Search Previous Year Questions

The correct answer is ​Indore.

Key Points

Agriculture Institutes and Centres in Madhya Pradesh

सही उत्तर है - "उठाना" l

Key Points

• उत्थान का तद्भव है - उठाना l
• उत्थान उठाना के लिए तत्सम शब्द है l

अन्य विकल्पों का विश्लेषण:-

• उड़ना के लिए तत्सम शब्द है - उड्डयन l
• उकसाना - हिंदी अर्थ - भड़काना, उत्तेजित करना, मुश्तइल करना l इसके कोई तद्भव और तत्सम रूप नहीं है l
• उक्त - हिंदी अर्थ - कहा हुआ, कथित। इसके कोई तद्भव और तत्सम रूप नहीं है l

Additional Information

• तत्सम शब्द संस्कृत भाषा के दो शब्दों, तत् + सम् से मिलकर बना है।
• तत् का अर्थ है - उसके, तथा सम् का अर्थ है - समान। अर्थात - ज्यों का त्यों।
• जिन शब्दों को संस्कृत से बिना किसी परिवर्तन के ले लिया जाता है, उन्हें तत्सम शब्द कहते हैं। इनमें ध्वनि परिवर्तन नहीं होता है।
• तत्सम शब्दों में समय और परिस्थितियों के कारण कुछ परिवर्तन होने से जो शब्द बने हैं उन्हें तद्भव कहते हैं।
• तद्भव का शाब्दिक अर्थ है - उससे बने (तत् + भव = उससे उत्पन्न), अर्थात जो उससे (संस्कृत से) उत्पन्न हुए हैं। यहाँ पर तत् शब्द भी संस्कृत भाषा की ओर इंगित करता है। अर्थात जो संस्कृत से ही बने हैं।
• तत्सम शब्दों के उदाहरण :-
• अग्नि, आम्र, अमूल्य, चंद्र, क्षेत्र, अज्ञान, अन्धकार आदि।
• तद्भव शब्दों के उदाहरण :-
• मुख से मुँह​
• भ्रातृ से भाई
• कुछ प्राचीन तत्सम शब्द और उनके नवीन तद्भव रूप :-
• अमृत - अमिय
• आम्रचूर्ण - अमचूर
• अन्न - अनाज​

Important Points

• तत्सम शब्द प्राचीन शब्द है जिनका संस्कृत भाषा से नाता है l इन्हीं शब्दों के नवीन रूप को तद्भव कहा जाता है l
• आज की वर्तमान भाषा में हम जो अधिकांश शब्द इस्तेमाल करते हैं, वह तद्भव शब्द है l तत्सम शब्दों का इस्तेमाल किसी पुरानी किताबों में ही देखने को मिलता है l

Correct option 4) The sentence is free from error.

Explanation:

• ‘Run into’ is a phrasal verb which means to hit someone or something accidentally. 
• It also means meeting someone by chance when you are not expecting to meet them.
• Phrasal verbs: a verb that is made up of Main Verb together with an adverb or a preposition, or both.

Additional Information

• Some other phrasal verbs of 'run' are: 
• Run after: to try to chase someone
• Run against: to compete with someone in an election
• Run away: to run fast to escape, leave one's home or current partner in order to establish a relationship with someone else, try to avoid facing up to a difficult situation.
• Run out: to come to an end, expire, to become exhausted or used up.

Given:

The ratio of the present age of Rohit to Mohit = 2 ∶ 3

After 8 years, age of Rohit = 20

Calculation:

The present age of Rohit and Mohit is 2x and 3x.

The relation between Present age and age after 8 years of Rohit, 2x + 8 = 20

⇒ x = 6.

Present age of Mohit = 3x = 18

∴ The present age of Mohit is 18 years.

The correct option is 4 i.e., respiration

• During the respiration process, heat energy is formed.
• The process of releasing energy from glucose is called respiration. The energy in glucose can be released in a single reaction. When this happens heat energy is released as glucose burns

There are two main types of respiration

• Aerobic
• Anaerobic

Difference between Aerobic and Anaerobic:

The correct answer is Babulal Gaur.

Important Points 

• Babulal Gaur became the chief minister of Madhya Pradesh after Uma Bharathi.
• Babulal Gaur served as the 16^th chief minister of Madhya Pradesh from 2004 to 2005.
• Babulal Gaur was succeeded by Shivraj Singh Chouhan in 2005.
• Uma Bharathi served as the 15^th chief minister of Madhya Pradesh from 2003 to 2004.
• She is the only women chief minister in Madhya Pradesh.

Additional Information 

• Digvijaya Singh served as the 14^th chief minister of Madhya Pradesh from 1993 to 2003.
• Kailash Joshi served as the 9^th chief minister of Madhya Pradesh from 1977 to 1978.
• Shivraj Singh Chouhan is the 19^th and current chief minister of Madhya Pradesh.
• He is the longest-serving chief minister in Madhya Pradesh.

शब्दालंकार नहीं है- 'उपमा अलंकार'।

उपमा अलंकार, अर्थालंकार है।

Key Pointsशब्दालंकार- जिसमें शब्द के माध्यम से चमत्कार उत्पन्न हों, ऐसे अलंकार शब्दालंकार कहलाते है।

शब्दालंकार- 5 भेद।

1. अनुप्रास अलंकार
2. यमक अलंकार
3. श्लेष अलंकार
4. वक्रोक्ति अलंकार
5. वीप्सा अलंकार

अर्थालंकार- जिसमें अर्थ के माध्यम से चमत्कार उत्पन्न हों, ऐसे अलंकार अर्थालंकार कहलाते है।

अर्थालंकार के भेद- 

1. उपमा अलंकार
2. उत्प्रेक्षा अलंकार
3. रूपक अलंकार
4. भ्रान्तिमान अलंकार
5. अतिश्योक्ति अलंकार
6. आदि

Additional Informationअलंकार- 'काव्य की शोभा बढ़ाने वाले शब्दों को अलंकार कहते है'।

अलंकार सम्प्रदाय के प्रतिष्ठापक 'भामह' को माना जाता है।

अलंकार के भेद- 3 भेद होते।

1. शब्दालंकार
2. अर्थालंकार
3. आधुनिक या उभयालंकार​

Mistake Points'उपमा अलंकार' - जब उपमेय की तुलना उपमान से की जाये तब उपमा अलंकार होता है।

जैसे- 'यह देखिए, अरविंद - से शिशुवृन्द कैसे सो रहे'।

यहाँ पर 'शिशु' की तुलना 'अरविन्द' यानि कि 'कमल' से की गयी है।

1. 'शब्दालंकार' शब्दों पर आधारित होते है।
2. जबकि,'अर्थालंकार' अर्थ पर आधारित होते है।

The correct answer is: She said that she could play the guitar pretty well.

Key Points

• The given sentence is in direct speech and we need to convert it to indirect speech.
• When we change a direct speech to indirect speech, we must follow these rules:

​                • The reporting verb 'said' remains unchanged.

                • The inverted commas ("...") are replaced with the conjunction 'that' to show the indirect speech.

                • A comma (,) that is added after the direct speech part, should be removed in the indirect speech.

                • The modal 'can' changes to 'could'.

                • 'I' changes to 'she'.

• Thus, option 3 is the correct answer.

Hence, The Indirect speech is- She said that she could play the guitar pretty well.

Shortcut Trick

Identify the triplet: 72, 30, 78 is a multiple of (5, 12, 13) since 5×6=30, 12×6=72, 13×6=78.

Area of right-angled triangle = 1/2 × base × height = 1/2 × 30 × 72 = 1080 m².

Total Cost = Area × Rate = 1080 × 0.20 = ₹216.

∴ The correct answer is ₹216.

Alternate Method

Given: Sides of the triangle (a, b, c) = 72 m, 30 m, 78 m. Rate = 20 paise/m².

Formula: Heron's Formula for Area = √[s(s−a)(s−b)(s−c)] where s = (a+b+c)/2.

⇒ Semi-perimeter (s) = (72 + 30 + 78) / 2 = 180 / 2 = 90 m.

⇒ Area = √[90 × (90−72) × (90−30) × (90−78)]

⇒ Area = √[90 × 18 × 60 × 12] = √[1166400] = 1080 m².

⇒ Rate in Rupees = 20/100 = ₹0.20 per m².

⇒ Total Cost = 1080 × 0.20 = ₹216.

∴ The correct answer is ₹216.

Additional Information

Pythagorean Triplets

A set of three positive integers a, b, and c, such that a² + b² = c². Common examples include (3, 4, 5), (5, 12, 13), and (8, 15, 17).

Heron's Formula

Used for finding the area of any triangle when all three sides are known: Area = √[s(s−a)(s−b)(s−c)].

Cost Calculation

Total cost for levelling or fencing is calculated as Area × Rate per unit area or Perimeter × Rate per unit length.

Explanation-

• Spore formation is a kind of reproduction process in plants by producing tiny spores and propagates through them.
• Spore Formation is a method of asexual reproduction.
• Spore formation can be seen in the bread mould / Rhizopus.
• The airborne spores land on bread under favourable conditions and they germinate and produce new bread mould plants.
• Each spore is covered with a protective coat to withstand unfavourable conditions.
• Plants like ferns, mucor, and mosses are also reproduced through spore formation
• Spores are present in a sac called sporangia.

Thereby spore formation occurs in rhizopus.

Additional Information

Hydra

• Organisms such as Hydra use regenerative cells for reproduction in the process of budding.
• ​Budding is a kind of asexual mode of reproduction in which a new organism develops from a bud due to cell division at one particular site.

Bryophyllum

• There are many plants in which parts like the root, stem and leaves develop into new plants under appropriate conditions.
• This property of vegetative propagation is used in methods such as layering or grafting to grow many plants like sugarcane, roses, or grapes for agricultural purposes.
• Similarly, buds produced in the notches along the leaf margin of Bryophyllum fall on the soil and develop into new plants.

Spirogyra

• Spirogyra simply breaks up into smaller pieces upon maturation.
• These pieces or fragments grow into new individuals.