Search Previous Year Questions

The correct answer is the Series statement main entry:

Key Point

• Some important MARC tags:
• 010 tag: marks the Library of Congress Control Number (LCCN)
• 020 tag: marks the International Standard Book Number (ISBN)
• 082 tag: marks DDC number
• 100 tag: marks a personal name main entry (author)
• 130 tag: marks Main Entry – Uniform Title.
• 245 tag: marks the title information (which includes the title, other title information, and the statement of responsibility)
• 250 tag: marks the edition
• 260 tag: marks the publication information
• 270 tag: Marks the Adress
• 300 tag: marks the physical description (often referred to as the "collation" when describing books)
• 490 tag: marks the series statement
• 520 tag: marks the annotation or summary note
• 600 tag: marks Subject Added Entry– Personal Name
• 650 tag: marks a topical subject heading
• 700 tag: marks a personal name added entry (joint author, editor, or illustrator)

Additional Information

• MARC is an acronym for Machine-readable cataloging created by Henriette Avram while working with the Library of Congress in 1966
• MARC 21 is the result of the harmonization of U.S and Canadian MARC formats (USMARC and CANMARC)
• MARC  21 record structure consists of 
• Leader
• Record Directory
• Variable field​
• ​A tag:
• ​Each field is associated with a 3-digit number called a "tag."
• A tag identifies the field -- the kind of data -- that follows.

The correct answer is in Table 1:

Key Points

• The tables are provided in Volume I of DDC.
• The nineteenth edition contains the same seven tables as the eighteenth edition, with some changes and expansions.
• Tables in DDC 
• T1 Standard Subdivisions
• T2 Geographic Areas, Historical Periods, Biography
• T3 Subdivisions for the Arts, for Individual Literature, for Specific Literary Forms
• T3A Subdivisions for Works by or about Individual Authors
• T3B Subdivisions for Works by or about More than One Author
• T3C Notation to Be Added Where Instructed in Table 3B,
• T4 Subdivisions of Individual Languages and Language Families
• T5 Ethnic and National Groups
• T6 Languages
• Tables 1, 2, 5, and 7 can be used as required with any appropriate number from the schedules.
• The provision of the table of precedence is in Table 1 according to DDC19th.

Additional Information

• The seventeenth edition had only two tables.
• The notations of Tables 3 and 4 are applicable only to their respective main classes, literature, and arid languages.
• The notations of Table 3 can be used as required with the base numbers of individual literature identified by an asterisk (*) under 810-890.
• ​Dewey Decimal Classification was devised by Melville Dewey in 1873 and Published in 1876.
• DDC is an Enumerative Scheme of classification

The Correct answer is T. L. Carter:

Key Points

• 23^rd edition of DDC:
• It was published in 2011 by the Online Computer Library Center(OCLC).
• It was edited by 'Joan S. Mitchell'.
• It was published in 4 Volumes.
• ​The Detailed information about DDC 23 and its contributors is as :

Additional Information

• Michael Panzer, formerly Assistant Editor, was named the 10^th Editor-in-Chief of the Dewey Decimal Classification (DDC) system in 2013.
• Mr. Panzer becomes the first DDC Editor-in-Chief from outside the United States.
• OCLC acquired DDC in 1988.
• DDC version for Windows was published in 1996
• DDC editorial policy committee was established in 1937.
• The European DDC user group (EDUG) was established in 2007.

The correct answer is  S R Ranganathan:

Key Points

• According to Ranganathan, Library classification is the translation of the name of the subject of a book into the preferred artificial language of ordinal numbers, and the individualization of several books dealing with the same specific subject by means of a further set of ordinal numbers which represent some features of the book other than their thought content".
• In this definition, we find three important phrases, viz.,
• artificial language,
• ordinal numbers, and
• specific subject.
• According to Margaret Mann " Classification is the arrangement of things according to their likeness and unlikeness.
• W.C. Berwick Sayers defines it as the arrangement of books on shelves or description of them in the manner which is most helpful to those who read"
• Arthur Maltby defined it as "the systematic arrangement of books and other material on shelves or of catalog and index entries in the manner which is most useful to those who read or who seek a definite piece of information".

Additional Information

• **S.R. Ranganathan-**​
• His full name is Shiyali Ramamrita Ranganathan, widely known as S.R. Ranganathan.
• He is regarded as the Father of Library Science in India.
• Melvil Dewey-
• Melvil Dewey is known as the "Father of Librarianship".
• He devised the Dewey Decimal Classification system for Library classification.
• ​Margaret Mann 
• ​Margaret Mann (April 9, 1873 – August 22, 1960) was a noted librarian and teacher who dominated the field of cataloging for almost fifty years.
• She authored several textbooks including Introduction to Cataloging and Classification of Books in 1930 and Subject Headings for Use in Dictionary Catalogs of Juvenile Books

The correct answer is the Principle of Later-in-Evolution 

Key Points

• In Colon classification, the sequence of business in Basic class Economics is chosen according to the Principle of Later-in-Evolution
• This principle is based on the idea that the subject matter of a discipline evolves over time and the Latest developments are more important than earlier ones.​

Additional Information

• Ranganathan (Prolegomena, FA2) has formulated the following eight principles for arranging entities of an array in a helpful way 
• Principle of Later-in-Time:(Chronological Sequence): Entities in an array may be arranged in a chronological or historical sequence.
• Principle of Later-in-Evolution (Evolutionary order): Related principle is of Later-in Evolution. Some entities can be arranged as they have evolved: animals can be arranged from amoeba to mammals; plants are arranged from Thallophyta to Dicotyledons
• Principle of Spatial Contiguity: If the entities exist in space their arrangement should be near to one another
• Principles for Quantitative Measure: It recommends that if entities are associated with some quantity, then these may be arranged in the order of their increasing quantity
• Principle of Increasing Complexity: It lays down that the entities may be arranged in the order of their increasing complexity, e.g., Linguistic elements can be arranged as syllables,

word, phrase, clause, sentence, paragraph, chapter, book, and so on.

• Principle of Canonical Sequence: if there is any traditional sequence of entities then it may be

followed

• Principle of Literary Warrant: Entities can be arranged according to their popularity of use,
• Principle of Alphabetical Sequence: the entities may be arranged in alphabetical order
• Further to the third principle of Spatial Contiguity, he has given 13 sub-principles to suit a given situation.

The correct answer is 1937.

Key Points

• The Decimal Classification Editorial Policy Committee (EPC) was established in 1937 to serve as an advisory body to the Dewey Decimal Classification.
• The Dewey Decimal Classification (DDC) Editorial Policy Committee (EPC) is a ten-member international joint committee of OCLC and ALA.
• The editors prepare the proposed schedule

revisions and expansions, and forward the proposals to

EPC for review and recommended action.

Additional Information

• The first edition of the DDC was published in 1876  as a thin pamphlet of 44 pages entitled “A Classification and subject index for Cataloging and Arranging the Books and Pamphlets of a Library.”
• OCLC is the publisher of the 23^rd edition of DDC.
• DDC version Dewey for Windows was published in 1996.
• The electronic version of the DDC-20^th edition was released in 1993 on CD-ROM and titled Electronic Dewey

The correct answer is Malware:

Key Points

• It is a broad term that refers to a variety of malicious programs that are used to damage computer systems, gather sensitive information, or gain access to private computer systems.
• Threats to Computer Security Malware stands for malicious software.
• It includes computer viruses, worms, trojan horses, rootkits, spyware, adware, etc.
• Examples of Malware are:
• Computer viruses.
• Worms.
• Trojan horses.
• Ransomware.
• Spyware
• Adware.
• Scareware.

Additional Information

• Botnet:
• A botnet is a collection of internet-connected devices infected by malware that allow hackers to control them.
• Cybercriminals use botnets to instigate botnet attacks, which include malicious activities such as credentials leaks, unauthorized access, data theft, and DDoS attacks.
• The word "botnet" is a portmanteau of the words "robot" and "network".
• ​Censorship:
• ​Censorship is the suppression of speech, public communication, or other information.
• The National Coalition Against Censorship (NCAC), was founded in 1974.
• American Library Association (ALA)  set up the Office of Intellectual Freedom (OIF) in 1967.
• Censorship can be applied to the following: books and other print, materials, speech, photographs, films, TV, radio programs, digital materials, and the Internet.
• Cyberwarfare:
• ​Cyberwarfare is the use of cyber attacks against an enemy state, causing comparable harm to actual warfare and/or disrupting vital computer systems.
• Some intended outcomes could be espionage, sabotage, propaganda, manipulation or economic warfare.

the Correct answer is RAM.

Key Points

• Random Access Memory (RAM) is a primary memory.
• It is a read/write memory.
• It is **volatile memory.**​

Additional Information

• EPROM is erasable programmable read-only memory.
• It is a non-volatile memory.
• It is used to hold both the operating system and the program for the access control panel.
• The Read-Only Memory (ROM) is non-volatile memory and retains its information even after the power is turned off.
• SSD is a solid-state drive and is a type of storage and alternative for hard disk and is a non-volatile memory.

The correct answer is Printing drawings and maps.

Key Points

• The plotter is basically a type of Printer.
• It is an output device of the computer.
• It uses a pen to create a print on paper or media.
• The output is created on vector graphics.
• It means that the dots are printed which are joined by lines and curves to produce text and images.
• Plotters are present in many designs used for printing large format prints.
• It includes architecture like layouts, building plans, ship designs, CAD (computer-aided design), big canvas prints, and any other engineering drawing.
• The plotters utilize pens or markers to draw graphics on an output media.
• These pens move differently according to the technology deployed by a plotter.
• Three types of plotters are most popular for their ability to allow you to create different designs.
• Drum Plotters.
• Flat Bed Plotters
• Ink Jet Plotters

The correct answer is an Impact printer.

Key Points

• Dot-matrix printer is a type of computer printing in which ink is applied to a surface and a low-resolution dot matrix is used for layout.
• It is also called an Impact printer.
• Dot-matrix printers employ a print head that goes back and forth or up and down on the page and prints by impact, striking an ink-soaked cloth ribbon on the paper, similar to a typewriter or line printer's print mechanism.
• Not only can a dot matrix printer create any patterns, but it can also print specified characters.
• Impact printer printers are noisy yet popular.
• There is no direct contact between the ink ribbon and the paper with non-impact printers.​

Additional Information

• Impact printer
• Impact printer refers to a class of printers that work by banging a head or needle against an ink ribbon to make a mark on the paper.
• The three most common forms of impact printers are:
• Dot-matrix.
• Daisy-wheel.
• Line printers.
• Non-impact printers print the characters without using ribbons. These printers print a complete page at a time so they are also called page printers.
• E.g. Ink-Jet printer, Laser printer, etc.
• Laser Printer
• ​A laser printer is a printer that uses a focused beam of light to transfer text and images onto paper.
• Inkjet printer
• ​Inkjet printers, as the name implies, use ink to print text, graphics, and images onto various types of paper.
• Inkjet printers, cartridges, and supplies are more widely available and therefore cheaper than their thermal printer.
• Thermal printer​
• Thermal printers use tiny heating elements to activate or transfer pigments.
• Thermal printers are used most commonly to create labels, and safety signs.
• A plotter is an output device. A plotter is a computer hardware device that is used for printing vector graphics.
• Plotters are much like a printer.