SSC Combined Graduate Level (CGL) · Topic Collection

English Comprehension PYQs

Reading comprehension, vocabulary, synonyms and antonyms, idiom usage, error spotting, sentence improvement, and cloze tests.

7100 Total Questions284 Official PapersYears: 2017–2025Search in English Comprehension
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SSC CGL 2025 (Held On: 18 Sept, 2025 Shift 3) (Previous Year Paper)·English Comprehension
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Question 501

SSC Combined Graduate Level (CGL) 2025• English Comprehension• English Comprehension

Select the most appropriate synonym of the given word: COMPLAISANT

  1. AOption (a)

    Insecure

  2. BOption (b)

    Anxious

  3. COption (c)

    Alert

  4. DOption (d)

    Submissive

View answer & explanation

Correct answer

Answer: (d)D.

Submissive

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is 'Option 4' i.e. 'Submissive'.

Key Points

  • The word "Complaisant" means willing to please others or agree with them excessively; overly polite or obliging. (अत्यधिक खुशामदी / प्रसन्न करने वाला)
  • Example: He gave a complaisant smile and agreed to every demand without protest.
  • "Submissive" refers to someone ready to conform or yield to the authority or will of others; obedient. (आज्ञाकारी / अधीनस्थ)
  • Example: She remained submissive and accepted all the instructions without questioning them.
  • Both words convey the idea of being overly agreeable or yielding, making 'Submissive' the closest synonym of 'Complaisant'.

Therefore, the correct answer is- Submissive.

Additional Information

  • Insecure (असुरक्षित): Lacking confidence or assurance.
  • Example: He felt insecure about his performance in the interview.
  • Anxious (चिंतित): Feeling worried, nervous, or uneasy.
  • Example: She was anxious about the upcoming examination.
  • Alert (सतर्क): Quick to notice and respond to danger or opportunities.
  • Example: The guard remained alert throughout the night.
SSC CGL 2025 (Held On: 18 Sept, 2025 Shift 3) (Previous Year Paper)·English Comprehension
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Question 502

SSC Combined Graduate Level (CGL) 2025• English Comprehension• English Comprehension

Select the most appropriate antonym of the given word. Opprobrium

  1. AOption (a)

    Disgrace

  2. BOption (b)

    Contempt

  3. COption (c)

    Honor

  4. DOption (d)

    Censure

View answer & explanation

Correct answer

Answer: (c)C.

Honor

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is 'Option 3' i.e. 'Honor'.

Key Points

  • The word "Opprobrium" means harsh criticism, public disgrace, or shame. (निंदा / अपमान)
  • Example: The corrupt official faced public opprobrium after the scandal was exposed.
  • "Honor" refers to high respect, esteem, or public recognition of integrity and achievement. (सम्मान / आदर)
  • Example: She received great honor for her contribution to society.
  • Since opprobrium signifies disgrace and shame, its opposite would be honor, which signifies respect and admiration.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 3.

Additional Information

Here are the other options explained along with their Hindi meanings and example sentences:

  • Disgrace (अपमान): Loss of respect or reputation.
  • Example: His actions brought disgrace to the entire team.
  • Contempt (तिरस्कार): The feeling that someone or something is worthless or beneath consideration.
  • Example: She looked at the proposal with contempt.
  • Censure (निंदा): Formal expression of strong disapproval.
  • Example: The manager faced censure for violating company policies.
SSC CGL 2025 (Held On: 18 Sept, 2025 Shift 3) (Previous Year Paper)·English Comprehension
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Question 503

SSC Combined Graduate Level (CGL) 2025• English Comprehension• English Comprehension

Choose the correct meaning of idiom: The sword of Damocles

  1. AOption (a)

    A pleasant illusion

  2. BOption (b)

    A constant threat hanging over someone

  3. COption (c)

    A royal invitation

  4. DOption (d)

    A wise judgment

View answer & explanation

Correct answer

Answer: (b)B.

A constant threat hanging over someone

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is 'Option 2' i.e. 'A constant threat hanging over someone'.

Key Points

  • The idiom "The sword of Damocles" refers to a constant and imminent danger or threat hanging over someone. (सिर पर लटकता हुआ खतरा)
  • Example: The fear of losing his job hung over him like the sword of Damocles.
  • "A constant threat hanging over someone" means a situation where danger or trouble is always present and may strike at any time. (लगातार बना रहने वाला खतरा)
  • Example: The heavy debt was a constant threat hanging over the family’s future.
  • Thus, the idiom clearly conveys the idea of ever-present danger or risk.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 2.

Additional Information

  • A pleasant illusion (सुखद भ्रम): Something that appears attractive but is not real.
  • Example: The promise of easy success turned out to be a pleasant illusion.
  • A royal invitation (राजसी निमंत्रण): An invitation from a king or royal authority.
  • Example: He felt honored to receive a royal invitation to the ceremony.
  • A wise judgment (बुद्धिमत्तापूर्ण निर्णय): A decision made with good sense and understanding.
  • Example: The judge delivered a wise judgment after carefully reviewing the case.
SSC CGL 2025 (Held On: 18 Sept, 2025 Shift 3) (Previous Year Paper)·English Comprehension
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Question 504

SSC Combined Graduate Level (CGL) 2025• English Comprehension• English Comprehension

Choose the correct meaning of idiom:

Keeps a good table

  1. AOption (a)

    Serves generous and high-quality meals

  2. BOption (b)

    Maintains a disciplined home

  3. COption (c)

    Follows religious rules strictly

  4. DOption (d)

    Provides food to the poor regularly

View answer & explanation

Correct answer

Answer: (a)A.

Serves generous and high-quality meals

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is 'Option 1' i.e. 'Serves generous and high-quality meals'.

Key Points

  • The idiom "Keeps a good table" means to provide plentiful and excellent food to guests. (अच्छा भोजन परोसना / उत्तम आतिथ्य करना)
  • Example: My grandmother keeps a good table; every guest leaves the house satisfied and happy.
  • "Serves generous and high-quality meals" refers to offering abundant and delicious food with warm hospitality. (उदार और उत्तम भोजन परोसना)
  • Example: The host served generous and high-quality meals during the festival celebration.
  • Thus, the idiom clearly conveys the idea of excellent hospitality through food.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 1.

Additional Information

  • Maintains a disciplined home (अनुशासित घर बनाए रखना): Keeping order and rules strictly in the household.
  • Example: She maintains a disciplined home where everyone follows a routine.
  • Follows religious rules strictly (धार्मिक नियमों का कड़ाई से पालन करना): Observing religious customs carefully.
  • Example: He follows religious rules strictly during the holy month.
  • Provides food to the poor regularly (गरीबों को नियमित रूप से भोजन देना): Offering charity in the form of meals.
  • Example: The organization provides food to the poor regularly as part of its mission.
SSC CGL 2025 (Held On: 18 Sept, 2025 Shift 3) (Previous Year Paper)·English Comprehension
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Question 505

SSC Combined Graduate Level (CGL) 2025• English Comprehension• English Comprehension

Which is the correct spelling of a word meaning 'clever or skillful'?

  1. AOption (a)

    Adept

  2. BOption (b)

    Adapt

  3. COption (c)

    Addept

  4. DOption (d)

    Adeptt

View answer & explanation

Correct answer

Answer: (a)A.

Adept

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is 'Option 1' i.e. 'Adept'.

Key Points

  • The word "Adept" means highly skilled or proficient at something. (कुशल / निपुण)
  • Example: She is adept at solving complex mathematical problems.
  • "Adept" correctly conveys the meaning of being clever or skillful in a particular field. (कुशल व्यक्ति)
  • Example: He became adept in public speaking after years of practice.
  • The other options are either incorrect spellings or have different meanings.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 1.

Additional Information

  • Adapt (अनुकूलित करना): To adjust or modify according to new conditions.
  • Example: Animals adapt to their environment over time.
  • Addept: Incorrect spelling; no meaning in standard English.
  • Adeptt: Incorrect spelling of "Adept".
SSC CGL 2025 (Held On: 18 Sept, 2025 Shift 3) (Previous Year Paper)·English Comprehension
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Question 506

SSC Combined Graduate Level (CGL) 2025• English Comprehension• English Comprehension

Choose the correct one-word substitution for: 'One who lives entirely for pleasure'.

  1. AOption (a)

    Hermit

  2. BOption (b)

    Reveler

  3. COption (c)

    Glutton

  4. DOption (d)

    Epicure

View answer & explanation

Correct answer

Answer: (d)D.

Epicure

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is 'Option 4' i.e. 'Epicure'.

Key Points

  • The phrase "One who lives entirely for pleasure" refers to a person devoted to enjoyment and luxurious living. (जो केवल सुख के लिए जीता है)
  • Example: He spent his wealth on parties and luxuries, living only for pleasure.
  • "Epicure" means a person who takes special pleasure in fine food, drink, and luxurious living; someone devoted to enjoyment. (भोग-विलासी / विलासी व्यक्ति)
  • Example: As an epicure, she always searched for the finest cuisines in every city she visited.
  • Thus, 'Epicure' is the most appropriate one-word substitution.

Therefore, the correct answer is- Epicure.

Additional Information

  • Hermit (संन्यासी / एकांतवासी): A person who lives alone away from society.
  • Example: The hermit lived quietly in a cave in the mountains.
  • Reveler (आनंद मनाने वाला): A person who enjoys lively festivities.
  • Example: The revelers danced all night at the festival.
  • Glutton (पेटू): A person who eats excessively.
  • Example: He was called a glutton because he always overate at parties.
SSC CGL 2025 (Held On: 18 Sept, 2025 Shift 3) (Previous Year Paper)·English Comprehension
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Question 507

SSC Combined Graduate Level (CGL) 2025• English Comprehension• English Comprehension

Choose the correct one-word substitution for: 'A person who believes in fate or destiny'.

  1. AOption (a)

    Dreamer

  2. BOption (b)

    Realist

  3. COption (c)

    Idealist

  4. DOption (d)

    Fatalist

View answer & explanation

Correct answer

Answer: (d)D.

Fatalist

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is 'Option 4' i.e. 'Fatalist'.

Key Points

  • The phrase "A person who believes in fate or destiny" refers to someone who thinks that events are predetermined and beyond human control. (जो भाग्य या नियति में विश्वास करता है)
  • Example: He accepted the failure calmly, believing it was destined to happen.
  • "Fatalist" means a person who believes that all events are decided in advance and are inevitable. (भाग्यवादि)
  • Example: As a fatalist, she believed that whatever happens is already written in destiny.
  • Thus, 'Fatalist' is the most appropriate one-word substitution.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 4.

Additional Information

  • Dreamer (स्वप्नदर्शी): A person who has impractical ideas or imagines things.
  • Example: He is a dreamer who always thinks about impossible goals.
  • Realist (यथार्थवादी): A person who accepts situations as they are and deals with them practically.
  • Example: She is a realist and always plans according to practical possibilities.
  • Idealist (आदर्शवादी): A person guided by high ideals rather than practical considerations.
  • Example: The young leader was an idealist who believed in creating a perfect society.
SSC CGL 2025 (Held On: 18 Sept, 2025 Shift 3) (Previous Year Paper)·English Comprehension
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Question 508

SSC Combined Graduate Level (CGL) 2025• English Comprehension• English Comprehension

Select the appropriate word form:

The policy's lack of clarity led to widespread ____.

  1. AOption (a)

    confuse

  2. BOption (b)

    confusing

  3. COption (c)

    confusion

  4. DOption (d)

    confused

View answer & explanation

Correct answer

Answer: (c)C.

confusion

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is 'Option 3' i.e. 'Confusion'.

Key Points

  • The sentence requires a noun after the adjective "widespread".
  • The word "Confusion" means a state of being unclear or bewildered. (भ्रम / उलझन)
  • Example: The sudden announcement caused confusion among the employees.
  • "Confusion" correctly completes the sentence as it fits grammatically and contextually. (भ्रम की स्थिति)
  • Example: The unclear instructions led to confusion in the classroom.
  • Thus, the correct word form required is the noun 'Confusion'.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 3.

Additional Information

  • Confuse (भ्रमित करना): A verb meaning to make someone unable to think clearly.
  • Example: The difficult question confused the students.
  • Confusing (भ्रमित करने वाला): An adjective meaning causing confusion.
  • Example: The instructions were confusing and hard to follow.
  • Confused (भ्रमित): An adjective describing someone who is unable to think clearly.
  • Example: She looked confused after hearing the explanation.
SSC CGL 2025 (Held On: 18 Sept, 2025 Shift 3) (Previous Year Paper)·English Comprehension
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Question 509

SSC Combined Graduate Level (CGL) 2025• English Comprehension• English Comprehension

Select the correct option:

She arrived at the interview ten minutes early, ___ showed professionalism.

  1. AOption (a)

    what

  2. BOption (b)

    which

  3. COption (c)

    that

  4. DOption (d)

    this

View answer & explanation

Correct answer

Answer: (b)B.

which

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is 'Option 2' i.e. 'Which'.

Key Points

  • The blank requires a relative pronoun to refer to the entire preceding clause.
  • The word "Which" is used to introduce a non-defining relative clause referring to a whole statement. (जो / जिसने)
  • Example: He forgot his passport, which caused a delay at the airport.
  • In the given sentence, "which" correctly refers to the act of arriving early and connects it to the result of showing professionalism.
  • Thus, 'Which' is grammatically and contextually correct.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 2.

Additional Information

  • What (क्या / जो चीज): Used to introduce noun clauses, not relative clauses after a comma.
  • Example: I don’t know what she wants.
  • That (कि / जो): Used in defining clauses and generally not used after a comma.
  • Example: The book that you gave me is interesting.
  • This (यह): A demonstrative pronoun, not suitable for joining clauses in this structure.
  • Example: This is my favorite movie.
SSC CGL 2025 (Held On: 18 Sept, 2025 Shift 3) (Previous Year Paper)·English Comprehension
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Question 510

SSC Combined Graduate Level (CGL) 2025• English Comprehension• English Comprehension

Find the part of the sentence that contains an error:

The CEO demanded that the report is submitted (1)/ to the board (2)/ not later than Wednesday afternoon (3)/ for immediate evaluation. (4)/

  1. AOption (a)

    (1)

  2. BOption (b)

    (2)

  3. COption (c)

    (3)

  4. DOption (d)

    (4)

View answer & explanation

Correct answer

Answer: (a)A.

(1)

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is Option 1.

Key Points

  • The verb "demanded" is followed by a subjunctive clause.
  • In such constructions, we use the base form of the verb (without "is/was").
  • Therefore, "is submitted" is incorrect and should be replaced with "be submitted".
  • The correct structure is: demanded that + subject + base verb.

Correct sentence: The CEO demanded that the report be submitted to the board not later than Wednesday afternoon for immediate evaluation.

Additional Information

  • Part (2): "to the board" – Correct prepositional phrase.
  • Part (3): "not later than Wednesday afternoon" – Correct time expression.
  • Part (4): "for immediate evaluation" – Grammatically correct purpose phrase.
SSC CGL 2025 (Held On: 18 Sept, 2025 Shift 3) (Previous Year Paper)·English Comprehension
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Question 511

SSC Combined Graduate Level (CGL) 2025• English Comprehension• English Comprehension

Find the part of the sentence that contains an error:

No sooner had the proposal been circulated (1)/ that objections were raised (2)/ regarding its feasibility and financial implications (3)/ across all departments. (4)

  1. AOption (a)

    (1)

  2. BOption (b)

    (2)

  3. COption (c)

    (3)

  4. DOption (d)

    (4)

View answer & explanation

Correct answer

Answer: (b)B.

(2)

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is 'Option 2'

Key Points

  • The correlative conjunction "No sooner... than" is the correct grammatical structure.
  • It is incorrect to use "that" after "No sooner".
  • The sentence uses inversion ("had the proposal been circulated"), which is correct.
  • Therefore, "that" in part (2) should be replaced with "than".

Correct sentence: No sooner had the proposal been circulated than objections were raised regarding its feasibility and financial implications across all departments.

Additional Information

  • Part (1): Correct use of inversion after "No sooner".
  • Part (3): Grammatically correct prepositional phrase.
  • Part (4): Correct concluding phrase modifying the entire clause.
SSC CGL 2025 (Held On: 18 Sept, 2025 Shift 3) (Previous Year Paper)·English Comprehension
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Question 512

SSC Combined Graduate Level (CGL) 2025• English Comprehension• English Comprehension

Change the following from active to passive:

They feed the animals twice a day.

  1. AOption (a)

    The animals are fed twice a day.

  2. BOption (b)

    The animals were fed twice a day.

  3. COption (c)

    The animals are being fed twice a day.

  4. DOption (d)

    The animals have been fed twice a day.

View answer & explanation

Correct answer

Answer: (a)A.

The animals are fed twice a day.

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is 'Option 1' i.e. The animals are fed twice a day.

Key Points

  • The given sentence is in the Simple Present Tense: "They feed the animals."
  • In passive voice, the structure becomes: Object + is/am/are + past participle.
  • The object "the animals" becomes the subject in passive form.
  • The correct passive form is "are fed" because "animals" is plural.

Correct sentence: The animals are fed twice a day.

Additional Information

  • Option 2: "were fed" – This is in the past tense, which changes the original meaning.
  • Option 3: "are being fed" – This is present continuous passive, not simple present.
  • Option 4: "have been fed" – This is present perfect passive, which does not match the original tense.
SSC CGL 2025 (Held On: 18 Sept, 2025 Shift 3) (Previous Year Paper)·English Comprehension
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Question 513

SSC Combined Graduate Level (CGL) 2025• English Comprehension• English Comprehension

Select the sentence containing the homonym of the highlighted word:

The cleric wore a silk amice over his alb during the liturgy.

  1. AOption (a)

    The altar server retrieved the amice from the vestry.

  2. BOption (b)

    The novelist described her protagonist's scarf as an amice.

  3. COption (c)

    The bishop adjusted the amice before the blessing.

  4. DOption (d)

    The amice was embroidered with gold thread.

View answer & explanation

Correct answer

Answer: (b)B.

The novelist described her protagonist's scarf as an amice.

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is 'Option 2' i.e. 'The novelist described her protagonist's scarf as an amice.'.

Key Points

  • The word "amice" refers to a white liturgical vestment worn around the neck and shoulders by clergy. (धार्मिक वस्त्र)
  • Example: The priest carefully placed the amice over his shoulders before the ceremony began.
  • A homonym is a word that has the same spelling or pronunciation but a different meaning.
  • In Option 2, "amice" is used to refer to a scarf or garment, showing a different contextual meaning from the religious vestment. (दुपट्टा / स्कार्फ जैसा वस्त्र)
  • Example: The designer called the decorative scarf an amice in her fashion collection.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 2.

Additional Information

  • Option 1: Refers to the same religious vestment. (धार्मिक वस्त्र)
  • Example: The amice was kept safely in the vestry.
  • Option 3: Again refers to the same clerical garment. (धार्मिक वस्त्र)
  • Example: The bishop adjusted his amice before starting the prayer.
  • Option 4: Describes the same liturgical vestment. (धार्मिक वस्त्र)
  • Example: The amice was beautifully embroidered for the special service.
SSC CGL 2025 (Held On: 18 Sept, 2025 Shift 3) (Previous Year Paper)·English Comprehension
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Question 514

SSC Combined Graduate Level (CGL) 2025• English Comprehension• English Comprehension

Convert the sentence provided below from its passive voice structure to an active voice structure:

The draft is understood to have been reviewed by the legal department last week.

  1. AOption (a)

    The legal department is understood to have reviewed the draft last week.

  2. BOption (b)

    The draft was reviewed last week, as is understood.

  3. COption (c)

    It was understood the legal team is reviewing the draft.

  4. DOption (d)

    The draft understood itself to be reviewed.

View answer & explanation

Correct answer

Answer: (a)A.

The legal department is understood to have reviewed the draft last week.

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is 'Option 1' i.e. 'The legal department is understood to have reviewed the draft last week.'.

Key Points

  • The given sentence is in passive voice with the structure: Subject + is understood + to have been + past participle + by + agent.
  • To convert it into active voice, the agent ("the legal department") becomes the subject of the sentence.
  • The verb phrase changes from "to have been reviewed" to "to have reviewed", removing the passive construction.
  • Thus, the correct active structure is: The legal department is understood to have reviewed the draft last week.

Correct sentence: The legal department is understood to have reviewed the draft last week.

Additional Information

  • Option 2: Remains passive in meaning and does not properly convert the structure.
  • Option 3: Changes the tense and meaning; grammatically incorrect construction.
  • Option 4: Grammatically incorrect and illogical sentence.
SSC CGL 2025 (Held On: 18 Sept, 2025 Shift 3) (Previous Year Paper)·English Comprehension
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Question 515

SSC Combined Graduate Level (CGL) 2025• English Comprehension• English Comprehension

Choose the most suitable option to replace the highlighted part of the sentence:

He is having a car for five years.

  1. AOption (a)

    has

  2. BOption (b)

    had

  3. COption (c)

    has had

  4. DOption (d)

    is having

View answer & explanation

Correct answer

Answer: (c)C.

has had

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is 'Option 3' i.e. 'has had'.

Key Points

  • The phrase "for five years" indicates a duration that started in the past and continues to the present.
  • For such situations, we use the Present Perfect Tense: has/have + past participle.
  • "Has had" is the correct present perfect form of the verb "have". (रखा है / से है)
  • Example: She has had this job for three years.

Correct sentence: He has had a car for five years.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 3.

Additional Information

  • Option 1: has – Simple present tense; does not indicate duration from past to present. (है)
  • Option 2: had – Simple past tense; refers to a completed action in the past. (था)
  • Option 4: is having – Present continuous; generally not used with stative verbs like "have" for possession. (रख रहा है)
SSC CGL 2025 (Held On: 18 Sept, 2025 Shift 3) (Previous Year Paper)·English Comprehension
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Question 516

SSC Combined Graduate Level (CGL) 2025• English Comprehension• English Comprehension

Choose the most suitable option to replace the highlighted part of the sentence:

He worked very hard lest he may fail.

  1. AOption (a)

    in order that he does not fail

  2. BOption (b)

    for not failing

  3. COption (c)

    lest he should fail

  4. DOption (d)

    so that he did not fail

View answer & explanation

Correct answer

Answer: (c)C.

lest he should fail

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is 'Option 3' i.e. 'lest he should fail'.

Key Points

  • The conjunction "lest" is used to express fear that something might happen. (ऐसा न हो कि)
  • After "lest", we use "should + base verb", not "may".
  • Therefore, "lest he may fail" is grammatically incorrect.
  • Correct structure: Lest + subject + should + verb.
  • Example: She spoke softly lest she should wake the baby.

Correct sentence: He worked very hard lest he should fail.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 3.

Additional Information

  • Option 1: "in order that he does not fail" – Incorrect tense usage after past verb "worked".
  • Option 2: "for not failing" – Grammatically incorrect and does not convey the intended meaning.
  • Option 4: "so that he did not fail" – Changes the meaning to a completed result rather than expressing fear.
SSC CGL 2025 (Held On: 18 Sept, 2025 Shift 3) (Previous Year Paper)·English Comprehension
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Question 517

SSC Combined Graduate Level (CGL) 2025• English Comprehension• English Comprehension

Read the following passage and answer the questions based on the passage :

In the tapestry of human civilization, communication functions as the warp thread—a foundational axis around which all societal patterns are woven. Far from being a mere conduit of information, communication embodies the dynamic interplay of perception, cognition, intention, and empathy. The profound necessity of communication arises not solely from the need to disseminate knowledge or coordinate actions, but from the imperative to construct meaning, cultivate understanding, and negotiate the complex terrain of human relationships. Historically, communication has been the catalytic force behind societal transformation—from the oral traditions that preserved mythological cosmologies to the written word that enabled legal systems and codified morality. The printing press, the telegraph, and now digital media are not just technological milestones; they are paradigmatic shifts in the communicative capacity of humankind. Each advancement has not only expanded the velocity and reach of messages but has also redefined the epistemological contours of truth, authority, and discourse. At the interpersonal level, communication is far from unidirectional. It encompasses verbal, non-verbal, and paralinguistic dimensions that function in concert to convey nuance and intention. Eye contact, silence, body posture, and even prosody become carriers of latent meaning—often transcending the spoken word. The failure to decode or acknowledge these layers frequently leads to misapprehension, conflict, or alienation. Thus, effective communication is not merely the transmission of speech, but the art of calibrated expression and attentive reception. In professional and organizational contexts, the strategic deployment of communication is pivotal. It determines leadership efficacy, influences team cohesion, and governs decision-making processes. Hierarchical structures often obfuscate open communication, resulting in informational asymmetries and the erosion of institutional trust. In contrast, , dialogic, and inclusive communication frameworks nurture a culture of accountability and innovation. Cultural semiotics also shape communication, embedding within language a constellation of values, assumptions, and power dynamics. What is deemed assertive in one cultural matrix may be interpreted as aggressive in another. Consequently, intercultural communication necessitates a heightened awareness of contextual sensitivity, linguistic pluralism, and implicit biases. In an era marked by algorithmic echo chambers and hyper-mediated realities, the ethical imperative of responsible communication becomes paramount. The virality of misinformation, the commodification of attention, and the erosion of discourse norms threaten the democratic fabric of societies. Hence, communicative competence today must be coupled with critical media literacy, epistemic humility, and ethical discernment. Ultimately, communication is not ancillary to human existence—it is constitutive of it. To communicate is to assert presence, to co-create reality, and to engage in the continuous reconstitution of the social world. In its highest form, communication becomes a moral act: a commitment to understanding, mutuality, and the transcendence of solipsism.

Which of the following best encapsulates the primary thesis of the passage?

  1. AOption (a)

    Communication is a tool for fast information delivery.

  2. BOption (b)

    It is an act of linguistic persuasion.

  3. COption (c)

    Communication is foundational to constructing shared human realities.

  4. DOption (d)

    It functions primarily as a cultural symbol across civilizations.

View answer & explanation

Correct answer

Answer: (c)C.

Communication is foundational to constructing shared human realities.

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is Option 3: Communication is foundational to constructing shared human realities.

 

Key Points

  • The passage argues that communication is not merely a medium of information but is constitutive of human existence and social reality.
  • It emphasizes communication as a process of constructing meaning, negotiating relationships, and co-creating shared realities.
  • Technological, cultural, interpersonal, and ethical dimensions are all discussed to reinforce its foundational role in shaping societies.
  • The concluding paragraph explicitly states that communication is central to the continuous reconstitution of the social world.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 3.

 

Additional Information

  • Option 1 – The passage explicitly rejects the idea that communication is merely about fast information delivery.
  • Option 2 – While persuasion may be one function of communication, it is not the central thesis presented.
  • Option 4 – Although cultural aspects are discussed, communication is portrayed as far more foundational than simply a cultural symbol.
SSC CGL 2025 (Held On: 18 Sept, 2025 Shift 3) (Previous Year Paper)·English Comprehension
View full paper

Question 518

SSC Combined Graduate Level (CGL) 2025• English Comprehension• English Comprehension

Read the following passage and answer the questions based on the passage :

In the tapestry of human civilization, communication functions as the warp thread—a foundational axis around which all societal patterns are woven. Far from being a mere conduit of information, communication embodies the dynamic interplay of perception, cognition, intention, and empathy. The profound necessity of communication arises not solely from the need to disseminate knowledge or coordinate actions, but from the imperative to construct meaning, cultivate understanding, and negotiate the complex terrain of human relationships. Historically, communication has been the catalytic force behind societal transformation—from the oral traditions that preserved mythological cosmologies to the written word that enabled legal systems and codified morality. The printing press, the telegraph, and now digital media are not just technological milestones; they are paradigmatic shifts in the communicative capacity of humankind. Each advancement has not only expanded the velocity and reach of messages but has also redefined the epistemological contours of truth, authority, and discourse. At the interpersonal level, communication is far from unidirectional. It encompasses verbal, non-verbal, and paralinguistic dimensions that function in concert to convey nuance and intention. Eye contact, silence, body posture, and even prosody become carriers of latent meaning—often transcending the spoken word. The failure to decode or acknowledge these layers frequently leads to misapprehension, conflict, or alienation. Thus, effective communication is not merely the transmission of speech, but the art of calibrated expression and attentive reception. In professional and organizational contexts, the strategic deployment of communication is pivotal. It determines leadership efficacy, influences team cohesion, and governs decision-making processes. Hierarchical structures often obfuscate open communication, resulting in informational asymmetries and the erosion of institutional trust. In contrast, transparent, dialogic, and inclusive communication frameworks nurture a culture of accountability and innovation. Cultural semiotics also shape communication, embedding within language a constellation of values, assumptions, and power dynamics. What is deemed assertive in one cultural matrix may be interpreted as aggressive in another. Consequently, intercultural communication necessitates a heightened awareness of contextual sensitivity, linguistic pluralism, and implicit biases. In an era marked by algorithmic echo chambers and hyper-mediated realities, the ethical imperative of responsible communication becomes paramount. The virality of misinformation, the commodification of attention, and the erosion of discourse norms threaten the democratic fabric of societies. Hence, communicative competence today must be coupled with critical media literacy, epistemic humility, and ethical discernment. Ultimately, communication is not ancillary to human existence—it is constitutive of it. To communicate is to assert presence, to co-create reality, and to engage in the continuous reconstitution of the social world. In its highest form, communication becomes a moral act: a commitment to understanding, mutuality, and the transcendence of solipsism.

In the context of intercultural communication, what is implied by the phrase “constellation of values”?

  1. AOption (a)

    Cultures are astronomically defined.

  2. BOption (b)

    Values are isolated and static in different cultures.

  3. COption (c)

    Communication patterns are random across cultures.

  4. DOption (d)

    Communication carries embedded assumptions and norms shaped by culture.

View answer & explanation

Correct answer

Answer: (d)D.

Communication carries embedded assumptions and norms shaped by culture.

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is Option 4: Communication carries embedded assumptions and norms shaped by culture.

 

Key Points

  • The phrase “constellation of values” metaphorically suggests a cluster or interconnected system of beliefs and assumptions embedded within language.
  • The passage explains that cultural semiotics shape communication, embedding values, power dynamics, and norms within expressions.
  • It highlights how what is perceived as assertive in one culture may be interpreted as aggressive in another, showing culturally shaped assumptions.
  • Thus, communication is not neutral but carries implicit cultural meanings and normative frameworks.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 4.

 

Additional Information

  • Option 1 – The phrase is metaphorical, not literal; it does not refer to astronomy.
  • Option 2 – The passage suggests interconnected and dynamic values, not isolated or static ones.
  • Option 3 – Communication patterns are culturally structured, not random.
SSC CGL 2025 (Held On: 18 Sept, 2025 Shift 3) (Previous Year Paper)·English Comprehension
View full paper

Question 519

SSC Combined Graduate Level (CGL) 2025• English Comprehension• English Comprehension

Read the following passage and answer the questions based on the passage :

In the tapestry of human civilization, communication functions as the warp thread—a foundational axis around which all societal patterns are woven. Far from being a mere conduit of information, communication embodies the dynamic interplay of perception, cognition, intention, and empathy. The profound necessity of communication arises not solely from the need to disseminate knowledge or coordinate actions, but from the imperative to construct meaning, cultivate understanding, and negotiate the complex terrain of human relationships. Historically, communication has been the catalytic force behind societal transformation—from the oral traditions that preserved mythological cosmologies to the written word that enabled legal systems and codified morality. The printing press, the telegraph, and now digital media are not just technological milestones; they are paradigmatic shifts in the communicative capacity of humankind. Each advancement has not only expanded the velocity and reach of messages but has also redefined the epistemological contours of truth, authority, and discourse. At the interpersonal level, communication is far from unidirectional. It encompasses verbal, non-verbal, and paralinguistic dimensions that function in concert to convey nuance and intention. Eye contact, silence, body posture, and even prosody become carriers of latent meaning—often transcending the spoken word. The failure to decode or acknowledge these layers frequently leads to misapprehension, conflict, or alienation. Thus, effective communication is not merely the transmission of speech, but the art of calibrated expression and attentive reception. In professional and organizational contexts, the strategic deployment of communication is pivotal. It determines leadership efficacy, influences team cohesion, and governs decision-making processes. Hierarchical structures often obfuscate open communication, resulting in informational asymmetries and the erosion of institutional trust. In contrast, transparent, dialogic, and inclusive communication frameworks nurture a culture of accountability and innovation. Cultural semiotics also shape communication, embedding within language a constellation of values, assumptions, and power dynamics. What is deemed assertive in one cultural matrix may be interpreted as aggressive in another. Consequently, intercultural communication necessitates a heightened awareness of contextual sensitivity, linguistic pluralism, and implicit biases. In an era marked by algorithmic echo chambers and hyper-mediated realities, the ethical imperative of responsible communication becomes paramount. The virality of misinformation, the commodification of attention, and the erosion of discourse norms threaten the democratic fabric of societies. Hence, communicative competence today must be coupled with critical media literacy, epistemic humility, and ethical discernment. Ultimately, communication is not ancillary to human existence—it is constitutive of it. To communicate is to assert presence, to co-create reality, and to engage in the continuous reconstitution of the social world. In its highest form, communication becomes a moral act: a commitment to understanding, mutuality, and the transcendence of solipsism.

According to the passage, what role do non-verbal cues primarily serve in interpersonal communication?

  1. AOption (a)

    They replace verbal communication entirely.

  2. BOption (b)

    They act as secondary embellishments.

  3. COption (c)

    They convey subtle or latent meanings often missed by verbal speech.

  4. DOption (d)

    They are irrelevant in professional contexts.

View answer & explanation

Correct answer

Answer: (c)C.

They convey subtle or latent meanings often missed by verbal speech.

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is Option 3: They convey subtle or latent meanings often missed by verbal speech.

 

Key Points

  • The passage states that communication includes verbal, non-verbal, and paralinguistic dimensions functioning together.
  • It emphasizes that eye contact, silence, posture, and prosody act as carriers of latent meaning, often transcending spoken words.
  • The failure to decode these cues leads to misapprehension or conflict, highlighting their significance.
  • Thus, non-verbal cues primarily convey subtle or nuanced meanings beyond explicit speech.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 3.

 

Additional Information

  • Option 1 – The passage does not suggest replacement of verbal communication, but complementarity.
  • Option 2 – They are not mere embellishments; they carry essential meaning.
  • Option 4 – The passage implies their relevance across contexts, including professional environments.
SSC CGL 2025 (Held On: 18 Sept, 2025 Shift 3) (Previous Year Paper)·English Comprehension
View full paper

Question 520

SSC Combined Graduate Level (CGL) 2025• English Comprehension• English Comprehension

Read the following passage and answer the questions based on the passage :

In the tapestry of human civilization, communication functions as the warp thread—a foundational axis around which all societal patterns are woven. Far from being a mere conduit of information, communication embodies the dynamic interplay of perception, cognition, intention, and empathy. The profound necessity of communication arises not solely from the need to disseminate knowledge or coordinate actions, but from the imperative to construct meaning, cultivate understanding, and negotiate the complex terrain of human relationships. Historically, communication has been the catalytic force behind societal transformation—from the oral traditions that preserved mythological cosmologies to the written word that enabled legal systems and codified morality. The printing press, the telegraph, and now digital media are not just technological milestones; they are paradigmatic shifts in the communicative capacity of humankind. Each advancement has not only expanded the velocity and reach of messages but has also redefined the epistemological contours of truth, authority, and discourse. At the interpersonal level, communication is far from unidirectional. It encompasses verbal, non-verbal, and paralinguistic dimensions that function in concert to convey nuance and intention. Eye contact, silence, body posture, and even prosody become carriers of latent meaning—often transcending the spoken word. The failure to decode or acknowledge these layers frequently leads to misapprehension, conflict, or alienation. Thus, effective communication is not merely the transmission of speech, but the art of calibrated expression and attentive reception. In professional and organizational contexts, the strategic deployment of communication is pivotal. It determines leadership efficacy, influences team cohesion, and governs decision-making processes. Hierarchical structures often obfuscate open communication, resulting in informational asymmetries and the erosion of institutional trust. In contrast, transparent, dialogic, and inclusive communication frameworks nurture a culture of accountability and innovation. Cultural semiotics also shape communication, embedding within language a constellation of values, assumptions, and power dynamics. What is deemed assertive in one cultural matrix may be interpreted as aggressive in another. Consequently, intercultural communication necessitates a heightened awareness of contextual sensitivity, linguistic pluralism, and implicit biases. In an era marked by algorithmic echo chambers and hyper-mediated realities, the ethical imperative of responsible communication becomes paramount. The virality of misinformation, the commodification of attention, and the erosion of discourse norms threaten the democratic fabric of societies. Hence, communicative competence today must be coupled with critical media literacy, epistemic humility, and ethical discernment. Ultimately, communication is not ancillary to human existence—it is constitutive of it. To communicate is to assert presence, to co-create reality, and to engage in the continuous reconstitution of the social world. In its highest form, communication becomes a moral act: a commitment to understanding, mutuality, and the transcendence of solipsism.

What does the passage suggest is the consequence of informational asymmetry within hierarchical institutions?

  1. AOption (a)

    Increased productivity due to streamlined authority.

  2. BOption (b)

    Erosion of institutional trust and communication breakdown.

  3. COption (c)

    Faster decision-making due to lack of dissent.

  4. DOption (d)

    Decentralization of organizational roles.

View answer & explanation

Correct answer

Answer: (b)B.

Erosion of institutional trust and communication breakdown.

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is Option 2: Erosion of institutional trust and communication breakdown.

 

Key Points

  • The passage states that hierarchical structures often obfuscate open communication.
  • This leads to informational asymmetries, where access to knowledge is unevenly distributed.
  • Such asymmetry results in the erosion of institutional trust, weakening organizational cohesion.
  • Thus, the consequence is not efficiency but communication breakdown and diminished trust.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 2.

 

Additional Information

  • Option 1 – The passage does not associate asymmetry with increased productivity.
  • Option 3 – While decisions may appear faster, the text highlights trust erosion, not efficiency gains.
  • Option 4 – There is no mention of decentralization as a consequence of asymmetry.

How should I prepare for English Comprehension in SSC Combined Graduate Level (CGL)?

Solving previous year questions by topic helps identify recurring concepts, question patterns, and frequently asked sub-topics. Attempt each question, review the step-by-step explanation, and note down key formulas or facts for quick revision before the exam.