Search Previous Year Questions

The correct answer is only (a) is correct.

Key Points

• The President of India is elected by an electoral college in accordance with the system of proportional representation through the method of the single transferable vote.
• The electoral college for the President's election consists of elected members of the Lok Sabha, Rajya Sabha, and the Legislative Assemblies (Vidhan Sabhas) of the states and Union Territories with legislatures.
• Nominated members of the Parliament and state legislatures do not participate in the election of the President of India.
• The election process ensures equal representation of the states and the Union in the President's election, as it is designed to maintain federalism.
• Statement (a) is correct because the system of proportional representation and single transferable vote is indeed used in the election of the President of India.

Additional Information

• Statement (b): The electoral college does not consist of only the elected members of Lok Sabha, Rajya Sabha, and Vidhan Sabhas. It includes elected members of Union Territories with legislatures such as Delhi, Puducherry, and Jammu & Kashmir. Hence, this statement is incorrect.
• Proportional Representation System:
• In this system, votes are allocated based on the population of the states, ensuring larger states have more representation, but balancing the weight of Union representation.
• It ensures fair representation for both smaller and larger states in the election process.
• Single Transferable Vote:
• This voting method allows voters to rank candidates in order of preference.
• If a voter's first choice cannot win or has already secured enough votes, their vote is transferred to their next preferred candidate.
• The aim is to achieve majority consensus in the election.
• Concept of Electoral College:
• An electoral college is a body of elected representatives responsible for electing the President of India.
• The Constitution provides detailed provisions in Articles 54 and 55 regarding the composition and voting process of the electoral college.
• Key Facts about the President's Election:
• The election process for the President is conducted by the Election Commission of India.
• The President is elected for a term of 5 years, but he/she can be re-elected.
• In case of disputes regarding the election, they are resolved by the Supreme Court of India.

The correct answer is vaccination drive.

Key Points

• Mission Indradhanush is a flagship immunization program launched by the Government of India on December 25, 2014, under the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare.
• The program aims to increase the full immunization coverage of children and pregnant women across India by targeting those who are either unvaccinated or partially vaccinated.
• It focuses on preventing diseases such as diphtheria, whooping cough, tetanus, polio, tuberculosis, measles, and hepatitis B, among others.
• The initiative prioritizes high-risk populations including urban slums, remote areas, and tribal communities to ensure equitable access to vaccines.
• Under the Intensified Mission Indradhanush (IMI), launched in 2017, the government aimed to achieve at least 90% full immunization coverage in the country by 2020.
• The program uses innovative strategies like effective micro-planning, enhanced tracking, and inter-ministerial collaboration to achieve its goals.

Additional Information

• Option 1: Literacy Programme
• The Government of India has implemented several literacy programs to improve education levels, one of which is the Saakshar Bharat Abhiyan.
• Launched in 2009, this program focused on promoting adult education, especially among women and disadvantaged communities.
• The National Literacy Mission (NLM) is another initiative aimed at achieving literacy for all adults by imparting functional literacy skills.
• Option 2: Platform to Promote Cultural Diversity
• The Indian government promotes cultural diversity through initiatives such as Ek Bharat Shreshtha Bharat, which fosters cultural exchange between states and union territories.
• Additionally, organizations like the Sahitya Akademi, Sangeet Natak Akademi, and Lalit Kala Akademi work to preserve and promote Indian art and culture.
• Option 4: Livelihood Scheme for Members of the LGBTQ Community
• While there is no specific scheme under "Mission Indradhanush" for LGBTQ individuals, the government has taken steps to promote inclusivity, such as the Transgender Persons (Protection of Rights) Act, 2019.
• Various NGOs and organizations also work to provide employment and livelihood opportunities for the LGBTQ community.

The correct answer is 3) both (a) and (b) are correct.

Key Points

• Warren Hastings was the first Governor-General of Bengal (1773–1785), and he played a critical role in laying the foundation of British administrative policies in India.
• He was the first Governor-General to face impeachment in the British Parliament for alleged corruption and mismanagement during his tenure in India.
• The impeachment trial began in 1788 and lasted for seven years, making it one of the longest trials in British legal history.
• Warren Hastings was eventually acquitted of all charges in 1795, restoring his reputation after years of legal and financial struggle.
• The trial had significant political and historical importance, as it brought attention to the governance of British territories in India and led to reforms in colonial administration.

Additional Information

• Background of Warren Hastings:
• He served as the Governor-General of Bengal from 1773 to 1785 under the Regulating Act of 1773, which established the office of the Governor-General.
• Hastings was instrumental in introducing administrative and judicial reforms in India, including the codification of laws and the establishment of revenue systems.
• Despite his contributions, he faced criticism for alleged misuse of power, extortion, and administrative failures.
• Details of the Impeachment Trial:
• The trial was spearheaded by Edmund Burke, a prominent British politician and philosopher, who accused Hastings of corruption and atrocities during his tenure.
• Key charges included misconduct in the Rohilla War, mistreatment of Raja Chait Singh of Benares, and exploitation of the Begums of Awadh.
• The trial highlighted the ethical dilemmas of colonial governance and the accountability of British officials in India.

The correct answer is It is not resistant to high voltage..

Key Points

• Mica is resistant to high voltage. It is widely used as an insulating material in electrical and electronic industries.
• Mica has a high dielectric strength, which makes it capable of withstanding electrical stress without breaking down.
• It splits into thin sheets with smooth surfaces, making it suitable for applications requiring transparency and uniformity.
• Mica exhibits low power loss factor, meaning it can effectively minimize energy dissipation in electrical applications.
• Its thermal stability and ability to resist high temperatures make mica a preferred material in industries dealing with extreme heat.

Additional Information

• Mica:
• Mica is a non-metallic mineral known for its unique properties such as electrical insulation, thermal stability, and mechanical strength.
• It is extensively used in industries such as electronics, construction, and cosmetics due to its versatile applications.
• Non-metallic minerals:
• Non-metallic minerals are natural resources lacking metallic properties (luster, conductivity, malleability) and aren't used to extract metals.
• They include crucial materials like limestone, sand, mica, gypsum, graphite, salt, and gemstones, vital for construction (cement, glass, ceramics), electronics, fertilizers, and chemicals, forming the backbone of many industries.
• They can be organic (coal, petroleum) or inorganic (rocks, salts) and are valued for their physical and chemical traits, not metal content.

The correct answer is Slovenia is the only EU member which has not adopted common currency of EU.

Key Points

• Slovenia is not the only EU member that has not adopted the Euro as its currency. It adopted the Euro on 1 January 2007, making this statement incorrect.
• Several EU member countries have not adopted the Euro, including Bulgaria, Croatia (before 2023), Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland, Romania, and Sweden.
• The Euro is the common currency of the Eurozone, but only 20 out of 27 EU member states are part of the Eurozone as of 2023.
• Countries that have not adopted the Euro continue to use their national currencies due to various economic or policy reasons.
• Slovenia, as a Eurozone member, uses the Euro and actively participates in the EU's monetary policies.

Additional Information

• EU creates a single market for its members:
• The EU's single market enables the free movement of goods, services, capital, and people among member states.
• It aims to remove barriers to trade and economic activities, ensuring economic integration and cooperation among members.
• It is considered one of the EU's most significant achievements, contributing to economic growth, employment, and consumer benefits.
• EU has been awarded the Nobel Peace Prize:
• The European Union was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 2012 for its contributions to advancing peace, reconciliation, democracy, and human rights.
• This award recognized the EU's efforts in transforming Europe from a continent of war to one of peace and stability.
• The EU's role in fostering cooperation among member states has been vital in avoiding conflicts and promoting shared values.
• Britain's exit from EU was through a Referendum:
• The UK held a referendum on 23 June 2016 to decide whether to remain in or leave the EU.
• The majority voted to leave, leading to Brexit, which officially occurred on 31 January 2020.
• Brexit marked a significant political and economic shift, affecting trade, immigration, and international relations.
• The European Union:
• The EU is a political and economic union comprising 27 member states located primarily in Europe.
• It was established by the Maaastricht Treaty in 1993 to foster cooperation and integration among European countries.
• The EU operates through various institutions such as the European Parliament, European Council, European Commission, and European Court of Justice.
• Key objectives include promoting economic growth, social progress, environmental sustainability, and international diplomacy.

The correct answer is Only (a) and (b) are correct.

Key Points

• Manure is an organic substance obtained from the decomposition of plant and animal wastes. It is a rich source of nutrients essential for soil health and plant growth.
• Manure helps in improving soil texture by adding organic matter, which enhances the fertility and structure of the soil.
• It increases the water-retention capacity of the soil, contrary to statement (c), by allowing soil particles to hold water effectively and reducing water runoff.
• Manure is eco-friendly and plays a significant role in sustainable agriculture by reducing dependency on chemical fertilizers.
• It supplies essential nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorous, and potassium to plants, ensuring balanced growth and productivity.

Additional Information

• Importance of manure:
• Manure is widely used in organic farming and sustainable agriculture practices.
• It promotes biodiversity by supporting the growth of beneficial microorganisms in the soil.
• Using manure helps reduce the environmental impact of chemical fertilizers, which can pollute water bodies and degrade soil health.

The correct answer is Bitumen.

Key Points

• Bitumen is a sticky, black, and highly viscous liquid or semi-solid form of petroleum.
• It is primarily used in road construction for paving and surfacing because of its excellent binding properties and water resistance.
• The material is obtained as a residue during the fractional distillation of crude oil in refineries.
• Bitumen is mixed with aggregates to form asphalt, which is widely used for flexible road pavement construction.
• It has a high softening point and good adhesive properties, making it ideal for roads that can withstand different weather conditions and heavy traffic loads.

Additional Information

• Paraffin Wax:
• Paraffin wax is a white or colorless, soft solid derived from saturated hydrocarbons.
• It is primarily used in the production of candles, wax papers, polishes, and cosmetics.
• It is not suitable for road construction as it lacks the adhesive and binding properties required for paving.
• Naphthalene:
• Naphthalene is a white, crystalline, aromatic hydrocarbon obtained from coal tar or petroleum.
• It is widely used in the production of mothballs, dyes, and plastics.
• It is not used in road surfacing as its physical and chemical properties are not suitable for such purposes.
• Coke:
• Coke is a solid carbonaceous material derived from destructive distillation of low-ash, low-sulfur bituminous coal.
• It is primarily used as a fuel in metallurgical processes such as in blast furnaces for iron and steel production.
• Coke is not used in road construction as it does not possess the binding and water-resistant properties necessary for paving materials.

The correct answer is Kylian Mbappe.

Key Points

• Kylian Mbappe won the FIFA World Cup 2022 Golden Boot award, which is given to the tournament's highest goalscorer.
• Mbappe scored a total of 8 goals during the tournament, including a hat-trick in the final against Argentina.
• He became only the second player in history to score a hat-trick in a FIFA World Cup final, after Geoff Hurst in 1966.
• The Golden Boot award is determined based on the number of goals scored, with assists and fewer minutes played used as tiebreakers.
• Kylian Mbappe played a pivotal role in helping France reach the final and demonstrated extraordinary skill and composure throughout the tournament.

Additional Information

• Lionel Messi
• Although Lionel Messi did not win the Golden Boot, he won the Golden Ball award as the best player of the tournament.
• Messi scored 7 goals and provided 3 assists during the tournament, playing a crucial role in Argentina's World Cup victory.
• This was Messi's second Golden Ball award, having previously won it in 2014.
• Enzo Fernandez
• Enzo Fernandez of Argentina was awarded the Best Young Player award at the FIFA World Cup 2022.
• Fernandez played a vital role in Argentina's midfield, showcasing exceptional skill and composure despite his young age.
• Julian Alvarez
• Julian Alvarez, also from Argentina, was one of the standout performers of the tournament, scoring 4 goals.
• He formed a strong attacking partnership with Lionel Messi and played a significant role in Argentina's World Cup triumph.
• Golden Boot Award
• The Golden Boot is awarded to the top scorer of the FIFA World Cup, with assists and minutes played acting as tiebreakers.
• It has been won by legendary players like Ronaldo (Brazil, 2002) and James Rodriguez (Colombia, 2014).

The correct answer is Pallipattu Nagaraju.

Key Points

• Pallipattu Nagaraju was awarded the prestigious Sahitya Akademi Yuva Puraskar in 2022 for his outstanding contribution to literature in the Telugu language.
• The Sahitya Akademi Yuva Puraskar is an annual award presented by the Sahitya Akademi, India’s National Academy of Letters, to recognize young literary talent in various Indian languages.
• Nagaraju’s work demonstrated remarkable literary depth and creativity, making a significant impact on Telugu literature.
• This award aims to encourage and acknowledge young writers under the age of 35 who show exceptional promise in their literary pursuits.
• The recognition includes a cash prize of Rs. 50,000 along with a plaque, symbolizing the honor and encouragement given to young authors.

Additional Information

• Siddhardha Kalta:
• No significant literary recognition related to the Sahitya Akademi Yuva Puraskar in 2022 is associated with Siddhardha Kalta.
• He may belong to a different literary domain or language not related to the Telugu category.
• Narra Praveen Reddy:
• There is no record of Narra Praveen Reddy receiving the Sahitya Akademi Yuva Puraskar in 2022 for Telugu literature.
• Details of his contributions to literature or other fields are not relevant to this specific award or question.
• Nanda Kishore:
• Nanda Kishore is not associated with the Sahitya Akademi Yuva Puraskar for Telugu language in 2022.
• His contributions might be in a different literary or regional context unrelated to the award in question.

The correct answer is It is the ratio of length of the screen to the height of the screen.

Key Points

• The aspect ratio is defined as the ratio of the width (length) of the screen to its height.
• It is commonly represented as width:height (e.g., 16:9, 4:3, etc.).
• Aspect ratio is crucial for determining the display format and is widely used in televisions, computer monitors, and camera resolutions.
• The most popular aspect ratio for videos and modern screens is 16:9, which provides a widescreen experience.
• Maintaining the correct aspect ratio ensures that images or videos do not appear stretched or distorted.

Additional Information

• Aspect Ratio
• The aspect ratio is a fundamental concept in visual media, ensuring that content is displayed correctly on screens of varying sizes.
• It is widely used in designing digital graphics, videos, cinema, and photography.
• Standard aspect ratios include 16:9 (widescreen), 4:3 (traditional TV format), and 1:1 (square format). Cinematic aspect ratios like 21:9 are used for immersive movie experiences.