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Forward: (5, 9), (2, 4)

Backward: (2, 7), (2, 8)

Hence, four such pairs are there in the number ‘857169224’, each of which has as many digits between them in the number (both forward and backward direction) as they have between them in the natural number series.

Given statements: M < U ≥ Y > D; X ≥ B > U

On combining: X ≥ B > U > M; X ≥ B > U ≥ Y > D

Conclusions:

I. M < X → True (as X ≥ B > U > M → X > M)

II. B > D → True (as B > U ≥ Y > D → B > D)

Hence, Both I and II are True.

Given statements : M > A ≥ T > F = Y ≤ S < P 

Conclusions: 

I: F < P → True ( as F = Y ≤ S < P → F < P )

II: A > S → False ( as A ≥ T > F = Y ≤ S → A > Y and Y ≤ S ) → thus clear relation between A and S cannot be determined

Therefore, only conclusion I is True.

Given statements:  A ≥ B ≤ C > D > E < F = K ≥ M

Conclusions:

I. A > C → False ( as A ≥ B ≤ C → thus clear relation between A and C cannot be determined)

II. E ≤ M→ False ( as E < F = K  ≥ M→ thus clear relation between E and M cannot be determined)

Hence, Neither I nor II is True.

Given: A certain number of people are sitting in a linear row facing North.

Based on the given conditions, we get the following possibilities:

1. R sits fifth from the left end of the row.

Only two persons sit between R and G, who sits to the right of R.

Combining these, we get-

2. X sits second to the left of G.

Three persons sit between X and A, who sits second from the right end of the row.

Combining these, we get-

3. Only one person sits to the left of L.

L sits third to the left of R.

Combining these, we get-

4. V sits sixth to the right of R.

From this, we get the final arrangement as follows:

Therefore, we see that the total number of persons sitting in the row is 11. 

Hence, the total number of persons sitting in the row is 11.

Given: A certain number of people are sitting in a linear row facing North.

Based on the given conditions, we get the following possibilities:

1. R sits fifth from the left end of the row.

Only two persons sit between R and G, who sits to the right of R.

Combining these, we get-

2. X sits second to the left of G.

Three persons sit between X and A, who sits second from the right end of the row.

Combining these, we get-

3. Only one person sits to the left of L.

L sits third to the left of R.

Combining these, we get-

4. V sits sixth to the right of R.

From this, we get the final arrangement as follows:

Therefore, we see that five persons are seated between L and G. 

Hence, five persons sit between L and G.

Given: A certain number of people are sitting in a linear row facing North.

Based on the given conditions, we get the following possibilities:

1. R sits fifth from the left end of the row.

Only two persons sit between R and G, who sits to the right of R.

Combining these, we get-

2. X sits second to the left of G.

Three persons sit between X and A, who sits second from the right end of the row.

Combining these, we get-

3. Only one person sits to the left of L.

L sits third to the left of R.

Combining these, we get-

4. V sits sixth to the right of R.

From this, we get the final arrangement as follows:

Therefore, we see that R sits fifth to the left of A. 

Hence, R sits fifth to the left of A.

Eight members: A, B, C, D, E, F, G and H.

1. D is married to A’s sister.

2. F is the mother of A.

3. H is father-in-law of D and C is the granddaughter of F.

4. F is sister-in-law of B. F does not have siblings

5. G is the nephew of A. A is unmarried.

6. H has two daughters.

7. Male members in a family are less than female members in a family.

Thus, G is the grandson of H.

Eight members: A, B, C, D, E, F, G and H.

1. D is married to A’s sister.

2. F is the mother of A.

3. H is father-in-law of D and C is the granddaughter of F.

4. F is sister-in-law of B. F does not have siblings

5. G is the nephew of A. A is unmarried.

6. H has two daughters.

7. Male members in a family are less than female members in a family.

If H is related to E in the same way as D is related to C.

Eight members: A, B, C, D, E, F, G and H.

1. D is married to A’s sister.

2. F is the mother of A.

3. H is father-in-law of D and C is the granddaughter of F.

4. F is sister-in-law of B. F does not have siblings

5. G is the nephew of A. A is unmarried.

6. H has two daughters.

7. Male members in a family are less than female members in a family.

If P is the son of B, 

A is the cousin of P.