verb "wished" is not appropriate for expressing a suggestion in this context.

The correct answer is Option 3.

 

Key Points

• Indirect Speech: She said that she had finished her work.
• Key Conversions:
• Direct speech "I have finished" becomes "she had finished"
• Pronoun "I" is changed to "she" to match the third person.
• Present perfect tense "have finished" is changed to past perfect tense "had finished".
• Punctuation and Format:
• Direct speech is enclosed in quotation marks.
• Indirect speech does not require quotation marks.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 3.

 

Correct Sentence: She said that she had finished her work.

 

Additional Information

• Option 1: She said that she will finish her work.
• Changes the tense to future, which is incorrect.
• Option 2: She said that she would finish her work.
• Changes the tense to future in past, which is incorrect.
• Option 4: She said that she has finished her work.
• Maintains present perfect tense, which is incorrect for indirect speech.

The correct answer is Option 3.

 

Key Points

• Passive voice structure: The object of the active voice sentence becomes the subject of the passive voice sentence.
• In the active voice, the sentence is: "It is time to have tea."
• To convert to passive voice: Place the object "tea" at the beginning.
• Change the active verb form "to have" to "to be had" (infinitive passive).
• Ensure the time phrase "It is time for" remains at the beginning of the sentence for clarity.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 3.

 

Correct Sentence: "It is time for tea to be had."

 

Additional Information

• Option 1: "Tea is to be had." – Does not include the time aspect.
• Option 2: "Time must be taken to prepare tea." – Changes the meaning of the sentence.
• Option 4: "Tea is to be taken by it." – Incorrect structure and meaning.

The correct answer is Option 2.

 

Key Points

• The primary issue in the sentence is the use of incorrect articles with the words "critical" and "important".
• The article "an" should be used before words starting with a vowel sound, and "a" before words starting with a consonant sound.
• Therefore, the correct phrase should be "a critical role" and "an important physiological process".
• Additionally, "the brain" is more specific and appropriate in this context.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 2.

 

Correct Sentence: "PIEZO2 plays a critical role along with Piezo1 to regulate an important physiological process for the brain to understand."

 

Additional Information

• Option 1: "PIEZO2 plays critical role along with Piezo1 to regulate a important physiological process for brain to understand." – This option is incorrect because it omits the article "a" before "critical role" and uses "a" instead of "an" before "important physiological process".
• Option 3: "PIEZO2 plays the critical role along with Piezo1 to regulate the important physiological process for brain to understand." – This option is incorrect because the use of "the" makes the role and process overly specific without context, and it omits "the" before "brain".
• Option 4: "PIEZO2 plays an critical role along with Piezo1 to regulate the important physiological process for brain to understand." – This option is incorrect because "an" is incorrectly used before "critical role" and it omits "the" before "brain".

The correct answer is Option 2.

 

Key Points

• The correct phrase should be "altogether," not "all together".
• "Altogether" means "entirely" or "in total", while "all together" means "all in one place".
• Thus, the error is located in part 2 of the sentence.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 2.

 

Correct Sentence: "You have said that, as he took money from you many times, he owes you five thousand rupees altogether."

The correct answer is: Option 4.

Key Points

• The word "Reliable" means someone or something that can be trusted or depended upon. (भरोसेमंद)
• Example: She is a reliable friend who is always there for you.
• "Untrustworthy" refers to someone or something that cannot be trusted or relied upon. (अविश्वसनीय)
• Example: He proved to be untrustworthy when he broke his promise.

Therefore, the correct answer is: Option 4.

Additional Information

Here are the other options explained along with their Hindi meanings and example sentences:

• Unknown (अज्ञात): Something or someone that is not known.
• Example: The cause of the disease is still unknown.
• Unfamiliar (अनजान): Not known or recognized.
• Example: The terrain was unfamiliar to the hikers.
• Uncommon (असामान्य): Not occurring often, rare.
• Example: It's uncommon to see such a rare bird in this area.

The correct answer is: Option 3 i.e. changing.

Key Points

• The word "constant" means something that is continuous and unchanging over time. (निरंतर)
• Example: The constant noise from the construction site made it difficult to concentrate.
• "Changing" refers to something that is not stable and is subject to alterations or variations. (बदलते हुए)
• Example: The weather is constantly changing during the spring season.
• Hence, we can infer that the opposite of 'constant' is 'changing'.

Therefore, the correct answer is: Option 3 i.e. changing.

Additional Information

Here are the other options explained along with their Hindi meanings and example sentences:

• Boring (उबाऊ): Not interesting; tedious.
• Example: The lecture was so boring that several students fell asleep.
• Friendly (मित्रवत): Kind and pleasant.
• Example: She has a friendly demeanor that makes everyone feel comfortable around her.
• Steady (स्थिर): Firmly fixed, supported, or balanced; not shaking or moving.
• Example: The ladder was steady, allowing him to climb safely to the roof.

The correct answer is: Option 1 i.e. To look after something or someone.

Key Points

• The word "look after" means to take care of someone or something; to ensure that someone or something is safe and well. (देखभाल करना)
• Example: She has to look after her younger brother while their parents are away.
• "Keep an eye on" means to watch over someone or something to make sure they are safe and not in trouble. (नज़र रखना)
• Example: Can you keep an eye on my bag while I go to the restroom?
• Hence, we can infer that "keep an eye on" is synonymous with "look after."

Therefore, the correct answer is: Option 1 i.e. To look after something or someone.

Additional Information

Here are the other options explained along with their Hindi meanings and example sentences:

• Option 2: To accomplish something too ambitious (कुछ बहुत महत्वाकांक्षी हासिल करना): Refers to attempting to achieve something that is very difficult or unlikely.
• Example: Trying to finish this project in one day is too ambitious.
• Option 3: To wait for something that is disturbing (कुछ परेशान करने वाली चीज़ का इंतजार करना): Refers to being in a state of anticipation for something troubling.
• Example: Waiting for the results of the test was very disturbing.
• Option 4: To ignore something or someone (किसी चीज या किसी को नज़रअंदाज़ करना): Refers to deliberately not paying attention to something or someone.
• Example: He chose to ignore the comments about his performance.

The correct answer is 'Option 2'.

Key Points

• The word "incessant" means continuing without any interruption, which fits the context of the sentence.
• Other options do not fit as accurately. For example, "To follow an unknown course" does not describe the nature of the noise.
• "To impact in a strikingly negative way" and "To occur at irregular intervals or occasionally" also do not match the continuous nature implied by "incessant".

Hence, the correct answer is 'Option 2'.

Correct Sentence*: Even amidst the all-pervasive silence, the noise inside her head seemed incessant.*

Additional Information

• Option 1: "To follow an unknown course" does not describe the nature of "incessant".
• Option 3: "To impact in a strikingly negative way" does not fit the context of continuous noise.
• Option 4: "To occur at irregular intervals or occasionally" contradicts the meaning of "incessant".