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The correct answer is option 3 i.e. Mahasweta Debi.

• Aranyer Adhikar (Rights over the Forest) is a Bangla novel by Mahasweta Debi, first published 1977 for which she received Sahitya Akademi Award in 1979.
• It narrates the life and struggle of tribal freedom fighter Birsa Munda.

The correct answer is option 2 i.e. 5 hours 30 minutes.

• Greenwich Mean Time or GMT
• The Prime Meridian or the 0° longitude passes through Greenwich near London and the local time calculated at the British Royal Observatory is considered as the accurate time for the Prime Meridian, and is called Greenwich Mean Time or GMT.
• Since the earth rotates from west to east, the places east of Greenwich are ahead of GMT and those to the west are behind it and all the places located on a particular meridian or a particular longitude have the same local time.
• Indian Standard Time or IST
• In order to maintain uniformity of time as far as possible within the territorial limits of a country, the time at the central meridian of the country is taken as the Standard Meridian and its local time is taken as the standard time for the whole country.
• The Standard Meridian is selected in a manner that it is divisible by 15° or 7° 30’ so that the difference between its standard time and the Greenwich Mean Time may be expressed as multiples of an hour or half an hour.
• The Indian Standard Time (IST) is calculated from 82°30’E meridian passing through Mirzapur.
• Therefore, IST is plus 5 hours 30 minutes from the GMT ((82°30’ x 4) (60 minutes=5 hours 30 minutes).
• Similarly, all countries of the world choose the standard meridian within their territory to determine the time within their administrative boundaries.

The correct answer is option 1 i.e. Lord Cornwallis.

• In pre-colonial India, the governments, under the Mughals and other native states, were autocratic in nature, and lacked a separate or formal police system. However, there have been watch guards since time immemorial protecting villages at night.
• Later, under the Mughal rule there were the faujdars who helped in maintaining law and order, amils who were basically revenue collectors but had to contend with rebels, if any and the kotwal was responsible for maintenance of law and order in the cities.
• Even during the dual rule in Bengal, Bihar and Orissa between 1765 and 1772 the zamindars were expected to maintain the staff including thanedars for law and order duties and for maintaining peace, as well as dealing with crime and criminals but very often, the zamidars neglected their duties and were even said to have colluded with dacoits and shared their loot.
• In 1770, the institution of the faujdar and amils were abolished.
• However, in 1774, Warren Hastings restored the institution of faujdars and asked the zamindars to assist them in suppression of dacoits, violence and disorder.
• In 1775, faujdar thanas were established in the major towns of large districts and were assisted by several smaller police stations.
• In 1791 Lord Cornwallis (Governor-General, 1786-1793) organised a regular police force to maintain law and order by going back to and modernising the old Indian system of thanas (circles) in a district under a daroga (an Indian) and a superintendent of police (SP) at the head of a district & relieved the zamindars of their police duties.
• Lord Bentinck (Governor-General, 1828-1835) abolished the office of the SP.
• The collector/magistrate was now to head the police force in his jurisdiction and the commissioner in each division was to act as the SP.
• This arrangement resulted in a badly organised police force, putting a heavy burden on the collector/magistrate.
• Presidency towns were the first to have the duties of collector/magistrate separated.

Calculation:

x(3 - 2/x) = 3/x

⇒ 3x - 2 = 3/x

⇒ 3x - 3/x = 2

⇒ 3(x - 1/x) = 2

⇒ x - 1/x = 2/3

Cubing both sides:

(a – b)³ = a³ - b³ - 3ab(a – b)

(x - 1/x)³ = 8/27

⇒ x³ - 1/x³ - 3(x – 1/x) = 8/27

⇒ x³ - 1/x³ - 3(2/3) = 8/27

⇒ x³ - 1/x³ = (8/27) + 2 = 62/27 or \(2 \frac{8}{27}\)

Short Trick:

If x - 1/x = 2/3 = A (Let)

then x³ - 1/x³ = A³ + 3A

(2/3)³ + 3(2/3) = 62/27 or \(2 \frac{8}{27}\)

The correct answer is option 2 i.e. Warren Hastings.

• Lord Robert Clive had come to Madras (now Chennai) from England in 1743 at the age of 18 and he was appointed Governor of Bengal in 1764.
• The Regulating Act of 1773 designated the Governor of Bengal as the ‘Governor-General of Bengal’. The first such Governor-General was Lord Warren Hastings from 1773 to 1785.
• The Charter Act of 1833 made the Governor-General of Bengal as the Governor-General of India and vested in him all civil and military powers. Lord William Bentinck was the first Governor-General of India from 1828-1835.
• The Government of India Act of 1858 changed the designation of the Governor-General of India to that of Viceroy of India. Lord Canning, thus, became the first Viceroy of India from 1858-1862.

The correct answer is option 3 i.e. China.

• Pulp and paper is a key industry in the world, and paper products are among the major export commodities in many countries.
• North America, Asia, and Europe account for most of the world’s paper and pulp.
• With around 25% share China has the world’s largest paper, and pulp production after its production exceeded that of the United States which had held top position for many years.
• Other leading paper and pulp producers in the world are Germany, Japan, Finland, and Canada.

Formula Used:

1/(n(n + 1)) = ((n + 1) - n)/(n(n + 1)) = (1/n) - (1/n + 1

Calculation:

Above equation can be written as:

1/(1 × 2) + 1/(2 × 3) + 1/(3 × 4) + 1/(4 × 5) + 1/(5 × 6) + 1/(6 × 7) + 1/(7 × 8) + 1/(8 × 9) + 1/(9 × 10)

⇒ (2 - 1)/(1 × 2) + (3 - 2)/(2 × 3) + (4 - 3)/(3 × 4) + (5 - 4)/(4 × 5) + (6 - 5)/(5 × 6) + (7 - 6)/(6 × 7) + (8 - 7)/(7 × 8) + (9 - 8)/(8 × 9) + (10 - 9)/(9 × 10)

In both the above steps, value is same as expression given in the question but we have modified it just to get the general expression:

1/(n(n + 1)) = ((n + 1) - n)/(n(n + 1)) = (1/n) - (1/n + 1)

∴ Step 2 can be written as:

1/1 – 1/2 + 1/2 – 1/3 + 1/3 – 1/4 + 1/4 – 1/5 + 1/5 - 1/6 + 1/6 – 1/7 + 1/7 - 1/8 + 1/8 - 1/9 + 1/9 – 1/10

⇒ 1/1 - 1/10 = 9/10  (∵ All the middle term got cancelled out except for the first and last)

The correct answer is option 2 i.e. 1828 A.D.

• Raja Rammohan Roy (1772-1833), often called the the father of Indian Renaissance and the maker of Modern India, was a man of versatile genius who believed in the modern scientific approach and principles of human dignity and social equality and put his faith in monotheism.
• In 1814, he set up the Atmiya Sabha (or Society of Friends) in Calcutta to propagate the monotheistic ideals of the Vedanta and to campaign against idolatry, caste rigidities, meaningless rituals and other social ills.
• He stood for a creative and intellectual process of selecting the best from different cultures, over which, again, he faced orthodox reaction.
• Raja Rammohan Roy founded the Brahmo Sabha in August 1828, later renamed as Brahmo Samaj through which he wanted to institutionalise his ideas and mission.

Given:

30% of A is added to 40% of B

Calculation:

According to the question,

30% of A + 40% of B = 80% of B 

⇒ 30% of A = 80% of B - 40% of B 

⇒ 30% of A = 40% of B

⇒ A/B= 4/3 

∴ Required percentage = (B/A)× 100 = (3/4) × 100 = 75%

Given:

Passing marks = 33%

 got 125 marks and failed by 40 marks

Calculation:

Let the maximum marks be x

He got 125 marks and failed by 40 marks, It means that if he would have got 40 more marks he would have passed.

According to question:

125 + 40 = 33% of x = (33/100) × x

⇒ 165 × 100 = 33x

⇒ x = (165 × 100)/33 = 5 × 100 = 500

∴ Maximum marks = x = 500

Short trick:

If 33% marks = 125 + 40, then maximum marks = 100%

⇒ 100% = (165/33) × 100 = 500

∴ Maximum marks = 100% = 500