Search Previous Year Questions

The correct answer is Source arrangement:

Key Points

• After deciding about the collection in which the library material is to be arranged the next step is to decide about the type of arrangement on the shelf within each sequence. This will be one of the following types:
• Alphabetical
• Accession number
• Classified
• Block
• Broken order
• Parallel arrangement
• Ribbon arrangement
• Alphabet and accession number is not usually done in libraries because of the difficulties related to searching involved in these systems.
• Generally, books are arranged in classified order in the libraries. This is the best type of arrangement because it facilitates the subject approach and the documents are arranged according to the class/call number on the shelves.
• In block arrangement the documents are arranged according to shelf to shelf, case to case order using classified order.
• Libraries break the collection and arrange it in different sequences as per the needs of the users. This type of arrangement is known as a broken-order arrangement.
• In Parallel arrangement books on a specific subject, available in different sizes are put in one sequence by accommodating smaller-sized books in upper

shelves of stacks and larger-sized books on the bottom shelves.

• Ribbon arrangement refers to an arrangement where books on fiction are placed in the middle rows of nonfiction books

The correct answer is Melvil Dewey:

Key Points

• Dewey’s Principles: Melvil Dewey suggested that in selecting a document the librarian should see that the document is “the best reading for the largest number at the least cost”
• ​According to this principle, Libraries should select, within their financial resources, the best reading materials which may satisfy the user's needs.

Additional Information Other Book Selection Principles:

• Drury’s Principles:
• ​Drury described his principles in his book, Book Selection, published by ALA in 1930. It is a list of 21 points. The gist of his principles is that the

aim of selection should be “to provide the right book to the right reader at the right time”.

• The reader is the central theme according to this principle.
• L R . Mc Colvin Principle:
• ​He introduced his Demand and supply theory of book selection in his book Theory of Book selection in public libraries first published in 1925.
• According to him, Books in themselves have no meaning unless they are made serviceable by Demand.
• H E Haines Principle:
• His Book Living with Books the art of book selection is the first true textbook aimed at training in book selection for librarians.
• it was published in 1935.
• S R Ranganathan principle:
• The first edition of the Library book selection by S R Ranganathan appeared in 1952.
• The first three laws of Ranganthan advocated the book selection theory and methods.
• He also advocated the concept of umbral documents, penumbral documents, and alien documents.

The correct answer is Peter Druker:

Key Points

• The term Management by objectives is coined by Peter Drucker in 1954 in his book, The Practice Management.
• Management By Objectives (MBO) is a tool by which managers can improve their performance and

increase their effectiveness.

• There are three steps involved in the MBO process.
• Setting objectives in each key result area,
• Action planning, and
• Performance review.

Additional Information

• Luther Halsey Gulick
• Luther Halsey Gulick (1892–1993) was an American political scientist.
• Gulick is perhaps best known for the functions of the chief executive represented in the acronym POSDCORB.
• ​Peter Drucker:
• Peter Ferdinand Drucker was an Austrian-American management consultant, educator, and author.
• The annual Global Peter Drucker Forum was first held in 2009, the centenary of Drucker's birth.
• Francis Duruy:
• He is best known for his principle of book selection" to provide the right book to the right reader at the right time”.
• Henry Fayol:
• He is considered the father of administrative management theory/operational management theory.
• He listed 14 general principles of management.

The Correct answer is Capital expenditure:

Key Points

• Capital expenditure:
• Also called capital expense is the money an organization or corporate entity spends to buy, maintain, or improve its fixed assets, such as buildings, vehicles, equipment, or land.
• Key characteristics of capital expenditures include:
• Long term Benefit
• Capitalization:

Additional Information

• Recurring expenditure:
• A recurring expense is any cost which incurs weekly, monthly, or annually.
• Expenditure on the purchase of books and

periodicals, maintenance of regular services etc are examples.

• Contingent expenditure:
• ​The term “contingent charges” or “contingencies” used in these rules mean and include all incidental and other expenses which are incurred for the management of an office as an office or for the technical working of a department, other than those under prescribed rules of classification of expenditure fall under some other head of expenditure,
• Eg “works”, “stores”, “tools and plant” etc.
• Revenue expenditure:
• Revenue expenditures is an expense that is incurred as a result of producing products and services.
• In other words, it refers to operational expenditure.

The correct answer is Informational:

Key Points

• Within directed change, there are three different types of change management: developmental, transitional, and transformational.
• Developmental change management: In its simplest form, a directed change can take the form of developmental change.
• In this, the business improves what it is currently doing: improving existing skills, processes, methods, performance standards or conditions are all developmental changes.
• Examples are; increasing sales or quality, interpersonal communication training, etc.
• Transitional change management: A second form of directed change- transitional change – leads to the replacement of what already exists with something different that is regarded as ‘new’ by the people involved.
• Examples are re-organizations, simple acquisitions, creation of new products or services that replace old ones.
• Transformational change management: In this, the future state though part of the vision of the future is not, and cannot be known in detail – much of the final state arises from evolutions – the outcome of trial-and-error as new information, new boundaries, and new interactions are integrated. 
• Examples are complex mergers and acquisitions, and radical rebranding.

Additional Information

• There are several models of change management:
• Lean Change Management: Created by Jason Little.
• Kurt Lewin's 3-Step Change Model:
• Unfreezing
• Changing
• Refreezing
• John Kotter's 8-Step Process for Leading Change:
• Create a Sense of Urgency
• Build a Guiding Coalition
• Form a Strategic Vision and Initiatives
• Enlist a Volunteer Army
• Enable Action by Removing Barriers
• Generate Short-Term Wins
• Sustain Acceleration
• Institute Change
• The Prosci ADKAR Model:
• Created by Jeff Hiatt ADKAR is an acronym
• Awareness of the need for change
• Desire to participate and support the change
• Knowledge of what to do during and after the change
• Ability to realize or implement the change as required
• Reinforcement to ensure the results of a change continue.
• The Plan-Do-Check-Act Cycle:
• The Plan-Do-Check-Act Cycle, created by W. Edwards Deming, is a management method to improve the business method for control and continuous improvement of choosing which changes to implement.

The correct answer is Kanpur:

Key Points

• The Office of the Controller General of Patents, Designs, and Trade Marks (CGPDTM) generally known as the Indian Patent Office, is an agency under the Department for Promotion of Industry and Internal Trade that administers the Indian law of Patents, Designs, and Trade Marks.
• The patent office is headquartered in Kolkata with branches in Chennai, New Delhi, and Mumbai, but the office of the CGPDTM is in Mumbai.
• The office of the Patent Information System and National Institute for Intellectual Property Management is in **Nagpur.**​

Additional Information

• The first legislation in India relating to patents was the Act VI of 1856.
• In 1872, the Act of 1859 was consolidated to provide protection relating to designs. It was renamed “The Patterns and Designs Protection Act” under Act XIII of 1872.
• The Indian Patents and Designs Act, 1911, (Act II of 1911) replaced all the previous Acts.
• The Government of India constituted a committee under the Chairmanship of Justice (Dr.) Bakshi Tek Chand, a retired Judge of Lahore High Court, in 1949 to review the patent law in India.
• In 1967, again an amended bill was introduced which was referred to a Joint Parliamentary Committee, and on the final recommendation of the Committee, the Patents Act, of 1970 was passed. This Act was repealed and replaced with the 1911 Act. Most of the provisions of the 1970 Act were brought into force on 20 th April 1972 with the publication of the Patent Rules, 1972.
• The term of every patent in India is 20 years from the date of filing of the patent application, irrespective of whether it is filed with provisional or complete specification.

The correct answer is ​(A) - (iv), B - (iii), C - (ii), D - (i):

Note: The original question was omitted from the official paper.

Key Points

• Librarians Glossary and Reference Book:
• ​Harrods Librarians Glossary and Reference Book is written by Ray Prytherch.
• The first edition of Harrod’s Librarians’ Glossary was published in 1938.
• Leonard Montague Harrod had originally

decided to compile the work after the Library Association (now CILIP) proposed an examination paper in library terminology.

• L. M. Harrod acted as advisory editor for that fifth edition which was published in 1984 – the year of his death​​
• ​Guide to the use of books and libraries:
• This book is written by Jean Key Gates.
• it was first published in 1962.
• Introduction to Reference Work:
• This book is written by William A Katz.
• This is divided into two volumes "Basic information sources" and "Reference processes".
• Guide to Reference Material:
• This book is written by Albert John Walford.​
• Now it is in its eighth edition.
• Walford’s Guide to Reference Material has been essential for reference collections for over thirty years.

The correct answer is "Public Library Guidelines".

Key Points

• Any library established, maintained, and managed by the  Government or Government bodies and declared open to the public is known as a Public Library.
• Indian standard 'IS 15339:2003' provides guidelines for services provided by public libraries.
• IS 15339 (2003): Public Library - Guidelines [MSD 5: Documentation and Information] was reviewed in the year 2018.
• ​

The correct answer is Design for library buildings.

Key PointsSome Indian Library standards are;

The correct answer is ​Repository of Indian research in progress.

Key Points

• Shodh Gangotri: a repository of Indian research in progress-
• ​Shodhgangotri is an initiative of the UGC, Ministry of Human Resource Development, Government of India, and INFILBNET Centre.
• It is a type of alerting service.
• Under this initiative, universities are requested to deposit an electronic version of the approved synopsis submitted by research scholars to the universities.

Additional Information

• Shodh Ganga:
• Shodh Ganga is a repository of Indian theses and dissertations. It was launched in 2012 by the Indian Council of Social Science Research (ICSSR). The repository contains over 100,000 theses and dissertations in social sciences, humanities, and related disciplines. Shodh Ganga is a valuable resource for researchers, teachers, and students. It provides access to a wide range of research output, which can be used for research, teaching, and learning.
• Shodh Sindhu:
• Shodh Sindhu is a database of research journals and e-books. It was launched in 2014 by the Ministry of Human Resource Development (MHRD). The database contains over 100,000 research journals and e-books in various disciplines. Shodh Sindhu is a valuable resource for researchers, teachers, and students. It provides access to a wide range of scholarly literature, which can be used for research, teaching, and learning.
• VIDWAN
• ​It  is the premier database of profiles of scientists/researchers and other faculty members working at leading academic institutions.

R & D organisations are also involved in teaching and research in India.

• It provides important information about the expert's background, contact address, skills and accomplishments.
• The database was developed and maintained by Information and Library Network Centre (INFLIBNET).