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The correct answer is 'In other words'.

Key Points

• The phrase "In other words" is a discourse marker used to explain something in a simpler or different way, often to clarify a previous statement. It signals a restatement or rephrasing of an idea.
• The sentence "_________________ the problem is nothing but a wrong assumption about processes" redefines or clarifies what "the problem" essentially is. "In other words" perfectly fits this function, providing a clearer interpretation of the problem.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 4.

Complete Sentence: "In other words the problem is nothing but a wrong assumption about processes."

Additional Information

• Option 1: "In the meanwhile" refers to a period of time between two events. It does not fit the context of rephrasing.
• Option 2: "Somewhat" is an adverb meaning to some extent. It doesn't function as a discourse marker to clarify or rephrase.
• Option 3: "Engagingly" is an adverb describing how something is done (in an engaging manner). It is not a discourse marker for restatement.

The correct answer is 'understandably'.

Key Points

• The adverb "understandably" means in a way that is easy to understand or sympathize with. It is used to suggest that a feeling or action is normal or reasonable given the circumstances.
• In the given sentence, people hesitate to publicly discuss certain questions because they fear nurturing discrimination. This fear makes their hesitation a rational and "understandable" reaction. The discourse marker "understandably" appropriately conveys this logical connection and empathy.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 1.

Complete Sentence: "Many, understandably hesitate to publicly broach such question for fear of nurturing discrimination."

Additional Information

• Option 2: "despite" is a preposition meaning 'without being affected by' or 'in spite of'. It requires a noun or a gerund following it (e.g., "despite their hesitation"). It is grammatically incorrect here.
• Option 3: "until" is a preposition or conjunction used to indicate time ('up to the time that'). It does not fit the context of explaining a reason for hesitation.
• Option 4: "of course" is used to indicate something that is obvious or expected. While their hesitation might be expected, "understandably" provides a stronger and more direct connection to the stated reason for the hesitation ("for fear of nurturing discrimination").

The correct answer is 'Generally speaking'.

Key Points

• The phrase "Generally speaking" is a discourse marker used to introduce a general statement, a broad observation, or to summarize a common truth, without necessarily implying that it holds true in every single instance. It signals that the speaker is giving a summary or a common perspective.
• The sentence makes a broad historical observation about a development in the nineteenth century. "Generally speaking" appropriately sets the tone for such a general statement.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 2.

Complete Sentence: "Generally speaking one notes that in the nineteenth century an important development of reflection and questioning gained momentum."

Additional Information

• Option 1: "Particularly speaking" would introduce a specific detail or an exception, which is not the purpose here.
• Option 3: "Otherwise" implies a contrasting situation or consequence, which does not fit the context.
• Option 4: "Of course" is used for something obvious or already known. While the statement might be known, "Generally speaking" is a more formal and fitting introductory phrase for a broad historical point.

The correct answer is 'Thus'.

Key Points

• The word "Thus" is a discourse marker used to indicate a consequence, result, or conclusion drawn from previous information or a general observation. It can also function as a way to summarize or state an outcome.
• In the given sentence, "the situation has completely transformed over the past few years" describes a significant change. "Thus" suggests that this transformation is either a logical outcome or a summary of developments, fitting the context where a statement of profound change is being presented.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 3.

Complete Sentence: "Thus the situation has completely transformed over the past few years."

Additional Information

• Option 1: "Somewhat" means to a certain extent or partially. This contradicts "completely transformed."
• Option 2: "Believably" describes the manner in which something happens (in a believable way). It does not serve as a logical connector or summarizer in this context.
• Option 4: "Predominantly" means mainly or for the most part. While it describes emphasis, it doesn't fit the idea of a complete transformation or serve as a preceding discourse marker for a statement of consequence or summary.

The correct answer is 'Hence'.

Key Points

• The word "Hence" is a discourse marker used to indicate a consequence, conclusion, or inference drawn from what has just been said or is implicitly understood. It means "therefore" or "for this reason."
• In the given sentence, "Hence" logically introduces the committee's opinion as a conclusion or decision that has been reached, possibly based on prior discussions or deliberations (even if those aren't explicitly stated in this single sentence). It fits the formal tone typical of committee statements.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 1.

Complete Sentence: "Hence the committee is of the opinion that all academic matters will be discussed in the Executive Body Meeting."

Additional Information

• Option 2: "But" is used to introduce a contrast or exception. It does not fit the context of presenting a committee's resolved opinion.
• Option 3: "Later" refers to a subsequent point in time. It is not a logical connector for an opinion or decision.
• Option 4: "Although" introduces a concession or a contrasting idea. It would imply that despite something, the committee holds this opinion, which doesn't fit the direct presentation of their opinion.

The correct answer is Option 2.

Key Points     

• The word Cynosure means a person or thing that is the center of attention or admiration. (ध्यान का केंद्र, आकर्षण का केंद्र)                         
• Example: Her beautiful gown made her the cynosure of all eyes at the party.
• Person or thing that attracts a lot of attention accurately defines 'Cynosure'. (वह व्यक्ति या वस्तु जो बहुत ध्यान आकर्षित करती है)                               
• Example: The newly built skyscraper became the cynosure of the city's skyline.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 2.

Additional Information

• Person or thing that causes a change: This refers to an instigator or catalyst. (परिवर्तन का कारण बनने वाला व्यक्ति या वस्तु)
• Person or thing regarded as exact copy: This refers to a replica or duplicate. (सटीक प्रतिलिपि माना जाने वाला व्यक्ति या वस्तु)
• Person or animal that lives in a particular place: This refers to a resident or inhabitant. (किसी विशेष स्थान पर रहने वाला व्यक्ति या जानवर)

The correct answer is Option 1.

Key Points 

• The word Coeval means (especially of a person or thing) existing or occurring at the same time; of the same age. (समकालीन, हमउम्र)                               
• Example: The dinosaurs and the first mammals were coeval.
• Person of roughly the same age accurately defines 'Coeval' when referring to people. (लगभग समान आयु का व्यक्ति)                               
• Example: My coevals and I share many similar memories of that decade.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 1.

Additional Information  

• Person or organisation that cooperates with others: This refers to a collaborator or an ally. (दूसरों के साथ सहयोग करने वाला व्यक्ति या संगठन)
• Person employed to drive a private car: This refers to a chauffeur. (निजी कार चलाने के लिए नियुक्त व्यक्ति)
• Person employed in taking census: This refers to a census taker or enumerator. (जनगणना लेने में कार्यरत व्यक्ति)

The correct answer is Option 3.

Key Points       

• The word Retrogression means the act or process of returning to an earlier, typically worse or less developed, state. (पतन, प्रतिगमन)                               
• Example: After years of progress, the country experienced a period of economic retrogression.
• Return to earlier state accurately defines 'Retrogression'. (पिछली अवस्था में लौटना)                               
• Example: The patient showed signs of retrogression in her recovery after a relapse.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 3.

Additional Information

• Sudden sharp drop in price: This refers to a plunge or crash in market value. (कीमत में अचानक तेज गिरावट)
• Reverse pressure: This typically refers to a force applied in the opposite direction. (विपरीत दबाव)
• Sudden occurrence of a past event: This could be described as a recurrence or flashback. (किसी पिछली घटना का अचानक घटित होना)

The correct answer is Option 2.

Key Points       

• The word Imprest means a sum of money advanced for a specific purpose, especially for petty expenses, or a fund from which payments for small incidental expenses are made. (अग्रिम राशि / छोटी-मोटी चीज़ों के लिए पहले से दिया गया पैसा)                               
• Example: The manager was given an imprest for office supplies.
• Money used to manage small expenses accurately defines 'Imprest'. (छोटे खर्चों के प्रबंधन के लिए इस्तेमाल किया जाने वाला पैसा)                               
• Example: The accountant maintained a separate imprest account for daily operational costs.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 2.

Additional Information

• Surprise attack by people: This refers to an ambush or raid. (लोगों द्वारा अचानक हमला)
• Sudden occurrence of laughter: This might be described as a burst or fit of laughter. (हँसी का अचानक आना)
• Sudden increase in activity: This could be a surge or a boom. (गतिविधि में अचानक वृद्धि)

The correct answer is Option 3.

Key Points       

• The word Turgid means swollen and distended or congested. (सूजा हुआ, फूला हुआ) It can also refer to language that is excessively ornate or complex in style.                              
• Example: The river was turgid with recent rainfall.
• Swollen or distended accurately defines the primary physical meaning of 'Turgid'. (सूजा हुआ या फूला हुआ)                               
• Example: His ankle was turgid after the fall.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 3.

Additional Information       

• Determined or loyal: These words describe someone who is firm in their purpose or faithful. (दृढ़ या वफादार)
• Dirty or untidy: These words describe something that is unclean or messy. (गंदा या अव्यवस्थित)
• Excited or upset: These words describe states of emotional arousal. (उत्साहित या परेशान)