English Comprehension PYQs

The correct answer is: Option 1.

Key Points

• The word "light" in this context means something that is not severe, harsh, or heavy in intensity. (हल्का)
• Example: The judge gave him a light punishment for his first offense.
• "Heavy" refers to something that is great in amount, degree, or intensity; in the context of punishment, it means severe or harsh. (भारी)
• Example: The judge gave him a heavy punishment for the crime.
• In this context, the word "light" refers to the degree of punishment, making "Heavy" the most appropriate antonym.

Therefore, the correct answer is: Option 1.

Additional Information

Here are the other options explained along with their Hindi meanings and example sentences:

• Serious (गंभीर): Requiring deep thought, attention, or a grave attitude.
• Example: The teacher gave the students a serious warning about their behavior in class.
• Dark (अंधेरा): Having little or no light; not bright or clear.
• Example: The room was dark, so she turned on the lamp.
• Mild (हल्का): Not severe, serious, or harsh; often used as a synonym for 'light' in this context.
• Example: He suffered a mild heart attack.

The correct answer is Option 1) ABCD.

Key Points

• The sentence should start with the subject, followed by the verb, the object, and the time expression.
• "The country" (A) is the subject, followed by the verb "was devastated" (B).
• "By a powerful cyclone" (C) is the prepositional phrase explaining what caused the devastation, and "last month" (D) is the time expression, which logically comes at the end.
• The correct arrangement is "The country was devastated by a powerful cyclone last month."

Therefore, the correct answer is- ABCD.

Additional Information

Option 2) BACD starts with the verb, which would make the sentence less natural.

Option 3) ABDC disrupts the logical order of the sentence elements.

Option 4) ACBD places the time expression too early, confusing the structure.

The correct answer is: Persistent.

Key Points

• The word "Chronic" means something that is long-lasting or persistent, especially in reference to diseases or problems that continue over a long period. (दीर्घकालिक)
• Example: He suffers from chronic back pain that has lasted for years.
• "Persistent" refers to something that continues to exist or occur over a prolonged period, often despite difficulties or interruptions. (लगातार)
• Example: The child's persistent efforts to solve the puzzle eventually paid off.
• Hence, "Persistent" is the synonym of "Chronic".

Therefore, the correct answer is: Persistent.

Additional Information

Here are the other options explained along with their Hindi meanings and example sentences:

• Temporary (अस्थायी): Something that lasts for only a limited period and is not permanent.
• Example: The temporary solution worked for now, but we will need a permanent fix.
• Fresh (ताजा): Something that is new, recent, or not previously known.
• Example: She brought fresh ideas to the team that sparked creativity.
• Occasional (कभी-कभार): Happening or done infrequently or irregularly.
• Example: He enjoys the occasional walk in the park on weekends.

The correct answer is: Obscure.

Key Points

• The word "prominent" means something that is important, famous, or easily noticeable; it stands out distinctly. (प्रमुख, प्रसिद्ध)
• Example: She is a prominent figure in the field of medicine due to her groundbreaking research.
• "Obscure" refers to something that is not well-known, unclear, or hidden from view; it is the opposite of being prominent. (अस्पष्ट, अज्ञात)
• Example: The old manuscript was written by an obscure writer, whose name is lost to history.
• Hence, we can conclude that the antonym of 'prominent' is 'obscure'.

Therefore, the correct answer is: Obscure.

Additional Information

Here are the other options explained along with their Hindi meanings and example sentences:

• Renowned (प्रसिद्ध): Known or talked about by many people; famous.
• Example: He is a renowned scientist who has won several awards for his research.
• Eminent (प्रख्यात): Famous and respected within a particular sphere or profession.
• Example: The conference was attended by several eminent scholars from around the world.
• Conspicuous (स्पष्ट): Standing out so as to be clearly visible or attracting attention.
• Example: Her bright red coat made her conspicuous in the crowd.

The correct answer is Option 1.

Key Points

• The Earth is facing a serious environmental crisis, and the given sentences describe various aspects of this crisis.
• Sentence P comes first as it addresses the deforestation issue:
• "Forests are being cut down."
• Sentence Q follows as it introduces a related environmental problem:
• "Oceans are filling with plastic."
• Sentence R comes next as it discusses air pollution:
• "The air is becoming toxic."
• Sentence S is the last in the sequence before the concluding

Statement:

• "Climate change is accelerating."
• The correct sequence is PQRS.

Coherent paragraph after rearrangement:

"The Earth is facing a serious environmental crisis. Forests are being cut down. Oceans are filling with plastic. The air is becoming toxic. Climate change is accelerating. We must act before it's too late."

The correct answer is Option 3.

 

Key Points

• Passive voice structure: The object of the active voice sentence becomes the subject of the passive voice sentence.
• In the active voice, the sentence is: "He had lost the keys before the meeting."
• To convert to passive voice: Place the object "the keys" at the beginning.
• Change the active verb form "had lost" to "had been lost" (past perfect passive).
• Add the preposition "by" followed by the original subject "him."
• Ensure the time phrase "before the meeting" remains at the end of the sentence for clarity.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 3.

 

Correct Sentence: "The keys had been lost by him before the meeting."

 

Additional Information

• Option 1: "The keys had lost before the meeting." – Incorrect sentence structure; the verb is not in the passive form.
• Option 2: "The keys has been lost." – Incorrect tense (present perfect instead of past perfect).
• Option 4: "The keys were lost by him." – Incorrect tense (past simple instead of past perfect).

The correct answer is Option 1.

 

Key Points

• Passive voice structure: The object of the active voice sentence becomes the subject of the passive voice sentence.
• In the active voice, the sentence is: "He helps the poor."
• To convert to passive voice: Place the object "the poor" at the beginning.
• Change the active verb form "helps" to "are helped" (present simple passive).
• Add the preposition "by" followed by the original subject "him."

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 1.

 

Correct Sentence: "The poor are helped by him."

 

Additional Information

• Option 2: "The poor were helped by him." – Incorrect tense (past simple passive).
• Option 3: "The poor had been helped." – Incomplete sentence, missing the doer of the action.
• Option 4: "The poor have helped." – Incorrect structure, active voice sentence.

The correct answer is Option 4.

 

Key Points

• Indirect Speech: They said that they were enjoying the trip.
• Key Conversions:
• "They said that they were enjoying" becomes "They said, 'We are enjoying'"
• The reporting verb "said" is unchanged in the transformation to direct speech.
• Pronoun "they" is changed to "we" to match direct speech.
• Verb "were enjoying" is converted to "are enjoying" to reflect the present continuous tense in direct speech.
• "the trip" remains "the trip"
• The object of the sentence, "the trip," remains unchanged in both direct and indirect speech.
• Punctuation and Format:
• Direct speech is enclosed in quotation marks.
• Starts with a capital letter "We" and ends with a period ".".
• Reporting clause follows the quoted speech, separated by a comma and starting with lowercase "they said".

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 4.

 

Correct Sentence: "They said, 'We are enjoying the trip.'"

 

Additional Information

• Option 1: "They said, 'We enjoy the trip.'"
• Tense incorrect: "enjoy" indicates present simple, which doesn't align with the original sentence in the past continuous tense.
• Option 2: "They said, 'We were enjoying the trip.'"
• Tense does not align with the context of the trip being currently enjoyed in the original statement.
• Option 3: "They said, 'We have enjoyed the trip.'"
• Tense incorrect: "have enjoyed" indicates present perfect, which changes the meaning of the original sentence.

The correct answer is 'goes'.

 

Key Points

• The verb "goes" is the simple present tense form of the verb "go" used for third-person singular subjects.
• The sentence describes a habitual action ("every morning"), so the present tense "goes" is required.
• Options 1, 2, and 4 are grammatically incorrect in this context.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 3.

 

Complete Sentence: "She goes to the market every morning."

 

Additional Information

• Option 1: "go" is incorrect because it is not conjugated for third-person singular subjects.
• Option 2: "gone" is incorrect because it is the past participle form and does not fit here.
• Option 4: "going" is incorrect because it is the present participle form and does not fit here.

The correct answer is Option 4.

 

Key Points

• Active voice structure: The subject performs the action, and the object receives the action.
• The passive voice sentence provided is: "The damaged road will be repaired by the municipality."
• To convert to active voice: Place the subject "the municipality" at the beginning.
• The verb structure changes from "will be repaired" (future simple passive) to "will begin repairing" (future simple active).
• Ensure the object "the damaged road" remains in its place, receiving the action.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 4.

 

Correct Sentence: "The municipality will begin repairing the damaged road."

 

Additional Information

• Option 1: "The municipality will have begin repairing the damaged road." – Incorrect verb form ("will have begin" is grammatically incorrect).
• Option 2: "The municipality will begining repairing the damaged road." – Incorrect spelling ("begining" instead of "begin").
• Option 3: "The municipality is begin repairing the damaged road." – Incorrect tense ("is begin" is grammatically incorrect).

Note:

This is a PYP question, and the official answer key has marked (correct option) as the correct answer, hence we cannot make any changes to it.

The correct answer is Option (4) i.e. ABCD

Key Points

• The sentence begins with the verb phrase "She took care of," which is correctly indicated by part (A).
• Following the verb, the object of the action "her younger brother" is indicated by part (B).
• The next part, "while their parents," adds the context for the action, which is indicated by part (C).
• Finally, "were away" completes the sentence and provides the necessary conclusion, indicated by part (D).

Therefore, the correct sequence is ABCD.

 

Additional Information

• Option 1 (ACBD): This option places "She took care of" before "while their parents" without first introducing the object "her younger brother," which disrupts the logical flow.
• Option 2 (BACD): This option starts with "her younger brother" before introducing the action "She took care of," which creates an unnatural sentence structure.
• Option 3 (CBAD): This option starts with "while their parents" before introducing the main subject "she," which is incorrect.

Note:

This is a PYP question, and the official answer key has marked (correct option) as the correct answer, hence we cannot make any changes to it.

The correct answer is: Matricide.

Key Points

• The word "Killing of one's mother" refers to the act of murdering or causing the death of one's own mother. (अपनी माँ की हत्या)
• Matricide is the specific term used to describe this act. (मातृहत्या)
• Example: The infamous case of Orestes in Greek mythology involves matricide, as he killed his mother, Clytemnestra.

Therefore, the correct answer is: Matricide.

Additional Information

Here are the other options explained along with their Hindi meanings and example sentences:

• Fratricide (भ्रातृहत्य): The act of killing one’s own brother.
• Example: The story of Cain and Abel in the Bible is a classic example of fratricide.
• Patricide (पितृहत्य): The act of killing one’s own father.
• Example: The character of Hamlet in Shakespeare’s play contemplates patricide under certain circumstances.
• Homicide (मनुष्यहत्या): The act of killing another human being, without specifying the relationship.
• Example: The detective was investigating a case of homicide that occurred in the downtown area.

The correct answer is 'neatly'.

 

Key Points

• The word "neatly" is an adverb that modifies the verb "writes."
• Adverbs are used to describe how an action is performed, making "neatly" the most appropriate choice in this context.
• Options 1, 2, and 4 are incorrect because they are either adjectives or comparative forms, which are not suitable in this sentence.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 3.

 

Complete Sentence: "She writes essays neatly."

 

Additional Information

• Option 1: "neat" is incorrect because it is an adjective, and adjectives cannot modify verbs.
• Option 2: "neatest" is incorrect because it is a superlative adjective, which does not fit the context.
• Option 4: "neater" is incorrect because it is a comparative adjective, which is not suitable here.

The correct answer is: Present.

Key Points

• The word "current" has multiple meanings, making it a homonym. Here, it refers to "the present time or situation" (वर्तमान समय).
• English Meaning: Belonging to the time now occurring.
• Hindi Meaning: वर्तमान समय (vartamaan samay).
• Example: The current state of affairs requires immediate attention.
• The correct word in the given sentence is "Present", which also means "existing or happening now." (वर्तमान).
• English Meaning: Existing or occurring now.
• Hindi Meaning: वर्तमान (vartamaan).
• Example: The present situation is tense due to ongoing debates.
• Hence, we can infer that the most appropriate homonym for "current" in the given context is "Present."

Therefore, the correct answer is: Present.

Additional Information

Here are the other options explained along with their Hindi meanings and example sentences:

• Running (चल रहा): In motion or operation.
• Example: The machine is running smoothly without any issues.
• Electric flow (विद्युत प्रवाह): Refers to the flow of electric current in a circuit.
• Example: The electric flow in the wires powers the entire building.
• Modern (आधुनिक): Relating to the present or recent times.
• Example: Modern technology has transformed the way we live.

The correct answer is Option 1.

 

Key Points

• Passive voice structure: The object of the active voice sentence becomes the subject of the passive voice sentence.
• In the active voice, the sentence is: "Someone could have been using this password."
• To convert to passive voice: Place the object "this password" at the beginning.
• Change the active verb form "could have been using" to "could have been being used" (past perfect continuous passive).
• Ensure the sentence structure remains grammatically correct and logical.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 1.

 

Correct Sentence: "This password could have been being used."

 

Additional Information

• Option 2: "This password could be used." – Incorrect tense (simple present passive).
• Option 3: "This password could have been used." – Missing continuous form (past perfect passive instead of past perfect continuous passive).
• Option 4: "This password can be being used." – Incorrect use of modal verb "can" with continuous passive.

The correct answer is: Option 4 i.e. Talent for speaking fluently and persuasively.

Key Points

• The idiom "The gift of the gab" refers to the ability to speak fluently, easily, and persuasively. (अच्छी और प्रभावशाली बोलने की क्षमता)
• Example: She has the gift of the gab, which makes her an excellent salesperson.
• Speaking fluently and persuasively means the talent to convince others through articulate and coherent speech. (प्रभावी रूप से बोलने की कला)
• Example: A politician often needs the gift of the gab to win over the crowd.

Therefore, the correct answer is: Option 4.

Additional Information

Here are the other options explained along with their Hindi meanings and example sentences:

• Habit of exaggerating stories (कहानियों को बढ़ा-चढ़ाकर पेश करने की आदत): Tendency to overstate or embellish events.
• Example: His habit of exaggerating stories often makes it hard to believe him.
• Power to make quick decisions (जल्दी निर्णय लेने की शक्ति): The ability to decide rapidly and effectively.
• Example: A good leader needs the power to make quick decisions in critical situations.
• Ability to cook well (अच्छा खाना पकाने की क्षमता): Skill in preparing delicious meals.
• Example: Her ability to cook well has made her popular among her friends.

The correct answer is Option 1.

 

Key Points

• The passage begins with an introduction to the significance of oceans, highlighting their vast coverage of Earth's surface and their importance in regulating temperature and climate.
• Part R is the first sentence as it emphasizes the role of oceans in regulating global temperature and climate:
• "Oceans regulate global temperature and climate."
• Part S follows as it elaborates on how oceans support human life:
• "They provide food and employment to millions."
• Part P is next as it highlights the significance of marine species in food chains:
• "Marine species are crucial for food chains."
• Part Q is the last as it introduces the threat posed by plastic waste to marine life, creating a sense of urgency for conservation:
• "But plastic waste threatens marine life."
• The correct sequence is RSPQ.

 

Coherent paragraph after rearrangement:

"Oceans cover more than 70% of Earth's surface. Oceans regulate global temperature and climate. They provide food and employment to millions. Marine species are crucial for food chains. But plastic waste threatens marine life. Ocean conservation must be prioritized."

The correct answer is Option 4.

 

Key Points

• The phrase "enough rich" is grammatically incorrect because the word "enough" should follow the adjective "rich."
• In English, the correct structure is "adjective + enough" to indicate sufficiency.
• Therefore, "rich enough" is the grammatically correct phrase.
• Options like "rich too much" or "too rich" convey a different meaning and do not fit the intended context.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 4.

 

Correct Sentence: "He is rich enough to buy a car."

 

Additional Information

• Option 1: "rich too much" – This phrase is grammatically incorrect and does not convey the intended meaning.
• Option 2: "sufficiently rich" – While this phrase is grammatically correct, it alters the intended tone of the sentence.
• Option 3: "too rich" – This conveys excess rather than sufficiency, which does not fit the context.

The correct answer is Option (3) i.e. ACBD

 

Key Points

• The sentence begins with the subject "the cat," which is correctly indicated by part (A).
• Following the subject, "is" (C) connects the subject with the action, making the sentence grammatically correct.
• The next part "sleeping" (B) describes the action of the cat.
• Ending with "under the table" (D) provides the location, completing the sentence meaningfully.

Therefore, the correct answer is ACBD.

 

Additional Information

• Option 1 (ABDC): This option starts with "the cat sleeping under the table is," which disrupts the logical flow and creates a grammatically incorrect sentence.
• Option 2 (ADBC): This option starts with "the cat under the table sleeping is," which creates a fragmented and confusing sentence structure.
• Option 4 (ADCB): This option starts with "the cat under the table is sleeping," which incorrectly places the location before the verb.

The correct answer is: Morgue.

Key Points

• The word "Morgue" refers to a place where dead bodies are kept temporarily, especially before identification or burial. (मुर्दाघर)
• Example: The police transported the unidentified body to the morgue for further investigation.
• "Dead bodies" are often stored in a morgue for medical examination or identification purposes. (मृत शरीर)
• Example: After the accident, the victims' bodies were shifted to the morgue for autopsy.

Therefore, the correct answer is: Morgue.

Additional Information

Here are the other options explained along with their Hindi meanings and example sentences:

• Dispensary (औषधालय): A place where medicines and medical treatment are provided.
• Example: She went to the dispensary to get medicine for her cold.
• Crematorium (श्मशान): A place where dead bodies are cremated.
• Example: The family gathered at the crematorium for the final rites.
• Graveyard (कब्रिस्तान): A burial ground where dead bodies are interred.
• Example: The old graveyard is located at the edge of the village.