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​The correct answer is Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit.

• Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit invented the modern mercury thermometer with a standardised scale.
• In 1654 the first sealed glass tube was developed by Ferdinand II, the Grand Duke of Tuscany. It contained alcohol and had a numerical scale, but wasn’t very accurate.
• The more modern thermometer was invented in 1709 by Daniel Fahrenheit. It was an enclosed glass tube that had a numerical scale, called the Fahrenheit scale.
• The early version of this thermometer contained alcohol and in 1714 Fahrenheit developed a mercury thermometer using the same scale. He assigned the freezing point of water at 32 degrees, the boiling point of water as 212 degrees, and the normal body temperature as 98.6 degrees.
• Later on, in that same century, the inventor Anders Celsius developed a numerical scale, called the Celsius or Centigrade scale.
• This scale was based on a scale of zero to one hundred where the freezing point of water is zero, the boiling point of water is 100 degrees and normal body temperature is 37 degrees.
• The first real medical thermometer was invented by Sir Thomas Allbut in 1867. It was six inches long and took about five minutes to take a person’s temperature

Key Points

• Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit:
• Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit FRS was a physicist, inventor, and scientific instrument, maker.
• Fahrenheit was born on 24 May 1686, Gdansk, Poland, then a predominantly German-speaking city in the Pomeranian Voivodeship of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth.
• Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit received the Fellow of the Royal Society award.

Additional Information

उपर्युक्त पंक्तियों में करुण रस हैं। अन्य विकल्प असंगत हैं। अतः सही विकल्प 2 ‘करुण रस​​’ है।

• करुणे, क्यों रोती है? उत्तर में और अधिक तू रोई। मेरी विभूति है जो, उसको भवभूति क्यों कहे कोई?
• इन पंक्तियों में करुण रस है, इसमे वर्णित किया गया है कि उत्तर रामचरित नाटक में करुणा अधिक रोई है। इस रोने का कारण पूछा गया तो करुणा कहती है-उस नाटक की महत्ता मेरी विभूति के कारण ही संसार में हुई, किन्तु उसे कवि भवभूति की विभूति कहते हैं। भवभूति संसार की विभूति नहीं, न शिव की विभूति है।
• किसी प्रिय व्यक्ति या वस्तु के विनाश या अनिष्ट की आशंका से जागे शोक स्थायी भाव का विभावादि से पुष्ट होने पर करूण रस परिपाक होता हैं।

अन्य विकल्प - 

Additional Information

The correct answer is Philology.

Key Points

• Philology: the branch of knowledge that deals with the structure, historical development, and relationships of a language or languages. (भाषाशास्त्र)
• Example: At the start of the novel Julia sees philology as a lifeless and uncreative pursuit.
• Thus, the option that can be used as a one-word substitute for the given group of words is option 1.

Additional Information

• Anthropology: the study of human beings, especially of their origin, development, customs and beliefs. (मानव की उत्‍पत्ति, उसके विकास, प्रथाओं और विश्‍वासों का वैज्ञानिक अध्ययन; मानव-विज्ञान)
• Lexicography: the theory or practice of writing dictionaries. (शब्दकोश लेखन का सिद्धांत या पेशा)
• Philosophy: the study of ideas and beliefs about the meaning of life. (जीवन के अर्थ एवं मतों से संबंधित विचारों का अध्ययन; दर्शन-शास्‍त्र)

Given:

A group of students has an average weight of 42 kg.

One student of weight 48 kg leaves the group and another student of weight 44 kg joins the group.

The new average weight becomes 41.6 kg,

Calculation:

Let tha number of students is x

As per the question,

⇒ 42x - 41.6x = 48 - 44

⇒ 0.4x = 4

⇒ x = 10

∴ The correct option is 2

The correct answer is CHCl₃

Key Points

• CHCl₃ is the chemical formula of chloroform.
• It is a thick, colourless, sweet-smelling liquid that is produced as a precursor to PTFE on a large scale.
• When inhaled or swallowed, it is a potent anesthetic, euphoric, anxiolytic, and sedative.

Additional Information 

• CCl4 is the chemical formula of carbon tetrachloride.
• CH3OH is the chemical formula of methyl alcohol.
• C2H5OH is the chemical formula of Ethyl alcohol.

The correct answer is 60.

• The percentage of cultivable area to the total area in India is 60%.

Key Points

• Agricultural land refers to the share of land area that is arable, under permanent crops, and under permanent pastures.
• Arable land includes land defined by the Food and Agriculture Organisation(FAO):
• Land under temporary crops, temporary meadows for mowing or for pasture, land under market or kitchen gardens, and land temporarily fallow.
• Land abandoned as a result of shifting cultivation is excluded.
• Land under permanent crops is land cultivated with crops that occupy the land for long periods and need not be replanted after each harvest, such as cocoa, coffee, and rubber.
• This category includes land under flowering shrubs, fruit trees, nut trees, and vines, but excludes land under trees grown for wood or timber. Permanent pasture is land used for five or more years for forage, including natural and cultivated crops.
• The percentage of cultivable area to the total area in India is 60.4 %.

सन्तोष महाधन हैं। वाक्‍य में रेखांकित शब्‍द का उचित विलोम 'असंतोष' है। 

Key Points

• सन्‍तोष का विलोम असंतोष है।
• सन्‍तोष का अर्थ- तृप्ति

अन्‍य व‍िकल्‍प- 

Important Pointsकुछ अन्‍य व‍िलोम शब्‍द- 

Additional Information

The correct answer is "Ductile."

 Key Points

• "Ductile" means capable of being stretched or bent into different shapes without breaking. (बिना टूटे विभिन्न आकारों में खींचने या मोड़ने में सक्षम)
• Example: Gold is a ductile metal that can be drawn into thin wires.
• ​Thus, capable of being bent or pulled into different shapes means "ductile."
• The correct answer is Option 3.

Additional Information

• Lithe: means thin, supple, and graceful. ((व्यक्ति या उनके शरीर के लिए प्रयुक्त) लचीला तथा सुरुचिपुर्ण ढंग से मुड़नेवाला, लचकदार और नम्य)
• Willowy: means slender and graceful like a willow tree. (विलो पेड़ की तरह पतला और सुंदर)
• Lissome: means thin, supple, and graceful. ((मनुष्य के शरीर के लिए प्रयुक्त) पतला एवं लचीला)

Given Data:

Distance = 45 km

Initial time = 45 minutes

Speed decreased by 20 km/hr

Concept: Time = Distance/Speed

Solution:

⇒ Initial speed = Distance/time = 45 km/(45 min/60) hr = 60 km/hr

⇒ Reduced speed = Initial speed - reduction = 60 km/hr - 20 km/hr = 40 km/hr

⇒ New time = Distance/Reduced speed = 45 km/40 km/hr = 1.125 hr = 67.5 min

Therefore, the new time taken to cover the same distance is 67.5 minutes.

The correct answer is Insects.

Key Points

• All living organisms respire to get energy from food.
• The process of breakdown of food in the cell with the release of energy is called cellular respiration.
• A network of tubes called tracheae are the respiratory organs of insects.
• Tracheal tubes help insects to transport atmospheric air within the body.
• Oxygenated air rushes through spiracles into the tracheal tubes, diffuses into the body tissue, and reaches the body cell.
• Carbon dioxide from the cells moves to the tracheal tubes and moves out through spiracles.

Additional Information

• Reptiles, birds, and mammals respire through the lungs.
• Amphibians like frogs can respire through their moist skin.
• Earthworms breathe through their moist skins(cuticle).
• Fishes use gills for gas exchange.
• Mussels breathe through their gills.