SSC CGL 2023 Tier-I Official Paper (Held On: 20 Jul 2023 Shift 3) (Previous Year Paper)

Given:

32 ∶ 8 ∶∶ 72 ∶ 12 ∶∶ 128 ∶ ?

Logic: First number = [(Second number)² ÷ 2]

32 : 8 →

⇒ [(8)² ÷ 2]

⇒ (64 ÷ 2) = 32

72 : 12 →

⇒ [(12)2 ÷ 2]

⇒ (144 ÷ 2) = 72

Similarly, for '128 : ?' →

⇒ 128 = [(y)² ÷ 2]

⇒ (y)² = (128 × 2)

⇒ (y)2 = 256

⇒ y = 16

Here, '128 : 16' is the correct pair.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option (2)".

Statements:

All cricketers are wealthy.

Some wealthy are Indians.

All Indians are honest.

The Venn diagram as per the given statements:

Conclusions:

I. All Indians are cricketers. → Does not follow (Because there is no definite relation given between Indians and cricketers, so it can be possible only but not definitely true)

II. Some cricketers are honest. → Does not follow (Because there is no definite relation given between cricketers and honest, so it can be possible only but not definitely true)

Hence, the correct answer is "Neither conclusions I nor II follow".

Here, we use the BODMAS table given below:

Given:

⇒ 23 − 31 + 135 × 15 ÷ 16

As per the given data:

After putting the sign as per the table:

⇒ 23 × 31 - 135 ÷ 15 + 16

Apply BODMAS rule:

⇒ 23 × 31 - 9 + 16

⇒ 713 - 9 + 16

⇒ 729 - 9 = 720

⇒ '23 × 31 - 135 ÷ 15 + 16 = 720'

The value of the equation is '720'.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option (4)".

Preparing the family tree diagram by using the following symbol:

As per the given information:

1. L is the only male in the family, Z and L are in a marital relationship and P, M and A are their children.

Here, M is the daughter of Z.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option (4)".

Given:

5475, 1100, 225, 50, ?, 8, 6.6

Logic: Division by (5) and (5) is added.

Here, '15' is the next number.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option (2)".

The embedded part of this image is:

 

Hence, the correct answer is "Option (1)".

Here, we use the table given below:

Logic: 3 is added in all letter's positional values and written diagonally.

'BACKED' is coded as 'GHNFDE' →

'CLOSER' is coded as 'UHVROF' →

Similarly, 'JUNIOR' will be coded as: →

Here, 'JUNIOR' is coded as 'URLQXM'.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option (4)".

Given:

(4, 2, 18)

(1, 7, 24)

(5, 4, ?)

Logic: 'Row wise'

First row → Third number = [(First number + Second number**) × 3]**

First row (4, 2, 18) →

⇒ [(4 + 2) × 3]

⇒ (6 × 3) = 18

Second row (1, 7, 24) →

⇒ [(1 + 7) × 3]

⇒ (8 × 3) = 24

Similarly, for the third row (5, 4, ?) →

⇒ [(5 + 4) × 3]

⇒ (9 × 3) = 27

Here, the question mark(?) is replaced by 27.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option (2)".

Here, we use the BODMAS table given below:

Given:

⇒ 16 * 31 * 18 * 2 * 11 * 494

(1) −, ×, +, ÷, =

⇒ 16 * 31 * 18 * 2 * 11 * 494

After putting the signs:

⇒ 16 - 31 × 18 + 2 ÷ 11 = 494

Apply BODMAS rule:

⇒ 16 - 31 × 18 + 0.1818

⇒ 16 - 558 + 0.1818

⇒ 16.18 - 558 = (-541.82)

Here, the equation is not satisfied.

(2) ÷, +, −, ×, =

⇒ 16 * 31 * 18 * 2 * 11 * 494

After putting the signs:

⇒ 16 ÷ 31 + 18 - 2 × 11 = 494

Apply BODMAS rule:

⇒ 0.516 + 18 - 2 × 11

⇒ 0.516 + 18 - 22

⇒ 18.516 - 22 = 3.48

Here, the equation is not satisfied.

(3) +, −, ÷, ×, =

⇒ 16 * 31 * 18 * 2 * 11 * 494

After putting the signs:

⇒ 16 + 31 - 18 ÷ 2 × 11 = 494

Apply BODMAS rule:

⇒ 16 + 31 - 9 × 11

⇒ 16 + 31 - 99

⇒ 47 - 99 = (-52)

Here, the equation is not satisfied.

(4) ×, +, ÷, −, =

⇒ 16 * 31 * 18 * 2 * 11 * 494

After putting the signs:

⇒ 16 × 31 + 18 ÷ 2 - 11 = 494

Apply BODMAS rule:

⇒ 16 × 31 + 9 - 11

⇒ 496 + 9 - 11

⇒ 505 - 11 = 494

⇒ '16 × 31 + 18 ÷ 2 - 11 = 494'

Here, the equation is satisfied.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option (4)".

The logic followed in the given figure series is:

From Figure (1) to (2):

The symbols move as shown below.

From Figure (2) to (3):

The symbols move as shown below.

From Figure (3) to (4):

The symbols move as shown below.

From Figure (4) to Answer Figure (5):

The symbols move as shown below.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option (4)".

Given:

17, 24, 38, 59, 87,?

Logic: Addition of consecutive multiple of 7.

Here, '122' is the next number.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option (1)".

The mirror image of the given figure is:

Hence, the correct answer is "Option (3)".

The correct order of words as they would appear in the English dictionary is:

6. Penalize 2. Pendants 4. Pendulum

1. Penguins
2. Pentagon
3. Penthouse

The correct order is '6, 2, 4, 1, 5, 3'.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option (2)".

Given:

192 ∶ 24 ∶∶ 48 ∶ 12 ∶∶ 432 ∶ ?

Logic: First number = [(Second number ÷ 3) × Second number]

192 : 24 →

⇒[(24 ÷ 3) × 24]

⇒ (8 × 24) = 192

48 : 12 →

⇒[(12 ÷ 3) × 12]

⇒ (4 × 12) = 48

Similarly, for '432 : ?' →

⇒ [(y ÷ 3) × y] = 432

⇒ y² = 1296

⇒ y = 36

Here, '432 : 36' is the correct pair.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option (4)".

Here, we use the table given below:

Logic: Code is formed after 2 is subtracted from each letter's positional value.

'DGOUT' is written as '25131918' →

'RCQFM' is written as '16115411' →

Similarly, 'OVHPI' will be coded as:

Here, 'OVHPI' is coded as '13206147'.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option (3)".

The mirror image of the given figure is:

Hence, the correct answer is "Option (3)".

Given:

School : Principal → Principal is the head of the school.

Similarly,

Prison : Jailor → Jailor is the head of the prison.

Here, 'Prison : Jailor' is the correct pair.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option (4)".

Preparing the family tree diagram by using the following symbols:

As per the given data:

 

 

 

 

 

Given expression: 'S & Z $ F % B % E @ G'

S is the mother of Z, Z is the son of F, F is the brother of B, B is the brother of E and E is the father of G.

Checking all the options:

1. E is the sister of F. → Incorrect 2. Z is the son of E's brother. → Correct 3. S is the mother of G. → Incorrect 4. B is the maternal uncle of Z. → Incorrect

Hence, the correct answer is "Option (2)".

Given;

DMHR, AJEO, XGBL, ?, RAVF

Logic: 3 is subtracted from each letter's positional value.

Here, 'UDYI' is the missing term.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option (1)".

The embedded part of this image is:

Hence, the correct answer is "Option (1)".

The logic followed here is,

Logic: Both words are synonyms.

Let's check as per the logic,

Blank: Empty

→ Both are synonyms.

Similarly,

Void: ?

→ Void is the synonym of Vacuum.

Hence, the correct answer is "Vacuum".

The logic followed here is,

Logic: The cross sign is moving along the corners in clockwise direction.

In figure 1 & 2,

In figure 2 & 3,

In figure 3 & 4,

In figure 4 & 5,

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 1".

Let's check each option,

Here, we can see that Option 2 follows a repeating pattern of "ATSRD".

Hence, the correct answer is "ATSRTDAR".

The logic followed here is,

Logic: Second Number = (First Number)² + 2

Let's check each option as per the logic,

1) 19 ∶ 363

→ 363 = (19)² + 2

→ 363 = 361 + 2

→ 363 = 363

2) 13 ∶ 171

→ 171 = (13)2 + 2

→ 171 = 169 + 2

→ 171 = 171

3) 3 ∶ 17

→ 17 = (3)2 + 2

→ 17 = 9 + 2

→ 17 ≠ 11 → Doesn't satisfy the logic.

4) 7 ∶ 51

→ 51 = (7)2 + 2

→ 51 = 49 + 2

→ 51 = 51

Here, we can see that only Option 3 doesn't satisfy the logic.

Hence, the correct answer is "3 ∶ 17".

The logic followed here is,

Logic: The letters are coded as their positional values.

DEAF: 4516

KILL: 1191212

Similarly,

LORD: ?

Hence, the correct answer is "1215184".

The correct answer is Marchantia.

Key Points

• Liverworts:-
• These are non-vascular plants that belong to the phylum Hepatophyta.
• The umbrella-shaped structures that raise gametangia above the main gametophyte body are known as archegoniophores.
• These archegoniophores are found in the genus Marchantia.
• Marchantia:-
• It is a genus of liverworts, which are a type of non-vascular plant often found in moist and damp environments.
• Liverworts belong to the division Marchantiophyta and are some of the earliest land plants to have evolved.
• Marchantia liverworts are small, flat, and leafy plants that typically grow in low, spreading mats.
• They have a distinctive appearance with flattened, lobed structures that resemble tiny leaves.

Additional Information

• Polytrichum:-
• It​ also known as haircap moss, is a type of moss that forms dense cushions or tufts in moist habitats.
• Funaria:-
• It​ is also known as cord moss, is a common type of moss that is found in moist, shaded habitats.
• Sphagnum:-
• It is  also known as peat moss, is a type of moss that is found in wetlands and bogs and is known for its ability to store water.

The correct answer is 1966-1969.

Key Points

• Plan Holiday:-
• It​ was a break in the Five Year Plans of India, during which no new plan was launched.
• It was from 1966 to 1969 when the third plan ended and the fourth plan began.
• The break was taken to evaluate the progress of the previous plans and to make necessary changes in the upcoming plan.
• The decision to take a Plan Holiday was made by the then Prime Minister of India, Indira Gandhi.
• The Plan Holiday helped in improving the economy and reducing poverty in India.

Additional Information

• Five-Year Plans:-
• It refer to the country's series of comprehensive economic development strategies.
• The planning process was initiated by the Planning Commission (and later replaced by NITI Aayog).
• Each plan outlined the government's priorities, sectoral allocations, and development goals for a five-year period.
• The concept of five-year plans was popularized by the Soviet Union under Joseph Stalin's leadership. The Soviets used these plans to rapidly industrialize and develop the economy.

The correct answer is Mahatma Gandhi.

Key Points

• Mahatma Gandhi:-
• Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi, was a prominent leader of the Indian independence movement against British colonial rule.
• He is celebrated for his philosophy of nonviolent resistance, which he called "Satyagraha," and his tireless efforts to achieve social and political change through peaceful means.
• He attended the Second Round Table Conference.
• Second Round Table Conference:-
• It was held in London from September to December 1931.
• The conference was convened by the British government to discuss constitutional reforms in India.
• Mahatma Gandhi attended the conference as the sole representative of the Indian National Congress (INC).

Additional Information

• Subhash Chandra Bose:-
• Subhash Chandra Bose was not present at the Second Round Table Conference, which took place in 1931.
• He had been critical of the Congress's approach to negotiations with the British government and had resigned from his position in the Congress Working Committee before the conference.
• Sucheta Kripalani:-
• She​ was a prominent leader of the Indian independence movement, but she did not attend the Second Round Table Conference.

The correct answer is Rahul Dev Barman.

Key Points

• Rahul Dev Barman:-
• He was a versatile music composer who worked in Bollywood films from the 1960s to the 1990s.
• He is known for his unique style of blending Indian classical music with western music.
• He is known as "Pancham Da" in the music industry.

Additional Information

• Sachin Dev Barman:-
• He was Rahul Dev Barman's father and also a famous music composer.
• Kishore Kumar:-
• He was a playback singer and actor, not a music composer.
• Nitin Mukesh:-
• He is a playback singer.
• He is a son of Mukesh Kumar.

The correct answer is Nethra Kumanan.

Key Points

• Nethra Kumanan became the first Indian female sailor to qualify for the Olympics in April 2021.
• She qualified for the Tokyo 2020 Olympics in the Laser Radial event.
• This is a historic achievement for Indian sailing and for women in sports in India.
• Nethra Kumanan is from Tamil Nadu and started sailing at the age of 14.
• She has won several medals in national and international sailing competitions.
• Kumanan is also the first Indian woman to win a medal at the Hempel World Cup Series.

Additional Information

• Maana Patel
• Maana Patel is an Indian swimmer who specializes in backstroke events.
• She holds the distinction of being the first Indian female swimmer to qualify for the Olympics.
• Maana Patel represented India at the 2020 Tokyo Olympic Games in the women's 100m backstroke event.
• Bhavani Devi
• Bhavani Devi is an Indian fencer who has won several medals in national and international competitions.
• She achieved a historic feat by becoming the first Indian fencer to qualify for the Olympics (Tokyo 2020).
• Manu Bhaker
• Manu Bhaker is an Indian shooter who has won several medals in national and international competitions.
• She has qualified for the Tokyo 2020 Olympics in the 10m air pistol event.

The correct answer is Kerala.

Key Points

• Kerala hosted the National Games for the second time, the first being in 1987.
• The 35^th National Games were held from 31^st January to 14^th February 2015.
• Over 12,000 athletes from 36 states and union territories participated in 33 sports disciplines.
• Kerala emerged as the overall champions with a total of 162 medals, including 54 gold, 48 silver, and 60 bronze medals.

Additional Information

• Goa hosted the 37^th National Games in the year 2023.
• Mumbai, formerly known as Bombay**, hosted** the National Games of India in 1940.
• Punjab hosted the 31^st National Games in the year 2001.

Important Points

• The National Games aimed to identify sporting talent who could represent the country at the Olympics.
• After the 1920 Olympics, it was suggested that a national-level body to promote Olympic sports and after a meeting of the selection committee for the Olympics, the All India Olympic Committee was set up.
• The committee organized the first National Games in 1924 in Lahore - now in Pakistan - in what was then undivided India. It was then called the ‘All India Olympic Games’.
• The All India Olympic Committee eventually transitioned into the Indian Olympic Association (IOA) in 1927 with Dorabji Tata as president and Dr Noehren, the secretary.

The correct answer is Exim Bank and SIDBI.

Key Points

• Exim Bank and SIDBI sponsored the 'Ubharte Sitaare Fund' in August 2021.
• The 'Ubharte Sitaare Fund' is a scheme launched by SIDBI to support micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs) in the country.
• Exim Bank and SIDBI have jointly set up a Rs. 400 crore fund to support MSMEs in sectors such as pharmaceuticals, healthcare, food processing, and chemicals.
• The fund aims to provide financial assistance to MSMEs for expansion, capacity building, and modernization, as well as to support their working capital needs.

Additional Information

• IDBI and LIC are two separate entities, with IDBI being a public sector bank and LIC being a life insurance company.
• ICICI Bank and HDFC are both private sector banks in India.

The correct answer is About 700.

Key Points

• Bangladesh has around 700 rivers and tributaries, which cover a total length of over 24,000 km and provide a vital source of water for agriculture, fisheries, and other economic activities.
• Bangladesh is a country with a complex network of rivers and tributaries, which crisscross the country and provide an essential means of transportation, irrigation, and livelihood for millions of people.
• The major rivers in Bangladesh are the Brahmaputra, the Ganges, and the Meghna, which are all transboundary rivers that originate from the Himalayas and flow through India before entering Bangladesh.
• Apart from these major rivers, Bangladesh has numerous other rivers and tributaries, which form an intricate network of waterways that covers almost every part of the country.
• The exact number of rivers and tributaries in Bangladesh is difficult to determine, as it depends on various factors such as the size of the river, its flow, and the criteria used to define a river or tributary.

The correct answer is Kathakali.

Key Points

• 'Kalasam' is a dance sequence that is performed in the Kerala-based classical dance form of Kathakali.
• Kathakali is a highly stylized dance-drama that originated in the 17^th century in Kerala.
• The dance form is known for its elaborate make-up, costumes, facial expressions, and gestures that are used to convey a story.

Additional Information

• Kathak - a classical dance form from North India that emphasizes footwork and fast spins.
• Bharatanatyam - a classical dance form from Tamil Nadu that is characterized by its precise movements and expressions.
• Manipuri - a classical dance form from Manipur that is known for its gentle and graceful movements.
• Hence, the statement "Kalasam is a dance sequence in Kathakali" is correct.

The correct answer is Theosophical Society.

Key Points

• Annie Besant was a British socialist, women's rights activist, and theosophist who played a significant role in India's struggle for independence from British rule.
• She promoted the studies of ancient Indian religions, philosophies, and doctrines through the Theosophical Society.
• Annie Besant became the President of the Theosophical Society in 1907, which was founded in New York in 1875.
• The Theosophical Society aimed to promote the study of comparative religion, philosophy, and science, and to investigate the unexplained laws of nature and the powers latent in humanity.
• Besant believed that ancient Indian wisdom had much to offer the world, and she worked tirelessly to promote the study of Hinduism, Buddhism, and other Eastern religions through the Theosophical Society.
• She also co-authored a book called 'The Secret Doctrine' with the founder of Theosophical Society, Madame Blavatsky, which explored the origins of the universe and humanity's place in it.

Additional Information

• Arya Samaj
• Arya Samaj was founded by Swami Dayanand Saraswati in 1875 in Bombay.
• It aimed to promote the study of the Vedas and to reform Hinduism by rejecting idol worship and caste system.
• Although Arya Samaj promoted the study of ancient Indian religions, it did not have a significant influence on Annie Besant's work.
• Paramhans Mandali
• Paramhans Mandali was a religious and social reform organization founded by Dadoba Pandurang in 1840 in Bombay (now Mumbai).
• It aimed at abolishing caste distinctions and promoting social equality.
• Advocated for the study and interpretation of Vedanta philosophy.
• Emphasized rational thinking and education..
• Prarthana Samaj
• Prarthana Samaj was founded by Atmaram Pandurang in 1867 in Bombay.
• It aimed to promote monotheism and to reform Hinduism by rejecting idol worship, caste system, and untouchability.
• Although Prarthana Samaj promoted the study of ancient Indian religions, it did not have a significant influence on Annie Besant's work.

The correct answer is Marital rape.

Key Points

• The PILs challenge the exception clause in Section 375 which excludes marital rape from the definition of rape.
• The challenge is significant as it could lead to the criminalization of marital rape and provide more protection to women against sexual violence within marriage.
• Physical torture, dowry death, and suicide are not exceptions in Section 375, but they are related to crimes against women in India.
• Physical torture and dowry death are often associated with domestic violence and dowry-related crimes, respectively.
• Suicide is not a crime, but it is often linked to mental health issues and social pressures faced by women in India.

Additional Information

• Section 375 of the Indian Penal Code deals with the offence of rape.
• The exception being challenged in the PILs is the exception clause which states that sexual intercourse or sexual acts by a man with his own wife, the wife not being under fifteen years of age, is not rape.
• Marital rape refers to any unwanted sexual acts by a spouse or ex-spouse that is committed without the other person's consent.
• Physical torture refers to any act of violence that causes physical harm or injury to a person.
• Dowry death refers to the murder or suicide of a woman who is unable to meet the demands of her husband or his family for a dowry.

The correct answer is Brain coral.

Key Points

• Meandrina is the generic name of brain coral, which belongs to the Coelenterata phylum of marine animals.
• Brain corals are colonial animals that have tube-shaped bodies with ridges and valleys on their surface, resembling the folds of the human brain.
• They are found in shallow tropical waters of the Atlantic, Caribbean, and Indo-Pacific regions and play a vital role in reef-building and ecosystem maintenance.
• Brain corals feed on plankton and organic matter through their tentacles and have a symbiotic relationship with algae that provide them with energy through photosynthesis.

Additional Information

• Sea anemones (Actiniaria) are also Coelenterata animals with tube-shaped bodies, but they are solitary and have a more delicate structure with tentacles surrounding a central mouth.
• Sea-fans (Gorgonia) are a type of coral with a fan-shaped structure, while medusa is a free-swimming jellyfish with a bell-shaped body.

The correct answer is President.

Key Points

• The Chairman of a State Public Service Commission is appointed by the Governor of the state.
• The Constitution of India provides that the Chairman of a State Public Service Commission can be removed by the order of the President of India.
• The President can remove the Chairman of a State Public Service Commission only after an inquiry into the charges against him/her has been conducted.
• The Chairman of a State Public Service Commission can be removed on the following grounds: misbehaviour, incapacity, or violation of the Constitution.
• The Chairman of a State Public Service Commission cannot be removed by the Prime Minister or the Chief Minister of the state.

Additional Information

• Prime Minister: The Prime Minister is the head of the government at the national level in India.
• He/she is appointed by the President of India and is responsible for leading the country's executive branch.
• Governor: The Governor is the head of the state government in India.
• He/she is appointed by the President of India and is responsible for overseeing the state's executive branch.
• Chief Minister: The Chief Minister is the head of the state government in India.
• He/she is appointed by the Governor of the state and is responsible for leading the state's executive branch.
• President: The President of India is the head of the state and is elected by an Electoral College consisting of the members of both houses of Parliament and the Legislative Assemblies of the states.
• Hence, the statement "The Chairman of a State Public Service Commission can be removed by the order of the President" is correct.

The correct answer is indirect tax.

Key Points

• Goods and Service Tax (GST) is a type of indirect tax that is levied on the sale of goods and services.
• It is an example of an indirect tax because it is not directly paid by the consumer to the government, but rather collected by businesses and then remitted to the government.
• GST was introduced in India in 2017 to replace multiple indirect taxes such as excise duty, service tax, and value-added tax (VAT).
• The aim was to simplify the tax system and create a single, unified tax structure.
• The GST system has different tax rates for different goods and services, ranging from 0% to 28%.
• There are four tax slabs - 5%, 12%, 18%, and 28% - with essential goods and services attracting lower rates and luxury items attracting higher rates.

Additional Information

• Compensation to employees is a payment made by an employer to an employee in return for their work. It is not related to GST.
• Direct tax is a tax that is paid directly by an individual or organization to the government, such as income tax or corporate tax. GST is not a direct tax.
• Transfer payment is a type of payment made by the government to individuals or organizations without any goods or services being exchanged.
• Examples include social security benefits and welfare payments. This is also not related to GST.
• Hence, the correct answer is option 4 - GST is an example of an indirect tax.

The correct answer is Moist Tropical Semi-Evergreen Vegetation.

Key Points

• The plateau of Meghalaya, Sahyadri, and the central and southern islands of the Nicobar group are located in regions with a tropical climate and abundant rainfall.
• This type of climate supports the growth of moist tropical vegetation.
• Moist Tropical Semi-Evergreen Vegetation is a type of vegetation that is characterized by trees that shed their leaves partially during the dry season.
• This allows the trees to conserve water and survive during the dry season.
• The vegetation is also characterized by the presence of epiphytes, lianas, and ferns.

Additional Information

• Dry Tropical Deciduous Vegetation:
• This type of vegetation is found in regions with a tropical climate and a distinct dry season.
• Trees in this vegetation shed all their leaves during the dry season to conserve water.
• This type of vegetation is not found in the regions mentioned in the question.
• Dry Tropical Thorny Vegetation:
• This type of vegetation is found in regions with a tropical climate and low rainfall.
• The vegetation is characterized by the presence of thorny shrubs and trees.
• This type of vegetation is not found in the regions mentioned in the question.
• Alpine Vegetation:
• This type of vegetation is found in high-altitude regions where the temperature is low and the climate is harsh.
• This type of vegetation is not found in the regions mentioned in the question.
• Hence, the statement "the correct answer is option 4" is correct.

The correct answer is Bombay to Thane.

Key Points

• The first railway line in India was started from Bombay (now Mumbai) to Thane in 1853.
• This railway line was constructed by the Great Indian Peninsular Railway (GIPR), which was later renamed as the Central Railway.
• The distance between Bombay and Thane is around 34 km and the first train on this route was hauled by three steam locomotives named Sahib, Sindh and Sultan.
• The inauguration of this railway line was done by Lord Dalhousie, who was the Governor-General of India at that time.
• This railway line was an important milestone in the development of transportation infrastructure in India and it paved the way for the growth of railways in the country.

Additional Information

• Palghar is a town located in the Palghar district of Maharashtra.​​
• ​There was no railway line between Bombay and Palghar in 1853.
• Poona (now Pune) is a city located in the state of Maharashtra.
• ​There was no railway line between Bombay and Poona in 1853.
• Karjat is a town located in the Raigad district of Maharashtra.
• ​There was no railway line between Bombay and Karjat in 1853.
• Hence, the correct answer is option 4.

The correct answer is sulphur hexafluoride.

Key Points

• Sulphur hexafluoride is a synthetic fluorinated gas with an extremely stable molecular structure, making it the most potent greenhouse gas ever found.
• It has a global warming potential of 23,500 times that of CO₂, meaning that it traps 23,500 times more heat in the atmosphere than CO₂.
• Sulphur hexafluoride is commonly used in electrical transmission and distribution equipment, as well as in the production of magnesium and aluminium.

Additional Information

• Hydrogen fluoride (option 1) is a highly corrosive gas used in the production of fluorine compounds, including sulphur hexafluoride.
• Sodium monofluorophosphate (option 2) is a salt commonly used in toothpaste to prevent tooth decay.
• Calcium fluoride (option 4) is a mineral found in teeth and bones and is also used in the production of aluminium.

The correct answer is Kudirai Chettis.

Key Points

• The local communities of merchants in the Vijayanagara empire were known as Kudirai Chettis.
• Kudirai Chettis were mainly involved in the trade of horses.
• They were considered an important part of the trading community in the empire.
• Kudirai Chettis were known for their business acumen and were respected for their wealth and influence.

Additional Information

• Rachavarus were the cultivators who worked on the lands owned by the Vijayanagara empire.
• Narapattis were the military commanders who were in charge of the armies of the empire.
• Gajapattis were the elephant trainers who were responsible for training and maintaining the war elephants of the empire.

The correct answer is Article 22.

Key Points

• Article 22 of the Indian Constitution provides relief to an Indian citizen who is arrested and denied the right to be defended.
• Article 22(1) provides that every person who is arrested and detained in custody shall be informed of the grounds of such arrest and shall be allowed to consult and be defended by a legal practitioner of his choice
• Article 22(2) states that every person who is arrested and detained in custody shall be produced before the nearest magistrate within a period of 24 hours of such arrest.
• Article 22(4) states that no law providing for preventive detention shall authorise the detention of a person for a longer period than three months unless an Advisory Board has reported before the expiration of the said period that there is, in its opinion, sufficient cause for such detention.

Additional Information

• Article 23 deals with the prohibition of traffic in human beings and forced labour.
• Article 24 prohibits the employment of children in factories, etc.
• Article 25 deals with freedom of conscience and free profession, practice and propagation of religion.
• Hence, the statement 1 is correct.

The correct answer is Vishnu Gupta.

Key Points

• Vishnu Gupta, also known as Chanakya or Kautilya, wrote the Arthashastra during the Mauryan period.
• The Arthashastra is an ancient Indian text that discusses statecraft, economic policy, and military strategy.
• Kautilya is traditionally credited as the author of the text and he wrote it as a kind of handbook for kings, specifically for Chandragupta Maurya.
• The text extensively covers topics like administration, foreign policy, law, civil duties, punishments, espionage, and the science of warfare.
• Although it advises on the ruthless pragmatism necessary for ruling a state, it also counsels rulers to rule with righteousness and justice.
• The Arthashastra remains one of the **key references for scholars studying ancient Indian polity.**​

 Additional Information

• Bindusara:
• Bindusara was the second Mauryan emperor of India and ruled between 297 BCE and 273 BCE.
• He was the son of Chandragupta Maurya, the founder of the Mauryan Empire, and the father of Emperor Ashoka.
• Bindusara extended the Mauryan Empire to the southern part of India.
• It is said that he was named Bindusara because his birth was attended by a prosperous drop (bindu) of sacred blood.
• Bindusara was a follower of Buddhism and supposedly received a philosopher's shadow from Hellenistic Greece, which was regarded as a cure for the suppression of the people.
• Chandragupta Maurya:
• Chandragupta Maurya was the founder of the Maurya Empire in ancient India and was the first emperor to unify most of India under one administration.
• He ruled from 321 BCE until his voluntary retirement and abdication in favour of his son, Bindusara, in 297 BCE.
• Chandragupta Maurya’s life and accomplishments are described in ancient Greek and Sanskrit literature.
• His reign was notable for its significant military, political, and administrative achievements.
• Toward the end of his life, Chandragupta embraced the teachings of Jainism, renounced his throne, and reportedly starved himself to death in a southern Indian cave.
• Bhanugupta:
• Bhanugupta was a lesser-known mid-sixth-century ruler of the Gupta Empire.
• He is mentioned in several stone pillar inscriptions, but his specific reign and events are not well-recorded.
• Bhanugupta is known to have been defeated by the Huna ruler Toramana in the Eran region in 510 CE, leading to the dissolution of the Gupta dynasty.
• Much of what is known about Bhanugupta and his reign comes from coinage and various inscriptions, some of which are subject to academic debate.

The correct answer is Blossom shower.

Key Points

• Blossom shower is a weather phenomenon that occurs in Karnataka during the months of February and March, which helps the coffee flowers to blossom.
• This shower is a combination of light rain and sunshine, which is essential for the growth of coffee flowers.
• These pre-monsoon showers are critical for the timely blossoming of coffee flowers and the subsequent development of the beans.
• A good Blossom shower is integral to the yield and quality of the coffee crop for the season.
• Absence or inadequate Blossom showers can negatively impact the coffee yield.
• It is a localized weather occurrence prevalent in the **Western Ghats region of India.**​

Additional Information

• Nor'westers are thunderstorms that occur in the northern and eastern parts of India during the summer months, and they do not have any impact on the coffee flowers in Karnataka.
• Loo is a hot and dry wind that blows across the northern and central parts of India during the summer months, and it is not related to the growth of coffee flowers.
• Mango shower is a pre-monsoon rain that occurs in the southern parts of India during the months of April and May, and it is not related to the growth of coffee flowers.

The correct answer is 76^th.

Key Points

• India celebrated its 76^th Independence Day on August 15, 2022, marking the day when the country gained freedom from British colonial rule in 1947.
• The day is a national holiday and is celebrated with great enthusiasm across the country, with flag-hoisting ceremonies, parades, cultural programs, and patriotic speeches.
• The first Independence Day was celebrated on August 15, 1947, when India's first Prime Minister, Jawaharlal Nehru, raised the national flag at the Red Fort in Delhi and delivered his famous speech "Tryst with Destiny."
• The struggle for India's independence was a long and arduous one, led by freedom fighters like Mahatma Gandhi, Subhash Chandra Bose, Bhagat Singh, and many others who sacrificed their lives for the cause.

The correct answer is 'Ghaghara'

Key Points

• Ghaghara River:
• The Ghaghara, known as Karnali in Nepal, is a major left-bank tributary of the Ganga.
• It originates near Mansarovar Lake in Tibet and flows through Nepal before entering India.
• In India, it flows through Uttar Pradesh and Bihar and finally joins the Ganga at Chhapra.
• Tila, Seti, and Beri are its important tributaries in Nepal, making Ghaghara the correct answer.

Additional Information

• Tamsa River:
• Also known as the Tons River, it is a tributary of the Ganga.
• It originates from the Tamsa Kund in the Kaimur range of Madhya Pradesh.
• After a hilly journey of about 64 km, it enters the plains and is joined by the Belan River.
• It merges with the Ganga near Sirsa, about 32 km from Prayagraj (U.P.).
• The Tamsa is historically significant, as traditions associate it with Lord Rama’s exile journey.
• However, it does not have tributaries like Tila, Seti, and Beri, so it is not the correct answer.
• Mahi River:
• Originates in Madhya Pradesh, flows through Rajasthan and Gujarat, and drains into the Arabian Sea.
• Its tributaries include Som and Anas, not Tila, Seti, or Beri.
• Sabarmati River:
• Originates from the Aravalli Hills in Rajasthan and flows into Gujarat before meeting the Arabian Sea.
• Its tributaries include Hathmati, Wakal, and Sei, not Tila, Seti, or Beri.

The correct answer is Gujarat.

Key Points

• The 36^th National Games were held in 2022 in the state of Gujarat.
• Gujarat hosted the National Games for the first time in its history.
• The games were held in various cities across the state, including Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, and Surat.
• The National Games is a biennial multi-sport event in which athletes from different states of India participate.
• The event is organized by the Indian Olympic Association (IOA).
• The 36^th National Games were originally scheduled to be held in 2021 but were postponed multiple times due to various reasons, including infrastructure issues and financial problems.
• Haryana, Karnataka, and Maharashtra were the other options, but they did not host the 36^th National Games.
• However, Haryana has hosted the National Games four times in the past, Karnataka has hosted twice, and Maharashtra has hosted once.

The correct answer is Kuchipudi.

Key Points

• The National Nritya Shiromani Award 2022 was awarded to Aparna Satheesan for the Kuchipudi dance form.
• Kuchipudi is a classical Indian dance form that originated in the state of Andhra Pradesh.
• It is known for its graceful movements, intricate footwork, and expressive facial expressions.
• The other options mentioned in the question are also classical Indian dance forms, but they are different from Kuchipudi in terms of their origin, style, and repertoire.
• Bharatanatyam is a classical dance form from Tamil Nadu, Kathakali is a dance-drama from Kerala, and Odissi is a classical dance form from Odisha.

GIven:

From a point Q, the length of the tangent to a circle is 20 cm and the distance of Q from the centre of the circle is 25 cm.

Calculation: 

Let radius is r

By Pythagoras theorem,

⇒ 25² = r² + 20²

⇒ r² = 25² - 20²

⇒ r² = 225

⇒ r = 15

The radius of the circle is 15cm

Calculation:

8 + (−9 − 3) − (−12 − 5)

⇒ 8 -12 +17 = 13

∴ The correct option is 2

Given: 

Supraja and Kausalya can complete a work in 30 days and 20 days, respectively.

Supraja starts the work and they work on alternate days.

Concept used:

Efficiency = (Total work / Total time taken)

Efficiency = work done in a single day 

Calculation:

Let the total work is the 60 units (LCM of 30 and 20)

The efficiency of Supraja is 60 / 30 = 2 units

The efficiency of Kausalya is  60 / 20 = 3 units

In 2 days they do 3 + 2 = 5 units

75% of the total work is 60 × 3/4 = 45 units

So they will take (45 / 5) × 2 = 18 days.

∴ The correct option is 4

Given:

A and B can finish a work in 9 days, B and C can finish it in 12 days and C and A can finish in 18 days.

Concept used:

Efficiency = (Total work / Total time taken)

Efficiency = work done in a single day 

Calculation:

Let total work is 36 units ( LCM of 9, 12 , and18 and)

The efficiency of A+B  = 36 /9 = 4 units

The efficiency of B+C = 36 / 12 = 3 units

The efficiency of A+C = 36 / 18 = 2 units

So,

Total efficiency of A + B + C is (4 + 3 + 2) / 2 = 9/2 

Thus, The number of days required = 36 /(9/2) = 36 × 2/9 = 8 days

∴ The correct option is 2

Given:

In a circle with centre O, PA and PB are the tangents at A and B, respectively, from an external point P.

 ∠APB = 24°

Calculation:

∠AOB = 180° -  ∠APB

⇒ 180° -   24° = 156°

Given: 

A and B working together can finish a piece of work in 8 days while B alone can do it in 24 days. 

Concept used:

Efficiency = (Total work / Total time taken)

Efficiency = work done in a single day 

Calculation:

Let the total work is the 24 units (LCM of 8 and 24)

The efficiency of A + B is 24 / 8 = 3 units

The efficiency of A is  24 / 24 = 1 unit

The efficiency of B is (3 - 1) = 2 units

The number of days B takes 24 / 2 = 12 days.

∴ The correct option is 3

Given:

A person invests Rs. 9,840 at 5% per annum simple interest to obtain a total amount of Rs. 12,300

Formula used:

Simple interest = P × R × T / 100 [ P = principal, R = rate of interest, T = time]

Calculation:

Let,T = time 

Simple interest got by the person is 12300 - 9840 = Rs 2460

As per the formula,

 2460 = 9840 × 5 × T / 100

⇒ T = 2460 /492

= 5 years

∴ The correct option is 1

Given:

P gives Q a head-start of 2 seconds in a 400 m race, but both finish the race at the same time.

The speed of Q is 2 m/sec.

Calculation:

Time taken by Q to finish the race is 400 / 2 = 200 sec

Time taken by P to finish the race is 200 - 2 = 198 secs

∴ The correct option is 1

Shortcut Trick

Let the original price be P.

Successive change of r% increase and r% decrease results in a net change of (r² ÷ 100)% decrease.

Multiplier for net change = (1 − r² ÷ 10000).

Latest Price = P × (10000 − r²) ÷ 10000 = 1.

⇒ P = 10000 ÷ (10000 − r²).

∴ The correct answer is Rs. 10000 / (10000 − r²).

Alternate Method

Given: Initial increase = r%, Subsequent decrease = r%, Final Price = Rs. 1.

Formulas: New Value = Original × (100 + change%) ÷ 100.

⇒ Let the original price be x.

⇒ Price after r% increase = x × (100 + r) ÷ 100.

⇒ Price after r% decrease = [x × (100 + r) ÷ 100] × (100 − r) ÷ 100.

⇒ 1 = x × (100² − r²) ÷ 10000.

⇒ 1 = x × (10000 − r²) ÷ 10000.

⇒ x = 10000 ÷ (10000 − r²).

∴ The correct answer is Rs. 10000 / (10000 − r²).

Additional Information

Successive Percentage Change

When a value is changed by a% and then by b%, the net effective change is (a + b + ab ÷ 100)%.

Algebraic Identity

The calculation uses the identity (a + b)(a − b) = a² − b² to simplify (100 + r)(100 − r).

Calculation:

The sales of product A  is 20 thousand

The sales of product E  is 40 thousand

The ratio will be  20 : 40 = 1:2

The approximate ratio of sales of product A to product E in 2019 is 1:2

Given: 

The cost of 50 dozens of bananas is Rs. 2,400 and the transport cost per banana is Rs. 0.25.

The selling price is Rs. 10 for a pair of bananas. 

Concept used:

SP = CP + Profit

Calculation:

The cost price of 1 banana is,

⇒ 2400/(50×12) = Rs 4

After adding the transport cost the cost price is 4 + 0.25 = Rs 4.25

The selling price of each banana is 10 / 2 = Rs 5

Net profit is,  5 - 4.25 = 0.75

So profit percentage is,

⇒ (0.75/4.25) × 100 = 17.6 %

∴ The correct option is 2

Given:

The three sides of a triangle are 12, 17 and x units.

Concept used:

For any given triangle, the sum of two sides of a triangle is always greater than the third side.

Calculation:

Sum of the two given sides is 12 + 17 = 29,

So third side should be less than 29

And also greatest than 17 - 12 = 5 units

∴ The correct option is 1

Calculation:

The demand for company w is 400

the production for company X is 800

As per the question,

⇒ $k\over100$ × 800 = 400

⇒ K = 50

Given:

A thief is noticed by a policeman from a distance of 200 m.

The thief starts running as soon as he is noticed, and the policeman chases him simultaneously.

The thief and the policeman run at the speeds of 10 km/h and 11 km/h, respectively.

Concept used:

Distance = speed × time

Calculation:

Relative speed is (11 -10) × 5/18 = 5/18 m/s

Distance covered in 6 × 60 = 360 secs is ,

⇒ 360 × 5/18 = 100 meter

∴ The correct option is 2

Given:

 a + b + c = 7, ab + bc + ca = 11 and abc = −1

Formula used:

a3 + b3 + c3 - 3abc =   (a + b + c)(a2 + b2+ c2 - ab - bc - ca)

(a + b + c)2 = (a2 + b2+ c2 + 2ab + 2bc + 2ca)

Calculation:

(a2 + b2+ c²) = (a + b + c)2  - 2ab + 2bc + 2ca

⇒ (a2 + b2+ c2) = 49 - 22

⇒ (a2 + b2+ c2) = 27

So,

a3 + b3 + c3 - 3abc = 7× (27 - 11) 

⇒ a3 + b3 + c3 - 3abc = 112

⇒ a3 + b3 +  c3 = 112 - 3

⇒ a3 + b3 +  c3  = 109

∴ The correct option is 3

Calculation:

The maximum value of sinθ is 1 , where θ is 90° 

Again the value of cos90° = 0

So the  maximum value of (sin12θ + cos20θ) is,

⇒ 1 + 0 = 1

∴ The correct option is 3

Calculation:

 $\frac{2}{3}$tan2 60° + 3 cos2 30° − 2 sec2 30° − $\frac{3}{4}$cot2 60°.

⇒ 2/3 × 3 + 3 × 3/4 - 2 × 4/3 - 3/4 × 1/3

⇒ 2 + 9/4 - 8/3 - 1/4

⇒ 4 - 8/3 

⇒ 4/3 = 1.33

∴ The correct option is 3

Calculation:

The square of 72 is equal to, 72 × 72

Let the number is x

As per the question,

⇒ 216 × x = 72 × 72

⇒  3x = 72

⇒ x = 24

∴ The correct option is 3

Given:

P and Q can do a job in 24 days, Q and R can do it in 30 days, while P and R can do it in 40 days. X is four times as efficient as P, Y is half as efficient as Q, and Z is 2.5 times as efficient as R. Determine the number of days required to complete the same job if X, Y and Z work together.

Concept used:

Efficiency = (Total work / Total time taken)

Efficiency = work done in a single day

Calculation:

Let total work is 120 units ( LCM of 24, 30 , and 40 and)

The efficiency of P+Q = 120 /24

⇒ 5 units

The efficiency of Q+R = 120 / 30

⇒ 4 units

The efficiency of P+R = 120 / 40

⇒ 3 units

Total efficiency of P + Q + R is (4+ 5 + 3) / 2 = 6

The efficiency of P is 6 - 4 = 2 units

The efficiency of X is 2 × 4 = 8 units

The efficiency of Q is 6 - 3 = 3 units

The efficiency of Y is 3 × .5 = 1.5 units

The efficiency of R is 6 - 5 = 1 unit

The efficiency of Z is 1 × 2.5 = 2.5 units

Total efficiency of X + Y + Z is (8+ 1.5 + 2.5) = 12 units

The number of days required to complete the same job if X, Y and Z work together is,

120 /12 = 10days

∴ The correct option is 4

Concept used:

Calculation:

325 + 276 ÷ [150 − {9 × 9 + (83 − 4 × 15)}]

⇒ 325 + 276 ÷ [150 − {9 × 9 + 23}]

⇒ 325 + 276 ÷ [150 − 104]

⇒ 325 + 276 ÷ 46

⇒ 325 + 6 = 331

Shortcut TrickWithout membership,

MP = 100 , CP = 30, SP = 70

Profit = 70 - 30 = 40

With membership,

MP = 100 , CP = 30

Total discount = 30 + 20 - 30×20/100 = 44%

SP = 100 - 44 = 56%

Profit = 56 - 30 = 26 

Required % = 26/40 × 100 = 65%

∴ The correct answer is 65%.

Given:

A retailer announces a discount of 30% for selling an air-conditioner marked at Rs. 92,000.

The cost price of the air-conditioner is 70% below the marked price.

He offers a further discount of 20% if the buyer presents his membership card of the retailer's store

Formula used:

Selling Price (Sp) = Cp + ($\frac{Profit}{100}$) × Cp

Cp = ($\frac{100}{100\space+\space profit\space Percent}$) × Sp

Calculation:

The selling price after giving 30% discount is

⇒ 92000 × 70/100 = Rs 64,400

The cost price is 92000 × 30/100 = Rs 27600

Now profit will be 64400 - 27600 = Rs 36800

If he gives additional 20% discount then price,

⇒  64,400 × 80/100 = Rs 51520

Then profit is 51520 - 27600 = Rs 23920

So required percentage is ,

⇒ (23920 / 36800) × 100 = 65%

∴ The correct option is 2

Additional Information 

Profit is calculated on Cost Price.

And the discount is calculated on Market Price.

Given:

x - 1/x = 2√2

Concept Used:

a² - b² = (a + b)(a - b)

a⁶ - b⁶ = (a² - b²)³ + 3(a² - b²)

x - 1/x = k then, x + 1/x = √(k² + 4)

Calculation:

As per the question,

x - 1/x = 2√2

x + 1/x = √{(2√2)² + 4

(x + 1/x) = √12 = 2√3

Again,

(x² - 1/x² ) = (x - 1/x)(x + 1/x)

⇒ 2√2 × 2√3

⇒ 4√6

Then,

x⁶ - 1/x6 = (x2 - 1/x2)³ +3 (x2 - 1/x2 )

⇒  (4√6)³ + 12√6

⇒ 384√ 6 + 12√6 = 396√6

∴ The correct answer is Option 3.

Formula used:

(A + B)² = A² + 2AB + B² 

Calculation:

(​​2y + 2/y) = 7​​

⇒ (y + 1/y) = 7/2

⇒ (y + 1/y)² = 49/4

⇒ ​$\rm\left(y^{2}+\frac{1}{y^{2}}\right)$=​ (49/4) - 2

⇒ ​ $\rm\left(y^{2}+\frac{1}{y^{2}}\right)$= 41/4​

$\rm\left(y^{2}+\frac{1}{y^{2}}\right)$ = 41/4​

Given:

The slant height of a cone is 10 cm, and the radius is 6 cm.

Formula used:

The curved surface area of the cone = πrl

The radius is r cm and the slant height is l

l² = r² + h².

Total surface = πr(l+r)

Calculation:

As per the question,

The Total surface area of the cone is,

⇒ πr(l+r)

⇒ 3.14 × 6 (10+6)

⇒ 3.14 × 6 × 16

⇒ 301.44 cm2

∴ The correct option is 4

Formula used:

Sin (360 + θ) = sin θ

Calculation:

Sin (- 405°) = - sin (405°)

⇒ - sin (360 + 45)

⇒ - sin 45° = - (1/√2)

 ∴ The correct answer is - (1/√2).

The correct answer is "it is raining very heavily."

 Key Points

• The idiom "raining cats and dogs" means heavy rain. (भारी वर्षा)
• Example: Don't forget to take your umbrella - it's raining cats and dogs out there.
• The idiom is often used in informal conversations and writing to describe a particularly heavy rainstorm.
• Other similar idioms include "pouring rain" and "bucketing down."

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 1.

The correct answer is "Gentle."

 Key Points

• The given sentence talks about someone's behaviour being violent.
• The word 'violent' means using physical force to hurt or harm someone or something. (जिसमें किसी को चोट पहुँचाने या मारने के लिए भौतिक शक्ति का प्रयोग हो, हिंसक; हिंसात्‍मक, हिंसापूर्ण)
• Example: The demonstration started peacefully but later turned violent.
• The word 'gentle' means being kind and mild in nature. ((व्‍यक्ति) दयालु और शांत; बिना चोट पहुँचाए कोमलता से व्‍यवहार करने वाला; सौम्‍य)
• Example: ‘I'll try and be as gentle as I can,’ said the dentist.
• Therefore, the most appropriate antonym for the underlined word is 'gentle.'
• The correct answer is Option 3.

Additional Information

• Crazy: This word means being mentally unstable or insane. (सनकी, पागल, मूर्ख)
• Aggressive: This word means being forceful and assertive. (लड़ाका, हमलावर, झगड़ालू, आक्रामक)
• Savage: This word means being cruel and brutal. (अति निर्दय, हिंसक या बर्बर)

The correct answer is "umpteen."

 Key Points

• The underlined word is "very less," which indicates a decrease in the number of visitors. (बहुत कम)
• Example: The hardware complexity of the involution block is very less.
• "Umpteen" means a large, unspecified number. (बहुत बार; बहुत सारे, बहुतेरे, बहुत-से)
• Example: We've been there umpteen times and she still can't remember the way.
• "Umpteen" is an antonym for "very less."
• The correct answer is Option 4.

Correct sentence: We usually had umpteen visitors dropping by, but now we have very less visitors.

Additional Information

• "Insufficient" means not enough. (अपर्याप्त, नाकाफ़ी)
• "A handful of" means a small number. (कम संख्या)
• "Slighter" means smaller in amount or degree. (बहुत छोटा; बड़ा या गंभीर नहीं, मामूली)

The correct answer is "had not committed it."

 Key Points

• The first half of the sentence is in the past tense, so to maintain the uniformity of the sentence, we must use the past perfect tense.
• "Had not committed it" is the past perfect tense of the verb "to commit."
• The sentence structure is "subject + verb + object," so the correct pronoun to use is "he."
• The sentence is in the negative form, so "not" is required before the verb.
• The sentence is grammatically correct with the replacement option.
• The correct answer is option 3.

 Correct sentence: The man was convicted of murder by the jury but he had not committed it.

Here, the erroneous part is "will be exercised."

 Key Points

• The verb 'exercised' is not appropriate in this context.
• The word "exercised" means to make use of something, for example, a power, right, etc. ((सत्ता, अधिकार आदि का) इस्‍तेमाल करना)
• Example: You should exercise your right to vote.
• The correct verb should be 'exerted.'
• 'Exerted' means to apply or bring about. (किसी वस्‍तु को प्रयोग में लाना (जैसे प्रभाव, ताक़त आदि))
• Example: Parents exert a powerful influence on their children’s opinions.
• The correct answer is Option 1.

Correct sentence: Hardik's horoscope says that the stars will exert a benign influence on his life.

The correct answer is "Imposter."

 Key Points

• "Imposter" means someone who dishonestly pretends to be someone else in order to deceive others. (छद्मवेशी, पररूपधारक, बहुरूपिया)
• Example: The man was an imposter who had tricked the entire company with his fake credentials.
• Someone who dishonestly pretends to deceive under an assumed character means "Imposter."
• The correct answer is option 1.

Additional Information

• Imitator: A person who copies or mimics the behavior, actions, or style of someone else. (अनुकरणकर्ता)
• Explorer: A person who travels to unfamiliar places to discover or investigate new things. (खोजकर्ता)
• Imbecile: It is used to describe someone who is considered foolish, stupid, or lacking intelligence. (मूर्ख)

The correct answer is "Today is the sixth day of our workshop. All the participants are highly enthusiastic."

 Key Points

• We use the definite article "the" with ordinal numbers (first, second, third, etc.) and sequence words (such as next and last) that precede a noun.
• Example: This is the third time you have been late.
• The word "sixth" is an ordinal number, so we must use "the" before it.
• The phrase "all the participants" is either neutral in stress, or slightly emphasizes "participants."
• So, "All the participants" is the correct phrase to use instead of "all participants."
• The sentence is grammatically correct with proper capitalization and punctuation.
• The correct answer is Option 2.

The correct answer is  "Did they not attend the conference?"

Key Points

• The given sentence is in Passive Voice. It is in Simple Past Tense(Interrogative, Negative sentence ).
• As per the given question, we must change it to Active Voice.
• The structure of the given sentence is as follows:
• Did + Subject + not+ V1 + Object. (Active Voice)
• Was/were + Subject (objective case) + not + V3 + by + Object (subjective case). (Passive Voice)
• Example:
• Did they not solve the question? (Active Voice)
• Was the question not solved by them? (Passive Voice)
• The subject of the given sentence is 'they'.​​
• The object of the given sentence is 'the conference'.
• The subject will be put in place of the object and the object will be put in place of the subject.
• The preposition 'by' will be removed.
• In this sentence, "they" is the subject and "attend" is the action, so we can make it active by putting "they" before "attend" to get "Did they not attend the conference?"
• The correct answer is option 1.

The correct answer is "Was she not beating the beggar?"

 Key Points

• The given sentence is in Passive Voice. It is in Simple Past Tense(Interrogative, Negative sentence ).
• As per the given question, we must change it to Active Voice.
• The structure of the given sentence is as follows:
• Did + Subject + not+ V1 + Object. (Active Voice)
• Was/were + Subject (objective case) + not + V3 + by + Object (subjective case). (Passive Voice)
• Example:
• Did they not solve the question? (Active Voice)
• Was the question not solved by them? (Passive Voice)
• The subject of the given sentence is 'they'.​​
• The object of the given sentence is 'the conference'.
• The subject will be put in place of the object and the object will be put in place of the subject.
• The preposition 'by' will be removed.
• In active voice, the subject performs the action, so we need to rephrase the sentence to make the subject the doer of the action.
• "She" is the subject and "beating" is the action, so we need to make "she" the subject of the sentence.
• The negative "not" should also be moved after the subject to make the sentence clearer.
• The correct answer is Option 4.

The correct answer is "is coming to the meeting."

 Key Points

• The subject of the sentence is "Neither John nor Simon", which is a compound subject.
• When "neither ...... nor" links singular terms, the verb is singular.
• When the subjects are connected by "nor", the verb should agree with the subject closest to it.
• Example: Neither the car nor the truck is available.
• In this case, it is "Simon."
• "Is coming" is the correct verb form for the singular subject "Simon".
• The correct answer is Option 4.

Correct sentence: Neither John nor Simon is coming to the meeting.

The correct answer is "Being a millionaire, he is leading a luxurious life."

 Key Points

• The correct spelling of the word is 'millionaire', not 'milionaire' or 'millinaire.'
• The word 'millionaire' is a person who has a million pounds, dollars, etc.; a very rich person. (लखपति, करोड़पति; बहुत धनी व्‍यक्ति)
• Example: You want me to buy you a new car - do you think I'm a millionaire or something?
• The correct spelling of the word is 'luxurious', not 'luxurius' or 'luxurous.'
• The word "luxurious" means very comfortable; full of expensive and beautiful things. (बहुत आरामदेह; मँहगी और सुंदर विलास की वस्‍तुओं से भरा हुआ, विलासितापूर्ण)
• Example: This is a luxurious hotel.
• The sentence is grammatically correct with the corrected spellings.
• The correct answer is Option 2.